Logistics object container
By designing a quick-opening structure in the logistics object container, including buttons and parallel tangents, the problem of zipper boxes scratching users is solved, structural stability and smooth opening are achieved, and the user unboxing experience is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202110404686.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-04-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-04-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing zipper box packaging cartons are prone to scratching users when opening, resulting in a poor unpacking experience for users.
A logistics object container is designed with a quick-opening structure, including a button and a symmetrical opening line arranged on the first top panel. The opening line is composed of several parallel first tangents with a tangent length of 7mm-9mm, an acute angle of 25°-35°, and an obtuse angle of 95°-105°. In the folded state, the first top panel is located outside the second top panel, and space for button operation is reserved. After the button is pressed, the first top panel is disconnected along the opening line.
The impact of the opening line on the strength of the carton is reduced, the structural stability of the logistics object container is improved, and cracks are avoided. The opening is smooth to avoid scratches for users, thereby improving the unboxing experience.
Smart Images

Figure CN115214963B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of logistics technology, and in particular to a logistics object container. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of e-commerce, express delivery has also grown rapidly, and the volume of express parcels has increased year by year. Different companies generally use customized packaging materials to customize packaging cartons.
[0003] At present, the most common packaging cartons on the market are zipper boxes. However, zipper boxes have sharp openings after being torn open, which can easily cause scratches to users when they open the packaging cartons, thereby reducing the user's unpacking experience. Summary of the Invention
[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a logistics object container to solve the problem of poor unpacking experience for users.
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present application discloses a logistics object container, wherein the logistics object container includes a top surface, the top surface includes a first top plate and a second top plate, a quick-opening structure for opening the logistics object container is provided on the first top plate, and a quick-opening port is provided on the second top plate;
[0006] The quick-opening structure includes a button and opening lines symmetrically arranged on both sides of the button, and the opening lines are arranged through the first top plate, wherein the opening line on one side of the button includes a plurality of first tangent lines, and the plurality of first tangent lines are arranged parallel to each other; wherein,
[0007] The length of the first tangent is set to 7 mm to 9 mm; the acute angle formed between a first connecting line formed by connecting the head ends of two adjacent first tangents and any one of the two first tangents is set to 25° to 35°; the obtuse angle formed between a second connecting line formed by connecting the head end of any one of the first tangents and the tail end of another adjacent first tangent is set to 95° to 105°; and
[0008] When the logistics object container is in a folded state, the first top plate is located on the outside of the second top plate and overlaps with the second top plate. The quick-opening port is opposite to the button to reserve operating space for the button. When the button is pressed, the first top plate is broken along the opening line to open the logistics object container.
[0009] Optionally, the first tangent line is arranged to penetrate the first top plate.
[0010] Optionally, the logistics object container further includes side surfaces and a bottom surface, and the top surface and the bottom surface are respectively located on two sides directly opposite to the side surfaces;
[0011] The bottom surface includes a first bottom plate, a second bottom plate and two third bottom plates respectively integrally arranged with the side surfaces, wherein, when the logistics object container is in a folded state, the first bottom plate, the second bottom plate and the third bottom plate are overlapped to form the bottom of the logistics object container and are bonded and fixed on the inside, and the first bottom plate is located on the outside of the logistics object container.
[0012] Optionally, the side includes two first side panels and two second side panels that are integrally arranged, and the two first side panels and the two second side panels are cross-arranged. When the logistics object container is in a folded state, the first side panel and the second side panel form the side of the logistics object container, and a first adhesive tongue is extended on the first side panel or the second side panel, and the overlap of the first side panel and the second side panel is fixed by bonding the first adhesive tongue.
[0013] Optionally, the first adhesive tongue is located on the inner side of the logistics object container.
[0014] Optionally, the first top plate is integrally provided with the side surface, wherein a second adhesive tongue is extended from one side of the first top plate away from the side surface, and when the logistics object container is in a folded state, the second adhesive tongue is adhered to the outer side of the second top plate.
[0015] Optionally, the top surface further includes two third top plates integrally provided with the side surfaces, and regularly shaped notches are provided on the third top plates, the second bottom plate and the third bottom plate.
[0016] Optionally, the side surface and the second top plate are combined to form an advertising display surface.
[0017] Optionally, a hollow structure is provided on the first top plate.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:
[0019] In an embodiment of the present application, a logistics object container includes a top surface, which may include a first top panel and a second top panel. A quick-opening structure for opening the logistics object container may be provided on the first top panel, and a quick-opening port is provided on the second top panel. The quick-opening structure includes a button and opening lines symmetrically arranged on both sides of the button, and the opening lines are arranged through the first top panel. The opening lines on one side of the button include a plurality of first tangents, and the plurality of first tangents are arranged parallel to each other. The length of the first tangents is set to 7mm-9mm. The acute angle formed between the first connecting line formed by connecting the head ends of two adjacent first tangents and any one of the two first tangents is set to 25°-35°. The obtuse angle formed between the second connecting line formed by connecting the head end of any first tangent and the tail end of another adjacent first tangent is set to 95°-105°. When the logistics object container is in a folded state, the first top panel is located outside the second top panel and overlaps with the second top panel, and the quick-opening port is directly opposite the button to reserve space for operating the button. On the one hand, the provision of the first tangent line reduces the impact of the opening line on the carton's strength. This improves the structural stability of the logistics container and prevents breakage during transport. Furthermore, when the user presses a button, the first top panel breaks along the opening line, opening the logistics container. The smooth opening prevents scratches and enhances the user's unboxing experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an example of a logistics object container in an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 2 This is an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at point A;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a logistics object container in an embodiment of the present application when folded;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a logistics object container in an embodiment of the present application when it is in a folded state;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a logistics object container in an embodiment of the present application being opened when in a folded state;
[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of another example of a logistics object container in an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0026] Figure numerals: 1. Top surface; 101. First top plate; 102. Second top plate; 103. Third top plate; 2. Quick-open structure; 201. Button; 202. Opening line; 2021. First tangent line; 3. Quick-open port; 4. Side; 401. First side plate; 402. Second side plate; 5. Bottom surface; 501. First bottom plate; 502. Second bottom plate; 503. Third bottom plate; 6. First sticky tongue; 7. Second sticky tongue; 8. Notch; 9. Hollow structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0028] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to the field of logistics, which can generally refer to the field of transportation and circulation of goods, such as express delivery, food delivery and other fields. Logistics objects are the processing objects of the logistics system, such as goods, express parcels, etc. transported by various logistics methods. Logistics objects may include express objects, such as express parcels, letters, etc., and may also include non-express objects, such as takeaway objects, including takeaway objects such as products, medicines, daily necessities, or takeaway objects such as supermarket ingredients. The logistics object container may also be called a grid box, express box, express box, takeaway packaging box, etc.
[0029] The logistics object container generally includes two states, one is a flat unfolded state during production and the other is a folded state during packing.
[0030] Reference Figure 1 , shows a structural schematic diagram of an example of a logistics object container in an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0031] Reference Figure 2 , showing an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle.
[0032] Reference Figure 3 , showing a structural schematic diagram of a logistics object container when folded according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0033] Reference Figure 4 , shows a structural schematic diagram of a logistics object container in an embodiment of the present application when it is in a folded state.
[0034] Reference Figure 5 , showing a structural schematic diagram of a logistics object container in an embodiment of the present application being opened when in a folded state.
[0035] Reference Figure 6 , shows a structural schematic diagram of an example of another logistics object container in an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0036] The logistics object container is made of paper material and may include a top surface 1. When the logistics object container is in a folded state, the top surface 1 forms the top of the logistics object container. Therefore, when the top surface 1 is in an unfolded state, it may be composed of multiple top panels. For example, the top surface 1 may include a first top panel 101 and a second top panel 102. A quick-opening structure 2 for opening the logistics object container is provided on the first top panel 101. A quick-opening port 3 is provided on the second top panel 102. The shape of the quick-opening port 3 is not limited. Preferably, the quick-opening port 3 may be semicircular.
[0037] The quick-opening structure 2 includes a button 201 and an opening line 202 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the button 201, wherein the button 201 and the opening line 202 can be formed by a cutter on the first top plate 101. The shape of the button 201 can be selected according to actual conditions and is not limited here. For example, the button 201 is preferably semicircular. For a logistics object container in an expanded state, when multiple top plates are on the same horizontal line, the opening lines 202 are respectively distributed on the left and right sides of the button 201. That is, the opening lines 202 are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the button 201. When unpacking, the first top plate 101 needs to be disconnected along the opening line 202, that is, the opening line 202 needs to extend from the left side of the first top plate 101 to the right side of the first top plate 101. Therefore, the opening line 202 is set through the first top plate 101.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the opening line on one side of the button 201 includes a plurality of first tangent lines 2021, and the plurality of first tangent lines 2021 are arranged parallel to each other. The length of the first tangent line 2021 is set to 7mm-9mm; for example, the length of the first tangent line 2021 can be 7mm, 8mm and 9mm. The first tangent line includes two ends, according to Figure 2 As shown, the end of the first tangent line located above can be regarded as the head end, and the end of the first tangent line located below can be regarded as the tail end. Therefore, the acute angle formed between the first connecting line formed by connecting the head ends of two adjacent first tangent lines 2021 and any one of the two first tangent lines 2021 is Figure 2 The angle corresponding to the mark b1 shown in the figure can be set to 25°-35. For example, the angle can be 25°, 28°, 30°, 32°, 35°, etc. The second connecting line formed by connecting the beginning of any first tangent line 2021 and the end of another adjacent first tangent line 2021 forms an obtuse angle with the adjacent first tangent line 2021, that is, Figure 2 The mark b2 shown in the figure can be set to 95°-
[0039] 105°. For example, the angle can be 95°, 98°, 100°, 102°, 105°, etc. The first tangent line 2021 closest to the starting end of any first tangent line 2021 is determined as the adjacent first tangent line 2021. The corresponding shapes of the first tangent lines 2021 reduce the impact of the opening line 202 on the strength of the carton. This improves the structural stability of the logistics container and prevents the container from breaking during transportation.
[0040] Reference Figure 3 As shown, when the logistics object container is in a folded state, the first top plate 101 is located outside the second top plate 102 and overlaps with the second top plate 102. The quick-open port 3 faces the button 201 to reserve an operating space for the button 201. When the button 201 is pressed, the first top plate 101 is broken along the opening line 202 to open the logistics object container. Figure 5 As shown, after the opening line 202 is broken, the opening presents a sawtooth structure, wherein the angle of a single sawtooth is a blunt angle and the depth of the sawtooth is small, thereby making the opening smoother and preventing users from being scratched when opening the logistics object container.
[0041] In summary, the logistics object container includes a top surface 1, which may include a first top plate 101 and a second top plate 102. A quick-opening structure 2 for opening the logistics object container may be provided on the first top plate 101, and a quick-opening port 3 is provided on the second top plate 102. The quick-opening structure 2 includes a button 201 and opening lines 202 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the button 201. The opening lines 202 are arranged through the first top plate 101, wherein the opening line 202 on one side of the button 201 includes a plurality of first tangent lines 2021. And several first tangents 2021 are arranged parallel to each other; the length of the first tangent 2021 is set to 7mm-9mm; the acute angle formed between the first connecting line formed by connecting the head ends of two adjacent first tangents 2021 and any one of the two first tangents 2021 is set to 25°-35°; the obtuse angle formed between the second connecting line formed by connecting the head end of any first tangent 2021 and the tail end of another adjacent first tangent 2021 and any one of the first tangents 2021 is set to 95°-105°. When the logistics object container is in a folded state, the first top plate 101 is located on the outside of the second top plate 102 and overlaps with the second top plate 102, and the quick-open port 3 is directly opposite the button 201 to reserve operating space for the button 201. On the one hand, the setting of the first tangent 2021 reduces the impact of the opening line 202 on the strength of the paper box, improves the structural stability of the logistics object container, and prevents the logistics object container from breaking during transportation. On the other hand, after the user presses the button 201, the first top plate 101 is broken along the opening line 202 and the logistics object container is opened. Since the opening is relatively smooth after opening, it can avoid scratches on the user, thereby improving the user's unpacking experience.
[0042] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the first tangent line 2021 is provided through the first top plate 101. Penetration can be understood as the depth of the first tangent line 2021 processed by the cutter being the same as the thickness of the first top plate 101. Thus, for the logistics container in a folded state, the first tangent line 2021 can be clearly seen on both surfaces of the first top plate 101.
[0043] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the logistics container may further include side surfaces 4 and a bottom surface 5. When the logistics container is in a folded state, the bottom surface 5 forms the bottom of the logistics container, and the side surfaces 4 form the sides of the logistics container. Therefore, when the logistics container is in an unfolded state, the bottom surface 5 may include multiple bottom panels, and the side surfaces 4 may include multiple side panels. The top surface 1 and bottom surface 5 are respectively located on opposite sides of the side surface 4; that is, the top surface 1 and bottom surface 5 are integrally provided on opposite sides of the side surface 4. For example, the top surface 1 is located above the side surface 4, and the bottom surface 5 is located below the side surface 4. Specifically, the bottom surface 5 includes a first bottom panel 501, a second bottom panel 502, and two third bottom panels 503, each integrally provided with the side surface 4. When the logistics container is in a folded state, the first bottom panel 501, the second bottom panel 502, and the third bottom panels 503 overlap and, through internal bonding, form the bottom of the logistics container. The first bottom panel 501 is located on the outside of the logistics container. Here, the inner bonding refers to the bonding formed inside the logistics object container. In one example, bonding can be performed by applying glue, applying double-sided tape, etc.
[0044] Conventional cartons have self-locking bottoms, which can lead to items getting lost when the box is not full. By using glue to secure the inside of the logistics container, the gravity of the items during packing can increase the adhesion between the first bottom plate 501, the second bottom plate 502, and the third bottom plate 503, thereby improving the structural stability of the logistics container during transportation.
[0045] In an optional embodiment of the present application, based on the actual load-bearing design requirements of the logistics object container, while ensuring the bonding force generated by the bottom bonding area of the logistics object container, the amount of paper material used in the second bottom plate 502 and the two third bottom plates 503 can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the production cost of the logistics object container.
[0046] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the side surface 4 may include two integrally formed first side panels 401 and two second side panels 402, with the two first side panels 401 and the two second side panels 402 being arranged crosswise. For example, in the unfolded logistics container, the side surface 4, from left to right, comprises, in order: the first second side panel 402, the first first side panel 401, the second second side panel 402, and the second first side panel 401. When the logistics container is folded, the first side panels 401 and the second side panels 402 form the sides of the logistics container, and a first adhesive tab 6 is provided extending from the first side panel 401 or the second side panel 402. The first adhesive tab 6 is adhered to secure the overlapping portion of the first side panel 401 and the second side panel 402. For example, the first adhesive tab 6 is located on the first side panel 401. After the first side panel 401 and the second side panel 402 are overlapped, the first adhesive tab 6 overlaps with the second side panel 402, thereby completing the fixation between the first side panel 401 and the second side panel 402 by applying glue to the first adhesive tab 6. For another example, the first adhesive tab 6 is located on the second side panel 402. After the first side panel 401 and the second side panel 402 are overlapped, the first adhesive tab 6 overlaps with the first side panel 401, thereby completing the fixation between the first side panel 401 and the second side panel 402 by applying glue to the first adhesive tab 6.
[0047] The container is fixed inside the logistics object container using glue or double-sided tape. When the logistics object container is full and high, the lateral compression of the items can increase the adhesion between the first side panel 401 and the second side panel 402, thereby improving the structural stability of the logistics object container during the transportation of items. Therefore, the first adhesive tongue 6 is located on the inner side of the logistics object container.
[0048] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the first top plate 101 is integrally provided with the side surface 4, wherein a second adhesive tongue 7 is extended from one side of the first top plate 101 away from the side surface 4, that is, the side opposite to the connecting side of the first top plate 101 and the side surface 4. Figure 5 As shown, when the logistics container is folded, the second adhesive tongue 7 is bonded to the outer side of the second top panel 102. The outer side of the second top panel 102 can also be understood as the upper side of the second top panel 102. Compared to the commonly used paper latch structure for carton sealing, logistics containers with paper latch structures may break during transportation, resulting in loss of items. Furthermore, the structure of logistics containers with paper latch structures is relatively complex, increasing production costs. The use of the second adhesive tongue 7 for adhesive sealing in this embodiment of the present application not only ensures the structural stability of the logistics container, but also offers advantages such as preventing item loss and reducing production costs.
[0049] In summary, the logistics container in the embodiment of this application utilizes a tape-free paper box. On the one hand, tape-free, environmentally friendly paper boxes are increasingly favored by the industry; on the other hand, they are effective in promoting plastic pollution control and the green transformation of express packaging. Therefore, the design of the logistics container is in line with the future development direction of packaging and has excellent product applicability and market prospects.
[0050] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the top surface 1 further includes two third top panels 103 integrally provided with the side surfaces 4, and regularly shaped notches 8 are provided on the third top panels 103, the second bottom panel 502, and the third bottom panel 503. For the logistics object container in a folded state, the third top panel 103, the second bottom panel 502, and the third bottom panel 503 are all located on the inner side of the logistics object container. Therefore, regularly shaped notches 8, such as semicircular or rectangular, can be provided on the third top panel 103, the second bottom panel 502, and the third bottom panel 503, thereby reducing the amount of paper material used in the third top panel 103, the second bottom panel 502, and the third bottom panel 503, further reducing the production cost of the logistics object container.
[0051] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the side surfaces 4 and the second top panel 102 are combined to form an advertising display surface. When the logistics container is folded, the opening line 202 is torn open, and from the outside of the logistics container, the side surfaces 4 and the second top panel 102 are visible as a complete surface. Therefore, during the production of the logistics container, the side surfaces 4 and the second top panel 102 can be used as advertising display surfaces, and the content displayed on the advertising display surface can be determined according to actual needs. This optimizes the display function of the logistics container and further enhances the user's unboxing experience.
[0052] Among them, reference Figure 6 As shown, the first top plate 101 is provided with a hollow structure 9. On one hand, the design of the hollow structure 9 can reduce the amount of paper material used in the first top plate 101, thereby lowering the production cost of the logistics container. On the other hand, the shape of the hollow structure 9 can be determined based on actual needs. For example, it can include promotional text, brand logos, emoticons, and other images customized for different merchants. This can further optimize the display function of the logistics container and improve its product applicability.
[0053] In the embodiment of the present application, according to the actual application scenario, the logistics object container can also be made of materials with waterproof, heat-insulating and other functions, which can be specifically set according to needs.
[0054] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.
[0055] It is easy for those skilled in the art to think that any combination of the above embodiments is feasible, so any combination of the above embodiments is an implementation scheme of the present invention. However, due to space limitations, this specification will not describe them in detail here.
[0056] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.
[0057] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the invention and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof.
[0058] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the present invention and to form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
Claims
1. A logistics object container, characterized in that: The logistics object container comprises a top surface (1), the top surface (1) comprising a first top plate (101) and a second top plate (102), a quick-opening structure (2) for opening the logistics object container is provided on the first top plate (101), and a quick-opening port (3) is provided on the second top plate (102); The quick-opening structure (2) comprises a button (201) and opening lines (202) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the button (201), wherein the opening line (202) is arranged through the first top plate (101), wherein the opening line (202) on one side of the button (201) comprises a plurality of first tangent lines (2021), and the plurality of first tangent lines (2021) are arranged parallel to each other; wherein, The length of the first tangent (2021) is set to 7mm-9mm; the first tangent includes two ends, and the acute angle formed between the first connecting line formed by connecting the head ends of two adjacent first tangents (2021) and any one of the two first tangents (2021) is set to 25°-35°; the obtuse angle formed between the second connecting line formed by connecting the head end of any one of the first tangents (2021) and the tail end of another adjacent first tangent (2021) is set to 95°-105°; and, When the logistics object container is in a folded state, the first top plate (101) is located on the outside of the second top plate (102) and overlaps with the second top plate (102), and the quick-open port (3) is directly opposite to the button (201) to reserve an operating space for the button (201). When the button (201) is pressed, the first top plate (101) is broken along the opening line (202) to open the logistics object container. After the opening line (202) is broken, the opening presents a sawtooth structure, wherein the angle of a single sawtooth is an obtuse angle.
2. The logistics container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tangent line (2021) is set to penetrate the first top plate (101).
3. The logistics container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logistics object container further comprises a side surface (4) and a bottom surface (5), wherein the top surface (1) and the bottom surface (5) are respectively located on two sides directly opposite to the side surface (4); The bottom surface (5) includes a first bottom plate (501) and a second bottom plate (502) and two third bottom plates (503) which are respectively integrally arranged with the side surface (4), wherein, when the logistics object container is in a folded state, the first bottom plate (501), the second bottom plate (502) and the third bottom plate (503) are superimposed and formed by inner side bonding to form the bottom of the logistics object container, and the first bottom plate (501) is located on the outside of the logistics object container.
4. The logistics container according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side surface (4) includes two first side panels (401) and two second side panels (402) that are integrally arranged. The two first side panels (401) and the two second side panels (402) are cross-arranged. When the logistics object container is in a folded state, the first side panel (401) and the second side panel (402) form the side portion of the logistics object container, and a first adhesive tongue (6) is extended on the first side panel (401) or the second side panel (402). By adhering the first adhesive tongue (6), the overlapping portion of the first side panel (401) and the second side panel (402) is fixed.
5. The logistics container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first adhesive tongue (6) is located on the inner side of the logistics object container.
6. The logistics container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first top plate (101) is integrally provided with the side surface (4), wherein a second adhesive tongue (7) is extended from one side of the first top plate (101) away from the side surface (4), and when the logistics object container is in a folded state, the second adhesive tongue (7) is adhered to the outer side of the second top plate (102).
7. The logistics container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top surface (1) further comprises two third top plates (103) integrally arranged with the side surfaces (4), and regularly shaped notches (8) are provided on the third top plates (103), the second bottom plate (502) and the third bottom plate (503).
8. The logistics container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side surface (4) and the second top plate (102) are combined to form an advertising display surface.
9. The logistics container according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hollow structure (9) is provided on the first top plate (101).
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Packing box and blank plate for forming the same
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