Drawer-type trap net and coastal erosion prevention system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a drawer-type trapping cage net and a coastal erosion prevention system. The coastal erosion prevention system includes a giant kelp planting area, a zigzag one-way sand barrier, a drawer-type trapping cage net, a gravel covering area and a zigzag one-way sand barrier arranged in sequence from the ocean to the land. The giant kelp, the zigzag one-way sand barrier, the drawer-type trapping cage net, the gravel covering area and the zigzag one-way sand barrier are respectively parallel to the coastline and arranged in multiple lanes. The present invention combines five measures with different functions to form a coastal erosion protection system, from the nearshore seabed to the land beach, so that the supply of water, sand and wind-blown sand sediments to the shore is greater than the loss to the sea, which promotes the siltation of the seabed and the beach, sustainably improves the seabed and beach elevation, weakens wave energy, and inhibits the occurrence of coastal erosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coastal ecological environment management, and in particular relates to a drawer-type accumulation trap net and a coastal erosion prevention and control system. Background Art

[0002] Among marine disasters, coastal erosion, which has a global trend, has attracted widespread attention. Coastal erosion refers to the destructive process of coastal retreat caused by the lack of coastal sand supply and coastal sand loss under the action of ocean dynamics.

[0003] In order to mitigate the damage caused by coastal erosion, the current method is to change the migration pattern of nearshore sediment through engineering measures in local coastal sections, so that the sediment accumulates. The main protective projects are as follows:

[0004] First, seawalls are a traditional method of coastal protection. They are built in areas with higher beaches and are used to separate coastal land and sea areas. They are generally parallel to the coastline. Although they play a great role in fixing the coast and preventing moisture and waves, they are generally not used for beach protection and are not suitable as a long-term wave protection method, unless they are used as an auxiliary or emergency measure under other engineering measures. Therefore, this type of engineering structure is generally only suitable for coasts with small waves or silted coasts to prevent abnormal sea subsidence;

[0005] Second, spur dikes and spur dike groups are coastal structures that are nearly perpendicular to the coastline. Their function is to intercept the silt transported from the upstream coast to form a wide beach and protect the coast. Spur dikes have a relatively mature application on muddy coasts and can be used in muddy coastal areas. Spur dikes and spur dike groups rely on intercepted silt to achieve the purpose of protecting the coast. Therefore, for rivers with decreasing sediment transport volume year by year, such as the Yellow River, it is not conducive for spur dikes to intercept a large amount of silt to form a beach. Therefore, this protection method has shortcomings, especially for sandy coasts;

[0006] Third, offshore breakwaters are breakwaters built in the sea area at a certain distance from the coastline and roughly parallel to the coastline. They are called offshore breakwaters, or offshore breakwaters for short. Their function is similar to that of groins, and they can cause siltation on the upstream side of the offshore breakwater. Large stones or various concrete blocks can be used as protective surfaces. However, the opening of the offshore breakwater is small, and pollution is easy to accumulate in the bay and difficult to discharge. Therefore, when choosing an offshore breakwater as a coastal protection project, environmental pollution issues should be considered;

[0007] Fourth, artificial beach sand replenishment, collecting suitable sand from the sea or land to replenish the eroded beach is the most natural countermeasure to solve coastal erosion. Beach sand replenishment has been proven to be an economical and effective measure, and its impact on downstream beaches is less than other protective facilities. Since the sand artificially filled on the beach will still be washed away under various marine environmental conditions, especially sandy islands under the action of waves, the beach must be replenished every few years.

[0008] Although there are many forms of coastal protection projects, they all have their own shortcomings. From the above analysis, we can see that, first of all, except for the fourth artificial beach sand replenishment measure, the other measures are set up in the sea water, which does not protect the beaches above the high tide line, and the sand will still be carried into the sea water by wind erosion; secondly, various dams have played a role in reducing waves and silt deposited on the shore, but at the same time a large amount of sea sand is still washed back into the sea. Both sides of the dam play a role in blocking silt, reducing the supply of silt to the shore and the siltation effect; in addition, all kinds of dams are rigid structures, and generally only one is set. The waves passing through the dam still have great energy and will still erode the coast. Moreover, the dam is costly and has a long construction period. Summary of the invention

[0009] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a drawer-type accumulation cage net and a coastal erosion prevention and control system to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the aforementioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0011] An embodiment of the present invention provides a drawer-type accumulation cage net, comprising: one or more drawer-type accumulation cages and an accumulation net; the drawer-type accumulation cage is provided with a first opening and a second opening on a side facing the shore and a side facing the sea, respectively, and the first opening is larger than the second opening; the drawer-type accumulation cage is fixed on the seabed through an accumulation cage fixing mechanism and is located in the intertidal zone, and the accumulation net is laid on the seaward side of the drawer-type accumulation cage and is connected to the drawer-type accumulation cage as a whole.

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a coastal erosion prevention and control system, comprising a giant kelp planting area, a zigzag one-way sand-blocking wall, the drawer-type accumulation cage net, a gravel covering area and a zigzag one-way sand-blocking barrier arranged in sequence from the ocean direction to the land direction, wherein the giant kelp, the zigzag one-way sand-blocking wall, the drawer-type accumulation cage net, the gravel covering area and the zigzag one-way sand-blocking barrier are respectively parallel to the coastline and are arranged in multiple lanes.

[0013] Furthermore, the giant kelp planting area is provided with cultivation ropes vertically arranged in the waters at a depth of 5-20 m below the lowest tide line, and the cultivation ropes are used for planting giant kelp.

[0014] Furthermore, the zigzag one-way sand-blocking wall is distributed in a strip area located in the intertidal zone and 40m-150m away from the highest tide line; and the zigzag one-way sand-blocking wall includes a plurality of cement slabs arranged in a zigzag shape parallel to the coastline, and a directional opening and closing brush-like fence is provided between two adjacent cement slabs on the shore side, and a barrier net is provided between two adjacent cement slabs on the sea side.

[0015] Furthermore, the gravel covered area is laid near the highest tide line of the intertidal surf zone, and the thickness of the gravel covered area is 30-60 cm, and the width of the strip area covered by the gravel covered area is 5-20 m.

[0016] Furthermore, the zigzag one-way sand barrier is arranged on a beach above the highest tide line, and the zigzag one-way sand barrier comprises a plurality of sand-blocking nets arranged in a zigzag shape parallel to the coastline, and columns are provided between two adjacent sand-blocking nets.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The drawer-type trap net of the present invention has a one-way open design and can effectively capture and store the sea sand retreating into the sea without affecting its transmission to the shore, so that the supply of sediment to the shore is greater than the loss to the sea, thereby promoting the siltation of the coastline; when the trap net is full of sea sand, the drawer-type trap net can be lifted upward along the column, and the hook-shaped fixing rod of the trap net can be pulled upward to lift the drawer-type trap net as a whole, thereby continuously increasing the surface elevation, achieving the function of preventing coastline siltation and erosion.

[0019] (2) The coastal erosion control system of the present invention has the following advantages: in the seawater, giant kelp can reduce the energy of ocean currents and waves in deep waters, promote the proliferation of marine biological resources and the sustainable development of the ecosystem; the one-way structure formed by the zigzag one-way sand retaining wall allows sediments from the surrounding seabed to continuously accumulate on the shore side; the drawer-type trapping cage net can reduce the scouring effect of waves on the seabed surface and promote the deposition of sea sand in the cage net; the gravel covering is mainly in the intertidal wave zone, which effectively inhibits the scouring of waves and stabilizes the seabed surface; on the beach on the high tide line, the zigzag one-way sand barrier has a simple structure and is easy to implement. The system is easy to maintain and can make the amount of sea sand transported to the shore greater than the amount lost to the sea, thereby achieving beach sand accumulation and reducing the occurrence of erosion. Five measures with different functions are set up in multiple channels parallel to the coastline according to the beach terrain conditions. The coastal erosion protection system formed by the combination of each other, from the deep water area of ​​the ocean to the land beach area, can make the supply of water, sand and wind-blown sand sediments to the shore greater than the loss to the sea, promote the siltation of the seabed and beaches, continuously increase the elevation of the seabed and beaches, weaken wave energy, and inhibit the occurrence of coastal erosion. It is an effective measure for the comprehensive management of nearshore water, sand and wind-blown sand, especially for sandy coastlines and islands.

[0020] (3) The coastal erosion control system of the present invention, in which the giant kelp plants sway with the waves and ocean currents to form a spectacular underwater forest, can effectively mitigate the impact of waves on the coastline, and is a natural breakwater that can provide a good habitat and feeding place for natural and cultured aquatic organisms near the coast, thereby promoting the proliferation of marine biological resources and the sustainable development of the ecosystem.

[0021] (4) The coastal erosion control system of the present invention, wherein the provided zigzag one-way sand retaining wall constitutes a one-way through structure, so that sediments from the surrounding seabed are continuously deposited on the shore side, so there is no need for artificial sand replenishment, saving the cost of transportation and filling materials; wherein the one-way filamentary intercepting mesh brush is made of filamentary high-strength polyethylene (HDPE) material, which is resistant to seawater corrosion and has the advantage of flexible wave breaking; the wire bundles of the mesh brush are inserted into the supporting steel pipe, and then cement slurry is poured into the steel pipe, so that multiple wire bundles are glued and fixed to the supporting rod to form a whole, and the formed reinforced concrete structure has the advantage of high strength.

[0022] (5) The coastal erosion control system of the present invention, wherein the gravel-covered area is paved with gravels of a certain thickness and different sizes, can reduce wave energy and prevent waves from impacting and eroding the coast, especially in the breaking wave zone with steep terrain and strong wave impact, which can effectively inhibit wave scouring and stabilize the seabed surface.

[0023] (6) The coastal erosion control system of the present invention comprises a zigzag one-way sand barrier with a simple structure and convenient construction and maintenance. Under onshore wind conditions, sand-carrying wind can be smoothly transported through the zigzag one-way sand barrier toward the land. Under seaward wind conditions, the zigzag one-way sand barrier can block the passage of sand. Its one-way valve design can only transport sand toward the shore, inhibiting the transport of sand toward the sea, so that the amount of sea sand transported toward the shore is greater than the amount lost toward the sea, thereby achieving beach siltation and reducing the occurrence of erosion. Since there is more sand on a single surface, when the sand accumulation on the shore side of the sand barrier reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the sand barrier, the columns and the sand barrier net can be artificially lifted, thereby achieving the purpose of reusing the sand barrier net and columns, facilitating the raising of the sand barrier height, and extending the service life of the project, while saving costs and achieving the purpose of continuous surface lifting and promoting siltation and land reclamation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a drawer-type accumulation cage net in one embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coastal erosion prevention and control system in one embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of a mid-fold one-way sand retaining wall.

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a medium directional opening and closing brush fence.

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a mid-fold one-way sand barrier.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Drawer-type trap cage; 11. First / second set of rings; 2. Drawer-shaped trap net; 21. Hook-shaped fixing rod; 22. Locking rope; 3. Column; 4. Zigzag one-way sand retaining wall; 41. Directional opening and closing brush-like fence; 411. Support rod; 412. Horizontal connecting rod; 413. Net brush support rod; 414. Filamentary intercepting net brush; 42. Barrier net; 43. Cement board; 5. Giant kelp planting area; 51. Building block; 52. Breeding rope; 6. Zigzag one-way sand barrier; 61. Column; 62. Sand blocking net; 7. Highest tide level line; 8. Seabed surface; 9. Protection area; 10. Land surface; 12. Gravel covered area; 13. Connecting steel pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be more fully understood through the following detailed description, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are only exemplary of the present invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the specific functional details disclosed herein should not be interpreted as limiting, but only as the basis of the claims and as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to adopt the present invention in different ways in virtually any appropriate detailed embodiment.

[0032] One aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a drawer-type accumulation cage net, comprising: one or more drawer-type accumulation cages and an accumulation net; the drawer-type accumulation cage is provided with a first opening and a second opening on a side facing the shore and a side facing the sea, respectively, and the first opening is larger than the second opening; the drawer-type accumulation cage is fixed on the seabed by an accumulation cage fixing mechanism and is located in the intertidal zone, and the accumulation net is laid on the seaward side of the drawer-type accumulation cage and connected to the drawer-type accumulation cage as a whole.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments, the drawer-type trapping cage net is arranged in a strip area in the intertidal zone 10m-60m away from the highest tide line.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the drawer-type trap net comprises a plurality of drawer-type traps arranged in parallel along the shoreline direction.

[0035] In some preferred embodiments, the top surface of the drawer-type accretion cage is inclined downward, so that the shore side of the drawer-type accretion cage is higher than the sea side.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the accretion cage fixing mechanism comprises a plurality of first rings arranged on two opposite sides of the drawer-type accretion cage, wherein the first rings allow the columns to pass through and fix the drawer-type accretion cage on the seabed.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, a plurality of second rings are provided on the seaward side of the drawer-type accretion cage, and the second rings can be passed through by a connecting pipe, and the accretion net is wound and tied around the connecting pipe.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, the edge of the accumulation net is further provided with an edge locking rope, and the edge locking rope is fixed to the seabed surface via a plurality of hook-shaped fixing pins.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, the drawer-type capture cage is cast by cement board.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, each drawer-type trap has a length of 1.5-2.5 m along the shoreline direction, a width of 0.5-1 m, a height of the shore opening of 20-30 cm, and a height of the sea opening of 5-10 cm.

[0041] The length of the accumulation net along the shoreline direction is determined by the number of accumulation cages. In some preferred embodiments, a plurality of drawer-type accumulation cages are matched with one accumulation net.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments, the length of the accumulation net is 15-25 m, and the width perpendicular to the shoreline is 5-10 m.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, the length of the column is 1.5-2.0 m, the diameter is 30-40 mm, and the height above the seabed is 0.8-1.3 m.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, the columns may include galvanized steel pipes, but are not limited thereto.

[0045] In some preferred embodiments, the hook-shaped fixing rod is made of steel bars, and the top is bent downward to form a hook shape.

[0046] In some preferred embodiments, the hook-shaped fixing pin has a diameter of 2-3 cm and a length of 70-90 cm.

[0047] The drawer-type accumulation cage net provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a one-way open design and can effectively capture and store sea sand retreating into the sea without affecting its transmission to the shore, thereby achieving that the supply of sediment to the shore is greater than the loss to the sea, thereby promoting the siltation of the coastline; when the accumulation net is full of sea sand, the drawer-type accumulation cage can be lifted upward along the column, and the hook-shaped fixing rod of the accumulation net can be pulled upward to lift the drawer-type accumulation cage net as a whole, thereby continuously increasing the surface elevation, achieving the function of coastline siltation and preventing erosion.

[0048] Another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a coastal erosion control system, comprising a giant kelp planting area, a zigzag one-way sand barrier, the drawer-type accumulation cage net, a gravel covering area and a zigzag one-way sand barrier arranged in sequence from the ocean direction to the land direction, wherein the giant kelp, the zigzag one-way sand barrier, the drawer-type accumulation cage net, the gravel covering area and the zigzag one-way sand barrier are respectively parallel to the coastline and arranged in multiple lanes.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, the giant kelp planting area is provided with cultivation ropes vertically arranged in waters 5-20 m below the lowest tide line, and the cultivation ropes are used for planting giant kelp.

[0050] In some more preferred embodiments, 15-20 artificially cultivated 15 cm long macroalgae juveniles are clamped in every 2 m long cultivation rope.

[0051] In some more preferred embodiments, the diameter of the farming rope is 3-4 cm, the length is 5-20 m, and the bottom of the farming rope is fixed on a block buried in the seabed.

[0052] The length of giant kelp is generally 15 to 50 meters, and the longest can reach 80 meters. It is the largest individual seaweed in the world and is mainly distributed on the west coast of the United States and Mexico. The economic value of giant kelp is very high. It can be used as feed and bait for livestock and fish, and can even be eaten as vegetables. Giant kelp contains a variety of amino acids, which can be used to extract medicines, and can also be used to extract chemical raw materials such as alginate, mannitol, iodine, potassium, and make fertilizers. Giant kelp can produce combustible gas methane after fermentation, which can provide new energy for people. The waters where it grows are also suitable for the reproduction of various fish, shrimps, and shellfish.

[0053] The life span of giant kelp is generally 4-8 years, and can be up to 12 years. It is one of the fastest growing marine plants, and can grow rapidly at a speed of 60 centimeters per day. Most giant kelp can grow to dozens of meters. Giant kelp likes to grow on the seabed rocks with deep water and fast currents, and is located in the continental shelf waters 5-20 meters deep below the low tide line. In waters with high transparency, its growth depth can reach 30 meters, and it grows most luxuriantly at 18 to 20 meters. The most suitable water temperature for its growth is 8 to 20 degrees Celsius.

[0054] The giant kelp plants sway with the waves and ocean currents, forming a spectacular underwater forest that can effectively mitigate the impact of waves on the coastline and serve as a natural breakwater. It can provide a good habitat and feeding place for natural and cultivated aquatic organisms near the coast, promoting the proliferation of marine biological resources and the sustainable development of the ecosystem.

[0055] In some preferred embodiments, the zigzag one-way sand-blocking wall is distributed in a strip area located in the intertidal zone and 40m-150m away from the highest tide line; and the zigzag one-way sand-blocking wall includes a plurality of cement slabs arranged in a zigzag shape parallel to the coastline, and a directional opening and closing brush fence is provided between two adjacent cement slabs on the shore side, and a barrier net is provided between two adjacent cement slabs on the sea side.

[0056] In some preferred embodiments, the zigzag one-way sand-blocking wall is arranged vertically.

[0057] In some preferred embodiments, 2 to 4 of the above-mentioned zigzag one-way sand-blocking walls are arranged in the intertidal zone.

[0058] In some preferred embodiments, the height of the cement board is 1.5-2m, the height above the seabed is 0.8-1.3m, the width is 1-1.5m, and the thickness is 5-10cm.

[0059] In some preferred embodiments, the angle between two adjacent cement boards is 70-90 degrees, and the spacing between them is 10-20 cm.

[0060] In some preferred embodiments, the directional opening and closing brush fence includes two adjacent upright support rods, two filamentary interception net brushes and a plurality of net brush support rods; wherein, a filamentary interception net brush is fixed on each support rod, and the filamentary interception net brush includes a plurality of wire bundles distributed along the length direction of the support rod, and each wire bundle extends toward the middle of the directional opening and closing brush fence, and any two adjacent filamentary interception net brushes are arranged in parallel and partially overlap, and an upright net brush is also provided at the overlap of any two adjacent filamentary interception net brushes and on the sea side. Brush support rod; when the waves in the shoreward direction hit the directional opening and closing brush fence, the end of each wire bundle is bent toward the coast, so that any two adjacent filamentary interception net brushes are separated from each other, thereby allowing the solids carried by the waves to pass through the directional opening and closing brush fence, and when the waves in the seaward direction hit the directional opening and closing brush fence, the end of each wire bundle is blocked by the corresponding net brush support rod, so that any two adjacent filamentary interception net brushes remain in an overlapping state, thereby blocking the solids carried by the waves from passing through the directional opening and closing brush fence.

[0061] In some preferred embodiments, the support rod passes through a steel bar fixing ring cast on the edge of the cement slab, and the lower part of the support rod is buried in the tidal flat and arranged vertically.

[0062] In some preferred embodiments, the support rod has a length of 1.5m-2.0m, a diameter of 30mm-40mm, a height above the seabed of 0.8m-1.3m, and a spacing between two adjacent support rods of 10-20cm.

[0063] In some preferred embodiments, the support rod may include a galvanized steel pipe, but is not limited thereto.

[0064] In some preferred embodiments, the filament bundle is composed of a plurality of HDPE filaments, wherein the diameter of the HDPE filaments is 1-2 mm and the length is 12-19 cm.

[0065] In some preferred embodiments, the wire bundle has a diameter of 10-20 mm and a length of 12-19 cm.

[0066] In some preferred embodiments, the distance between adjacent wire bundles on the same support rod is 10-20 mm.

[0067] In some preferred embodiments, the length of each wire bundle extending outside the support rod is 9-16 cm.

[0068] In some preferred embodiments, each wire bundle extends 3 cm inside the support rod.

[0069] In some preferred embodiments, the length of the overlapping portion of any two adjacent filamentary intercepting mesh brushes is 4-6 cm.

[0070] In some preferred embodiments, the wire bundle includes a plurality of thin wires radially penetrating into the support rod, and the plurality of thin wires are fixed on the support rod by cement slurry poured into the inner cavity of the support rod.

[0071] In some preferred embodiments, the lower part of the mesh brush rod is buried in the tidal flat.

[0072] In some preferred embodiments, the length of the net brush supporting rod is 1.5m-2.0m, the diameter is 10mm-20mm, and the height above the seabed surface is 0.8m-1.3m.

[0073] In some preferred embodiments, the mesh brush supporting rod may include steel bars or galvanized steel pipes, but is not limited thereto.

[0074] In some preferred embodiments, two adjacent support rods and one net brush supporting rod are further connected to each other via a plurality of transverse connecting rods to form a whole.

[0075] In some preferred embodiments, two adjacent cement boards are connected and fixed by passing two adjacent support rods of the directional opening and closing brush fence through a steel bar fixing ring cast on the edge of the cement board.

[0076] In some preferred embodiments, the barrier net is made of HDPE net with a porosity of 20-35%.

[0077] In some preferred embodiments, the HDPE mesh is wound and fixed on two adjacent support rods, and the two adjacent support rods pass through a steel bar fixing ring cast on the edge of the cement slab, so that the two adjacent cement slabs are connected and fixed.

[0078] The zigzag one-way sand retaining wall provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a unique one-way opening and closing design of its directional opening and closing brush-like fence, so that the shoreward waves will cause the opening and closing mouth to open, and sand and other sediments will gather along the cement board with the water flow and waves, and enter the shoreward side of the fence through the opening and closing mouth; when the waves retreat to the ocean, seawater can pass through the barrier net smoothly, but the sand is blocked by the barrier net and the closed cement board and fixed on the shoreward side of the sand retaining wall, and the opening and closing mouth of the brush-like fence is automatically closed. At this time, the one-way filamentary interception net brush of the fence allows seawater to pass through, but will block the sand on the shoreward side of the fence and will not be brought into the ocean; therefore, this process is a flexible process that can be opened and closed at any time with the surge of the waves, which promotes the accumulation of sand on the seabed.

[0079] In some preferred embodiments, the gravel-covered area is laid near the highest tide line of the intertidal surf zone, and the thickness of the gravel-covered area is 30-60 cm, and the width of the strip area covered by the gravel-covered area is 5-20 m.

[0080] In some preferred embodiments, the diameter of the gravel in the gravel-covered area is 5-60 cm.

[0081] The gravel coverage area provided by the embodiment of the present invention is paved with gravels of a certain thickness and different sizes, which can reduce wave energy and prevent waves from impacting and eroding the coast, especially in the breaking wave zone with steep terrain and strong wave impact, which can effectively suppress wave scouring and stabilize the seabed.

[0082] In some preferred embodiments, the zigzag one-way sand barrier is arranged on a beach above the highest tide line, and the zigzag one-way sand barrier includes a plurality of sand-blocking nets arranged in a zigzag shape parallel to the coastline, and columns are provided between two adjacent sand-blocking nets.

[0083] In some preferred embodiments, the sand-blocking net has a width of 2-4 m, a height of 0.8-1.5 m, and a porosity of 25%-35%.

[0084] In some preferred embodiments, the angle between two adjacent sand-blocking nets is 60-90 degrees.

[0085] In some preferred embodiments, the height of the pillar is 1.5-2.2 m, and the height of the pillar above the beach is 0.8-1.5 m.

[0086] In some preferred embodiments, a spacing of 10-20 cm is provided between two adjacent columns on the shore side, and two adjacent columns on the sea side are closely connected.

[0087] In some preferred embodiments, the pillars may include cement pillars or log pillars, but are not limited thereto.

[0088] The zigzag one-way sand barrier provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to construct and maintain. Under onshore wind conditions, sand-carrying wind can be smoothly transported through the zigzag one-way sand barrier toward the land. Under seaward wind conditions, the zigzag one-way sand barrier can block the passage of sand. Its one-way valve design can only transport sand toward the shore, suppressing the transport of sand toward the sea, so that the amount of sea sand transported toward the shore is greater than the amount lost toward the sea, thereby achieving beach siltation and reducing the occurrence of erosion. Since there is more sand on a single surface, when the accumulated sand on the shore side of the sand barrier reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the sand barrier, the columns and the sand barrier net can be artificially lifted, thereby achieving the purpose of reusing the sand barrier net and the columns, facilitating the raising of the sand barrier height, and extending the service life of the project, while saving costs and achieving the purpose of continuous surface lifting and promoting siltation and land reclamation.

[0089] Example 1

[0090] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a drawer-type accumulation cage net, comprising one or more drawer-type accumulation cages 1 and an accumulation net 2; the drawer-type accumulation cage 1 is provided with a first opening and a second opening on a side facing the shore and a side facing the sea, respectively, and the first opening is larger than the second opening; the drawer-type accumulation cage 1 is fixed on the seabed by an accumulation cage fixing mechanism and is located in the intertidal zone, and the accumulation net 2 is laid on the seaward side of the drawer-type accumulation cage 1 and connected to the drawer-type accumulation cage 1 as a whole.

[0091] During the implementation process, the drawer-type accumulation cage net is arranged in a strip area in the intertidal zone 10m-60m away from the highest tide line. The top surface of the drawer-type accumulation cage 1 is tilted downward, so that the shore side of the drawer-type accumulation cage 1 is higher than the seaward side; the accumulation cage fixing mechanism includes a plurality of first rings 11 arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the drawer-type accumulation cage 1, and the first rings 11 can be passed by the columns and fix the drawer-type accumulation cage 1 on the seabed; a plurality of second rings 11 are arranged on the seaward side of the drawer-type accumulation cage 1, and the second rings 11 can be passed by the connecting pipe 13, and the accumulation net 2 is wrapped and tied on the connecting pipe 13; the edge of the accumulation net 2 is also provided with a locking rope 22, and the locking rope 22 is fixed to the seabed surface through a plurality of hook-shaped fixing pins 21.

[0092] In the present embodiment, the drawer-type accumulation cage 1 is cast by cement board, and the length of each drawer-type accumulation cage 1 along the coastline direction is 1.5-2.5m, the width is 0.5-1m, and the height of the opening to the shore is 20-30cm, and the height of the opening to the sea is 5-10cm; the length of the accumulation net 2 along the coastline direction depends on the number of accumulation cages 1, generally ten drawer-type accumulation cages 1 are equipped with one accumulation net 2, the length of the accumulation net 2 is 15-25m, and the width perpendicular to the coastline direction is 5-10m; the length of the column 3 is 1.5-2.0m, the diameter is 30-40mm, and the height exposed from the seabed surface is 0.8-1.3m; the column 3 is made of galvanized steel pipe, the hook-shaped fixing bar 21 is made of steel bar, and the top is bent downward in a hook shape; the diameter of the hook-shaped fixing bar 21 is 2-3cm and the length is 70-90cm.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] See also Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a coastal erosion prevention system, comprising a giant kelp planting area 5, a zigzag one-way sand blocking wall 4, the drawer-type accumulation cage net of Example 1, a gravel covering area 12 and a zigzag one-way sand blocking barrier 6, which are arranged in sequence from the ocean direction to the land direction. The giant kelp planting area 5, the zigzag one-way sand blocking wall 4, the drawer-type accumulation cage net, the gravel covering area 12 and the zigzag one-way sand blocking barrier 6 are respectively parallel to the coastline and are arranged in multiple lanes.

[0095] In this embodiment, the giant kelp planting area 5 is planted by a cultivation rope 52 vertically arranged in the water area 5-20m below the lowest tide line, and 15-20 artificially cultivated 15cm long giant kelp juveniles are clamped on each 2m long cultivation rope; the diameter of the cultivation rope 52 is 3-4cm, the length is 5-20m, and the bottom of the cultivation rope 52 is fixed on the block 51 buried in the seabed.

[0096] The broken-line one-way sand-blocking wall 4 is distributed in a strip area located in the intertidal zone and 740m-150m away from the highest tidal line; and, as Figure 3 As shown, the zigzag one-way sand-blocking wall 4 includes a plurality of cement boards 43 arranged in a zigzag shape parallel to the coastline, and a directional opening and closing brush-shaped fence 41 is provided between two adjacent cement boards 43 on the shore side, and a barrier net 42 is provided between two adjacent cement boards 43 on the sea side; the zigzag one-way sand-blocking wall 4 is arranged vertically, and 2-4 zigzag one-way sand-blocking walls 4 are provided in the intertidal zone; the height of the cement board 43 is 1.5-2m, the height of the cement board 43 exposed to the seabed surface 7 is 0.8-1.3m, the width is 1-1.5m, and the thickness is 5-10cm;

[0097] The angle between two adjacent cement boards 43 is 70-90 degrees, and the spacing is 10-20 cm.

[0098] In the specific implementation process, the specific structure of the directional opening and closing brush-like fence 41 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes two upright support rods 411, two filamentary interception net brushes 414 and a plurality of net brush support rods 413; wherein, a filamentary interception net brush 414 is fixed on each support rod 411, and the filamentary interception net brush 414 includes a plurality of wire bundles distributed along the length direction of the support rod 411, and each wire bundle extends toward the middle of the directional opening and closing brush-like fence 41, and any two adjacent filamentary interception net brushes 414 are arranged in parallel and partially overlapped, and an upright net brush support rod 413 is also provided at the overlap of any two adjacent filamentary interception net brushes 414 and on the seaward side. Rod 413; when the waves in the shoreward direction hit the directional opening and closing brush fence 41, the end of each wire bundle is bent toward the coast, so that any two adjacent wire-like intercepting net brushes 414 are separated from each other, thereby allowing the solids carried by the waves to pass through the directional opening and closing brush fence 41, and when the waves in the seaward direction hit the directional opening and closing brush fence 41, the end of each wire bundle is blocked by the corresponding net brush against the rod 413, so that any two adjacent wire-like intercepting net brushes 414 remain in an overlapping state, thereby blocking the solids carried by the waves from passing through the directional opening and closing brush fence 41.

[0099] The lower part of the support rod 411 is buried in the mudflat and arranged vertically. The length of the support rod 411 is 1.5m-2.0m, the diameter is 30mm-40mm, the height exposed from the seabed surface 7 is 0.8m-1.3m, the distance between two adjacent support rods 411 is 10-20cm, the support rod 411 is made of galvanized steel pipe, and the wire bundle is composed of multiple HDPE filaments. The diameter of the HDPE filament is 1-2mm, the length is 12-19cm, and the diameter of the wire bundle is 10-20mm, the length is 12-19cm, and the distance between adjacent wire bundles on the same support rod 411 is 10-20mm, and the length of each wire bundle extending out of the support rod 411 is 9-16cm; the length of the overlapping part of any two adjacent filamentary intercepting mesh brushes 414 is 4-6cm, and the wire bundle includes a plurality of filaments radially penetrating into the support rod 411, and the plurality of filaments are fixed to the support rod 411 by cement slurry poured into the inner cavity of the support rod 411.

[0100] The lower part of the net brush supporting rod 413 is buried in the mudflat. The length of the net brush supporting rod 413 is 1.5m-2.0m, the diameter is 10mm-20mm, and the height exposed from the seabed surface 7 is 0.8m-1.3m. The net brush supporting rod 413 is made of steel bars or galvanized steel pipes, and two support rods 411 and one net brush supporting rod 413 are also connected to each other through multiple transverse connecting rods 412 to form a whole; by passing two adjacent support rods 411 of the directional opening and closing brush-shaped fence 41 through the steel bar fixing ring cast on the edge of the cement board 43, the two adjacent cement boards 43 are connected and fixed.

[0101] The barrier net 42 is made of HDPE net with a porosity of 20-35%. The HDPE net is wound and fixed on two adjacent support rods, and the two adjacent support rods pass through the steel bar fixing ring cast on the edge of the cement board 43, so that the two adjacent cement boards 43 are connected and fixed.

[0102] The gravel covered area 12 is laid near the highest tide line 7 of the intertidal surf zone, and the thickness of the gravel covered area 12 is 30-60 cm, the width of the strip area covered by the gravel covered area 12 is 5-20 m, and the diameter of the gravel in the gravel covered area 12 is 5-60 cm.

[0103] like Figure 5 As shown, the zigzag one-way sand barrier 6 is arranged on the beach (land surface 10) above the highest tide level line 7, and the zigzag one-way sand barrier 6 includes a plurality of sand blocking nets 62 arranged in a zigzag shape parallel to the coastline, and a column 61 is arranged between two adjacent sand blocking nets 62; the width of the sand blocking net 62 is 2-4m, the height is 0.8-1.5m, the porosity is 25%-35%, and the angle between the two adjacent sand blocking nets 62 is 60-90 degrees; the height of the column 61 is 1.5-2.2m, and the height leaking out of the beach (land surface 10) is 0.8-1.5m; a spacing is set between the two adjacent columns 61 on the shore side, the spacing is 10-20cm, and the two adjacent columns 61 on the sea side are closely connected, and the columns 61 can be selected from cement columns or log columns.

[0104] The coastal erosion prevention system provided in this embodiment has the following characteristics: in the seawater, the giant kelp 5 can reduce the energy of ocean currents and waves in deep waters, promote the proliferation of marine biological resources and the sustainable development of the ecosystem; the one-way through structure formed by the zigzag one-way sand retaining wall 4 allows sediments from the surrounding seabed to continuously accumulate on the shore side; the drawer-type trapping cage net can reduce the scouring effect of waves on the seabed surface and promote the deposition of sea sand in the cage net; the gravel covering area 12 mainly covers the intertidal wave zone, effectively inhibiting wave scouring and stabilizing the seabed surface; on the beach on the high tide line, the zigzag one-way sand barrier 6 has a structure It is simple, easy to construct and maintain, and can make the amount of sea sand transported to the shore greater than the amount lost to the sea, thereby achieving beach sand accumulation and reducing the occurrence of erosion; five measures with different functions are set up in multiple channels parallel to the coastline according to the beach terrain conditions, and the coastal erosion protection system composed of each other, from the deep water area of ​​the ocean to the land beach area, can make the supply of water, sand and wind-blown sand sediments to the shore greater than the loss to the sea, promote the siltation of seabed and beach, continuously increase the elevation of seabed and beach, weaken wave energy, and inhibit the occurrence of coastal erosion; especially for sandy coastlines and islands, it is an effective measure for the comprehensive management of nearshore water, sand and wind-blown sand.

[0105] The various aspects, embodiments, features and examples of the present invention should be considered as illustrative in all aspects and are not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined only by the claims. Other embodiments, modifications and uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed invention.

[0106] The use of headings and sections in this disclosure is not meant to limit the disclosure; each section may apply to any aspect, embodiment, or feature of the disclosure.

[0107] Throughout this disclosure, where a composition is described as having, containing, or comprising particular components, or where a process is described as having, containing, or comprising particular process steps, it is contemplated that the compositions taught by the present invention also consist essentially of or consist of the recited components, and that the processes taught by the present invention also consist essentially of or consist of the recited process steps.

[0108] Unless specifically stated otherwise, use of the terms "include," "includes," "including," "have," "has," or "having" should generally be construed as open ended and non-limiting.

[0109] It should be understood that the order of the various steps or the order in which the specific actions are performed is not very important, as long as the teachings of the present invention remain operable. In addition, two or more steps or actions may be performed simultaneously.

[0110] In addition, the inventors of this case also referred to the aforementioned embodiments and conducted experiments with other raw materials, process operations, and process conditions described in this specification, and obtained relatively ideal results.

[0111] Although the present invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various other changes, omissions and / or additions may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and that the elements of the embodiments may be replaced by substantial equivalents. In addition, many modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention to adapt specific circumstances or materials to the teachings of the present invention. Therefore, it is not intended herein to limit the present invention to the disclosed specific embodiments for performing the present invention, but it is intended that the present invention will include all embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. In addition, unless specifically stated, any use of the terms first, second, etc. does not indicate any order or importance, but rather uses the terms first, second, etc. to distinguish one element from another.

Claims

1. A drawer-type trapping cage net, characterized in that: include: A plurality of drawer-type accumulation cages and an accumulation net; the drawer-type accumulation cages are provided with a first opening and a second opening on a side facing the shore and a side facing the sea, respectively, and the first opening is larger than the second opening; the drawer-type accumulation cages are fixed on the seabed by an accumulation cage fixing mechanism and are located in the intertidal zone, and the accumulation net is laid on the seaward side of the drawer-type accumulation cages and connected to the drawer-type accumulation cages as a whole; The drawer-type accumulation cage net comprises a plurality of drawer-type accumulation cages arranged in parallel along the coastline direction, the top surface of the drawer-type accumulation cages being inclined downward so that the shoreward side of the drawer-type accumulation cages is higher than the seaward side; the accumulation cage fixing mechanism comprises a plurality of first rings arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the drawer-type accumulation cage, the first rings being passable for columns to pass through and fixing the drawer-type accumulation cages on the seabed; a plurality of second rings are arranged on the seaward side surface of the drawer-type accumulation cage, the second rings being passable for connecting pipes to pass through, and the accumulation net is wound and tied around the connecting pipes.

2. The drawer type accumulation cage net according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drawer-type trapping cage net is arranged in a strip area in the intertidal zone 10m-60m away from the highest tide line.

3. The drawer type accumulation cage net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the accumulation net is also provided with a locking rope, and the locking rope is fixed on the seabed surface through a plurality of hook-shaped fixing pins.

4. The drawer type accumulation cage net according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the column is 1.5-2.0m, the diameter is 30-40mm, and the height above the seabed is 0.8-1.3m.

5. The drawer type accumulation cage net according to claim 2, characterized in that: The columns include galvanized steel pipes.

6. The drawer type accumulation cage net according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hook-shaped fixing rod is made of steel bars, and the top is bent downward to form a hook shape.

7. The drawer type accumulation cage net according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hook-shaped fixing rod has a diameter of 2-3 cm and a length of 70-90 cm.

8. The drawer type accumulation cage net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drawer-type accumulation trap is formed by pouring cement slabs.

9. The drawer type accumulation cage net according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each drawer-type trap has a length of 1.5-2.5 m along the shoreline, a width of 0.5-1 m, a height of the opening toward the shore of 20-30 cm, and a height of the opening toward the sea of ​​5-10 cm.

10. The drawer type accumulation cage net according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of drawer-type accumulation cages are matched with an accumulation net; the accumulation net has a length of 15-25m and a width perpendicular to the shoreline direction of 5-10m.

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