A rat biliary catheter

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a rat bile duct catheter, which comprises a first catheter (1), a single knot (2) connected with the first catheter (1), a second catheter (3) connected with the single knot (2), a first double knot (4) connected with the second catheter (3), and a third catheter (5) connected with the first double knot (4). The first catheter (1) is inserted into the common bile duct and fixed through the single knot (2), the third catheter (5) is inserted into the duodenum and fixed through the first double knot (4), and the bile is taken at the second catheter (3). The first catheter is inserted into the common bile duct and fixed on the side of the common bile duct through the single knot, the third catheter is inserted into the duodenum and fixed on the side of the duodenum through the first double knot, and the second catheter is located outside the rat body, so that the bile can be taken at the second catheter. The present application conforms to the physiological structure of the rat, is not easy to fall off after being fixed, meets the requirement of long-term periodic collection of bile, and conforms to the requirement of animal welfare.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal experimental technology, and in particular to a rat bile duct catheter and an experimental apparatus having therein. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of drug development, it is often necessary to periodically collect bile from experimental animals to determine the drug's half-life in order to assess its efficacy and conduct drug toxicology analysis.

[0003] Currently, the most common method for collecting bile from laboratory animals is to anesthetize them and extract it during surgery. This method is highly invasive, as the animals cannot survive for long periods, making it difficult to perform long-term, periodic collection, and it does not meet animal welfare requirements.

[0004] If long-term, periodic bile collection needs to be performed in vitro on laboratory animals, and if bile collection is not required, it is necessary to connect the common bile duct and duodenum of the laboratory animal to establish a bile flow channel, then bile duct cannulation is an essential procedure. However, existing bile duct catheters are simple in design and prone to dislodgement, making it difficult to meet the requirements for long-term, periodic collection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a rat bile duct catheter, which aims to solve the problem of easy dislodgement of bile duct catheters when collecting bile from experimental animals for extended periods in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, a rat bile duct catheter is provided, comprising:

[0007] First catheter (1);

[0008] A single nodule (2) connected to the first catheter (1);

[0009] A second catheter (3) connected to the single nodule (2);

[0010] The first double nodule (4) connected to the second catheter (3); and

[0011] The third catheter (5) is connected to the first double nodule (4);

[0012] The first catheter (1) is inserted into the common bile duct and fixed by a single nodule (2), the third catheter (5) is inserted into the duodenum and fixed by a first double nodule (4), and bile is taken from the second catheter (3).

[0013] Secondly, an experimental apparatus is provided, including a rat bile duct catheter, implanter, and syringe as described above;

[0014] The syringe is connected to the second catheter (3) via the implant, and bile is extracted at the second catheter (3).

[0015] Thirdly, an experimental apparatus is provided, including the rat bile duct catheter, implant, and bile circulator as described above;

[0016] The bile circulator is connected to a second catheter (3) via an implant, forming a closed-loop bile flow channel.

[0017] In this embodiment of the invention, after the first catheter is inserted into the common bile duct, it is fixed on the side of the common bile duct through a single nodule. After the third catheter is inserted into the duodenum, it is fixed on the side of the duodenum through a first double nodule. The second catheter is located outside the rat, and bile can be collected at the second catheter. This conforms to the physiological structure of the rat, is not easy to fall off after fixation, meets the needs of long-term periodic bile collection, and meets the requirements of animal welfare. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rat bile duct catheter provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar modules or modules having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Rather, embodiments of the present invention include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0023] The method of extracting bile during surgery after anesthetizing laboratory animals requires surgically opening a window in the animal's abdomen, extracting the bile, and then suturing the wound to achieve bile collection in a single procedure. This method is highly invasive to laboratory animals, and they often cannot withstand repeated such trauma and die, making it impossible to determine the efficacy of drugs at different stages in the same animal.

[0024] This method of inserting a bile duct cannula into laboratory animals and periodically collecting bile externally requires only one surgery to implant the catheter. This allows for multiple external bile collections while the animal is awake. Even when not collecting bile, the catheter remains connected to the common bile duct and duodenum, forming a closed-loop bile flow channel to maintain normal physiological functions. This method requires the bile duct catheter to have minimal impact on the animal, minimizing stress, and to remain firmly attached to the common bile duct and duodenum even during prolonged activity with the catheter in place.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, after the first catheter is inserted into the common bile duct, it is fixed on the side of the common bile duct through a single nodule. After the third catheter is inserted into the duodenum, it is fixed on the side of the duodenum through a first double nodule. The second catheter is located outside the rat, and bile can be collected at the second catheter. This conforms to the physiological structure of the rat, is not easy to fall off after fixation, meets the needs of long-term periodic bile collection, and meets the requirements of animal welfare.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rat bile duct catheter provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the rat bile duct duct includes a first duct 1, a single nodule 2, a second duct 3, a first double nodule 4, and a third duct 5. The first duct 1, single nodule 2, second duct 3, first double nodule 4, and third duct 5 are connected sequentially, through which bile can flow.

[0028] During feeding in rats, food enters the duodenum from the stomach, and bile flows into the duodenum from the common bile duct, promoting the digestion of fats in the food. Collecting bile and forming a closed-loop bile flow path requires connecting a rat bile duct catheter between the common bile duct and the duodenum. Therefore, the design of rat bile duct catheters is largely based on a thorough understanding of the physiological structure and stress response of rats.

[0029] The insertion depth of the rat bile duct catheter into the common bile duct must be appropriate; too long will cause bile obstruction, while too short will easily lead to dislodgement. The insertion depth into the duodenum also needs to be appropriate; too long will cause intestinal obstruction, while too short will easily lead to dislodgement. Furthermore, the smooth and soft intestinal tissue further increases the difficulty of fixation, and insecure fixation can easily lead to experimental failure. The diameter of each part of the rat bile duct catheter must be appropriate; too thick and it will be impossible to insert, while too thin and bile cannot be effectively collected.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, based on the physiological structure and stress response of rats, the first catheter 1 is 5 mm long, which is the depth to which it is inserted into the common bile duct; the inner diameter of the first catheter 1 is 0.31 mm. The first catheter 1 is inserted into the rat's common bile duct and fixed by a single nodule 2. Specifically, after the first catheter 1 is inserted into the common bile duct, the single nodule 2 is located outside the common bile duct and close to it. The common bile duct and the single nodule 2 are tied together and fixed by sutures, and the single nodule 2 can also block the opening of the common bile duct insertion site. The third catheter 5 is 8 mm long, which is the depth to which it is inserted into the duodenum; the inner diameter of the third catheter 5 is 0.61 mm. The third catheter 5 is inserted into the rat's duodenum and fixed by a first double nodule 4. Specifically, after the third catheter 5 is inserted into the duodenum, a purse-string knot is tied to the duodenum with sutures, so that the nodule of the first double nodule 4 closest to the third catheter 5 is inside the duodenum to prevent it from falling out, and the nodule of the first double nodule 4 furthest from the third catheter 5 is outside the duodenum to block the opening of the duodenal insertion site. Furthermore, multiple small holes are provided on the third conduit 5 to allow food residue to flow out better and avoid blockage.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the second catheter 3 protrudes from the back of the rat and is partially located outside the rat's body. Other components are connected to the second catheter 3 to allow for long-term, periodic bile extraction.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, the rat bile duct catheter is made of polyurethane or silicone, which is safe and environmentally friendly, has a smooth surface, and is moderately soft and hard, which is conducive to bile duct insertion, while also being less likely to cause damage and reduce stress response.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, after the first catheter is inserted into the common bile duct, it is fixed on the side of the common bile duct through a single nodule. After the third catheter is inserted into the duodenum, it is fixed on the side of the duodenum through a first double nodule. The second catheter is located outside the rat, and bile can be collected at the second catheter. This conforms to the physiological structure of the rat, is not easy to fall off after fixation, meets the needs of long-term periodic bile collection, and meets the requirements of animal welfare.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the components that are the same as those in Embodiment 1 are referred to by the same reference numerals as those in Embodiment 1, and include all the features described in Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the second catheter 3 includes a first sub-catheter 31, a second double tubercle 32, a second sub-catheter 33, a third double tubercle 34, and a third sub-catheter 35. The first sub-catheter 31, the second double tubercle 32, the second sub-catheter 33, the third double tubercle 34, and the third sub-catheter 35 are connected sequentially, through which bile can flow.

[0037] The surgical procedure for bile duct cannulation and implantation of bile duct catheters in rats is as follows: Surgical openings are made in the abdomen and back of the rat. The first catheter 1 is inserted into the rat's common bile duct through the abdomen, and a single tubercle 2 is fixed outside the common bile duct. The first sub-catheter 31 is passed from the abdomen to the back, and a second double tubercle 32 is fixed to the back muscles. The second sub-catheter 33 remains in place on the back. The third sub-catheter 35 is passed from the back to the abdomen, and inserted into the rat's duodenum through the abdomen, with a first double tubercle 4 fixed to the duodenum. The third double tubercle 34 is adjusted to a suitable position and fixed to the back muscles. The second sub-catheter 33 remains in place on the back, outside the rat's body. After surgery, bile can be periodically collected from the second sub-catheter 33 while the experimental animal is awake.

[0038] Specifically, the second double tubercle 32 is fixed to the dorsal muscle by binding the dorsal muscle and the second double tubercle 32 together with sutures, the sutures being wrapped around and fixed in the middle of the second double tubercle 32. After fixation, one tubercle of the second double tubercle 32 is located outside the rat and the other tubercle is located inside the rat. The method for fixing the third double tubercle 34 to the dorsal muscle is the same and will not be described again here. Thus, multiple parts of the rat bile duct duct can be better fixed inside the rat, with only the second subduct 33 located outside the rat, reducing the impact on the rat's daily activities.

[0039] Preferably, the inner diameter of the first sub-catheter 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second sub-catheter 33. The inner diameter of the first sub-catheter 31 is comparable to the inner diameter of the first catheter 1. When bile flows out from the first catheter 1, the first sub-catheter 31 and the second sub-catheter 33, the fluid pressure in the second sub-catheter 33 can be reduced, making it easier to control bile collection.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, after the first catheter is inserted into the common bile duct, it is fixed on the side of the common bile duct through a single nodule. After the third catheter is inserted into the duodenum, it is fixed on the side of the duodenum through a first double nodule. The second catheter is located outside the rat, and bile can be collected at the second catheter. This conforms to the physiological structure of the rat, is not easy to fall off after fixation, meets the needs of long-term periodic bile collection, and meets the requirements of animal welfare.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] In the embodiments of the present invention, the components that are the same as those in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 are referred to by the same reference numerals as those in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and include all the features described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 2As shown, the experimental apparatus includes the rat bile duct catheter, implanter, and syringe described in Example 1 or Example 2. The implanter serves as a transfer point between the rat bile duct catheter and the external environment, and has an interface with other components, such as the syringe. The syringe is connected to a second catheter 3 through the implanter to extract bile at the second catheter 3, or the syringe is connected to the second catheter 3 through the implanter to supply artificial bile, medication, nutrients, etc., to the duodenum.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, after the first catheter is inserted into the common bile duct, it is fixed on the side of the common bile duct through a single nodule. After the third catheter is inserted into the duodenum, it is fixed on the side of the duodenum through a first double nodule. The second catheter is located outside the rat, and bile can be collected at the second catheter. This conforms to the physiological structure of the rat, is not easy to fall off after fixation, meets the needs of long-term periodic bile collection, and meets the requirements of animal welfare.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] In the embodiments of the present invention, the components that are the same as those in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 are referred to by the same reference numerals as those in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and include all the features described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the experimental setup includes the rat bile duct catheter, implanter, and bile circulator described in Example 1 or Example 2. The implanter serves as a transfer point between the rat bile duct catheter and the external environment, and has interfaces on it for other components, such as the bile circulator. The bile circulator is connected to the second catheter 3 via the implanter, forming a closed-loop bile flow channel.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, after the first catheter is inserted into the common bile duct, it is fixed to the side of the common bile duct via a single nodule. After the third catheter is inserted into the duodenum, it is fixed to the side of the duodenum via a first double nodule. The second catheter is located outside the rat's body, allowing bile to be collected at the second catheter. This design conforms to the physiological structure of the rat, is not easily dislodged after fixation, meets the needs of long-term periodic bile collection, and complies with animal welfare requirements. When bile collection is not required, a closed-loop bile flow channel from the common bile duct to the duodenum maintains the rat's normal physiological functions and does not affect its daily activities.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rat bile duct duct, comprising: First catheter (1); A single nodule (2) connected to the first catheter (1); A second catheter (3) connected to the single nodule (2); The first double nodule (4) connected to the second catheter (3); and A third catheter (5) connected to the first double nodule (4); The first catheter (1), the single nodule (2), the second catheter (3), the first double nodule (4), and the third catheter (5) are connected in sequence. The first catheter (1) is inserted into the common bile duct and fixed by the single nodule (2). Specifically, after the first catheter (1) is inserted into the common bile duct, the single nodule (2) is located outside the common bile duct. The common bile duct and the single nodule (2) are fixed together by sutures. The third catheter (5) is inserted into the duodenum and fixed by the first double nodule (4). Specifically, after the third catheter (5) is inserted into the duodenum, the duodenum is tied with a purse-string knot by sutures, so that the nodule of the first double nodule (4) close to the third catheter (5) is inside the duodenum, and the nodule of the first double nodule (4) far from the third catheter (5) is outside the duodenum. Bile is taken at the second catheter (3).

2. The rat bile duct catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first catheter (1) is 5 mm long.

3. The rat bile duct catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the first conduit (1) is 0.31 mm.

4. The rat bile duct catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third catheter (5) is 8 mm long.

5. The rat bile duct catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the third conduit (5) is 0.61 mm.

6. The rat bile duct catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple small holes are provided on the third conduit (5).

7. The rat bile duct catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second catheter (3) includes a first sub-catheter (31), a second double nodule (32), a second sub-catheter (33), a third double nodule (34), and a third sub-catheter (35); The second double tubercle (32) and the third double tubercle (34) are fixed to the back muscles, and the second sub-duct (33) is located outside the rat, at which bile is collected.

8. The rat bile duct catheter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the first sub-catheter (31) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second sub-catheter (33).

9. An experimental apparatus, characterized in that, Includes the rat bile duct catheter, implantation device, and syringe as described in any one of claims 1-8; The syringe is connected to the second catheter (3) via the implant, and bile is extracted at the second catheter (3).

10. An experimental apparatus, characterized in that, Includes the rat bile duct catheter, implantation device, and bile circulation device as described in any one of claims 1-8; The bile circulator is connected to the second conduit (3) via the implant, forming a closed-loop bile flow channel.

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