Wide-angle light-gathering photovoltaic power generation and light guide illumination composite optical system

Abstract

The application discloses a wide-angle light-gathering photovoltaic power generation and light guide lighting composite optical system in the field of optical technology, which is composed of a wide-angle light-gathering combination unit (100), a light homogenizing and collimating unit (200) and a photovoltaic power generation and light guide lighting parallel light output unit (300). The system is combined with a light guide lighting system (400), and the composite function of the wide-angle light-gathering photovoltaic power generation and light guide lighting can be realized. The system can be widely applied to various scenes of light resource collection, development and utilization, and is particularly suitable for the field of sunlight photovoltaic power generation and light guide lighting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical technology, specifically relating to a wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system. Background Technology

[0002] The efficient development and utilization of solar resources is an enduring challenge for achieving harmonious development between humanity and nature. Utilizing solar energy to generate light, electricity, and biomass energy for efficient and comprehensive recycling, and promoting green and low-carbon development, is a key area of ​​continuous research and development worldwide. Remarkable achievements and progress have been made in solar photovoltaic power generation and solar energy utilization, with various large-scale technologies being applied and promoted globally. However, many problems remain to be solved regarding how to utilize solar resources more conveniently, efficiently, cost-effectively, and environmentally adaptably, and the effectiveness of application and promotion still needs continuous improvement and enhancement.

[0003] Concentrated solar power (CSP) technology can significantly improve the efficiency of sunlight utilization, making it a key area for the development and utilization of solar resources. The highly anticipated CSP technologies—concentrated photovoltaic (PV), concentrated solar power (CSP), and solar-powered lighting—first and foremost face the challenge of efficiently collecting and conducting sunlight. Although various technological approaches and methods have been invented to achieve this, they generally suffer from several significant drawbacks, including the inability of tracking-free mechanisms to meet usage requirements, complex system structures, low light energy utilization efficiency, inconvenient installation, use, and maintenance, and high costs. These issues hinder the widespread adoption and promotion of CSP in the market.

[0004] To address the aforementioned prominent issues, researchers have developed various optical systems with different structures to achieve wide-angle sunlight reception and improve light energy utilization efficiency. Existing technologies mainly employ Fresnel lens focusing, curved microlens array focusing, and gradient refractive index lens focusing methods. Examples of Fresnel lens focusing methods include the focusing lens in patent application number 200910312373.1, the Fresnel focusing lens in application number 201210029157.8, the high-magnification composite focusing lens in application number 201020139255.3, and a tracking-free solar concentrator in application number 201710556144.9. Examples of curved microlens array focusing methods include a wavelength-selective wide-angle concentrating photovoltaic power generation system and method in application number 201310010827.1. Examples of gradient refractive index lens methods include a gradient refractive index lens for non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation in application number 201220205330.0. While existing technologies have solved some problems in certain application scenarios or under specific conditions, they also have problems such as high difficulty in industrial production, high manufacturing costs, limited environmental applicability, and insufficient tracking accuracy to meet usage requirements, making it difficult to popularize and promote their application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding illumination composite optical system. This system comprises a wide-angle concentrated beam unit, a uniform collimation unit, and a photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding illumination parallel light output unit. While achieving concentrated photovoltaic power generation, the collimated parallel beam output from the center aperture of the aperture stop is guided into the light-guiding illumination system to achieve concentrated light-guiding illumination. This forms a tracking-free, high-efficiency concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding illumination composite optical system, improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of concentrated light energy and exhibiting better environmental adaptability and practicality in various application scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A wide-angle concentrating photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding illumination composite optical system, characterized in that it is composed of a wide-angle concentrating unit, a uniform collimating unit, and a photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding illumination parallel light output unit; the wide-angle concentrating unit consists of a wide-angle concentrating lens group, a high-reflection conical concentrating lens group, and a field lens group; the uniform collimating unit consists of a compound eye microlens array; the photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding illumination parallel light output unit consists of a photovoltaic cell array, a light-transmitting aperture stop, and a movable photovoltaic cell array, wherein the movable photovoltaic cell array has a power generation working position located directly below the light-transmitting aperture stop and other non-power generation positions. The electric working position and the moving mechanism drive the movable photovoltaic array to switch between the power generation working position and the non-power generation working position. Natural light is concentrated by the wide-angle concentrating lens group and then emitted to the high-reflection conical concentrating lens group. The large-angle incident beam is shaped by the field lens group and transmitted to the compound eye microlens array of the uniform collimation unit. After the uniform collimation optimization processing is achieved, the light is irradiated onto the photovoltaic array and the light-guiding aperture. The photovoltaic power output by the photovoltaic array is connected to the lighting load or stored in the battery. The collimated parallel beam through the light-guiding aperture is output to the light-guiding lighting system, realizing the combined function of wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting.

[0008] The wide-angle focusing lens assembly consists of a pair of wedge-shaped focusing prisms symmetrically attached to each other. The wedge angle θ is greater than 1 / 2 of the total reflection angle formed by the light from the prism material with a refractive index of n to the air interface (θ > 1 / 2 arcsin[1 / n]). An optically high-reflection film is deposited or coated on the outer region of the wedge surface of the wedge-shaped lens to form a high-reflection zone. An optically anti-reflection film is deposited or coated on the central region of the wedge surface to form a high-transmission zone. High-reflection films are deposited or coated on both sides of the wedge-shaped focusing prism.

[0009] The photovoltaic cell array and the light-transmitting aperture stop are an integrated structure. The arrangement of the light-transmitting aperture stop and the photovoltaic cell array is a central square hole or a central round hole. The shape and size of the movable photovoltaic cell array are adapted to the light-transmitting aperture stop. Under the driving action of the moving mechanism, the photovoltaic cell array can partially or completely enter the light path transmitted through the aperture stop, forming the functions of photovoltaic power generation and modulation of the light-guided lighting path or switching the light path.

[0010] The moving mechanism is either a horizontal moving mechanism or a rotating mechanism, which drives the movable photovoltaic cell array to switch between a power generation working position and a non-power generation working position.

[0011] When no photovoltaic cells are installed or photovoltaic power generation function is required, it can be used independently as a concentrated light source for concentrating light guide lighting or other purposes; when only a photovoltaic power generation module is installed, and the back end is not connected or light guide lighting is not required, it can be used independently as a concentrated photovoltaic power generation system.

[0012] The light-receiving surface of the wide-angle focusing unit is coated or plated with an anti-reflective film that blocks ultraviolet (UV) and / or infrared rays.

[0013] The light guide lighting system has a deflecting high-reflection mirror and multiple beam splitters located in the reflection light path of the deflecting high-reflection mirror, and the beam splitters are correspondingly equipped with light guide lighting fixtures.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: Addressing the defects and shortcomings of existing focusing optical systems, this invention designs a wide-angle focusing combination structure to ensure efficient, tracking-free sunlight collection. Compared with existing focusing technologies such as Fresnel lenses, curved microlens arrays, and gradient refractive index lenses, it not only has a wider-angle focusing function, better tracking-free focusing effect, and higher light energy utilization efficiency, but its manufacturing technology can also utilize mature optical processing techniques, making it easier to achieve large-aperture, large-scale, low-cost manufacturing. This is of great practical significance for accelerating application and promotion. It solves the problems of existing technologies such as focusing Fresnel lenses, curved microlens arrays, and gradient refractive index lenses, which are difficult to process large-aperture parts. These technologies require fine surface processing techniques or high-precision mold molding techniques, resulting in complex processes, low yield rates, high costs, and difficulties in achieving large-scale production and market application. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the light guide lighting system connected to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the wide-angle focusing prism assembly for implementing the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a wide-angle focusing combination unit using a focusing prism assembly is provided for implementing this invention.

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic power generation and light-transmitting aperture dimming component (300) for implementing the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the light beam focused by the wide-angle focusing lens group 101 is emitted to the high-reflection conical focusing lens group 102. After the large-angle incident beam is shaped by the field lens group 103, it is transmitted to the uniform collimation unit 200. The focused beam can be optimized for uniform collimation by using a small-sized, small-area compound eye microlens array component, so that the light energy intensity distribution on the photovoltaic cell 301 has excellent uniformity, improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cell array. The power output by the photovoltaic cell array is used for lighting loads such as LEDs or stored in the battery to realize the function of concentrated photovoltaic power generation. At the same time, the parallel beam through the central hole of the aperture stop 302 is connected to the light guide lighting system 400 to realize the function of concentrated light guide lighting. The shape and size of the movable photovoltaic array 303 are adapted to the aperture stop 302, and it can be partially or completely inserted into the parallel light path output by the aperture stop 302. While adjusting the brightness of the light guide lighting path 400 or switching the light path, it can use its light energy to realize photovoltaic power generation, further improving the light energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention discloses a novel wide-angle focusing prism assembly 101 and a wide-angle focusing assembly unit 100 thereof, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 The light rays, after being focused by the wide-angle focusing prism assembly 101, are confined to the central light-transmitting region BOC and emitted to the high-reflectivity conical light-collecting lens unit 102. The large-angle incident beam is shaped by the field lens group 103, which reduces the aperture of the beam transmitted to the uniform collimation unit 200. This allows for further uniform collimation optimization using a smaller-sized, smaller-area compound eye microlens array assembly 200. This not only ensures excellent uniformity of light energy intensity distribution on the photovoltaic cells (301 / 303), but also provides better collimation and parallelism for the beams passing through the central hole of the aperture stop 302. This results in greater transmission distance with less loss and better compatibility with the light-guiding lighting system 400.

[0023] like Figure 3 / Figure 4 As shown, the wide-angle focusing prism assembly 101 consists of a pair of wedge prisms (101a / 101b). The wedge prisms (101a / 101b) are symmetrically attached to each other. On the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge prisms, the AB region and the CD region are coated with optically high reflective films, which are high light reflective areas; the central BOC region is coated with optically anti-reflective films, which are high light transmittance areas; the two sides AA′ and DD′ of the wedge prisms are coated with high reflective films according to the usage requirements. When the wedge angle θ of the prism is greater than 1 / 2 of the total reflection angle formed by the light rays from the prism material with a refractive index of n to the air interface (θ>1 / 2arcsin[1 / n]), the light rays K1 / K4 incident on both sides of the prism into the AB and CD regions inside the wedge prism are forced to be internally reflected by the high-reflection film to the A′D′ interface, where total reflection occurs and the light rays are reflected back into the wedge prism. When the light rays K2 / K3 incident at the center and the light rays K1 / K4 incident on both sides that have been internally reflected once or multiple times enter the BOC region, because the BOC surface is coated with an optical high-reflection film, all incident light rays are concentrated and emitted from the BOC region with high transmission, achieving a wide-angle light-gathering effect without tracking.

[0024] like Figure 5 As shown, the parallel light output unit 300 combining photovoltaic power generation and a light-transmitting aperture stop consists of a photovoltaic cell array 301, a light-transmitting aperture stop 302, and a movable photovoltaic cell array as a mechanism 303 for dimming or switching the optical path. The arrangement of the photovoltaic cell array 301 is combined with the light transmission shape of the light-transmitting aperture stop 302, and there are arrangement methods such as a central square hole or a central round hole. The photovoltaic cell array 303 can partially or completely enter the optical path after the light-transmitting aperture stop 302, forming the functions of photovoltaic power generation and modulation of the light guide illumination brightness or switching the optical path. When the entire photovoltaic array 303 enters the optical path, the light guide lighting path is turned off; when the entire photovoltaic array 303 moves out of the optical path, the photovoltaic array 303 does not work, and the concentrating light guide lighting path is fully open; when a portion of the photovoltaic array 303 enters the optical path, the portion of the photovoltaic array illuminated by light generates electricity, and the portion of light in the optical path not blocked by the photovoltaic cells enters the light guide lighting system. The lighting brightness can be adjusted by the area of ​​the photovoltaic array entering the optical path, thus realizing the brightness adjustment function of the light guide lighting path.

[0025] The aforementioned wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light guide lighting composite optical system can be used independently as a concentrated light source for concentrated light guide lighting or other purposes when no photovoltaic cells are installed or when the photovoltaic power generation function is not required; when the light-transmitting aperture 302 is not provided and a photovoltaic cell array 301 with full area coverage is used, and its rear end is not connected or does not require light guide lighting, it can be used independently as a concentrated photovoltaic power generation system.

[0026] The wide-angle focusing unit described in this invention has its light-receiving surface coated with an anti-reflective film that blocks ultraviolet (UV) and / or infrared rays. This reduces or removes harmful rays that can cause long-term exposure to the human body, thus protecting human health.

[0027] The light-guiding lighting system includes a deflecting high-reflectivity mirror 401 and multiple beam splitters 402 located in the reflection path of the deflecting high-reflectivity mirror. Each beam splitter is correspondingly equipped with a light-guiding lighting fixture 403. The light in the light-guiding lighting system is transmitted via optical fiber. Because the lighting source of this invention is collimated parallel light, it can achieve a shorter transmission distance with less loss, enabling illumination of multiple fixtures at different positions.

[0028] The foregoing description illustrates the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system, characterized in that: It is composed of a wide-angle focusing unit (100), a uniform light collimation unit (200), and a photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding illumination parallel light output unit (300); the wide-angle focusing unit (100) is composed of a wide-angle focusing lens group (101), a high-reflection conical light-collecting lens group (102), and a field lens group (103); the uniform light collimation unit (200) is composed of a compound eye microlens array; the photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding illumination parallel light output unit (300) is composed of a photovoltaic cell array (301), a light-transmitting aperture stop (302), and a movable photovoltaic cell array (303), wherein the movable photovoltaic cell array (303) has a power generation working position located directly below the light-transmitting aperture stop (302) and other non-power generation working positions. The moving mechanism drives the movable photovoltaic cell array (303) to switch between the power generation working position and the non-power generation working position; after the natural light is focused by the wide-angle condenser lens group (101), it is emitted to the high-reflection conical condenser lens group (102). After the large-angle incident beam is shaped by the field lens group (103), it is transmitted to the compound eye microlens array of the uniform collimation unit (200) to achieve uniform collimation optimization processing and then irradiate the photovoltaic cell array (301) and the light-passing aperture stop (302). The photovoltaic power output by the photovoltaic cell array (301) is connected to the lighting load or stored in the battery. The collimated parallel beam through the light-passing aperture stop (302) is output to the light-guided lighting system (400) to realize the composite function of wide-angle focused photovoltaic power generation and light-guided lighting.

2. The wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wide-angle condenser lens group (101) is composed of a pair of wedge-shaped condenser prisms (101a / 101b) symmetrically attached to each other. The wedge angle θ is greater than 1 / 2 of the total reflection angle formed by the light from the prism material with a refractive index of n to the air interface (θ>1 / 2arcsin[1 / n]). An optically high-reflection film is deposited or coated on the outer region of the wedge surface of the wedge-shaped prism to form a high-reflection area. An optically anti-reflection film is deposited or coated on the central region of the wedge surface to form a high-transmission area. High-reflection films are deposited or coated on both sides of the wedge-shaped condenser prism.

3. The wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell array (301) and the light-transmitting aperture stop (302) are an integrated structure. The arrangement of the light-transmitting aperture stop (302) and the photovoltaic cell array (301) is a central square hole or a central round hole. The movable photovoltaic cell array (303) is adapted to the shape and size of the light-transmitting aperture stop (302). Under the driving action of the moving mechanism, the photovoltaic cell array (303) can partially or completely enter the light path transmitted by the aperture stop (302), forming the functions of photovoltaic power generation and modulation of the light guide illumination light path or switching the light path.

4. The wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism is a horizontal moving mechanism or a rotating mechanism, which drives the movable photovoltaic cell array (303) to switch between the power generation working position and the non-power generation working position.

5. The wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When no photovoltaic cells are installed or photovoltaic power generation function is required, it can be used independently as a concentrated light source for concentrating light guide lighting or other purposes; when only a photovoltaic power generation module is installed, and the back end is not connected or light guide lighting is not required, it can be used independently as a concentrated photovoltaic power generation system.

6. A wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-receiving surface of the wide-angle focusing unit (100) is coated or plated with an anti-reflective film that has a UV and / or infrared blocking function.

7. The wide-angle concentrated photovoltaic power generation and light-guiding lighting composite optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light guide lighting system (400) has a deflecting high reflective mirror (401) and multiple beam splitters (402) located in the reflection light path of the deflecting high reflective mirror. Each beam splitter is equipped with a light guide lighting fixture (403).

Images