Microphones and electronic equipment

Abstract

This invention provides a microphone and electronic device. The microphone includes a circuit board, a housing covering the circuit board, a pressure sensor, a driving device, and an openable / closable door. The housing and the circuit board form a receiving cavity, within which a MEMS chip and an ASIC chip, electrically connected, are disposed. A sound hole is formed on the circuit board, facing the MEMS chip. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the ASIC chip. The driving device is also electrically connected to the ASIC chip. The door is mounted on the side of the receiving cavity facing the sound hole. The driving device is used to adjust the opening and closing of the door to regulate the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip. This microphone can adjust the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip according to the external sound pressure level, through the driving device and the opening and closing of the door, thereby protecting the MEMS chip and the microphone. It has the advantage of being less susceptible to damage in high sound pressure or high air pressure environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microphones, and more particularly to a microphone and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technology, microphones include a circuit board and a housing. A MEMS chip is housed inside the housing, and a sound hole is located on the circuit board corresponding to the MEMS chip to allow external sound to enter. The MEMS chip senses the sound pressure level and converts it into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to an ASIC chip. Under normal operating conditions, the sound pressure or air pressure after passing through the sound hole is within the tolerance range of the MEMS chip. However, if the environment changes, such as in harsh environments with high sound pressure, high air pressure, or high altitude, the higher sound pressure can easily damage the microphone.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new microphone and electronic device to solve or at least alleviate the aforementioned technical defects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a microphone and electronic device that addresses the technical problem that microphones are easily damaged in high sound pressure or high air pressure environments.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a microphone is provided, comprising: a circuit board and a housing disposed on the circuit board, the housing and the circuit board forming a receiving cavity, a MEMS chip and an ASIC chip electrically connected thereto being disposed within the receiving cavity, and a sound hole being formed on the circuit board, the sound hole being disposed facing the MEMS chip;

[0006] A pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the ASIC chip;

[0007] The device includes a drive unit and an openable / closable door. The drive unit is electrically connected to the ASIC chip. The door is mounted on the side of the sound hole facing the receiving cavity. The drive unit is used to adjust the opening and closing of the door to adjust the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip.

[0008] In one embodiment, the circuit board is provided with a mounting slot, the air pressure sensor is embedded in the mounting slot, and the circuit board is also provided with a detection hole that connects the mounting slot and the sound hole, so as to detect the sound pressure at the sound hole through the air pressure sensor.

[0009] In one embodiment, the MEMS chip includes a substrate and a sensing film mounted on the substrate. The substrate and the sensing film cooperate to form a sound inlet. The sound inlet is positioned facing the sound hole, and the door is closably mounted on the sound inlet.

[0010] In one embodiment, the driving device includes a driving component and a transmission assembly. The door body includes a chassis, a turntable, a connecting rod, and fan blades. The turntable is rotatably mounted on the chassis. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the fan blades and the turntable. The transmission assembly connects the driving component and the turntable. The driving component is used to drive the turntable to rotate through the transmission assembly, thereby driving the fan blades to open or close the sound inlet through the turntable.

[0011] In one embodiment, there are multiple connecting rods, and the number of fan blades corresponds to the number of connecting rods. When the turntable rotates, the multiple connecting rods can drive the multiple fan blades to synchronously open or close the sound inlet. In one embodiment, both the number of connecting rods and the number of fan blades are three.

[0012] In one embodiment, the fan blades are rotatably mounted on the chassis.

[0013] In one embodiment, the turntable is provided with a limiting groove, and a limiting member connected to the chassis is provided in the limiting groove.

[0014] In one embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a telescopic spring and a rocker arm, the telescopic spring being connected to the drive member and the rocker arm respectively, and the end of the rocker arm away from the telescopic spring being connected to the turntable.

[0015] In one embodiment, the drive unit includes a rotary motor and a traction rope wound around the rotary motor, the extended end of the traction rope being connected to the telescopic spring.

[0016] In one embodiment, the drive component includes a telescopic motor, the telescopic shaft of which is connected to the telescopic spring.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising the microphone described above.

[0018] In the above scheme, the microphone includes a circuit board, a housing covering the circuit board, a pressure sensor, a driving device, and an openable / closable door. The housing and the circuit board form a receiving cavity, within which are electrically connected MEMS chips and ASIC chips. A sound hole is formed on the circuit board, facing the MEMS chip. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the ASIC chip. The driving device is also electrically connected to the ASIC chip. The door is mounted on the side of the sound hole facing the receiving cavity. The driving device is used to adjust the opening and closing of the door to regulate the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip. The MEMS chip receives the sound signal entering from the sound hole, the ASIC chip provides power and transmits processing information, and the pressure sensor measures the sound pressure, air pressure, or airflow magnitude. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the ASIC chip to transmit the measured sound pressure (or air pressure or airflow) data to the ASIC chip. The ASIC chip compares the received data with preset data and then sends a control signal to the driving device. The driving device then drives the opening and closing of the door to regulate the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip from the sound hole. When the data received by the ASIC chip is greater than the preset data, it indicates that the external sound pressure is too high. To protect the MEMS chip and the entire microphone from damage due to excessive sound pressure, the ASIC chip can send a control signal to the drive device, which then controls the door to close or reduce its opening size, thereby reducing the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip. If the data received by the ASIC chip is much greater than the preset data, it indicates that the external sound pressure is very high. The ASIC chip can then send a control signal to the drive device, which will then control the door to close completely. When the data received by the ASIC chip is less than the preset data, it indicates that the external sound pressure is normal or low. Simply keeping the door open allows external sound signals to enter the MEMS chip normally through the sound hole. This invention can adjust the amount of sound pressure entering the MEMS chip according to the magnitude of the external sound pressure by controlling the drive device and the opening and closing size of the door, thus protecting the MEMS chip and microphone. It has the advantage of being less prone to damage in high sound pressure or high air pressure environments. The ASIC chip and MEMS chip, the ASIC chip and air pressure sensor, and the ASIC chip and drive device can all be connected via gold wires. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microphone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive device and the door body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the opening, partial opening, and complete closing of a door according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a MEMS chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0025] 1. Circuit board; 2. MEMS chip; 21. Substrate; 22. Sensing film; 23. Sound inlet; 3. ASIC chip; 4. Housing; 5. Receiving cavity; 6. Sound hole; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Drive component; 81. Rotary motor; 82. Traction rope; 9. Door body; 91. Chassis; 911. Through hole; 92. Turntable; 921. Limiting groove; 93. Connecting rod; 94. Fan blade; 95. Limiting component; 10. Transmission assembly; 101. Telescopic spring; 102. Rocker arm; 11. Detection hole.

[0026] The realization of the objective, functional characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0029] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0030] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0031] See Figures 1-4 According to one aspect of the present invention, a microphone is provided, comprising: a circuit board 1 and a housing 4 disposed on the circuit board 1, the housing 4 and the circuit board 1 forming a receiving cavity 5, a MEMS chip 2 and an ASIC chip 3 electrically connected are disposed in the receiving cavity 5, and a sound hole 6 is formed on the circuit board 1, the sound hole 6 being disposed facing the MEMS chip 2.

[0032] Barometric pressure sensor 7 is electrically connected to ASIC chip 3.

[0033] The device includes a drive unit and an openable / closable door 9. The drive unit is electrically connected to the ASIC chip 3. The door 9 is installed on the side of the sound hole 6 facing the receiving cavity 5. The drive unit is used to adjust the opening and closing of the door 9 to adjust the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip 2.

[0034] It should be noted that the aforementioned driving device is used to adjust the opening and closing of the door 9 to regulate the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip 2. This means that the intensity (or quantity) of the sound signal entering the MEMS chip 2 is controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the door and the size of the opening, thereby controlling the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip 2. In the above embodiment, the MEMS chip 2 is used to receive the sound signal entering from the sound hole 6, the ASIC chip 3 is used for power supply and transmission of processing information, and the air pressure sensor 7 is used to measure the sound pressure, air pressure, or airflow magnitude. The air pressure sensor 7 is electrically connected to the ASIC chip 3 to transmit the measured sound pressure (or air pressure or airflow) data signal to the ASIC chip 3. The ASIC chip 3 compares the received data with preset data and then sends a control signal to the driving device. The driving device drives the opening and closing of the door 9 to adjust the magnitude of the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip 2 from the sound hole 6. It should be noted that the openable and closable door 9 mentioned here not only means that the door 9 can be completely closed or completely opened, but also that the size of the opening of the door 9 can be controlled by the driving device. (Refer to...) Figure 3 , Figure 3 (a) shows the door fully open. Figure 3 (b) The door is partially open, for example, Figure 3(c) The door is fully closed. When the data received by the ASIC chip 3 is greater than the preset data, it indicates that the external sound pressure is too high. To protect the MEMS chip 2 and the entire microphone from damage due to excessive sound pressure, the ASIC chip 3 can send a control signal to the drive device. The drive device can then control the door 9 to close or reduce the opening size of the door 9, thereby reducing the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip 2. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and Figure 3 (c) If the data received by ASIC chip 3 is much greater than the preset data, it indicates that the external sound pressure is high. ASIC chip 3 can then send a control signal to the drive device, which will control the door 9 to close completely. When the data received by ASIC chip 3 is less than the preset data, it indicates that the external sound pressure is normal or low. In this case, simply keeping the door 9 open allows external sound signals to enter the MEMS chip 2 normally through the sound hole 6. This embodiment can adjust the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip 2 according to the magnitude of the external sound pressure by adjusting the opening and closing of the drive device and the door 9, thereby protecting the MEMS chip 2 and the microphone. It has the advantage of being less prone to damage in high sound pressure or high air pressure environments. ASIC chip 3 and MEMS chip 2, ASIC chip 3 and air pressure sensor 7, and ASIC chip 3 and drive device can all be connected by gold wires; circuit board 1 can be a printed circuit board, and the drive device and door 9 can both be housed within the receiving cavity 5.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 In one embodiment, a mounting slot is provided within the circuit board 1, and a pressure sensor 7 is embedded in the mounting slot. The circuit board 1 also has a detection hole 11 connecting the mounting slot and the sound hole 6, allowing the pressure sensor 7 to detect the sound pressure at the sound hole 6. The pressure sensor 7 detects the sound pressure level through the detection hole 11 located on the sidewall of the sound hole 6. Embedding the pressure sensor 7 within the circuit board 1 not only reduces the microphone's size but also allows for immediate detection and response to incoming sound, enabling timely adjustment of the door 9's opening and closing. This prevents damage to the MEMS chip 2 from the instantaneous high sound pressure if the door 9 cannot be adjusted in time due to delayed detection. Furthermore, placing the detection hole 11 and the pressure sensor 7 at the sound hole 6 ensures that the detection result is closer to the external sound pressure value.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4In one embodiment, the MEMS chip 2 includes a substrate 21 and a sensing diaphragm 22 mounted on the substrate 21. The substrate 21 and the sensing diaphragm 22 cooperate to form a sound inlet 23, which faces the sound hole 6. A door 9 is closable and mounted on the sound inlet 23. The sensing diaphragm 22 is the sound pressure sensing area of ​​the MEMS chip 2. The sound signal entering from the sound hole 6 passes through the sound inlet 23 and is then detected by the MEMS chip 2. By providing an openable and closable door 9 in the sound inlet 23, the opening and closing of the door 9 is equivalent to changing the size of the sound inlet 23, thereby increasing or decreasing the sound pressure detected by the sensing diaphragm 22. For example, when the external sound pressure is too high, the door 9 partially or completely closes the sound inlet 23 to reduce the sound pressure, thereby protecting the MEMS chip 2 and the microphone; when the external sound pressure is normal or low, the door 9 is fully open, so that all the sound signal is sensed by the MEMS chip 2.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the driving device includes a driving component 8 and a transmission assembly 10. The door body 9 includes a chassis 91, a turntable 92, a connecting rod 93, and a fan blade 94. The turntable 92 is rotatably mounted on the chassis 91. The two ends of the connecting rod 93 are respectively connected to the fan blade 94 and the turntable 92. The transmission assembly 10 connects the driving component 8 and the turntable 92. The driving component 8 drives the turntable 92 to rotate through the transmission assembly 10, thereby driving the fan blade 94 to open or close. The driving component 8 drives the transmission assembly 10 to transmit force to the turntable 92. The turntable 92 is a circular disc. Driven by the driving component 8, the turntable 92 rotates around the chassis 91. As the turntable 92 rotates, the connecting rod 93 is driven, thereby driving the fan blade 94 connected to the connecting rod 93 to rotate. Similar to the principle of opening and closing the lens on a camera lens, the door body 9 can be opened or closed by rotating the fan blade 94. This embodiment, through its ingenious design, can drive the door 9 to open or close based on the sound pressure signal detected by the air pressure sensor 7, after processing by the ASIC chip 3. The mechanical structure of this embodiment is ingeniously designed and simple and convenient to manufacture.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the number of connecting rods 93 and the number of fan blades 94 are both multiple and equal. Each connecting rod 93 and each fan blade 94 are configured in a one-to-one correspondence. When the turntable 92 rotates, the multiple connecting rods 93 can simultaneously drive the multiple fan blades 94 to open or close. A through hole 911 is formed on the chassis 91, which can connect the sound inlet 23 and the sound hole 6. The fan blades 94 can open or close the through hole 911. The connecting rods 93 are all connected to the apex of the arc-shaped edge of the fan blade 94. Under the rotational drive and transmission of the turntable 92, the fan blades 94 can rotate around the connection point and thus be exposed on the chassis 91 or "hidden" behind the chassis 91. (Refer to...) Figure 3 (b) and Figure 3 (c) When the chassis 91 is exposed, the corresponding movement moves to the through hole 911 and partially or completely closes the through hole 911. Figure 3 (a) When the fan blade 94 is behind the chassis 91, the through hole 911 is fully opened. More specifically, there are three connecting rods 93 and three fan blades 94.

[0039] In one embodiment, the fan blade 94 is rotatably mounted on the chassis 91. This allows the fan blade 94 to rotate on the chassis 91 under the drive of the connecting rod 93, facilitating the opening or closing of the through hole 911.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, a limiting groove 921 is provided on the turntable 92, and a limiting member 95 connected to the chassis 91 is provided in the limiting groove 921. The limiting groove 921 can be an arc-shaped groove provided along the circumference of the turntable 92, and there can be multiple arc-shaped grooves. Each limiting groove 921 is provided with a limiting member 95 to prevent the turntable 92 from moving too far and causing damage. The limiting member 95 can be a screw or bolt.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the transmission component 10 includes a telescopic spring 101 and a rocker arm 102. The telescopic spring 101 is connected to the drive member 8 and the rocker arm 102, respectively. The end of the rocker arm 102 away from the telescopic spring 101 is connected to the turntable 92. The drive member 8 drives the telescopic spring 101 to extend and retract, which in turn drives the turntable 92 to rotate via the rocker arm 102. Because the internal components of the microphone are small and easily damaged by bumps, this embodiment, by setting the telescopic spring 101, can not only transmit force but also provide a buffering effect.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the drive unit 8 includes a rotary motor 81 and a traction rope 82 wound around the rotary motor 81. The protruding end of the traction rope 82 is connected to a telescopic spring 101. One end of the traction rope 82 is fixed to the rotary motor 81, and the protruding end of the traction rope 82 is connected to the telescopic spring 101. The rotary motor 81 can rotate forward or backward. For example, when the rotary motor 81 rotates forward, the rotary motor 81 winds the traction rope 82, so the traction rope 82 pulls the telescopic spring 101 to the left, corresponding to the retraction of the tension spring; when the rotary motor 81 rotates backward, the rotary motor 81 releases the traction rope 82, the tension of the telescopic spring 101 decreases, the telescopic spring 101 moves to the right, corresponding to the extension of the tension spring, and the extension and retraction of the telescopic spring 101 correspond to the opening or closing of the door 9. Specifically, the rotary motor 81 can be a miniature rotor motor.

[0043] In one embodiment, the driving component 8 includes a telescopic motor, the telescopic shaft of which is connected to a telescopic spring 101. One end of the telescopic spring 101 is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft, and the telescopic spring 101 is driven to extend or retract by the telescopic movement of the telescopic shaft of the telescopic motor. The specific effect is similar to that of the previous embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0044] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides an electronic device including the microphone described above. The electronic device can be a mobile phone or a smart bracelet. Since the electronic device includes all the technical solutions of all the embodiments of the microphones described above, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought by all the above technical solutions, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0045] The above are merely optional embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microphone, characterized in that, include: A circuit board and a housing covering the circuit board, the housing and the circuit board forming a receiving cavity, a MEMS chip and an ASIC chip electrically connected are disposed in the receiving cavity, and a sound hole is formed on the circuit board, the sound hole being positioned directly opposite the MEMS chip; A pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the ASIC chip; A drive device and an openable and closable door are provided. The drive device is electrically connected to the ASIC chip. The door is installed on the side of the sound hole facing the receiving cavity. The drive device is used to adjust the opening and closing of the door to adjust the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip. The circuit board is provided with a mounting slot, and the air pressure sensor is embedded in the mounting slot. The circuit board is also provided with a detection hole that connects the mounting slot and the sound hole, so as to detect the sound pressure at the sound hole through the air pressure sensor. The air pressure sensor is used to measure the sound pressure at the sound hole to obtain sound pressure data. The air pressure sensor can transmit the sound pressure data to the ASIC chip, and the ASIC chip is used to compare the sound pressure data with preset data. If the sound pressure data is greater than the preset data, the ASIC chip controls the driving device to drive the door to close completely; If the sound pressure data is less than the preset data, the ASIC chip controls the driving device to adjust the opening size of the door according to the sound pressure data in order to adjust the sound pressure entering the MEMS chip; A substrate and a sensing membrane mounted on the substrate, the substrate and the sensing membrane cooperate to form a sound inlet, the sound inlet is positioned facing the sound hole, and the door is installed in the sound inlet in an openable and closable manner; The driving device includes a driving component and a transmission assembly. The door body includes a chassis, a turntable, a connecting rod, and fan blades. The turntable is rotatably mounted on the chassis. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the fan blades and the turntable. The transmission assembly connects the driving component and the turntable. The driving component is used to drive the turntable to rotate through the transmission assembly, and then drive the fan blades to open or close the sound inlet through the turntable.

2. The microphone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of connecting rods is multiple, and the number of fan blades is the same as the number of connecting rods and is set in a one-to-one correspondence. When the turntable rotates, the multiple connecting rods can drive the multiple fan blades to synchronously open or close the sound inlet.

3. The microphone according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of connecting rods and the number of fan blades are both 3.

4. The microphone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan blades are rotatably mounted on the chassis.

5. The microphone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turntable is provided with a limiting groove, and a limiting component connected to the chassis is provided in the limiting groove.

6. The microphone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a telescopic spring and a rocker arm. The telescopic spring is connected to the drive unit and the rocker arm respectively, and the end of the rocker arm away from the telescopic spring is connected to the turntable.

7. The microphone according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a rotary motor and a traction rope wound around the rotary motor, with the extended end of the traction rope connected to the telescopic spring.

8. The microphone according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving component includes a telescopic motor, and the telescopic shaft of the telescopic motor is connected to the telescopic spring.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes the microphone according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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