Lead laying mechanism, medical self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of lead laying mechanism, medical self-help intelligent electrocardiogram bed and method, including horizontal moving mechanism, horizontal moving mechanism is connected with lifting mechanism, lifting mechanism is connected with support component, support component is installed with multiple lead assembly, lead assembly includes electrode, the surface of one side of electrode is used to stick skin, the surface of other side is fixed with elastic capsule, electrode is fixed with the one end of cable, the other end of cable is connected with control system through elastic capsule, cable is connected with cable take-up assembly installed in support component, one side of elastic capsule is equipped with extrusion piece, extrusion piece is connected with extrusion piece drive assembly installed in support component, lead laying mechanism and medical electrocardiogram bed using the present application avoid the risk of cross infection between doctor and patient and infectious disease, greatly reduce the labor intensity of medical staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a lead mechanism, a medical self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed, and a method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Currently, when electrocardiographs are used clinically, medical staff need to manually connect the electrodes of the electrocardiograph to the body parts of the patient being tested. The inventor discovered that this method has the following drawbacks:

[0004] (1) Manual lead operation requires close contact between medical staff and patients, increasing the risk of cross-infection of infectious diseases between medical staff and patients, especially during periods of high incidence of infectious diseases, which poses a threat to social safety and stability.

[0005] (2) Since multiple leads need to be placed on the body of the person to be tested, medical staff have to manually operate them one by one, which greatly increases the workload of medical staff.

[0006] (3) At present, almost all departments in medical work include electrocardiogram (ECG) examinations. ECG examinations are routinely performed before employment, childcare, schooling, military service, and special work or special tasks. However, routine ECG examinations (except for emergency cases) must be completed manually during working hours. With a normal working time of 8 hours per day, some heart disease patients cannot use an ECG machine to monitor their heart when arrhythmias occur outside of normal working hours. If they come to the hospital, they may miss the time of the attack and fail to capture the abnormal heartbeat in time, thus delaying the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

[0007] A self-service electrocardiogram (ECG) testing device is currently disclosed, comprising a base, a hollow support rod vertically fixed to the base, a detector disposed within the base, a foot ECG detection component disposed on the base and electrically connected to the detector, a chest ECG lead mechanism disposed in the middle of the support rod and electrically connected to the detector, a hand ECG lead mechanism disposed in the middle of the support rod and electrically connected to the detector, and a display screen disposed at the top of the support rod and electrically connected to the detector. When using this self-service ECG testing device, the patient or ordinary testing personnel only need to stand on the base, place their feet on the foot ECG detection component, remove the chest ECG lead mechanism from the support rod and place it over the chest cavity, and connect the hand ECG lead mechanism to their hand. The detector can then acquire the patient's or ordinary testing personnel's ECG and display the ECG and corresponding test data on the display screen. This disclosed technology can save manpower, allowing patients with mild symptoms to perform electrocardiograms themselves, avoiding contact with medical staff. However, the inventors have discovered the following problems: it is suitable for standing measurements, and the accuracy of the electrocardiogram is difficult to guarantee because skin tremors interfere with the electrodes. Furthermore, it requires the patient to perform the lead placement operation, which requires them to have a certain level of basic knowledge of electrocardiogram measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Firstly, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a lead-laying mechanism that can automatically lay electrode leads on the skin of the human body, thereby replacing the operation of medical staff, avoiding contact between medical staff and patients, greatly reducing the chance of cross-infection between medical staff and patients, and reducing the labor input of medical staff, saving manpower and reducing the labor expenditure of medical staff.

[0009] Secondly, this invention provides a medical self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed, which enables individuals to perform electrocardiogram examinations independently. It can be extended to densely populated public places, making it convenient for people in need to perform electrocardiogram examinations at any time.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0011] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a lead placement mechanism, including a horizontal moving mechanism connected to a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism connected to a support component, the support component being equipped with a plurality of lead assemblies, each lead assembly including an electrode, one side surface of the electrode being used to adhere to the skin, and the other side surface being fixed with an elastic capsule, the electrode being fixed to one end of a cable, the other end of the cable passing through the elastic capsule and connected to an electrocardiogram host, the cable being connected to a cable take-up and take-down assembly installed on the support component, and a squeezing member being provided on one side of the elastic capsule, the squeezing member being connected to a squeezing member drive assembly installed on the support component.

[0012] Optionally, the cable winding and unwinding mechanism includes a first conveyor wheel and a second conveyor wheel, which clamp the cable. The first conveyor wheel and / or the second conveyor wheel are connected to the cable winding and unwinding drive component, which is fixed to the support component.

[0013] Optionally, the first and second transmission wheels have grooves on their surfaces, and the cable is placed in the groove. The groove surface is provided with a rubber pad, and the cable contacts the rubber pad.

[0014] Optionally, the elastic capsule adopts a spherical or ellipsoidal crown structure, and correspondingly, the extruded component adopts a conical cover, with the end of the conical cover with a larger area facing the elastic capsule.

[0015] Optionally, the extrusion member drive assembly includes a release drive member fixed to the support member, the release drive member being connected to a gear, the gear meshing with a rack, the rack being slidably connected to the support member, and the rack being connected to the extrusion member through a connector.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a medical self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed, including the lead placement mechanism described in the first aspect, and a bed body. First supports capable of moving along the length of the bed body are provided on both sides of the bed body. A lead placement mechanism, designated as the first lead placement mechanism, is installed at the top of the first supports for placing leads on chest electrodes. The number of its lead components matches the number of chest detection points. A second lead placement mechanism, designated as the second lead placement mechanism, is also provided below the bed board of the bed body for placing leads on back electrodes. The number of its lead components matches the number of back detection points. The second lead placement mechanism is connected to the second support capable of moving along the length of the bed body. The bed board of the bed body has openings matching the second lead placement mechanism. An image acquisition element connected to a control system is also installed at the rear of the bed body. The image acquisition element can transmit the acquired image of the person to be tested to the control system, and the control system can identify the electrode placement position based on the image.

[0017] Optionally, the two sides of the bed board of the bed are slidably connected to a wrist guide mechanism, and the rear of the bed is slidably connected to an ankle guide mechanism. Both the wrist guide mechanism and the ankle guide mechanism include a first latch and a second latch. Both the first latch and the second latch are provided with electrodes. The first latch and the second latch are connected to a clamping drive assembly so that the first latch and the second latch can open and close.

[0018] Optionally, the bed body is equipped with supports at the tail and the bottom. A speaker is installed on the tail support and is connected to the control system. The control system can send voice prompts to the person being tested through the speaker. An electrocardiogram (ECG) host is placed on the bottom support and is connected to the control system. The control system can directly send control commands to the ECG host.

[0019] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for operating a medical self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The image acquisition element acquires images of the person to be inspected on the bed and transmits them to the control system;

[0021] The control system determines the target location where electrodes need to be laid on the person being inspected based on the acquired images.

[0022] The control system controls the first and second lead laying mechanisms to work according to the target position where the electrode needs to be laid, so as to lay the electrode at the target position.

[0023] Optionally, the method for obtaining the target location where the electrodes need to be laid is as follows:

[0024] Collect images of the person to be tested while on the bed;

[0025] Based on the relative positional relationship between the image acquisition element and the bed, the effective area M is determined in the image;

[0026] Obtain the human body region within the effective region M, realize foreground segmentation of the human body target in the image plane, and extract the human body foreground region;

[0027] Edge extraction is performed on the extracted human foreground region to extract the head contour, determine the head center point and obtain the left and right shoulder vertices; based on the current position information of the human head center point and the left and right shoulder vertices, the left and right chest regions of the human body are obtained.

[0028] Based on the extracted position information of the center point of the human head and the top points of the left and right shoulders on the image plane, the corresponding point cloud data information is obtained. Based on the distance information between the points measured by the point cloud data, the height of the human body is obtained.

[0029] Feature detection and extraction are performed on the original images corresponding to the left and right chest regions of the human body to obtain the human breast region;

[0030] Using three-dimensional point cloud data of the human breast region, the placement positions of each electrode in the chest are calculated;

[0031] The placement of electrodes on the back is calculated based on the placement of electrodes on the chest.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0033] 1. The lead laying mechanism of the present invention can adjust the position of the lead assembly through a horizontal moving mechanism to align it with the area to be tested. The cable winding mechanism can drive the elastic capsule toward the extruder, so that the extruder squeezes the elastic capsule. The lifting mechanism drives the squeezed elastic capsule toward the area to be tested on the human body, so that the electrode is attached to the skin surface of the area to be tested. The release drive can drive the extruder to move, so that it is detached from the elastic capsule. The elastic capsule returns to its initial shape under the action of its own material tension, and a negative pressure is formed inside, so that the electrode is adsorbed and fixed on the skin surface of the human body, thus completing the lead laying work. The whole process does not require manual operation by medical staff, avoiding contact between medical staff and the person being tested, thereby avoiding the risk of cross-infection of infectious diseases between medical staff and patients, and reducing the labor intensity of medical staff.

[0034] 2. In the cable laying mechanism of the present invention, the first and second transmission wheels are provided with grooves on their surfaces and the cable is clamped by rubber pads, which increases the friction between the first and second transmission wheels and the cable, ensuring smooth cable delivery and preventing slippage.

[0035] 3. In the lead laying mechanism of the present invention, the extruder adopts a conical cover and the elastic capsule adopts a spherical crown-shaped structure or an ellipsoidal crown-shaped structure, which can ensure the smoothness when the extruder contacts the elastic capsule.

[0036] 4. The medical electrocardiogram (ECG) bed of the present invention is equipped with an image acquisition element and a speaker at the rear of the bed. The speaker can guide the person being tested to lie on the bed in the correct posture. Through the image acquisition element, combined with the built-in algorithm of the control system, the electrode placement position can be automatically identified based on the image, and the electrode placement can be automatically completed at these positions. The ECG host can be automatically controlled to collect waveform data, thereby realizing the self-use of the ECG bed. This allows patients to monitor their own ECG, thus realizing ECG monitoring during non-working hours, avoiding delays in treatment for patients, reducing the workload of medical staff, and can also be extended to densely populated public places, making it convenient for people in need to conduct ECG examinations at any time.

[0037] 5. The medical electrocardiogram bed of the present invention has a bed body. The first and second lead mechanisms can be moved to a set position by moving the first and second supports. Compared with existing self-service electrocardiogram monitoring devices, the person being tested can lie on the bed to perform electrocardiogram monitoring, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lead laying mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lead assembly structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bed structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second lead laying mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the wrist lead mechanism structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the ankle lead mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0047] The components include: 1. Horizontal movement mechanism, 2. Lifting mechanism, 3. Support component, 4. Lead assembly, 4-1. Cable, 4-2. Ring electrode, 4-3. Elastic capsule, 4-4. First transmission wheel, 4-5. Second transmission wheel, 4-6. Third motor, 4-7. Fourth motor, 4-8. Gear, 4-9. Rack, 4-10. Connecting cylinder, 5. ECG host, 6. Bed body, 7. Support plate, 7-1. Outer guide groove, 7-2. Inner guide groove, 8. First bracket, 9. Walking wheel, 10. Second bracket, 11. Opening, 12. Guide assembly, 13. Wrist lead mechanism, 14. Guide groove, 15. Ankle lead mechanism, 16. Second slide rail, 17. Bracket, 17-1. First support, 17-2. Second support, 18. RGB-D camera, 19. Industrial computer, 20. Speaker, 21. ID card reader, 22. Interactive display screen. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This embodiment provides a lead laying mechanism, such as Figures 1-3As shown, it includes a horizontal moving mechanism 1, which is connected to a lifting mechanism 2 and can drive the lifting mechanism 2 to move in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the output movement direction of the horizontal moving mechanism 1 is defined as the first direction. The lifting mechanism 2 is connected to a support component 3 and can drive the support component 3 to move in the vertical direction. Multiple sets of lead components 4 are installed on the support component 3. The lead components 4 are used to attach and fix the electrodes to the corresponding skin surface of the human body. The number of lead components 4 is the same as the number of positions where the electrodes are to be attached.

[0050] The horizontal moving mechanism 1 adopts a first lead screw transmission mechanism, including a horizontal slide rail arranged horizontally. A first motor is fixed at one end of the horizontal slide rail. The output shaft of the first motor is connected to one end of a lead screw arranged horizontally on the axis. The other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to a bearing seat fixed on the horizontal slide rail. A lead screw slider is threaded onto the lead screw and is connected to the lifting mechanism.

[0051] The lifting mechanism 2 includes a vertical slide rail, which is fixedly connected to the lead screw and slider of the horizontal moving mechanism. A second motor is fixed at the top of the vertical slider. The output shaft of the second motor is connected to one end of the lead screw, which is set vertically along the axis. The other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to a bearing seat, which is fixed on the vertical slide rail. The lead screw is threadedly connected to the support component 3. When the lead screw rotates, it can drive the support component 3 to move vertically up and down.

[0052] In this implementation, the lead laying mechanism is used to lay leads on the electrodes in the chest. Nine sets of lead components 4 are set on the support component as needed. The positions of the nine sets of lead components 4 are set according to the positions where the electrodes need to be attached during human electrocardiogram testing.

[0053] The lead assembly 4 includes a cable 4-1, one end of which is connected to the ECG host 5 for transmitting electrical signals measured by the electrodes, and the other end of which is connected to the electrodes. In this embodiment, the ECG host 5 adopts an eighteen-lead configuration.

[0054] In this embodiment, the electrode is a ring electrode 4-2, one side of which is used to attach to the surface of human skin, and the other side is connected to an elastic capsule 4-3.

[0055] In this embodiment, the elastic capsule 4-3 adopts a spherical or ellipsoidal crown structure. The end face of its larger open end is fixed to the annular electrode 4-2. The elastic capsule 4-3 is made of rubber. The annular electrode 4-2 and the elastic capsule 4-3 are coaxially arranged, and the difference between the inner and outer diameters of the annular electrode 4-2 is greater than the wall thickness of the elastic capsule 4-3. The top of the elastic capsule 4-3 is provided with an opening, and the cable 4-1 passes through the opening and exits the elastic capsule 4-3. The diameter of the opening is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the cable 4-1, so that the elastic capsule 4-3 and the cable 4-1 can be sealed.

[0056] A cable winding and unwinding assembly is installed on the support component 3. The cable winding and unwinding assembly includes a first conveyor wheel 4-4 and a second conveyor wheel 4-5. The first conveyor wheel 4-4 and the second conveyor wheel 4-5 clamp the cable 4-1. The first conveyor wheel 4-4 is connected to the cable winding and unwinding drive component. In this embodiment, the cable winding and unwinding drive component is a third motor 4-6. The housing of the third motor 4-6 is fixed on the support component 3. The output shaft of the third motor 4-6 is connected to the first conveyor wheel 4-4. The second conveyor wheel 4-5 is rotatably connected to a wheel axle, which is fixed on the support component 3. In this embodiment, the first conveyor wheel 4-4 can rotate under the action of the third motor 4-6, and the cable 4-1 is wound and unwound by utilizing the friction of the cable 4-1. The second conveyor wheel 4-5 rotates in the opposite direction to the first conveyor wheel 4-4 under the action of friction.

[0057] In this embodiment, the third motor 4-6 is a stepper motor. During implementation, the number of steps of the stepper motor can be used to roughly calculate the length of the transmitted cable. Alternatively, an encoder can be added to the output shaft of the stepper motor to achieve real-time monitoring of the cable length.

[0058] To prevent cable 4-1 from detaching between the first conveyor wheel 4-4 and the second conveyor wheel 4-5, grooves are provided on the surfaces of the first conveyor wheel 4-4 and the second conveyor wheel 4-5. The size of the grooves matches the diameter of the cable. The cable is placed in the grooves, which are used for positioning. To ensure smooth winding and unwinding of cable 4-1 and prevent slippage, rubber pads are placed in the grooves. The first conveyor wheel 4-4 and the second conveyor wheel 4-5 contact cable 4-1 through the rubber pads, increasing the friction between them. In addition, to protect cable 4-1, a rubber tube can be fitted around its outer periphery. The rubber tube further increases the friction between the first conveyor wheel 4-4, the second conveyor wheel 4-5, and cable 4-1.

[0059] An extrusion member is provided above the elastic capsule 4-3. In this embodiment, the extrusion member is a conical cover 4-11, with the larger open end of the conical cover 4-11 facing the elastic capsule 4-3. The larger end of the conical cover 4-11 has an area larger than the maximum area of ​​the elastic capsule 4-3, and the smaller end has an area smaller than the maximum area of ​​the elastic capsule 4-3. The conical cover 4-11 is a conical cover, which ensures smoothness when the conical cover contacts the elastic capsule.

[0060] The extruder is connected to the extruder drive assembly, which can drive the extruder to move. Specifically, the extruder drive assembly includes a fourth motor 4-7, the motor housing of which is fixed on the support member 3. The output shaft of the fourth motor 4-7 is connected to a gear 4-8, which meshes with a rack 4-9 arranged vertically. The support member 3 is provided with a guide groove, and the rack 4-9 is slidably connected to the support member 3 through the guide groove, enabling it to move vertically. The bottom end of the rack 4-9 is fixed to the smaller end of the conical cover through a connector, enabling it to drive the conical cover to move.

[0061] In this embodiment, the connector is a connecting cylinder 4-10. The top end of the connecting cylinder 4-10 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rack 4-9, and the bottom end of the connecting cylinder 4-10 is fixedly connected to the smaller end of the conical cover 4-11. One end of the cable 4-1 is connected to the annular electrode 4-2, and the other end passes through the elastic capsule 4-3, the conical cover 4-11, the connecting cylinder 4-10, and the rack 4-9 in sequence before connecting to the electrocardiogram host 5. The rack 4-9 also guides the cable 4-1's extension and retraction. The connecting cylinder 4-10 also has holes on its wall for the first transmission wheel 4-4 and the second transmission wheel 4-5 to clamp the cable 4-1.

[0062] In this embodiment, among the nine lead components 4, the axes of eight lead components, namely the elastic capsule 4-3, the annular electrode 4-2, the conical cover 4-11, and the connecting cylinder 4-10, are arranged vertically.

[0063] Its working principle is as follows:

[0064] The lifting mechanism 2 drives the support component 3 to move to the set position. The output shaft of the third motor 4-6 rotates in the forward direction, and drives the cable 4-1 to take in the wire through the first transmission wheel 4-4 and the second transmission wheel 4-5. The ring electrode 4-2 and the elastic capsule 4-3 move toward the conical cover 4-11 until they come into contact with the conical cover 4-11. Due to the size difference between the two, the elastic capsule 4-3 deforms under the squeezing force of the conical cover 4-11, and the internal space becomes smaller.

[0065] When the fourth motor 4-7 is working, the gear 4-8 drives the rack 4-9 to move downward, which in turn drives the connector, the conical cover 4-11, the elastic capsule 4-3 and the annular electrode 4-2 to move downward until the annular electrode 4-2 is attached to the surface of human skin.

[0066] After the annular electrode 4-2 is attached to the surface of human skin, the fourth motor 4-7 and the third motor 4-6 rotate in opposite directions. The first transmission wheel 4-4 and the second transmission wheel 4-5 apply a downward frictional force to the cable, keeping the electrode in contact with the human skin. At the same time, the fourth motor 4-7 drives the rack 4-9 to move upward, and the conical cover 4-11 disengages from the elastic capsule 4-3. The tension of the elastic capsule 4-3 is greater than the atmospheric pressure of the external environment. Under the action of its own tension, it returns to its initial shape, and a negative pressure is formed inside, thereby making the annular electrode 4-2 adhere to the surface of human skin.

[0067] After placing one electrode, the position of the support component 3 can be finely adjusted using the horizontal moving mechanism 1 and the lifting mechanism 2 so that the other lead assembly 4 is aligned with the position where the electrode needs to be placed. Then, the same method is used to place the electrode, and multiple electrodes are placed in sequence.

[0068] In this embodiment, the axis of the ring electrode, elastic capsule, and conical cover of another lead assembly is set horizontally. This lead assembly is used to place the electrode at the intersection of the mid-axillary line and the fifth intercostal space. Its connecting tube is an L-shaped tube to achieve the horizontal setting of the axis of the conical cover, elastic capsule, and ring electrode.

[0069] The electrode is placed as follows:

[0070] The third motor's output shaft rotates forward, driving the elastic capsule toward the conical cover until the conical cover deforms the elastic capsule. The fourth motor then rotates forward, causing the conical cover, elastic capsule, and annular electrode to descend to the point where they align with the intersection of the mid-axillary line and the fifth intercostal space. The horizontal moving mechanism then operates, moving the supporting components until the annular electrode adheres to the skin surface. The third motor's output shaft then rotates in the reverse direction, and the horizontal moving mechanism moves in the reverse direction. The cable applies a force toward the skin to the annular electrode, and the horizontal moving mechanism causes the conical cover to move away from the elastic capsule. The elastic capsule creates a negative pressure, allowing the annular electrode to firmly adhere to the skin surface.

[0071] In this embodiment, a pressure sensor is also provided at the connection point between the cable and the elastic capsule. The pressure sensor is connected to the industrial control computer. When the cable is pulled up and causes the elastic capsule to deform, the force increases. The cable is protected according to the magnitude of this force. When the electrode approaches and contacts the human body, the force decreases. When the force is found to decrease to the set range, the surface electrode has already contacted the human body. At this time, the subsequent operations of loosening the cable and raising the conical cover can be performed.

[0072] The entire process requires no manual operation by medical staff, avoiding close contact between medical staff and those being tested, thus preventing the risk of cross-infection of infectious diseases between medical staff and patients, and reducing the labor costs for medical staff.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] This embodiment provides a medical self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed, such as Figures 4-8 As shown, the device includes the lead laying mechanism described in Embodiment 1, and also includes a bed body 6. The bed body 6 includes a bed board, and the bed board is provided with legs at the four corners. The bed board is supported by the legs, and the bottom end of the legs is fixed to a support plate 7. Two legs on the same long side of the bed body 6 are fixed to the same support plate 7. The support plate 7 is arranged along the length of the bed board.

[0075] The support plate 7 is provided with an outer guide groove 7-1 and an inner guide groove 7-2. The outer guide groove 7-1 is located on the outside of the support corner, and the inner guide groove 7-2 is located on the inside of the support foot.

[0076] Both outer guide grooves 7-1 are connected to first brackets 8. The first brackets 8 can move along the outer guide grooves 7-1. Specifically, the bottom of the first bracket 8 is provided with a traveling wheel 9. The traveling wheel 9 is an electric wheel or a traveling wheel connected to a drive motor installed on the first bracket. The traveling wheel 9 is embedded in the outer guide groove 7-1. The lead laying mechanism described in Embodiment 1 is provided between the top ends of the two first brackets 8. Specifically, one end of the horizontal slide rail of the horizontal moving mechanism of the lead laying mechanism is fixedly connected to the top end of one of the first brackets 8, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top end of the other first bracket 8. The lead laying mechanism at this location is defined as the first lead laying mechanism, which is used to lay the electrodes on the chest of the person to be tested.

[0077] Both inner guide grooves are connected to second brackets 10. The second brackets 10 can move along the inner guide grooves 7-2. Specifically, the bottom of the second bracket 10 is provided with a traveling wheel 9. The traveling wheel 9 is an electric wheel or a traveling wheel connected to a drive motor installed on the second bracket 10. The height of the top of the second bracket 10 is lower than the height of the bed board. A lead laying mechanism is also connected between the tops of the two second brackets 10. This is the second lead laying mechanism, which is used to lay the electrodes on the back of the person to be tested. Compared with the first lead laying mechanism, the second lead laying mechanism has only three lead components, and the open ends of the conical cover and the elastic capsule are all set upwards.

[0078] In this embodiment, the bed board is provided with an opening 11 for the second lead laying mechanism to pass through the bed board and lay the electrode on the skin of the person's back.

[0079] Guide components 12 are provided on both long sides of the bed board. Each guide component 12 includes a long strip block, which is fixed to the edge of the long side of the bed board. Both ends of the long strip block have protrusions. A first slide rail is provided between the two protrusions along the length of the bed board. The first slide rail is a cylindrical guide rail. Both first slide rails are slidably connected to a wrist guide mechanism 13. Two guide grooves 14 are provided at the rear of the bed. A second slide rail 16 is provided in the guide groove 14. The second slide rail is arranged along the length of the bed board. One end of the second slide rail 16 is fixed to the groove surface of the guide groove, and the other end is fixed to a bracket 17 on one side of the rear of the bed. The second guide rail is slidably connected to an ankle guide mechanism 15.

[0080] In this embodiment, the wrist lead mechanism 13 and the ankle lead mechanism 15 have the same structure, both including a first buckle and a second buckle that can be opened and closed. The first buckle and the second buckle are both connected to the clamping drive assembly, which is used to control the opening and closing of the first buckle and the second buckle.

[0081] The clamping drive assembly includes a fifth motor, the housing of which is fixed inside the transmission housing. The output shaft of the fifth motor is connected to a drive gear inside the transmission housing. The drive gear meshes with a driven gear. Both the drive gear and the driven gear are connected to an output shaft. The two output shafts are respectively fixed to the bottom ends of the first and second latches. When the fifth motor is working, it can drive the drive gear and the driven gear to rotate in opposite directions, thereby driving the first and second latches to open and close.

[0082] Electrodes are provided on the surfaces of the first and second clips for human contact. The electrodes are connected to the ECG host via cables. In this embodiment, the lead installation operation of the wrist and ankle lead mechanisms is relatively simple, and the person being tested can operate it under the guidance of a speaker.

[0083] An image acquisition device is mounted on the support frame via the first support 17-1. The image acquisition device is connected to the industrial control computer via network communication. The industrial control computer is the control system of the entire electrocardiogram bed. In this embodiment, the image acquisition device uses an RGB-D camera 18, with its lens facing the bed body and the axis of the lens at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane. It can acquire images of the person to be tested and transmit them to the industrial control computer 19. The industrial control computer can analyze the acquired images according to the set algorithm to determine the position where the electrodes need to be placed. The industrial control computer 19 is connected to the horizontal moving mechanism 1, the lifting mechanism 2, and the various motors in the lead assembly 4. It can send commands to the motors to control their operation. The industrial control computer is also connected to the operating console.

[0084] The bracket is also equipped with an interactive display screen 22 and a speaker 20 connected to an industrial control computer via a second support 17-2. The speaker sends instructions or prompts to the person being tested to guide them in performing ECG monitoring.

[0085] When individuals undergo ECG monitoring, the industrial control computer can analyze the electrode placement based on image information, enabling them to perform the monitoring independently. This avoids the risk of cross-infection between medical staff and patients. Furthermore, the interactive display screen and speaker provide convenient guidance for individuals to lie in the correct position on the bed, facilitating the smooth conduct of ECG monitoring.

[0086] An ID card reader 21 is also installed on the bracket. The ID card reader 21 is connected to the industrial control computer 19 and is used to transmit the identity information of the person to be tested to the industrial control computer.

[0087] The working method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0088] Patients pay and register at the hospital's self-service machines;

[0089] Patients use an ID card reader for identity verification;

[0090] Once the patient is on the bed, the RGB-D camera captures images of the patient in real time and transmits them to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer then transmits the images to the display screen of the operating platform. Following the voice prompts from the human-computer interaction screen and speaker, the patient lies down in the required posture.

[0091] The patient adjusts the position of the wrist and ankle leads themselves and controls the motor to work, using the first and second latches to clamp the patient's wrist and ankle respectively.

[0092] The industrial control computer analyzes the patient's images captured by the RGB-D camera and determines the locations on the chest and back where the motors need to be applied according to a set algorithm. The specific steps include:

[0093] Step 1: Acquire an RGB-D image, including image data and point cloud data;

[0094] Step 2: Determine the effective area M in the image based on the relative positional relationship between the camera and the bed;

[0095] Step 3: Perform pixel-by-pixel subtraction on the current image and the background image within the effective region M. Perform Gaussian filtering and morphological opening and closing operations on the image after subtraction. Use the connected component search algorithm to obtain the human body region in the image plane, and realize foreground segmentation of the human body target in the image plane. The background image is automatically collected when no one is lying down.

[0096] Step 4: Extract the edges of the extracted human foreground region, use Hough transform to extract the head contour and determine the head center point; use curve fitting to obtain the left and right shoulder vertices; based on the current position information of the human head center point and the left and right shoulder vertices, use relevant human experience data to obtain the left and right chest regions of the human body.

[0097] Step 5: Based on the extracted position information of the center point of the human head and the apexes of the left and right shoulders on the image plane, obtain the corresponding point cloud data information, measure the distance information between these points based on the point cloud data, and estimate the human height accordingly.

[0098] Step 6: Perform feature detection and extraction on the original images corresponding to the left and right chest regions of the human body to obtain the human breast region;

[0099] Step 7: Using the three-dimensional point cloud data of the human breast region, combined with empirical data on human anatomy, calculate the placement positions of each electrode in the chest.

[0100] Step 8: Calculate the placement positions of the electrodes on the back based on the placement positions of the electrodes on the chest;

[0101] Step 9: Transform the positions of all electrodes on the chest and back from the camera coordinate system to the fixed coordinate system of the bed using coordinate transformation. Based on the obtained electrode positions in the fixed coordinate system of the bed, the motion information of the relevant motors of the first and second lead laying mechanisms can be obtained;

[0102] The industrial control computer controls the first and second lead placement mechanisms to place all electrodes at the target positions. Based on the patient's height, the industrial control computer automatically adjusts the positions of the wrist and ankle lead mechanisms, prompting the patient to place their wrist and ankle into the open first and second latches. Then, the computer controls the motors to clamp the patient's wrist and ankle using the first and second latches respectively.

[0103] The ECG host collects ECG waveforms from all leads.

[0104] Data is uploaded to the physician's end, and electrocardiograms are printed for patients / health check-up participants to keep on file;

[0105] After the data acquisition is completed, the fifth motor drives the first and second latches to reset, and the industrial control computer controls the first and second lead laying mechanisms to reset.

[0106] After receiving a voice prompt from the human-computer interaction screen and speaker indicating that the data acquisition was complete, the patient gets out of bed, takes the ECG paper, and the entire ECG measurement process is finished.

[0107] The working methods of the first lead laying mechanism and the second lead laying mechanism are the same as those described in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0108] The ECG bed of this embodiment avoids cross-infection between doctors and patients. In a routine 12-lead ECG examination, if it is necessary to add right chest and posterior wall tests, the chest lead bulbs need to be removed and repositioned. In addition, when adding posterior wall leads, the patient needs to be in a lateral decubitus position, which is time-consuming and laborious. However, the self-service intelligent ECG bed provided in this embodiment does not require the replacement of lead bulbs or the change of patient position, making it simpler and easier to use.

[0109] This working method is suitable for patients to conduct electrocardiograms themselves. They can enter the operating room by swiping their medical insurance card / ID card, complete name and gender identification and payment collection. It can be operated at any time, increasing the utilization of the machine, indirectly extending working hours, and saving a lot of manpower. The operating room can be used not only in hospitals, but also in places where people gather and in various streets. Once an arrhythmia occurs, patients can make their own ECGs nearby for easy medical treatment.

[0110] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lead application mechanism characterized by, The horizontal moving mechanism is connected with the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected with the supporting part, the supporting part is provided with a plurality of lead assembly, the lead assembly comprises an electrode, one side surface of the electrode is used for sticking to the skin, the other side surface of the electrode is fixed with an elastic capsule, the electrode is fixedly connected with one end of a cable, the cable is connected with a cable winding and unwinding mechanism installed on the supporting part, one side of the elastic capsule is provided with a pressing piece, the pressing piece is connected with a pressing piece driving assembly installed on the supporting part; The elastic capsule adopts a spherical cap structure, and correspondingly, the pressing piece adopts a conical cover, and the end of the conical cover with a larger area is arranged towards the elastic capsule; The cable winding and unwinding mechanism comprises a first conveying wheel and a second conveying wheel, the first conveying wheel and the second conveying wheel clamp the cable, the first conveying wheel is connected with a cable winding and unwinding driving piece, and the cable winding and unwinding driving piece is fixed to the supporting part; The pressing piece driving assembly comprises a releasing driving piece fixed on the supporting part, the releasing driving piece is connected with a gear, and the gear is engaged with a rack; The connecting piece adopts a connecting barrel, the top end of the connecting barrel is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the rack, the bottom end of the connecting barrel is fixedly connected with the end of the conical cover with a smaller area, and the other end of the cable passes through the elastic capsule, the conical cover, the connecting barrel and the rack in sequence and is connected with an electrocardiogram host; The releasing driving piece adopts a fourth motor, the motor shell of the fourth motor is fixed on the supporting part, a guide groove is arranged on the supporting part, the rack is slidably connected with the supporting part through the guide groove, and the bottom end of the rack is fixed with the end of the conical cover with a smaller area through the connecting piece; The position of the lead assembly is adjusted through the horizontal moving mechanism, so that the electrode is aligned with the part of the human body to be detected, the cable winding and unwinding mechanism drives the elastic capsule to move towards the pressing piece, so that the pressing piece extrudes the elastic capsule, the lifting mechanism drives the elastic capsule in the extruded state to move towards the part of the human body to be detected, so that the electrode is attached to the skin surface of the part of the human body to be detected, the releasing driving piece drives the pressing piece to move, so that the pressing piece is separated from the elastic capsule, the elastic capsule restores the initial shape under the action of the material tension of the elastic capsule itself, a negative pressure is formed in the elastic capsule, and the electrode is adsorbed and fixed on the skin surface of the human body.

2. A lead application mechanism as defined in claim 1, wherein The first conveying wheel surface and the second conveying wheel surface are provided with grooves, the cable is arranged in the grooves, the groove surfaces are provided with rubber pads, and the cable is in contact with the rubber pads.

3. A medical self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed, characterized in that, The bed body is provided with a first support walking along the length direction of the bed body on both sides, the top end of the first support is provided with the lead application mechanism, which is a first lead application mechanism and is used for the lead application of the chest electrode, the bed body is further provided with a lead application mechanism below the bed plate, which is a second lead application mechanism and is used for the lead application of the back electrode, the second lead application mechanism is connected with a second support walking along the length direction of the bed body, the bed plate of the bed body is provided with an opening matched with the second lead application mechanism, the tail part of the bed body is further provided with an image acquisition element connected with the control system, the image acquisition element transmits the collected image of the person to be detected to the control system, and the control system identifies the electrode application position according to the image.

4. The self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed of claim 3, wherein, Two sides of the bed plate of the bed body are slidingly connected with wrist lead mechanism and ankle lead mechanism, the wrist lead mechanism and the ankle lead mechanism each include a first buckle and a second buckle, the first buckle and the second buckle are each provided with an electrode, and the first buckle and the second buckle are connected with the clamping driving assembly to make the first buckle and the second buckle open and close.

5. The self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed of claim 3, wherein, The tail part and the lower part of the bed body are each provided with a support, a loudspeaker is installed on the tail part support, the loudspeaker is connected with the control system, the control system sends voice prompt information to the person to be detected through the loudspeaker, and an electrocardiogram host is placed on the lower part support, the electrocardiogram host is connected with the control system, and the control system directly sends a control command to the electrocardiogram host.

6. The method of operating a self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: An image acquisition element acquires an image of a person to be detected on the bed body and transmits the image to a control system; The control system obtains a target position at which an electrode needs to be applied according to the acquired image; The control system controls a first lead application mechanism and a second lead application mechanism to work according to the obtained target position at which the electrode needs to be applied, and applies the electrode to the target position.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the medical self-service intelligent electrocardiogram bed further comprises a display screen, and the display screen is used to display the electrocardiogram data and the electrocardiogram report. The method for obtaining the target position at which the electrode needs to be applied comprises the following steps: An image of a person to be detected on the bed body is acquired; An effective area M is determined in the image according to a relative position relationship between an image acquisition element and the bed body; A human body area in the effective area M is obtained, a foreground segmentation of a human body target in an image plane is realized, and a human body foreground area is extracted; Edge extraction is performed on the extracted human body foreground area, a head contour is extracted, a head center point is determined, and left and right shoulder top points are obtained; A left and right chest area of the human body is obtained according to current position information of the head center point and the left and right shoulder top points; Point cloud data information corresponding to the position information of the head center point and the left and right shoulder top points in the image plane is obtained, and a height of the human body is obtained according to distance information between measuring points in the point cloud data information; Feature detection and extraction are performed on an original image corresponding to the left and right chest area of the human body, and a breast area of the human body is obtained; A placement position of each electrode of the chest is calculated by using three-dimensional point cloud data of the breast area of the human body; A placement position of each electrode of the back is calculated according to the placement position of each electrode of the chest.

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