Batteries that provide high power and high energy density

Abstract

Systems and methods are described that provide battery configurations for delivering high power while maintaining high energy density. Embodiments provide cylindrical batteries that are configured to deliver high energy density while having high power density at least in part by arranging electrode configurations of electrode material for the respective cathode or anode over an extended length of a longitudinal edge of a cathode and / or anode. The electrode configuration can provide a continuous length of electrode material arranged along a longitudinal edge of at least one of the cathode or anode. Additionally or alternatively, the electrode configuration can provide a plurality of electrode tabs having electrode material spaced apart along a longitudinal edge of at least one of the anode or cathode.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 739,823, filed on January 10, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates generally to batteries, and more particularly to batteries configured to provide high power and high energy density. Background Art

[0004] The use of batteries in various forms has become nearly ubiquitous in today's world. With the increasing use of portable or cordless devices such as power tools (e.g., drills, saws, lawn mowers, blowers, sanders, etc.), small appliances (e.g., mixers, blenders, coffee grinders, etc.), communication devices (e.g., smartphones, personal digital assistants, etc.), and office equipment (e.g., computers, tablets, printers, etc.), it is common to use battery technologies of different chemistries and configurations.

[0005] In recent years, lithium-ion battery (LiB) configurations have gained popularity for use with portable or cordless devices. Although LiBs may offer lower chemical stability (e.g., containing flammable electrolytes) than battery configurations such as NiCd, they have higher energy density than many rechargeable battery configurations (e.g., NiCd), LiBs generally have no memory effect and low self-discharge rates, and thus provide a commonly used rechargeable battery configuration in today's portable or cordless devices.

[0006] The size and weight of a portable or cordless device is often an important consideration. Because the size and weight of an onboard rechargeable battery system (typically including multiple individual batteries in the form of a battery pack) often has a significant impact on the overall size and / or weight of the portable or cordless device, the size and weight of the rechargeable battery can be important in the design of the host device. Such size and weight considerations conflict with the need to store and deliver power sufficient to enable efficient and desired use of the host portable or cordless device. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention relates to systems and methods for providing battery configurations for delivering high power while maintaining high energy density. Embodiments of the present invention provide battery embodiments capable of delivering high energy density and having high power density using a wound configuration. Lithium ion battery (LiB) embodiments of the embodiments, for example, deliver energy density greater than 110 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh / kg) and have a power density greater than 2 kilowatts per kilogram (kW / kg).

[0008] A cylindrical battery embodiment of an embodiment of the present invention includes an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte, and a cylindrical shell, wherein the anode and the cathode are juxtaposed in a wound configuration within the cylindrical shell, and the electrolyte is arranged between the opposing surfaces of the anode and the cathode juxtaposed in the wound configuration. The cylindrical battery of the embodiment is configured to deliver high energy density and high power density at the same time at least in part by arranging an electrode configuration for the electrode material of the corresponding cathode or anode on the extended length of the longitudinal edge of the cathode and / or anode according to the concept of the present invention. The extended length of the longitudinal edge of the cathode or anode where the electrode material is arranged may, for example, include a length exceeding twice the outer circumference of the wound configuration, a length equal to or greater than half the length of the longitudinal edge of the cathode or anode, a length substantially equal to the length of the longitudinal edge of the cathode or anode, etc.

[0009] According to some embodiments, an electrode configuration in which electrode material for the corresponding cathode or anode is arranged over an extended length of the longitudinal edge of the cathode and / or anode provides a continuous length of electrode material arranged along the longitudinal edge of at least one of the cathode or anode, wherein the continuous length of the electrode material is at least twice the length of the outer circumference dimension of the wound configuration of the cathode / anode. The continuous length of electrode material can be continuously connected to the terminal of the cylindrical housing of the battery, for example, along the longitudinal edge of the electrode. According to the concepts of the present invention, such a battery configuration can be used to provide a cylindrical battery cell having low impedance, improved structural stability, etc.

[0010] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments, an electrode configuration in which the electrode material for the corresponding anode or cathode is arranged over an extended length of the longitudinal edge of the anode and / or cathode provides a plurality of electrode tabs spaced apart along the longitudinal edge of at least one of the anode or cathode having the electrode material, wherein the plurality of electrode tabs having the electrode material are spaced apart over a length at least twice the outer circumference dimension of the wound configuration of the anode / cathode. The plurality of electrode tabs may, for example, include at least 4 electrode tabs (e.g., 4 to 10 electrode tabs) that are unequally spaced apart over the entire length of at least the outer circumference dimension of the wound configuration, wherein when the planar body of the corresponding anode or cathode is wound in the wound configuration, the unequally spaced electrode tabs are configured to be arranged in juxtaposition. The plurality of electrode tabs may, for example, be coupled to the terminals of the cylindrical housing of the battery as a single juxtaposed tab unit. Such a battery configuration may be used to provide a cylindrical battery cell having a relatively low impedance while facilitating coupling with a battery terminal.

[0011] The features and technical advantages of the present invention have been outlined quite extensively above so that the following detailed description of the present invention may be better understood. The following will describe additional features and advantages of the present invention that form the subject matter of the claims of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the disclosed concepts and specific embodiments may be easily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for the same purpose of achieving the present invention. It will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims. When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the novel features (both with respect to its organization and method of operation) and additional objects and advantages that are considered to be characteristic of the present invention will be better understood from the following description. However, it should be clearly understood that each figure is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and is not intended to be a limitation of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] For a more thorough understanding of the present invention, reference is now made to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0013] Figures 1A to 1C A battery configuration implementing a battery cell construction technique using a continuous electrode member configured to provide reduced battery impedance according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0014] FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C illustrates a battery configuration implementing a battery cell construction technique using a plurality of electrode tabs configured to provide reduced battery impedance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0015] Figure 3 A cylindrical battery cell formed of a wound arrangement of an anode and a cathode with an electrode arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein the electrode material for the respective cathode or anode is arranged over the extended length of the longitudinal edges of the cathode and / or anode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The battery cell construction techniques used in manufacturing various forms of batteries often result in batteries having less than desirable characteristics. For example, under typical operating conditions, energy losses caused by electrical contact resistance at the interfaces between electrode layers and at the contacts with current collectors in current battery configurations may be as high as 20% of the total energy flow of the battery. Therefore, battery configurations provided according to embodiments of the present invention implement battery cell configurations that are configured to reduce battery impedance.

[0017] Figures 1A to 1C as well as FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C Embodiments of battery configurations implementing battery cell construction techniques that provide reduced battery impedance are shown. Figures 1A to 1C Battery configuration 100 and FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C The battery configuration 200 includes a cathode (at Figures 1A to 1C is shown as cathode 110 and is FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C 210) and the anode (shown as the cathode 210 in Figures 1A to 1C is shown as anode 120 and is FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C In a lithium-ion battery (LiB) embodiment, for example, cathodes 110 and 210 may include a planar body (e.g., a sheet or panel) coated with or formed from a lithium oxide alloy or a lithium compound such as lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (LiNi x Mn y Co z O2 (x+y+z=1) or NMC), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (LiNi x Co y Al z O2 (x+y+z=1)), polyanions (e.g., such as lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4)), spinels (e.g., lithium manganate (LiMn2O4, Li2MnO, or LMO)), etc. In such LiB embodiments, the anodes 120 and 220 may include a planar body (e.g., a sheet or panel) having graphite (C6), graphene (e.g., graphene-encapsulated silicon (Si) nanoparticles), silicon or silicon oxide, etc.

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention provide battery embodiments that can deliver high energy density and have high power density using a wound configuration or a cylindrical configuration. The cylindrical battery embodiments of embodiments of the present invention include an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte, and a cylindrical casing. Therefore, the cathodes 110 and 210 and the anodes 120 and 220 of the battery configurations 100 and 200 are preferably as follows: Figure 3 In the wound configuration, the anode 120 / 220 and the cathode 110 / 210 are juxtaposed facing the spiral line, thereby presenting a battery having a Figure 3 Indicated as C O The outer circumference of the cylindrical battery cell. Figures 1A to 1C as well as FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C The electrolyte (in Figure 3301), but it is arranged between the opposing surfaces of the anode and cathode juxtaposed in a wound configuration. In LiB embodiments, for example, the electrolyte 301 may include an organic solvent, a polymer electrolyte, a ceramic solid electrolyte, an ionic liquid electrolyte, etc. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electrolyte 301 may include a lithium salt in an organic solvent, such as an organic carbonate (e.g., ethylene carbonate or diethyl carbonate) containing a lithium ion complex (e.g., an anion salt, such as lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF6), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4), lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF3SO3), etc.).

[0019] According to the concept of the present invention, Figures 1A to 1C as well as FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C An exemplary battery configuration of an embodiment of is configured to deliver high power while maintaining high energy density. In particular, Figures 1A to 1C Battery configuration 100 and FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C The battery configuration 200 provides an electrode configuration that provides electrode materials for the corresponding cathode or anode over an extended length of the longitudinal edge of the cathode and / or anode. For example, the cathodes 110 and 210 may include a conductive plate or foil material (e.g., aluminum) substrate coated with a lithium oxide alloy or other lithium compound, while the anodes 120 and 220 may include a conductive plate or foil material (e.g., copper) substrate coated with graphite (C6), graphene (e.g., graphene-encapsulated silicon (Si) nanoparticles), silicon or silicon oxide, etc. As can be better understood from the discussion below, Figures 1A to 1C The battery configuration 100 provides a continuous electrode (e.g., a continuous strip of conductive sheet extending beyond the corresponding cathode and / or anode coating material) design that can be used with respect to the battery anode and / or cathode. In another embodiment, FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C The battery configuration 200 of the embodiment provides a plurality of electrode tabs (e.g., protruding, grooved, scalloped, etc. examples of extending beyond the conductive sheet of the corresponding cathode and / or anode coating material) designs that can be used with respect to the battery anode and / or cathode. In the battery configurations 100 and 200 of the embodiment, the cathode (L C ) or anode (L A ) of the longitudinal edge where the electrode material is arranged may, for example, include a length exceeding twice the outer circumference of the wound configuration (ie, the length L of the cathode electrode). CE and the length L of the anode electrode AE Average>2·C O ). The extended length of the electrode material of the embodiment of the present invention may include, for example, a length equal to or greater than half of the longitudinal edge length of the cathode or anode, a length substantially equal to the longitudinal edge length of the cathode or anode, etc.

[0020] The electrode design of battery configuration 100 can be used, for example, for either or both of anode 110 and cathode 120 of a particular battery embodiment. Additionally or alternatively, the electrode design of battery configuration 200 can be used for either or both of anode 210 and cathode 220 of a particular battery embodiment. In some battery embodiments, for example, the electrode design of battery configuration 100 can be used with respect to either the anode or cathode, while the electrode design of battery configuration 200 can be used with respect to the other of the cathode or anode. Such a mixed electrode design configuration can be used, for example, to provide a battery configuration with reduced impedance while accommodating manufacturing challenges with respect to attaching or otherwise coupling the electrode of one of the anode or cathode to the corresponding terminal of the battery.

[0021] Having generally described a battery configuration in which the electrode material for the respective cathode or anode is arranged over the extended length of the longitudinal edge of the cathode and / or anode, reference will now be made to Figures 1A to 1C Exemplary embodiments in which a continuous electrode design is used with respect to a battery anode and / or cathode are described in more detail. Figure 1A In the illustrated example, the cathode 110 comprises a planar body having an electrode member 111 disposed along a longitudinal edge of the cathode planar body, wherein the electrode member comprises a continuous length of electrode material. Figure 1A In the illustrated example, the anode 120 comprises a planar body having an electrode member 121 disposed along a longitudinal edge of the anode planar body, wherein the electrode member comprises a continuous length of electrode material.

[0022] The cathode 110 and anode 120 of the battery configuration 100 can be wound into a wound configuration along the longitudinal axis of the cathode planar body and the anode planar body to provide a battery configuration having a Figure 3 Dimensions shown are C O According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the continuous length of electrode material of the electrode member 111 is at least twice the outer circumference size of the wound configuration. For example, Figure 1A As shown, the length of the electrode member 111 can be equal to (e.g., the electrode member 111 can extend the entire length of the cathode) or substantially equal to (e.g., the electrode member 111 can extend a length slightly less than the length of the cathode, for example, at least 90% of the length of the cathode to facilitate handling of the cathode, manufacturing of the battery, etc.) the length of the longitudinal edge of the cathode planar body. Similarly, as Figure 1AAs shown, the length of the electrode member 121 can be equal to (e.g., the electrode member 121 can extend the entire length of the anode) or substantially equal to (e.g., the electrode member 121 can extend a length slightly less than the length of the anode, for example, at least 90% of the length of the anode to facilitate handling of the anode, manufacturing of the battery, etc.) the length of the longitudinal edge of the anode planar body.

[0023] Figure 1B Shown in a slightly isometric perspective Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of line 1B / 2B-1B / 2B of FIG. 1B to make the concentric spiral portions of the electrode material visible. Figure 1B As can be seen in FIG, the electrode material of electrode member 111 (cathode 110) extends beyond the ends of the concentric spiral portions of anode 120, which are interlaced with the concentric spiral portions of cathode 110 when the cathode and anode are wound into a wound configuration. Electrode member 111 is thus positioned (e.g., away from anode 120) to form an electrode unit for coupling to a terminal of a cylindrical battery housing in which a cylindrical battery cell is arranged. For example, as Figure 1C As shown in the partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 , the cathode 110 and anode 120 in a wound configuration can be arranged in a cylindrical housing 130, and the cathode 110 can be coupled to a positive terminal 131 disposed at the end of the cylindrical housing (the anode 120 is similarly coupled to a negative terminal, not shown). Because the electrode member 111 extends along a considerable length of the longitudinal length of the cathode 110 (for example, the length of the cathode electrode is at least greater than twice C O Length (L CE >2·C O ), and in the illustrated example is a length equal to or substantially equal to the cathode length), so that the electrode member 111 provides a configuration that promotes a cylindrical battery cell with low impedance, and thus provides a battery configuration with high power and high energy density.

[0024] It should be understood that although not shown in the Figure 1C The electrolyte 301 is shown in FIG, but is disposed between opposing surfaces of the anode 110 and cathode 120 juxtaposed in a wound configuration. Figure 1C Also not shown is an adhesive that may be applied between the outer surface of the anode 120 and the inner surface of the cylindrical case 130 to secure the cylindrical battery cells to prevent them from moving within the battery.

[0025] In providing a low impedance battery embodiment, the electrode member 111 of the embodiment is continuously coupled to the positive terminal 131 of the cylindrical housing 130 along the longitudinal edge of the electrode member. For example, after the cathode 110 and the anode 120 are wound into a wound configuration, a smoothing process can be applied to the distal edge of the electrode material of the electrode member 111 to provide a uniform height for the concentric spiral portions of the electrode material of the electrode member 111. Such smoothing can include trimming the electrode material, compressing multiple adjacent concentric portions of the concentric portions together, folding or rolling adjacent concentric portions of the concentric portions that are compressed together, rubbing a bare foil to form a compressed uniform plane / surface, etc. Figure 1C For example, an example is shown in which all adjacent concentric portions of the electrode material of the electrode member 111 are compressed together (e.g., gathered) and folded by a smoothing process to provide a low-impedance electrode member presenting a uniform surface to be continuously connected to the positive terminal 131. The compressed concentric portions of the electrode material can be, for example, laser welded and / or otherwise conductively attached to each other (e.g., brazing, conductive epoxy, etc.). Additionally or alternatively, the uniform surface provided by the compressed concentric portions of the electrode material can be continuously connected to a corresponding surface, such as the surface of the positive terminal 131, by laser welding, spot welding, resistance welding, etc. and / or other conductive attachment methods (e.g., brazing, conductive epoxy, etc.).

[0026] It should be understood that although Figure 1C The illustrated example shows that the electrode material of the electrode member 111 is directly coupled to the surface of the positive terminal 131, but according to embodiments of the present invention, the coupling between the electrode member 111 and the positive terminal 131 can be indirect. For example, the battery monitoring electronics (e.g., overcharge protection circuitry and / or deep discharge protection circuitry) can be arranged between the cylindrical battery cell and one or more terminals of the cylindrical housing. In such an embodiment, the uniform surface provided by the compressed concentric portions of the electrode material can be continuously connected to the surface of the intermediate battery monitoring electronics (e.g., annular traces).

[0027] although Figure 1B and Figure 1C The partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 shows the end of the cylindrical battery cell where the electrode member 111 extends, but it should be understood that the end of the cylindrical battery cell and the electrode member 111 extend at the end of the cylindrical battery cell. Figure 1A The other end corresponding to the example of the electrode member 121 is similarly provided with an end at which the electrode member 121 extends. Therefore, as described above with respect to the electrode member 111, a smoothing process can be applied to the electrode material of the electrode member 121, and the electrode material of the electrode member 121 is continuously connected to the corresponding surface, such as the surface of the negative terminal.

[0028] Understandably, according to Figures 1A to 1C In an example of a LiB battery, a continuous length of electrode member 111 couples a substantial portion of cathode 111 to positive terminal 131, and a continuous length of electrode member 121 couples a substantial portion of cathode 121 to a negative terminal (not shown). This embodiment provides a cylindrical battery cell configuration with low impedance (e.g., in an exemplary LiB embodiment, AC internal resistance (ACIR) <5 milliohms, and DC internal resistance (DCIR) <10 milliohms). In addition, the continuous length of electrode material aggregated according to embodiments of the present invention provides improved structural stability for cylindrical battery cells arranged within a battery housing.

[0029] Having described embodiments using a continuous electrode design, reference will now be made to FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C Exemplary embodiments in which a multi-electrode electrode design is used for a battery anode and / or cathode are described in detail. Figure 2A In the illustrated example, the cathode 210 includes a planar body having electrode tabs 211a to 211n (e.g., protrusions, grooves, scalloped portions of a conductive sheet, etc.) arranged along the longitudinal edges of the cathode planar body, wherein the electrode tabs include at least four electrode tabs. Figure 2A In the example shown, the anode 220 includes a planar body having electrode tabs 221a to 221n arranged along the longitudinal edges of the anode planar body, wherein the electrode tabs include at least 4 electrode tabs. The at least 4 electrode tabs provided for the cathode and / or anode can, for example, correspond to the number of concentric turns of the cathode / anode when it is wound in a winding configuration (for example, a winding configuration in which the planar body of the cathode completes 6 turns can include 6 electrode tabs). In an exemplary cylindrical battery implementation, 8 to 9 electrode tabs arranged along a length substantially equal to the cathode / anode length are used to provide optimal battery impedance reduction (for example, adding additional electrode tabs may not significantly reduce the impedance more). Although Figure 2A The example of FIG. 5 shows the same number of electrode tabs 211 a - 211 n and electrode tabs 221 a - 221 n , but embodiments of the present invention may use different numbers of electrode tabs with respect to the cathode and the electrode.

[0030] The cathode 210 and anode 220 of the battery configuration 200 can be wound into a wound configuration along the longitudinal axis of the cathode planar body and the anode planar body to provide a battery configuration having a Figure 3 Dimensions shown are C O According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the electrode material of the electrode tabs 211a to 211n is at least twice the length of the outer circumference of the wound configuration (i.e., the length L of the cathode electrode arrangement). CE and the length L of the anode electrode AEAverage>2·C O ). For example, Figure 2A As shown, the electrode tabs 211a to 211n can be spread over a length equal to (e.g., the spread of the electrode tabs 211a to 211n can extend the entire length of the cathode) or substantially equal to (e.g., the spread of the electrode tabs 211a to 211n can extend a length slightly less than the cathode length, for example, at least 90% of the cathode length to facilitate juxtaposition alignment of the tabs when in a wound configuration) the length of the longitudinal edge of the cathode planar body. Similarly, as Figure 2A As shown, the electrode tabs 221a to 221n can be spread over a length equal to (e.g., the dispersion of the electrode tabs 221a to 221n can extend the entire range of the anode length) or substantially equal to (e.g., the dispersion of the electrode tabs 221a to 221n can extend a length slightly less than the anode length, for example, at least 90% of the anode length to facilitate juxtaposition alignment of the tabs when in a wound configuration) the length of the longitudinal edge of the anode planar body.

[0031] Figure 2B Shown in a slightly isometric perspective Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of line 1B / 2B-1B / 2B of FIG. 1 to make portions of the concentric electrode lugs visible. Figure 2B As can be seen in FIG. 1 , when wound into a wound configuration, the electrode material of the electrode tabs 211a to 211n of the cathode 210 extends beyond the ends of the longitudinal edges of the anode 220. Thus, the electrode tabs 211a to 211n are positioned for connection to the terminals of a cylindrical battery case in which the cylindrical battery cells are arranged. For example, Figure 2C As shown in the partial cross-sectional view of FIG, the wound cathode 210 and anode 220 can be arranged in a cylindrical housing 230, and the cathode 210 can be connected to a positive terminal 231 arranged at the end of the cylindrical housing (the anode 220 is similarly connected to a negative terminal, not shown). Because the electrode tabs 211a to 211n have a considerable length along the longitudinal length of the cathode 210 (for example, at least more than twice the length of the cathode 210). O Length (L CE >2·C O ), and in the example shown is a length equal to or substantially equal to the cathode length), so that the electrode tabs 211a to 211n provide a configuration that promotes a cylindrical battery cell with relatively low impedance, and thus provides a battery configuration with relatively high power and high energy density.

[0032] It should be understood that although not shown in the Figure 2C The electrolyte 301 is shown in FIG, but is disposed between opposing surfaces of the anode 210 and cathode 220 juxtaposed in a wound configuration. Figure 2CAlso not shown is an adhesive (eg, expansion tape, glue, tape, etc.) that may be applied between the outer surface of anode 220 and the inner surface of cylindrical housing 230 to secure the cylindrical battery cells to prevent them from moving within the battery.

[0033] In battery embodiments that provide relatively low impedance, the electrode tabs 211a to 211n of the embodiment are commonly coupled to the positive terminal 231 of the cylindrical housing 230. For example, the electrode tabs 211a to 211n are preferably unequally spaced over a length that is at least twice the outer circumference of the wound configuration (e.g., over the entire length L). CE and / or L AE are unequally spaced, where L CE and L AE Average>2·C O ), wherein when the planar body of cathode 210 is wound in a wound configuration, the unequally spaced first electrode tabs are configured in a juxtaposed arrangement. After the cathode 210 and the anode 220 are wound in a wound configuration, a smoothing process may be applied to the distal edges of the electrode material of the electrode tabs 211a to 211n to provide a uniform height for the electrode material of the juxtaposed electrode tabs 211a to 211n. Such smoothing may include trimming the electrode material, compressing a plurality of adjacent electrode tabs in the electrode tabs together, folding or rolling adjacent electrode tabs compressed together in the electrode tabs, and the like. Figure 2C For example, an example is shown in which all juxtaposed electrode tabs 211a to 211n are compressed together (e.g., gathered) and folded by a smoothing process to provide a low-impedance juxtaposed tab unit presenting a uniform surface to be connected to the positive terminal 231. The compressed portions of the electrode material can be, for example, laser welded and / or otherwise conductively attached to each other (e.g., brazing, conductive epoxy, etc.). Additionally or alternatively, the uniform surface provided by the compressed portions of the electrode material can be connected to a corresponding surface, such as the surface of the positive terminal 231, by laser welding, spot welding, resistance welding, etc. and / or other conductive attachment methods (e.g., brazing, conductive epoxy, etc.).

[0034] It should be understood that although Figure 2CThe illustrated example shows that the electrode material of the electrode tabs 211a to 211n is directly coupled to the surface of the positive terminal 231, but according to embodiments of the present invention, the coupling between the electrode tabs 211a to 211n and the positive terminal 231 can be indirect. For example, battery monitoring electronics (e.g., overcharge protection circuitry and / or deep discharge protection circuitry) can be arranged between the cylindrical battery cell and one or more terminals of the cylindrical housing. In such an embodiment, the uniform surface provided by the compressed portions of the electrode material can be connected to the surface of the intermediate battery monitoring electronics (e.g., a pad).

[0035] although Figure 2B and Figure 2C The partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 shows the end of the cylindrical battery cell at which the electrode tabs 211a to 211n extend, but it should be understood that the end of the cylindrical battery cell and the electrode tabs 211a to 211n extend. Figure 2A The other end corresponding to the example of the electrode tabs 221a to 221n is similarly provided with an end at which the electrode tabs 221a to 221n extend. Therefore, as described above with respect to the electrode tabs 211a to 211n, a smoothing process can be applied to the electrode material of the electrode tabs 221a to 221n, and the electrode material of the electrode tabs 221a to 221n is connected to a corresponding surface, such as the surface of the negative terminal.

[0036] Understandably, according to FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C In the example of , electrode tabs 211a-211n couple a substantial portion of cathode 211 to positive terminal 231, and electrode tabs 221a-221n couple a substantial portion of cathode 221 to a negative terminal (not shown). This embodiment provides a configuration of a cylindrical battery cell with relatively low impedance.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for providing a cylindrical battery embodiment according to the above-mentioned battery configurations 100 and 200 includes juxtaposing a planar body of an anode (e.g., anode 120 or 220) and a planar body of a cathode (e.g., cathode 110 or 120) in a wound configuration, and arranging an electrolyte (e.g., electrolyte 301) between opposing surfaces of the juxtaposed anode planar body and cathode planar body. As described above, at least one of the anode or cathode includes a planar body that is at least the outer circumference (e.g., C O) dimension along the longitudinal edge of the planar body. The electrode configuration may, for example, include an electrode member having a continuous length of electrode material that is at least twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration (e.g., the continuous length of the first electrode material may be equal to or substantially equal to the length of the longitudinal edge of the first planar body). As another example, the electrode configuration may include a plurality of electrode tabs having electrode material spaced apart over a length that is at least twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration (e.g., the plurality of electrode tabs may include at least 4 electrode tabs that are unequally spaced apart over the entire length that is at least twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration, wherein the unequally spaced electrode tabs are configured to be juxtaposed when the planar body is wound in a wound configuration).

[0038] According to an embodiment of the method for providing a cylindrical battery embodiment, a smoothing process can be implemented with respect to the electrode configuration to provide a uniform surface to be connected to the corresponding terminal of the cylindrical battery. The juxtaposed anode planar body and cathode planar body wound in a winding configuration can be arranged in a cylindrical shell (e.g., cylindrical shell 130 or cylindrical shell 230) of the cylindrical battery, and in an electrode material of at least one of the corresponding terminals of the cylindrical shell (e.g., electrode member 111 connected to positive terminal 131, electrode member 121 connected to negative terminal, electrode tabs 211a to 211n connected to positive terminal 231, and / or electrode tabs 221a to 221n connected to negative terminal). Connecting the electrode material to the terminal can, for example, include connecting the electrode member to the terminal of the cylindrical shell so that the electrode member is continuously connected along the longitudinal edge of the electrode member having a continuous length of electrode material. As another example, coupling the electrode material to the terminal may include coupling the plurality of electrode tabs as a single juxtaposed tab unit to the terminal of the cylindrical housing.

[0039] A method for providing a cylindrical battery embodiment consistent with the above example can be used to provide a lithium ion battery (LiB) embodiment according to an embodiment of the present invention. The LiB provided according to this method (e.g., a LiB using one of the battery configurations 100 and 200) is configured to deliver an energy density greater than 110 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh / kg) and has a power density greater than 2 kilowatts per kilogram (kW / kg).

[0040] The battery configuration using the battery cell construction technology implementing the reduced battery impedance according to the embodiments of the present invention provides a battery that is very suitable for various configurations for constructing high power and high energy density battery packs. For example, the battery according to the embodiments of the present invention can be used to construct a battery pack with multiple individual cylindrical battery cells in the following manner: 5 series 1 parallel (5S1P) configuration, 5 series 2 parallel (5S2P) configuration, 7 series 2 parallel (7S2P) configuration, 10 series 1 parallel (10S1P) configuration, 10 series 2 parallel (10S2P) configuration, 10 series 3 parallel (10S3P) configuration, 20 series 1 parallel (20S1P) configuration, 20 series 2 parallel (20S2P) configuration, 20 series 3 parallel (20S3P) configuration, and other various battery configurations.

[0041] The table below shows the characteristics of 5Ah battery cells in 21700 format that have been implemented according to the above example using a continuous length electrode material configuration and have been made into a 5S1P configured battery pack with a maximum charging voltage of 21V.

[0042]

[0043] Capacity(Ah) 5 Weight of battery cell (kg) 0.078 Volume of battery cell (L) 0.024 Weight of battery pack (kg) 0.490 Battery pack volume (L) 0.492

[0044] The cells and battery packs constructed therefrom that provide high power and high energy density are very suitable for use in various portable or cordless devices, such as power tools (e.g., drills, saws, lawn mowers, blowers, sanders, etc.), small appliances (e.g., mixers, blenders, coffee grinders, etc.), communication devices (e.g., smart phones, personal digital assistants, etc.), and office equipment (e.g., computers, tablets, printers, etc.). For example, the improved power density characteristics and energy density characteristics of such cells and battery packs help to extend the use of such portable or cordless devices, increased power motors and / or other components in portable or cordless devices, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the improved power density characteristics and energy density characteristics of such cells and battery packs make portable or cordless devices more convenient or facilitate reduced size and / or weight.

[0045] Although the embodiments of the batteries and battery packs implemented according to the concepts of the present invention have been described with reference to use in various portable devices or cordless devices, it should be understood that the use of such batteries and battery packs is not limited thereto. Batteries and battery packs configured to provide high power and high energy density according to the concepts herein can be used, for example, to power devices such as electric vehicles, backup / uninterruptible power supplies, etc.

[0046] Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and variations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. In addition, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, material composition, device, method and step described in the specification. As will be readily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, the process, machine, manufacture, material composition, device, method or step currently existing or to be developed later, which performs substantially the same function or realizes the result substantially the same as the corresponding embodiment described herein, can be utilized according to the present invention. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to include such process, machine, manufacture, material composition, device, method or step within its scope.

[0047] Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification.

Claims

1. A lithium ion battery (LiB), comprising: anode; cathode; Electrolytes; a cylindrical casing, wherein the anode and cathode are juxtaposed in a wound configuration within the cylindrical casing, wherein each of the anode and the cathode includes concentric spiral portions that are interleaved with concentric spiral portions of the other, wherein the electrolyte is disposed between opposing surfaces of the anode and the cathode of the wound configuration; a continuous electrode member of a first electrode configuration disposed along a first longitudinal edge of a first electrode of the LiB, wherein the first electrode is the anode or the cathode and a second electrode of the LiB is the other of the anode or the cathode, the continuous electrode member comprising a continuous length of first electrode material over a length greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and extending beyond a first end of the concentric spiral portions of the first electrode, the concentric spiral portions being interleaved with the second electrode of the wound configuration, wherein adjacent concentric portions of the continuous length of the first electrode material are compressed together to form a compressed uniform surface that is directly coupled to a negative terminal or a positive terminal of the cylindrical casing; and a plurality of electrode tabs of a second electrode configuration arranged along a second longitudinal edge of the second electrode, the plurality of electrode tabs comprising instances of protrusions of a second electrode material unequally spaced over a length greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and extending beyond a second end of the concentric spiral portions of the second electrode, the concentric spiral portions being interleaved with the first electrode of the wound configuration, wherein adjacent concentric portions of the protrusions of the second electrode material are compressed together to form a compressed single tab unit having a juxtaposed alignment of the plurality of electrode tabs coupled to pads of battery monitoring electronics disposed between the second electrode and the other of the negative terminal or the positive terminal of the cylindrical housing, wherein: The first electrode configuration and the second electrode configuration configure the LiB to deliver 110 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh / kg) and to discharge at greater than 2 kilowatts per kilogram (kW / kg).

2. The LiB of claim 1, wherein: At least one of the anode or the cathode includes a first planar body wound in the wound configuration along a first longitudinal axis of the first planar body, and The other of the anode or the cathode includes a second planar body wound in the wound configuration along a second longitudinal axis of the second planar body.

3. The LiB of claim 2, wherein: The first electrode configuration is continuously coupled to the negative terminal or the positive terminal of the cylindrical housing along the first longitudinal edge, and The cathode includes a conductive material coated with a lithium oxide alloy, and the anode includes a conductive material coated with graphene.

4. The LiB of claim 2, wherein: When the first planar body is wound in the wound configuration, the instances of the protrusions of the second electrode material that are unequally spaced over a length greater than two times the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration are configured in a juxtaposed arrangement.

5. The LiB of claim 1, wherein: The LiB is one of a plurality of LiBs forming a battery pack, and Each LiB of the plurality of LiBs is configured to deliver greater than 110 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh / kg) and to discharge at greater than 2 kilowatts per kilogram (kW / kg).

6. The LiB according to claim 5, wherein The plurality of LiBs comprises a battery configuration selected from the group consisting of: 10 series 1 parallel (10S1P) construction; 10 series 2 parallel (10S2P) construction; 10 series 3 parallel (10S3P) configuration; and 20 series 3 parallel (20S3P) construction.

7. A cylindrical battery comprising: anode; cathode; Electrolytes; as well as A cylindrical shell wherein: The anode and the cathode are juxtaposed in a wound configuration within the cylindrical housing, wherein each of the anode and the cathode includes concentric spiral portions that are interleaved with concentric spiral portions of the other, the electrolyte is disposed between opposing surfaces of the anode and the cathode of the wound configuration, At least one of the anode or the cathode comprises a first planar body wound in the wound configuration along a first longitudinal axis of the first planar body, wherein the first electrode of the cylindrical battery is the anode or the cathode and the second electrode of the cylindrical battery is the other of the anode or the cathode, and the first electrode comprising a continuous electrode member of a first electrode configuration arranged along a first longitudinal edge of the first planar body, the continuous electrode member comprising a continuous length of first electrode material over a length greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and extending beyond the ends of the concentric spiral portions of the first electrode interleaved with the second electrode of the wound configuration, wherein adjacent concentric portions of the continuous length of the first electrode material are compressed together to form a compressed uniform surface that is directly coupled to a negative terminal or a positive terminal of the cylindrical housing; and The second electrode comprises a plurality of electrode tabs of a second electrode configuration arranged along a second longitudinal edge of the second electrode, the plurality of electrode tabs comprising instances of protrusions of a second electrode material, the instances of the protrusions being unequally spaced apart over a length greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and extending beyond a second end of the concentric spiral portions of the second electrode, the concentric spiral portions being interleaved with the first electrode of the wound configuration, wherein adjacent concentric portions of the instances of the protrusions of the second electrode material are compressed together to form a compressed single tab unit having a juxtaposed alignment of the plurality of electrode tabs coupled to pads of battery monitoring electronics disposed between the second electrode and the other of the negative terminal or the positive terminal of the cylindrical housing, wherein: The first electrode configuration and the second electrode configuration configure the cylindrical battery to deliver 110 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh / kg) and to discharge at greater than 2 kilowatts per kilogram (kW / kg).

8. The cylindrical battery according to claim 7, wherein: The first electrode configuration is continuously connected to the negative terminal or the positive terminal of the cylindrical casing along a longitudinal edge of the first electrode configuration having the continuous length of first electrode material.

9. The cylindrical battery according to claim 7, wherein: The second electrode configuration comprises: When the first planar body is wound in the wound configuration, the instances of the protrusions of the second electrode material that are unequally spaced over a length greater than two times the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration are configured in a juxtaposed arrangement.

10. The cylindrical battery according to claim 7, wherein: The cylindrical battery is a lithium-ion battery (LiB), The cylindrical battery is one of a plurality of cylindrical batteries forming a battery pack, and each cylindrical battery in the plurality of cylindrical batteries is configured for the battery pack to deliver greater than 110 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh / kg) and to discharge at greater than 2 kilowatts per kilogram (kW / kg).

11. A method comprising: A first planar body of an anode and a second planar body of a cathode of a cylindrical battery are juxtaposed in a wound configuration, wherein each of the anode and the cathode comprises concentric spiral portions that are interlaced with concentric spiral portions of the other, an electrolyte is disposed between opposing surfaces of the first planar body and the second planar body, wherein the first electrode of the cylindrical battery is the anode or the cathode and the second electrode of the cylindrical battery is the other of the anode or the cathode, wherein: the first electrode comprising a continuous electrode member of a first electrode configuration arranged along a first longitudinal edge of the first planar body or the second planar body, the continuous electrode member comprising a continuous length of first electrode material over a length greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and extending beyond a first end of the concentric spiral portions of the first electrode, the concentric spiral portions being interleaved with the second electrode of the wound configuration, wherein adjacent concentric portions of the continuous length of the first electrode material are compressed together to form a compressed uniform surface that is directly coupled to a positive terminal or a negative terminal of the cylindrical battery; and the second electrode comprising a plurality of electrode tabs of a second electrode configuration arranged along a second longitudinal edge of the first planar body or the second planar body, the plurality of electrode tabs comprising instances of protrusions of a second electrode material, the instances of the protrusions being unequally spaced apart over a length greater than two times the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and extending beyond a second end of the concentric spiral portions of the second electrode, the concentric spiral portions being interleaved with the first electrode of the wound configuration, wherein adjacent concentric portions of the instances of the protrusions of the second electrode material are compressed together to form a compressed single tab unit having a juxtaposed alignment of the plurality of electrode tabs coupled to a pad of battery monitoring electronics disposed between the second electrode and the other of the positive terminal or the negative terminal of the cylindrical battery, wherein the first electrode configuration and the second electrode configuration configure the cylindrical battery to deliver 110 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh / kg) and to discharge at greater than 2 kilowatts per kilogram (kW / kg); arranging the first planar body and the second planar body within a cylindrical housing; and The electrode material of the at least one of the anode or the cathode is coupled to the positive terminal or the negative terminal of the cylindrical battery.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein: The continuous length of the first electrode material is substantially equal to the length of the first longitudinal edge of the first planar body.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein: Connecting the electrode material to the negative terminal or the positive terminal comprises: The first electrode configuration is coupled to the negative terminal or the positive terminal of the cylindrical battery such that the first electrode configuration is continuously connected along the first longitudinal edge of the first electrode configuration having the continuous length of electrode material.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein: The plurality of electrode tabs include at least 8 protruding instances of the second electrode material, and Connecting the electrode material to the terminal includes: The tab unit is coupled to a pad of battery monitoring electronics disposed between the second electrode and the negative terminal or the positive terminal of the cylindrical battery.

15. The LiB of claim 1, wherein the first electrode material is disposed along the first longitudinal edge of the first electrode before winding the first electrode into the wound configuration.

16. The method of claim 11, further comprising: Smoothing the distal edge of the first electrode material, wherein smoothing the distal edge of the electrode material comprises: Trimming part of the electrode material, compressing a plurality of the adjacent concentric portions together, and Adjacent ones of the concentric spiral portions that are compressed together are folded or rolled to form a compressed uniform surface.

17. The LiB of claim 1, wherein the LiB is one of a plurality of LiBs forming a battery, and wherein the plurality of LiBs comprises a battery configuration selected from the group consisting of: 10 series 1 parallel (10S1P) structure, 10 series 2 parallel (10S2P) configuration, and 10 series 3 parallel (10S3P) structure.

18. The LiB of claim 1, wherein the LiB is one of a plurality of LiBs forming a battery pack, and wherein the plurality of LiBs comprises a 20 series 3 parallel (20S3P) configuration.

19. The method of claim 11, further comprising: A battery pack including a plurality of cylindrical batteries is formed, including the cylindrical batteries, wherein the battery pack includes a battery pack configuration of a 20 series 3 parallel (20S3P) configuration.

20. The LiB of claim 1, wherein the continuous length of the continuous electrode member is greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and less than the length of the first longitudinal edge of the first electrode.

21. The LiB of claim 1, wherein the continuous length of the continuous electrode member is greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and is half the length of the first longitudinal edge of the first electrode.

22. The cylindrical battery of claim 7, wherein the continuous length of the continuous electrode member is greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and less than the length of the first longitudinal edge of the first electrode.

23. The cylindrical battery of claim 7, wherein the continuous length of the continuous electrode member is greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and is half the length of the first longitudinal edge of the first electrode.

24. The method of claim 11, wherein the continuous length of the continuous electrode member is greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and less than the length of the first longitudinal edge of the first electrode.

25. The method of claim 11, wherein the continuous length of the continuous electrode member is greater than twice the outer circumferential dimension of the wound configuration and is half the length of the first longitudinal edge of the first electrode.

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