A kind of aerobic composting device and composting method of cyperus oleifera

Abstract

The invention discloses an aerobic composting device and a composting method for cyperus oleifera, and relates to the technical field of composting, including: a composting container, the composting container including a composting box and a composting cover, the upper end of the composting box is provided with a switch port, the composting cover can cover the switch port, the composting cover is provided with an air outlet interface, and the side wall of the composting box is provided with an air inlet through hole; an oxygenation pipeline, the pipe wall of the oxygenation pipeline is provided with a plurality of aeration holes, and the oxygenation pipeline is located in the composting box; an oxygenation device, and the oxygenation device is connected to the oxygenation pipeline through the air inlet through hole. The composting method includes S1, determining the basic physical and chemical properties of the material; S2, loading the required composting material into the composting device and mixing the material, adjusting the moisture content and carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material; S3, covering the composting cover, and starting the oxygenation device; S4, adding water during the composting process, taking compost samples within a specified time, and determining the temperature, water content and pH of the compost. The invention can fill oxygen into the composting container, thereby realizing aerobic composting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of composting, in particular to an aerobic composting device and a composting method thereof for cyperus oleifera. Background Art

[0002] Compost is an organic fertilizer that is rich in nutrients and has a long and stable fertilizer effect. It is also conducive to the formation of soil solid particle structure, which can increase the soil's ability to retain water, heat, air and fertilizer. When used in combination with chemical fertilizers, it can make up for the defects of chemical fertilizers that contain only a single nutrient, and long-term single use of chemical fertilizers can cause soil compaction and reduced water and fertilizer retention. Compost is an organic fertilizer made from various plant residues (crop straw, weeds, leaves, peat, garbage and other wastes, etc.) as the main raw materials, mixed with human and animal feces and urine, and then composted and decomposed.

[0003] Aerobic composting is the process of aerobic bacteria absorbing, oxidizing and decomposing waste under aerobic conditions. Microorganisms oxidize part of the absorbed organic matter into simple inorganic matter through their own life activities, while releasing energy required for microbial growth activities, while the other part of the organic matter is synthesized into new cytoplasm, allowing the microorganisms to continue to grow and reproduce, producing more organisms.

[0004] Most existing composting devices are composting containers, which are in a closed state during use and cannot provide sufficient oxygen, so they cannot achieve aerobic composting with good effects.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an aerobic composting device and a composting method for cyperus oleifera in the market to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an aerobic composting device and a composting method for cyperus oleifera, which are used to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and can fill oxygen into a composting container to achieve aerobic composting of materials.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The invention discloses an aerobic composting device for cyperus oleifera, comprising:

[0009] A compost container, comprising a compost box and a compost cover, wherein the upper end of the compost box is provided with a switch port, the compost cover can cover the switch port, the compost box is used to place compost materials, the compost cover is provided with an air outlet interface, and the side wall of the compost box is provided with an air inlet hole;

[0010] An oxygenation pipeline, wherein a plurality of aeration holes are arranged on the wall of the oxygenation pipeline, and the oxygenation pipeline is located in the composting box;

[0011] An oxygenation device is connected to the oxygenation pipeline through the air inlet hole.

[0012] Preferably, a temperature measuring interface is provided on the compost cover.

[0013] Preferably, the oxygenation device is an oxygenation fan, and the oxygenation fan is connected to the oxygenation pipeline through a fan connecting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, an air flow meter is provided at the fan connecting pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the oxygenation pipeline includes one transverse oxygenation pipe, three longitudinal oxygenation pipes and three vertical oxygenation pipes;

[0016] The transverse oxygenation tube is perpendicular to the longitudinal oxygenation tube, the transverse oxygenation tube is perpendicular to the vertical oxygenation tube, and the longitudinal oxygenation tube is perpendicular to the vertical oxygenation tube;

[0017] The three longitudinal oxygenation tubes are arranged parallel to each other, the transverse oxygenation tube passes through the midpoints of the three longitudinal oxygenation tubes in sequence, and the intersection of the transverse oxygenation tube and the longitudinal oxygenation tube is connected to one end of the vertical oxygenation tube.

[0018] Preferably, the length of the compost container is 2 m, the width of the compost container is 1 m, and the height of the compost container is 1 m;

[0019] The material of the oxygenation pipeline is stainless steel;

[0020] The length of the transverse oxygenation tube is 2 m, and the diameter of the transverse oxygenation tube is 5 cm;

[0021] The length of the longitudinal oxygenation tube is 1 m, and the diameter of the longitudinal oxygenation tube is 5 cm;

[0022] The length of the vertical oxygenation tube is 80 cm, and the diameter of the longitudinal oxygenation tube is 5 cm;

[0023] The diameter of the aeration hole is 0.5 cm.

[0024] The invention also discloses a composting method of a cyperus oleifera aerobic composting device, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1. Determine the basic physical and chemical properties of materials;

[0026] S2, loading the required composting materials into the composting device and mixing the materials, and adjusting the moisture content and carbon-nitrogen ratio of the materials;

[0027] S3, cover the composting cover and start the oxygenating device;

[0028] S4. Add water during the composting process, take compost samples within the specified time, and measure the temperature, moisture content and pH of the compost.

[0029] Preferably, the basic physical and chemical properties in step S1 include pH value, total carbon content, total nitrogen content, carbon-nitrogen ratio, water content and soluble organic carbon content.

[0030] Preferably, in step S2, the moisture content of the material is adjusted to 60%-65%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25-30.

[0031] Preferably, the prescribed time for sampling in step S4 is day 0, day 2, day 5, day 9, day 14, day 20, day 27, day 35, day 44, day 65, day 90;

[0032] In step S4, the compost needs to be turned three times per week.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0034] The invention can fill a proper amount of oxygen into the compost container, thereby providing a suitable environment for aerobic composting, and is convenient for performing operations such as temperature measurement and water addition on the compost material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a Cyperus oleifera aerobic composting device according to Example 1;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of an oxygenation pipeline in a Cyperus oleifera aerobic composting device according to Example 1;

[0038] In the figure: 1-compost container; 11-compost box; 12-compost cover; 2-oxygenation pipeline; 21-horizontal oxygenation pipe; 22-longitudinal oxygenation pipe; 23-vertical oxygenation pipe; 3-oxygenation fan; 31-fan connecting pipe; 4-air outlet interface; 5-temperature measurement interface; 6-air flow meter; 100-aerobic composting device for cyperus oleifera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The object of the present invention is to provide an aerobic composting device and a composting method for cyperus oleifera, which are used to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and can fill oxygen into a composting container to achieve aerobic composting of materials.

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a cyperus oleifera aerobic composting device 100, comprising:

[0044] A compost container, the compost container 1 comprises a compost box 11 and a compost cover 12, which is a rectangular box structure as a whole. A switch port is provided at the upper end of the compost box 11, and the compost cover 12 can cover the switch port. The compost box 11 is used to place compost materials. The compost cover 12 is provided with an air outlet interface 4, which is used to release the gas in the compost container 1 to prevent the air pressure in the compost container 1 from being too high. Specifically, two air outlet interfaces 4 are provided, and the air outlet interfaces 4 can be connected to a gas collection device through a pipeline, which can be a container for collecting the discharged gas, so as to realize recycling. Of course, the gas can also be directly discharged into the atmosphere. The side wall of the compost box 11 is provided with an air inlet through hole;

[0045] The oxygenation pipeline 2 has a plurality of aeration holes on its wall, such as Figure 2 As shown, the oxygenation pipeline 2 is provided with a plurality of circles of aeration holes in the circumferential direction, and each circle has six aeration holes evenly distributed, and the oxygenation pipeline 2 is located in the composting box 11;

[0046] The oxygenating device is connected with one end of the oxygenating pipeline 2 through the air inlet hole.

[0047] When in use, the compost material only needs to be placed in the compost box 11, covered with the compost cover 12, and kept sealed. Then, the oxygenation device is started as needed, and an appropriate amount of oxygen is added to the compost container 1 through the oxygenation pipeline 2, so as to meet the needs of aerobic composting. If water needs to be added or stirring is required during the process, it can be done by opening the compost cover 12.

[0048] In this embodiment, a temperature measuring interface 5 is provided on the compost cover 12. When the temperature of the compost material in the compost container 1 needs to be measured, a temperature measuring device only needs to be provided at the temperature measuring interface 5 to measure the temperature in the compost container 1. The temperature measuring device can be a temperature sensor or a thermometer.

[0049] In this embodiment, the oxygenation device is an oxygenation fan 3, which is connected to the oxygenation pipeline 2 through a fan connection pipe 31, and the fan connection pipe 31 is connected to the oxygenation pipeline 2 through an air inlet hole. Those skilled in the art can also use other devices such as an air pump to fill air into the compost container 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, an air flow meter 6 is provided on the fan connecting pipe 31 , and the air flow meter 6 can control the flow rate and flow velocity of the gas blown out by the oxygenating fan 3 .

[0051] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the oxygenation pipeline 2 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the oxygenation pipeline 2 includes a transverse oxygenation pipe 21, three longitudinal oxygenation pipes 22 and three vertical oxygenation pipes 23;

[0052] The transverse oxygenation pipe 21 is perpendicular to the longitudinal oxygenation pipe 22, the transverse oxygenation pipe 21 is perpendicular to the vertical oxygenation pipe 23, and the longitudinal oxygenation pipe 22 is perpendicular to the vertical oxygenation pipe 23, that is, the three pipes are perpendicular to each other, wherein the transverse oxygenation pipe 21 and the longitudinal oxygenation pipe 22 are located in a horizontal plane, and the vertical oxygenation pipe 23 is located in a corresponding vertical plane;

[0053] The three longitudinal oxygenation tubes 22 are arranged parallel to each other, and the transverse oxygenation tube 21 passes through the midpoints of the three longitudinal oxygenation tubes 22 in sequence. The intersection of the transverse oxygenation tube 21 and the longitudinal oxygenation tube 22 is connected to one end (lower end) of the vertical oxygenation tube 23. For the convenience of manufacturing, the transverse oxygenation tube 21, the longitudinal oxygenation tube 22 and the vertical oxygenation tube 23 are an integrated structure.

[0054] When connecting, it is only necessary to connect one end of the transverse oxygenation pipe 21 to one end of the fan connection pipe 31 through a pipe joint, and the other end of the transverse oxygenation pipe 21 is a blind end.

[0055] In this embodiment, the compost container 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the length of the compost container 1 is 2m, the width of the compost container 1 is 1m, and the height of the compost container 1 is 1m;

[0056] The material of the oxygenation pipeline 2 is stainless steel, that is, the horizontal oxygenation pipe 21, the longitudinal oxygenation pipe 22 and the vertical oxygenation pipe 23 are all stainless steel pipes;

[0057] The length of the transverse oxygenation pipe 21 is 2 m, which matches the length of the compost container 1, that is, the length direction of the transverse oxygenation pipe 21 is the length direction of the compost container 1, and the diameter of the transverse oxygenation pipe 21 is 5 cm;

[0058] The length of the longitudinal oxygenation pipe 22 is 1 m, which matches the width of the composting container 1, that is, the length direction of the longitudinal oxygenation pipe 22 is the width direction of the composting container 1, and the diameter of the longitudinal oxygenation pipe 22 is 5 cm;

[0059] The length of the vertical oxygenation pipe 23 is 80 cm, which is slightly smaller than the height of the compost container 1. The length direction of the vertical oxygenation pipe 23 is the height direction of the compost container 1. The diameter of the longitudinal oxygenation pipe 22 is 5 cm.

[0060] The diameter of the aeration hole is 0.5 cm, and the spacing between two adjacent aeration holes is 2 cm. It should be noted that the two adjacent aeration holes here are two adjacent aeration holes along the length direction of the pipe. For example, the spacing between two adjacent aeration holes in the transverse oxygenation pipe 21 along the length direction (i.e., the length direction of the compost container 1) is 2 cm.

[0061] The height of the fan connecting pipe 31 from the ground is 30 cm.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] This embodiment provides a composting method of a cyperus oleifera aerobic composting device 100, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1. Determine the basic physical and chemical properties of materials before composting;

[0065] S2. According to the experimental requirements, the required compost materials are loaded into the Cyperus oleifera aerobic composting device 100, the materials are mixed, and the moisture content and carbon-nitrogen ratio of the materials are adjusted;

[0066] S3, after adjusting the moisture content of the compost material, cover the compost cover 12 and start the oxygenating device;

[0067] S4. Add water as needed during the composting process, take compost samples within the specified time, and measure the temperature, moisture content and pH of the compost.

[0068] In this embodiment, the basic physical and chemical properties in step S1 include pH value, total carbon content, total nitrogen content, carbon-nitrogen ratio, water content and soluble organic carbon content, etc. If necessary, other relevant basic physical and chemical properties can also be measured.

[0069] In this embodiment, in step S2, the moisture content (mass) of the material is adjusted to 60%-65%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25-30.

[0070] In this embodiment, the specified time for sampling in step S4 is day 0 (i.e., measurement is performed when the compost material is just loaded), day 2, day 5, day 9, day 14, day 20, day 27, day 35, day 44, day 65, and day 90. Those skilled in the art can also appropriately adjust the sampling time according to the actual situation of aerobic composting;

[0071] In addition, in step S4, the compost needs to be turned over three times a week. The core purpose of turning over is to allow the compost material to ferment fully so that the fermentation degree inside and outside the compost is the same.

[0072] In this embodiment, the compost material includes rice husks, stems and leaves, soybean meal and fungus residue, and the ratio of rice husks, stems and leaves, soybean meal (1:2:2, m / m): fungus residue = 13:1 (m / m).

[0073] Embodiment 3

[0074] This embodiment provides a composting method of a cyperus oleifera aerobic composting device 100, which is basically the same as the method disclosed in the second embodiment, except that:

[0075] In this embodiment, the compost material includes rice husks, stems and leaves, sheep manure and fungus residue, and the ratio of rice husks, stems and leaves, sheep manure (1:2:2, m / m): fungus residue = 13:1 (m / m). It should be noted that the contents and ratios involved in this article are all mass contents and mass ratios. Of course, those skilled in the art can also adjust them to volume contents and volume ratios according to actual needs.

[0076] The present specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An aerobic composting device for Cyperus oleifera, characterized in that: include: A compost container, comprising a compost box and a compost cover, wherein the upper end of the compost box is provided with a switch port, the compost cover can cover the switch port, the compost box is used to place compost materials, the compost cover is provided with an air outlet interface, and the side wall of the compost box is provided with an air inlet hole; An oxygenation pipeline, wherein a plurality of aeration holes are arranged on the wall of the oxygenation pipeline, and the oxygenation pipeline is located in the composting box; an oxygenating device, the oxygenating device being connected to the oxygenating pipeline through the air inlet through hole; The oxygenation pipeline includes a transverse oxygenation pipe, three longitudinal oxygenation pipes and three vertical oxygenation pipes; The transverse oxygenation tube is perpendicular to the longitudinal oxygenation tube, the transverse oxygenation tube is perpendicular to the vertical oxygenation tube, and the longitudinal oxygenation tube is perpendicular to the vertical oxygenation tube; The three longitudinal oxygenation tubes are arranged parallel to each other, the transverse oxygenation tube passes through the midpoints of the three longitudinal oxygenation tubes in sequence, and the intersection of the transverse oxygenation tube and the longitudinal oxygenation tube is connected to one end of the vertical oxygenation tube; the transverse oxygenation tube, the longitudinal oxygenation tube and the vertical oxygenation tube are an integrated structure.

2. The aerobic composting device for cyperus oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compost cover is provided with a temperature measuring interface.

3. The aerobic composting device for cyperus oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygenating device is an oxygenating fan, and the oxygenating fan is connected to the oxygenating pipeline through a fan connecting pipe.

4. The aerobic composting device for cyperus oleifera according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air flow meter is arranged at the fan connecting pipe.

5. The aerobic composting device for cyperus oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the compost container is 2 m, the width of the compost container is 1 m, and the height of the compost container is 1 m; The material of the oxygenation pipeline is stainless steel; The length of the transverse oxygenation tube is 2 m, and the diameter of the transverse oxygenation tube is 5 cm; The length of the longitudinal oxygenation tube is 1 m, and the diameter of the longitudinal oxygenation tube is 5 cm; The length of the vertical oxygenation tube is 80 cm, and the diameter of the longitudinal oxygenation tube is 5 cm; The diameter of the aeration hole is 0.5 cm.

6. A composting method based on the aerobic composting device of Cyperus oleifera according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Determine the basic physical and chemical properties of materials; S2, loading the required composting materials into the composting device and mixing the materials, and adjusting the moisture content and carbon-nitrogen ratio of the materials; S3, cover the composting cover and start the oxygenating device; S4. Add water during the composting process, take compost samples within a specified time, and measure the temperature, water content, and pH of the compost; The basic physical and chemical properties in step S1 include pH value, total carbon content, total nitrogen content, carbon-nitrogen ratio, water content and soluble organic carbon content; In step S2, the moisture content of the material is adjusted to 60%-65% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25-30; The prescribed time for sampling in step S4 is day 0, day 2, day 5, day 9, day 14, day 20, day 27, day 35, day 44, day 65, day 90; In step S4, the compost needs to be turned three times per week.

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