A test bench and test method for testing tapered roller bearings

Abstract

The present application proposes a test bench and a test method for testing tapered roller bearings. The test bench includes a force loading mechanism, a force measuring mechanism, a deformation measuring mechanism and a test fixture; the test fixture includes a loading seat, a base and a dummy shaft located between the base and the loading seat, the dummy shaft and the loading seat define a first assembly space for placing the tapered roller, and the dummy shaft and the base define a second assembly space for placing the tapered roller; the force measuring mechanism is used to measure the loading force of the force loading mechanism. The force loading mechanism of the present application applies force to the loading seat through the force measuring mechanism, thereby generating an extrusion force on the tapered roller under the coordinated action of the loading seat, the dummy shaft and the base, simulating the real-time deformation of the tapered roller under a specific load, the deformation corresponding to the distance change between the loading seat and the base, the deformation is measured by a deformation measuring mechanism, so that the gasket selected according to the real-time deformation is more in line with actual use requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tapered roller bearings of automobile transmission systems, and in particular to a test bench and a test method for testing tapered roller bearings. Background Art

[0002] The gasket selection process of automobile transmission system is one of the key processes in the assembly and manufacturing process. The gasket selection result has a direct impact on the efficiency, NVH and life of the transmission system. In the gasket selection process, the selection of gaskets for tapered roller bearings is relatively complicated. Because the inner and outer rings of the bearings are separated, the inner and outer rings of the bearings need to fit reasonably during measurement, but the actual situation is difficult to stabilize, resulting in the inability to guarantee measurement accuracy and stability. The common response method in the industry is to load the bearing with preload, then rotate and run it, so that it is in a relatively stable state, and then perform gasket selection measurement, select appropriate gaskets according to the measurement results, and make the inner and outer rings of the bearing fit reasonably with compensation for the gasket thickness.

[0003] However, the target value of the loading force in the above method is mainly recommended by the supplier, without considering the actual application scenario of the product. At the same time, the loading target of the same model standard tapered roller bearing varies from brand to brand. Therefore, it is not possible to combine actual use to obtain the relationship between the deformation and load of the bearing, and thus it is impossible to select gaskets that meet the product application scenario in the actual application link.

[0004] To this end, it is necessary to provide a technical solution for obtaining suitable gaskets according to actual usage requirements. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a test bench and a test method for testing a tapered roller bearing, which can obtain a suitable gasket according to actual use requirements.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A test bench for testing tapered roller bearings, comprising a force loading mechanism, a force measuring mechanism, a deformation measuring mechanism and a test fixture; wherein the test fixture comprises a loading seat, a base and a dummy shaft located between the base and the loading seat, the dummy shaft and the loading seat define a first assembly space for placing the tapered roller, and the dummy shaft and the base define a second assembly space for placing the tapered roller;

[0008] When the force loading mechanism applies force to the loading seat through the force measuring mechanism, the tapered roller in the first assembly space is deformed by the pressure of the loading seat and the dummy shaft, and the tapered roller in the second assembly space is deformed by the pressure of the dummy shaft and the base;

[0009] The force measuring mechanism is used to measure the loading force of the force loading mechanism, and the deformation measuring mechanism is used to measure the distance change between the loading seat and the base.

[0010] In one embodiment, a first groove is provided on the side of the loading seat facing the dummy shaft, a first shoulder is provided on the end of the dummy shaft facing the loading seat, the end of the dummy shaft cooperates with the first groove, and the first assembly space is defined by the side wall of the first shoulder and the side wall of the first groove.

[0011] In one embodiment, a second groove is provided on the side of the base facing the dummy shaft, a second shoulder is provided on the end of the dummy shaft facing the base, the end of the dummy shaft cooperates with the second groove, and the second assembly space is defined by the side wall of the second shoulder and the side wall of the second groove.

[0012] In one embodiment, it also includes a mounting bracket, which includes a first bracket, a second bracket, a third bracket and a base arranged in sequence along a straight line, the force loading mechanism is arranged on the first bracket, the force measuring mechanism is arranged on the second bracket, the loading seat is arranged on the third bracket, and the base is arranged on the base, and the position of the dummy axis is defined by the loading seat and the base.

[0013] In one embodiment, the second support includes a second support platform, the second support platform is connected to the third support via at least one support rod and is spaced apart from the third support;

[0014] The force measuring mechanism includes an upper pressure head, a lower pressure head spaced apart from the upper pressure head, and a force sensor located between the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head; the upper pressure head can be moved along its own axial direction to cooperate with a pressure head guide sleeve arranged on the second bracket, and the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are connected through the force sensor; when the force loading mechanism applies force to the upper pressure head, the upper pressure head can move along its own axial direction, and drive the force sensor and the lower pressure head, so that the lower pressure head moves toward the loading seat and squeezes the loading seat.

[0015] In one embodiment, the third support includes a third support platform, the third support platform is connected to the base through at least one support rod and is spaced apart from the base;

[0016] The loading seat includes a loading part and a guide column connected to the loading part. The first assembly space is defined by the loading part and the dummy shaft. The guide column can be moved along its own axial direction to cooperate with a bushing provided on the third bracket. The force loading mechanism applies force to the end of the guide column facing away from the loading part through the force measuring mechanism to make the guide column move along its own axial direction.

[0017] In one embodiment, a thrust needle roller bearing is provided on the end surface of the guide column facing away from the loading portion. When the force loading mechanism applies force to the guide column through the force measuring mechanism, the guide column can rotate relative to the force measuring mechanism.

[0018] In one embodiment, the force loading mechanism includes a thrust rod, a thrust head detachably provided at one end of the thrust rod, and a driving device for driving the thrust rod to move along its own axial direction, and the thrust rod applies force to the force measuring mechanism through the thrust head.

[0019] A measuring method of the above-mentioned test bench for testing tapered roller bearings comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1: Install the tapered roller to be tested into the first assembly space and / or the second assembly space;

[0021] S2: The force loading mechanism applies force to the loading seat through the force measuring mechanism until the force measuring mechanism senses a pressure signal, the force measuring mechanism obtains initial force data, and the deformation measuring mechanism measures and obtains initial distance data between the loading seat and the base;

[0022] S3: The loading force of the force loading mechanism is increased multiple times. Each time the loading force is increased, the force measuring mechanism obtains force data once, and the deformation measuring mechanism obtains distance data once;

[0023] S4: generating an analysis curve according to the force data obtained by the force measuring mechanism and the distance data obtained by the deformation measuring mechanism;

[0024] S5: inputting the theoretical force value of the tapered roller in the design stage into the analysis curve, obtaining the corresponding theoretical distance value, and obtaining the difference between the theoretical distance value and the initial distance data;

[0025] S6: Replace the dummy shaft, repeat the operations of steps S1-S5 multiple times, obtain the difference generated by each operation; calculate the average value of each difference, and select the corresponding gasket according to the average value.

[0026] In one embodiment, between step S2 and step S3, the following steps are also included:

[0027] S21: The loading force of the force loading mechanism is increased multiple times, and each time the loading force is increased, the force measuring mechanism obtains detection force data once, and the deformation measuring mechanism obtains detection distance data once;

[0028] S22: generating a detection analysis curve according to the detection force data obtained by the force measurement mechanism and the detection distance data obtained by the deformation measurement mechanism; the force loading mechanism stops applying pressure to the force measurement mechanism;

[0029] S23: Repeat the operations of steps S21-S22 for multiple times to obtain the detection and analysis curve corresponding to each operation. When the coincidence degree of each detection and analysis curve meets the standard, proceed to step S3.

[0030] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the force loading mechanism of the present application applies force to the loading seat through the force measuring mechanism, thereby generating an extrusion force on the tapered roller under the coordinated action of the loading seat, the dummy shaft and the base, simulating the real-time deformation of the tapered roller under a specific load, and thus selecting the gasket based on the real-time deformation. The gasket selected in this way is more in line with actual use requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention, but should not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structural relationship of the test bench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the force measuring mechanism and the force loading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Notes on the attached drawings:

[0036] 10. force loading mechanism; 11. housing; 12. thrust rod; 13. thrust head;

[0037] 20. Force measuring mechanism; 21. Push-pull head; 22. Upper pressure head; 23. Lower pressure head; 24. Force sensor; 25. Thrust needle roller bearing;

[0038] 30. Test fixture; 31. Loading seat; 311. Guide column; 312. Loading part; 32. Dummy shaft; 33. Base;

[0039] 41. first support platform; 42. second support platform; 43. third support platform; 431. bushing; 432. base;

[0040] 50. Tapered roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0042] This embodiment provides a test bench for testing tapered roller bearings, which is mainly used to test the deformation of tapered rollers, so as to select a suitable gasket according to the deformation.

[0043] See also Figure 1-Figure 3The test bench of this embodiment includes a mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket is provided with a force loading mechanism 10, a force measuring mechanism 20, a deformation measuring mechanism and a test fixture 30. The mounting bracket includes a first bracket, a second bracket, a third bracket and a base 432 arranged in sequence along a straight line. Specifically, the first bracket, the second bracket, the third bracket and the base 432 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The third bracket includes a third bracket platform 43, and the third bracket platform 43 is arranged above the base 432 at intervals and is fixedly connected to the base 432 through at least one support rod. The second bracket includes a second bracket platform 42, and the second bracket platform 42 is arranged above the third bracket platform 43 at intervals, and is fixedly connected to the third bracket platform 43 through at least one support rod; the first bracket includes a first bracket platform 41, and the first bracket platform 41 is arranged above the second bracket platform 42 at intervals, and is fixedly connected to the second bracket platform 42 through at least one support rod.

[0044] The force loading mechanism 10 includes a thrust rod 12, a push head 13 detachably arranged at one end of the thrust rod 12, and a driving device for driving the thrust rod 12 to move along its own axial direction. The driving device is a worm gear reducer, which includes a housing 11 arranged on the top surface of the first bracket 41 and a worm wheel arranged in the housing 11. The worm wheel is driven by a hand wheel arranged outside the housing 11. The housing 11 is also provided with an assembly hole for the thrust rod 12 to pass through from top to bottom. The thrust rod 12 is a screw rod, and the thread of the thrust rod 12 cooperates with the gear teeth of the worm wheel. The thrust rod 12 constitutes the worm of the worm gear reducer; the push head 13 is provided with a threaded hole, and the lower end of the thrust rod 12 is provided with an external thread. The lower end of the thrust rod 12 is threadedly connected with the threaded hole of the push head 13, so that the push head 13 can be replaced conveniently according to actual measurement requirements. When the hand wheel is manually turned forward and reversely, the worm wheel rotates forward and reversely, thereby driving the thrust rod 12 to move up and down. When the thrust rod 12 moves downward, the thrust rod 12 applies force to the force measuring mechanism 20, thereby driving the force measuring mechanism 20 to apply force downward to the loading seat 31. Using a worm gear reducer to drive the thrust rod 12 can make the displacement of the thrust rod 12 more precise, so that the force applied by the thrust rod 12 can be more accurately controlled. Of course, in other embodiments, the thrust rod 12 can also be driven by a linear module or a servo motor with higher precision.

[0045] The force measuring mechanism 20 includes an upper pressure head 22, a lower pressure head 23 spaced apart from the upper pressure head 22, and a force sensor 24 located between the upper pressure head 22 and the lower pressure head 23. The upper pressure head 22 can be moved along its own axial direction to cooperate with a pressure head guide sleeve provided on the second support platform 42. The guide sleeve guides the upper pressure head 22, so that the upper pressure head 22 moves more smoothly, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of detecting force and improving the accuracy of deformation measurement by the deformation measuring mechanism. The upper end of the upper pressure head 22 is provided with a push-pull head 21, and the push-pull head 21 is provided with an inner cavity, and the top wall of the inner cavity is provided with a through hole. The lower end of the push head 13 of the thrust rod 12 includes an expansion part, and the diameter of the expansion part is larger than the diameter of the through hole of the inner cavity top wall. The expansion part of the push head 13 is assembled in the inner cavity, and the upper end of the push head 13 extends from the through hole of the inner cavity top wall to the outside of the inner cavity, and is threadedly connected with the lower end of the thrust rod 12. This structure is simple, and the push head 13 can be clamped on the push-pull head 21 to realize the synchronous up and down movement of the push-pull head 21 and the push head 13, and the push head 13 can also be rotated relative to the push-pull head 21 to adapt to the rotation process of the thrust rod 12. The lower end of the upper pressure head 22 is connected to the lower pressure head 23 through a force sensor 24.

[0046] Preferably, the lower end surface of the upper pressure head 22 is provided with an upper groove, the upper end surface of the lower pressure head 23 is provided with a lower groove, the lower end of the upper pressure head 22 is inserted into the lower groove of the lower pressure head 23, the force sensor 24 is provided in the upper groove of the upper pressure head 22, and the upper end and the lower end of the force sensor 24 are connected to the upper groove side wall of the upper pressure head 22 and the lower groove side wall of the lower pressure head 23 by screws, respectively, so that the upper groove and the lower groove can be used to protect the force sensor 24, and the probability of the force sensor 24 failing due to collision is reduced. When working, the thrust rod 12 applies force to the push-pull head 21 through the push head 13, and drives the upper pressure head 22 to move along its own axial direction through the push-pull head 21, and the upper pressure head 22 drives the force sensor 24 and the lower pressure head 23 to move, and when the lower pressure head 23 moves downward, the lower pressure head 23 moves toward the test fixture 30, and squeezes the test fixture 30, and applies force to the test fixture 30.

[0047] The test fixture 30 includes a loading seat 31, a base 33, and a dummy shaft 32 located between the base 33 and the push rod. The loading seat 31, the dummy shaft 32, and the base 33 are arranged in sequence in the up-down direction, and the base 33 is fixed to the top surface of the base 432. The dummy shaft 32 and the loading seat 31 define a first assembly space for placing the tapered roller 50, and the dummy shaft 32 and the base 33 define a second assembly space for placing the tapered roller 50; when the force loading mechanism 10 applies force to the loading seat 31 through a force measuring mechanism 20, the tapered roller 50 in the first assembly space is deformed by the pressure of the loading seat 31 and the dummy shaft 32, and the tapered roller 50 in the second assembly space is deformed by the pressure of the dummy shaft 32 and the base 33. In other embodiments, only the first assembly space may be provided, or only the second assembly space may be provided. In this embodiment, a first groove is provided on the side of the loading seat 31 facing the dummy shaft 32, a first shoulder is provided on one end of the dummy shaft 32 facing the loading seat 31, the end of the dummy shaft 32 cooperates with the first groove, and the first assembly space is defined by the side wall of the first shoulder and the side wall of the first groove; a second groove is provided on the side of the base 33 facing the dummy shaft 32, a second shoulder is provided on one end of the dummy shaft 32 facing the base 33, the end of the dummy shaft 32 cooperates with the second groove, and the second assembly space is defined by the side wall of the second shoulder and the side wall of the second groove. The side wall of the first groove and the side wall of the first shoulder can simulate the bearing ring for assembling the tapered roller 50, the side wall of the second groove and the side wall of the second shoulder can simulate the bearing ring for assembling the tapered roller 50, and the force applied by the lower pressure head 23 to the loading seat 31 is equivalent to the axial force on the tapered roller 50 in actual application, so that the test process of the tapered roller 50 can be closer to the actual application scenario, which is conducive to improving the test accuracy.

[0048] When the pressure head 23 of the force measurement mechanism 20 applies force to the loading seat 31, the dummy shaft 32 is confined between the pressure head 23 and the base 33, and the dummy shaft 32 can rotate, so that the test fixture 30 can be closer to the actual use scenario of the tapered roller 50, which is conducive to improving the measurement accuracy. The dummy shaft 32, the loading seat 31, the tapered roller 50 and the base 33 in this embodiment can be separated from each other, so the dummy shaft 32, the loading seat 31 and the tapered roller 50 can be flexibly replaced to adapt to the actual test process and be applicable to a variety of test objects.

[0049] Furthermore, the loading seat 31 includes a loading part 312 and a guide column 311 connected to the loading part 312. The first groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the loading part 312. The guide column 311 is arranged along the up and down directions. The guide column 311 can be moved along its own axial direction to cooperate with a bushing 431 arranged on the third bracket 43. The bushing 431 can guide the guide column 311, so that the movement process of the guide column 311 is smoother, which is beneficial to improving the measurement accuracy of the force sensor 24 and the deformation measurement mechanism.

[0050] Preferably, the loading portion 312 is disposed at the lower end of the guide column 311, and the upper end of the guide column 311 can be detachably matched with the bushing 431, so that it is convenient to replace the loading seat 31 according to actual needs, so that the loading seat 31 can be adapted to various types and specifications of tapered rollers 50. Further, the end surface of the guide column 311 facing away from the loading portion 312 is provided with a thrust needle roller bearing 25, and when the force loading mechanism 10 applies force to the guide column 311 through the force measuring mechanism 20, the guide column 311 can rotate relative to the force measuring mechanism 20.

[0051] The deformation measuring mechanism is arranged on one side of the test fixture 30, and is used to measure the distance between the loading seat 31 and the base 33. When the tapered roller 50 is subjected to force, the tapered roller 50 will be deformed, so that the distance between the loading seat 31 and the base 33 will also change. Therefore, measuring the change value of the distance between the loading seat 31 and the base 33 can be roughly equivalent to measuring the deformation amount of the tapered roller 50. According to the measured deformation amount, the type of gasket adapted to the tapered roller 50 in actual use is determined. The deformation measuring mechanism can be a height meter. In other embodiments, the deformation measuring mechanism can be a distance measuring instrument such as a rangefinder, an infrared measuring instrument, etc. There is no restriction on the type of the deformation measuring mechanism, as long as it can measure the distance.

[0052] In this embodiment, the measuring method of the test bench for testing tapered roller bearings comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1: Load the tapered roller 50 to be tested into the first assembly space and the second assembly space; space the pressing head 23 from the guide rod of the loading seat 31, and only press the tapered roller 50 in the first space by the gravity of the loading seat 31, and then manually rotate the dummy shaft 32 to make the dummy shaft 32 and the loading seat 31 rotate relative to each other and to make the dummy shaft 32 and the base 33 rotate relative to each other, so that the dummy shaft 32, the tapered roller 50, the loading seat 31 and the base 33 are all in a more suitable assembly state, thereby improving the measurement accuracy;

[0054] In other embodiments, the loading seat 31 or the base 33 may be rotated manually, or the loading seat 31, the dummy shaft 32 and the base 33 may be rotated simultaneously, as long as the dummy shaft 32 and the base 33 can be rotated relative to each other, and the dummy shaft 32 and the loading seat 31 can be rotated relative to each other. In other embodiments, a driving member may be used to drive the dummy shaft 32 or the base 33 or the loading seat 31 to rotate. In addition, a deformation measuring mechanism may be used to measure the distance between the bottom side of the loading portion 312 and the top side of the base 33, so as to confirm whether the loading seat 31, the dummy shaft 32, the tapered roller 50 and the base 33 are in place. If the loading seat 31, the dummy shaft 32, the tapered roller 50 and the base 33 are in place, proceed to the next step.

[0055] S2: The force loading mechanism 10 applies force to the loading seat 31 through the force measuring mechanism 20 until the force measuring mechanism 20 senses a pressure signal, the force measuring mechanism obtains initial force data, and the deformation measuring mechanism measures and obtains initial distance data between the loading seat 31 and the base 33;

[0056] Specifically, the hand wheel is manually rotated to move the push rod 12 downward, and the push rod 12 presses the push-pull head 21 downward through the push head 13, so that the push-pull head 21 applies force to the upper pressure head 22, and the upper pressure head 22 pushes the lower pressure head 23 downward through the force sensor 24 and presses the guide column 311. The guide column 311 can generate a reaction force on the upper pressure head 22. Therefore, when the lower pressure head 23 presses the guide column 311, the force sensor 24 is stressed and generates a pressure signal. When the force sensor 24 generates a pressure signal, the hand wheel is stopped, that is, the force loading mechanism 10 stops applying force. At this time, the force sensor 24 obtains the initial force data, and the deformation measurement mechanism obtains the initial distance data between the loading seat 31 and the base 33. Then proceed to the next step.

[0057] S21: The loading force of the force loading mechanism 10 is increased multiple times. Each time the loading force is increased, the force measuring mechanism 20 obtains the detection force data once, and the deformation measuring mechanism obtains the detection distance data once. Specifically, the thrust rod 12 is moved down by the hand wheel. When the thrust rod 12 moves down a specific distance, the pressure formed on the loading seat 31 will also increase adaptively. On the contrary, when the thrust rod 12 moves up, the pressure formed on the loading seat 31 will also decrease adaptively. Therefore, in this embodiment, the hand wheel is rotated a specific number of times each time, and then the thrust rod 12 moves down a specific distance each time, which finally corresponds to the loading force each time. In an application scenario of this embodiment, the force loaded each time is 100N, which is added 10 times in total. Therefore, the force sensor 24 measures 10 detection force data.

[0058] S22: Generate a detection analysis curve based on the detection force data obtained by the force measurement mechanism 20 and the detection distance data obtained by the deformation measurement mechanism; the detection force data is the X-axis variable, and the detection distance data is the Y-axis variable. At the same time, the thrust rod 12 of the force loading mechanism 10 moves up, the thrust rod 12 stops applying force to the force measurement mechanism 20 downward, and the thrust rod 12 drives the lower pressure head 23 of the force measurement mechanism 20 to move up and separate from the loading seat 31.

[0059] S23: Repeat steps S21-S22 for multiple times to obtain the detection and analysis curves corresponding to each operation. When the coincidence of the detection and analysis curves meets the standard, proceed to step S3. If the coincidence of the detection and analysis curves does not meet the standard, check whether the components of the test bench meet the standard or whether the structure meets the standard. In addition, check whether there are errors in the operation process. After adjusting the structure and matching relationship of each component and correcting the operation error, proceed to the previous steps until the coincidence of the detection and analysis curves meets the standard.

[0060] For example, if the difference between the values ​​of the corresponding positions of each detection analysis curve does not exceed 0.1mm, the overlap is up to standard. When the overlap is up to standard, the detection force data and the detection distance data are in a fixed linear relationship, which corresponds to the detection analysis curve. The purpose of this step is to detect whether the working performance of the test bench is suitable for the subsequent formal test process. If not, the test bench and the operation process are improved so that the subsequent formal test process is more accurate.

[0061] S3: The loading force of the force loading mechanism 10 is increased multiple times. Each time the loading force is increased, the force measuring mechanism 20 obtains force data once, and the deformation measuring mechanism obtains distance data once. For example, 10 loadings can be performed, each loading is 500N, and 10 force data and 10 distance data are obtained. The force data is the X-axis variable, and the distance data is the Y-axis variable.

[0062] S4: generating an analysis curve according to the force data obtained by the force measuring mechanism 20 and the distance data obtained by the deformation measuring mechanism;

[0063] S5: Input the theoretical force value of the tapered roller 50 in the design stage into the analysis curve, obtain the corresponding theoretical distance value, and obtain the difference between the theoretical distance value and the initial distance data; wherein, the theoretical force value is the force value of the tapered roller 50 in the actual working scene predicted by the designer, and the force value may be different in different working scenes; since the test of S23 shows that the detected force data and the detected distance data are roughly linearly related, under the same test bench measurement, the obtained analysis curve is also roughly linearly related, so when the theoretical force value is input, the corresponding force distance value can also be obtained, and the difference between the force distance value and the initial distance data corresponds to the deformation amount of the tapered roller 50.

[0064] S6: Replace the dummy shaft 32, repeat the operations of steps S1-S5 multiple times, and obtain the difference generated by each operation; calculate the average value of each difference, so as to reduce the influence of the dummy shaft 32 on the measurement result. The average value of the difference is closer to the deformation of the tapered roller 50 in the actual scene. The corresponding gasket is selected according to the average value, and the gasket can better meet the actual use requirements.

[0065] As long as it does not violate the creative ideas of the present invention, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention shall be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention; within the technical concept of the present invention, any combination of various simple modifications of the technical scheme and different embodiments that does not violate the creative ideas of the present invention shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test bench for testing tapered roller bearings, characterized in that: The invention comprises a force loading mechanism, a force measuring mechanism, a deformation measuring mechanism and a test fixture; wherein the test fixture comprises a loading seat, a base and a dummy shaft located between the base and the loading seat, the dummy shaft and the loading seat define a first assembly space for placing a tapered roller, and the dummy shaft and the base define a second assembly space for placing a tapered roller; When the force loading mechanism applies force to the loading seat through the force measuring mechanism, the tapered roller in the first assembly space is deformed by the pressure of the loading seat and the dummy shaft, and the tapered roller in the second assembly space is deformed by the pressure of the dummy shaft and the base; The force measuring mechanism is used to measure the loading force of the force loading mechanism, and the deformation measuring mechanism is used to measure the distance change between the loading seat and the base.

2. The test bench for testing tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading seat is provided with a first groove on one side facing the dummy shaft, and the dummy shaft is provided with a first shoulder on one end facing the loading seat. The end of the dummy shaft cooperates with the first groove, and the first assembly space is defined and formed by the side wall of the first shoulder and the side wall of the first groove.

3. The test bench for testing tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second groove is provided on the side of the base facing the dummy shaft, a second shoulder is provided on one end of the dummy shaft facing the base, the end of the dummy shaft cooperates with the second groove, and the second assembly space is defined and formed by the side wall of the second shoulder and the side wall of the second groove.

4. The test bench for testing tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mounting bracket, which includes a first bracket, a second bracket, a third bracket and a base arranged in sequence along a straight line, the force loading mechanism is arranged on the first bracket, the force measuring mechanism is arranged on the second bracket, the loading seat is arranged on the third bracket, the base is arranged on the base, and the position of the pseudo-axis is defined by the loading seat and the base.

5. The test bench for testing tapered roller bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second bracket includes a second bracket platform, the second bracket platform is connected to the third bracket through at least one support rod and is spaced apart from the third bracket; The force measuring mechanism includes an upper pressure head, a lower pressure head spaced apart from the upper pressure head, and a force sensor located between the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head; the upper pressure head can be moved along its own axial direction to cooperate with a pressure head guide sleeve provided on the second support platform, and the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are connected through the force sensor; when the force loading mechanism applies force to the upper pressure head, the upper pressure head can move along its own axial direction and drive the force sensor and the lower pressure head, so that the lower pressure head moves toward the loading seat and squeezes the loading seat.

6. The test bench for testing tapered roller bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third bracket includes a third bracket platform, the third bracket platform is connected to the base through at least one support rod and is spaced apart from the base; The loading seat includes a loading part and a guide column connected to the loading part. The first assembly space is defined by the loading part and the dummy shaft. The guide column can be moved along its own axial direction to cooperate with a bushing provided on the third bracket. The force loading mechanism applies force to the end of the guide column facing away from the loading part through the force measuring mechanism to make the guide column move along its own axial direction.

7. The test bench for testing tapered roller bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that: A thrust needle bearing is provided on the end surface of the guide column facing away from the loading portion. When the force loading mechanism applies force to the guide column through the force measuring mechanism, the guide column can rotate relative to the force measuring mechanism.

8. The test bench for testing tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force loading mechanism comprises a thrust rod, a thrust head detachably arranged at one end of the thrust rod, and a driving device for driving the thrust rod to move along its own axial direction. The thrust rod applies force to the force measuring mechanism through the thrust head.

9. A method for measuring a test bench for testing tapered roller bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Installing the tapered roller to be tested into the first assembly space and / or the second assembly space; S2: the force loading mechanism applies force to the loading seat through the force measuring mechanism until the force measuring mechanism senses a pressure signal, the force measuring mechanism obtains initial force data, and the deformation measuring mechanism measures and obtains initial distance data between the loading seat and the base; S3: the loading force of the force loading mechanism is increased multiple times, and each time the loading force is increased, the force measuring mechanism obtains force data once, and the deformation measuring mechanism obtains distance data once; S4: generating an analysis curve according to the force data obtained by the force measurement mechanism and the distance data obtained by the deformation measurement mechanism; S5: inputting the theoretical force value of the tapered roller in the design stage into the analysis curve, obtaining the corresponding theoretical distance value, and obtaining the difference between the theoretical distance value and the initial distance data; S6: Replace the dummy shaft, repeat the operations of steps S1-S5 multiple times, obtain the difference generated by each operation; calculate the average value of each difference, and select the corresponding gasket according to the average value.

10. The measuring method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Between step S2 and step S3, the following steps are also included: S21: the loading force of the force loading mechanism is increased multiple times, and each time the loading force is increased, the force measuring mechanism obtains detection force data once, and the deformation measuring mechanism obtains detection distance data once; S22: generating a detection analysis curve according to the detection force data obtained by the force measurement mechanism and the detection distance data obtained by the deformation measurement mechanism; the force loading mechanism stops applying pressure to the force measurement mechanism; S23: Repeat the operations of steps S21-S22 for multiple times to obtain the detection and analysis curve corresponding to each operation. When the overlap of the detection and analysis curves meets the standard, proceed to step S3.

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