Charging device, parking lot, charging station and charging system

Abstract

The present application discloses a charging device, parking lot, charging station, and charging system, wherein the charging device can dock with a power receiving device located at the bottom of one end of an electric vehicle to charge the electric vehicle, and is located at the bottom of the vehicle body in the docked state, and includes: a base, arranged above or below the vehicle parking surface; a connecting arm arranged at an angle relative to the vehicle parking surface, one end of the connecting arm connected to the base, and the other end tilted toward the top of the vehicle parking surface; a charging connector, arranged at the tilted end of the connecting arm, and capable of docking with the power receiving device to charge the electric vehicle. The above-mentioned charging device can reduce the parking space occupied while also improving the convenience of charging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, and in particular to a charging device, a parking lot, a charging station and a charging system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are many ways to charge electric vehicles. One common charging method is to use a charging pile to charge the electric vehicle. However, this charging method requires setting up a charging pile in the parking area, and the charging pile is large in size, which will take up a large parking space, resulting in a waste of site resources. Another charging method is to use an undercar charger to charge the electric vehicle. Although this undercar charger can charge the electric vehicle on the bottom side of the electric vehicle without taking up parking space, the charging method of the undercar charger is that when it is located in the middle of the bottom side of the electric vehicle (the middle refers to the middle part of the electric vehicle in the head-to-tail direction), it docks with the charging port located in the middle of the electric vehicle chassis. This charging method located in the middle of the bottom side of the electric vehicle is less convenient. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a charging device that can improve charging convenience while reducing parking space occupation. In addition, the present invention also provides a parking lot, a charging station and a charging system having the above-mentioned charging device.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A charging device capable of docking with a power receiving device located at the bottom of one end of an electric vehicle body to charge the electric vehicle, and located on the bottom side of the vehicle body in the docked state, the charging device comprising:

[0006] A base is provided above or below the vehicle parking surface;

[0007] a connecting arm arranged obliquely relative to the vehicle parking surface, wherein one end of the connecting arm is connected to the base and the other end is tilted upwards from the vehicle parking surface;

[0008] The charging connector is arranged at the tilted end of the connecting arm and can be docked with the power receiving device to realize charging of the electric vehicle.

[0009] Preferably, in the above-mentioned charging device, the charging connector is electrically connected to the power receiving device by contacting, plugging or snapping with the docking portion of the power receiving device.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned charging device, the base includes a vehicle blocking portion disposed on the vehicle parking surface and capable of blocking the electric vehicle.

[0011] Preferably, in the above-mentioned charging device, the connecting arm is a telescopic arm that can be extended and retracted, and the telescopic arm drives the charging connector to move closer to or away from the power receiving device by extending and retracting.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned charging device, a gradually expanding channel is provided on the docking portion of the power receiving device, the small end of the gradually expanding channel is connected to the docking portion, and:

[0013] The charging connector and the connecting arm are connected by an elastic member, so that the charging connector can be deflected relative to the connecting arm under the guidance of the gradually expanding channel to achieve docking with the docking portion;

[0014] Alternatively, the connecting arm and the base are connected via an elastic member, so that the charging connector provided on the connecting arm can be deflected relative to the base under the guidance of the gradually expanding channel to achieve docking with the docking portion.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned charging device, magnetic components are provided on the docking portion of the power receiving device and the charging connector, and:

[0016] The charging connector and the connecting arm are connected by an elastic member, so that the charging connector can be deflected relative to the connecting arm by the attraction between the magnetic components to achieve docking with the docking portion;

[0017] Alternatively, the connecting arm and the base are connected by an elastic member, so that the charging connector provided on the connecting arm can be deflected relative to the base due to the attraction between the magnetic components to achieve docking with the docking portion.

[0018] A parking lot, comprising:

[0019] parking spaces;

[0020] A charging device is provided in the parking space, and the charging device is the above-mentioned charging device.

[0021] A charging station, comprising:

[0022] electronic control equipment;

[0023] A charging device electrically connected to the electronic control device, wherein the charging device is the above-mentioned charging device.

[0024] A charging system includes an electric vehicle and a charging device for charging the electric vehicle, wherein the charging device is the above-mentioned charging device.

[0025] The present invention provides a novel charging device structure that can dock a charging connector with a power receiving device on the bottom side of the vehicle body by tilting one end of a connecting arm upward, thereby achieving bottom-side charging of the electric vehicle. Because this charging device can be accommodated on the bottom side of the electric vehicle, it can reduce or even eliminate the need for parking space for the electric vehicle, thereby enabling more efficient utilization of parking space. Furthermore, because the power receiving device is located at the bottom of one end of the electric vehicle body, the charging device docking with the power receiving device is also located at one end of the electric vehicle. Compared to existing methods of charging in the middle of the electric vehicle, this reduces docking difficulty and simplifies the detachment operation, thereby improving charging convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the charging device and the electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Right view;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram showing that the docking portion is located at the middle portion in the width direction of the vehicle body when the docking portion is arranged at the rear end;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the base including the vehicle stop portion;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure in which an elastic member is provided between the charging connector and the connecting arm;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a structure in which an elastic member is provided between the connecting arm and the base;

[0034] Figures 8-10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gradually expanding channel with different structures;

[0035] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a charging connector with a rod-like structure;

[0036] Figure 12is a structural schematic diagram of a shell for cooperating with a docking portion;

[0037] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a charging connector having a pin structure with a guide member;

[0038] Figure 14 Flowchart for automatic charging.

[0039] exist Figures 1-13 middle:

[0040] 1-vehicle body, 2-docking part, 3-base, 4-connecting arm, 5-charging connector, 6-vehicle stopper, 7-gradually expanding channel, 8-elastic part, 9-housing, 10-docking hole, 11-guide part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention provides a charging device that reduces parking space occupation while improving charging convenience. In addition, the present invention also provides a parking lot, a charging station, and a charging system having the above-mentioned charging device.

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1-14 As shown, first, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric vehicle, which is preferably an electric car, and this electric vehicle can be charged using a charging device described later. The electric vehicle mainly includes a body 1 and a power receiving device, wherein the body 1 is the other structure of the entire electric vehicle except the power receiving device and the wheels, and the power receiving device is arranged at the bottom of one end of the body 1. That is to say, the difference between the electric vehicle provided by the present invention and the existing electric car is that the setting position of the power receiving device on the body 1 is changed, that is, the power receiving device is no longer set in the middle part of the head and tail direction of the body 1, but is set at the bottom of one end of the body 1, that is, the power receiving device is located at one end of the body 1, such as the front end of the body 1 (that is, the middle part of the body width direction of the head end) or the rear end (that is, the middle part of the body width direction of the tail end). Figure 4 As shown), the front end (i.e., one side of the vehicle body width direction at the front end) or the rear end (i.e., one side of the vehicle body width direction at the rear end, as shown Figure 3As shown), and further arranged at the bottom of the end, the bottom includes the part of the vehicle chassis close to the front end or the rear end, and also includes the part of the front or rear end close to the chassis. In other words, the power receiving device can be set at the end of the chassis, or at the lower part of the front and rear ends. When the charging device is docked with the power receiving device set at the above position, the electric vehicle can be charged. At the same time, Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, while the power receiving device is positioned at the bottom of one end of the vehicle body 1, this embodiment also preferably arranges the docking portion 2 of the power receiving device at an angle downward from the vehicle body 1, i.e., tilted downward, so that the docking portion 2 faces the charging device, which is located on the vehicle's parking surface. This arrangement of the docking portion 2 allows the charging device to more easily and conveniently dock with the docking portion 2 during bottom-side charging of the electric vehicle, facilitating manual or automatic charging operations and achieving more efficient bottom-side charging.

[0044] The above-mentioned electric vehicle sets the power receiving device on the bottom side of the vehicle body 1 to realize bottom-side charging, and the power receiving device is also located at one end of the vehicle body 1. Through such a setting, compared with the method of setting the power receiving device in the middle of the chassis of the vehicle body 1, only the structure of the chassis end needs to be improved, and there is no need to change the structure of the entire chassis; and for battery-swap models that can replace batteries, the power receiving device and its docking part 2 are set at the bottom of one end of the vehicle body 1, avoiding the occupation of the battery installation space on the chassis, and no corresponding series of improvements are required. Therefore, the setting method of the power receiving device on the vehicle body 1 in this embodiment can reduce the structural improvement of the chassis, thereby reducing the amount of modification of the vehicle body 1 to a greater extent, so that the modification cost is reduced.

[0045] In addition, the placement of the power receiving device in the middle of the chassis results in a relatively low height of the power receiving device, making it prone to wading. Therefore, the power receiving device needs to have a higher level of protection. However, in this embodiment, by placing the power receiving device and its docking portion 2 at the bottom of one end of the vehicle body 1, the height of the power receiving device on the vehicle body 1 can be increased, so that the level of protection of the power receiving device can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of manufacturing the electric vehicle.

[0046] Furthermore, a protective cover covering the docking portion 2 can be provided at the opening of the docking portion 2 (i.e., the opening of the docking hole 10 or the wide end of the gradually expanding channel 7, described later). This protective cover is only opened when the charging connector 5 approaches the docking portion 2 (for example, by being pushed open by the charging connector 5 or automatically opened under the control of a control system) to ensure normal docking between the charging connector 5 and the power receiving portion. When the electric vehicle is not charging, the protective cover remains closed to cover the docking portion 2, thereby preventing dust, water, and other impurities in the external environment from coming into contact with the docking portion 2, allowing the docking portion 2 to maintain relatively good power receiving performance for a long time.

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the docking portion 2 of the power receiving device for docking with the charging device is preferably arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the vehicle body 1, that is, the bottom of the aforementioned rear end or side rear end, more preferably at the connection between the rear end and the chassis, and is further preferably located in the width direction of the vehicle body 1 as shown in FIG. Figure 3 The side position of the connection part shown. This arrangement of placing the power receiving device at the bottom of the rear end of the vehicle body 1 allows the docking portion 2 of the power receiving device to directly occupy the installation space of the exhaust pipe of the fuel vehicle. Since the chassis of the fuel vehicle has reserved space for the exhaust pipe, there is no need to modify this part of the chassis during the modification process to an electric vehicle. The docking portion 2 of the power receiving device can directly replace the exhaust pipe. This can minimize the amount of modification to the vehicle body 1, making the modification of the electric vehicle most efficient and the structural utilization most reasonable, so that the modification cost can be minimized. In addition, the docking portion 2 of the power receiving device can also be set at other locations, such as the aforementioned rear end, or can also be set at other locations of the entire vehicle body 1, such as the front end, the side front end, etc. In this way, only a certain degree of modification to the chassis is required, and no structural modification to other parts of the vehicle body 1 is required.

[0048] In the art, since the structure of electric vehicles is derived from that of fuel-powered vehicles through improvements, during the improvement process, since electric vehicles do not need to emit exhaust gas, the common practice in the art is to eliminate the exhaust pipe installed on the chassis of fuel-powered vehicles and improve the structure and space for the exhaust pipe based on the needs of the electric vehicle. However, the electric vehicle provided in this application does not improve the structure and space for the exhaust pipe on the chassis, but directly utilizes this structure and space to install the power receiving device, thus opening up a new improvement approach and overcoming the technical prejudice of improving the structure and space for the exhaust pipe and locating the power receiving device at the vehicle logo or the fuel filler port of fuel-powered vehicles.

[0049] Furthermore, it is also preferred that the electric vehicle provided in this embodiment is an autonomous driving vehicle, and the electric vehicle can be connected to a charging device in communication, and the charging device can be connected to the power receiving device under the control of the electric vehicle control system to realize automatic charging of the vehicle. Such autonomous driving vehicles include vehicles that are autonomous driving at all times and under all circumstances, and also include vehicles that can freely switch between autonomous driving and manual driving. For example, when driving on the road, the vehicle can be put into manual driving mode, and the vehicle drives under the control of the driver. When parking is required, the vehicle mode can be switched to autonomous driving mode, and the vehicle can be automatically parked. Since autonomous driving vehicles can realize automatic parking, that is, the driver and passengers do not need to reach the parking lot, so enabling autonomous driving vehicles to realize automatic charging when parked can significantly improve the convenience of using autonomous driving vehicles. Figure 14As shown, the specific operation process of automatic charging can be: the electric vehicle parks by automatic driving until it is parked in place. After the electric vehicle is parked in place, the control system of the electric vehicle controls the protective cover to automatically open to prepare the electric vehicle for charging. Then the control system of the electric vehicle establishes communication with the charging device, that is, a communication connection. Then the control system of the electric vehicle sends a charging instruction to the charging device, and the charging device responds to the charging instruction, that is, controls the connecting arm 4 described later to extend so that the charging connector 5 approaches the docking part 2 of the power receiving device and finally achieves docking with the docking part 2, and then starts charging the electric vehicle; after charging is completed, the control system of the electric vehicle sends a power-off instruction, and the charging device responds to the power-off instruction, that is, controls the connecting arm 4 to retract so that the charging connector 5 is separated from the docking part 2 and the connecting arm 4 and the charging connector 5 are reset. Of course, the electric vehicle provided in this embodiment can also be an ordinary electric vehicle driven by humans.

[0050] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a charging device, which can be docked with the above-mentioned power receiving device to charge the above-mentioned electric vehicle, and after the electric vehicle is parked in place, or when the charging device and the power receiving device are in a docked state, the charging device is located on the bottom side of the vehicle body 1, and the charging device mainly includes a base 3, a connecting arm 4 and a charging connector 5, wherein the base 3 is a component for realizing the connection between the connecting arm 4, the charging connector 5 and the vehicle parking surface, and the vehicle parking surface refers to the surface on which the electric vehicle is parked. Under normal circumstances, the vehicle parking surface is the ground of the parking lot. If the electric vehicle is parked in an aerial parking lot, the vehicle parking surface is the top surface of the supporting component that supports the electric vehicle. When setting the base 3, the base 3 can be set above the vehicle parking surface, that is, the entire charging device is located on the ground or the supporting component. , in addition, the base 3 can also be buried under the ground or set inside the supporting component, and only the tilted end of the connecting arm 4 described later is extended above the vehicle parking surface, so that the occupation of the parking space can be reduced and the utilization rate of the parking space on the ground can be improved; the connecting arm 4 is connected to the base 3 and is tilted relative to the vehicle parking surface. When setting the connecting arm 4, one end of the connecting arm 4 is connected to the base 3, and the other end is tilted above the vehicle parking surface. In this embodiment, this tilted end is referred to as the tilted end; the charging connector 5 is provided at the tilted end of the connecting arm 4, that is, the charging connector 5 is provided at the highest position of the entire charging device, so that the charging connector 5 can be docked with the power receiving device on the vehicle body 1 located on the top of the charging device. After the charging connector 5 and the power receiving device are docked and connected, the charging device can charge the electric vehicle. Specifically, the "charging device is located on the bottom side of the vehicle body 1" mentioned above means that after the electric vehicle is parked, the charging device is located directly below or diagonally below one end of the vehicle body 1, that is, the area occupied by the charging device on the vehicle parking surface can be entirely located, partially located, or not located within the projection area of the vehicle body 1 on the vehicle parking surface.

[0051] The above-mentioned charging device can be located on the bottom side of the electric vehicle to charge the electric vehicle on the bottom side. Compared with the existing charging piles, the volume has been significantly reduced, thereby reducing the occupation of parking space, making it possible to make more full use of site resources and improving the utilization rate of parking space on the ground. Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the connecting arm 4 is tilted upward toward the electric vehicle, which is conducive to the docking of the charging connector 5 and the docking part 2 of the power receiving device which is tilted downward, and can reduce the difficulty of docking the electric vehicle and the charging device during automatic charging, and further make the tilt direction and tilt angle of the docking part 2 the same as the tilt direction and tilt angle of the connecting arm 4, so that the charging connector 5 can be docked with the charging connector 5 more conveniently; because the connecting arm 4 is tilted upward toward the electric vehicle, and the docking part 2 is tilted downward toward the charging device, after charging is completed, even if the connecting arm 4 cannot be reset (that is, the connecting arm 4 cannot achieve the contraction described later), the electric vehicle can also drive away directly (that is, the charging connector 5 and the docking part 2 are separated by the movement of the electric vehicle), which not only does not cause damage to the charging device, but also does not require a special separation operation, making the charging operation simpler and more convenient.

[0052] In this embodiment, the charging connector 5 can achieve electrical connection with the power receiving device by contacting, plugging, or snapping into the docking portion 2 of the power receiving device. In other words, the charging connector 5 and the docking portion 2 can be connected in a variety of ways. Therefore, the charging connector 5 is not limited to a charging gun or charging plug that plugs into the docking portion 2. It can also be a charging rod with a contact end surface or a charging hook with a snap hook.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the base 3 also includes a vehicle stop 6 arranged on the vehicle parking surface and capable of blocking the electric vehicle. In the actual parking process, if the electric vehicle is an ordinary electric vehicle driven by humans, there is often a problem of inaccurate parking position of the electric vehicle (that is, the parking position exceeds the docking range of the charging device), which may cause the charging device to be unable to dock normally with the power receiving device. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of the longitudinal parking of the electric vehicle (this longitudinal direction refers to the head and tail direction of the electric vehicle, or the length direction of the parking space), the base 3 includes a vehicle stop 6 that can block the wheels. In the process of the driver driving the electric vehicle to reverse into the garage, when the wheels of the electric vehicle contact the vehicle stop 6 and are blocked by the vehicle stop 6, the driver can control the electric vehicle to stop moving. At this time, the downward-inclined docking portion 2 is aligned with the upward-inclined connecting arm 4, so that the charging connector 5 and the docking portion 2 can be accurately docked, which can significantly improve the convenience and reliability of charging. In addition, when the electric vehicle is an automatic driving vehicle, the contact between the wheels and the vehicle stop 6 and parking can also be achieved through the sensing and control of the electric vehicle's control system, or the vehicle stop 6 may not be provided, but the electric vehicle's control system may directly identify the exact parking position in the parking space, thereby controlling the electric vehicle to stop when it moves to that position.

[0054] More preferably, the connecting arm 4 is a telescopic arm that can be extended and retracted. Figure 5As shown by the double-headed arrows in the figure, the telescopic arm moves the charging connector 5 toward or away from the charging device by extending and retracting. By configuring the connecting arm 4 as a telescopic arm, the connecting arm 4 can be kept retracted before the electric vehicle is parked, maintaining a safe distance between the charging connector 5 and the vehicle body 1. This prevents collisions between the moving electric vehicle and the connecting arm 4 or the charging connector 5, potentially damaging the charging device or the electric vehicle. After the electric vehicle is parked and stops moving, the connecting arm 4 is extended again, allowing the charging connector 5, located at the top of the connecting arm 4, to approach the docking portion 2 until it docks with the docking portion 2, enabling automatic charging. This improves parking and charging safety and avoids unnecessary property damage. Alternatively, without considering the above factors, the connecting arm 4 can be a fixed arm with an immutable length. The docking of the charging connector 5 and the docking portion 2 is achieved by the movement of the electric vehicle. Specifically, the charging connector 5 and the docking portion 2 are brought closer together during the vehicle's reverse parking process and docked simultaneously with the vehicle's parking. The vehicle then stops moving to ensure smooth charging. Specifically, the retractable connecting arm 4 may be a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, a scissor mechanism, etc., or the structure for achieving its retraction may be a screw-nut mechanism, a rack-and-pinion mechanism, a worm-gear mechanism, etc.

[0055] like Figures 6-11As shown, this embodiment further provides a gradually diverging channel 7 on the docking portion 2 of the power receiving device, with the narrow end of the gradually diverging channel 7 connected to the docking portion 2. Furthermore, either: the charging connector 5 and the connecting arm 4 are connected by an elastic member 8, allowing the charging connector 5 to deflect relative to the connecting arm 4 under the guidance of the gradually diverging channel 7 to achieve docking with the docking portion 2; or the connecting arm 4 and the base 3 are connected by an elastic member 8, allowing the charging connector 5, disposed on the connecting arm 4, to deflect relative to the base 3 under the guidance of the gradually diverging channel 7 to achieve docking with the docking portion 2. In this structure, positioning the docking portion 2 at the narrow end of the gradually diverging channel 7 allows the wide end of the gradually diverging channel 7 to be located outward, i.e., facing the charging device. The charging connector 5 then enters the gradually diverging channel 7 from the wide end to ultimately achieve docking with the docking portion 2. The charging device of the aforementioned structure is fixedly installed on the parking surface of the vehicle and cannot be moved. If there is a lateral position deviation (this lateral position refers to the width direction of the electric vehicle or the parking space) when the electric vehicle is parked, the normal docking of the charging connector 5 and the docking part 2 cannot be achieved. Therefore, in order to solve this problem and improve the charging reliability, the above-mentioned elastic member 8 is provided, and there are multiple options for the setting position of the elastic member 8, that is, the elastic member 8 can be provided between the charging connector 5 and the connecting arm 4, or between the connecting arm 4 and the base 3, or at both positions. In order to reduce components and simplify the structure, the elastic member 8 can also be used as a connecting member between the charging connector 5 and the connecting arm 4 or a connecting member between the connecting arm 4 and the base 3. Specifically, this elastic member 8 is, for example, a coil spring. When it is provided between the charging connector 5 and the connecting arm 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, one end of the coil spring is connected to the charging connector 5, and the other end of the coil spring is connected to the tilted end of the connecting arm 4. During the docking process, due to the lateral position deviation, the charging connector 5 will first extend from the large end of the gradually expanding channel 7 and contact the inclined inner wall of the gradually expanding channel 7, and approach the small end of the gradually expanding channel 7 under the guidance of the inclined inner wall. During this approach process, the charging connector 5 moves obliquely, and the coil spring bends under the drive of the charging connector 5, thereby causing the charging connector 5 to deflect laterally relative to the connecting arm 4 (the direction of the lateral deflection is shown in FIG. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown by the double-headed arrows in FIG, since the docking portion 2 is provided at the small end of the gradually expanding channel 7, the charging connector 5 can dock with the docking portion 2 when it moves to the small end. Figure 7As shown, when the coil spring is provided between the connecting arm 4 and the base 3, the charging connector 5 and the connecting arm 4 fixedly connected to the charging connector 5 will approach the small end of the gradually expanding channel 7 under the guidance of the inclined inner wall. During this approach process, the charging connector 5 and the connecting arm 4 will move obliquely, and the coil spring will bend under the drive of the connecting arm 4, thereby causing the connecting arm 4 to deflect laterally relative to the base 3, so as to finally achieve the docking of the charging connector 5 with the docking part 2. After charging is completed, when the charging connector 5 and the docking part 2 are separated, the charging connector 5 and / or the connecting arm 4 will return to their original position under the action of the elastic member 8. In addition, the elastic member 8 can be a component of other structures, such as a plate-like member or a rod-like member that can undergo elastic deformation. The charging device of this structure realizes passive adjustment during the docking process by adding the elastic member 8, thereby ensuring the smooth charging of electric vehicles with lateral deviations, and improving the convenience and reliability of the charging device. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the gradually expanding channel 7 can also be various, such as circular, conical, or an irregular shape with a circle outside and a square inside, such as Figures 8-10 shown.

[0056] In the above structure, the docking portion 2 and the gradually expanding channel 7 are coaxially arranged, that is, the docking portion 2 is arranged at the small end of the gradually expanding channel 7, so that the gradually expanding channel 7 can directly guide the charging connector 5 to achieve docking. On this basis, the charging connector 5 is preferably Figure 11 The rod-shaped structure shown is more suitable for contacting with and moving in the gradually expanding channel 7. Accordingly, the docking portion 2 is a groove structure that matches the rod-shaped structure. In addition, the docking portion 2 and the gradually expanding channel 7 may not be coaxially arranged, for example Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the docking part 2 is a shell 9, which has a docking hole 10 for setting the docking part 2 and a gradually expanding channel 7 located on one side or both sides of the docking hole 10. Correspondingly, the charging connector 5 is provided with a guide 11 that can extend into the gradually expanding channel 7. During the docking process, the guide 11 extends from the large end into the gradually expanding channel 7, and the charging connector 5 and the docking hole 10 are aligned by the guide of the inclined inner wall of the gradually expanding channel 7. Then, as the docking continues, the charging connector 5 extends into the docking hole 10 to dock with the docking part 2. When the docking part 2 and the gradually expanding channel 7 are arranged in a non-coaxial manner, the charging connector 5 is preferably Figure 13 In the pin connector shown, the docking portion 2 is a jack connector that matches the pin connector.

[0057] In addition, passive regulation of the charging device can also be achieved through other means, such as:

[0058] Magnetic components are provided on the docking portion 2 and the charging connector 5 of the power receiving device, and: the charging connector 5 and the connecting arm 4 are connected by an elastic member 8, so that the charging connector 5 can be deflected relative to the connecting arm 4 by the attraction between the magnetic components to achieve docking with the docking portion 2; or the connecting arm 4 and the base 3 are connected by an elastic member 8, so that the charging connector 5 provided on the connecting arm 4 can be deflected relative to the base 3 by the attraction between the magnetic components to achieve docking with the docking portion 2. That is, the lateral deflection of the charging connector 5 and / or the connecting arm 4 is achieved by the mutual attraction of the magnetic components. This structure of using a magnetic component instead of the gradually expanding channel 7 can further simplify the structure of the charging device and also improve the convenience of charging. Specifically, the magnetic component can be an ordinary magnet or an electromagnet.

[0059] In the above structure, the power receiving device is preferably fixed on the vehicle body 1. In addition, in order to better realize the charging of electric vehicles with deviations in the lateral position, the power receiving device can also be made movable on the vehicle body 1 so that the docking portion 2 of the power receiving device can move laterally on the vehicle body 1 and dock with the charging connector 5.

[0060] In this embodiment, a parking lot is also provided, which includes: a parking space; a charging device arranged in the parking space, and the charging device is the above-mentioned charging device. That is, the parking space of this parking lot is installed with the above-mentioned charging device that can realize bottom-side charging of electric vehicles. When this charging device is specifically set on the parking space, as mentioned above, the entire structure of the charging device can be directly set on the ground of the parking space, or the base 3 and the telescopic arm can be partially buried under the ground, with only the raised end of the telescopic arm, the charging connector 5 and the vehicle stop 6 located above the ground. Specifically, this parking lot includes ground parking lots, underground parking lots and aerial parking lots, etc., and the beneficial effects of the parking lot brought by the charging device can be found in the above content, which will not be repeated here.

[0061] This embodiment also provides a charging station, which includes: an electronic control device; and a charging device electrically connected to the electronic control device, wherein the charging device is the aforementioned charging device. That is, the charging station uses the aforementioned charging device to charge the electric vehicle to be charged. That is, the charging device installed in the charging station is a charging device installed on the ground and located on the bottom side of the rear end of the electric vehicle after the electric vehicle is parked. The electronic control device refers to equipment that works with the charging device, such as a controller, a distribution cabinet, etc. The beneficial effects of the charging device of this charging station can be found in the above content and will not be repeated here.

[0062] This embodiment also provides a charging system comprising an electric vehicle and a charging device for charging the electric vehicle, wherein the electric vehicle is the electric vehicle described above, and the charging device is the charging device described above. The beneficial effects of the charging system provided by the electric vehicle and the charging device are described above and will not be further elaborated here.

[0063] In this specification, the structures of each part are described in a progressive manner, and the structure of each part focuses on the differences from the existing structure. The overall and partial structures of the electric vehicle and charging system can be obtained by combining the structures of the above multiple parts.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A charging device, characterized in that: A charging device capable of docking with a power receiving device located at the bottom of one end of an electric vehicle body to charge the electric vehicle, and located on the bottom side of the vehicle body in the docked state, the charging device comprising: A base is provided above or below the vehicle parking surface; a connecting arm arranged obliquely relative to the vehicle parking surface, one end of the connecting arm being connected to the base and the other end being tilted upward from the vehicle parking surface; the inclination direction and inclination angle of the connecting arm being the same as the inclination direction and inclination angle of the docking portion of the power receiving device; The charging connector is arranged at the tilted end of the connecting arm and can be docked with the power receiving device to realize charging of the electric vehicle.

2. The charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that The charging connector is electrically connected to the power receiving device by contacting, plugging or snapping with the docking portion of the power receiving device.

3. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein: The base includes a vehicle blocking portion which is arranged on the vehicle parking surface and can block the electric vehicle.

4. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein: The connecting arm is a telescopic arm that can be extended and retracted, and the telescopic arm drives the charging connector to move closer to or away from the power receiving device through extension and retraction.

5. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein: The docking portion of the power receiving device is provided with a gradually expanding channel, the small end of the gradually expanding channel is connected to the docking portion, and: The charging connector and the connecting arm are connected by an elastic member, so that the charging connector can be deflected relative to the connecting arm under the guidance of the gradually expanding channel to achieve docking with the docking portion; Alternatively, the connecting arm and the base are connected via an elastic member, so that the charging connector provided on the connecting arm can be deflected relative to the base under the guidance of the gradually expanding channel to achieve docking with the docking portion.

6. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein: A magnetic attraction component is provided on the docking portion of the power receiving device and the charging connector, and: The charging connector and the connecting arm are connected by an elastic member, so that the charging connector can be deflected relative to the connecting arm by the attraction between the magnetic components to achieve docking with the docking portion; Alternatively, the connecting arm and the base are connected by an elastic member, so that the charging connector provided on the connecting arm can be deflected relative to the base due to the attraction between the magnetic components to achieve docking with the docking portion.

7. A parking lot, characterized in that: include: parking spaces; A charging device is provided in the parking space, wherein the charging device is the charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A charging station, characterized in that: include: electronic control equipment; A charging device electrically connected to the electronic control device, wherein the charging device is the charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A charging system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electric vehicle and a charging device for charging the electric vehicle, wherein the charging device is the charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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