Processing method and equipment for shielding holes

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and equipment for processing a blind hole, wherein the method comprises the following steps: S10: preparing a test plate of the same material and thickness based on the material of a part to be processed and the theoretical wall thickness of the location where the blind hole is pre-processed on the part to be processed; S20: establishing a first processing program for the test plate, processing a test hole on the test plate using the first processing program, and after processing, inspecting whether the test hole meets the dimensional specifications of the blind hole. If the test hole does not meet the dimensional specifications, adjusting the processing parameters in the first processing program until the test hole meets the dimensional specifications; S30: converting the first processing program into a second processing program for the part to be processed based on the coordinate relationship between the part to be processed and the test plate; and S40: processing the blind hole on the part to be processed using the second processing program. The present invention can complete the blind hole processing on a machine tool in one go, and can better meet the blind hole processing specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a processing method and processing equipment for shielding holes. Background Art

[0002] When machining certain annular parts for aircraft engines, a type of blind hole is often encountered. The main characteristics of this type of blind hole are a small diameter, a blinded hole outlet, and a close distance between the outlet and the blinded surface, resulting in a narrow space. This makes it impossible to chamfer the hole outlet from the blinded surface. Therefore, when machining this type of blind hole, the chamfer can only be performed from the hole inlet direction.

[0003] However, due to the small opening of this type of hole, the strict tolerance of the outlet fillet size, and the high requirements for the fillet transition surface, direct measurement and correction cannot be performed on the machine tool. The fillet size often exceeds the tolerance, and the adjacent fillet surfaces are overcut or undercut, resulting in the need for rework, repair, or even scrapping of the product. Therefore, the relevant direct reverse fillet processing method cannot meet the processing requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a shielding hole processing method and processing equipment, which are used to alleviate the problem that related shielding hole processing methods cannot well meet processing requirements.

[0005] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for processing a shielding hole, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S10: preparing a test plate of the same material and thickness according to the material of the part to be processed and the theoretical wall thickness at the position of the pre-processed shielding hole on the part to be processed;

[0007] S20: establishing a first processing program for the test plate, using the first processing program to process a test hole on the test plate, and after processing, inspecting whether the test hole meets the size specification requirements of the masking hole. If the test hole does not meet the size specification requirements, adjusting the processing parameters in the first processing program until the test hole meets the size specification requirements;

[0008] S30: converting the first processing program into a second processing program for the part to be processed according to the coordinate relationship between the part to be processed and the test plate; and

[0009] S40: using the second processing program to process the shielding hole on the part to be processed.

[0010] In some embodiments, before step S20, step S11 is further included: establishing a first processing coordinate system of the test plate and a second processing coordinate system of the part to be processed, and obtaining the coordinate relationship between the part to be processed and the test plate according to the coordinate transformation of the second processing coordinate system and the first processing coordinate system.

[0011] In some embodiments, in step S20, if the test hole does not meet the size specification requirements, the processing parameters in the first processing program are adjusted until the test hole meets the size specification requirements, including:

[0012] S21: If the size of the test hole is not reached, adjust the processing parameters in the first processing program and process the test hole again;

[0013] S22: If the size of the test hole is too large, adjust the position of the test plate, re-establish the first processing coordinate system of the test plate, adjust the processing parameters in the first processing program, and re-process the test hole on the test plate;

[0014] S23: Inspect the test hole. If the size of the test hole is not reached, return to step S21; if the size of the test hole is too large, return to step S22 until the test hole meets the size specification requirements.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step S30, if the actual wall thickness of the part to be processed at the location where the shielding hole is pre-processed is consistent with the actual wall thickness of the test plate, the processing parameters in the second processing program are the same as the processing parameters in the first processing program.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step S30, if the actual wall thickness at the position of the pre-processed shielding hole on the part to be processed is inconsistent with the actual wall thickness of the test plate, the various processing parameters in the first processing program are converted through a conversion algorithm to obtain the various processing parameters in the second processing program.

[0017] In some embodiments, the detecting whether the test hole meets the size specification requirements of the shielding hole includes detecting whether the test hole is consistent with the size specifications of the shielding hole pre-machined on the part to be machined.

[0018] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a masking hole processing device, which is used to implement the above-mentioned masking hole processing method. The processing device includes a controller and a tool. The controller is configured to preset a first processing program and a second processing program. The tool is configured to process a test hole and a masking hole.

[0019] In some embodiments, the processing equipment for shielding the hole includes a workbench, a first fixture and a second fixture, wherein the first fixture and the second fixture are both arranged on the workbench, wherein the first fixture is configured to fix the part to be processed, and the second fixture is configured to fix the test plate.

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In some embodiments, a test plate with the same material and thickness as the part to be processed is used to compile a first processing program for processing a test hole on the test plate. The test hole is processed by the first processing program. Since the lower space of the test plate is open, the reverse rounding on the test hole can be directly measured to verify whether the test hole is qualified. If the test hole is unqualified, the processing parameters in the first processing program are adjusted until the test hole is qualified, and then the first processing program is converted into a second processing program for a shielding hole on the part to be processed. The shielding hole is processed by the second processing program converted from the first processing program. The processing of the shielding hole including the reverse rounding can be completed on the machine tool at one time, and the size of the rounded corner is qualified, and the adjacent surfaces of the rounded corner will not be overcut or undercut, which can better meet the processing requirements of the shielding hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for processing shielded holes according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A simplified schematic diagram of a processing device for shielding holes according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure;

[0026] Figure 4 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of a shielding hole provided according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the process of processing a shielding hole according to some specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are described as follows:

[0029] 1-part to be processed; 11-shielding hole; 111-first end surface; 112-second end surface; 12-shielding portion; 13-rounded corner;

[0030] 2-test plate; 21-test hole; 211-third end surface; 212-fourth end surface;

[0031] 3- tool; 4- workbench; 5- first fixture; 6- second fixture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] When machining certain annular parts for aircraft engines, it's often necessary to create a series of blind holes. These blind holes are characterized by a small diameter, a blind portion at the hole's exit, and a close distance between the hole's exit and the blind portion, creating a confined space. This makes it impossible to chamfer the hole's exit from the direction of the blind portion. Therefore, when chamfering the hole's exit, the only option is to perform a reverse chamfer from the hole's entrance.

[0035] For example: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the part 1 to be processed is a part of an aircraft engine (made of high-temperature alloy). The distance between the first end face 111 and the second end face 112 of the shielding hole 11 on the part 1 to be processed along the axial direction of the hole is only 8 mm, which is very small. In addition, the side of the second end face 112 of the shielding hole 11 adjacent to the part 1 to be processed is also provided with a shielding portion 12. The shielding portion 12 blocks the outlet of the shielding hole 11. Therefore, the processing of the shielding hole 11 (including the fillet at the outlet of the shielding hole 11) can only be fed from the first end face 111. The fillet 13 at the outlet of the shielding hole 11 (such as Figure 4 The dimensional tolerance requirement of the part (as shown) is R0.8±0.1. Not only is the tolerance requirement strict, but it also requires R filleting. When processing on a machine tool, due to the small space at the exit of the shielding hole 11, it is very difficult to measure. The tool can only be processed based on theory. If there is a slight error, it will cause over-cutting or under-cutting of adjacent filleting surfaces and the filleting size to exceed the tolerance.

[0036] Based on this, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for processing a masking hole, which is used to alleviate the problem of unqualified masking holes on a part to be processed during one-time processing.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, some embodiments provide a method for processing a shielding hole, which includes the following steps:

[0038] S10: preparing a test plate 2 of the same material and thickness according to the material of the part 1 to be processed and the theoretical wall thickness at the position of the pre-processed shielding hole 11 on the part 1 to be processed;

[0039] S20: Establishing a first processing program for the test plate 2, using the first processing program to process a test hole 21 on the test plate 2. After processing, checking whether the test hole 21 meets the dimensional specifications of the shielding hole 11. If the test hole 21 does not meet the dimensional specifications of the shielding hole 11, adjusting the processing parameters in the first processing program until the test hole 21 meets the dimensional specifications of the shielding hole 11.

[0040] S30: converting the first processing program into a second processing program for the part 1 to be processed according to the coordinate relationship between the part 1 to be processed and the test plate 2; and

[0041] S40: Using the second processing program to process the shielding hole 11 on the part 1 to be processed.

[0042] In some embodiments, a test plate 2 having the same material and thickness as the part 1 to be processed is used, and a first processing program for processing a test hole 21 on the test plate 2 is compiled. The test hole 21 is processed by the first processing program. Since the lower space of the test plate 2 is open, the chamfered corners of the outlet of the test hole 21 can be measured to verify whether the test hole 21 is qualified (meets the size specification requirements of the shielding hole 11). If the test hole 21 is unqualified, the processing parameters in the first processing program are adjusted until the test hole 21 is qualified, and then the first processing program is converted into a second processing program for the shielding hole 11 on the part 1 to be processed. The shielding hole 21 is processed by the second processing program converted from the first processing program. The reverse chamfer processing of the shielding hole 21 can be completed at one time on the machine tool, and the chamfered corner size can be qualified, and the phenomenon of overcutting or undercutting of adjacent chamfered corners will not occur. After verification in batch production processing in the factory, the processing method of the shielding hole provided in this embodiment alleviates the problem of unqualified reverse chamfering of parts in one time, reduces the processing cost of the product, shortens the processing cycle of the product, and is ingeniously designed, simple and practical.

[0043] In some embodiments, the processing parameters include feed amount and feed direction, etc.

[0044] In some embodiments, before step S20, step S11 is also included: establishing a first processing coordinate system of the test plate 2 and a second processing coordinate system of the part to be processed 1, and obtaining the coordinate relationship between the part to be processed 1 and the test plate 2 according to the coordinate transformation of the second processing coordinate system and the first processing coordinate system.

[0045] In some embodiments, in step S20, if the test hole 21 does not meet the size specification requirements of the shielding hole 11, the processing parameters in the first processing program are adjusted until the test hole 21 meets the size specification requirements of the shielding hole 11, including:

[0046] S21: If the size of the test hole 21 is not reached, adjust the processing parameters in the first processing program and process the test hole 21 again;

[0047] S22: If the size of the test hole 21 is too large, adjust the position of the test plate 2, re-establish the first machining coordinate system of the test plate 2, adjust the machining parameters in the first machining program, and re-machine the test hole 21 on the test plate 2;

[0048] S23: Inspect the test hole 21. If the size of the test hole 21 is not up to standard, return to step S21; if the size of the test hole 21 is oversized, return to step S22 until the test hole 21 is qualified.

[0049] In some embodiments, in step S30, if the actual wall thickness at the position of the pre-processed shielding hole 11 on the part 1 to be processed is consistent with the actual wall thickness of the test plate 2, the various processing parameters in the second processing program are the same as the various processing parameters in the first processing program.

[0050] In some embodiments, in step S30, if the actual wall thickness at the position of the pre-processed shielding hole 11 on the part to be processed 1 is inconsistent with the actual wall thickness of the test plate 2, the various processing parameters in the first processing program are converted through a conversion algorithm to obtain the various processing parameters in the second processing program.

[0051] In some embodiments, detecting whether the test hole 21 meets the size specification requirements of the shielding hole 11 includes detecting whether the test hole 21 is consistent with the size specifications of the shielding hole 11 pre-machined on the part 1 to be machined.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, some embodiments provide a shielding hole processing device, which is used to implement the above-mentioned shielding hole processing method. The processing device includes a controller and a tool 3. The controller is configured to preset a first processing program and a second processing program. The tool 3 is configured to process a test hole 21 and a shielding hole 11.

[0053] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the processing equipment for shielding the hole includes a workbench 4, a first fixture 5 and a second fixture 6, and the first fixture 5 and the second fixture 6 are both arranged on the workbench 4, wherein the first fixture 5 is configured to fix the part to be processed 1, and the second fixture 6 is configured to fix the test plate 2.

[0054] In some embodiments, the method for processing a shielding hole includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Based on the material of the part 1 to be processed and the theoretical wall thickness b of the part 1 to be processed at the shielding hole 11, design and manufacture a metal test plate 2 with a thickness c (the difference between c and b is no more than 0.2 mm);

[0056] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, along the axial direction of the shielding hole 11, the shielding hole 11 includes a first end face 111 and a second end face 112. The first end face 111 is the entrance of the shielding hole 11, and the second end face 112 is the exit of the shielding hole 11. The theoretical wall thickness b of the part 1 to be machined at the shielding hole 11 is the distance between the first end face 111 and the second end face 112. Along the axial direction of the test hole 21, the test hole 21 includes a third end face 211 and a fourth end face 212. The third end face 211 is the entrance of the test hole 21, and the fourth end face 212 is the exit of the test hole 21. The theoretical wall thickness c of the test plate 2 at the test hole 21 is the distance between the third end face 211 and the fourth end face 212.

[0057] Step 2: Select appropriate tools and processing parameters, and compile a first processing program for machining the test hole 21 on the test plate 2, and a second processing program for machining the shielding hole 11 on the part to be machined 1. The following conditions must be met:

[0058] 1) The hole machining tools and machining parameters of the part 1 to be machined and the test plate 2 are the same.

[0059] 2) The first processing program for processing the test hole 21 on the test plate 2 can be used alone.

[0060] 3) The hole machining coordinate systems of the part 1 to be machined and the test plate 2 are two independent ones.

[0061] 4) In the first processing program, the test plate thickness parameter value c and the wall thickness parameter value b of the part to be processed 1 at the shielded hole 11 are set, and in the second processing program, the test plate thickness parameter value c and the wall thickness parameter value b of the part to be processed 1 at the shielded hole 11 are set, and they should be related to the cutting depth of the hole counter-rounding tool 3 respectively.

[0062] 5) Set an associative conversion method between the actual value b1 of the wall thickness at the shielding hole 11 of the part 1 to be processed and the actual value c1 of the thickness of the test plate 2, so as to automatically associate and reference and calculate the processing parameters in the second processing program based on the processing parameters in the first processing program.

[0063] Step 3: Measure and record the actual wall thickness value b1 of the shielded hole of the part 1 to be processed and the actual thickness value c1 of the test plate 2.

[0064] Step 4: Input the actual wall thickness dimension value b1 at the shielded hole of the part to be processed 1 and the actual thickness dimension c1 of the test plate 2 into the second processing program, and input the actual wall thickness dimension value b1 at the shielded hole of the part to be processed 1 and the actual thickness dimension c1 of the test plate 2 into the first processing program.

[0065] Step 5: Install the part to be processed 1 and the test plate 2 on the workbench 4 of the machine tool respectively, and fix them by the first clamp 5 and the second clamp 6 respectively, align them on the first end face 111 of the part to be processed 1 and the third end face 211 of the test plate 2 respectively, and establish the processing coordinate system respectively.

[0066] Step 6: Complete the processing of a test hole 21 on the test plate 2.

[0067] Since the bottom of the test plate 2 is open, the counter-round corner of the outlet of the test hole 21 can be measured, so a margin is first left (single-side margin 0.1mm to 0.3mm) for semi-finishing the counter-round of the test hole 21, and then the actual counter-round size is measured, the difference is calculated, and the tool compensation is adjusted. Finally, the counter-round of the test hole 21 is finished and measured.

[0068] If the test hole 21 fails to meet the measurement requirements after counter-rounding, the reason is that the size is not reached. The tool compensation can be readjusted and processed again until it meets the requirements. If the reason is that the size is too large, the position of the test plate 2 is adjusted, and the processing coordinate system is re-established at the position of other unprocessed holes in the test plate 2. Repeat step 6 until the test hole 21 meets the requirements.

[0069] Step 7: Use the tool and tool compensation in step 6 to adjust the second processing program and complete the processing of the shielding hole of the part 1 to be processed through the second processing program.

[0070] Step 8: Disassemble the part 1 to be processed and inspect the reverse rounding of the shielding hole on the part 1 to be processed.

[0071] In some embodiments, the theoretical wall thickness b of the part 1 to be processed at the shielding hole is 6.35 mm.

[0072] In some embodiments, a correlation conversion method is set between the actual wall thickness value b1 at the shielding hole 11 of the part 1 to be processed and the actual thickness value c1 of the test plate 2, so as to automatically associate and reference and calculate the processing parameters in the second processing program based on the processing parameters in the first processing program.

[0073] For example:

[0074] The NC program for masking hole processing is as follows:

[0075] #11=6.4

[0076] #1=6.35

[0077] #5=#61-#11

[0078] #2=#3+(b1-#1)+#5

[0079] The CNC program for the test hole processing is as follows:

[0080] #61=6.42

[0081] #6=6.35(#6=c, generally #6=#1)

[0082] #7=#8+(c1-#6)

[0083] Where #1 = b

[0084] #2 is the cutting depth of the counter-rounding tool for the shielded hole;

[0085] #3 is the theoretical cutting depth;

[0086] #5 is the difference in actual thickness between b1 and c1;

[0087] #6=c, usually #6=b;

[0088] #7 is the cutting depth of the test hole counter-circular tool;

[0089] #8 is the theoretical cutting depth, generally #8 = #3;

[0090] #11 is the measured value b1 of the wall thickness at the shielded hole of the part;

[0091] #61 is the measured value c1 of the test plate wall thickness.

[0092] Based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly denied, the technical features of one embodiment may be beneficially combined with one or more other embodiments.

[0093] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first", "second", and "third" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the above components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention. They should all be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing a shielding hole, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10: preparing a test plate (2) of the same material and thickness according to the material of the part to be processed (1) and the theoretical wall thickness at the position of the pre-processed shielding hole (11) on the part to be processed (1); S11: establishing a first processing coordinate system of the test plate (2) and a second processing coordinate system of the part to be processed (1), and obtaining a coordinate relationship between the part to be processed (1) and the test plate (2) according to coordinate transformation between the second processing coordinate system and the first processing coordinate system; S20: establishing a first processing program for the test plate (2), using the first processing program to process a test hole (21) on the test plate (2), and after the processing is completed, detecting whether the test hole (21) meets the size specification requirements of the shielding hole (11), and if the test hole (21) does not meet the size specification requirements, adjusting the processing parameters in the first processing program until the test hole (21) meets the size specification requirements; S30: converting the first processing program into a second processing program for the part to be processed (1) according to the coordinate relationship between the part to be processed (1) and the test plate (2); and S40: Using a second processing program to process a shielding hole (11) on the part to be processed (1).

2. The method for processing a shielding hole according to claim 1, wherein: In step S20, if the test hole (21) does not meet the size specification requirements, the processing parameters in the first processing program are adjusted until the test hole (21) meets the size specification requirements, including: S21: When the size of the test hole (21) is not reached, adjusting the processing parameters in the first processing program and processing the test hole (21) again; S22: When the size of the test hole (21) is too large, the position of the test plate (2) is adjusted, the first processing coordinate system of the test plate (2) is re-established, the processing parameters in the first processing program are adjusted, and the test hole (21) is re-processed on the test plate (2); S23: Detect the test hole (21). If the size of the test hole (21) is not reached, return to step S21; if the size of the test hole (21) is oversized, return to step S22; until the test hole (21) meets the size specification requirements.

3. The method for processing a shielding hole according to claim 1, wherein: In step S30, if the actual wall thickness at the position of the pre-processed shielding hole (11) on the part to be processed (1) is consistent with the actual wall thickness of the test plate (2), the various processing parameters in the second processing program are the same as the various processing parameters in the first processing program.

4. The method for processing a shielding hole according to claim 1, wherein: In step S30, if the actual wall thickness at the position of the pre-processed shielding hole (11) on the part to be processed (1) is inconsistent with the actual wall thickness of the test plate (2), the various processing parameters in the first processing program are converted by a conversion algorithm to obtain the various processing parameters in the second processing program.

5. The method for processing a shielding hole according to claim 1, wherein: The detection of whether the test hole (21) meets the size specification requirements of the shielding hole (11) includes detecting whether the test hole (21) is consistent with the size specification of the shielding hole (11) pre-processed on the part to be processed (1).

6. A processing device for shielding holes, characterized in that: A method for machining a shielding hole according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the machining device comprises a controller and a tool (3), the controller being configured to preset a first machining program and a second machining program, and the tool (3) being configured to machine a test hole (21) and a shielding hole (11).

7. The hole-masking processing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention comprises a workbench (4), a first fixture (5) and a second fixture (6), wherein the first fixture (5) and the second fixture (6) are both arranged on the workbench (4), wherein the first fixture (5) is configured to fix the part to be processed (1), and the second fixture (6) is configured to fix the test plate (2).

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