Variable diameter flame arrestor element and hydrogen transient detonation arrestor

Abstract

This invention provides a variable-diameter flame arrestor and a hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrestor, comprising: a tube shell, the tube shell cavity forming a through stepped hole, the stepped hole including multiple mounting holes connected sequentially and distributed in multiple stages, the diameter of the mounting holes in all stages gradually decreasing and then gradually increasing along the axial direction of the tube shell; a flame arrestor assembly, the diameter of the flame arrestor disc in each stage is adapted to the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole, and the flame arrestor disc in each stage is disposed in the corresponding mounting hole; in two adjacent stages of flame arrestor discs, the radial gap formed between the flame arrestor disc on the inner side and the tube shell is blocked by the flame arrestor disc on the outer side; a stop structure, the stop structure is disposed at the end of the tube shell and forms a stop fit relationship with the flame arrestor discs of the first and last stages. This invention can block the propagation path of combustible gas flame between the flame arrestor assembly and the tube shell, improve the effectiveness of bidirectional flame arrest, and greatly improve the ease of disassembly and assembly of the tube shell and the flame arrestor assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipeline flame arrestor technology, and in particular to a variable diameter flame arrestor element and a hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrestor. Background Technology

[0002] The working principle of a flame arrester is as follows: when a flame passes through many tiny channels in the flame arrester core, it will become several tiny flames. These tiny flames come into contact with the channel walls of the flame arrester core and undergo cooling and heat exchange, causing the flame temperature to drop below the ignition point, thereby preventing the flame from spreading.

[0003] Traditional flame arresters are generally assembled from a flame arrester housing, flame-arresting elements (such as a flame-arresting disc housing or a flame-arresting disc), sealing gaskets, and fasteners. The flame-arresting disc is assembled by sequentially inserting multiple flame-arresting cores into a flame-arresting core housing.

[0004] In the face of the unsteady shock wave generated by a hydrogen explosion, traditional hydrogen detonation flame arresters can only choose thicker baffles and more flame arrestor plates to successfully extinguish the flame. This increases the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the flame arrester, and the more flame arrestor plates result in a higher pressure drop, making the flame arrester's ventilation capacity relatively weak.

[0005] To assemble the flame arrestor discs into the flame arrestor disc housing, the inner diameter of the flame arrestor disc housing in traditional hydrogen detonation flame arresters is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the flame arrestor discs. This results in an axially penetrating radial gap between the flame arrestor disc housing and each flame arrestor disc, which is highly likely to cause flame leakage. A common improvement is to eliminate the radial gap by filling it with other materials. However, the radial gap requirement for hydrogen flame arresters is very small, and the gap cannot be completely filled, nor can the filling quality meet the requirements. Furthermore, the filling material creates resistance during assembly, disassembly, and maintenance, making assembly and disassembly difficult and laborious. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a variable diameter flame arrestor and a hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrestor, which can block the propagation path of combustible flame between the flame arrestor component and the shell, improve the effectiveness of bidirectional flame arrest, and greatly improve the ease of disassembly and assembly of the shell and the flame arrestor component.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a variable diameter flame arrester element, comprising:

[0008] The tube shell has a cavity that forms a through stepped hole. The stepped hole includes multiple mounting holes that are connected in sequence and distributed in multiple levels. The diameter of the mounting holes in all levels gradually decreases and then gradually increases along the axial direction of the tube shell.

[0009] The flame arrestor assembly includes multiple flame arrestor discs that correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes of all stages and are distributed in multiple stages. The diameter of the flame arrestor disc of each stage is adapted to the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole, and the flame arrestor disc of each stage is set in the corresponding mounting hole. In two adjacent stages of flame arrestor discs, the radial gap formed between the flame arrestor disc on the inner side and the pipe shell is blocked by the flame arrestor disc on the outer side to block the propagation path of the combustible flame between the flame arrestor assembly and the pipe shell.

[0010] The stop structure is located at the port of the tube shell and forms a stop cooperation relationship with the flame arresters of the primary and secondary stages.

[0011] Preferably, the stop structure includes two ventilated baffles, which respectively abut against the flame arrestor plates of the primary and final stages, and a fastening component is provided between the two ventilated baffles; the stepped hole also includes two receiving holes that allow the ventilated baffles to be installed, one receiving hole being connected to the mounting hole of the primary stage, and the other receiving hole being connected to the mounting hole of the final stage.

[0012] Preferably, the fastening assembly includes a threaded rod passing through the flame arrestor assembly and the two venting baffles, and two nuts that are threadedly connected to the threaded rod, with the two nuts respectively engaging with the two venting baffles.

[0013] Preferably, the diameter of each receiving hole is larger than the diameter of the mounting holes corresponding to the flame arrestor plates of the initial and final stages.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the flame arrestor plate of each stage is equal to the depth of the corresponding mounting hole, and the difference between the diameter of the flame arrestor plate of each stage and the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole is 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the flame arrestor plates of the initial and final stages have equal thickness, the flame arrestor plates of the remaining stages have equal thickness, and the flame arrestor plates of the initial and final stages have twice the thickness of the flame arrestor plates of the remaining stages.

[0016] Preferably, the stepped holes have an odd number of stages and exhibit an axially symmetrical structure.

[0017] Preferably, the stepped hole includes, in sequence along the axial direction of the tube shell, a first-level mounting hole, a second-level mounting hole, a third-level mounting hole, a fourth-level mounting hole, and a fifth-level mounting hole. The diameters of the first-level mounting hole and the fifth-level mounting hole are equal and both are the maximum values, while the diameter of the third-level mounting hole is the minimum value.

[0018] The present invention also provides a hydrogen unsteady-state detonation arrestor, comprising:

[0019] The variable diameter flame arrestor element;

[0020] The flame arrester housing includes two semi-housings symmetrically connected to opposite sides of the variable-diameter flame arrester element. An anti-explosion component is provided inside the semi-housing, which includes multiple anti-explosion rods or multiple anti-explosion rings to weaken the explosion shock wave.

[0021] Preferably, all the explosion-proof rods or explosion-proof rings are divided into multiple layers along the airflow direction, with the explosion-proof rods in the same layer being parallel to each other and the explosion-proof rings in the same layer being distributed in concentric circles; the total projected area of ​​all explosion-proof rods or explosion-proof rings in two adjacent layers along the axial direction of the semi-shell is denoted as S1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting holes corresponding to the flame arresters of the initial and final stages is denoted as S2, where S1≥S2.

[0022] As described above, the variable diameter flame arrester and hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrester of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the stop structure is located at the port of the tube shell and forms a stop cooperation relationship with the flame arrester discs of the primary and final stages, which can prevent the flame arrester discs of the primary and final stages from detaching from the tube shell, thereby confining the entire flame arrester assembly within the tube shell. The design principle of the variable-diameter flame arrester is as follows: Firstly, the stepped orifice includes multiple mounting holes that are sequentially connected and distributed in multiple levels. The diameter of the mounting holes in all levels gradually decreases and then gradually increases along the axial direction of the pipe shell. Simultaneously, the flame arrester assembly includes multiple flame arresting discs that correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes in all levels and are distributed in multiple levels. The diameter of each flame arresting disc is adapted to the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole, and each flame arresting disc is located within the corresponding mounting hole. More importantly, in adjacent flame arresting discs, the radial gap formed between the relatively inner flame arresting disc and the corresponding mounting hole is blocked by the relatively outer flame arresting disc. This blocks the propagation path of the combustible flame between the flame arrester assembly and the pipe shell. The diameter of each flame arresting disc can be slightly smaller than the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole, and a non-continuous radial gap is formed between each flame arresting disc and the pipe shell along the axial direction of the pipe shell. If the flame arrestor disc of the current stage is located on the outermost side, then one side of the radial gap in the axial direction is not closed outwards, and the other side in the axial direction is blocked by the stepped structure between the adjacent two stage mounting holes. If the flame arrestor disc of the current stage is not located on the outermost side, then one side of the radial gap in the axial direction is blocked by the adjacent flame arrestor disc and by the stepped structure between the adjacent two stage mounting holes. On the other hand, since the diameter of each stage flame arrestor disc can be slightly smaller than the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole, the radial gap formed between each stage flame arrestor disc and the pipe shell does not require additional material for filling. With this configuration, when workers disassemble and install the flame arrestor assembly, they can easily and conveniently place each stage flame arrestor disc into the corresponding mounting hole, or easily and conveniently remove each stage flame arrestor disc from the corresponding mounting hole, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty of disassembling and assembling the pipe shell and the flame arrestor assembly. Therefore, the variable diameter flame arrestor element of the present invention can block the propagation path of combustible gas flame between the flame arrestor assembly and the pipe shell, improve the effectiveness of bidirectional flame arrest, and greatly improve the ease of disassembling and assembling the pipe shell and the flame arrestor assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 The image shown is a cross-sectional view of the variable-diameter flame arrestor element of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 Shown as a cross-sectional view of the tube shell;

[0025] Figure 3 The image shown is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrestor of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 The diagram shows the distribution of the blast-resistant rods;

[0027] Figure 5 Shown is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrestor of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 The diagram shows the distribution of the explosion-proof rings;

[0029] Figure 7 The diagram shows the connection between the semi-shell and the explosion-proof ring.

[0030] Component designation explanation

[0031] 1. Tube shell

[0032] 11 stepped holes

[0033] 111 First-level mounting hole

[0034] 111a First-stage gap section

[0035] 112 Second-level mounting hole

[0036] 112a Second-stage gap section

[0037] 113 Third-level mounting hole

[0038] 113a Third-stage gap section

[0039] 114 Fourth-level mounting hole

[0040] 114a Fourth-level gap section

[0041] 115 Fifth-level mounting hole

[0042] 115a Fifth-level gap section

[0043] 116 Receiving Hole

[0044] 2. Flame Arrestor Components

[0045] 21 First-stage fire arrestor plate

[0046] 22 Secondary fire arrestor plate

[0047] 23 Third-level fire arrestor plate

[0048] 24. Fourth-level fire arrestor plate

[0049] 25 Fifth-level fire arrestor plate

[0050] 3. Stop structure

[0051] 31. Breathable baffle

[0052] 32 Fastening components

[0053] 321 Threaded rod

[0054] 322 Nut

[0055] 4. Flame arrester housing

[0056] 41. Half-shell

[0057] 5 Explosion-proof rod

[0058] 6. Sealing gaskets

[0059] 7. Explosion-proof ring Detailed Implementation

[0060] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0061] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings of this specification are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a variable diameter flame arrester element, comprising:

[0063] The tube shell 1 has a through stepped hole 11 in its cavity. The stepped hole 11 includes multiple mounting holes that are connected in sequence and distributed in multiple levels. The diameter of the mounting holes in all levels gradually decreases and then gradually increases along the axial direction of the tube shell 1.

[0064] The flame arrestor assembly 2 includes multiple flame arrestor discs that correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes of all stages and are distributed in multiple stages. The diameter of the flame arrestor disc of each stage is adapted to the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole, and the flame arrestor disc of each stage is disposed in the corresponding mounting hole. In two adjacent stages of flame arrestor discs, the radial gap formed between the flame arrestor disc on the inner side and the pipe shell 1 is blocked by the flame arrestor disc on the outer side to block the propagation path of the combustible flame between the flame arrestor assembly 2 and the pipe shell 1.

[0065] The stop structure 3 is located at the port of the shell 1 and forms a stop cooperation relationship with the flame arresters of the primary and secondary stages.

[0066] In this invention, the stop structure 3 is located at the port of the tube shell 1 and forms a stop engagement with the primary and secondary flame arrestor discs. This prevents the primary and secondary flame arrestor discs (i.e., the two outermost flame arrestor discs) from detaching from the tube shell 1, thereby confining the entire flame arrestor assembly 2 within the tube shell 1. The design principle of the variable diameter flame arrestor element is as follows:

[0067] On one hand, the stepped hole 11 includes multiple mounting holes that are sequentially connected and distributed in multiple levels. The diameter of the mounting holes in all levels gradually decreases and then gradually increases along the axial direction of the casing 1. Simultaneously, the flame arrestor assembly 2 includes multiple flame arrestor discs that correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes in multiple levels. The diameter of each flame arrestor disc is adapted to the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole, and each flame arrestor disc is disposed within the corresponding mounting hole. More importantly, in adjacent flame arrestor discs, the radial gap formed between the relatively inner flame arrestor disc and the corresponding mounting hole is blocked by the relatively outer flame arrestor disc. This effectively blocks the propagation path of combustible flames (such as the flame during hydrogen combustion) between the flame arrestor assembly 2 and the casing 1. Specifically, the diameter of each flame arrestor disc can be slightly smaller than the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole, and a non-through radial gap is formed between each flame arrestor disc and the casing 1 along the axial direction of the casing 1. For example, if the flame arrestor plate of the current stage is located on the outermost side, then one side of the radial clearance is not closed outwards and the other side is blocked by the stepped structure between the mounting holes of the two adjacent stages; as another example, if the flame arrestor plate of the current stage is not located on the outermost side, then one side of the radial clearance is blocked by the adjacent flame arrestor plate and by the stepped structure between the mounting holes of the two adjacent stages.

[0068] On the other hand, since the diameter of each stage of the fire arrestor plate can be slightly smaller than the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole, the radial gap formed between each stage of the fire arrestor plate and the shell 1 does not require additional material to fill. With this setting, when the staff disassembles and installs the fire arrestor assembly 2, the staff can easily and easily put each stage of the fire arrestor plate into the corresponding mounting hole, or easily and easily remove each stage of the fire arrestor plate from the corresponding mounting hole, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty of disassembling and installing the shell 1 and the fire arrestor assembly 2.

[0069] Therefore, the variable diameter flame arrestor of the present invention can block the propagation path of combustible flame between the flame arrestor component 2 and the shell 1, improve the effectiveness of bidirectional flame arrest, and greatly improve the ease of disassembly and assembly of the shell 1 and the flame arrestor component 2.

[0070] To facilitate the installation of the aforementioned stop structure 3, the stop structure 3 includes two venting baffles 31, which respectively abut against the flame arresting plates of the primary and final stages. A fastening component 32 is provided between the two venting baffles 31. The aforementioned stepped hole 11 also includes two receiving holes 116 that allow the venting baffles 31 to be installed. One receiving hole 116 is connected to the mounting hole of the primary stage, and the other receiving hole 116 is connected to the mounting hole of the final stage. That is, the two receiving holes 116 are symmetrically arranged at opposite ends of the tube shell 1, which also allows the venting baffles 31 to be installed on the tube shell 1, thereby improving the overall compactness of the variable diameter flame arresting element. As one design of the aforementioned venting baffles 31, the venting baffles 31 have a grid structure and are disc-shaped. The diameter of the venting baffles 31 can be slightly smaller than the diameter of the receiving holes 116, and the thickness of the venting baffles 31 can be equal to or slightly smaller than the depth of the receiving holes 116.

[0071] In order to secure the two aforementioned ventilating baffles 31, the aforementioned fastening assembly 32 includes a threaded rod 321 that passes through the flame arrestor assembly 2 and the two ventilating baffles 31, and two nuts 322 that are threadedly connected to the threaded rod 321, with the two nuts respectively engaging with the two ventilating baffles 31.

[0072] To limit the minimum spacing between the two aforementioned venting baffles 31 and to ensure that the venting baffles 31 primarily bear the shock wave and thus protect the flame arrestor plates, the diameter of each of the aforementioned receiving holes 116 is larger than the diameter of the mounting holes corresponding to the initial and final flame arrestor plates. Furthermore, the outer periphery of the venting baffles 31 also serves to block the radial gap formed between the initial and final flame arrestor plates (i.e., the two outermost flame arrestor plates) and the casing 1.

[0073] To prevent the flame arrestor disc from shifting axially along the casing 1, the thickness of each flame arrestor disc is equal to the depth of the corresponding mounting hole; to facilitate the installation and removal of the flame arrestor disc, the difference between the disc diameter of each flame arrestor disc and the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole is 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0074] Since the two outermost flame arresting plates in the initial and final stages primarily bear the shock wave, while the remaining flame arresting plates (the non-exposed remaining flame arresting plates) assist in bearing the shock wave, to ensure that the flame arresting assembly 2 not only has the ability to resist shock waves but also reduces manufacturing materials, the flame arresting plates in the initial and final stages have equal thickness, and the flame arresting plates in the remaining stage have equal thickness. However, the thickness of the flame arresting plates in the initial and final stages is twice that of the flame arresting plates in the remaining stage. Specifically, the flame arresting plates in the initial and final stages are less prone to deformation and have high compressive strength, thus preventing deformation due to strength and eliminating the risk of fire leakage. The non-exposed remaining flame arresting plates do not need to withstand strong shock waves, allowing for thinner dimensions, lower manufacturing difficulty, and reduced material costs.

[0075] In order to reduce the number of flame arrestor plates and to ensure that the flame arresting performance on both sides of the variable diameter flame arrestor is consistent, the stepped holes 11 have an odd number of stages and are axially symmetrical.

[0076] As one embodiment of the stepped hole 11 mentioned above: In order to make the above-mentioned variable diameter flame arrestor element more compact in structure and more effective in flame arrest, such as Figure 2 As shown, the stepped holes 11 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the casing 1 (i.e., ... Figure 2 (From left to right) This includes a first-level mounting hole 111, a second-level mounting hole 112, a third-level mounting hole 113, a fourth-level mounting hole 114, and a fifth-level mounting hole 115. The diameters of the first-level mounting hole 111 and the fifth-level mounting hole 115 are equal and both are the maximum values, while the diameter of the third-level mounting hole 113 is the minimum value. Figure 1 As shown, correspondingly, the aforementioned flame arrestor 2 is arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the casing 1 (i.e., Figure 1 From left to right, the fire-arresting assembly includes a first-stage fire-arresting plate 21, a second-stage fire-arresting plate 22, a third-stage fire-arresting plate 23, a fourth-stage fire-arresting plate 24, and a fifth-stage fire-arresting plate 25. In one embodiment of the fire-arresting assembly 2, the diameters of the first-stage fire-arresting plate 21, the second-stage fire-arresting plate 22, and the third-stage fire-arresting plate 23 decrease by 3 to 10 mm, while the diameters of the third-stage fire-arresting plate 23, the fourth-stage fire-arresting plate 24, and the fifth-stage fire-arresting plate 25 increase by 3 to 10 mm.

[0077] Based on the aforementioned embodiment of the stepped hole 11, the specific explanation of how a non-continuous radial gap is formed between each stage of the flame arrestor plate and the shell 1 along the axial direction of the shell 1 is as follows: a first-stage gap segment 111a is formed between the first-stage flame arrestor plate 21 and the shell 1; a second-stage gap segment 112a is formed between the second-stage flame arrestor plate 22 and the shell 1; a third-stage gap segment 113a is formed between the third-stage flame arrestor plate 23 and the shell 1; a fourth-stage gap segment 114a is formed between the fourth-stage flame arrestor plate 24 and the shell 1; and a fifth-stage gap segment 115a is formed between the fifth-stage flame arrestor plate 25 and the shell 1. The aforementioned first-stage gap segment 111a, second-stage gap segment 112a, third-stage gap segment 113a, fourth-stage gap segment 114a, and fifth-stage gap segment 115a are all non-continuous along the axial direction of the shell 1.

[0078] One method for manufacturing the aforementioned flame arrestor plate is as follows: the flame arrestor plate is formed by bonding and winding thin steel strips and triangular (wavy) corrugated strips rolled from thin steel strips together, thereby giving the flame arrestor plate a densely distributed, axially extending, narrow flame extinguishing channel, achieving the ventilation of the flame arrestor plate. The flame is extinguished through the wall effect and heat transfer effect of the narrow flame extinguishing channel.

[0079] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a hydrogen unsteady bidirectional detonation flame arrester, comprising:

[0080] The aforementioned variable diameter flame arrestor element;

[0081] The flame arrester housing 4 includes two semi-housings 41 symmetrically connected to opposite sides of the variable diameter flame arrester element. The semi-housings 41 are provided with explosion-proof components, which include multiple explosion-proof rods 5 or multiple explosion-proof rings 7 to weaken the explosion shock wave.

[0082] When the shock wave (generally unsteady) and flame generated by the explosion of combustible gas (such as hydrogen) enter the flame arrester housing 4, all the anti-blast rods 5 or anti-blast rings 7 block the shock wave and flame. The shock wave and flame can only flow indirectly to the aforementioned variable-diameter flame arresting element, and lose kinetic energy due to turbulence. Therefore, the anti-blast rods 5 or anti-blast rings 7 can reduce most of the kinetic energy of the shock wave and flame, minimizing the destructive power of the shock wave. In other words, the aforementioned flame arresting plate and / or venting baffle 31 do not need to directly bear the impact force of the shock wave and flame. The number of flame arresting plates can be reduced, and the thickness of the venting baffle 31 can be reduced. Thus, the anti-blast rods 5 or anti-blast rings 7 can reduce the manufacturing cost of the aforementioned variable-diameter flame arresting element while ensuring the ventilation capacity of the hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrester. It is important to emphasize here that the anti-blast rings 7 are more effective at reducing the destructive power of the shock wave than the anti-blast rods 5.

[0083] To further reduce the impact of shock waves and / or flames on variable-diameter flame arresters, all of the above-mentioned explosion-proof rods 5 (see details) Figure 3 and Figure 4 ) or explosion-proof ring 7 (see details) Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 The structure is divided into multiple layers along the airflow direction, for example, two, three, or five layers. The blast-resistant rods 5 in the same layer are parallel to each other, and the blast-resistant rings 7 in the same layer are concentrically distributed. The total projected area of ​​all blast-resistant rods 5 or all blast-resistant rings 7 in two adjacent layers along the axial direction of the semi-shell 41 is denoted as S1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting holes corresponding to the initial and final flame arrestor plates is denoted as S2, where S1 ≥ S2. This allows adjacent layers of blast-resistant rods 5 or blast-resistant rings 7 to more effectively block shock waves and / or flames along the axial direction of the flame arrester shell 4.

[0084] To improve the airtightness between the semi-shell 41 and the tube shell 1, a sealing gasket 6 is provided between the semi-shell 41 and the tube shell 1 of the variable diameter flame arrester. Here, a design point needs to be highlighted: the thickness of the vent baffle 31 is 0 to 0.2 mm less than the depth of the receiving hole 116, which also improves the sealing between the tube shell 1 and the semi-shell 41. More importantly, when the vent baffle 31 undergoes slight deformation due to a shock wave, its outer periphery abuts against the semi-shell 41, thereby transferring the energy of the shock wave to the semi-shell 41 and increasing the shock wave resistance of the variable diameter flame arrester.

[0085] To ensure that the aforementioned anti-blast rod 5 does not negatively impact the ventilation of the hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrester, when the aforementioned anti-blast assembly includes multiple anti-blast rods 5, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the blast-resistant rod 5 has a circular cross-section. For example, the blast-resistant rod 5 can be made from a seamless steel pipe, with both ends of the blast-resistant rod 5 fully welded to the inner wall of the semi-shell 41. In specific manufacturing, the outer diameter of the aforementioned seamless steel pipe is... One of them. The wall thickness of the seamless steel pipe is the STD standard wall thickness. The distance between two adjacent explosion-proof rods 5 located on the same layer is 0.75-2 times the cross-sectional diameter of the explosion-proof rod 5. The distance between layers of explosion-proof rods 5 is 0.75-2 times the cross-sectional diameter of the explosion-proof rod 5.

[0086] When the above-mentioned explosion-proof components include multiple explosion-proof rings 7, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the blast-resistant ring 7 has a circular cross-section. For example, the blast-resistant ring 7 can be made from a seamless steel pipe, and the blast-resistant ring 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the semi-shell 41 by multiple radially extending strips. In specific manufacturing, the outer diameter of the aforementioned seamless steel pipe is... One of them. The wall thickness of the seamless steel pipe is the STD standard wall thickness. The distance between two radially adjacent explosion-proof rings 7 located in the same layer is 0.75-2 times the cross-sectional diameter of the explosion-proof ring 7. The distance between layers of explosion-proof rings 7 is 0.75-2 times the cross-sectional diameter of the explosion-proof ring 7.

[0087] In summary, the variable-diameter flame arrestor and hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrestor of this invention can block the propagation path of combustible flames between the flame arrestor assembly and the tube shell, improving the effectiveness of bidirectional flame arrest and greatly enhancing the ease of assembly and disassembly of the tube shell and flame arrestor assembly. Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0088] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable diameter flame arrester element, characterized in that, include: The tube shell (1) has a through stepped hole (11) in its cavity. The stepped hole (11) includes multiple mounting holes that are connected in sequence and distributed in multiple levels. The diameter of the mounting holes in all levels gradually decreases and then gradually increases along the axial direction of the tube shell (1). The flame arrestor assembly (2) includes multiple flame arrestor discs that correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes of all stages and are distributed in multiple stages. The diameter of the flame arrestor disc of each stage is adapted to the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole. The flame arrestor disc of each stage is located in the corresponding mounting hole. In two adjacent stages of flame arrestor discs, the radial gap formed between the flame arrestor disc on the inner side and the pipe shell (1) is blocked by the flame arrestor disc on the outer side to block the propagation path of the combustible flame between the flame arrestor assembly (2) and the pipe shell (1). The stop structure (3) is located at the port of the shell (1) and forms a stop cooperation relationship with the flame arresters of the primary and secondary stages.

2. The variable diameter flame arrester element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stop structure (3) includes two ventilated baffles (31), which abut against the flame arrestor plates of the primary and secondary stages respectively, and a fastening component (32) is provided between the two ventilated baffles (31); the stepped hole (11) also includes two receiving holes (116) that allow the ventilated baffles (31) to be installed, one receiving hole (116) being connected to the mounting hole of the primary stage, and the other receiving hole (116) being connected to the mounting hole of the secondary stage.

3. The variable diameter flame arrester element according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fastening assembly (32) includes a threaded rod (321) that passes through the flame arrestor assembly (2) and the two venting baffles (31) and two nuts (322) that are threadedly connected to the threaded rod (321). The two nuts (322) respectively abut against the two venting baffles (31).

4. The variable diameter flame arrester element according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of each of the receiving holes (116) is larger than the diameter of the mounting holes corresponding to the flame arresters of the primary and secondary stages.

5. The variable diameter flame arrester element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the flame arrestor plate at each level is equal to the depth of the corresponding mounting hole, and the difference between the diameter of the flame arrestor plate at each level and the diameter of the corresponding mounting hole is 0.1 to 1 mm.

6. The variable diameter flame arrester element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame arrestor plates of the initial and final stages have equal thickness, and the flame arrestor plates of the remaining stages have equal thickness. The flame arrestor plates of the initial and final stages have twice the thickness of the flame arrestor plates of the remaining stages.

7. The variable diameter flame arrester element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepped holes (11) have an odd number of stages and exhibit an axially symmetrical structure.

8. The variable diameter flame arrester element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stepped hole (11) includes, in sequence along the axial direction of the shell (1), a first-level mounting hole (111), a second-level mounting hole (112), a third-level mounting hole (113), a fourth-level mounting hole (114), and a fifth-level mounting hole (115). The diameter of the first-level mounting hole (111) and the diameter of the fifth-level mounting hole (115) are equal and both are the maximum values, while the diameter of the third-level mounting hole (113) is the minimum value.

9. A hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrester, characterized in that, include: The variable diameter flame arrester element as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; The flame arrester housing (4) includes two half-housings (41) symmetrically connected to opposite sides of the variable diameter flame arrester element. The half-housings (41) are provided with explosion-proof components, which include multiple explosion-proof rods (5) or multiple explosion-proof rings (7) to weaken the explosion shock wave.

10. The hydrogen unsteady-state detonation flame arrester according to claim 9, characterized in that: All the aforementioned explosion-proof rods (5) or explosion-proof rings (7) are divided into multiple layers along the airflow direction. The explosion-proof rods (5) located in the same layer are parallel to each other, and the explosion-proof rings (7) located in the same layer are distributed in concentric circles. The total projected area of ​​all explosion-proof rods (5) or explosion-proof rings (7) located in two adjacent layers along the axial direction of the semi-shell (41) is denoted as S1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the mounting holes corresponding to the flame arresters of the initial and final stages is denoted as S2, where S1≥S2.

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