An automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator

Abstract

An automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator includes a drill collar, an upper support frame is provided above the drill collar, a first tool control shaft is provided in the upper support frame, a lower support frame is provided below the drill collar, a second tool control shaft is provided in the lower support frame, and an electronic compartment, a generator, and a turbine are sequentially connected between the first tool control shaft and the second tool control shaft; when vertical drilling operations are carried out, a drilling pump at the wellhead pumps high-pressure drilling fluid into the well through the drill string; when the drilling fluid flushes the turbine, the turbine drives the generator rotor to rotate, thereby generating a rotating magnetic field; the outer winding wire of the generator stator cuts the magnetic flux lines to generate an induced current, which is introduced into the electronic compartment to operate the electronic equipment in the electronic compartment; while the generator generates the induced current, it generates an electromagnetic torque on the winding to control the movement of the second tool control shaft and correct the wellbore trajectory; the device has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, low cost, and good practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an automatic vertical drilling tool, in particular to an automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator. Background Art

[0002] During the exploration and development of oil and gas fields, the formation structure is complex. The automatic vertical drilling tool is an integrated electromechanical and hydraulic intelligent closed-loop directional drilling device that can automatically and effectively control the well inclination and ensure that the drill bit always drills in the vertical direction. While ensuring the quality of the wellbore, it can effectively increase the mechanical drilling speed, release the drilling pressure, and reduce drilling costs. It is widely used. Automatic vertical drilling tools can be divided into mechanical and electronically controlled types according to the structural form of the stable platform. Mechanical tools have a simple structure, low maintenance costs, low sealing requirements for the tool, high reliability, strong resistance to high temperature and high pressure, and can withstand strong vibration and impact. However, their control accuracy is low, and the trajectory of the wellbore drilled by the tool is poor. Electronically controlled tools have high control accuracy and the trajectory of the wellbore drilled by the tool is good; however, they have high sealing requirements for the tool, poor resistance to high temperature and high pressure, complex structure, and high subsequent maintenance costs.

[0003] Currently, automated vertical drilling tools using electronically controlled stabilized platforms are driven by two turbine generators, one above the other, rotating in opposite directions. These turbines generate two opposing electromagnetic torques. When the drilling fluid flow rate is fixed, the electromagnetic torque generated by the upper turbine generator remains relatively constant. By controlling the electromagnetic torque of the lower turbine generator, the tool shaft's motion is controlled bidirectionally. The turbine generator is the tool's most vulnerable component, and automated vertical drilling tools using two turbine generators have low reliability.

[0004] Patent application CN215443928U discloses a supporting device for oil and gas drilling, specifically a mechatronic automatic vertical drilling tool. The tool's turbine generator is mounted within a mounting housing and attached to an upper support shaft via bearings. A skew weight is attached to a middle support shaft, which is then connected to a stepper motor. The vertical drilling tool generates electricity using the turbine generator, which then supplies the measurement and control components and stepper motor. The skew weight and stepper motor drive the upper disc valve to rotate at a constant speed, or align the through-hole of the upper disc valve with the high side of the wellbore, allowing drilling fluid to push against the corresponding push-on ribs, ensuring the drill bit maintains vertical drilling. This results in good stability, but the drive structure is complex, resulting in high operating and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to propose an automatic vertical drilling device based on turbine generator drive. By reducing the number of generators, the reliability of the automatic vertical drilling tool can be improved. The driving structure is simple, and the use cost and replacement cost of the generator are reduced, which is conducive to shortening the axial length of the automatic vertical drilling tool, further meeting the efficiency requirements of vertical drilling operations, and utilizing the single electromagnetic torque generated by a single turbine generator to perform unidirectional control on the tool control axis.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator includes a drill collar 1, an upper support frame 2 is provided above the drill collar 1, and a first tool control shaft 17 is connected to the inner side of the upper support frame 2, a lower support frame 6 is provided below the drill collar 1, and a second tool control shaft 12 is connected to the inner side of the lower support frame 6, and an electronic warehouse 3, a generator 4, and a turbine 5 that are interconnected are provided between the first tool control shaft 17 and the second tool control shaft 12 in sequence, the bottom end of the second tool control shaft 12 is connected to the upper disc valve 7, the upper disc valve 7 is frictionally connected to the lower disc valve 8, and the bottom of the lower disc valve 8 is rigidly connected to the inner bottom wall of the drill collar 1; a sliding sleeve 9 is also provided on the lower outer wall of the drill collar 1, and a pushing rib 10 is placed in the sliding sleeve 9.

[0008] The generator 4 includes a stator 13 and a rotor 14 connected coaxially. The stator 13 is surrounded by a winding 15. A plurality of permanent magnets 16 are embedded inside the rotor 14. A gap is left between the winding 15 and the permanent magnets 16. The axial lengths of the winding 15 and the permanent magnets 16 are adapted to each other. The stator 13 and the rotor 14 rotate relative to each other to generate an induced current.

[0009] The top end of the stator 13 is rigidly connected to the bottom end of the electronic compartment 3 , and the bottom end of the stator 13 passes through the rotor 14 and is rigidly connected to the top end of the second tool control shaft 12 .

[0010] A mud flow channel 11 is provided inside the bottom end of the drill collar 1 .

[0011] The upper valve 7 is provided with an arc hole 18, and the lower valve 8 is provided with connecting holes 19 adapted to the arc hole 18 at equal angles and intervals. The bottom end of the connecting hole 19 is connected to the mud flow channel 11 inside the bottom end of the drill collar 1.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0013] Turbogenerators operate in harsh environments of high temperature and pressure, and are exposed to long periods of high-pressure drilling fluid containing solid particles. This causes severe wear and tear on the turbine and its sealing components, necessitating periodic replacement. The present invention, through the use of a single turbine generator, reduces the number of replacement components and drilling costs.

[0014] The friction torque of the generator support bearing will affect the control accuracy of the tool face angle of the stable platform. The present invention reduces the number of turbine generators to reduce the influence of the bearing friction torque on the control accuracy of the tool face angle.

[0015] The turbine generator is the weakest link of the automatic vertical drilling tool. The present invention improves the reliability of the tool by reducing the number of turbine generators.

[0016] Conventional automatic vertical drilling tools use two turbine generators to implement bidirectional control of the tool control shaft, while the present invention uses one turbine generator to implement unidirectional control of the tool control shaft (one turbine generator is about 0.7 meters long), shortening the axial length of the automatic vertical drilling tool and improving the rigidity of the tool control shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of .

[0019] Figure 3 4 is a cross-sectional view of the generator 4 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection between the stator 13 and the electron chamber 3 of the generator 4 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection between the stator 13 and the second tool control shaft 12 of the generator 4 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper disc valve 7 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower disc valve 8 of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. drill collar, 2. upper support frame, 3. electronic compartment, 4. generator, 5. turbine, 6. lower support frame, 7. upper disc valve, 8. lower disc valve, 9. sliding sleeve, 10. push rib, 11. mud flow channel, 12. first tool control shaft; 13. generator stator; 14. generator rotor; 15. winding; 16. permanent magnet; 17. second tool control shaft; 18. arc hole; 19. connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] See also Figure 1 、 2An automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator includes a drill collar 1, an upper support frame 2 is provided on the upper part of the drill collar 1, and a first tool control shaft 17 is connected to the inner side of the upper support frame 2, a lower support frame 6 is provided on the lower part of the drill collar 1, and a second tool control shaft 12 is connected to the inner side of the lower support frame 6, and an electronic warehouse 3, a generator 4, and a turbine 5 that are interconnected are provided between the first tool control shaft 17 and the second tool control shaft 12 in sequence, the bottom end of the second tool control shaft 12 is connected to the upper disc valve 7, the upper disc valve 7 is frictionally connected to the lower disc valve 8, and the bottom of the lower disc valve 8 is rigidly connected to the inner bottom wall of the drill collar 1; a sliding sleeve 9 is also provided on the lower outer wall of the drill collar 1, and a pushing rib 10 is placed in the sliding sleeve 9.

[0027] See also Figures 3 to 5 The generator 4 includes a stator 13 and a rotor 14 connected coaxially. The stator 13 is surrounded by a winding 15. A plurality of permanent magnets 16 are embedded inside the rotor 14. There is a gap between the winding 15 and the permanent magnet 16. The axial lengths of the winding 15 and the permanent magnet 16 are adapted to each other.

[0028] The stator 13 and the rotor 14 rotate relative to each other, generating an induced current; the drilling fluid flushes the turbine 5, and the turbine 5 transmits the power of the drilling fluid to the rotor 14 of the generator 4. The relative rotation of the rotor 14 and the stator 13 of the generator 4 generates current, which enables the electronic equipment in the electronic compartment 3 to operate normally; in the process of generating current, the generator 4 also generates an electromagnetic torque acting on the winding 15. This electromagnetic torque acts on the second tool control shaft 12 through the winding 15 of the generator 4. By controlling the electromagnetic torque generated by the generator 4, the rotation of the tool control shaft 12 is unidirectionally controlled, thereby controlling the high-pressure mud to flow to the high side of the wellbore, pushing the pushing rib 10, and the pushing rib 10 acts on the well wall, providing the drill bit with a pushing force pointing to the low side of the wellbore, thereby realizing the deflection correction operation.

[0029] The top end of the stator 13 is rigidly connected to the bottom end of the electronic compartment 3 , and the bottom end of the stator 13 passes through the rotor 14 and is rigidly connected to the top end of the second tool control shaft 12 .

[0030] See also Figure 1 A mud flow channel 11 is opened inside the bottom end of the drill collar 1.

[0031] The upper valve 7 is provided with an arc hole 18, and the lower valve 8 is provided with connecting holes 19 adapted to the arc hole 18 at equal angles and intervals. The bottom end of the connecting hole 19 is connected to the mud flow channel 11 inside the bottom end of the drill collar 1.

[0032] The electrical and control connections of this device are conventional technologies and are not within the scope of the description required for protection by the present invention.

[0033] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0034] See also Figure 1When vertical drilling is performed, the drilling pump at the wellhead pumps high-pressure drilling fluid into the well through the drill string. When the drilling fluid flushes the turbine 5, the turbine 5 drives the generator rotor 14 to rotate, thereby generating a rotating magnetic field.

[0035] The generator stator 13 is equipped with windings. When the winding wires cut the magnetic flux lines, an induced current will be generated. The induced current is guided into the electronic compartment 3 through the wires to ensure normal operation of the electronic equipment in the electronic compartment 3.

[0036] When the generator 4 generates induced current, it will generate electromagnetic torque on the winding. This torque acts on the second tool control shaft 12 through the generator stator 13, controlling the size of the electromagnetic torque and thus controlling the first tool control shaft, the second tool control shaft and the electronic warehouse to rotate together.

[0037] When the wellbore trajectory requires deflection correction, the electromagnetic torque generated by the generator 4 is controlled to cause the second tool control shaft 12 to align the upper disc valve 7 aperture with the high side of the wellbore. High-pressure drilling fluid flows through the apertures of the upper disc valve 7 and the lower disc valve 8, acting on the push ribs 10, causing the push ribs 10 on the high side of the wellbore to extend and act on the wellbore wall, providing a push force for the drill bit directed toward the low side of the wellbore, and utilizing this push force to achieve deflection correction. When the wellbore trajectory is favorable and deflection stabilization is required, the electromagnetic torque generated by the generator 4 is controlled to cause the second tool control shaft 12 and the upper disc valve 7 to rotate at a uniform speed. The arc-shaped holes 18 of the upper disc valve 7 are sequentially aligned with the various connecting holes 19 of the lower disc valve 8. High-pressure drilling fluid flows through the connecting holes 19 of the lower disc valve 8, acting on the push ribs 10 in sequence, causing them to extend and act on the wellbore wall, and utilizing the generated push force to achieve deflection stabilization.

[0038] The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that variations and modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. Such variations and modifications should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention and will not affect the practicality of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator, comprising a drill collar (1), characterized in that: An upper support frame (2) is provided on the upper part of the drill collar (1), and a first tool control shaft (17) is connected to the inner side of the upper support frame (2). A lower support frame (6) is provided on the lower part of the drill collar (1), and a second tool control shaft (12) is connected to the inner side of the lower support frame (6). An electronic warehouse (3), a generator (4), and a turbine (5) connected to each other are provided in sequence between the first tool control shaft (17) and the second tool control shaft (12). The bottom end of the second tool control shaft (12) is connected to an upper disc valve (7), and the upper disc valve (7) is frictionally connected to a lower disc valve (8). The bottom of the lower disc valve (8) is rigidly connected to the inner bottom wall of the drill collar (1). The outer wall below the drill collar (1) is also provided with a A sliding sleeve (9) is provided with a pushing rib (10) in the sliding sleeve (9); the generator (4) includes a coaxially connected stator (13) and a rotor (14), the outer periphery of the stator (13) is surrounded by a winding (15), and a plurality of permanent magnets (16) are embedded in the inner side of the rotor (14), a gap is left between the winding (15) and the permanent magnet (16), and the axial lengths of the winding (15) and the permanent magnet (16) are adapted to each other; the stator (13) and the rotor (14) rotate relative to each other to generate an induced current; the top end of the stator (13) is rigidly connected to the bottom of the electron chamber (3), and the bottom end of the stator (13) passes through the rotor (14) and is rigidly connected to the top end of the second tool control shaft (12).

2. The automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slurry flow channel (11) is provided inside the bottom end of the drill collar (1).

3. The automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper disc valve (7) is provided with an arc hole (18), and the lower disc valve (8) is provided with communication holes (19) adapted to the arc hole (18) at equal angles and intervals, and the bottom end of the communication hole (19) is correspondingly connected to the internal mud flow channel (11) at the bottom end of the drill collar (1).

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