A method and system for testing and evaluating fuel cells for vehicles

Abstract

This invention proposes a testing and evaluation method and system for automotive fuel cells. Under dynamic operating conditions, safety and functional tests are performed on the fuel cell; under extreme conditions, functional tests are also conducted. Quantitative scores, confidence probabilities, and comprehensive evaluation correlation coefficients are assigned to the test results of each test item. A comprehensive score for the fuel cell test results is calculated, and the overall evaluation level of the fuel cell is determined. This invention solves the problems of incomplete testing content and failure to consider the actual operating state of fuel cells in current technologies, thus improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of automotive fuel cell testing and evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a testing and evaluation method and system for automotive fuel cells. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] With the energy crisis and environmental pollution becoming increasingly prominent, fuel cells have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, low noise, and zero pollution. Fuel cells for vehicles are also recognized by experts as the ultimate solution for green travel. In the research and development and production process of fuel cells, the testing and evaluation methods for their functionality and safety are an essential part.

[0004] Currently, several testing standards have been issued both domestically and internationally to guide the testing of fuel cell systems. For example, GB / T24549-2020, GB / T 26990-2011, GB / T 29126-2012, and QC / T 245-1998 standards specify and guide the safety testing content for vehicle fuel cells; GB / T 24554-2009, GB / T Standard 28183-2011, in conjunction with vehicle operating conditions, specifies the performance testing content for automotive fuel cells. In addition, some institutions and research institutes have enriched and innovated the testing content for fuel cells. For example, patent CN106842032A proposes a fuel cell testing system and its usage method, enabling the testing system to recycle energy, reducing power consumption and achieving significant energy savings. Patent CN111381173A provides a fuel cell testing system with high-efficiency power utilization, capable of connecting the testing system to the power grid and feeding back the power generated during fuel cell testing, reducing energy waste. Patent CN114171760A proposes a fuel cell testing method incorporating simulation models. By combining simulation models, internal fuel cell information data can be output during fuel cell testing, reducing testing costs and improving the accuracy and efficiency of fuel cell testing.

[0005] However, analysis of existing fuel cell testing methods reveals the following needs: (1) safety testing of fuel cell hydrogen storage and supply modules under dynamic operating conditions; (2) functional testing of fuel cells under extreme temperature and humidity conditions; and (3) a comprehensive evaluation method that integrates fuel cell safety and functionality. In other words, existing testing methods do not consider the actual working state of fuel cells and cannot fully address the testing needs of fuel cells in research and development and production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a method and system for testing and evaluating fuel cells for vehicles. The testing method includes safety testing, functional testing, and functional testing under extreme conditions. The evaluation method comprehensively considers the safety and functionality of the fuel cell, quantifies the fuel cell test results, and provides clear evaluation criteria, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of testing and evaluating fuel cells for vehicles.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for testing and evaluating automotive fuel cells;

[0009] A method for testing and evaluating automotive fuel cells includes:

[0010] Under dynamic operating conditions, the safety of fuel cells is tested by impact collision test, initial inspection, vibration test, hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control test, leakage control test, and electrical insulation test. The functionality of fuel cells is tested by output power test, system efficiency test, and cycle life test. The test results of each test item under dynamic operating conditions are recorded.

[0011] Under extreme conditions, the functionality of the fuel cell is tested by output power and system efficiency, and the test results of each test item under extreme conditions are recorded.

[0012] Quantitative scores, confidence probabilities, and comprehensive evaluation correlation coefficients are assigned to the test results of each test item. The comprehensive score of the fuel cell test results is calculated, and the comprehensive evaluation level of the fuel cell is determined.

[0013] Furthermore, an impact collision test was conducted on the hydrogen storage and supply device, and the displacement distance between the hydrogen storage and supply device and its fixed support was recorded as the test result.

[0014] Furthermore, the vibration test involves using a vibration table to conduct a typical urban road spectrum test on the fuel cell, recording whether the function is working properly and the mileage corresponding to the time of the first failure as the test result.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control test involves conducting control tests on hydrogen cylinders when the pressure is too high or too low, and recording whether the control work can be completed normally as the test result.

[0016] The leak control detection involves conducting control tests under simulated hydrogen leak conditions and recording whether the control function can be completed normally as the test result.

[0017] Furthermore, the electrical insulation detection involves measuring the insulation resistance value of key insulation points.

[0018] Furthermore, the output power test is performed using a fuel cell test bench to measure the maximum output power of the fuel cell;

[0019] The system efficiency test was conducted using a fuel cell test bench to measure the system efficiency at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% of the maximum output power of the fuel cell.

[0020] The cycle life test is based on the fuel cell cycle life test conducted on the vehicle under typical urban operating conditions, and the average degradation rate per 10,000 kilometers is recorded as the test result.

[0021] Furthermore, the extreme conditions are simulated using a temperature and humidity environment chamber and a fuel cell test bench, with extreme temperatures ranging from -40°C to 50°C and maximum humidity of 80%.

[0022] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the comprehensive score U of the fuel cell test results is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] N is the number of test items, Xi is the quantitative score corresponding to the test result of the i-th test item, Pi is the confidence probability corresponding to the test result of the i-th test item, and Ci is the comprehensive evaluation correlation coefficient corresponding to the test result of the i-th test item.

[0025] Furthermore, the comprehensive score of the fuel cell test results is divided into four evaluation levels: A, B, C, and D. A is 95 points or above, B is between 90 and 95 points (including 95 points), C is between 82 and 90 points (including 90 points), and D is below 82 points (including 82 points).

[0026] A second aspect of the present invention provides a testing and evaluation system for automotive fuel cells.

[0027] A testing and evaluation system for automotive fuel cells includes a dynamic operating condition testing module, an extreme condition testing module, and a rating module.

[0028] The dynamic operating condition test module is configured to: perform impact collision tests, initial inspections, vibration tests, hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control detection, leakage control detection, and electrical insulation tests on the safety of fuel cells under dynamic operating conditions; and perform output power tests, system efficiency tests, and cycle life tests on the functionality of fuel cells, and record the test results of each test item.

[0029] The extreme condition test module is configured to perform output power and system efficiency tests on the functionality of the fuel cell under extreme conditions, and record the test results of each test item.

[0030] The rating module is configured to: set quantitative scores, confidence probabilities, and correlation coefficients for the test results of each test item, calculate the comprehensive score of the fuel cell test results, and evaluate the comprehensive rating of the fuel cell.

[0031] The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The fuel cell testing method proposed in this invention includes multiple test items such as safety testing, functional testing, and functional testing under extreme conditions. The testing method covers all the major testing needs in the current production and R&D of fuel cells, and solves the problem that the existing technology does not have comprehensive testing content and does not consider the actual working state of fuel cells.

[0033] The evaluation method proposed in this invention comprehensively considers the safety and functionality of fuel cells. It assigns quantitative scores Xi to the test results of different test items, takes confidence probabilities Pi into account for the test results, and assigns a correlation coefficient Ci between the item scores and the overall evaluation of the fuel cell. It calculates the comprehensive score U of the fuel cell test results, divides the comprehensive score of the fuel cell system into four evaluation levels: A, B, C, and D, and evaluates the overall evaluation level of the fuel cell based on the comprehensive score value, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of testing and evaluation of automotive fuel cells.

[0034] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method in the first embodiment.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method in the second embodiment.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a system architecture diagram of the third embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0039] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0040] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to this disclosure. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0041] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0042] A fuel cell consists of a hydrogen storage and supply device, a stack, a temperature control system, a voltage boosting device, and a controller. This invention mainly focuses on the safety testing, functional testing, and functional testing of fuel cells under dynamic operating conditions and extreme conditions. The evaluation method comprehensively considers the safety and functionality of the fuel cell, quantifies the fuel cell test results, and provides clear evaluation criteria, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of testing and evaluation of fuel cells for vehicles.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] This embodiment discloses a testing and evaluation method for automotive fuel cells; such as... Figure 1 As shown, a method for testing and evaluating automotive fuel cells includes:

[0045] S1: Under dynamic operating conditions, conduct impact collision tests, initial inspections, vibration tests, hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control tests, leakage control tests, and electrical insulation tests on the safety of fuel cells; conduct output power tests, system efficiency tests, and cycle life tests on the functionality of fuel cells; and record the test results of each test item under dynamic operating conditions.

[0046] The specific methods for security and functional testing are as follows:

[0047] S1-1: Impact and collision test. The hydrogen storage and supply device is subjected to an impact and collision test using a vibration table. The vibration acceleration is 3 times the gravitational acceleration. After the test, the displacement distance between the hydrogen storage and supply device and its fixed support is confirmed and recorded.

[0048] S1-2: Initial inspection: Connect the hydrogen storage and supply device to the fuel cell system, start the fuel cell system, and confirm that all its functions are working normally.

[0049] S1-3: Vibration test. Use a vibration table to test the system on typical urban road spectrum. The vibration duration is the duration corresponding to 10,000 kilometers under typical urban working conditions. During and after the test, confirm whether the various functions of the system are working properly. If a fault occurs, record the mileage corresponding to the time of the first fault occurrence.

[0050] S1-4: Hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control detection. When hydrogen filling of the hydrogen cylinder causes overpressure, can the detection system complete the operation of shutting off the hydrogen filling valve or venting? When the hydrogen cylinder pressure is too low, can the detection system complete the protection operation?

[0051] S1-5: Leakage control detection, simulating hydrogen leak scenario 1: hydrogen supply pipeline rupture, detecting whether the system can complete the operation of shutting off the hydrogen source; simulating hydrogen leak scenario 2: when the hydrogen concentration around the fuel cell system or inside the vehicle reaches 5%, detecting whether the system can complete the operation of shutting off the hydrogen source and issuing an alarm.

[0052] S1-6: Electrical insulation test, testing the insulation resistance value of important insulation points in the system;

[0053] S1-7: Output power test, using a fuel cell test bench to test the maximum output power of the fuel cell system;

[0054] S1-8: System efficiency test. Using a fuel cell test bench, the system efficiency of the fuel cell is tested under the operating conditions of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% of its maximum output power.

[0055] S1-9: Cycle life test. The fuel cell cycle life test is conducted based on the vehicle's load under typical urban operating conditions. The fuel cell system degradation is checked every 10,000 kilometers, and the total test mileage is not less than 100,000 kilometers.

[0056] S2: Under extreme conditions, perform output power and system efficiency tests on the functionality of the fuel cell, and record the test results of each test item under extreme conditions;

[0057] Using a temperature and humidity environment chamber and a fuel cell test bench, simulate extreme temperatures of -40℃ to 50℃ and maximum humidity of 80%, and repeat steps S1-7 and S1-8 to test the fuel cell output power and system efficiency.

[0058] S3: Set quantitative scores, confidence probabilities, and comprehensive evaluation correlation coefficients for the test results of each test item; calculate the comprehensive score of the fuel cell test results; and evaluate the comprehensive evaluation level of the fuel cell. The specific evaluation method is as follows:

[0059] S3-1: Assigning test results

[0060] S3-1-1: Impact Collision Test

[0061] The test result is the displacement distance between the hydrogen storage and supply device and its fixed support.

[0062] The test score is calculated as follows: X1, with a maximum score of 20 points (20 points for displacement distance ≤ 10mm; 10 points for displacement distance ≤ 30mm; 0 points for displacement distance ≤ 30mm).

[0063] The test result is the displacement distance, which follows a normal distribution. The confidence probability P1 is set to 95%.

[0064] For fuel cell safety testing, C1 is set to 0.9.

[0065] S3-1-2: Vibration Test

[0066] The test result indicates normal working distance or first failure mileage.

[0067] The test score is multiplied by 2, with a maximum score of 20 points (0 points for fault mileage ≤ 3000km; 10 points for 3000km < fault mileage ≤ 5000km; 15 points for 5000km < fault mileage ≤ 8000km; 20 points for 8000km < fault mileage).

[0068] The test results for the first failure mileage follow a normal distribution, with a confidence probability P2 of 95%.

[0069] The test item is a security test item, and C2 is set to 0.9.

[0070] S3-1-3: Pressure Control Testing of Hydrogen Storage and Supply Pipelines

[0071] The test result indicates whether the control function can be completed normally;

[0072] The test is quantitatively scored x3, with a maximum score of 20 points (0 points for failure to complete the control work; 20 points for completion of the control work).

[0073] The confidence probability P3 is set to 1;

[0074] The test item is a security test item, and C3 is set to 0.9.

[0075] S3-1-4: Leakage Control Detection

[0076] The test result indicates whether the control function can be completed normally;

[0077] The test is quantitatively scored x4, with a maximum score of 20 points (0 points for failure to complete the control work; 20 points for completion of the control work).

[0078] The confidence probability P4 is set to 1;

[0079] The test item is a security test item, and C4 is set to 0.9.

[0080] S3-1-5: Electrical Insulation Test

[0081] The test result is the insulation resistance value, and the test score is multiplied by 5, with a maximum score of 20 points (insulation resistance < 2MΩ, 0 points; insulation resistance ≥ 2MΩ, 20 points).

[0082] The confidence probability P5 is set to 1;

[0083] The test item is a security test item, and C5 is set to 0.9.

[0084] S3-1-6: Output Power Test

[0085] The test result is the maximum output power. The test quantification score is x6, with a maximum score of 20 points (0 points for maximum output power ≤ 80% of the required maximum power value; 10 points for 80% < 95% of the required maximum power value; 20 points for 95% < maximum output power).

[0086] The confidence probability P6 is set to 95%;

[0087] The test item is a functional test item, and C6 is set to 0.1.

[0088] S3-1-7: System Efficiency Test

[0089] The test result is the system efficiency, and the test quantification score is X7 with a maximum score of 20 points (system efficiency ≤ 35%, get 0 points; 35% < system efficiency ≤ 45%, get 10 points; 45% < system efficiency, get 20 points).

[0090] The confidence probability P7 is set to 95%;

[0091] The test item is a functional test item, and C7 is set to 0.1.

[0092] S3-1-8: Cyclic Life Test

[0093] The test results are the average attenuation rate over 10,000 kilometers. The test quantification score is multiplied by 8, with a maximum score of 20 points (average attenuation rate over 10,000 kilometers > 7%, 0 points; 5% ≤ average attenuation rate over 10,000 kilometers < 7%, 10 points; average attenuation rate over 10,000 kilometers < 5%, 20 points).

[0094] The confidence probability P8 is set to 95%;

[0095] The test item is a functional test item, and C8 is set to 0.1.

[0096] S3-1-9: Output Power Test under Extreme Conditions

[0097] The test result is the maximum output power. The test quantification score is X9 with a maximum score of 20 points (maximum output power ≤ 75% of the required maximum power value, 0 points; 75% of the required maximum power value < 80% of the required maximum power value, 10 points; 80% of the required maximum power value < maximum output power, 20 points).

[0098] The confidence probability P9 is set to 95%;

[0099] The test item is a functional test item, and C9 is set to 0.1.

[0100] S3-1-10: System efficiency test under extreme conditions

[0101] The test result is the system efficiency, and the test score is quantified by 10, with a maximum score of 20 points (system efficiency ≤ 30%, 0 points; 30% < system efficiency ≤ 35%, 10 points; 35% < system efficiency, 20 points).

[0102] The confidence probability P10 is set to 95%.

[0103] The test item belongs to functional test item C10, and the value is 0.1.

[0104] S3-2: Calculate the overall score

[0105] The formula for calculating the overall score U of fuel cell test results is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] N is the number of test items, Xi is the quantitative score corresponding to the test result of the i-th test item, Pi is the confidence probability corresponding to the test result of the i-th test item, and Ci is the comprehensive evaluation correlation coefficient corresponding to the test result of the i-th test item.

[0108] S3-3: Grading Assessment

[0109] The comprehensive evaluation level of fuel cells is divided into four levels: A, B, C, and D, with corresponding scores as follows:

[0110] grade Meaning Corresponding score A Very satisfied 95＜U B satisfy 90＜U≤95 C Satisfactory, but flawed 82＜U≤90 D Dissatisfied U≤82

[0111] The test order of each test item in this invention is set according to the following principle: security is the highest priority and functionality is the second highest priority; in security testing, extreme cases are the highest priority and normal conditions are the second highest priority.

[0112] 1) Impact crash test: This test assesses safety under extreme conditions, ensuring the fuel cell system can reliably store and supply hydrogen without significant displacement or leakage during extreme events such as vehicle collisions or rollovers. This test has the highest priority.

[0113] 2) Initial inspection: to ensure the stability and safety of the system and protect the safety of test personnel. This item has a lower priority than impact and collision testing.

[0114] 3) Vibration test: This test assesses the impact of vibrations generated during actual vehicle operation on the reliability of the fuel cell system. This test has a lower priority than the initial inspection.

[0115] 4) Pressure control testing of hydrogen storage and supply pipelines is a test under normal working conditions, but it is superior to leakage control testing. Except for external forces, only long-term excessive pressure will cause pipeline rupture or large-scale release of hydrogen.

[0116] The testing order for other items was determined according to priority, as shown above.

[0117] Example 2

[0118] This embodiment discloses another method and procedure for testing and evaluating automotive fuel cells, such as... Figure 2 As shown,

[0119] 1) Impact and collision test: The hydrogen storage and supply device is subjected to an impact and collision test using a vibration table. The vibration acceleration is 3 times the acceleration due to gravity. After the test, the displacement distance between the hydrogen storage and supply device and its fixed support is confirmed and recorded. If the quantitative value X1 of the test result is 0, it is directly rated as Grade D and the test ends; otherwise, the next test is continued.

[0120] 2) Initial inspection: Connect the hydrogen storage and supply device to the fuel cell system, start the fuel cell system, and confirm that all its functions are working normally.

[0121] 3) Vibration test: The system is tested on a typical urban road spectrum using a vibration table. The vibration duration corresponds to 10,000 kilometers under typical urban conditions. During and after the test, the system's various functions are confirmed to be working properly. If a fault occurs, the mileage corresponding to the first fault occurrence is recorded. If the quantitative value X2 of the test result is 0, it is directly rated as Grade D, and the test ends; otherwise, continue to the next step of the test.

[0122] 4) Hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control test: When hydrogen filling causes overpressure, the test system checks whether it can shut off the hydrogen filling valve or vent the gas; when the hydrogen cylinder pressure is too low, the test system checks whether it can perform the protection operation. If the quantitative value X3 of the test result is 0, it is directly rated as level D, and the test ends; otherwise, continue to the next step of the test.

[0123] 5) Leakage control detection: Simulate hydrogen leak scenario one - a ruptured hydrogen supply pipeline and test whether the system can shut off the hydrogen source; simulate hydrogen leak scenario two - when the hydrogen concentration around the fuel cell system or inside the vehicle reaches 5%, test whether the system can shut off the hydrogen source and issue an alarm. If the test result quantification value X4 = 0, it is directly rated as level D, and the test ends; otherwise, continue to the next step of the test.

[0124] 6) Electrical insulation test: Test the insulation resistance value of important insulation points in the system. If the quantitative value of the test result X5 = 0, it is directly rated as level D and the test ends; otherwise, continue to the next test.

[0125] 7) Output power test: Using a fuel cell test bench, the maximum output power of the fuel cell system is tested. After the test is completed, proceed to the next step.

[0126] 8) System efficiency test: Using a fuel cell test bench, the system efficiency of the fuel cell is tested under the operating conditions of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% of its maximum output power. After the test is completed, proceed to the next step.

[0127] 9) Cycle life test: The fuel cell cycle life test is carried out according to the load of the vehicle under typical urban conditions. The fuel cell system degradation is checked every 10,000 kilometers. The total test mileage is not less than 100,000 kilometers. After the test is completed, proceed to the next step.

[0128] 10) Output power test and system efficiency test under extreme conditions: Using a temperature and humidity chamber and a fuel cell test bench, simulate extreme temperature conditions of -40℃ to 50℃ and maximum humidity of 80%. Repeat steps g and h to test the fuel cell output power and system efficiency. After the test is completed, proceed to the next step.

[0129] 11) Calculate the overall score U. The overall score U of the fuel cell test results is calculated based on the overall test results.

[0130] 12) Rating: Based on the fuel cell comprehensive score U, the overall score rating of the fuel cell test results is determined.

[0131] Example 3

[0132] This embodiment discloses a testing and evaluation system for automotive fuel cells;

[0133] like Figure 2 As shown, a test and evaluation system for vehicle fuel cells includes a dynamic operating condition test module, an extreme condition test module, and a rating module.

[0134] The dynamic operating condition test module is configured to: perform impact collision tests, initial inspections, vibration tests, hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control detection, leakage control detection, and electrical insulation tests on the safety of fuel cells under dynamic operating conditions; and perform output power tests, system efficiency tests, and cycle life tests on the functionality of fuel cells, and record the test results of each test item.

[0135] The extreme condition test module is configured to perform output power and system efficiency tests on the functionality of the fuel cell under extreme conditions, and record the test results of each test item.

[0136] The rating module is configured to: set quantitative scores, confidence probabilities, and correlation coefficients for the test results of each test item, calculate the comprehensive score of the fuel cell test results, and evaluate the comprehensive rating of the fuel cell.

[0137] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0138] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0139] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating a fuel cell for a vehicle, characterized by, Comprise: S1: under dynamic conditions, impact crash test, preliminary inspection, vibration test, hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control test, leakage control test, electrical insulation test on the safety of fuel cell, output power test, system efficiency test, cycle life test on the functionality of fuel cell, record the test results of each test item under dynamic conditions; Impact crash test on the hydrogen storage and supply device, record the displacement distance of the hydrogen storage and supply device and its fixed support as the test result; Specifically: use a vibration table to conduct an impact crash test on the hydrogen storage and supply device alone, the vibration acceleration is 3 times the gravity acceleration, and the displacement distance of the hydrogen storage and supply device and its fixed support is confirmed and recorded after the test; The preliminary inspection connects the hydrogen storage and supply device to the fuel cell system, starts the fuel cell system, and confirms that each function is working normally; The vibration test is a city typical road spectrum test on the fuel cell using a vibration table, and the vibration duration is the corresponding duration of 10,000 kilometers under city typical conditions. Confirm whether the system functions normally during and after the test. If a fault occurs, record the driving distance corresponding to the first fault occurrence time; The hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control test is a control test on the hydrogen cylinder when the pressure is too high or too low, and the test result is whether the control work can be completed normally; The leakage control test is a control test under simulated hydrogen leakage conditions, and the test result is whether the control work can be completed normally; The electrical insulation test measures the insulation resistance value of the key insulation point; S2: under extreme conditions, output power test and system efficiency test on the functionality of fuel cell, record the test results of each test item under extreme conditions; The extreme conditions are simulated by using a temperature and humidity environment chamber and a fuel cell test bench to simulate extreme temperature -40℃~50℃ and maximum humidity 80%; S3: set quantitative scores, confidence probabilities and correlation coefficients of comprehensive evaluation for the test results of each test item, calculate the comprehensive score of the fuel cell test results, and evaluate the comprehensive evaluation level of the fuel cell; wherein, the test result assignment includes: impact crash test, the test result is the displacement distance of the hydrogen storage and supply device and its fixed support; the test quantitative score X1 is 20 full marks, when the displacement distance is ≤10mm, 20 points are obtained; when 10mm<displacement distance≤30mm, 10 points are obtained; when 30mm≤displacement distance, 0 points are obtained; the test result is displacement distance, which belongs to normal distribution, the confidence probability P1 is 95%; the fuel cell safety test item C1 is 0.9; vibration test, test result is normal work or first fault mileage; test quantitative score X2 is 20 full marks, when fault mileage≤3000km, 0 points are obtained; when 3000km<fault mileage≤5000km, 10 points are obtained; when 5000km<fault mileage≤8000km, 15 points are obtained; when 8000km<fault mileage, 20 points are obtained; the first fault mileage of the test result belongs to normal distribution, the confidence probability P2 is 95%; the test item belongs to safety test item, C2 is 0.9; The calculation formula of the comprehensive score U of the fuel cell test result is: N is the number of test items, Xi is the quantitative score corresponding to the test result of the ith test item, Pi is the confidence probability corresponding to the test result of the ith test item, and Ci is the comprehensive evaluation correlation coefficient corresponding to the test result of the ith test item; The setting of the test order of each test item is based on the following principles: safety is the highest priority, and functionality is the second priority; in safety testing, extreme conditions are given priority, and normal conditions are given secondary priority; specifically, impact collision testing tests the safety under extreme conditions, which is the highest priority; preliminary inspection ensures the stability and safety of the system, and is less important than impact collision testing; vibration testing tests the influence of the vibration generated by the actual operation of the vehicle on the reliability of the fuel cell system, and is less important than preliminary inspection; hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control testing is a test under normal working conditions.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is a fuel cell for a vehicle. The output power test is to measure the maximum output power of the fuel cell using a fuel cell test bench; The system efficiency test measures the system efficiency of the fuel cell under 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% maximum output power working conditions using a fuel cell test bench; The cycle life test is to test the cycle life of the fuel cell under the load of a typical urban working condition of a vehicle, and to record the average 10,000 km attenuation rate as the test result.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is a fuel cell for a vehicle. The comprehensive score of the fuel cell test result is divided into four evaluation levels: A, B, C, and D, where A is 95 points or above, B is between 90 and 95 points, C is between 82 and 90 points, and D is 82 points or below.

4. A fuel cell test evaluation system for vehicles, which employs a fuel cell test evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: The dynamic working condition test module, the extreme condition test module, and the grade evaluation module are included: The dynamic working condition test module is configured to perform impact collision testing, preliminary inspection, vibration testing, hydrogen storage and supply pipeline pressure control testing, leakage control testing, and electrical insulation testing on the safety of the fuel cell under dynamic working conditions, and to perform output power testing, system efficiency testing, and cycle life testing on the functionality of the fuel cell, and to record the test results of each test item; The impact collision test of the hydrogen storage and supply device records the displacement distance between the hydrogen storage and supply device and its fixed support as the test result; The vibration test is to use a vibration table to test the fuel cell under a typical urban road spectrum, and to record the driving distance corresponding to whether the function works normally and the time of the first failure as the test result; The extreme condition test module is configured to perform output power testing and system efficiency testing on the functionality of the fuel cell under extreme conditions, and to record the test results of each test item; The grade evaluation module is configured to set quantitative scores, confidence probabilities, and correlation coefficients for the test results of each test item, to calculate the comprehensive score of the fuel cell test result, and to evaluate the comprehensive evaluation level of the fuel cell; The calculation formula of the comprehensive score U of the fuel cell test result is: N is the number of test items, Xi is the quantitative score corresponding to the test result of the ith test item; Pi is the confidence probability corresponding to the test result of the ith test item, and Ci is the comprehensive evaluation correlation coefficient corresponding to the test result of the ith test item; The setting basis of the test order of each test item is that the safety is the maximum priority, the functionality is the secondary priority; the extreme case is the priority in safety detection, and the normal state is the secondary priority.

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