Power Headroom Reporting Based on Dynamic Path Loss Estimation

Abstract

A wireless device receives a message including one or more configuration parameters. The one or more configuration parameters indicate a plurality of power control parameter sets, each of the plurality of power control parameter sets being identified by a corresponding power control parameter set index, and include a path loss reference signal update parameter that enables an activation command to update a path loss reference signal for an uplink channel. Based on the one or more configuration parameters including the path loss reference signal update parameter, a path loss reference signal is determined for a power headroom report to be mapped to a power control parameter set having a lowest power control parameter set index among the plurality of power control parameter sets. The power headroom report is transmitted based on a path loss estimate calculated using the path loss reference signal.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 959,059, filed January 9, 2020, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0003] Examples of several of the various embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0004] Figure 1A and Figure 1B An exemplary mobile communications network is shown in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.

[0005] Figure 2A and Figure 2B The New Radio (NR) user plane and control plane protocol stacks are shown separately.

[0006] Figure 3 Shown in Figure 2A Examples of services provided between the protocol layers of the NR user plane protocol stack.

[0007] Figure 4A Shows the flow Figure 2A Example downlink data flow of the NR user plane protocol stack.

[0008] Figure 4B An exemplary format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU is shown.

[0009] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The mapping between logical channels, transport channels and physical channels is shown for downlink and uplink respectively.

[0010] Figure 6 is an example diagram showing RRC state transition of a UE.

[0011] Figure 7 An exemplary configuration of an NR frame into which OFDM symbols are grouped is shown.

[0012] Figure 8 An exemplary configuration of time slots in the time and frequency domains of an NR carrier is shown.

[0013] Figure 9 An example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs for an NR carrier is shown.

[0014] Figure 10A Three carrier aggregation configurations with two component carriers are shown.

[0015] Figure 10B An example is shown of how aggregated cells may be configured into one or more PUCCH groups.

[0016] Figure 11A An example of SS / PBCH block structure and location is shown.

[0017] Figure 11B An example of CSI-RS mapped in the time and frequency domains is shown.

[0018] Figure 12A and Figure 12B Three examples of downlink and uplink beam management procedures are shown respectively.

[0019] Figure 13A 、 Figure 13B and Figure 13C A four-step contention-based random access procedure, a two-step contention-free random access procedure, and another two-step random access procedure are shown respectively.

[0020] Figure 14A An example of a CORESET configuration for the bandwidth portion is shown.

[0021] Figure 14B An example of CCE to REG mapping for DCI transmission on CORESET and PDCCH processing is shown.

[0022] Figure 15 An example of a wireless device communicating with a base station is shown.

[0023] Figure 16A 、 Figure 16B 、 Figure 16C and Figure 16D Exemplary structures for uplink and downlink transmissions are shown.

[0024] Figure 17 An example of a power control configuration for a PUSCH according to aspects of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 18 An example of power control according to aspects of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 19 An example of a MAC CE for power control according to aspects of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 20 is a flow chart of power control according to aspects of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 21An example of power control according to aspects of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 22 An example of power control according to aspects of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 23 An example of a MAC CE for power control according to aspects of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 24 is a flow chart of power control according to aspects of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 25 is a flow chart of power control according to aspects of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 26 is a flow chart of power control according to aspects of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 27 is a flow chart of power control according to aspects of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In the present disclosure, various embodiments are presented in the form of examples of how the disclosed technology can be implemented and / or how the disclosed technology can be practiced in environments and situations. It will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the scope of the present invention. In fact, after reading the specification, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art how to implement alternative embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention should not be limited by any described exemplary embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Limitations, features and / or elements from the disclosed exemplary embodiments can be combined to create additional embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure. Any figures that highlight functionality and advantages are provided for illustrative purposes only. The disclosed architecture is flexible and configurable enough that it can be utilized in a manner different from that shown. For example, the actions listed in any flow chart can be reordered or only optionally used in certain embodiments.

[0036] Implementations can be configured to operate as desired. The disclosed mechanisms can be implemented when certain criteria are met, such as in a wireless device, base station, radio environment, network, or combinations thereof. Exemplary criteria can be based, at least in part, on wireless device or network node configuration, traffic load, initial system setup, packet size, traffic characteristics, or combinations thereof. When one or more criteria are met, various exemplary implementations can be applied. Thus, exemplary implementations that selectively implement the disclosed protocol can be implemented.

[0037] A base station may communicate with a mixture of wireless devices. A wireless device and / or base station may support multiple technologies and / or multiple versions of the same technology. A wireless device may have certain specific capabilities, depending on the wireless device class and / or capabilities. When the present disclosure refers to a base station communicating with multiple wireless devices, the present disclosure may refer to a subset of the total wireless devices in the coverage area. For example, the present disclosure may refer to multiple wireless devices of a given LTE or 5G version with given capabilities and in a given sector of a base station. The multiple wireless devices in the present disclosure may refer to a selected plurality of wireless devices, and / or a subset of the total wireless devices in the coverage area that perform according to the disclosed methods, etc. There may be multiple base stations or multiple wireless devices in the coverage area that may not comply with the disclosed methods, for example, these wireless devices or base stations may perform based on older versions of LTE or 5G technology.

[0038] In this disclosure, "a" and "an" and similar phrases will be interpreted as "at least one" and "one or more". Similarly, any term ending with the suffix "(s)" will be interpreted as "at least one" and "one or more". In this disclosure, the term "may" is to be interpreted as "may, for example". In other words, the term "may" indicates that the phrase following the term "may" is an example of one suitable possibility among multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used for one or more embodiments in various embodiments. As used herein, the terms "comprises" and "consists of" list one or more components of the element being described. The terms "comprises" and "includes" are interchangeable and do not exclude unlisted components from being included in the element being described. In contrast, "consists of" provides a complete listing of the one or more components of the element being described. As used herein, the term "based on" should be interpreted as "based at least in part on" rather than, for example, "based only on". As used herein, the term "and / or" refers to any possible combination of the listed elements. For example, "A, B and / or C" can mean A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B and C.

[0039] If A and B are sets, and every element of A is also an element of B, then A is called a subset of B. In this specification, only non-empty sets and subsets are considered. For example, the possible subsets of B = {cell1, cell2} are: {cell1}, {cell2}, and {cell1, cell2}. The phrase "based on" (or equivalently, "based at least on") indicates that the phrase following the term "based on" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used in one or more different embodiments. The phrase "in response to" (or equivalently, "in response to at least") indicates that the phrase following the phrase "in response to" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used in one or more different embodiments. The phrase "depending on" (or equivalently, "depending on at least") indicates that the phrase following the phrase "depending on" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used in one or more different embodiments. The phrase "using / adopting" (or equivalently, "at least adopting / adopting") indicates that the phrase following the phrase "adopting / adopting" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used in one or more different embodiments.

[0040] The term "configured" can refer to the capabilities of a device, regardless of whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state. "Configured" can also refer to specific settings in a device that affect the operational characteristics of the device, regardless of whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state. In other words, hardware, software, firmware, registers, memory values, etc. can be "configured" within a device to provide specific characteristics to the device, regardless of whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state. Terms such as "a control message induced in a device" can mean that the control message has parameters that can be used to configure specific characteristics in the device or parameters that can be used to implement certain actions in the device, regardless of whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state.

[0041] In the present disclosure, a parameter (or equivalently referred to as a field or information element: IE) may include one or more information objects, and an information object may include one or more other objects. For example, if parameter (IE) N includes parameter (IE) M, and parameter (IE) M includes parameter (IE) K, and parameter (IE) K includes parameter (information element) J. Then, for example, N includes K, and N includes J. In an exemplary embodiment, when one or more messages include multiple parameters, it means that the parameters of the multiple parameters are in at least one of the one or more messages, but not necessarily in every one of the one or more messages.

[0042] Many of the features presented are described as optional, either by using the word "may" or by using parentheses. For the sake of brevity and readability, this disclosure does not explicitly recite every permutation that can be obtained by selecting from the set of optional features. This disclosure should be interpreted as explicitly disclosing all such permutations. For example, a system described as having three optional features can be embodied in seven different ways, namely, having only one of the three possible features, having any two of the three possible features, or having three of the three possible features.

[0043] Many elements described in the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as modules. A module is defined here as an element that performs a defined function and has a defined interface to other elements. The modules described in this disclosure can be implemented with hardware, software, firmware, wetware (e.g., hardware with biological elements) in combination with hardware, or a combination thereof, all of which can be equivalent in behavior. For example, a module can be implemented as a software routine written in a computer language that is configured to be executed by a hardware machine (such as C, C++, Fortran, Java, Basic, Matlab, etc.) or a modeling / simulation program (such as Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, or LabVIEW MathScript). It is possible to implement a module using physical hardware incorporating discrete or programmable analog, digital, and / or quantum hardware. Examples of programmable hardware include: computers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs); field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). Computers, microcontrollers, and microprocessors are programmed using languages ​​such as assembly, C, and C++. FPGAs, ASICs, and CPLDs are often programmed using a hardware description language (HDL), such as VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) or Verilog, which configures the connections between the smaller internal hardware blocks on the programmable device. The mentioned techniques are often used in combination to achieve the results of the functional blocks.

[0044] Figure 1A 1 shows an example of a mobile communication network 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The mobile communication network 100 may be, for example, a public land mobile network (PLMN) operated by a network operator. Figure 1A As shown in , the mobile communication network 100 includes a core network (CN) 102 , a radio access network (RAN) 104 , and wireless devices 106 .

[0045] The CN 102 may provide an interface to one or more data networks (DNs), such as public DNs (e.g., the Internet), private DNs, and / or intra-carrier DNs, for the wireless device 106. As part of the interface functionality, the CN 102 may set up an end-to-end connection between the wireless device 106 and the one or more DNs, authenticate the wireless device 106, and provide charging functionality.

[0046] The RAN 104 may connect the CN 102 to the wireless device 106 via radio communication over an air interface. As part of the radio communication, the RAN 104 may provide scheduling, radio resource management, and retransmission protocols. The direction of communication from the RAN 104 to the wireless device 106 over the air interface is referred to as downlink, while the direction of communication from the wireless device 106 to the RAN 104 over the air interface is referred to as uplink. Downlink transmissions may be separated from uplink transmissions using frequency division duplexing (FDD), time division duplexing (TDD), and / or some combination of the two duplexing techniques.

[0047] The term "wireless device" may be used throughout this disclosure to refer to and encompass any mobile or fixed (non-mobile) device that requires or can use wireless communication. For example, a wireless device can be a phone, a smartphone, a tablet, a computer, a laptop, a sensor, a meter, a wearable device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a vehicle roadside unit (RSU), a relay node, a car, and / or any combination thereof. The term "wireless device" encompasses other terms including user equipment (UE), user terminal (UT), access terminal (AT), mobile station, handset, wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU), and / or wireless communication device.

[0048] The RAN 104 may include one or more base stations (not shown). The term "base station" may be used throughout this disclosure to refer to and encompass: a Node B (associated with UMTS and / or 3G standards); an evolved Node B (eNB, associated with E-UTRA and / or 4G standards); a remote radio head (RRH); a baseband processing unit coupled to one or more RRHs; a forwarder node or relay node used to extend the coverage area of ​​a donor node; a next-generation evolved Node B (ng-eNB); a generation Node B (gNB, associated with NR and / or 5G standards); an access point (AP, associated with, for example, WiFi or any other suitable wireless communication standard); and / or any combination thereof. A base station may include at least one gNB central unit (gNB-CU) and at least one gNB distributed unit (gNB-DU).

[0049] The base stations included in the RAN 104 may include one or more antennas for communicating with the wireless devices 106 over the air interface. For example, one or more of the base stations may include three antennas to control three cells (or sectors) respectively. The size of a cell may be determined by the range at which a receiver (e.g., a base station receiver) can successfully receive transmissions from a transmitter (e.g., a wireless device transmitter) operating in the cell. Together, the cells of the base stations may provide wireless devices 106 with radio coverage over a wide geographic area to support wireless device mobility.

[0050] In addition to three-sector sites, other implementations of the base station are possible. For example, one or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 may be implemented as a sectorized site with more or less than three sectors. One or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 may be implemented as an access point, a baseband processing unit coupled to several remote radio heads (RRHs), and / or a repeater or relay node for extending the coverage area of ​​a donor node. The baseband processing units coupled to the RRHs may be part of a centralized or cloud RAN architecture, where the baseband processing units may be centralized in a pool of baseband processing units or virtualized. The repeater node may amplify and rebroadcast the radio signals received from the donor node. The relay node may perform the same / similar functions as the repeater node, but may decode the radio signals received from the donor node to remove noise before amplifying and rebroadcasting the radio signals.

[0051] The RAN 104 can be deployed as a homogeneous network of macrocell base stations with similar antenna types and similar high-level transmit power. The RAN 104 can also be deployed as a heterogeneous network. In a heterogeneous network, small cell base stations can be used to provide small coverage areas, such as coverage areas that overlap with the relatively larger coverage area provided by macrocell base stations. Small coverage areas can be provided in areas with high data traffic (or so-called "hotspots") or in areas where macrocell coverage is weak. Examples of small cell base stations include, in descending order of coverage area: microcell base stations, picocell base stations, and femtocell base stations or home base stations.

[0052] The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) was established in 1998 to Figure 1A 100 in the mobile communication network 100. To date, 3GPP has developed specifications for three generations of mobile networks: the third generation (3G) network known as the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), the fourth generation (4G) network known as the Long Term Evolution (LTE), and the fifth generation (5G) network known as the 5G System (5GS). The embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to the RAN of the 3GPP 5G network known as the Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN). These embodiments are applicable to the RAN of other mobile communication networks, such as Figure 1A The RAN 104 in 5G networks, the RANs of earlier 3G and 4G networks, and those of yet-to-be-specified future networks (e.g., 3GPP 6G networks). The NG-RAN implements the 5G radio access technology known as New Radio (NR) and may be configured to implement 4G radio access technology or other radio access technologies, including non-3GPP radio access technologies.

[0053] Figure 1B Another exemplary mobile communication network 150 is shown in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The mobile communication network 150 may be, for example, a PLMN operated by a network operator. Figure 1B As shown in FIG, a mobile communication network 150 includes a 5G core network (5G-CN) 152, an NG-RAN 154, and UEs 156A and 156B (collectively referred to as UE 156). Figure 1A Corresponding components are described as being implemented and operating in the same or similar manner.

[0054] 5G-CN 152 provides an interface to one or more DNs, such as a public DN (e.g., the Internet), a private DN, and / or an operator's internal DN, to the UE 156. As part of the interface functionality, the 5G-CN 152 may set up an end-to-end connection between the UE 156 and the one or more DNs, authenticate the UE 156, and provide charging functionality. Compared to the CN of the 3GPP 4G network, the basis of the 5G-CN 152 may be a service-based architecture. This means that the architecture of the nodes that make up the 5G-CN 152 may be defined as network functions that provide services to other network functions via interfaces. The network functions of the 5G-CN 152 may be implemented in several ways, including as network elements on dedicated or shared hardware, as software instances running on dedicated or shared hardware, or as virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud-based platform).

[0055] like Figure 1B As shown in FIG, 5G-CN 152 includes an access and mobility management function (AMF) 158A and a user plane function (UPF) 158B, which are not shown in FIG. Figure 1BIn the figure, they are shown as one component AMF / UPF 158. UPF 158B can act as a gateway between NG-RAN 154 and the one or more DNs. UPF 158B can perform functions such as: packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection and user plane policy rule enforcement, service usage reporting, uplink classification to support routing of service flows to the one or more DNs, user plane quality of service (QoS) processing (e.g., packet filtering, gating, uplink / downlink rate enforcement and uplink service verification), downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering. UPF 158B can act as an anchor point for intra / inter-radio access technology (RAT) mobility, an external protocol (or packet) data unit (PDU) session point interconnected with the one or more DNs and / or a fulcrum to support multi-homed PDU sessions. UE 156 can be configured to receive services through a PDU session, which is a logical connection between the UE and the DN.

[0056] The AMF 158A may perform functions such as: non-access stratum (NAS) signaling termination, NAS signaling security, access stratum (AS) security control, inter-CN node signaling for mobility between 3GPP access networks, idle mode UE reachability (e.g., control and execution of paging retransmissions), registration area management, intra-system and inter-system mobility support, access authentication, access authorization including roaming rights verification, mobility management control (subscription and policy), network slicing support and / or session management function (SMF) selection. NAS may refer to a function operating between the CN and the UE, and AS may refer to a function operating between the UE and the RAN.

[0057] 5G-CN 152 may include Figure 1B . For example, the 5G-CN 152 may include one or more of the following: a session management function (SMF), an NR repository function (NRF), a policy control function (PCF), a network exposure function (NEF), a unified data management (UDM), an application function (AF), and / or an authentication server function (AUSF).

[0058] NG-RAN 154 can connect 5G-CN 152 to UE 156 via radio communications over the air interface. NG-RAN 154 may include one or more gNBs, such as gNB 160A and gNB 160B (collectively, gNB 160), and / or one or more ng-eNBs, such as ng-eNB 162A and ng-eNB 162B (collectively, ng-eNB 162). gNB 160 and ng-eNB 162 may be more generally referred to as base stations. gNB 160 and ng-eNB 162 may include one or more antennas for communicating with UE 156 over the air interface. For example, one or more of gNB 160 and / or one or more of ng-eNB 162 may include three antennas to control three cells (or sectors), respectively. The cells of gNB 160 and ng-eNB 162 may together provide radio coverage to UE 156 over a wide geographic area to support UE mobility.

[0059] like Figure 1B As shown in FIG, gNB 160 and / or ng-eNB 162 may be connected to 5G-CN 152 via an NG interface and to other base stations via an Xn interface. The NG and Xn interfaces may be established using direct physical connections and / or indirect connections through underlying transport networks, such as Internet Protocol (IP) transport networks. gNB 160 and / or ng-eNB 162 may be connected to UE 156 via a Uu interface. For example, Figure 1B As shown in FIG, gNB 160A can be connected to UE 156A via a Uu interface. The NG, Xn, and Uu interfaces are associated with protocol stacks. The protocol stack associated with the interface can be composed of Figure 1B Network elements in a network exchange data and signaling messages and may include two planes: the user plane and the control plane. The user plane processes data of interest to users, while the control plane processes signaling messages of interest to network elements.

[0060] The gNB 160 and / or ng-eNB 162 may be connected to one or more AMF / UPF functions of the 5G-CN 152, such as the AMF / UPF 158, via one or more NG interfaces. For example, the gNB 160A may be connected to the UPF 158B of the AMF / UPF 158 via an NG user plane (NG-U) interface. The NG-U interface may provide for delivery of user plane PDUs (e.g., non-guaranteed delivery) between the gNB 160A and the UPF 158B. The gNB 160A may be connected to the AMF 158A via an NG control plane (NG-C) interface. The NG-C interface may provide, for example, NG interface management, UE context management, UE mobility management, delivery of NAS messages, paging, PDU session management, and configuration delivery and / or warning message transmission.

[0061] The gNB 160 can provide NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE 156 via a Uu interface. For example, the gNB 160A can provide NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE 156A via a Uu interface associated with the first protocol stack. The ng-eNB 162 can provide Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE 156 via a Uu interface, where E-UTRA refers to a 3GPP 4G radio access technology. For example, the ng-eNB 162B can provide E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE 156B via a Uu interface associated with the second protocol stack.

[0062] The 5G-CN 152 is described as being configured to handle both NR and 4G radio access. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that it is possible for NR to be connected to a 4G core network in a mode known as "non-standalone operation." In non-standalone operation, the 4G core network is used to provide (or at least support) control plane functions (e.g., initial access, mobility, and paging). Although Figure 1B Only one AMF / UPF 158 is shown in the figure, but one gNB or ng-eNB can be connected to multiple AMF / UPF nodes to provide redundancy and / or load sharing across the multiple AMF / UPF nodes.

[0063] As discussed, Figure 1B The interfaces between network elements in a network (e.g., Uu, Xn, and NG interfaces) can be associated with a protocol stack used by the network elements to exchange data and signaling messages. The protocol stack can include two planes: the user plane and the control plane. The user plane can handle data of interest to users, while the control plane can handle signaling messages of interest to network elements.

[0064] Figure 2A and Figure 2B Examples of NR user plane and NR control plane protocol stacks for the Uu interface between UE 210 and gNB 220 are shown, respectively. Figure 2A and Figure 2B The protocol stack shown in can be used with e.g. Figure 1B The protocol stacks of the Uu interface between UE 156A and gNB 160A shown in FIG are the same or similar.

[0065] Figure 2A The NR user plane protocol stack is shown, including five layers implemented in the UE 210 and gNB 220. At the bottom of the protocol stack, the physical layers (PHY) 211 and 221 can provide transport services to higher layers of the protocol stack and can correspond to Layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The next four protocols above PHY 211 and 221 include the medium access control layer (MAC) 212 and 222, the radio link control layer (RLC) 213 and 223, the packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP) 214 and 224, and the service data application protocol layer (SDAP) 215 and 225. Together, these four protocols can constitute Layer 2, or the data link layer, of the OSI model.

[0066] Figure 3 An example of services provided between protocol layers of the NR user plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 2A and Figure 3 Starting from the top, SDAPs 215 and 225 can perform QoS flow processing. UE 210 can receive services via a PDU session, which can be a logical connection between UE 210 and a DN. A PDU session can have one or more QoS flows. The UPF of the CN (e.g., UPF 158B) can map IP packets to the one or more QoS flows of the PDU session based on QoS requirements (e.g., in terms of latency, data rate, and / or error rate). SDAPs 215 and 225 can perform mapping / demapping between the one or more QoS flows and one or more data radio bearers. The mapping / demapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers can be determined by SDAP 225 at gNB 220. SDAP 215 at UE 210 can learn the mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers through reflective mapping or control signaling received from gNB 220. For reflective mapping, the SDAP 225 at the gNB 220 may mark downlink packets with a QoS flow indicator (QFI), which may be observed by the SDAP 215 at the UE 210 to determine the mapping / de-mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers.

[0067] PDCPs 214 and 224 can perform header compression / decompression to reduce the amount of data transmitted over the air interface, encryption / decryption to prevent unauthorized decoding of data transmitted over the air interface, and integrity protection to ensure that control messages originate from the intended source. PDCPs 214 and 224 can also perform retransmission of undelivered packets, in-sequence delivery and reordering of packets, and removal of duplicate packets received due to, for example, intra-gNB handovers. PDCPs 214 and 224 can also perform packet duplication to increase the likelihood of packet reception and remove any duplicate packets at the receiver. Packet duplication can be suitable for services requiring high reliability.

[0068] although Figure 3 Not shown, but PDCP 214 and 224 can perform mapping / demapping between split radio bearers and RLC channels in dual connectivity scenarios. Dual connectivity is a technology that allows a UE to connect to two cells or more generally to two cell groups: a primary cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG). Split bearers are split bearers when a single radio bearer (such as one of the radio bearers provided by PDCP 214 and 224 as a service to SDAP 215 and 225) is handled by a cell group in dual connectivity. PDCP 214 and 224 can map / demapped split radio bearers between RLC channels belonging to a cell group.

[0069] RLC 213 and 223 can perform segmentation, retransmission via automatic repeat request (ARQ), and removal of duplicate data units received from MAC 212 and 222, respectively. RLC 213 and 223 can support three transmission modes: transparent mode (TM); unacknowledged mode (UM); and acknowledged mode (AM). Based on the transmission mode in which the RLC is operating, the RLC can perform one or more of the functions described. RLC configuration can be on a per-logical channel basis, independent of parameter sets and / or transmission time interval (TTI) durations. Figure 3 As shown in FIG, RLC 213 and 223 may provide RLC channels as services to PDCP 214 and 224, respectively.

[0070] MACs 212 and 222 may perform multiplexing / demultiplexing of logical channels and / or mapping between logical channels and transport channels. Multiplexing / demultiplexing may include multiplexing / demultiplexing data units belonging to one or more logical channels into / from transport blocks (TBs) delivered to / from PHYs 211 and 221. MAC 222 may be configured to perform scheduling, scheduling information reporting, and priority handling between UEs using dynamic scheduling. Scheduling may be performed in gNB 220 (at MAC 222) for both downlink and uplink. MACs 212 and 222 may be configured to perform error correction using hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) (e.g., one HARQ entity per carrier in the case of carrier aggregation (CA)), priority handling between logical channels of UE 210 using logical channel prioritization, and / or padding. MACs 212 and 222 may support one or more parameter sets and / or transmission timing. In an example, mapping restrictions in logical channel prioritization can control which parameter sets and / or transmission timings a logical channel can use. Figure 3 As shown, MAC 212 and 222 may provide logical channels as a service to RLC 213 and 223 .

[0071] PHY 211 and 221 can perform mapping of transport channels to physical channels and digital and analog signal processing functions for sending and receiving information over the air interface. These digital and analog signal processing functions may include, for example, encoding / decoding and modulation / demodulation. PHY 211 and 221 can perform multi-antenna mapping. Figure 3 As shown in , PHYs 211 and 221 may provide one or more transport channels as a service to MACs 212 and 222 .

[0072] Figure 4A An exemplary downlink data flow through the NR user plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 4A The figure shows the downlink data flow of three IP packets (n, n+1, and m) flowing through the NR user plane protocol stack to generate two TBs at the gNB 220. The uplink data flow flowing through the NR user plane protocol stack can be the same as Figure 4A The downlink data flow is similar to that depicted in .

[0073] Figure 4A The downlink data flow of starts when the SDAP 225 receives three IP packets from one or more QoS flows and maps the three packets to radio bearers. Figure 4A In the SDAP header (in Figure 4AThe data unit from / to the higher protocol layer is called the service data unit (SDU) of the lower protocol layer, and the data unit to / from the lower protocol layer is called the protocol data unit (PDU) of the higher protocol layer. Figure 4A As shown in , the data units from SDAP 225 are SDUs of the lower protocol layer PDCP 224 and are PDUs of SDAP 225 .

[0074] Figure 4A The remaining protocol layers in the Figure 3 ), add the corresponding headers and forward their corresponding output to the next lower layer. For example, PDCP 224 may perform IP header compression and encryption and forward its output to RLC 223. RLC 223 may optionally perform segmentation (e.g., Figure 4A 2) and forwards its output to the MAC 222. The MAC 222 may multiplex many RLC PDUs and may append MAC subheaders to the RLC PDUs to form a transport block. In NR, MAC subheaders may be distributed throughout the MAC PDUs, as shown in FIG. Figure 4A In LTE, the MAC subheader can be located entirely at the beginning of the MAC PDU. The NR MAC PDU structure can reduce processing time and associated latency because the MAC PDU subheader can be calculated before assembling the complete MAC PDU.

[0075] Figure 4B An exemplary format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU is shown. The MAC subheader includes: an SDU length field for indicating the length (e.g., in bytes) of the MAC SDU to which the MAC subheader corresponds; a logical channel identifier (LCID) field for identifying the logical channel from which the MAC SDU originates to assist in the demultiplexing process; a flag (F) for indicating the size of the SDU length field; and a reserved bit (R) field for future use.

[0076] Figure 4B Further shown is a MAC Control Element (CE) inserted into the MAC PDU by a MAC, such as MAC 223 or MAC 222. For example, Figure 4B Two MAC CEs are shown inserted into the MAC PDU. Figure 4B) and inserting a MAC CE at the end of a MAC PDU for uplink transmission. MAC CE may be used for in-band control signaling. Exemplary MAC CEs include: scheduling-related MAC CEs, such as buffer status reports and power headroom reports; activation / deactivation MAC CEs, such as those used for PDCP duplicate detection, channel state information (CSI) reporting, sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, and activation / deactivation of previously configured components; discontinuous reception (DRX)-related MAC CEs; timing advance MAC CEs; and random access-related MAC CEs. A MAC subheader having a format similar to that described with respect to a MAC SDU may precede the MAC CE, and the MAC CE may be identified with a reserved value in the LCID field that indicates the type of control information included in the MAC CE.

[0077] Before describing the NR control plane protocol stack, we first describe the mapping between logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels, as well as channel types. One or more of these channels can be used to perform functions associated with the NR control plane protocol stack described later below.

[0078] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The mapping between logical channels, transport channels and physical channels is shown for downlink and uplink respectively. Information is passed through channels between RLC, MAC and PHY of the NR protocol stack. Logical channels can be used between RLC and MAC and can be classified as control channels that carry control and configuration information in the NR control plane, or as traffic channels that carry data in the NR user plane. Logical channels can be classified as dedicated logical channels dedicated to a specific UE, or as common logical channels that can be used by more than one UE. Logical channels can also be defined by the type of information they carry. The set of logical channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0079] - Paging Control Channel (PCCH), which is used to carry paging messages for UEs whose locations are unknown to the network at the cell level;

[0080] - Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), which is used to carry system information messages in the form of a Master Information Block (MIB) and several System Information Blocks (SIBs), which can be used by UEs to obtain information about how a cell is configured and how it operates within the cell;

[0081] - Common Control Channel (CCCH), which is used to carry control messages and random access;

[0082] - a dedicated control channel (DCCH), which is used to carry control messages to / from a specific UE to configure that UE; and

[0083] - Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH), which is used to carry user data to / from a specific UE.

[0084] Transport channels are used between the MAC layer and the PHY layer and can be defined by how the information they carry is transmitted over the air interface. The set of transport channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0085] - Paging Channel (PCH), which is used to carry paging messages originating from PCCH;

[0086] - Broadcast Channel (BCH), which is used to carry the MIB from the BCCH;

[0087] - Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH), which is used to carry downlink data and signaling messages, including SIBs from BCCH;

[0088] - Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH), which is used to carry uplink data and signaling messages; and

[0089] - Random Access Channel (RACH), which is used to allow a UE to contact the network without any previous scheduling.

[0090] The PHY may use physical channels to pass information between processing levels of the PHY. A physical channel may have a set of associated time-frequency resources for carrying information for one or more transport channels. The PHY may generate control information to support the low-level operation of the PHY and provide control information to the lower levels of the PHY via physical control channels (referred to as L1 / L2 control channels). The set of physical channels and physical control channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0091] - Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), which is used to carry the MIB from the BCH;

[0092] - Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), which is used to carry downlink data and signaling messages from DL-SCH and paging messages from PCH;

[0093] - Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), which is used to carry downlink control information (DCI), which may include downlink scheduling commands, uplink scheduling grants, and uplink power control commands;

[0094] - Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), which is used to carry uplink data and signaling messages from the UL-SCH, and in some cases uplink control information (UCI) as described below;

[0095] - Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), which is used to carry UCI, which may include HARQ acknowledgment, channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), rank indicator (RI), and scheduling request (SR); and

[0096] - Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), which is used for random access.

[0097] Similar to the physical control channel, the physical layer generates physical signals to support the low-level operations of the physical layer. Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown in [1], the physical layer signals defined by NR include: Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PT-RS). These physical layer signals will be described in more detail below.

[0098] Figure 2B An exemplary NR control plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 2B As shown in FIG, the NR control plane protocol stack may use the same / similar first four protocol layers as the exemplary NR user plane protocol stack. These four protocol layers include PHY 211 and 221, MAC 212 and 222, RLC 213 and 223, and PDCP 214 and 224. Instead of having SDAP 215 and 225 at the top of the stack as in the NR user plane protocol stack, the NR control plane protocol stack instead has radio resource control (RRC) 216 and 226 and NAS protocols 217 and 237 at the top of the NR control plane protocol stack.

[0099] The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 (e.g., AMF 158A), or more generally between the UE 210 and the CN. The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 via signaling messages known as NAS messages. There is no direct path between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 through which NAS messages may be transmitted. NAS messages may be transmitted using the AS of the Uu and NG interfaces. The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality such as authentication, security, connection setup, mobility management, and session management.

[0100] RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functionality between UE 210 and gNB 220, or more generally, between UE 210 and the RAN. RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functionality between UE 210 and gNB 220 via signaling messages, referred to as RRC messages. RRC messages may be transported between UE 210 and the RAN using signaling radio bearers and the same / similar PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY protocol layers. MAC may multiplex control plane and user plane data into the same transport block (TB). The RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functions such as: broadcast of system information related to the AS and NAS; paging initiated by the CN or RAN; establishment, maintenance, and release of an RRC connection between the UE 210 and the RAN; security functions including key management; establishment, configuration, maintenance, and release of signaling radio bearers and data radio bearers; mobility functions; QoS management functions; UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting; detection of radio link failure (RLF) and recovery from radio link failure; and / or NAS messaging. As part of establishing an RRC connection, the RRCs 216 and 226 may establish an RRC context, which may involve configuring parameters for communication between the UE 210 and the RAN.

[0101] Figure 6 is an example diagram showing the RRC state transition of the UE. The UE can Figure 1A The wireless device 106 depicted in Figure 2A and Figure 2B The UE 210 depicted in FIG or any other wireless device described in this disclosure is the same or similar. Figure 6 As shown in FIG, a UE may be in at least one of three RRC states: RRC connected 602 (eg, RRC_CONNECTED), RRC idle 604 (eg, RRC_IDLE), and RRC inactive 606 (eg, RRC_INACTIVE).

[0102] In RRC connection 602, the UE has an established RRC context and may have at least one RRC connection with a base station. The base station may be similar to one of the following: Figure 1A The one or more base stations included in the RAN 104 depicted in FIG; Figure 1B One of the gNB 160 or ng-eNB 162 depicted in FIG; Figure 2A and Figure 2Bor any other base station described in the present disclosure. A base station connected to a UE may have an RRC context for the UE. The RRC context, referred to as the UE context, may include parameters used for communication between the UE and the base station. These parameters may include, for example: one or more AS contexts; one or more radio link configuration parameters; bearer configuration information (e.g., relating to data radio bearers, signaling radio bearers, logical channels, QoS flows, and / or PDU sessions); security information; and / or PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, and / or SDAP layer configuration information. While in RRC connection 602, the UE's mobility may be managed by the RAN (e.g., RAN 104 or NG-RAN 154). The UE may measure signal levels (e.g., reference signal levels) from a serving cell and neighboring cells and report these measurements to the base station currently serving the UE. The UE's serving base station may request handover to a cell of one of the neighboring base stations based on the reported measurements. The RRC state may transition from RRC connected 602 to RRC idle 604 via a connection release procedure 608 , or to RRC inactive 606 via a connection deactivation procedure 610 .

[0103] In RRC Idle 604, an RRC context may not be established for the UE. In RRC Idle 604, the UE may not have an RRC connection with a base station. While in RRC Idle 604, the UE may be in a sleep state most of the time (e.g., to conserve battery power). The UE may periodically wake up (e.g., once per discontinuous reception cycle) to monitor for paging messages from the RAN. The UE's mobility may be managed by the UE through a procedure known as cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from RRC Idle 604 to RRC Connected 602 through a connection establishment procedure 612, which may involve a random access procedure, as discussed in more detail below.

[0104] In RRC Inactive 606, the previously established RRC context is maintained in the UE and the base station. This allows for a quick transition to RRC Connected 602 with reduced signaling overhead compared to the transition from RRC Idle 604 to RRC Connected 602. While in RRC Inactive 606, the UE may be in a sleep state, and the UE's mobility may be managed by the UE through cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from RRC Inactive 606 to RRC Connected 602 via a Connection Resumption Procedure 614, or to RRC Idle 604 via a Connection Release Procedure 616, which may be the same as or similar to the Connection Release Procedure 608.

[0105] The RRC state can be associated with mobility management mechanisms. In RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606, mobility is managed by the UE through cell reselection. The purpose of mobility management in RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606 is to allow the network to notify the UE of events via paging messages without having to broadcast paging messages across the entire mobile communications network. The mobility management mechanisms used in RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606 can allow the network to track the UE at a cell group level, so that paging messages can be broadcast to cells in the cell group in which the UE is currently residing, rather than across the entire mobile communications network. The mobility management mechanisms used in RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606 track the UE at a cell group level. These mobility management mechanisms can do so using groupings of different granularities. For example, there can be three levels of cell grouping granularity: individual cells; cells within a RAN area identified by a RAN Area Identifier (RAI); and cells within a group of RAN areas, known as tracking areas and identified by a Tracking Area Identifier (TAI).

[0106] Tracking areas can be used to track UEs at the CN level. The CN (e.g., CN 102 or 5G-CN 152) can provide the UE with a list of TAIs associated with the UE's registration area. If the UE moves to a cell associated with a TAI that is not included in the list of TAIs associated with the UE's registration area through cell reselection, the UE can perform a registration update on the CN to allow the CN to update the UE's location and provide the UE with a new UE registration area.

[0107] RAN areas can be used to track UEs at the RAN level. For a UE in the RRC Inactive 606 state, a RAN notification area can be assigned to the UE. The RAN notification area can include one or more cell identities, a list of RAIs, or a list of TAIs. In an example, a base station can belong to one or more RAN notification areas. In an example, a cell can belong to one or more RAN notification areas. If a UE moves to a cell not included in the RAN notification area assigned to the UE through cell reselection, the UE can perform a notification area update on the RAN to update the UE's RAN notification area.

[0108] The base station that stores the RRC context for the UE or the last serving base station of the UE may be referred to as the anchor base station. The anchor base station may maintain the RRC context for the UE at least for the period of time that the UE remains in the RAN notification area of ​​the anchor base station and / or for the period of time that the UE remains in RRC inactivity 606.

[0109] gNBs, such as Figure 1BThe gNB 160 in the LTE network can be divided into two parts: a central unit (gNB-CU) and one or more distributed units (gNB-DUs). The gNB-CU can be coupled to one or more gNB-DUs using the F1 interface. The gNB-CU can include RRC, PDCP, and SDAP. The gNB-DU can include RLC, MAC, and PHY.

[0110] In NR, physical signals and physical channels (about Figure 5A and Figure 5B Discussed) can be mapped onto orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. OFDM is a multi-carrier communication scheme that transmits data over F orthogonal subcarriers (or tones). Before transmission, the data can be mapped to a series of complex symbols called source symbols (e.g., M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) symbols or M-phase shift keying (M-PSK) symbols) and divided into F parallel symbol streams. The F parallel symbol streams can be treated as if they were in the frequency domain and used as input to an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block that transforms them into the time domain. The IFFT block can take F source symbols at a time (one source symbol from each of the F parallel symbol streams) and use each source symbol to modulate the amplitude and phase of one of the F sinusoidal basis functions corresponding to the F orthogonal subcarriers. The output of the IFFT block can be F time domain samples representing the sum of the F orthogonal subcarriers. The F time domain samples can form a single OFDM symbol. After some processing (e.g., addition of a cyclic prefix) and up-conversion, the OFDM symbols provided by the IFFT block can be transmitted over the air interface at the carrier frequency. The F parallel symbol streams can be mixed using the FFT block before being processed by the IFFT block. This operation produces discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoded OFDM symbols and can be used by the UE in the uplink to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). The FFT block can be used to perform inverse processing on the OFDM symbols at the receiver to recover the data mapped to the source symbols.

[0111] Figure 7 An exemplary configuration of an NR frame into which OFDM symbols are grouped is shown. An NR frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN). The SFN may repeat for a period of 1024 frames. As shown, an NR frame may have a duration of 10 milliseconds (ms) and may include 10 subframes of 1 ms duration. A subframe may be divided into time slots, which may include, for example, 14 OFDM symbols per time slot.

[0112] The duration of a timeslot may depend on the parameter set used for the OFDM symbol for that timeslot. In NR, flexible parameter sets are supported to accommodate different cell deployments (e.g., cells with carrier frequencies below 1 GHz, up to cells with carrier frequencies in the mmWave range). Parameter sets may be defined in terms of subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration. For parameter sets in NR, the subcarrier spacing may be scaled up by powers of two from a baseline subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and the cyclic prefix duration may be scaled down by powers of two from a baseline cyclic prefix duration of 4.7 μs. For example, NR defines parameter sets with the following subcarrier spacing / cyclic prefix duration combinations: 15 kHz / 4.7 μs; 30 kHz / 2.3 μs; 60 kHz / 1.2 μs; 120 kHz / 0.59 μs; and 240 kHz / 0.29 μs.

[0113] A slot may have a fixed number of OFDM symbols (eg, 14 OFDM symbols). Parameter sets with higher subcarrier spacing have shorter slot durations and correspondingly more slots per subframe. Figure 7 The transmission structure of the time slot duration and time slot per subframe associated with the parameter set is shown (for ease of illustration, Figure 7 (The numerology with 240 kHz subcarrier spacing is not shown in the figure). The subframe in NR can be used as a time reference independent of the numerology, while the slot can be used as the unit for scheduling uplink and downlink transmissions. To support low latency, scheduling in NR can be decoupled from the slot duration and start at any OFDM symbol and continue for as many symbols as needed. These partial slot transmissions can be called mini-slots or sub-slot transmissions.

[0114] Figure 8 An exemplary configuration of a time slot in the time and frequency domains of an NR carrier is shown. The time slot includes a resource element (RE) and a resource block (RB). RE is the smallest physical resource in NR. RE spans one OFDM symbol in the time domain through one subcarrier in the frequency domain, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown in . RB spans twelve consecutive REs in the frequency domain, as Figure 8 As shown. The NR carrier can be limited to a width of 275RB or 275×12=3300 subcarriers. If this restriction is used, the NR carrier can be limited to 50, 100, 200 and 400 MHz for subcarrier spacing of 15, 30, 60 and 120 kHz, respectively, where the 400 MHz bandwidth can be set based on the 400 MHz bandwidth limit per carrier.

[0115] Figure 8A single parameter set is shown used across the entire bandwidth of the NR carrier. In other example configurations, multiple parameter sets may be supported on the same carrier.

[0116] NR can support wide carrier bandwidths (e.g., up to 400 MHz for a 120 kHz subcarrier spacing). Not all UEs may be able to receive the full carrier bandwidth (e.g., due to hardware limitations). Moreover, receiving the full carrier bandwidth may be prohibitive in terms of UE power consumption. In an example, to reduce power consumption and / or for other purposes, the UE can adapt the size of the UE's receive bandwidth based on the amount of traffic the UE plans to receive. This is called bandwidth adaptation.

[0117] NR defines bandwidth parts (BWPs) to support UEs that cannot receive the full carrier bandwidth and to support bandwidth adaptation. In an example, a BWP can be defined by a subset of contiguous RBs on a carrier. The UE can be configured (e.g., via the RRC layer) with one or more downlink BWPs and one or more uplink BWPs per serving cell (e.g., up to four downlink BWPs and up to four uplink BWPs per serving cell). At a given time, one or more of the configured BWPs for a serving cell can be active. The one or more BWPs can be referred to as the active BWPs of the serving cell. When a serving cell is configured with a secondary uplink carrier, the serving cell can have one or more first active BWPs in the uplink carrier and one or more second active BWPs in the secondary uplink carrier.

[0118] For unpaired spectrum, a downlink BWP from the set of configured downlink BWPs may be linked with an uplink BWP from the set of configured uplink BWPs if the downlink BWP index of the downlink BWP is the same as the uplink BWP index of the uplink BWP. For unpaired spectrum, the UE may expect the center frequency of the downlink BWP to be the same as the center frequency of the uplink BWP.

[0119] For a downlink BWP in the set of configured downlink BWPs on a primary cell (PCell), the base station can configure the UE with one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) for at least one search space. A search space is a set of locations in the time and frequency domain where a UE can search for control information. A search space can be a UE-specific search space or a common search space (potentially usable by multiple UEs). For example, the base station can configure a common search space for a UE on a PCell or a primary / secondary cell (PSCell) in an active downlink BWP.

[0120] For an uplink BWP in a set of configured uplink BWPs, the BS may configure one or more resource sets for the UE for one or more PUCCH transmissions. The UE may receive downlink transmissions (e.g., PDCCH or PDSCH) in the downlink BWP based on the configured parameter set for the downlink BWP (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration). The UE may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH or PUSCH) in the uplink BWP based on the configured parameter set (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix length of the uplink BWP).

[0121] One or more BWP indicator fields may be provided in downlink control information (DCI). The value of the BWP indicator field may indicate which BWP in a set of configured BWPs is the active downlink BWP for one or more downlink receptions. The value of the one or more BWP indicator fields may indicate the active uplink BWP for one or more uplink transmissions.

[0122] The base station may semi-statically configure a default downlink BWP for the UE within the set of configured downlink BWPs associated with the PCell. If the base station does not provide a default downlink BWP to the UE, the default downlink BWP may be the initial active downlink BWP. The UE may determine which BWP is the initial active downlink BWP based on the CORESET configuration obtained using the PBCH.

[0123] The base station may configure the BWP inactivity timer value for the PCell for the UE. The UE may start or restart the BWP inactivity timer at any appropriate time. For example, the UE may start or restart the BWP inactivity timer in the following circumstances: (a) when the UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP other than the default downlink BWP for paired spectrum operation; or (b) when the UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP or an active uplink BWP other than the default downlink BWP or uplink BWP for unpaired spectrum operation. If the UE does not detect the DCI within a time interval (e.g., 1 ms or 0.5 ms), the UE may run the BWP inactivity timer towards expiration (e.g., incrementing the BWP inactivity timer value from zero to, or decrementing the BWP inactivity timer value from zero). When the BWP inactivity timer expires, the UE may switch from the active downlink BWP to the default downlink BWP.

[0124] In an example, the base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more BWPs. The UE may switch the active BWP from the first BWP to the second BWP in response to receiving a DCI indicating that the second BWP is the active BWP and / or in response to expiration of a BWP inactivity timer (e.g., when the second BWP is the default BWP).

[0125] Downlink and uplink BWP switching can be performed independently in paired spectrum (where BWP switching refers to switching from the currently active BWP to the non-currently active BWP). In unpaired spectrum, downlink and uplink BWP switching can be performed simultaneously. Switching between configured BWPs can occur based on RRC signaling, DCI, expiration of the BWP inactivity timer, and / or initiation of random access.

[0126] Figure 9 An example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs of an NR carrier is shown. A UE configured with these three BWPs can switch from one BWP to another at a switching point. Figure 9 In the example shown in , the BWPs include: BWP 902, with a bandwidth of 40 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP 904, with a bandwidth of 10 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; and BWP 906, with a bandwidth of 20 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. BWP 902 may be the initial active BWP, and BWP 904 may be the default BWP. The UE may switch between BWPs at a switching point. Figure 9 In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the UE may switch from BWP 902 to BWP 904 at switch point 908. The switch at switch point 908 may occur for any suitable reason, such as in response to expiration of a BWP inactivity timer (indicating a switch to a default BWP) and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 904 is the active BWP. The UE may switch from active BWP 904 to BWP 906 at switch point 910 in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 906 is the active BWP. The UE may switch from active BWP 906 to BWP 904 at switch point 912 in response to expiration of a BWP inactivity timer and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 904 is the active BWP. The UE may switch from active BWP 904 to BWP 902 at switch point 914 in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 902 is the active BWP.

[0127] If the UE is configured for a secondary cell with a default downlink BWP and timer values ​​from the set of configured downlink BWPs, the UE procedures for switching the BWP on the secondary cell may be the same / similar to those on the primary cell. For example, the UE may use the timer values ​​and default downlink BWP for the secondary cell in the same / similar manner as the UE would use these values ​​for the primary cell.

[0128] To provide higher data rates, carrier aggregation (CA) can be used to aggregate two or more carriers and transmit them simultaneously to / from the same UE. The aggregated carriers in CA may be referred to as component carriers (CCs). When CA is used, there are many serving cells for the UE, one for each CC. CCs can have three configurations in the frequency domain.

[0129] Figure 10A Three CA configurations with two CCs are shown. In the intra-band contiguous configuration 1002, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (Band A) and are located directly adjacent to each other within the band. In the intra-band non-contiguous configuration 1004, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (Band A) and are separated by a gap within the band. In the inter-band configuration 1006, the two CCs are located in frequency bands (Band A and Band B).

[0130] In an example, up to 32 CCs can be aggregated. Aggregated CCs can have the same or different bandwidths, subcarrier spacing, and / or duplexing schemes (TDD or FDD). A serving cell for a UE using CA can have downlink CCs. For FDD, one or more uplink CCs can optionally be configured for the serving cell. For example, the ability to aggregate more downlink carriers than uplink carriers can be useful when the UE has more data traffic in the downlink than in the uplink.

[0131] When CA is used, one of the aggregated cells for a UE may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell). The PCell may be the serving cell to which the UE initially connects at RRC connection establishment, reestablishment, and / or handover. The PCell may provide NAS mobility information and security input to the UE. The UE may have different PCells. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to as a downlink primary CC (DL PCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to as an uplink primary CC (UL PCC). Other aggregated cells for the UE may be referred to as secondary cells (SCells). In an example, the SCell may be configured after the PCell is configured for the UE. For example, the SCell may be configured through an RRC connection reconfiguration procedure. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to the SCell may be referred to as a downlink secondary CC (DL SCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to the SCell may be referred to as an uplink secondary CC (UL SCC).

[0132] The configured SCell for a UE can be activated and deactivated based on, for example, traffic and channel conditions. Deactivation of an SCell can mean stopping PDCCH and PDSCH reception on the SCell, and stopping PUSCH, SRS, and CQI transmission on the SCell. Figure 4B The configured SCells may be activated and deactivated using a MAC CE. For example, the MAC CE may use a bitmap (e.g., one bit per SCell) to indicate which SCells (e.g., a subset of configured SCells) are activated or deactivated for the UE. The configured SCells may be deactivated in response to the expiration of an SCell deactivation timer (e.g., one SCell deactivation timer per SCell).

[0133] The downlink control information of a cell (such as scheduling assignments and scheduling grants) can be transmitted on the cell corresponding to the assignment and grant, which is called self-scheduling. The DCI of a cell can be transmitted on another cell, which is called cross-carrier scheduling. The uplink control information for the aggregated cell (e.g., HARQ confirmation and channel state feedback, such as CQI, PMI and / or RI) can be transmitted on the PUCCH of the PCell. For a large number of aggregated downlink CCs, the PUCCH of the PCell may become overloaded. The cell can be divided into multiple PUCCH groups.

[0134] Figure 10B An example of how aggregated cells can be configured into one or more PUCCH groups is shown. PUCCH group 1010 and PUCCH group 1050 may each include one or more downlink CCs. Figure 10B In the example of FIG, PUCCH group 1010 includes three downlink CCs: PCell 1011, SCell 1012, and SCell 1013. PUCCH group 1050 in this example includes three downlink CCs: PCell 1051, SCell 1052, and SCell 1053. One or more uplink CCs may be configured as PCell 1021, SCell 1022, and SCell 1023. One or more other uplink CCs may be configured as primary Scell ​​(PSCell) 1061, SCell 1062, and SCell 1063. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1010 (shown as UCI 1031, UCI 1032, and UCI 1033) may be transmitted in the uplink of PCell 1021. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1050 (shown as UCI 1071, UCI 1072, and UCI 1073) may be transmitted in the uplink of PSCell 1061. In this example, if Figure 10B If the aggregated cell depicted in FIG is not divided into PUCCH groups 1010 and 1050, a single uplink PCell transmits UCI associated with the downlink CC, and the PCell may become overloaded. Overload can be prevented by dividing the transmission of UCI between PCell 1021 and PSCell 1061.

[0135] A physical cell ID and a cell index may be assigned to a cell comprising a downlink carrier and an optional uplink carrier. The physical cell ID or cell index may identify the downlink carrier and / or uplink carrier of the cell, for example, depending on the context in which the physical cell ID is used. The physical cell ID may be determined using a synchronization signal transmitted on a downlink component carrier. The cell index may be determined using an RRC message. In the present disclosure, the physical cell ID may be referred to as a carrier ID, and the cell index may be referred to as a carrier index. For example, when the present disclosure relates to a first physical cell ID of a first downlink carrier, the present disclosure may mean that the first physical cell ID is used for a cell comprising the first downlink carrier. The same / similar concepts may apply, for example, to carrier activation. When the present disclosure indicates that a first carrier is activated, the present specification may mean that a cell comprising the first carrier is activated.

[0136] In carrier aggregation, the multi-carrier nature of the PHY can be exposed to the MAC. In an example, the HARQ entity can operate on the serving cell. A transport block can be generated based on the assignment / grant of each serving cell. A transport block and potential HARQ retransmissions of the transport block can be mapped to the serving cell.

[0137] In the downlink, the base station may transmit (e.g., unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast) one or more reference signals (RS) to the UE (e.g., PSS, SSS, CSI-RS, DMRS, and / or PT-RS, such as Figure 5A In the uplink, the UE may transmit one or more RSs to the base station (e.g., DMRS, PT-RS, and / or SRS, as shown in FIG. Figure 5B (as shown). The PSS and SSS may be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE to synchronize the UE with the base station. The PSS and SSS may be provided in a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block that includes the PSS, SSS, and PBCH. The base station may periodically transmit bursts of SS / PBCH blocks.

[0138] Figure 11A An example of the structure and location of SS / PBCH blocks is shown. A burst of SS / PBCH blocks may include one or more SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., 4 SS / PBCH blocks, such as Figure 11A As shown). Bursts may be transmitted periodically (e.g., every 2 frames or 20ms). Bursts may be limited to half a frame (e.g., the first half frame having a duration of 5ms). It will be understood that Figure 11A are examples, and these parameters (number of SS / PBCH blocks per burst, periodicity of bursts, burst position within a frame) may be configured based on, for example: the carrier frequency of the cell in which the SS / PBCH blocks are transmitted; the parameter set or subcarrier spacing of the cell; configuration by the network (e.g., using RRC signaling); or any other suitable factor. In an example, the UE may assume the subcarrier spacing of the SS / PBCH blocks based on the carrier frequency being monitored unless the radio network configures the UE to assume a different subcarrier spacing.

[0139] SS / PBCH blocks may span one or more OFDM symbols in the time domain (e.g., 4 OFDM symbols, e.g., Figure 11A) and may span one or more subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 240 consecutive subcarriers). The PSS, SSS, and PBCH may have a common center frequency. The PSS may be transmitted first and may span, for example, 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The SSS may be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., two symbols later) and may span 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The PBCH may be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., spanning the next 3 OFDM symbols) and may span 240 subcarriers.

[0140] The UE may not know the location of the SS / PBCH blocks in the time and frequency domain (for example, when the UE is searching for a cell). In order to find and select a cell, the UE may monitor the carrier of the PSS. For example, the UE may monitor the frequency position within the carrier. If no PSS is found after a certain duration (for example, 20ms), the UE may search for the PSS at different frequency positions within the carrier, as indicated by the synchronization raster. If the PSS is found at a certain position in the time and frequency domain, the UE may determine the location of the SSS and PBCH based on the known structure of the SS / PBCH block, respectively. The SS / PBCH block may be a cell definition SS block (CD-SSB). In an example, the primary cell may be associated with the CD-SSB. The CD-SSB may be located on the synchronization raster. In an example, cell selection / search and / or reselection may be based on the CD-SSB.

[0141] The SS / PBCH block can be used by the UE to determine one or more parameters of the cell. For example, the UE can determine the physical cell identifier (PCI) of the cell based on the sequence of the PSS and SSS, respectively. The UE can determine the location of the cell's frame boundary based on the location of the SS / PBCH block. For example, the SS / PBCH block can indicate that it has been transmitted according to a transmission pattern in which the SS / PBCH block is a known distance from the frame boundary.

[0142] The PBCH may use QPSK modulation and forward error correction (FEC). FEC may use polarity coding. One or more symbols spanned by the PBCH may carry one or more DMRS for demodulating the PBCH. The PBCH may include an indication of the current system frame number (SFN) of the cell and / or an SS / PBCH block timing index. These parameters may facilitate time synchronization between the UE and the base station. The PBCH may include a master information block (MIB) for providing one or more parameters to the UE. The MIB may be used by the UE to locate the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) associated with the cell. The RMSI may include a system information block type 1 (SIB1). SIB1 may contain information required for the UE to access the cell. The UE may use one or more parameters of the MIB to monitor the PDCCH that may be used to schedule the PDSCH. The PDSCH may include SIB1. SIB1 may be decoded using the parameters provided in the MIB. The PBCH may indicate that SIB1 does not exist. Based on the PBCH indicating that SIB1 does not exist, the UE may point to a frequency. The UE may search for SS / PBCH blocks at the frequency to which the UE is pointed.

[0143] The UE may assume that one or more SS / PBCH blocks transmitted with the same SS / PBCH block index are quasi-co-located (QCLed) (e.g., having the same / similar Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and / or spatial Rx parameters). The UE may not assume QCL for SS / PBCH blocks transmitted with different SS / PBCH block indices.

[0144] SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., those within a half-frame) may be transmitted in spatial directions (e.g., using different beams across the coverage area of ​​the cell). In an example, a first SS / PBCH block may be transmitted in a first spatial direction using a first beam, and a second SS / PBCH block may be transmitted in a second spatial direction using a second beam.

[0145] In an example, a base station may transmit multiple SS / PBCH blocks within a frequency range of a carrier. In an example, a first PCI of a first SS / PBCH block of the multiple SS / PBCH blocks may be different from a second PCI of a second SS / PBCH block of the multiple SS / PBCH blocks. The PCIs of SS / PBCH blocks transmitted in different frequency locations may be different or the same.

[0146] The CSI-RS may be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE to obtain channel state information (CSI). The base station may configure the UE with one or more CSI-RS for channel estimation or any other suitable purpose. The base station may configure the UE with one or more of the same / similar CSI-RS. The UE may measure the one or more CSI-RS. The UE may estimate the downlink channel state and / or generate a CSI report based on the measurement of the one or more downlink CSI-RS. The UE may provide the CSI report to the base station. The base station may use the feedback provided by the UE (e.g., the estimated downlink channel state) to perform link adaptation.

[0147] The base station can semi-statically configure the UE with one or more CSI-RS resource sets. CSI-RS resources can be associated with a location in the time and frequency domains and a periodicity. The base station can selectively activate and / or deactivate CSI-RS resources. The base station can indicate to the UE that CSI-RS resources in a CSI-RS resource set are activated and / or deactivated.

[0148] The base station can configure the UE to report CSI measurement values. The base station can configure the UE to provide CSI reports periodically, aperiodically, or semi-persistently. For periodic CSI reporting, the UE can be configured with the timing and / or periodicity of multiple CSI reports. For aperiodic CSI reporting, the base station can request a CSI report. For example, the base station can command the UE to measure the configured CSI-RS resources and provide a CSI report related to the measurement values. For semi-persistent CSI reporting, the base station can configure the UE to transmit periodically and selectively activate or deactivate periodic reporting. The base station can configure the UE with a CSI-RS resource set and CSI reporting using RRC signaling.

[0149] The CSI-RS configuration may include one or more parameters indicating, for example, up to 32 antenna ports. The UE may be configured to use the same OFDM symbol for the downlink CSI-RS and control resource set (CORESET) when the downlink CSI-RS and CORESET are spatially QCLed and the resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside the physical resource blocks (PRBs) configured for the CORESET. The UE may be configured to use the same OFDM symbol for the downlink CSI-RS and SS / PBCH blocks when the downlink CSI-RS and SS / PBCH blocks are spatially QCLed and the resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside the PRBs configured for the SS / PBCH blocks.

[0150] Downlink DMRS can be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE for channel estimation. For example, downlink DMRS can be used for consistent demodulation of one or more downlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH). The NR network can support one or more variable and / or configurable DMRS patterns for data demodulation. At least one downlink DMRS configuration can support a frontload DMRS pattern. The frontload DMRS can be mapped on one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). The base station can semi-statically configure the UE with the number (e.g., maximum number) of frontload DMRS symbols for PDSCH. The DMRS configuration can support one or more DMRS ports. For example, for single-user MIMO, the DMRS configuration can support up to eight orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. For multi-user MIMO, the DMRS configuration can support up to 4 orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. The radio network may support a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink (e.g., at least for CP-OFDM), where the DMRS position, DMRS pattern, and / or scrambling sequence may be the same or different. The base station may transmit the downlink DMRS and the corresponding PDSCH using the same precoding matrix. The UE may use the one or more downlink DMRSs to perform consistent demodulation / channel estimation on the PDSCH.

[0151] In an example, a transmitter (e.g., a base station) may use a precoder matrix for a portion of the transmission bandwidth. For example, the transmitter may use a first precoder matrix for a first bandwidth and a second precoder matrix for a second bandwidth. The first precoder matrix and the second precoder matrix may be different based on the first bandwidth being different from the second bandwidth. The UE may assume that the same precoding matrix is ​​used across a set of PRBs. The set of PRBs may be denoted as a precoding resource block group (PRG).

[0152] The PDSCH may include one or more layers. The UE may assume that at least one symbol with DMRS is present on a layer in the one or more layers of the PDSCH. Higher layers may configure up to three DMRS for the PDSCH.

[0153] The downlink PT-RS may be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE for phase noise compensation. The presence or absence of the downlink PT-RS may depend on the RRC configuration. The presence and / or type of the downlink PT-RS may be configured on a UE-specific basis using a combination of RRC signaling and / or association with one or more parameters that may be indicated by the DCI for other purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)). When configured, the dynamic presence of the downlink PT-RS may be associated with one or more DCI parameters including at least the MCS. NR networks may support multiple PT-RS densities defined in the time / frequency domain. When present, the frequency domain density may be associated with at least one configuration of the scheduled bandwidth. The UE may use the same precoding for both DMRS ports and PT-RS ports. The number of PT-RS ports may be less than the number of DMRS ports in the scheduled resources. The downlink PT-RS may be restricted to the scheduled time / frequency duration of the UE. The downlink PT-RS may be transmitted on a symbol to facilitate phase tracking at the receiver.

[0154] The UE may transmit an uplink DMRS to the base station for channel estimation. For example, the base station may use the uplink DMRS to uniformly demodulate one or more uplink physical channels. For example, the UE may transmit an uplink DMRS with a PUSCH and / or a PUCCH. The uplink DM-RS may span a frequency range similar to the frequency range associated with the corresponding physical channel. The base station may configure the UE with one or more uplink DMRS configurations. At least one DMRS configuration may support a frontload DMRS pattern. The frontload DMRS may be mapped on one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more uplink DMRS may be configured to be transmitted at one or more symbols of the PUSCH and / or PUCCH. The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with the number (e.g., maximum number) of frontload DMRS symbols for the PUSCH and / or PUCCH, and the UE may use the frontload DMRS symbols to schedule single-symbol DMRS and / or double-symbol DMRS. NR networks may support a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink (e.g., for cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM)), where the DMRS position, DMRS pattern, and / or scrambling sequence of the DMRS may be the same or different.

[0155] The PUSCH may include one or more layers, and the UE may transmit at least one symbol having a DMRS present on a layer in the one or more layers of the PUSCH. In an example, a higher layer may configure up to three DMRSs for the PUSCH.

[0156] Depending on the RRC configuration of the UE, the uplink PT-RS (which can be used by the base station for phase tracking and / or phase noise compensation) may or may not be present. The presence and / or type of the uplink PT-RS can be configured based on the UE specific configuration through a combination of RRC signaling and / or one or more parameters indicated by the DCI for other purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)). When configured, the dynamic presence of the uplink PT-RS can be associated with one or more DCI parameters including at least the MCS. The radio network can support multiple uplink PT-RS densities defined in the time / frequency domain. When present, the frequency domain density can be associated with at least one configuration of the scheduled bandwidth. The UE can use the same precoding for DMRS ports and PT-RS ports. The number of PT-RS ports can be less than the number of DMRS ports in the scheduled resources. For example, the uplink PT-RS can be restricted to the scheduled time / frequency duration of the UE.

[0157] The UE may transmit an SRS to the base station for channel state estimation to support uplink channel-dependent scheduling and / or link adaptation. The SRS transmitted by the UE may allow the base station to estimate the uplink channel state at one or more frequencies. The scheduler at the base station may use the estimated uplink channel state to assign one or more resource blocks for uplink PUSCH transmission from the UE. The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more SRS resource sets. For an SRS resource set, the base station may configure the UE with one or more SRS resources. The applicability of the SRS resource set may be configured by a higher layer (e.g., RRC) parameter. For example, when the higher layer parameter indicates beam management, the SRS resources in the one or more SRS resource sets (e.g., having the same / similar time domain behavior, periodic, aperiodic, etc.) may be transmitted at a certain time (e.g., at the same time). The UE may transmit one or more SRS resources in the SRS resource set. The NR network may support aperiodic, periodic, and / or semi-persistent SRS transmission. The UE may transmit SRS resources based on one or more trigger types, wherein the one or more trigger types may include higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) and / or one or more DCI formats. In an example, at least one DCI format may be used for the UE to select at least one configured SRS resource set from one or more configured SRS resource sets. SRS trigger type 0 may refer to SRS triggered based on higher layer signaling. SRS trigger type 1 may refer to SRS triggered based on one or more DCI formats. In an example, when PUSCH and SRS are transmitted in the same time slot, the UE may be configured to transmit SRS after the transmission of PUSCH and the corresponding uplink DMRS.

[0158] The base station can semi-statically configure the UE using one or more SRS configuration parameters indicating at least one of the following: an SRS resource configuration identifier; the number of SRS ports; the time domain behavior of the SRS resource configuration (e.g., an indication of periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS); time slot, mini-slot, and / or subframe level periodicity; time slot of periodic and / or aperiodic SRS resources; the number of OFDM symbols in the SRS resources; the starting OFDM symbol of the SRS resources; the SRS bandwidth; the frequency hopping bandwidth; the cyclic shift; and / or the SRS sequence ID.

[0159] Antenna ports are defined such that the channel over which a symbol on the antenna port is communicated can be inferred from the channel over which another symbol on the same antenna port is communicated. If a first symbol and a second symbol are transmitted on the same antenna port, the receiver can infer the channel (e.g., fading gain, multipath delay, etc.) used to communicate the second symbol on the antenna port from the channel used to communicate the first symbol on the antenna port. If one or more large-scale properties of the channel over which the first symbol on the first antenna port is communicated can be inferred from the channel over which the second symbol on the second antenna port is communicated, the first antenna port and the second antenna port can be referred to as quasi-co-located (QCLed). The one or more large-scale properties may include at least one of the following: delay spread; Doppler spread; Doppler shift; average gain; average delay; and / or spatial receive (Rx) parameters.

[0160] Channels using beamforming require beam management. Beam management can include beam measurement, beam selection, and beam indication. A beam can be associated with one or more reference signals. For example, a beam can be identified by one or more beamforming reference signals. The UE can perform downlink beam measurements and generate beam measurement reports based on downlink reference signals (e.g., channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). After setting up an RRC connection with a base station, the UE can perform a downlink beam measurement procedure.

[0161] Figure 11B An example of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) mapped in the time and frequency domain is shown. Figure 11BThe squares shown in the figure may represent resource blocks (RBs) within the bandwidth of the cell. The base station may transmit one or more RRC messages including CSI-RS resource configuration parameters indicating one or more CSI-RSs. One or more of the following parameters may be configured for the CSI-RS resource configuration via higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC and / or MAC signaling): CSI-RS resource configuration identity, number of CSI-RS ports, CSI-RS configuration (e.g., symbol and resource element (RE) positions in a subframe), CSI-RS subframe configuration (e.g., subframe position, offset, and periodicity in a radio frame), CSI-RS power parameters, CSI-RS sequence parameters, code division multiplexing (CDM) type parameters, frequency density, transmission comb, quasi co-location (QCL) parameters (e.g., QCL-scramblingidentity, crs-portscount, mbsfn-subframeconfiglist, csi-rs-configZPid, qcl-csi-rs-configNZPid), and / or other radio resource parameters.

[0162] Figure 11B The three beams shown may be configured for the UE in a UE-specific configuration. Figure 11B Three beams (beam #1, beam #2, and beam #3) are shown in the figure, and more or fewer beams can be configured. CSI-RS 1101 can be allocated to beam #1, which can be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in the RB of the first symbol. CSI-RS 1102 can be allocated to beam #2, which can be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in the RB of the second symbol. CSI-RS 1103 can be allocated to beam #3, which can be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in the RB of the third symbol. By using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), the base station can use other subcarriers in the same RB (e.g., those subcarriers not used to transmit CSI-RS 1101) to transmit another CSI-RS associated with the beam of another UE. By using time domain multiplexing (TDM), the beam for the UE can be configured so that the beam for the UE uses symbols from the beam of the other UE.

[0163] CSI-RS, such as Figure 11BThose shown in (e.g., CSI-RS 1101, 1102, 1103) can be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE for one or more measurement values. For example, the UE can measure the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the configured CSI-RS resource. The base station can configure the UE with a reporting configuration, and the UE can report the RSRP measurement value to the network (e.g., via one or more base stations) based on the reporting configuration. In the example, the base station can determine one or more transmission configuration indication (TCI) states including multiple reference signals based on the reported measurement results. In the example, the base station can indicate one or more TCI states to the UE (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC CE and / or DCI). The UE can receive a downlink transmission with a receive (Rx) beam determined based on the one or more TCI states. In the example, the UE may or may not have beam correspondence capability. If the UE has beam correspondence capability, the UE can determine the spatial domain filter of the transmit (Tx) beam based on the spatial domain filter of the corresponding Rx beam. If the UE does not have beam-matching capability, the UE may perform an uplink beam selection procedure to determine the spatial domain filter for the Tx beam. The UE may perform the uplink beam selection procedure based on one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resources configured for the UE by the base station. The base station may select and instruct the UE on an uplink beam based on measurements of one or more SRS resources transmitted by the UE.

[0164] In the beam management procedure, the UE may assess (e.g., measure) the channel quality of one or more beam pair links, including the beam pair links of the transmit beam transmitted by the base station and the receive beam received by the UE. Based on the assessment, the UE may transmit a beam measurement report indicating one or more beam pair quality parameters, including, for example, one or more beam identifiers (e.g., beam index, reference signal index, etc.), RSRP, precoding matrix indicator (PMI), channel quality indicator (CQI), and / or rank indicator (RI).

[0165] Figure 12AExamples of three downlink beam management procedures are shown: P1, P2, and P3. Procedure P1 can enable UE measurements of transmit (Tx) beams of a transmit reception point (TRP) (or multiple TRPs), for example to support selection of one or more base station Tx beams and / or UE Rx beams (shown as ovals in the top and bottom rows of P1, respectively). Beamforming at the TRP can include Tx beam sweeping for a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a counterclockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the top rows of P1 and P2). Beamforming at the UE can include Rx beam sweeping for a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a clockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the bottom rows of P1 and P3). Procedure P2 can be used to enable UE measurements of Tx beams of the TRPs (shown as ovals rotating in a counterclockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the top row of P2). The UE and / or base station may perform procedure P2 using a smaller beam set than the beam set used in procedure P1, or using a narrower beam than the beam used in procedure P1. This may be referred to as beam refinement. The UE may perform procedure P3 for Rx beam determination by using the same Tx beam at the base station and sweeping the Rx beam at the UE.

[0166] Figure 12B Examples of three uplink beam management procedures are shown: U1, U2, and U3. Procedure U1 can be used to enable a base station to perform measurements on a UE's Tx beam, for example, to support selection of one or more UE Tx beams and / or base station Rx beams (shown as ovals in the top and bottom rows of U1, respectively). Beamforming at the UE can include, for example, Rx beam sweeping from a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a clockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the bottom rows of U1 and U3). Beamforming at the base station can include, for example, Rx beam sweeping from a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a counterclockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the top rows of U1 and U2). When the UE uses a fixed Tx beam, procedure U2 can be used to enable the base station to adjust its Rx beam. The UE and / or base station can perform procedure U2 using a smaller beam set than the beam set used in procedure P1, or using a narrower beam than the beam used in procedure P1. This may be referred to as beam refinement. The UE may perform procedure U3 to adjust its Tx beam when the base station uses a fixed Rx beam.

[0167] The UE may initiate a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure based on the detection of a beam failure. The UE may transmit a BFR request (e.g., preamble, UCI, SR, MAC CE, etc.) based on the initiation of the BFR procedure. The UE may detect a beam failure based on a determination that the quality of the beam-pair link of the associated control channel is unsatisfactory (e.g., having an error rate above an error rate threshold, a received signal power below a received signal power threshold, expiration of a timer, etc.).

[0168] The UE may measure the quality of a beam-pair link using one or more reference signals (RS), the one or more reference signals including one or more SS / PBCH blocks, one or more CSI-RS resources and / or one or more demodulation reference signals (DMRS). The quality of a beam-pair link may be based on one or more of the following: a block error rate (BLER), an RSRP value, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) value, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) value and / or a CSI value measured on an RS resource. The base station may indicate that the RS resource is quasi-co-located (QCLed) with one or more DM-RSs of a channel (e.g., a control channel, a shared data channel, etc.). When the channel characteristics (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, spatial Rx parameters, fading, etc.) from the transmission to the UE via the RS resource are similar or identical to the channel characteristics from the transmission to the UE via the channel, the RS resource and the one or more DMRSs of the channel may be QCLed.

[0169] The network (e.g., gNB and / or ng-eNB of the network) and / or the UE may initiate a random access procedure. A UE in RRC_IDLE state and / or RRC_INACTIVE state may initiate a random access procedure to request connection setup to the network. The UE may initiate a random access procedure from the RRC_CONNECTED state. The UE may initiate a random access procedure to request uplink resources (e.g., uplink transmission for SR when there are no available PUCCH resources) and / or to obtain uplink timing (e.g., when the uplink synchronization state is not synchronized). The UE may initiate a random access procedure to request one or more system information blocks (SIBs) (e.g., other system information, such as SIB2, SIB3, etc.). The UE may initiate a random access procedure for a beam failure recovery request. The network may initiate a random access procedure for handover and / or for establishing timing alignment for SCell addition.

[0170] Figure 13A A four-step contention-based random access procedure is shown. Before initiating the procedure, the base station may transmit a configuration message 1310 to the UE. Figure 13AThe procedure shown includes the transmission of four messages: Msg 1 1311, Msg 2 1312, Msg 3 1313, and Msg 4 1314. Msg 1 1311 may include and / or be referred to as a preamble (or random access preamble). Msg 2 1312 may include and / or be referred to as a random access response (RAR).

[0171] The configuration message 1310 may be transmitted, for example, using one or more RRC messages. The one or more RRC messages may indicate one or more random access channel (RACH) parameters to the UE. The one or more RACH parameters may include at least one of the following: general parameters for one or more random access procedures (e.g., RACH-configGeneral); cell-specific parameters (e.g., RACH-ConfigCommon); and / or dedicated parameters (e.g., RACH-configDedicated). The base station may broadcast or multicast the one or more RRC messages to one or more UEs. The one or more RRC messages may be UE-specific (e.g., dedicated RRC messages transmitted to the UE in the RRC_CONNECTED state and / or the RRC_INACTIVE state). The UE may determine the time-frequency resources and / or uplink transmission power for transmitting Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313 based on the one or more RACH parameters. Based on the one or more RACH parameters, the UE may determine the reception timing and downlink channel for receiving Msg 2 1312 and Msg 4 1314.

[0172] The one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310 may indicate one or more physical RACH (PRACH) opportunities that may be used to transmit Msg 11311. The one or more PRACH opportunities may be predefined. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate one or more available sets of one or more PRACH opportunities (e.g., prach-ConfigIndex). The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association between: (a) one or more PRACH opportunities, and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association between: (a) one or more preambles, and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more reference signals may be SS / PBCH blocks and / or CSI-RS. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate the number of SS / PBCH blocks mapped to the PRACH opportunity and / or the number of preambles mapped to the SS / PBCH block.

[0173] The one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310 may be used to determine the uplink transmission power of Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate a reference power for preamble transmission (e.g., a received target power and / or an initial power for preamble transmission). One or more power offsets may be present as indicated by the one or more RACH parameters. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate: a power ramp step size; a power offset between an SSB and a CSI-RS; a power offset between transmissions of Msg 1 1311 and Msg 3 1313; and / or a power offset value between preamble groups. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate one or more thresholds based on which the UE may determine at least one reference signal (e.g., an SSB and / or a CSI-RS) and / or an uplink carrier (e.g., a normal uplink (NUL) carrier and / or a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier).

[0174] Msg 1 1311 may include one or more preamble transmissions (e.g., a preamble transmission and one or more preamble retransmissions). The RRC message may be used to configure one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and / or group B). A preamble group may include one or more preambles. The UE may determine the preamble group based on the path loss measurement value and / or the size of Msg 3 1313. The UE may measure the RSRP of one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) and determine at least one reference signal having an RSRP greater than an RSRP threshold (e.g., rsrp-ThresholdSSB and / or rsrp-ThresholdCSI-RS). For example, if the association between the one or more preambles and the at least one reference signal is configured by the RRC message, the UE may select at least one preamble associated with the one or more reference signals and / or the selected preamble group.

[0175] The UE may determine the preamble based on the one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310. For example, the UE may determine the preamble based on a path loss measurement, an RSRP measurement, and / or the size of Msg 3 1313. As another example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate: a preamble format; a maximum number of preamble transmissions; and / or one or more thresholds for determining one or more preamble groups (e.g., Group A and Group B). The base station may use the one or more RACH parameters to configure an association between one or more preambles and one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) for the UE. If the association is configured, the UE may determine the preamble included in Msg 1 1311 based on the association. Msg 1 1311 may be transmitted to the base station via one or more PRACH opportunities. The UE may use one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) to select a preamble and to determine a PRACH opportunity. One or more RACH parameters (eg, ra-ssb-OccasionMskIndex and / or ra-OccasionList) may indicate an association between a PRACH opportunity and the one or more reference signals.

[0176] If no response is received after the preamble transmission, the UE may perform a preamble retransmission. The UE may increase the uplink transmission power for the preamble retransmission. The UE may select the initial preamble transmission power based on the path loss measurement and / or the target received preamble power configured by the network. The UE may determine to retransmit the preamble and may ramp up the uplink transmission power. The UE may receive one or more RACH parameters (e.g., PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP) indicating the ramp-up step size for preamble retransmission. The ramp-up step size may be the amount of incremental increase in the uplink transmission power for retransmission. If the UE determines the same reference signal (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) as the previous preamble transmission, the UE may ramp up the uplink transmission power. The UE may count the number of preamble transmissions and / or retransmissions (e.g., PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER). For example, if the number of preamble transmissions exceeds a threshold (eg, preambleTransMax) configured by the one or more RACH parameters, the UE may determine that the random access procedure is not successfully completed.

[0177] Msg 2 1312 received by the UE may include a RAR. In some scenarios, Msg 2 1312 may include multiple RARs corresponding to multiple UEs. Msg 2 1312 may be received after or in response to the transmission of Msg 1 1311. Msg 2 1312 may be scheduled on the DL-SCH and indicated on the PDCCH using a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI). Msg 2 1312 may indicate that Msg 1 1311 was received by the base station. Msg 2 1312 may include a time alignment command, which may be used by the UE to adjust the UE's transmission timing, a scheduling grant for transmitting Msg 3 1313, and / or a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI). After transmitting the preamble, the UE may initiate a time window (e.g., a RA-ResponseWindow) to monitor the PDCCH for Msg 2 1312. The UE may determine when to initiate the time window based on the PRACH opportunity used by the UE to transmit the preamble. For example, the UE may start a time window of one or more symbols after the last symbol of the preamble (e.g., at the first PDCCH opportunity starting from the end of the preamble transmission). The one or more symbols may be determined based on a parameter set. The PDCCH may be in a common search space (e.g., Type1-PDCCH common search space) configured by an RRC message. The UE may identify the RAR based on a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI). The RNTI may be used depending on one or more events for initiating a random access procedure. The UE may use a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI). The RA-RNTI may be associated with the PRACH opportunity in which the UE transmits the preamble. For example, the UE may determine the RA-RNTI based on: an OFDM symbol index; a time slot index; a frequency domain index; and / or a UL carrier indicator of a PRACH opportunity. Examples of RA-RNTI may be as follows:

[0178] RA-RNTI=1+s_id+14×t_id+14×80×f_id+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id,

[0179] Where s_id may be the index of the first OFDM symbol of the PRACH opportunity (e.g., 0≤s_id<14), t_id may be the index of the first time slot of the PRACH opportunity in the system frame (e.g., 0≤t_id<80), f_id may be the index of the PRACH opportunity in the frequency domain (e.g., 0≤f_id<8), and ul_carrier_id may be the UL carrier used for preamble transmission (e.g., 0 for NUL carrier and 1 for SUL carrier).

[0180] The UE may transmit Msg3 1313 in response to successfully receiving Msg 2 1312 (e.g., using the resources identified in Msg 2 1312). Msg 3 1313 may be used, for example, Figure 13A 1314 ). Contention resolution in the contention-based random access procedure shown in . In some scenarios, multiple UEs may transmit the same preamble to the base station, and the base station may provide RARs corresponding to the UEs. If the multiple UEs interpret the RARs as corresponding to themselves, a collision may occur. Contention resolution (e.g., using Msg 3 1313 and Msg 4 1314) may be used to increase the likelihood that a UE does not mistakenly use the identity of another UE. To perform contention resolution, the UE may include a device identifier in Msg 3 1313 (e.g., if a C-RNTI is assigned, the TC-RNTI included in Msg 2 1312 and / or any other suitable identifier).

[0181] Msg 4 1314 may be received after or in response to the transmission of Msg 3 1313. If a C-RNTI is included in Msg 3 1313, the base station will use the C-RNTI to address the UE on the PDCCH. If the UE's unique C-RNTI is detected on the PDCCH, it is determined that the random access procedure has been successfully completed. If a TC-RNTI is included in Msg 3 1313 (e.g., if the UE is in the RRC_IDLE state or is not otherwise connected to the base station), Msg 4 1314 will be received using the DL-SCH associated with the TC-RNTI. If the MAC PDU is successfully decoded and the MAC PDU includes a UE contention resolution identity MAC CE that matches or corresponds to the CCCH SDU sent (e.g., transmitted) in Msg 3 1313, the UE may determine that contention resolution is successful and / or the UE may determine that the random access procedure has been successfully completed.

[0182] The UE may be configured with a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier and a normal uplink (NUL) carrier. Initial access (e.g., a random access procedure) may be supported in the uplink carrier. For example, the base station may configure two separate RACH configurations for the UE: one for the SUL carrier and the other for the NUL carrier. For random access in a cell configured with a SUL carrier, the network may indicate which carrier (NUL or SUL) to use. For example, if the measured quality of one or more reference signals is below a broadcast threshold, the UE may determine the SUL carrier. The uplink transmissions for the random access procedure (e.g., Msg1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313) may remain on the selected carrier. In one or more cases, the UE may switch uplink carriers during the random access procedure (e.g., between Msg 1 1311 and Msg 3 1313). For example, the UE may determine and / or switch an uplink carrier for Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313 based on channel clarity assessment (eg, listen before talk).

[0183] Figure 13B The two-step contention-free random access procedure is shown. Figure 13A Similar to the four-step contention-based random access procedure shown, the base station may transmit a configuration message 1320 to the UE before the procedure is initiated. The configuration message 1320 may be similar to the configuration message 1310 in some aspects. Figure 13B The procedure shown includes the transmission of two messages: Msg 1 1321 and Msg 2 1322. Msg 1 1321 and Msg 2 1322 may be similar in some respects to Figure 13A As shown in Msg 1 1311 and Msg 2 1312. Figure 13A and Figure 13B It will be appreciated that the contention-free random access procedure may not include messages similar to Msg 3 1313 and / or Msg 4 1314 .

[0184] Can be initiated for beam failure recovery, other SI requests, SCell addition and / or handover Figure 13B For example, the base station may indicate or assign a preamble to be used for Msg 1 1321 to the UE. The UE may receive an indication of the preamble (eg, ra-PreambleIndex) from the base station via PDCCH and / or RRC.

[0185] After transmitting the preamble, the UE may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor the PDCCH for RAR. In the case of a beam failure recovery request, the base station may configure the UE with a separate time window and / or a separate PDCCH in the search space indicated by the RRC message (e.g., recoverySearchSpaceId). The UE may monitor PDCCH transmissions addressed to the Cell RNTI (C-RNTI) on the search space. Figure 13B In the illustrated contention-free random access procedure, the UE may determine that the random access procedure has been successfully completed after or in response to the transmission of Msg 1 1321 and the reception of the corresponding Msg 2 1322. For example, if the PDCCH transmission is addressed to the C-RNTI, the UE may determine that the random access procedure has been successfully completed. For example, if the UE receives a RAR including a preamble identifier corresponding to a preamble transmitted by the UE and / or the RAR includes a MAC sub-PDU with the preamble identifier, the UE may determine that the random access procedure has been successfully completed. The UE may determine that the response is an indication of confirmation of the SI request.

[0186] Figure 13C Another two-step random access procedure is shown. Figure 13A and Figure 13B Similar to the random access procedure shown, the base station may transmit a configuration message 1330 to the UE before the procedure is initiated. Configuration message 1330 may be similar to configuration message 1310 and / or configuration message 1320 in some aspects. Figure 13C The procedure shown includes the transmission of two messages: Msg A 1331 and Msg B 1332.

[0187] Msg A 1331 may be transmitted by the UE in an uplink transmission. Msg A 1331 may include one or more transmissions of a preamble 1341 and / or one or more transmissions of a transport block 1342. Transport block 1342 may include Figure 13A The content of Msg 3 1313 shown in FIG. 1342 may include UCI (e.g., SR, HARQ ACK / NACK, etc.). The UE may receive Msg B 1332 after or in response to the transmission of Msg A 1331. Msg B 1332 may include the content of Figure 13A and Figure 13B Msg 2 1312 (eg, RAR) and / or Figure 13A The content of Msg 4 1314 is similar and / or identical to that of Msg 4 1314 shown.

[0188] The UE can initiate a call for licensed spectrum and / or unlicensed spectrum. Figure 13C The UE may determine whether to initiate a two-step random access procedure based on one or more factors. The one or more factors may include: the radio access technology being used (e.g., LTE, NR, etc.); whether the UE has a valid TA; the cell size; the RRC state of the UE; the type of spectrum (e.g., licensed vs. unlicensed); and / or any other suitable factors.

[0189] The UE may determine the radio resources and / or uplink transmission power of the preamble 1341 and / or transport block 1342 included in Msg A 1331 based on the two-step RACH parameters included in the configuration message 1330. The RACH parameters may indicate the modulation and coding scheme (MCS), time-frequency resources, and / or power control of the preamble 1341 and / or transport block 1342. The time-frequency resources (e.g., PRACH) used for transmission of the preamble 1341 and the time-frequency resources (e.g., PUSCH) used for transmission of the transport block 1342 may be multiplexed using FDM, TDM, and / or CDM. The RACH parameters may enable the UE to determine the reception timing and downlink channel used for monitoring and / or receiving Msg B 1332.

[0190] Transport block 1342 may include data (e.g., delay-sensitive data), an identifier of the UE, security information, and / or device information (e.g., an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)). The base station may transmit Msg B 1332 in response to Msg A 1331. Msg B 1332 may include at least one of the following: a preamble identifier; a timing high-level command; a power control command; an uplink grant (e.g., a radio resource assignment and / or MCS); a UE identifier for contention resolution; and / or an RNTI (e.g., a C-RNTI or TC-RNTI). The UE may determine that the two-step random access procedure is successfully completed if: the preamble identifier in Msg B 1332 matches the preamble transmitted by the UE; and / or the UE identifier in Msg B 1332 matches the UE identifier in Msg A 1331 (e.g., transport block 1342).

[0191] The UE and the base station may exchange control signaling. The control signaling may be referred to as L1 / L2 control signaling and may originate from the PHY layer (e.g., Layer 1) and / or the MAC layer (e.g., Layer 2). The control signaling may include downlink control signaling transmitted from the base station to the UE and / or uplink control signaling transmitted from the UE to the base station.

[0192] Downlink control signaling may include: downlink scheduling assignments; uplink scheduling grants indicating uplink radio resources and / or transport formats; time slot format information; preemption indications; power control commands; and / or any other suitable signaling. The UE may receive downlink control signaling in a payload transmitted by the base station on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The payload transmitted on the PDCCH may be referred to as downlink control information (DCI). In some scenarios, the PDCCH may be a group common PDCCH (GC-PDCCH) common to a group of UEs.

[0193] The base station may attach one or more cyclic redundancy check (CRC) parity bits to the DCI to facilitate detection of transmission errors. When the DCI is intended for a UE (or a group of UEs), the base station may scramble the CRC parity bits with an identifier for the UE (or an identifier for the group of UEs). Scrambling the CRC parity bits with the identifier may include a Modulo-2 addition (or an exclusive OR operation) of the identifier value and the CRC parity bits. The identifier may include a 16-bit value of a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI).

[0194] DCI can be used for different purposes. The purpose can be indicated by the type of RNTI used to scramble the CRC parity bits. For example, a DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a paging RNTI (P-RNTI) can indicate paging information and / or system information change notification. The P-RNTI can be predefined as "FFFE" in hexadecimal. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI) can indicate a broadcast transmission of system information. The SI-RNTI can be predefined as "FFFF" in hexadecimal. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI) can indicate a random access response (RAR). A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a cell RNTI (C-RNTI) can indicate a dynamically scheduled unicast transmission and / or a triggering of a PDCCH ordered random access. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI) can indicate contention resolution (e.g., similar to Figure 13AThe other RNTIs configured by the base station to the UE may include: a configured scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI), a transmit power control PUCCH RNTI (TPC-PUCCH-RNTI), a transmit power control PUSCH RNTI (TPC-PUSCH-RNTI), a transmit power control SRS RNTI (TPC-SRS-RNTI), an interruption RNTI (INT-RNTI), a slot format indication RNTI (SFI-RNTI), a semi-persistent CSI RNTI (SP-CSI-RNTI), a modulation and coding scheme cell RNTI (MCS-C-RNTI), etc.

[0195] Depending on the purpose and / or content of the DCI, the base station may transmit DCI with one or more DCI formats. For example, DCI format 0_0 may be used for scheduling PUSCH in a cell. DCI format 0_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g., having a compact DCI payload). DCI format 0_1 ​​may be used for scheduling PUSCH in a cell (e.g., having a larger DCI payload than DCI format 0_0). DCI format 1_0 may be used for scheduling PDSCH in a cell. DCI format 1_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g., having a compact DCI payload). DCI format 1_1 may be used for scheduling PDSCH in a cell (e.g., having a larger DCI payload than DCI format 1_0). DCI format 2_0 may be used to provide a slot format indication to a UE group. DCI format 2_1 may be used to notify a UE group of physical resource blocks and / or OFDM symbols, where the UE may assume that no transmission to the UE is expected. DCI format 2_2 may be used to transmit a transmit power control (TPC) command for PUCCH or PUSCH. DCI formats 2_3 can be used to transmit a set of TPC commands for SRS transmission by one or more UEs. DCI formats for new functions may be defined in future releases. DCI formats can have different DCI sizes or can share the same DCI size.

[0196] After scrambling the DCI with the RNTI, the base station can process the DCI with channel coding (e.g., polarity coding), rate matching, scrambling and / or QPSK modulation. The base station can map the coded and modulated DCI on resource elements used for and / or configured for PDCCH. Based on the payload size of the DCI and / or the coverage of the base station, the base station can transmit the DCI via a PDCCH occupying multiple consecutive control channel elements (CCEs). The number of consecutive CCEs (referred to as the aggregation level) can be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and / or any other suitable number. CCE may include the number of resource element groups (REGs) (e.g., 6). REG may include a resource block in an OFDM symbol. The mapping of the coded and modulated DCI on the resource elements can be based on the mapping of CCEs and REGs (e.g., CCE to REG mapping).

[0197] Figure 14A An example of a CORESET configuration for a bandwidth portion is shown. The base station may transmit DCI via PDCCH on one or more control resource sets (CORESETs). A CORESET may include time-frequency resources in which the UE attempts to decode the DCI using one or more search spaces. The base station may configure the CORESET in the time-frequency domain. Figure 14A In the example shown in FIG1 , first CORESET 1401 and second CORESET 1402 appear at the first symbol in a time slot. First CORESET 1401 overlaps with second CORESET 1402 in the frequency domain. Third CORESET 1403 appears at the third symbol in a time slot. Fourth CORESET 1404 appears at the seventh symbol in a time slot. CORESETs can have different numbers of resource blocks in the frequency domain.

[0198] Figure 14B An example of CCE to REG mapping for DCI transmission on a CORESET and PDCCH processing is shown. The CCE to REG mapping can be an interleaved mapping (e.g., for the purpose of providing frequency diversity) or a non-interleaved mapping (e.g., for the purpose of facilitating interference coordination and / or frequency selective transmission of control channels). The base station can perform different or the same CCE to REG mapping for different CORESETs. A CORESET can be associated with the CCE to REG mapping through RRC configuration. A CORESET can be configured with an antenna port quasi-co-location (QCL) parameter. The antenna port QCL parameter can indicate the QCL information of the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for PDCCH reception in the CORESET.

[0199] The base station may transmit an RRC message including configuration parameters of one or more CORESETs and one or more search space sets to the UE. The configuration parameters may indicate the association between the search space set and the CORESET. The search space set may include a set of PDCCH candidates formed by CCEs at a given aggregation level. The configuration parameters may indicate: the number of PDCCH candidates to be monitored per aggregation level; the PDCCH monitoring period and the PDCCH monitoring pattern; one or more DCI formats to be monitored by the UE; and / or whether the search space set is a common search space set or a UE-specific search space set. The set of CCEs in the common search space set may be predefined and known to the UE. The set of CCEs in the UE-specific search space set may be configured based on the identity of the UE (e.g., C-RNTI).

[0200] like Figure 14B As shown, the UE may determine the time-frequency resources of the CORESET based on the RRC message. The UE may determine the CCE to REG mapping of the CORESET based on the configuration parameters of the CORESET (e.g., interleaving or non-interleaving and / or mapping parameters). The UE may determine the number of search space sets configured on the CORESET based on the RRC message (e.g., up to 10). The UE may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates based on the configuration parameters of the search space set. The UE may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates in one or more CORESETs for detecting one or more DCIs. Monitoring may include decoding one or more PDCCH candidates in the set of PDCCH candidates based on the monitored DCI format. Monitoring may include decoding DCI content of one or more PDCCH candidates, which has possible (or configured) PDCCH positions, possible (or configured) PDCCH formats (e.g., the number of CCEs, the number of PDCCH candidates in the common search space, and / or the number of PDCCH candidates in the UE-specific search space), and possible (or configured) DCI formats. Decoding may be referred to as blind decoding. The UE may determine that the DCI is valid for the UE in response to a CRC check (e.g., scrambled bits of the CRC parity bits of the DCI matching the RNTI value). The UE may process the information contained in the DCI (e.g., scheduling assignments, uplink grants, power control, slot format indication, downlink preemption, etc.).

[0201] The UE may transmit uplink control signaling (e.g., uplink control information (UCI)) to the base station. The uplink control signaling transmission may include a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment for the received DL-SCH transport block. The UE may transmit the HARQ acknowledgment after receiving the DL-SCH transport block. The uplink control signaling may include channel state information (CSI) indicating the channel quality of the physical downlink channel. The UE may transmit the CSI to the base station. Based on the received CSI, the base station may determine the transport format parameters for downlink transmission (e.g., including multiple antennas and beamforming schemes). The uplink control signaling may include a scheduling request (SR). The UE may transmit the SR indicating that uplink data is available for transmission to the base station. The UE may transmit UCI (e.g., HARQ acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK), CSI report, SR, etc.) via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The UE may transmit uplink control signaling via the PUCCH using one of several PUCCH formats.

[0202] There may be five PUCCH formats, and the UE may determine the PUCCH format based on the size of the UCI (e.g., the number of uplink symbols for the UCI transmission and the number of UCI bits). PUCCH format 0 may have a length of one or two OFDM symbols and may include two or fewer bits. If the transmission exceeds one or two symbols and the number of HARQ-ACK information bits (HARQ-ACK / SR bits) with positive or negative SR is one or two, the wireless device may use PUCCH format 0 to transmit UCI in the PUCCH resource. PUCCH format 1 may occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include two or fewer bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted and the number of HARQ-ACK / SR bits is one or two, the UE may use PUCCH format 1. PUCCH format 2 may occupy one or two OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. If the transmission exceeds one or two symbols and the number of UCI bits is two or more, the UE may use PUCCH format 2. PUCCH format 3 may occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted, the number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resources do not include orthogonal cover codes, the UE may use PUCCH format 3. PUCCH format 4 may occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted, the number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resources include orthogonal cover codes, the UE may use PUCCH format 4.

[0203] The base station may transmit configuration parameters of multiple PUCCH resource sets to the UE using, for example, an RRC message. The multiple PUCCH resource sets (e.g., up to four sets) may be configured on the uplink BWP of the cell. The PUCCH resource set may be configured with: a PUCCH resource set index; multiple PUCCH resources having PUCCH resources identified by a PUCCH resource identifier (e.g., pucch-Resourceid); and / or multiple (e.g., maximum number) UCI ​​information bits that the UE may transmit using one of the multiple PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. When multiple PUCCH resource sets are configured, the UE may select one of the multiple PUCCH resource sets (e.g., HARQ-ACK, SR, and / or CSI) based on the total bit length of the UCI information bits. If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is two or less, the UE may select the first PUCCH resource set with a PUCCH resource set index equal to "0". If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is greater than two and less than or equal to the first configured value, the UE may select a second PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to "1". If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is greater than the first configured value and less than or equal to the second configured value, the UE may select a third PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to "2". If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is greater than the second configured value and less than or equal to a third value (e.g., 1406), the UE may select a fourth PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to "3".

[0204] After determining a PUCCH resource set from a plurality of PUCCH resource sets, the UE may determine the PUCCH resources for UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and / or SR) transmission from the PUCCH resource set. The UE may determine the PUCCH resources based on a PUCCH resource indicator in a DCI received on a PDCCH (e.g., a DCI format 1_0 or a DCI for 1_1). The three-bit PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI may indicate one of eight PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. Based on the PUCCH resource indicator, the UE may use the PUCCH resource indicated by the PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI to transmit UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and / or SR).

[0205] Figure 15 An example of a wireless device 1502 in communication with a base station 1504 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 may be part of a mobile communication network, such as Figure 1A The mobile communication network 100 shown, Figure 1B The mobile communication network 150 shown or any other communication network. Figure 15 Only one wireless device 1502 and one base station 1504 are shown in FIG. 1 , but it should be understood that a mobile communication network may include more than one UE and / or more than one base station having the same Figure 15 The same or similar configurations as those shown.

[0206] Base station 1504 can connect wireless device 1502 to a core network (not shown) via radio communication over an air interface (or radio interface) 1506. The direction of communication from base station 1504 to wireless device 1502 over air interface 1506 is referred to as downlink, while the direction of communication from wireless device 1502 to base station 1504 over the air interface is referred to as uplink. Downlink transmissions can be separated from uplink transmissions using FDD, TDD, and / or some combination of the two duplexing techniques.

[0207] In the downlink, data to be transmitted from base station 1504 to wireless device 1502 may be provided to processing system 1508 of base station 1504. The data may be provided to processing system 1508 via, for example, a core network. In the uplink, data to be transmitted from wireless device 1502 to base station 1504 may be provided to processing system 1518 of wireless device 1502. Processing system 1508 and processing system 1518 may implement layer 3 and layer 2 OSI functions to process data for transmission. Layer 2 may include, for example, information about Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4A The 3 layers include the SDAP layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer and MAC layer. Figure 2B RRC layer.

[0208] After processing by processing system 1508, data to be transmitted to wireless device 1502 may be provided to transmission processing system 1510 of base station 1504. Similarly, after processing by processing system 1518, data to be transmitted to base station 1504 may be provided to transmission processing system 1520 of wireless device 1502. Transmission processing system 1510 and transmission processing system 1520 may implement layer 1 OSI functions. Layer 1 may include information about Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4A For transmission processing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, forward error correction coding of transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping of transport channels to physical channels, modulation of physical channels, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or multi-antenna processing, and the like.

[0209] At base station 1504, receive processing system 1512 may receive uplink transmissions from wireless device 1502. At wireless device 1502, receive processing system 1522 may receive downlink transmissions from base station 1504. Receive processing system 1512 and receive processing system 1522 may implement layer 1 OSI functionality. Layer 1 may include information about Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4A For receive processing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, error detection, forward error correction decoding, deinterleaving, demapping of transport channels to physical channels, demodulation of physical channels, MIMO or multi-antenna processing, and the like.

[0210] like Figure 15 As shown, wireless device 1502 and base station 1504 may include multiple antennas. The multiple antennas may be used to implement one or more MIMO or multi-antenna techniques, such as spatial multiplexing (e.g., single-user MIMO or multi-user MIMO), transmit / receive diversity, and / or beamforming. In other examples, wireless device 1502 and / or base station 1504 may have a single antenna.

[0211] Processing system 1508 and processing system 1518 may be associated with memory 1514 and memory 1524, respectively. Memory 1514 and memory 1524 (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer-readable media) may store computer program instructions or code that may be executed by processing system 1508 and / or processing system 1518 to perform one or more of the functions discussed herein. Figure 15 Not shown, transmit processing system 1510, transmit processing system 1520, receive processing system 1512, and / or receive processing system 1522 may be coupled to a memory (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer-readable media) storing computer program instructions or code that may be executed to perform one or more of their respective functions.

[0212] The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may include one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. The one or more controllers and / or one or more processors may include, for example, a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and / or other programmable logic device, discrete gate and / or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, onboard units, or any combination thereof. The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may perform at least one of signal encoding / processing, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that may enable the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 to operate in a wireless environment.

[0213] The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 can be connected to one or more peripheral devices 1516 and one or more peripheral devices 1526, respectively. The one or more peripheral devices 1516 and the one or more peripheral devices 1526 can include software and / or hardware that provides features and / or functionality, such as a speaker, a microphone, a keyboard, a display, a touchpad, a power supply, a satellite transceiver, a universal serial bus (USB) port, a hands-free headset, a frequency modulation (FM) radio unit, a media player, an Internet browser, an electronic control unit (e.g., for a motor vehicle), and / or one or more sensors (e.g., an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a camera, etc.). The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 can receive user input data from the one or more peripheral devices 1516 and / or the one or more peripheral devices 1526 and / or provide user output data to the one or more peripheral devices. The processing system 1518 in the wireless device 1502 can receive power from a power source and / or can be configured to distribute power to other components in the wireless device 1502. The power source can include one or more power sources, such as batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, or any combination thereof. The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 can be connected to the GPS chipset 1517 and the GPS chipset 1527, respectively. The GPS chipset 1517 and the GPS chipset 1527 can be configured to provide geographic location information of the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504, respectively.

[0214] Figure 16AAn exemplary structure for uplink transmission is shown. The baseband signal representing the physical uplink shared channel can perform one or more functions. The one or more functions may include at least one of the following: scrambling; modulating scrambled bits to generate complex-valued symbols; mapping complex-valued modulated symbols to one or several transmission layers; transform precoding to generate complex-valued symbols; precoding of complex-valued symbols; mapping of precoded complex-valued symbols to resource elements; generating complex-valued time-domain single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) or CP-OFDM signals for antenna ports; and the like. In the example, when transform precoding is enabled, an SC-FDMA signal for uplink transmission can be generated. In the example, when transform precoding is not enabled, the uplink transmission can be performed by Figure 16A Generates a CP-OFDM signal for uplink transmission. These functions are shown as examples, and it is contemplated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.

[0215] Figure 16B An exemplary structure for modulation and up-conversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency is shown. The baseband signal can be a complex-valued SC-FDMA or CP-OFDM baseband signal for an antenna port and / or a complex-valued physical random access channel (PRACH) baseband signal. Filtering can be employed prior to transmission.

[0216] Figure 16C An exemplary structure for downlink transmission is shown. The baseband signal representing the physical downlink channel can perform one or more functions. These one or more functions may include: scrambling coded bits in a codeword to be transmitted on the physical channel; modulating the scrambled bits to generate complex-valued modulation symbols; mapping the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or more transmission layers; precoding the complex-valued modulation symbols on the layers for transmission on the antenna ports; mapping the complex-valued modulation symbols for the antenna ports to resource elements; generating a complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for the antenna ports; and so on. These functions are shown as examples, and it is contemplated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.

[0217] Figure 16D Another exemplary structure for modulation and up-conversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency is shown. The baseband signal can be a complex-valued OFDM baseband signal at the antenna port. Filtering can be applied before transmission.

[0218] A wireless device may receive one or more messages (e.g., RRC messages) from a base station including configuration parameters for multiple cells (e.g., a primary cell, a secondary cell). The wireless device may communicate with at least one base station (e.g., two or more base stations in dual connectivity) via the multiple cells. The one or more messages (e.g., as part of the configuration parameters) may include parameters for configuring the wireless device at the physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PCDP layer, SDAP layer, or RRC layer. For example, the configuration parameters may include parameters for configuring physical layer and MAC layer channels, bearers, etc. For example, the configuration parameters may include parameters indicating values ​​of timers for the physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PCDP layer, SDAP layer, RRC layer, and / or communication channels.

[0219] Once started, a timer can begin running and continue running until it is stopped or expires. If a timer is not running, it can be started, or if it is running, it can be restarted. A timer can be associated with a value (e.g., a timer can start or restart at a certain value, or can start at zero and expire once it reaches that value). The duration of a timer may not be updated until the timer is stopped or expires (e.g., due to a BWP switch). A timer can be used to measure a time period / window in a measurement procedure. When the description refers to implementations and procedures related to one or more timers, it should be understood that there are various ways to implement the one or more timers. For example, it should be understood that one or more of these various ways of implementing a timer can be used to measure a time period / window in a measurement procedure. For example, a random access response window timer can be used to measure the time window for receiving a random access response. In an example, instead of the start and expiration of the random access response window timer, the time difference between two timestamps can be used. When the timer is restarted, the time window measurement procedure can be restarted. Other exemplary implementations for restarting the time window measurement can be provided.

[0220] In an example, a wireless device may be capable of simultaneously tracking / measuring multiple path loss reference signals (RSs). In an example, the number may be fixed / preconfigured / predefined (e.g., three, four, eight, sixteen, etc.). In an example, the wireless device may transmit UE capability information indicating the number to a base station. The wireless device may receive one or more configuration parameters from the base station indicating one or more path loss reference RSs to be used for path loss estimation of uplink channels (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH).

[0221] In an example, the first number of one or more path loss reference RSs may be equal to or less than (or less than) the number (e.g., in the UE capability information). The wireless device may simultaneously track / measure the one or more path loss reference RSs based on the first number being equal to or less than the number. For example, when the number is four, the wireless device may simultaneously track / measure up to four path loss reference RSs. When the first number is four, the one or more path loss reference RSs may include path loss reference RS0 (PL-RS0), PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, and PL-RS 3. In an existing system, when the wireless device determines to report a power headroom report (e.g., a type 1 power headroom report), the wireless device may calculate the power headroom report based on a path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 0) having a path loss reference index equal to zero among the one or more path loss reference RSs.

[0222] In an example, a first number equal to or less than this number may not be efficient. For example, when the wireless device is not stationary, the base station may frequently transmit configuration parameters (e.g., RRC parameters) indicating another path loss reference RS (e.g., pointing in the direction of the wireless device for accurate path loss estimation). This may result in signaling overhead and increased power consumption.

[0223] In an example, the first number of one or more path loss reference RSs indicated by one or more configuration parameters may be greater than the number (e.g., in the UE capability information). The one or more configuration parameters may include a path loss reference signal update parameter. The path loss reference signal update parameter may enable an activation command (e.g., MAC-CE, DCI) to update one or more path loss reference RSs of an uplink channel (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH). The base station may dynamically activate / select / update a subset of path loss reference RSs in the one or more path loss reference RSs via an activation command, for example, based on one or more configuration parameters including the path loss reference signal update parameter. Dynamically activating / selecting / updating a subset of path loss reference RSs in the one or more path loss reference RSs may reduce the frequent transmission of configuration parameters (e.g., RRC parameters), reduce the delay introduced with the transmission of configuration parameters (e.g., RRC parameters), and adapt to the faster speed of the mobile wireless device. For example, when the number is four, the wireless device may track / measure up to four path loss reference RSs simultaneously. When the first number is six, the one or more path loss reference RSs may include PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, PL-RS 3, PL-RS 4, and PL-RS 5.

[0224] A wireless device may receive an activation command that activates / selects / updates a subset of path loss reference RSs from one or more path loss reference RSs, for example, based on one or more configuration parameters including a path loss reference signal update parameter. The subset of path loss reference RSs may, for example, include PL-RS 1, PL-RS 3, PL-RS 4, and PL-RS 5. When the wireless device determines to report a power headroom report (e.g., a Type 1 power headroom report), in prior art embodiments, the wireless device may calculate the power headroom report based on a path loss reference RS with a path loss reference index equal to zero (e.g., PL-RS 0). This may not be efficient when the activation command (e.g., MAC-CE, DCI) may update one or more path loss reference RSs for an uplink channel (or when one or more configuration parameters include a path loss reference signal update parameter). In an example, the subset of path loss reference RSs may not include a path loss reference RS with a path loss reference index equal to zero (e.g., PL-RS 0). Based on a subset of path loss reference RSs that does not include a path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 0), the wireless device may not track / measure the path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 0). Calculating a power headroom report based on a path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 0) that is not measured / tracked by the wireless device may result in inaccurate power headroom reports. Inaccurate power headroom reports may result in inefficient power control mechanisms. In an example, the base station may assign / allocate a lower transmission power (lower than necessary) for uplink transmission of a signal / channel. Transmitting a signal / channel at a lower transmission power may result in lost signal / channel reception, thereby increasing retransmissions of the signal / channel and increasing battery consumption due to the increased retransmissions. In an example, the base station may assign / allocate a higher transmission power (higher than necessary) for uplink transmission of the signal / channel. Transmitting a signal / channel at a higher transmission power may result in increased interference to other cells / wireless devices, thereby reducing their signal quality (e.g., quality of service, received signal power, etc.). When a first number of one or more path loss reference RSs (configured) is greater than the number of path loss reference RSs that the wireless device can simultaneously track / measure (or when one or more configuration parameters include a path loss reference signal update parameter that enables an activation command to update one or more path loss reference RSs of an uplink channel), an enhanced procedure for path loss reference RS determination needs to be implemented.

[0225] When a first number of one or more path loss reference RSs (as configured) is greater than the number of path loss reference RSs that the wireless device can simultaneously track / measure (or when one or more configuration parameters include a path loss reference signal update parameter that enables an activation command to update one or more path loss reference RSs of an uplink channel), an exemplary embodiment implements an enhanced procedure for path loss reference RS determination. In an exemplary embodiment, the wireless device may select a path loss reference RS from a subset of path loss reference RSs that has a lowest (or highest) path loss reference RS index among the path loss reference RS indices of the subset of path loss reference RSs. In an exemplary embodiment, the activation command may include a field indicating the path loss reference RS. In an example, each path loss reference RS of the subset of path loss reference RSs may be mapped (or linked) to a power control parameter set from a plurality of power control parameter sets. In an exemplary embodiment, the wireless device may select a path loss reference RS from a subset of path loss reference RSs that is mapped to a power control parameter set identified by a power control index equal to zero from a plurality of power control parameter sets.

[0226] This enhancement reduces the signaling overhead for indicating the path loss reference RS. This enhancement results in the transmission of accurate power headroom reports, reduced retransmissions, lower power consumption at the wireless device and base station, reduced delay / latency for data communications, and reduced interference to other cells / wireless devices, thereby improving their signal quality.

[0227] The wireless device may perform a power headroom reporting procedure to indicate at least one of the following information to the base station: Type 1 power headroom (PH), which indicates the difference between the nominal maximum transmission power and the estimated power for UL-SCH transmission of each activated service cell configured with the wireless device; Type 2 PH, which indicates the difference between the nominal maximum transmission power and the estimated power for UL-SCH and PUCCH transmissions on the SpCell of another MAC entity (e.g., the E-UTRA MAC entity in EN-DC); Type 3 PH, which indicates the difference between the nominal maximum transmission power and the estimated power for SRS transmission of each activated service cell.

[0228] A wireless device may receive an RRC message indicating one or more parameters for a power headroom reporting procedure. A MAC entity of the wireless device may determine when to transmit a power headroom report (PHR) to a base station based on the one or more parameters. The wireless device may determine which cell and / or type of power headroom needs to be reported via the PHR. For example, the one or more parameters may indicate a first value for a PHR periodic timer (e.g., phr-PeriodicTimer), a second value for a PHR prohibit timer (e.g., phr-ProhibitTimer), a PHR path loss change threshold (e.g., phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange), a presence / absence indicator of a PH value for other cells in the PHR (e.g., phr-Type2OtherCell), an indicator of a PH mode (e.g., real or virtual) (e.g., phr-ModeOtherCG), and / or a multiple PHR indicator (e.g., multiplePHR).

[0229] In an example, a MAC entity of the wireless device may trigger a PHR based on one or more conditions. For example, the wireless device may trigger a PHR upon at least one of the following events: expiration of a first timer (e.g., phr-PeriodicTimer); when a power headroom reporting function is configured or reconfigured by an upper layer, which may not be used to disable the function; activation of an SCell of any MAC entity with a configured uplink; and / or addition of a PSCell (e.g., a PSCell may be added or changed).

[0230] In an example, for example, if the wireless device has UL resources allocated for a new transmission, the MAC entity of the wireless device may start a PHR periodicity timer if the first UL resource allocated for the new transmission since the last MAC reset. For example, if the PHR procedure determines that at least one PHR has been triggered and not canceled, and / or if the allocated UL resources accommodate the at least one PHR (e.g., as a result of logical channel prioritization, the MAC entity is configured to transmit a MAC CE of the PHR plus its subheader). The PHR procedure and / or PHR format may be determined, for example, based on whether the base station configures the wireless device with a single-entry PHR format (e.g., not configured with a multiple PHR indicator (e.g., multiplePHR)) or a multiple-entry PHR format (e.g., configured with a multiple PHR indicator (e.g., multiplePHR)).

[0231] In an example, if a base station configures a wireless device with a multiple PHR indicator (e.g., by transmitting an RRC configuration parameter indicating a multiple-entry PHR format (e.g., multiplePHR)), a MAC entity of the wireless device may determine a first value of a first type of power headroom (PH) (e.g., a type 1 PH determined based on a PUSCH transmission) or a third type of PH (e.g., a type 3 PH determined based on an SRS transmission) for each of one or more activated cells with configured uplink associated with the wireless device. For example, the wireless device may determine whether the wireless device has UL resources allocated for transmission on at least one cell, or whether one or more other cells among the one or more activated cells have UL resources allocated for transmission on at least one cell, and the transmitted PHR configuration parameter indicating a PHR mode for the one or more cells indicates a real PH value (e.g., a mode (e.g., real or virtual) indicator of the PH (e.g., phr-ModeOtherCG) indicates a real PH value), a second value corresponding to PCMAX,c (described elsewhere in this specification), and the first value and the second value are transmitted via corresponding one or more fields in the PHR.

[0232] In an example, if a presence / absence indicator of a PH value of the other cell in the PHR (e.g., phr-Type2OtherCell) is configured for the wireless device, and / or if the other MAC entity is a specific radio access technology (e.g., 4G) MAC entity, the MAC entity of the wireless device may determine a first value corresponding to a second type PH (e.g., Type 2 PH) of the SpCell of the other MAC entity. If the PHR mode of one or more cells indicates a true PH value (e.g., a mode (e.g., real or virtual) indicator of the PH (e.g., phr-ModeOtherCG) indicates a true PH value), the wireless device may determine a second value corresponding to PCMAX,c. The wireless device may transmit the first value and the second value via one or more corresponding fields in the PHR.

[0233] In an example, a MAC entity of a wireless device may trigger a multiplexing and assembly procedure for generating and transmitting a PHR (e.g., in the form of a PHR MAC CE). The PHR may include a first value of a first type PH, a second type PH, and / or a third type PH for at least one cell. For example, based on a configured serving cell index (e.g., ServCellIndex) and / or a configured PUCCH of the wireless device, the PHR may include a second value corresponding to PCMAX, c. The wireless device may, for example, start or restart a PHR periodic timer (e.g., periodicPHR-Timer) and / or a PHR prohibit timer (e.g., prohibitPHR-Timer) based on the transmitted PHR. The wireless device may, for example, cancel one or more triggered PHRs based on the transmitted PHR.

[0234] In an example, if the base station configures the wireless device with a single-entry PHR format (e.g., by transmitting a PHR configuration parameter indicating the single-entry PHR format and / or by not configuring a PHR configuration parameter indicating the multiple-entry PHR format (e.g., if multiplePHR is not present)), the wireless device may, for example, determine a first value of a first type PH or a third type PH for a corresponding uplink carrier of a cell (e.g., PCell). The wireless device may, for example, determine a second value corresponding to PCMAX,c. The wireless device may, for example, transmit a PHR to a base station (e.g., gNB) based on the determination of the first value and the second value. The PHR may include one or more fields indicating the first value and the second value. The wireless device may trigger a multiplexing and assembly procedure for generating and transmitting a PHR MAC CE including the value of the first type PH or the third type PH. The wireless device may, for example, start or restart a PHR periodic timer (e.g., periodicPHR-Timer) and / or a PHR prohibit timer (e.g., prohibitPHR-Timer) based on transmitting the PHR. The wireless device may, for example, cancel one or more triggered PHRs based on transmitting the PHR.

[0235] In an example, the MAC entity may determine whether the PH value of the activated serving cell is based on a real transmission or an (uplink) reference format based on a configured grant and downlink control information that may have been received up to and including a PDCCH opportunity in which, if a PHR MAC CE is reported on an uplink grant received on the PDCCH, or until the first uplink symbol of a PUSCH transmission minus a predefined PUSCH repair time, e.g., if a PHR MAC CE is reported on a configured grant, the first UL grant for a new transmission is received because the PHR has been triggered.

[0236] In an example, the PHR MAC CE may include at least one of the following:

[0237] A presence / absence indication field (e.g., Ci) indicating the presence of a PH field for a serving cell with cell ID i (e.g., ServCellIndex i). A Ci field set to "1" may indicate that the PH field for a serving cell with cell ID i (e.g., ServCellIndex i) is reported. A Ci field set to "0" may indicate that the PH field for a serving cell with cell ID i (e.g., ServCellIndex i) is not reported;

[0238] a reserved field (e.g., R), which indicates one or more reserved bits (e.g., R is set to "0");

[0239] PH mode indicator (e.g., V), which indicates whether the PH value is based on a real transmission or a reference format. For type 1 PH, V=0 may indicate a real transmission on PUSCH, and V=1 may indicate the use of a PUSCH reference format. For type 2 PH, V=0 may indicate a real transmission on PUCCH, and V=1 may indicate the use of a PUCCH reference format. For type 3 PH, V=0 may indicate a real transmission on SRS, and V=1 may indicate the use of an SRS reference format. For type 1 PH, type 2 PH, and type 3 PH, V=0 may indicate the presence of an octet including the associated PCMAX, f, c fields, and V=1 may indicate that the octet including the associated PCMAX, f, c fields is omitted;

[0240] PH field, which indicates the power headroom level;

[0241] A power backoff indicator field (e.g., P field) that indicates whether the MAC entity applies power backoff due to power management. If the corresponding PCMAX, f, c fields have different values, the MAC entity may set P=1 if power backoff due to power management is not applied; and

[0242] PCMAX,f,c field: If present, this field may indicate the PCMAX,f,c or P-CMAX,f,c of the serving cell used to determine the previous PH field.

[0243] In an example, the wireless device may determine whether the power headroom report for an activated serving cell is based on actual uplink transmission or reference uplink transmission based on higher layer signaling of a configured grant. The wireless device may also determine whether the power headroom report is based on actual uplink transmission or reference uplink transmission based on one or more periodic / semi-persistent sounding reference signal transmissions. The wireless device may also determine whether the power headroom report is based on actual uplink transmission or reference uplink transmission based on downlink control information.

[0244] In an example, the wireless device may report a power headroom report on a PUSCH triggered / scheduled by a first DCI. The wireless device may receive downlink control information up to and including a PDCCH monitoring opportunity in which the wireless device detects a first DCI (e.g., DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1) scheduling an initial transmission of a transport block due to triggering a power headroom report.

[0245] In an example, a wireless device may use a configured grant to report a power headroom report on the PUSCH. The wireless device may receive downlink control information until the first uplink symbol of the configured PUSCH transmission minus a processing time (e.g., Tproc, 2). The processing time may be based on the capabilities of the wireless device. The processing time may be based on the subcarrier spacing of the active downlink BWP of the configured grant's scheduling cell.

[0246] Figure 17 is an example of a power control configuration for PUSCH according to aspects of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0247] Figure 18 is an example of power control according to aspects of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0248] Figure 19 is an example of a MAC CE for power control according to aspects of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0249] In an example, the wireless device may receive one or more messages (e.g., Figure 18 In an example, the wireless device may receive the one or more messages from the base station. The one or more messages may include one or more configuration parameters (e.g., Figure 18 config parameters in .

[0250] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be cell-specific. In an example, at least one of the one or more configuration parameters may be cell-specific. In an example, the cell may be a primary cell (PCell). In an example, the cell may be a secondary cell (SCell). The cell may be a secondary cell configured with a PUCCH (e.g., a PUCCH SCell). In an example, the cell may be, for example, an unlicensed cell operating in an unlicensed band. In an example, the cell may be, for example, a licensed cell operating in a licensed band.

[0251] In an example, a cell may include multiple BWPs. The multiple BWPs may include one or more uplink BWPs, the one or more uplink BWPs including the uplink BWP of the cell. The multiple BWPs may include one or more downlink BWPs, the one or more downlink BWPs including the downlink BWP of the cell.

[0252] In an example, a BWP in the plurality of BWPs may be in one of an active state and an inactive state. In an example, when a downlink BWP in one of the one or more downlink BWPs is in an active state, the wireless device may monitor downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / for / via the downlink BWP. In an example, when a downlink BWP in one of the one or more downlink BWPs is in an active state, the wireless device may receive a PDSCH on / via the downlink BWP. In an example, when a downlink BWP in one of the one or more downlink BWPs is in an inactive state, the wireless device may not monitor downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / for the downlink BWP. In an example, when a downlink BWP in one of the one or more downlink BWPs is in an inactive state, the wireless device may stop monitoring downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / for the downlink BWP. In an example, in an inactive state of a downlink BWP among the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device cannot receive the PDSCH on / via the downlink BWP. In an inactive state of a downlink BWP among the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may stop receiving the PDSCH on / via the downlink BWP.

[0253] In an example, when an uplink BWP among the one or more uplink BWPs is in an active state, the wireless device may transmit uplink signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUSCH, PRACH, SRS, etc.) via the uplink BWP. In an example, when an uplink BWP among the one or more uplink BWPs is in an inactive state, the wireless device may not transmit uplink signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUSCH, PRACH, SRS, etc.) via the uplink BWP.

[0254] In an example, the wireless device may activate a downlink BWP among the one or more downlink BWPs of the cell. In an example, activating the downlink BWP may include the wireless device setting the downlink BWP as an active downlink BWP for the cell. In an example, activating the downlink BWP may include the wireless device setting the downlink BWP to an active state. In an example, activating the downlink BWP may include switching the downlink BWP from an inactive state to an active state.

[0255] In an example, the wireless device may activate an uplink BWP of the one or more uplink BWPs of the cell. In an example, activating the uplink BWP may include the wireless device setting the uplink BWP as an active uplink BWP for the cell. In an example, activating the uplink BWP may include the wireless device setting the uplink BWP to an active state. In an example, activating the uplink BWP may include switching the uplink BWP from an inactive state to an active state.

[0256] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be for an (active) downlink BWP of a cell.In an example, at least one of the one or more configuration parameters may be for a downlink BWP of a cell.

[0257] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be for an (active) uplink BWP of a cell.In an example, at least one of the one or more configuration parameters may be for an uplink BWP of a cell.

[0258] In an example, one or more configuration parameters (e.g., RRC configuration, RRC reconfiguration, etc.) may include / indicate multiple power control parameter sets (e.g., Figure 18 The power control parameter set in , for example, is given by Figure 17 The higher layer parameter SRI-PUSCH-PowerControl in Figure 18In the embodiment, the multiple power control parameter sets may include power control parameter set-0, power control parameter set-1, power control parameter set-2, power control parameter set-3, power control parameter set-4 and power control parameter set-5.

[0259] In an example, multiple power control parameter sets may be used (configured) for transmission via a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) of a cell. In an example, multiple power control parameter sets may be used (configured) for transmission via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) of a cell. In an example, multiple power control parameter sets may be used (configured) for transmission via a sounding reference signal (SRS) of a cell.

[0260] In an example, multiple power control parameter sets may be configured for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions via a cell's (active) uplink BWP / PUSCH transmissions of a cell's (active) uplink BWP. In an example, multiple power control parameter sets may be configured for physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmissions via a cell's (active) uplink BWP / PUCCH transmissions of a cell's (active) uplink BWP. In an example, multiple power control parameter sets may be configured for sounding reference signal (SRS) transmissions via a cell's (active) uplink BWP / SRS transmissions of a cell's (active) uplink BWP.

[0261] In an example, one or more configuration parameters (or multiple power control parameter sets) may indicate (or include) power control indices (e.g., represented by Figure 17 In an example, each of the plurality of power control parameter sets may be identified by (or may include) a corresponding power control index in the power control indexes. In an example, a first power control parameter set of the plurality of power control parameter sets (e.g., Figure 18 The power control parameter set in the example (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 15) may be identified by a first power control index of the power control index. In an example, a second power control parameter set of the plurality of power control parameter sets (e.g., Figure 18 The power control parameter set in the example embodiment may be a power control parameter set 1) and a power control parameter set 2) in the example embodiment. The power control parameter set 1) may be identified by a second power control index (e.g., 3, 4, 7, 9, 14) of the power control index. In an example, the first power control index and the second power control index may be different. Based on the difference between the first power control parameter set and the second power control parameter set, the first power control index and the second power control index may be different.

[0262] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of path loss reference RSs (eg, Figure 18 The path loss reference RS in is given by Figure 17 The higher layer parameter PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS in Figure 18 In the example, the multiple path loss reference RSs may include PL-RS0, PL-RS1, PL-RS2, ..., PL-RS63.

[0263] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of path loss reference RS indices (e.g., represented by Figure 17 In an example, each of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may be identified by (or may include) a corresponding path loss reference RS index of the plurality of path loss reference RS indices. In an example, a first path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 18 0) can be identified by a first path loss reference RS index (e.g., 0, 1, 10, 63) among a plurality of path loss reference RS indexes (or can include the first path loss reference RS index). In an example, a second path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 18 The PL-RS 1) in may be identified by a second path loss reference RS index (eg, 3, 5, 25, 54) among a plurality of path loss reference RS indexes (or may include the second path loss reference RS index).

[0264] In an example, each of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may indicate / include a corresponding path loss RS (e.g., Figure 17 In the example, the first path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 18 PL-RS 0 in the first path loss RS may indicate a first path loss RS (or may include a first index of the first path loss RS / identify a first index of the first path loss RS). In the example, a second path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 18The PL-RS 1 in the second path loss reference RS may indicate a second path loss RS (or may include a second index of the second path loss reference RS / identify a second index of the second path loss reference RS). One or more configuration parameters may indicate a corresponding path loss RS for each path loss reference RS.

[0265] In an example, measuring / tracking the path loss reference RS may include measuring / tracking a path loss RS indicated by the path loss reference RS.

[0266] In an example, the wireless device may measure / track one or more path loss reference RSs / one or more path loss reference RSs of a plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, the number of the one or more path loss reference RSs may depend on the capability of the wireless device. The wireless device may transmit UE capability information indicating the number to the base station. In an example, the number of the one or more path loss reference RSs may be fixed / preconfigured / predefined. In an example, the number may be four. Based on the number being four, the wireless device may track / measure up to four path loss reference RSs of the plurality of path loss reference RSs. Based on the number being four, the wireless device may not track / measure more than four path loss reference RSs of the plurality of path loss reference RSs. For example, in Figure 18 In FIG, at time T0, the one or more path loss reference RSs may include PL-RS 35, PL-RS 12, PL-RS 8, and PL-RS 23. Figure 18 , at time T1 , the one or more path loss reference RSs may include PL-RS 35 , PL-RS 42 , PL-RS 8 , and PL-RS 57 .

[0267] In an example, the number of one or more path loss reference RSs may include a cardinality (e.g., the number of elements) of the one or more path loss reference RSs. For example, when the one or more path loss reference RSs include {PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1}, the number is two. When the one or more path loss reference RSs include {PL-RS 20, PL-RS 43, PL-RS 32}, the number is three. When the one or more path loss reference RSs include {PL-RS 4, PL-RS 19, PL-RS 45, PL-RS 56, PL-RS 63}, the number is five.

[0268] In an example, a wireless device may measure / track multiple path loss reference RSs for path loss estimation of uplink transmissions (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS). The wireless device may measure / track the multiple path loss reference RSs based on a first number of the multiple path loss reference RSs being equal to or less than a specified number. In an example, based on the first number of the multiple path loss reference RSs being equal to or less than the specified number, the one or more path loss reference RSs and the one or more path loss reference RSs may be the same.

[0269] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more path loss reference RS indices (e.g., represented by Figure 17 The plurality of path loss reference RS indices of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may include one or more path loss reference RS indices of the one or more path loss reference RSs. In an example, each of the one or more path loss reference RSs may be identified by (or may include) a corresponding path loss reference RS index of the one or more path loss reference RS indices of the plurality of path loss reference RS indices. In an example, a first path loss reference RS of the one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., Figure 18 The PL-RS 35 in the example may be identified by a first path loss reference RS index in the one or more path loss reference RS indexes (or may include the first path loss reference RS index). In an example, a second path loss reference RS in the one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., Figure 18 The PL-RS 12) in the embodiment may be identified by a second path loss reference RS index, etc., in one or more path loss reference RS indexes (or may include the first path loss reference RS index, etc.).

[0270] In an example, each power control parameter set in the plurality of power control parameter sets may indicate a corresponding path loss reference RS of one or more path loss reference RSs in the plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, a first power control parameter set in the plurality of power control parameter sets (e.g., power control parameter set-0) may indicate a first path loss reference RS (PL-RS 35) in the one or more path loss reference RSs. A second power control parameter set in the plurality of power control parameter sets (e.g., power control parameter set-1) may indicate a second path loss reference RS (PL-RS 12 at time T0 and PL-RS 42 at time T1) in the one or more path loss reference RSs. A third power control parameter set in the plurality of power control parameter sets (e.g., power control parameter set-4) may indicate a third path loss reference RS (PL-RS 12 at time T0 and PL-RS 57 at time T1) in the one or more path loss reference RSs, and so on. In an example, the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS may be different. In an example, the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS may be the same (e.g., for indicating Figure 18 The power control parameter set in the plurality of power control parameter sets indicating one or more path loss reference RSs among the plurality of path loss reference RSs may include: the power control parameter set including path loss reference RS indices of one or more path loss reference RS indices among the plurality of path loss reference RS indices (e.g., by Figure 17 sri PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id in the power control parameter set) identifies / indicates the path loss reference RS. The path loss reference RS index indicating / identifying the path loss reference RS in the power control parameter set may include: the path loss reference RS index in the power control parameter set is equal to a plurality of path loss reference RS indices of the path loss reference RS (or identifying the path loss reference RS) (for example, Figure 17 The path loss reference RS index in the higher layer parameter PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id is provided.

[0271] In an example, one or more path loss reference RSs may be mapped (or linked) to multiple power control parameter sets. In an example, a path loss reference RS in one or more path loss reference RSs may be mapped (or linked) to a power control parameter set in multiple power control parameter sets. In an example, each path loss reference RS in one or more path loss reference RSs may be mapped (or linked) to a corresponding power control parameter set in multiple power control parameter sets. In an example, the mapping may be a one-to-one mapping. In an example, the mapping may be a one-to-many mapping. In an example, the mapping may be a many-to-one mapping. For example, in Figure 18 , at time T1, for one-to-many mapping, PL-RS 35 may be mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-0 and power control parameter set-5. PL-RS 57 may be mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-3 and power control parameter set-4. For one-to-one mapping, PL-RS 42 may be mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-1. PL-RS 8 may be mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-2.

[0272] In an example, a plurality of power control parameter sets may be mapped (or linked) to one or more path loss reference RSs among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, a power control parameter set among a plurality of power control parameter sets may be mapped (or linked) to a path loss reference RS of one or more path loss reference RSs among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, each power control parameter set among a plurality of power control parameter sets may be mapped (or linked) to a corresponding path loss reference RS of one or more path loss reference RSs among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, the mapping may be a one-to-one mapping. In an example, the mapping may be a one-to-many mapping. In an example, the mapping may be a many-to-one mapping. For example, in Figure 18 , at time T1, power control parameter set-0 is mapped (or linked) to PL-RS 35; power control parameter set-1 is mapped (or linked) to PL-RS 42; power control parameter set-2 is mapped (or linked) to PL-RS 8; power control parameter set-3 is mapped (or linked) to PL-RS 57; and so on.

[0273] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a path loss reference RS for a power control parameter set. Figure 18 In FIG, at time T0, one or more configuration parameters indicate PL-RS 35 of power control parameter set-0 and power control parameter set-3, PL-RS 12 of power control parameter set-1 and power control parameter set-4, PL-RS 8 of power control parameter set-2, and PL-RS 23 of power control parameter set-5. For example, Figure 18, at time T1, one or more configuration parameters indicate PL-RS 35 of power control parameter set-0 and PL-RS 8 of power control parameter set-2 (e.g., because the activation command received at time T1 has not yet updated the PL-RS of power control parameter set-0 and power control parameter set-2).

[0274] In an example, the wireless device may receive an activation command (e.g., Figure 18 In an example, the activation command may be a MAC CE (e.g., Figure 19 In an example, the activation command may be an RRC message (e.g., an RRC reconfiguration). In an example, the activation command may be a DCI (e.g., including an uplink grant or a downlink assignment).

[0275] In an example, the activation command may indicate the path loss reference RS of the power control parameter set. Figure 18 In the example, at time T1, the activation command indicates PL-RS 42 of power control parameter set-1, PL-RS 57 of power control parameter set-3 and power control parameter set-4, and PL-RS 35 of power control parameter set-5. In an example, the activation command indicating the path loss reference RS of the power control parameter set may include: the activation command includes a first field indicating the path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 19 PL-RS ID in ) and a second field indicating a power control parameter set (e.g., Figure 19 The first field indicating the path loss reference RS may include: the first field includes a path loss reference RS index of one or more path loss reference RS indexes among a plurality of path loss reference RS indexes (e.g., Figure 17 Provided by the higher layer parameter PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id in , or by Figure 17 The second field indicating the power control parameter set may include: the second field includes a power control index in the power control indexes of the plurality of power control parameter sets, which identifies / indicates the power control parameter set.

[0276] In an example, the activation command may update a mapping between multiple power control parameter sets and multiple path loss reference RSs.

[0277] In an example, the mapping may be a one-to-one mapping. In the one-to-one mapping, a path loss reference RS in a plurality of path loss reference RSs may be mapped (or linked) to a first power control parameter set in a plurality of power control parameter sets. Based on the mapping being a one-to-one mapping, the path loss reference RS may not be mapped (or linked) to a second power control parameter set in a plurality of power control parameter sets that is different from the first power control parameter set. Figure 18 In FIG, at time T0, PL-RS 23 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-5. PL-RS 8 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-2. Figure 18 In FIG, at time T1, PL-RS 42 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-1. PL-RS 8 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-2.

[0278] In an example, the mapping may be a one-to-many mapping. In the one-to-many mapping, a path loss reference RS in a plurality of path loss reference RSs may be mapped (or linked) to at least two power control parameter sets in a plurality of power control parameter sets. Figure 18 In FIG, at time T0, PL-RS 35 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-0 and power control parameter set-3. PL-RS 12 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-1 and power control parameter set-4. Figure 18 , at time T1, PL-RS 35 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-0 and power control parameter set-5. PL-RS 57 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-3 and power control parameter set-4.

[0279] In an example, the mapping may be a many-to-one mapping. In the many-to-one mapping, at least two path loss reference RSs of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may be mapped (or linked) to a power control parameter set of the plurality of power control parameter sets.

[0280] In an example, updating the mapping between multiple power control parameter sets and multiple path loss reference RSs may include mapping at least one path loss reference RS from the multiple path loss reference RSs to at least one power control parameter set from the multiple power control parameter sets (or updating / selecting / activating the at least one path loss reference RS for the at least one power control parameter set). In an example, the mapping of the at least one path loss reference RS may be a one-to-one mapping. In an example, the mapping of the at least one path loss reference RS may be a one-to-many mapping. In an example, the mapping of the at least one path loss reference RS may be a many-to-one mapping.

[0281] In an example, mapping at least one path loss reference RS to at least one power control parameter set (or updating / selecting / activating the at least one path loss reference RS for the at least one power control parameter set) may include mapping each path loss reference RS of the at least one path loss reference RS to a corresponding power control parameter set of the at least one power control parameter set (or updating / selecting / activating each path loss reference RS for the corresponding power control parameter set). In an example, the mapping of each path loss reference RS may be a one-to-one mapping. In an example, the mapping of each path loss reference RS may be a one-to-many mapping. In an example, the mapping of each path loss reference RS may be a many-to-one mapping.

[0282] In an example, the activation command may include a first field indicating at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 19 PL-RS ID in the ) and a second field indicating at least one power control parameter set (e.g., Figure 19 . The activation command may include a first field indicating each of the at least one path loss reference RS and a second field indicating each of the at least one power control parameter set. The activation command may include a first field indicating the path loss reference RS of the at least one path loss reference RS and a second field indicating the power control parameter set of the at least one power control parameter set. Based on the first field indicating the path loss reference RS and the second field indicating the power control parameter set, the wireless device may map (or link) the path loss reference RS to the power control parameter set. Mapping (or linking) the path loss reference RS to the power control parameter set may include updating / activating the path loss reference RS for the power control parameter set. In an example, the first field may indicate the PL-RS 42 (e.g., Figure 19 PL-RS ID_0 in ), and the second field may indicate power control parameter set-1 (e.g., Figure 19 In an example, the first field may indicate PL-RS 57 (e.g., Figure 19 PL-RS ID_1 in ), and the second field may indicate power control parameter set-3 (e.g., Figure 19 In an example, the first field may indicate PL-RS 57 (e.g., Figure 19 PL-RSID_{M-1} in the , the second field may indicate power control parameter set-4 (e.g., Figure 19 In an example, the first field may indicate the PL-RS 35 (e.g., Figure 19PL-RS ID_M in ), and the second field may indicate power control parameter set-5 (e.g., Figure 19 In the example, based on the first field indicating at least one path loss reference RS and the second field indicating at least one power control parameter set, the wireless device may map the at least one path loss reference RS to the at least one power control parameter set (or update / select / activate the at least one path loss reference RS for the at least one power control parameter set).

[0283] In an example, at least one path loss reference RS may include Figure 18 The at least one power control parameter set may include power control parameter set-1, power control parameter set-3, power control parameter set-4, and power control parameter set-5. Before receiving the activation command (or before applying the activation command), the wireless device may not measure / track at least one path loss reference RS. Figure 18 , based on receipt of the activation command (at time T1), PL-RS 42 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-1, PL-RS 57 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-3 and power control parameter set-4, and PL-RS 35 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-5.

[0284] In an example, at least one path loss reference RS may include Figure 18 42, PL-RS 57, and PL-RS 35 in the at least one power control parameter set. The at least one power control parameter set may include power control parameter set-1, power control parameter set-3, power control parameter set-4, and power control parameter set-5. Before receiving the activation command (or before applying the activation command), the wireless device may not measure / track a first subset of at least one path loss reference RS. The first subset may include PL-RS 42 and PL-RS 57. Before receiving the activation command (or before applying the activation command), the wireless device may measure / track a second subset of at least one path loss reference RS. The second subset may include PL-RS 35. Figure 18 , based on receipt of the activation command (at time T1), PL-RS 42 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-1, PL-RS 57 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-3 and power control parameter set-4, and PL-RS 35 is mapped (or linked) to power control parameter set-5.

[0285] In an example, the one or more path loss reference RSs measured / tracked may include at least one path loss reference RS. For example, after receiving the activation command (or after applying the activation command), the one or more path loss reference RSs measured / tracked may include PL-RS 35, PL-RS 42, PL-RS 8, and PL-RS 57. For example, before receiving the activation command (or before applying the activation command), the one or more path loss reference RSs measured / tracked may include PL-RS 35, PL-RS 12, PL-RS 8, and PL-RS 23.

[0286] In the example, Figure 18 A first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 12) of one or more path loss reference RSs at time T0 in the example may be mapped (or linked) to a power control parameter (e.g., power control parameter set-1) among the plurality of power control parameters. The first path loss reference RS may indicate a first path loss RS (e.g., Figure 17 In an example, the activation command may map (or update / select / activate / indicate) a second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 42) among a plurality of path loss reference RSs for a power control parameter set. The second path loss reference RS may indicate a second path loss RS (e.g., Figure 17The wireless device may determine / estimate a higher filtered RSRP value for the second path loss RS for the path loss measurement. The wireless device may use the higher filtered RSRP value for the second path loss RS at (or after) the application time. In an example, before receiving the activation command, the wireless device may determine that the wireless device is not tracking / measuring the second path loss RS. Based on this determination, the wireless device may use the higher filtered RSRP value for the second path loss RS at (or after) the application time. The application time may be time slot n+k time slots. Time slot n may be the time slot in which the wireless device receives the activation command. In an example, the k time slots may be fixed / preconfigured / predefined. In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a value for the k time slots (e.g., 1 time slot, 2 time slots, 3 time slots). In an example, the k time slots may depend on the number of measurement samples of the second path loss RS. For example, the number of measurement samples may be five. Based on the number being five, the k time slot may be the first (or next) time slot after measuring the second path loss RS five times. Based on the number being five, the k time slot may be the first (or next) time slot after the fifth measurement sample of the second path loss RS. In an example, the wireless device may transmit an acknowledgment (ACK) of the activation command. The first measurement sample of the plurality of measurement samples may correspond to the first instance of the wireless device measuring the second path loss RS for a duration after transmitting the ACK for the activation command. In an example, the duration may be fixed / predefined / preconfigured (e.g., 3 ms, 5 ms, 10 ms). In an example, the duration may depend on the capabilities of the wireless device (e.g., PDSCH and / or PUSCH and / or PUCCH processing time). In an example, the duration may depend on the subcarrier spacing of the active uplink BWP and / or active downlink BWP. In an example, before the application time, the wireless device may use the higher filtered RSRP value of the first path loss RS for path loss measurement. In an example, before applying the activation command may include before the application time. In an example, applying the activation command may include using the higher filtered RSRP value of the second path loss RS indicated by the activation command. In an example, before application activation may include before application time.The wireless device may apply the activation command at (or after or based on) the application time.

[0287] In an example, the wireless device may determine a report / transmission power headroom report for a cell (or an active uplink BWP for a cell, or an active uplink BWP for an uplink carrier (eg, SUL, NUL) of a cell).

[0288] In an example, the power headroom report may be a type 1 power headroom report (e.g., for a PUSCH transmission opportunity). In an example, the power headroom report may be a type 2 power headroom report (e.g., for a PUCCH transmission opportunity). In an example, the power headroom report may be a type 3 power headroom report (e.g., for an SRS transmission opportunity). The power headroom report may be valid for uplink transmission opportunities (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS) on an active uplink BWP of an uplink carrier (e.g., SUL, NUL) of a cell.

[0289] In an example, the wireless device may determine that after receiving the activation command (or after applying the activation command, e.g., Figure 18 After time T1 in the report / transmission power headroom report).

[0290] In an example, the wireless device may determine that before receiving the activation command (or before applying the activation command, e.g., Figure 18 between time T0 and time T1) report / transmission power headroom report.

[0291] In an example, the power headroom report may be based on a reference uplink transmission. In an example, the reference uplink transmission may be a reference PUSCH transmission. In an example, the reference uplink transmission may be a reference SRS transmission. In an example, the reference uplink transmission may be a reference PUCCH transmission.

[0292] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate / include a path loss RS update parameter (e.g., enablePLRSupdateForPUSCHSRS). Based on the one or more configuration parameters indicating / including the path loss RS update parameter, the activation command may update the mapping between multiple path loss reference RSs and multiple power control parameter sets.

[0293] In an example, the wireless device may report power headroom (e.g., Figure 18 time T2 in the time) to determine / select one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., Figure 18 The path loss reference RS in PL-RS 35, PL-RS 42, PL-RS 8 and PL-RS 57) is used.

[0294] In an example, the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS may indicate a path loss RS (e.g., Figure 17The path loss reference RS may include: the path loss reference RS includes a path loss RS index (e.g., ssb-index, csi-RS-Index or RS resource index) indicating / identifying the path loss RS (e.g., SSB, SS / PBCH, CSI-RS). One or more configuration parameters may indicate the path loss RS index of the path loss RS.

[0295] In an example, a path loss reference RS index of one or more path loss reference RS indices among a plurality of path loss reference RS indices (eg, represented by Figure 17 The higher layer parameter PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id in the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS may be provided. In an example, the wireless device may determine the path loss RS index (or RS resource index) of the path loss RS according to (or based on) the path loss reference RS index of the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS.

[0296] In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / estimate a path loss estimate for a power headroom report based on a path loss RS (indicated / identified by a path loss RS index). In response to determining / selecting a path loss reference RS, the wireless device may determine / calculate / estimate a path loss estimate for a power headroom report based on the path loss RS.

[0297] In an example, determining / calculating / estimating the path loss estimate based on the path loss RS may include estimating a downlink path loss estimate of the power headroom report based on (eg, measuring) the path loss RS.

[0298] In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / estimate a path loss estimate based on (e.g., Figure 18The wireless device may transmit / report the power headroom report at time T3 in the cell. The wireless device may transmit / report the power headroom report with the path loss estimate. The wireless device may transmit / report the power headroom report in a MAC CE (e.g., a single-entry PHR MAC CE, a multiple-entry PHR MAC CE). The wireless device may transmit / report the power headroom report via the cell (e.g., either via the cell's active uplink BWP or via the cell's active uplink BWP for an uplink carrier (e.g., SUL, NUL). The wireless device may transmit / report the power headroom report via the cell's PUSCH (or the cell's active uplink BWP). The PUSCH may include a MAC CE (e.g., a single-entry PHR MAC CE, a multiple-entry PHR MAC CE).

[0299] In an example, determining / selecting a path loss reference RS from among the one or more path loss reference RSs may be based on one or more configuration parameters indicating / including a path loss RS update parameter (e.g., enablePLRSupdateForPUSCHSRS). When the one or more configuration parameters indicate / include a path loss RS update parameter (e.g., enablePLRSupdateForPUSCHSRS), the wireless device may determine / select a path loss reference RS from among the one or more path loss reference RSs.

[0300] In an example, determining / selecting a path loss reference RS from among the one or more path loss reference RSs may include determining / selecting a path loss reference RS from among the one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., Figure 17 , which is mapped (or linked) to a power control index equal to zero in the plurality of power control parameters (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS or a higher layer parameter PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id). Figure 17 In an example, the power control parameter may be identified by a power control index. The power control indexes of the plurality of power control parameter sets may include a power control index of the power control parameter. The power control index may be zero. In an example, the path loss reference RS index of the path loss reference RS may be mapped to a power control parameter having a power control index equal to zero.

[0301] In an example, the path loss reference RS mapped (or linked) to the power control parameter may include: a path loss reference RS index of the path loss reference RS (or identifying the path loss reference RS) is mapped (or linked) to the power control parameter.

[0302] For example, in Figure 18 In the example, when the power control index of power control parameter set-0 is zero, the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS is PL-RS 35. When the power control index of power control parameter set-1 is zero, the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS is PL-RS 42. When the power control index of power control parameter set-4 is zero, the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS is PL-RS 57.

[0303] In an example, determining / selecting a path loss reference RS from among the one or more path loss reference RSs may include determining / selecting a path loss reference RS from among the one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., Figure 17 , which is mapped (or linked) to a power control parameter in a plurality of power control parameters, the power control parameter having the lowest (or highest) power control index among the power control indices of the plurality of power control parameters (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS or a higher layer parameter PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id). Figure 17 For example, in Figure 18 In the example, when the power control index of power control parameter set-0 is the lowest (or highest) power control index among power control parameter set-0, power control parameter set-1, ..., power control parameter set-5, the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS is PL-RS 35. When the power control index of power control parameter set-4 is the lowest (or highest) power control index among power control parameter set-0, power control parameter set-1, ..., power control parameter set-5, the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS is PL-RS 57.

[0304] In an example, determining / selecting a path loss reference RS from among the one or more path loss reference RSs may include determining / selecting a path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 17 , which has the lowest (or highest) path loss reference RS index among one or more path loss reference RSs. Figure 18, when the path loss reference RS index of PL-RS 35 is the lowest (or highest) among the path loss reference RS indexes of PL-RS 35, PL-RS 42, PL-RS 8, and PL-RS 57, the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS is PL-RS 35. When the path loss reference RS index of PL-RS 57 is the lowest (or highest) among the path loss reference RS indexes of PL-RS 35, PL-RS 42, PL-RS 8, and PL-RS 57, the (determined / selected) path loss reference RS is PL-RS 57.

[0305] In an example, the activation command may include a field indicating a path loss reference RS. The field indicating the path loss reference RS may include: the field including a path loss reference index of the path loss reference RS (or identifying the path loss reference RS). In an example, the one or more path loss reference indexes may include a path loss reference index. In an example, the multiple path loss reference RS indexes may include a path loss reference index. In an example, determining / selecting the path loss reference RS from the one or more path loss reference RSs may include determining / selecting the path loss reference RS indicated by the activation command.

[0306] In an example, the first field of the activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS may include one or more path loss reference RS entries (e.g., Figure 19 In an example, a first path loss reference RS entry (e.g., PL-RS ID_0) among the one or more path loss reference RS entries may include a path loss reference RS index of a (determined / selected) path loss reference RS (or identifying the path loss reference RS). The first path loss reference RS entry may include the least significant octet of the activation command (e.g., Figure 19 In an example, determining / selecting a path loss reference RS from the one or more path loss reference RSs may include determining / selecting a path loss reference RS indicated by a first path loss reference RS entry of the activation command. Each of the one or more path loss reference RS entries of the activation command may be associated with (or may identify) a corresponding path loss reference RS of the at least one path loss reference RS.

[0307] Figure 20 is an exemplary flow chart of power control according to aspects of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0308] In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more messages. The one or more messages may include one or more configuration parameters for a cell (or an active uplink BWP for a cell, or an active uplink BWP for an uplink carrier of a cell). The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of path loss reference signals (RSs) for path loss estimation of uplink transmissions. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of power control parameter sets for a physical uplink channel. In an example, each power control parameter set in the plurality of power control parameter sets may be mapped (or linked) to a corresponding path loss reference RS of the plurality of path loss reference RSs.

[0309] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate a power control index of a plurality of power control parameters.

[0310] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of path loss reference RS indices of the plurality of path loss reference RSs.

[0311] In an example, the wireless device may determine a power headroom report for a reporting cell. The wireless device may determine / select a path loss reference RS from among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, the path loss reference RS may be mapped to a power control parameter set from among a plurality of power control parameter sets.

[0312] In an example, a first number of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may be greater than (or more than) the number of path loss RSs that the wireless device can, for example, simultaneously measure / track. Based on the first number being greater than (or more than) the number, the wireless device may not simultaneously measure / track the plurality of path loss reference RSs. For example, the number may be a UE capability. In an example, the number may be four. The first number may be five, eight, sixty-four, forty, or the like. In an example, a power control parameter set may be identified by a power control index equal to zero. The power control index may include a power control index. The path loss reference RS may be mapped to a power control parameter set having a power control index equal to zero. In an example, when the first number is greater than the number, the power control parameter set may be identified by a power control index equal to zero. In an example, based on one or more configuration parameters indicating / including a path loss RS update parameter (e.g., enablePLRSupdateForPUSCHSRS), the power control parameter set may be identified by a power control index equal to zero.

[0313] In an example, a first number of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may be equal to or less than (or less than) the number of path loss RSs that the wireless device can, for example, simultaneously measure / track. Based on the first number being equal to or less than the number, the wireless device may simultaneously measure / track the plurality of path loss reference RSs. For example, the number may be a UE capability. In an example, the number may be four. The first number may be four, three, two, or one. In an example, the path loss reference RS may be identified by a path loss reference RS index equal to zero. The plurality of path loss reference RS indices may include a path loss reference RS index. In an example, the path loss reference RS may be mapped to a power control parameter set in a plurality of power control parameter sets. In an example, the path loss reference RS may not be mapped to a power control parameter set in a plurality of power control parameter sets. In an example, when the first number is equal to or less than the number, the path loss reference RS may be identified by a path loss reference RS index equal to zero. In an example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate / include a path loss RS update parameter (e.g., enablePLRSupdateForPUSCHSRS). In an example, based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating / including a path loss RS update parameter (eg, enablePLRSupdateForPUSCHSRS), the path loss reference RS may be identified with a path loss reference RS index equal to zero.

[0314] In an example, the wireless device may determine a path loss RS (or a path loss RS index or RS resource index) based on a path loss reference RS. In an example, the wireless device may calculate a path loss estimate for a power headroom report based on the path loss reference RS. Calculating the path loss estimate based on the path loss reference RS may include calculating the path loss estimate based on a path loss RS indicated by the path loss reference RS. The wireless device may measure, for example, L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP, or higher filtered RSRP of the path loss RS to calculate the path loss estimate.

[0315] In an example, the wireless device may transmit a power headroom report. The wireless device may transmit the power headroom report based on calculating a path loss estimate. The wireless device may transmit the power headroom report with the path loss estimate. The wireless device may transmit the power headroom report indicating the path loss estimate.

[0316] Figure 21 and Figure 22 is an example of power control according to aspects of an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 23 is an example of a MAC CE for power control according to aspects of an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 24 is in accordance with Figure 21 An exemplary flow chart of power control according to aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure discussed in . Figure 25 is in accordance with Figure 22 An exemplary flow chart of power control according to aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure discussed in .

[0317] In an example, the wireless device may receive one or more messages (e.g., Figure 21-22 In an example, the wireless device may receive the one or more messages from the base station. The one or more messages may include one or more configuration parameters (e.g., Figure 21-22 config parameters in .

[0318] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may be used for a cell (eg, PCell, SCell, PUCCH SCell). In an example, used for a cell may include an active uplink BWP for the cell. In an example, used for a cell may include an active downlink BWP for the cell.

[0319] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 21-22 One or more uplink resources may be on / for a cell (or an active uplink BWP for a cell). In an example, one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 21-22 Uplink resources 0, uplink resources 1 and uplink resources 2) in the may include one or more PUCCH resources.

[0320] In an example, the one or more uplink resources may include one or more SRS resources. In an example, the one or more SRS resources may not be used for beam management. In an example, a usage parameter of the SRS resource of the one or more SRS resources may not be beamManagement (e.g., usage!=beamManagement, usage=codebook, usage=noncodebook, usage=AntennaSwitching).

[0321] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more uplink resource indices of the one or more uplink resources (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-ResourceId). In an example, each uplink resource of the one or more uplink resources may be identified by (or may include) a corresponding uplink resource index in the one or more uplink resource indices. In an example, a first uplink resource of the one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 21-22The uplink resource 0 in the one or more uplink resource indices may be identified by (or may include) a first uplink resource index (e.g., 0, 1, 10, 15, 63) in the one or more uplink resource indices. The second uplink resource of the one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 21-22 The uplink resource 1 in the one or more uplink resource indices may be identified by (or may include) a second uplink resource index (e.g., 2, 5, 30, 43, 61) in the one or more uplink resource indices. A third uplink resource of the one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 21-22 The uplink resource 2) in can be identified by a third uplink resource index (e.g., 4, 13, 29, 42, 62) in one or more uplink resource indexes (or can include the third uplink resource index).

[0322] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of path loss reference RSs (eg, Figure 21-22 The path loss reference RS in is provided by the higher layer parameter PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS). Figure 21-22 In the example, the multiple path loss reference RSs may include PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, ..., PL-RS 63.

[0323] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of path loss reference RS indices of the plurality of path loss reference RSs (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id). In an example, each path loss reference RS of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may be identified by (or may include) a corresponding path loss reference RS index of the plurality of path loss reference RS indices. In an example, a first path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 21-22 0) can be identified by a first path loss reference RS index (e.g., 0, 1, 10, 63) among a plurality of path loss reference RS indexes (or can include the first path loss reference RS index). In an example, a second path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 21-22 The PL-RS 1) in can be identified by a second path loss reference RS index (e.g., 3, 5, 25, 54), etc. among multiple path loss reference RS indexes (or can include the second path loss reference RS index, etc.).

[0324] In an example, each of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may indicate / include a corresponding path loss RS (e.g., provided by higher layer parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId). In an example, a first path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 21-22 PL-RS 0 in the first path loss RS may indicate a first path loss RS (or may include a first index of the first path loss RS / identify a first index of the first path loss RS). In the example, a second path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 21-22 The PL-RS 1 in the embodiment may indicate a second path loss RS (or may include a second index of the second path loss reference RS / identify a second index of the second path loss reference RS). One or more configuration parameters may indicate the path loss RSs of multiple path loss reference RSs. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the corresponding path loss RS of the path loss RS of each path loss reference RS in the multiple path loss reference RSs.

[0325] In an example, measuring / tracking the path loss reference RS may include measuring / tracking the path loss RS indicated by the path loss reference RS. For example, measuring / tracking the first path loss reference RS (eg, Figure 21-22 The PL-RS 0 in the embodiment may include measuring / tracking a first path loss RS indicated by a first path loss reference RS. Measuring / tracking a second path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 21-22 The PL-RS 1) in may include measuring / tracking a second path loss RS indicated by a second path loss reference RS.

[0326] In an example, one or more configuration parameters (eg, RRC configuration, RRC reconfiguration, etc.) may include / indicate a plurality of spatial relationship information (eg, Figure 21-22 The SpatialRelationInfo in the PUCCH is provided, for example, by the higher layer parameter PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo. Figure 21-22 In the example, the plurality of spatial relationship information may include SpatialRelationInfo-0, SpatialRelationInfo-1, SpatialRelationInfo-2, and SpatialRelationInfo-3.

[0327] In an example, multiple spatial relationship information may be (configured) for transmission via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) of a cell / PUCCH transmission of a cell. In an example, multiple spatial relationship information may be (configured) for transmission via a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) of a cell / PUSCH transmission of a cell. In an example, multiple spatial relationship information may be (configured) for transmission via a sounding reference signal (SRS) of a cell / SRS transmission of a cell.

[0328] In an example, one or more configuration parameters (or multiple spatial relationship information) may indicate (or include) a spatial relationship information index of multiple spatial relationship information (for example, provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfoId). In an example, each spatial relationship information in the multiple spatial relationship information may be identified by a corresponding spatial relationship information index of the spatial relationship information index (or may include a corresponding spatial relationship information index). In an example, the first spatial relationship information in the multiple spatial relationship information (for example, Figure 21-22 The SpatialRelationInfo-0 in the SpatialRelationInfo-1) can be identified by a first spatial relationship information index (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 15, 63, 50) of the spatial relationship information index. In the example, the second spatial relationship information in the plurality of spatial relationship information (e.g., Figure 21-22 The SpatialRelationInfo-1 in the spatial relationship information may be identified by a second spatial relationship information index (e.g., 3, 4, 7, 9, 14, 55, 60) of the spatial relationship information index. In this example, the first spatial relationship information index and the second spatial relationship information index may be different. Based on the difference between the first spatial relationship information and the second spatial relationship information, the first spatial relationship information index and the second spatial relationship information index may be different.

[0329] In an example, each of the plurality of spatial relationship information may indicate a corresponding path loss reference RS among the plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, the first spatial relationship information among the plurality of spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-0) may indicate a first path loss reference RS among the plurality of path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 23). The second spatial relationship information among the plurality of spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-1) may indicate a second path loss reference RS among the plurality of path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 6). The third spatial relationship information among the plurality of spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-2) may indicate a third path loss reference RS among the plurality of path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 45). The fourth spatial relationship information among the plurality of spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-3) may indicate a fourth path loss reference RS among the plurality of path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 62), and so on. In an example, the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS may be different (for example, for SpatialRelationInfo-0 and SpatialRelationInfo-1, different path loss reference RSs may be indicated, for example, PL-RS 23!=PL-RS 6). In an example, the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS may be the same (for example, for SpatialRelationInfo-0 and SpatialRelationInfo-1, the same path loss reference RS may be indicated, for example, PL-RS 23=PL-RS 6). The spatial relationship information in the multiple spatial relationship information indicating the path loss reference RSs in the multiple path loss reference RSs may include the spatial relationship information including a path loss reference RS index in the multiple path loss reference RS indices (for example, through PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id), which identifies / indicates the path loss reference RS. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the path loss reference RS index of the path loss reference RS of the spatial relationship information. The path loss reference RS index indicating / identifying the path loss reference RS in the spatial relationship information may include: the path loss reference RS index in the spatial relationship information is equal to the path loss reference RS index in multiple path loss reference RS indices (for example, provided by the higher layer parameter PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id) of the path loss reference RS (or identifying the path loss reference RS).

[0330] In an example, a first number of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may be greater than (or more than) the number of path loss RSs that the wireless device can, for example, simultaneously measure / track. Based on the first number being greater than (or more than) the number, the wireless device may not simultaneously measure / track the plurality of path loss reference RSs. For example, the number may be a UE capability. For example, the number may be fixed, preconfigured, or predefined. In an example, the number may be four. The first number may be five, eight, sixty-four, forty, or the like. In an example, based on the first number being greater than (or more than) the number, the wireless device may determine / select one or more path loss reference RSs from the plurality of path loss reference RSs. Based on the determination / selection of the one or more path loss reference RSs, the wireless device may measure / track the one or more path loss reference RSs. The one or more path loss reference RSs may be a subset of the plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, a second number of the one or more path loss reference RSs may be equal to or less than (or less than) the number. The second number may be four, three, two, or one. Based on the second number being equal to or less than (or less than) the number, the wireless device may simultaneously measure / track the one or more path loss reference RSs.

[0331] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select one or more path loss reference RSs based on multiple path loss reference RS indices of multiple path loss reference RSs. Determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs based on multiple path loss reference RS indices may include determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs having the lowest (or highest) one or more path loss reference RS indices among the multiple path loss reference RS indices of the multiple path loss reference RSs. Determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs based on multiple path loss reference RS indices may include determining / selecting the number of path loss reference RSs (e.g., four, two) having the lowest (or highest) path loss reference RS indices among the multiple path loss reference RS indices of the multiple path loss reference RSs. In an example, the number of path loss RSs that the wireless device can simultaneously measure / track may be four. In Figure 21, PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, and PL-RS 3 may have the lowest (or highest) four path loss reference RS indexes among the sixty-four path loss reference RS indexes of PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, ..., PL-RS 63. The wireless device may determine / select PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, and PL-RS 3 among PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, ..., PL-RS 63 for simultaneous tracking / measurement, for example, based on PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, and PL-RS 3 having the lowest (or highest) four path loss reference RS indexes. In an example, the number of path loss RSs that the wireless device can simultaneously measure / track may be four. Based on the fact that a first path loss reference RS index of a first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 0), a second path loss reference RS index of a second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 1), a third path loss reference RS index of a third path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 2), and a fourth path loss reference RS index of a fourth path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 23) are the lowest (or highest) among a plurality of path loss reference RS indices of the plurality of path loss reference RSs, the wireless device may determine / select the first path loss reference RS, the second path loss reference RS, the third path loss reference RS, and the fourth path loss reference RS to measure / track. In an example, the number of path loss RSs that the wireless device can simultaneously measure / track may be two. Based on the fact that the first path loss reference RS index of the first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 0) and the second path loss reference RS index of the second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 1) are the lowest (or highest) among a plurality of path loss reference RS indices of the plurality of path loss reference RSs, the wireless device may determine / select the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS to measure / track. The plurality of path loss reference RSs may include a first path loss reference RS and a second path loss reference RS. The plurality of path loss reference RSs may include a third path loss reference RS and a fourth path loss reference RS. The plurality of path loss reference RS indexes may include a first path loss reference RS index and a second path loss reference RS index. The plurality of path loss reference RS indexes may include a third path loss reference RS index and a fourth path loss reference RS index.

[0332] In an example, determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs based on a plurality of path loss reference RS indices may include determining / selecting the first number of path loss reference RSs in the plurality of path loss reference RSs. For example, when the number is one, the wireless device may select the first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS0) in the plurality of path loss reference RSs. When the number is two, the wireless device may select the first two path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1) in the plurality of path loss reference RSs. When the number is three, the wireless device may select the first three path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2) in the plurality of path loss reference RSs. When the number is four, the wireless device may select the first four path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, PL-RS 3) in the plurality of path loss reference RSs.

[0333] In an example, the one or more path loss reference RSs may include a first path loss reference RS from among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, the first path loss reference RS may be identified by a first path loss reference RS index (e.g., PL-RS 0) that is equal to zero from among a plurality of path loss reference RS indices. In an example, the first path loss reference RS may be identified by a lowest path loss reference RS index from among a plurality of path loss reference RS indices. In an example, the one or more path loss reference RSs may not include a second path loss reference RS from among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, the second path loss reference RS may be identified by a second path loss reference RS index (e.g., PL-RS 1, PL-RS 32) that is different from zero from among a plurality of path loss reference RS indices. In an example, the second path loss reference RS may not be identified by a lowest path loss reference RS index from among a plurality of path loss reference RS indices.

[0334] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select one or more path loss reference RSs based on a spatial relationship information index of a plurality of spatial relationship information. Determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs based on a spatial relationship information index may include determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs indicated by a subset of spatial relationship information having a lowest (or highest) spatial relationship information index among a plurality of spatial relationship information. Determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs based on a spatial relationship information index may include determining / selecting the number (e.g., four) of path loss reference RSs indicated by a subset of spatial relationship information having a lowest (or highest) spatial relationship information index among a plurality of spatial relationship information. The number of path loss reference RSs may be different. The number of path loss reference RSs may be equal to or less than (or less than) the number that the wireless device can simultaneously measure / track. In an example, the number of path loss RSs that the wireless device can simultaneously measure / track may be two. In Figure 21 In the example, SpatialRelationInfo-0 and SpatialRelationInfo-1 may have the two lowest (or highest) spatial relationship information indices among the four spatial relationship information indices of SpatialRelationInfo-0, SpatialRelationInfo-1, SpatialRelationInfo-2, and SpatialRelationInfo-3. The wireless device may determine / select PL-RS 23 indicated by SpatialRelationInfo-0 and PL-RS 6 indicated by SpatialRelationInfo-1 from among PL-RS 23, PL-RS 6, PL-RS 45, and PL-RS 62 based on SpatialRelationInfo-0 and SpatialRelationInfo-1 having the two lowest (or highest) spatial relationship information indices for simultaneous tracking / measurement, for example.

[0335] In an example, the number of path loss reference RSs that a wireless device can simultaneously measure / track may be two. Based on the fact that a first spatial relationship information index of first spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-0) and a second spatial relationship information index of second spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-1) are the lowest (or highest) among the spatial relationship information indices of multiple spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-0, SpatialRelationInfo-1, SpatialRelationInfo-2, and SpatialRelationInfo-3), the wireless device may determine / select a first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS23) indicated by the first spatial relationship information and a second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS6) indicated by the second spatial relationship information. The multiple path loss reference RSs may include the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS. The multiple spatial relationship information may include the first spatial relationship information and the second spatial relationship information. The spatial relationship information indexes may include the first spatial relationship information index and the second spatial relationship information index. The first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS may be different. That the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS are different may include that a first path loss RS indicated by the first path loss reference RS and a second path loss RS indicated by the second path loss reference RS are different.

[0336] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select one or more path loss reference RSs based on a second plurality of path loss reference RS indices of the second plurality of path loss reference RSs. The plurality of path loss reference RS indices may include a second plurality of path loss reference RS indices. The plurality of path loss reference RSs may include a second plurality of path loss reference RSs. The plurality of spatial relationship information may indicate the second plurality of path loss reference RSs. Each spatial relationship information in the plurality of spatial relationship information may indicate a corresponding path loss reference RS of the second plurality of path loss reference RSs. For example, in Figure 21, the second plurality of path loss reference RSs may include PL-RS 23, PL-RS 6, PL-RS 45, and PL-RS 62. Determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs based on the second plurality of path loss reference RS indices may include determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs having the lowest (or highest) one or more path loss reference RS indices among the second plurality of path loss reference RS indices of the second plurality of path loss reference RSs. Determining / selecting one or more path loss reference RSs based on the second plurality of path loss reference RS indices may include determining / selecting the number of path loss reference RSs (e.g., four, two) having the lowest (or highest) path loss reference RS indices among the second plurality of path loss reference RS indices of the second plurality of path loss reference RSs.

[0337] In an example, the number of path loss RSs that a wireless device can simultaneously measure / track may be two. Based on the fact that a first path loss reference RS index of a first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 23) indicated by first spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-0) and a second path loss reference RS index of a second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 6) indicated by second spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-1) are the lowest (or highest) among a second plurality of path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 23, PL-RS 6, PL-RS 45, and PL-RS 62) indicated by multiple spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-0, SpatialRelationInfo-1, SpatialRelationInfo-2, SpatialRelationInfo-3), the wireless device may determine / select the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS to track / measure. The second plurality of path loss reference RSs may include the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS. The second plurality of path loss reference RS indices may include a first path loss reference RS index and a second path loss reference RS index.The plurality of spatial relationship information may include a first spatial relationship information and a second spatial relationship information.

[0338] In an example, the wireless device may measure / track one or more path loss reference RSs until an activation command (e.g., Figure 21In an example, the wireless device may measure / track one or more path loss reference RSs until the activation command is applied. In an example, the wireless device may measure / track one or more path loss reference RSs based on receiving one or more configuration parameters indicating multiple path loss reference RSs (e.g., at Figure 21 The activation command may map at least one spatial relationship information among the multiple spatial relationship information to at least one uplink resource among the one or more uplink resources (or update / select / activate the at least one spatial relationship information for the at least one uplink resource).

[0339] In an example, the wireless device may simultaneously measure / track one or more path loss reference RSs. In an example, a first number of the plurality of path loss reference RSs may be equal to or less than (or less than) the number of path loss RSs that the wireless device may, for example, simultaneously measure / track. Based on the first number being equal to or less than (or less than) the number, the wireless device may simultaneously measure / track the plurality of path loss reference RSs. Based on the first number being equal to or less than (or less than) the number, the plurality of path loss reference RSs and the one or more path loss reference RSs may be the same. The second number of the one or more path loss reference RSs may be equal to the first number.

[0340] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more path loss reference RS indexes of the one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id). The multiple path loss reference RS indexes of the multiple path loss reference RSs may include one or more path loss reference RS indexes of the one or more path loss reference RSs. In an example, each path loss reference RS of the one or more path loss reference RSs may be identified by (or may include) a corresponding path loss reference RS index of one or more path loss reference RS indexes in the multiple path loss reference RS indexes. In an example, a first path loss reference RS of the one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., Figure 22 The PL-RS 45 in the example may be identified by a first path loss reference RS index in the one or more path loss reference RS indexes (or may include the first path loss reference RS index). In an example, a second path loss reference RS in the one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., Figure 22 The PL-RS 62 in the embodiment may be identified by a second path loss reference RS index, etc., among the one or more path loss reference RS indexes (or may include the first path loss reference RS index, etc.).

[0341] In an example, the wireless device may receive an activation command (e.g., Figure 22 At time T1 in ( ). In an example, the activation command may be a MAC CE (e.g., a PUCCH spatial relation activation / deactivation MAC CE, an SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE). In an example, the activation command may be an RRC message (e.g., an RRC reconfiguration). In an example, the activation command may be a DCI (e.g., including an uplink grant or a downlink assignment).

[0342] In an example, the activation command may update a mapping between a plurality of spatial relationship information and one or more uplink resources.

[0343] In an example, updating the mapping between multiple spatial relationship information and one or more uplink resources may include mapping at least one spatial relationship information among the multiple spatial relationship information to at least one uplink resource among the one or more uplink resources (or updating / selecting / activating the at least one spatial relationship information for the at least one uplink resource).

[0344] In an example, the mapping of at least one spatial relationship information to at least one uplink resource (or the updating / selection / activation of at least one spatial relationship information for at least one uplink resource) may be a one-to-one mapping. In the one-to-one mapping, the spatial relationship information of the at least one spatial relationship information may be mapped to a first uplink resource among the one or more uplink resources (or updated / selected / activated for the first uplink resource). Based on the mapping being a one-to-one mapping, the spatial relationship information may not be mapped to a second uplink resource among the one or more uplink resources that is different from the first uplink resource (or updated / selected / activated for the second uplink resource). Figure 22 , SpatialRelationInfo-2 is mapped (or linked) to uplink resource 0, and SpatialRelationInfo-3 is mapped (or linked) to uplink resource 2.

[0345] In an example, the mapping of at least one spatial relationship information to at least one uplink resource (or the updating / selection / activation of at least one spatial relationship information for at least one uplink resource) may be a one-to-many mapping. In the one-to-many mapping, the spatial relationship information of at least one spatial relationship information may be mapped to at least two uplink resources among one or more uplink resources (or updated / selected / activated for the at least two uplink resources). For example, in Figure 22For one-to-many mapping, SpatialRelationInfo-2 may be mapped to uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 2 (or updated / selected / activated for uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 2). SpatialRelationInfo-3 may be mapped to uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 2 (or updated / selected / activated for uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 2).

[0346] In an example, the mapping of at least one spatial relationship information to at least one uplink resource (or the updating / selection / activation of at least one spatial relationship information for at least one uplink resource) may be a many-to-one mapping. In the many-to-one mapping, at least two spatial relationship information in the at least one spatial relationship information may be mapped to an uplink resource in one or more uplink resources (or updated / selected / activated for the uplink resource). For example, in Figure 22 For many-to-one mapping, SpatialRelationInfo-2 and SpatialRelationInfo-3 may be mapped to uplink resource 0 (or updated / selected / activated for uplink resource 0). SpatialRelationInfo-2 and SpatialRelationInfo-3 may be mapped to uplink resource 2 (or updated / selected / activated for uplink resource 2).

[0347] In an example, mapping at least one spatial relationship information to at least one uplink resource (or updating / selecting / activating the at least one spatial relationship information for the at least one uplink resource) may include mapping each spatial relationship information in the at least one spatial relationship information to a corresponding uplink resource in the at least one uplink resource (or updating / selecting / activating / indicating each spatial relationship information for the corresponding uplink resource). Figure 22 In the at least one spatial relationship information, SpatialRelationInfo-2 and SpatialRelationInfo-3 may be included. The at least one uplink resource may include uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 2. Based on receiving the activation command, SpatialRelationInfo-2 is mapped to uplink resource 0 (or updated / selected / activated for uplink resource 0), and SpatialRelationInfo-3 is mapped to uplink resource 2 (or updated / selected / activated for uplink resource 2).

[0348] In an example, the activation command may include a first field indicating at least one spatial relationship information (eg, Figure 23) and a second field indicating at least one uplink resource (e.g., Figure 23 The activation command may include a first field indicating each spatial relationship information in the at least one spatial relationship information and a second field indicating each uplink resource in the at least one uplink resource. The activation command may include a first field indicating the spatial relationship information in the at least one spatial relationship information and a second field indicating the uplink resource in the at least one uplink resource. The first field indicating the spatial relationship information may include: the first field includes a spatial relationship index indicating the spatial relationship in the spatial relationship information index. The second field indicating the uplink resource may include: the second field includes an uplink resource index indicating the uplink resource in one or more uplink resource indexes. Based on the first field indicating the spatial relationship information and the second field indicating the uplink resource, the wireless device may map the spatial relationship information to the uplink resource (or update / select / activate the spatial relationship information for the uplink resource). Mapping the spatial relationship information to the uplink resource (or updating / selecting / activating the spatial relationship information for the uplink resource) may include updating / activating the spatial relationship information of the uplink resource. In an example, the first field may indicate SpatialRelationInfo-2 (for example, Figure 23 The spatial relationship information ID_0 in the second field may indicate uplink resource 0 (eg, Figure 23 Based on the first field indicating SpatialRelationInfo-2 and the second field indicating uplink resource 0, the wireless device may map SpatialRelationInfo-2 to uplink resource 0 (or update / select / activate SpatialRelationInfo-2 for uplink resource 0). In an example, the first field may indicate SpatialRelationInfo-3 (e.g., Figure 23 The spatial relationship information ID_1 in the second field may indicate uplink resource 2 (eg, Figure 23 Based on the first field indicating SpatialRelationInfo-3 and the second field indicating uplink resource 2, the wireless device may map SpatialRelationInfo-3 to uplink resource 2 (or update / select / activate SpatialRelationInfo-2 for uplink resource 0). In an example, based on the first field indicating at least one spatial relationship information and the second field indicating at least one uplink resource, the wireless device may map at least one spatial relationship information (e.g., Figure 22SpatialRelationInfo-2 and SpatialRelationInfo-3 in the MAC address are mapped to at least one uplink resource (e.g., Figure 22 Uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 2 in the uplink resource) (or updating / selecting / activating the at least one spatial relationship information for the at least one uplink resource).

[0349] In an example, mapping at least one spatial relationship information to at least one uplink resource (or updating / selecting / activating the at least one spatial relationship information for the at least one uplink resource) may include mapping at least one path loss reference RS indicated by the at least one spatial relationship information among a plurality of path loss reference RSs to the at least one uplink resource (or updating / selecting / activating the at least one path loss reference RS for the at least one uplink resource). In an example, mapping at least one spatial relationship information to at least one uplink resource (or updating / selecting / activating the at least one spatial relationship information for the at least one uplink resource) may include mapping the path loss reference RS indicated by each spatial relationship information in the at least one spatial relationship information to a corresponding uplink resource in the at least one uplink resource (or updating / selecting / activating the path loss reference RS for the corresponding uplink resource). For example, in Figure 22 , at least one path loss reference RS is PL-RS 45 and PL-RS 62. In an example, each spatial relationship information in the at least one spatial relationship information may indicate a corresponding path loss reference RS of at least one path loss reference RS among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, first spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-2) of the at least one spatial relationship information may indicate a first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45) of at least one path loss reference RS among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. Second spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-3) of the at least one spatial relationship information may indicate a second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 62) of at least one path loss reference RS among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. In an example, Figure 22In the embodiment, based on receiving the activation command, the wireless device may map the first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45) in the first spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-2) to the first uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0) of at least one uplink resource (or update / select / activate the first path loss reference RS for the first uplink resource) and map the second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 62) in the second spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-3) to the second uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 2) of the at least one uplink resource (or update / select / activate the second path loss reference RS for the second uplink resource).

[0350] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate at least one path loss reference RS index of at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id). The multiple path loss reference RS indexes of the multiple path loss reference RSs may include at least one path loss reference RS index of the at least one path loss reference RS. In an example, each path loss reference RS of the at least one path loss reference RS may be identified by (or may include) a corresponding path loss reference RS index of at least one path loss reference RS index of the multiple path loss reference RS indexes. In an example, a first path loss reference RS of the at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., Figure 22 The PL-RS 45 in the at least one path loss reference RS index may be identified by (or may include) a first path loss reference RS index in the at least one path loss reference RS index. In an example, a second path loss reference RS in the at least one path loss reference RS index (e.g., Figure 22 The PL-RS 62 in the at least one path loss reference RS index may be identified by (or may include) a second path loss reference RS index in the at least one path loss reference RS index.

[0351] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate at least one spatial relationship information index of at least one inter-relationship information (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfoId). The spatial relationship information index of the plurality of spatial relationship information may include at least one spatial relationship information index of at least one spatial relationship information. In an example, each spatial relationship information in the at least one spatial relationship information may be identified by (or may include) a corresponding spatial relationship information index of at least one spatial relationship information index in the spatial relationship information index. In an example, the first spatial relationship information in the at least one spatial relationship information (e.g., Figure 22 The SpatialRelationInfo-2 in the at least one spatial relationship information index may be identified by (or may include) the first spatial relationship information index in the at least one spatial relationship information index. The second spatial relationship information in the at least one spatial relationship information index (e.g., Figure 22 The SpatialRelationInfo-3) in the at least one spatial relationship information index may be identified by (or may include) a second spatial relationship information index in the at least one spatial relationship information index.

[0352] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate at least one uplink resource index of the at least one uplink resource (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-ResourceId). The one or more uplink resource indexes of the one or more uplink resources may include at least one uplink resource index of the at least one uplink resource. In an example, each uplink resource of the at least one uplink resource may be identified by (or may include) a corresponding uplink resource index of at least one of the one or more uplink resource indexes. In an example, a first uplink resource of the at least one uplink resource (e.g., Figure 22 The uplink resource in the at least one uplink resource (e.g., the uplink resource in the at least one uplink resource) may be identified by (or may include) a first uplink resource index in the at least one uplink resource index. Figure 22 The uplink resource in -2) can be identified by a second uplink resource index in the at least one uplink resource index (or can include the second uplink resource index).

[0353] In an example, based on receiving an activation command, the wireless device may stop tracking / measuring one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, PL-RS 3). Based on receiving the activation command, the wireless device may start tracking / measuring at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45, PL-RS 62). In an example, a first number of the one or more path loss reference RSs and the at least one path loss reference RS may be greater than (or larger than) a specified number. In an example, a first number of different path loss reference RSs in the one or more path loss reference RSs and the at least one path loss reference RS may be greater than (or larger than) a specified number. In an example, stopping tracking / measuring the one or more path loss reference RSs may be based on the first number being greater than the specified number.

[0354] In an example, upon receiving an activation command, the wireless device may stop tracking / measuring a subset of one or more path loss reference RSs (e.g., PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, PL-RS 3). The wireless device may continue measuring / tracking one or more second path loss reference RSs different from the subset of the one or more path loss reference RSs. Upon receiving the activation command, the wireless device may begin tracking / measuring at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45, PL-RS 62). The wireless device may track / measure the at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45, PL-RS 62) and the one or more second path loss reference RSs. In an example, the first number of the one or more path loss reference RSs and the at least one path loss reference RS may be greater than (or larger than) a specified number. In an example, the first number of different path loss reference RSs in the one or more path loss reference RSs and the at least one path loss reference RS may be greater than (or larger than) a specified number. In an example, stopping tracking / measuring the subset of the one or more path loss reference RSs may be based on the first number being greater than the specified number. For example, when i) the number is four, ii) the one or more path loss reference RSs include PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, and PL-RS 3, and iii) at least one path loss reference RS includes PL-RS 45 and PL-RS 62, the wireless device may stop tracking / measuring PL-RS 2 and PL-RS 3 and may track / measure PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 45, and PL-RS 62. The subset of the one or more path loss reference RSs includes PL-RS 2 and PL-RS 3. The one or more second path loss reference RSs include PL-RS 0 and PL-RS 1. For example, when i) the number is four, ii) the one or more path loss reference RSs include PL-RS 0, PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, and PL-RS 3, and iii) at least one path loss reference RS includes PL-RS 8, PL-RS 45, and PL-RS 62, the wireless device may stop tracking / measuring PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, and PL-RS 3 and may track / measure PL-RS 0, PL-RS 8, PL-RS 45, and PL-RS 62. The subset of the one or more path loss reference RSs includes PL-RS 1, PL-RS 2, and PL-RS 3. The one or more second path loss reference RSs include PL-RS 0.

[0355] In an example, the wireless device may determine to transmit uplink information / signaling via an uplink resource in one or more uplink resources. In an example, the wireless device may determine that the uplink resource for transmitting the uplink information / signaling is not configured with spatial relationship information (e.g., PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo) / is not activated by spatial relationship information / is not updated by spatial relationship information / is not provided with spatial relationship information. At least one uplink resource (e.g., Figure 22 Uplink resources 0 and uplink resources 2 in ) may not include uplink resources (e.g., Figure 22 Uplink resource 1 in ). Activation command (e.g., in Figure 22 In an example, the uplink resource that is not configured with spatial relationship information / not activated by spatial relationship information / not updated by spatial relationship information / not provided with spatial relationship information may include: one or more configuration parameters not indicating spatial relationship information (e.g., Figure 22 One or more configuration parameters may not indicate uplink resources (e.g., Figure 22 In an example, an uplink resource that is not configured with spatial relationship information / not activated by spatial relationship information / not updated by spatial relationship information / not provided with spatial relationship information may include: one or more configuration parameters not for uplink resources (e.g., Figure 22 The uplink resource 1) in the uplink resource indicates the spatial relationship information in the multiple spatial relationship information.

[0356] In an example, an uplink resource that is not configured with spatial relationship information / not activated by spatial relationship information / not updated by spatial relationship information / not provided with spatial relationship information may include: an activation command (e.g., received at time T1) that does not map spatial relationship information among multiple spatial relationship information to an uplink resource (or updates / selects / activates / indicates the spatial relationship information for the uplink resource). An activation command that does not map spatial relationship information to an uplink resource (or updates / selects / activates / indicates the spatial relationship information for the uplink resource) may include: the activation command does not indicate an uplink resource (or does not include a second field indicating an uplink resource).

[0357] In the example, uplink resources that are not configured with spatial relationship information / not activated by spatial relationship information / not updated by spatial relationship information / not provided with spatial relationship information may include: not receiving an activation command (e.g., PUCCH spatial relationship activation / deactivation MAC CE, SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE) to map spatial relationship information from multiple spatial relationship information to uplink resources (or update / select / activate / indicate the spatial relationship information for the uplink resources).

[0358] In an example, the uplink information / signaling may include a PUCCH transmission. In an example, the uplink information / signaling may include uplink control information (UCI). The UCI may include HARQ-ACK information (e.g., ACK, NACK). The UCI may include a scheduling request (SR). The UCI may include a CSI report. In an example, the uplink information / signaling may include an SRS transmission.

[0359] In an example, the uplink resources may be / include PUCCH resources. In an example, the wireless device may transmit via the uplink resources based on receiving a DCI that schedules a transport block (e.g., PDSCH). The DCI may include a field (e.g., a PUCCH resource indicator field) indicating the uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH resources) used for PUCCH transmission (e.g., HARQ-ACK information / feedback). The wireless device may transmit the HARQ-ACK information / feedback of the transport block in the PUCCH transmission via the uplink resources. In an example, the wireless device may transmit an SR via the uplink resources for requesting an uplink grant (or for requesting UL-SCH resources). In an example, the wireless device may transmit a CSI report (e.g., periodically) via the uplink resources. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the uplink resources used for the CSI report.

[0360] In an example, based on determining that the uplink resource is not configured with spatial relationship information / not activated by spatial relationship information / not updated by spatial relationship information / not provided with spatial relationship information, Figure 22 At time T2 in the wireless device, the wireless device may select / determine a path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45 and PL-RS 62) from among at least one path loss reference RS. The wireless device may determine / estimate the transmission power for transmitting uplink information / signaling via the uplink resource based on the (selected / determined) path loss reference RS.

[0361] In an example, the wireless device may use / measure a path loss RS (e.g., CSI-RS, SS / PBCH, e.g., provided by higher layer parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId) indicated by a path loss reference RS to determine transmission power. The path loss reference RS may include an index indicating / identifying the path loss RS (e.g., referenceSignal, csi-RS index, ssb-Index). Determining / estimating transmission power based on a (selected / determined) path loss reference RS may include determining / estimating transmission power based on a path loss RS indicated by the path loss reference RS. Determining / estimating transmission power based on the path loss RS may include estimating downlink path loss estimation of transmission power based on (e.g., measuring) the path loss RS (e.g., L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP, or higher filtered RSRP of the path loss RS).

[0362] In an example, based on the determined transmission power, the wireless device may transmit uplink information / signaling based on the determined / estimated transmission power via the uplink resources. In an example, based on the determined / estimated transmission power, the wireless device may transmit uplink information / signaling based on the transmission power via the uplink resources. In an example, based on the determined / estimated transmission power, the wireless device may transmit uplink information / signaling with the transmission power via the uplink resources. In an example, based on the determined / estimated transmission power, the wireless device may transmit uplink information / signaling based on the downlink path loss estimate via the uplink resources.

[0363] In an example, selecting / determining a path loss reference RS from among the at least one path loss reference RS may include selecting / determining a path loss reference RS from among the at least one path loss reference RS, the path loss reference RS having a lowest (or highest) path loss reference index from among the at least one path loss reference RS indexes of the at least one path loss reference RS. Figure 22In the embodiment of the present invention, when the first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45) has a lower first path loss reference index than the second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 62), the wireless device may select or determine the first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45) as the path loss reference RS. When the first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45) has a higher first path loss reference index than the second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 62), the wireless device may select or determine the second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 62) as the path loss reference RS. The at least one path loss reference RS may include the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS. The at least one path loss reference RS index may include the first path loss reference RS index and the second path loss reference RS index.

[0364] In an example, selecting / determining a path loss reference RS from among the at least one path loss reference RS may include selecting / determining a path loss reference RS from among the at least one path loss reference RS, the path loss reference RS being indicated by spatial relationship information from among the at least one spatial relationship information, the spatial relationship information having a lowest (or highest) spatial relationship information index from among the at least one spatial relationship information indexes. Figure 22 In the embodiment of the present invention, when the first spatial relationship information index of the first spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-2) is lower than (or higher than) the second spatial relationship information index of the second spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-3), the wireless device may select / determine the first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45) indicated by the first spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-2) as the path loss reference RS. When the first spatial relationship information index of the first spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-2) is higher than (or lower than) the second spatial relationship information index of the second spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-3), the wireless device may select / determine the second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 62) indicated by the second spatial relationship information (e.g., SpatialRelationInfo-3) as the path loss reference RS. The at least one spatial relationship information index may include the first spatial relationship information index and the second spatial relationship information index. The at least one spatial relationship information may include the first spatial relationship information and the second spatial relationship information. The at least one path loss reference RS may include the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS.

[0365] In an example, selecting / determining a path loss reference RS from among the at least one path loss reference RS may include selecting / determining a path loss reference RS from among the at least one path loss reference RS, the path loss reference RS being mapped to (or updated / selected / activated for) an uplink resource from among the at least one uplink resource, the uplink resource having a lowest (or highest) uplink resource index from among the at least one uplink resource indexes. For example, in Figure 22 In the embodiment of the present invention, when the first uplink resource index of a first uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0) is lower than (or higher than) the second uplink resource index of a second uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 2), the wireless device may select / determine a first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45) mapped to the first uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0) (or updated / selected / activated for the first uplink resource) as the path loss reference RS. When the first uplink resource index of the first uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0) is higher than (or lower than) the second uplink resource index of the second uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 2), the wireless device may select / determine a second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 62) mapped to the second uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 2) (or updated / selected / activated for the second uplink resource) as the path loss reference RS. The at least one path loss reference RS may include the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS. The at least one uplink resource may include a first uplink resource and a second uplink resource. The at least one uplink resource index may include a first uplink resource index and a second uplink resource index.

[0366] In an example, selecting / determining a path loss reference RS from at least one path loss reference RS may include selecting / determining a path loss reference RS from at least one path loss reference RS, the path loss reference RS being mapped to an uplink resource from at least one uplink resource (or being updated / selected / activated for the uplink resource), the uplink resource having an uplink resource index from at least one uplink resource index that is equal to a certain value. In an example, the value may be zero. For example, in Figure 22In the embodiment of the present invention, when the first uplink resource index of a first uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0) is equal to the value (e.g., zero), the wireless device may select / determine the first path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45) mapped to the first uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0) (or updated / selected / activated for the first uplink resource) as the path loss reference RS. When the second uplink resource index of a second uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 2) is equal to the value (e.g., zero), the wireless device may select the second path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 62) mapped to the second uplink resource (or updated / selected / activated for the second uplink resource) as the path loss reference RS. The at least one uplink resource may include the first uplink resource and the second uplink resource. The at least one uplink resource index may include the first uplink resource index and the second uplink resource index. The at least one path loss reference RS may include the first path loss reference RS and the second path loss reference RS.

[0367] In an example, the activation command may include a field indicating a (selected / determined) path loss reference RS. The field indicating the path loss reference RS may include: the field including a path loss reference index of the path loss reference RS (or identifying the path loss reference RS). In an example, the plurality of path loss reference RS indices may include a path loss reference index. In an example, determining / selecting the path loss reference RS may include determining / selecting the path loss reference RS indicated by the activation command.

[0368] In an example, a first field of an activation command indicating at least one spatial relationship may include: the first field includes one or more spatial relationship information entries (e.g., spatial relationship information ID_0, spatial relationship information ID_1). In an example, a first spatial relationship information entry (e.g., spatial relationship information ID_0) among the one or more spatial relationship information entries may indicate spatial relationship information indicating a (determined / selected) path loss reference RS. At least one spatial relationship information may include spatial relationship information. At least one path loss reference RS may include a (determined / selected) path loss reference RS. The first spatial relationship information entry may include a spatial relationship information index indicating the spatial relationship information. At least one spatial relationship information index may include a spatial relationship information index. The first spatial relationship information entry may include the lowest octet of the activation command (e.g., Figure 23

[0066] The spatial relationship information index in octet 2 of the activation command may be a spatial relationship information index in octet 2 of the activation command. Determining / selecting the path loss reference RS may include determining / selecting the path loss reference RS indicated by the first spatial relationship information entry of the activation command. Each of the one or more spatial relationship information entries in the activation command may be associated with corresponding spatial relationship information indicating a path loss reference RS in the at least one spatial relationship information (or may identify the corresponding spatial relationship information or may indicate the corresponding spatial relationship information).

[0369] In an example, the wireless device may determine to transmit uplink information / signaling via a second uplink resource among the one or more uplink resources. In an example, the wireless device may determine that the second uplink resource for transmitting uplink information / signaling is configured with spatial relationship information (e.g., PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo) / activated by spatial relationship information / updated by spatial relationship information / provided with spatial relationship information / indicated by spatial relationship information. At least one uplink resource (e.g., Figure 22 The uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 2 in the activation command may include a second uplink resource. Figure 22 In the example, the second uplink resource configured with spatial relationship information / activated by spatial relationship information / updated by spatial relationship information / provided with spatial relationship information / indicated by spatial relationship information may include: one or more configuration parameters indicating one or more spatial relationship information (e.g., Figure 22 The one or more configuration parameters may indicate the second uplink resource (e.g., Figure 22 In an example, the second uplink resource configured with spatial relationship information / activated by spatial relationship information / updated by spatial relationship information / provided with spatial relationship information / indicated by spatial relationship information may include: one or more configuration parameters for the second uplink resource (e.g., Figure 22 Uplink resource 0, uplink resource 2) in indicates spatial relationship information among multiple spatial relationship information.

[0370] In an example, a second uplink resource that is not configured with spatial relationship information / not activated by spatial relationship information / not updated by spatial relationship information / not provided with spatial relationship information / not indicated by spatial relationship information may include: an activation command (e.g., received at time T1) mapping spatial relationship information from a plurality of spatial relationship information to the second uplink resource (or updating / selecting / activating / indicating the spatial relationship information for the second uplink resource). The activation command that maps the spatial relationship information to the second uplink resource (or updates / selecting / activating / indicating the spatial relationship information for the second uplink resource) may include: the activation command indicating the second uplink resource (or including a second field indicating the second uplink resource).

[0371] In an example, a second uplink resource configured with spatial relationship information / activated by spatial relationship information / updated by spatial relationship information / provided with spatial relationship information / indicated by spatial relationship information may include: receiving an activation command (e.g., PUCCH spatial relationship activation / deactivation MAC CE, SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE) to map spatial relationship information from multiple spatial relationship information to a second uplink resource (or to update / select / activate / indicate the spatial relationship information for the second uplink resource).

[0372] In an example, the spatial relationship information of the second uplink resource may indicate a path loss reference RS (e.g., PL-RS 45 or PL-RS 62) of at least one path loss reference RS among a plurality of path loss reference RSs. The wireless device may determine / estimate the transmission power for transmitting uplink information / signaling via the second uplink resource based on the path loss reference RS indicated by the spatial relationship information configured / activated / updated / provided for the second uplink resource (or indicated by the second uplink resource).

[0373] In an example, the wireless device may use / measure a path loss RS (e.g., CSI-RS, SS / PBCH, e.g., provided by higher layer parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId) indicated by a path loss reference RS to determine transmission power. The path loss reference RS may include an index indicating / identifying the path loss RS (e.g., referenceSignal, csi-RS index, ssb-Index). Determining / estimating transmission power based on a (selected / determined) path loss reference RS may include determining / estimating transmission power based on a path loss RS indicated by the path loss reference RS. Determining / estimating transmission power based on the path loss RS may include estimating downlink path loss estimation of transmission power based on (e.g., measuring) the path loss RS (e.g., L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP, or higher filtered RSRP of the path loss RS).

[0374] In an example, based on the determined transmission power, the wireless device may transmit uplink information / signaling based on the determined / estimated transmission power via the second uplink resource. In an example, based on the determined / estimated transmission power, the wireless device may transmit uplink information / signaling based on the transmission power via the second uplink resource. In an example, based on the determined / estimated transmission power, the wireless device may transmit uplink information / signaling with the transmission power via the second uplink resource. In an example, based on the determined / estimated transmission power, the wireless device may transmit uplink information / signaling based on the downlink path loss estimate via the second uplink resource.

[0375] Figure 24 is in accordance with Figure 21 An exemplary flow chart of power control according to aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure discussed in .

[0376] Figure 25 is in accordance with Figure 22 An exemplary flow chart of power control according to aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure discussed in .

[0377] In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more messages. The one or more messages may include one or more configuration parameters for a cell (or an active uplink BWP for a cell, or an active uplink BWP for an uplink carrier of a cell). The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of path loss reference signals (RSs) for path loss estimation of an uplink transmission (e.g., a PUCCH transmission).

[0378] In an example, the wireless device may receive an activation command to update / activate / select at least one path loss reference RS among a plurality of path loss reference RSs.

[0379] In an example, the wireless device may determine to transmit uplink information / signaling (e.g., UCI, HARQ-ACK, CSI report, SR, PUCCH, etc.) via uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH resources). The cell (or the active uplink BWP of the cell, or the active uplink BWP of the uplink carrier of the cell) may include the uplink resources. The wireless device may determine that the uplink resources are not configured with spatial relationship information / not activated by spatial relationship information / not updated by spatial relationship information / not provided with spatial relationship information / not indicated by spatial relationship information. Based on determining that the uplink resources are not configured with spatial relationship information / not activated by spatial relationship information / not updated by spatial relationship information / not provided with spatial relationship information / not indicated by spatial relationship information, the wireless device may select / determine a path loss reference RS from a plurality of path loss reference RSs to estimate / determine transmission power.

[0380] In an example, the wireless device may transmit uplink information / signaling with (or based on) the transmission power via the uplink resources.

[0381] In an example, selecting / determining the path loss reference RS may be based on the path loss reference RS index of the path loss reference RS being the lowest (or highest) among multiple path loss reference RS indices of the multiple path loss reference RSs. One or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple path loss reference RS indices.

[0382] In an example, selecting / determining a path loss reference RS may include selecting a second uplink resource different from an uplink resource, the second uplink resource being configured with spatial relationship information / activated by spatial relationship information / updated by spatial relationship information / provided with spatial relationship information / indicated by spatial relationship information. The activation command may map the spatial relationship information indicating the path loss reference RS to the second uplink resource (or activate / select / provide / indicate the spatial relationship information for the second uplink resource). One or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more uplink resources including the uplink resource and the second uplink resource. In an example, the second uplink resource may be identified by an uplink resource index equal to a certain value. The value may be fixed / preconfigured / predefined (e.g., zero, one, etc.). One or more configuration parameters may indicate the value. In an example, the second uplink resource may be identified by the lowest (or highest) uplink resource index among at least one uplink resource index of the at least one uplink resource. The one or more uplink resources may include at least one uplink resource. The activation command may indicate the at least one uplink resource.

[0383] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple uplink resource group indexes (or coreset group indexes, coreset pool indexes, PUCCH group indexes, PUCCH resource group indexes, antenna panel indexes, or uplink resource group indexes, etc.) of one or more uplink resources. In an example, each uplink resource of the one or more uplink resources may be indicated by a corresponding uplink resource group index of the multiple uplink resource group indexes (or may be associated with the corresponding uplink resource group index, or may be configured with the corresponding uplink resource group index, or may include the corresponding uplink resource group index). In an example, a first uplink resource of the one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 22 The uplink resource 0 in the one or more uplink resources may be indicated by a first uplink resource group index (e.g., 0, 1, 2) among the multiple uplink resource group indexes (or may be associated with the first uplink resource group index, or may be configured with the first uplink resource group index, or may include the first uplink resource group index). The second uplink resource of the one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 22 The uplink resource 1 in the one or more uplink resources may be indicated by a second uplink resource group index (e.g., 0, 1, 2) among the multiple uplink resource group indexes (or may be associated with the second uplink resource group index, or may be configured with the second uplink resource group index, or may include the second uplink resource group index). A third uplink resource of the one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 22 The uplink resource 2) can be indicated by a third uplink resource group index (e.g., 0, 1, 2) among multiple uplink resource group indices (or can be associated with the third uplink resource group index, or can be configured with the third uplink resource group index, or can include the third uplink resource group index).

[0384] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate a respective uplink resource group index (eg, 0, 1, 2) of a plurality of uplink resource group indices for each of the one or more uplink resources.

[0385] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters indicating a plurality of uplink resource group indices may include: the one or more configuration parameters indicating a plurality of uplink resource groups (e.g., uplink resource group 1, uplink resource group 2, etc.). Each uplink resource group index in the plurality of uplink resource group indices may identify / indicate a corresponding uplink resource group in the plurality of uplink resource groups.

[0386] For example, the active uplink BWP of a cell may include multiple uplink resource groups. In an example, the multiple uplink resource groups may include one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 22 Each uplink resource group in the plurality of uplink resource groups may include one or more corresponding uplink resources (e.g., for uplink resource group 1, Figure 22 Uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 1 in the uplink resource group; for uplink resource group 2, Figure 22 In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more uplink resources grouped into a plurality of uplink resource groups.

[0387] In an example, the plurality of uplink resource groups may include a first uplink resource group (e.g., uplink resource group 1) and a second uplink resource group (e.g., uplink resource group 2). The first uplink resource group may include one or more first uplink resources (e.g., Figure 22 The second uplink resource group may include one or more second uplink resources (e.g., uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 1) of the one or more uplink resources. Figure 22 Uplink resources in 2).

[0388] In an example, the wireless device may be served (e.g., transmitted) by multiple TRPs including a first TRP and a second TRP. The first TRP may receive an uplink signal / channel (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS) from the wireless device via a first uplink resource group. Receiving the uplink signal / channel via the first uplink resource group may include: the first TRP receives (or monitors) the uplink signal / channel via uplink resources in the first uplink resource group (e.g., uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 1). The first TRP may not receive the uplink signal / channel via the second uplink resource group. Receiving the uplink signal / channel not via the second uplink resource group may include: the first TRP not receiving the uplink signal / channel via the uplink resources in the second uplink resource group (e.g., uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 1). Figure 22 The second TRP may receive (or monitor) an uplink signal / channel via the uplink resources in the second uplink resource group. The second TRP may receive an uplink signal / channel from the wireless device via the second uplink resource group. Receiving an uplink signal / channel via the second uplink resource group may include: the second TRP receives (or monitors) an uplink signal / channel via the uplink resources in the second uplink resource group (e.g., Figure 22The second TRP receives (or monitors) an uplink signal / channel via uplink resources 0 and uplink resource 1 in the first uplink resource group. The second TRP may not receive the uplink signal / channel via the first uplink resource group. Receiving the uplink signal / channel via the first uplink resource group may include: the second TRP does not receive (or monitor) the uplink signal / channel via the uplink resources in the first uplink resource group (e.g., uplink resource 0 and uplink resource 1).

[0389] In an example, the uplink resource in the one or more uplink resources indicated by an uplink resource group index in a plurality of uplink resource group indexes (or associated with the uplink resource group index, or configured with the uplink resource group index, or including the uplink resource group index) may include: one or more configuration parameters indicating the uplink resource group index of the uplink resource. In an example, the uplink resource set may include a first uplink resource in / from a first uplink resource group / among the first uplink resource group (e.g., Figure 22 1) and a second uplink resource in / from the second uplink resource group / among the second uplink resource group (e.g., Figure 22 2). The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more uplink resource sets comprising the uplink resource set.

[0390] In an example, the uplink resource in the one or more uplink resources indicated by an uplink resource group index in the plurality of uplink resource group indexes (or associated with the uplink resource group index, or configured with the uplink resource group index, or including the uplink resource group index) may include: one or more configuration parameters indicating an uplink resource group index of an uplink resource set including the uplink resource. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more uplink resource sets including the uplink resource set. In an example, an uplink resource set including a first uplink resource in / from a first uplink resource group / within a first uplink resource group among the one or more uplink resource sets may not include a second uplink resource in / from a second uplink resource group / within a second uplink resource group. In an example, an uplink resource set including second uplink resources in / from the second uplink resource group / within the second uplink resource group in one or more uplink resource sets may not include first uplink resources in / from the first uplink resource group / within the first uplink resource group.

[0391] In an example, the wireless device may group a first uplink resource among one or more uplink resources, the first uplink resource having the same uplink resource group index in (the same) uplink resource group of a plurality of uplink resource groups (or indicated by the same uplink resource group index, or associated with the same uplink resource group index, or configured with the same uplink resource group index, or including the same uplink resource group index). In an example, the wireless device may group a second uplink resource among one or more uplink resources, the second uplink resource having different uplink resource group indexes in different uplink resource groups. In an example, the first uplink resource in the uplink resource group of the plurality of uplink resource groups may include the same uplink resource group index (or be configured with the same uplink resource group index, or be associated with the same uplink resource group index). In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate the same uplink resource group index for the first uplink resource in the uplink resource group. The first uplink resource group indexes of the first uplink resources in the uplink resource group may be the same / equal. In an example, the respective uplink resource group index of each uplink resource of the first uplink resource in the uplink resource group may be the same / equal.

[0392] In an example, one or more first uplink resources in the first uplink resource group may have / share / include the same uplink resource group index (e.g., 0, 1, 2, etc., e.g., the first uplink resource group index of uplink resource 0 and the second uplink resource group index of uplink resource 1 in the first uplink resource group are equal) (or are configured with the same uplink resource group index, or are associated with the same uplink resource group index, or are identified by the same uplink resource group index). In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate the same uplink resource group index for one or more first uplink resources in the first uplink resource group. In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate the same uplink resource group index for each uplink resource of the one or more first uplink resources in the first uplink resource group. In an example, the first uplink resources in the first uplink resource group (e.g., Figure 22 0) and a second uplink resource in the first uplink resource group (eg, Figure 22The wireless device may group the first uplink resource and the second uplink resource into a first uplink resource group based on the first uplink resource group index and the second uplink resource group index being the same or equal. Based on the first uplink resource group index and the second uplink resource group index being the same or equal, the first uplink resource and the second uplink resource may be in the same uplink resource group (e.g., the first uplink resource group).

[0393] In an example, one or more second uplink resources in the second uplink resource group may have / share / include the same uplink resource group index (e.g., 0, 1, 2, etc.) (or be configured with the same uplink resource group index, or be associated with the same uplink resource group index, or be identified by the same uplink resource group index). In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate the same uplink resource group index for the one or more second uplink resources in the second uplink resource group. In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate the same uplink resource group index for each of the one or more second uplink resources in the second uplink resource group. In an example, the first uplink resource in the second uplink resource group (e.g., Figure 22 The wireless device may group the first uplink resource and the second uplink resource in the second uplink resource group based on the first uplink resource group index and the second uplink resource group index being the same or equal. Based on the first uplink resource group index and the second uplink resource group index being the same or equal, the first uplink resource and the second uplink resource may be in the same uplink resource group (e.g., the second uplink resource group).

[0394] In an example, the first uplink resource (e.g., Figure 22 0) and a first uplink resource group index of a second uplink resource (eg, Figure 22The wireless device may group the first uplink resources and the second uplink resources into different uplink resource groups based on the first uplink resource group index and the second uplink resource group index being different. In an example, the wireless device may group the first uplink resources into a first uplink resource group. The wireless device may group the second uplink resources into a second uplink resource group different from the first uplink resource group based on the first uplink resource group index and the second uplink resource group index being different.

[0395] In an example, the plurality of resource group indexes may include a first uplink resource group index and a second uplink resource group index. The one or more uplink resources may include a first uplink resource and a second uplink resource. The plurality of uplink resource groups may include a first uplink resource group and a second uplink resource group.

[0396] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may not indicate an uplink resource group index for an uplink resource in the one or more uplink resources. Based on the one or more configuration parameters not indicating an uplink resource group index for an uplink resource, the wireless device may set / determine a value for the uplink resource group index for the uplink resource.

[0397] In an example, the value may be zero. In an example, the value may be one. In an example, the value may be two. In an example, the value may be three. In an example, the value may be fixed / preconfigured / predefined. In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate the value.

[0398] In an example, the wireless device may determine the value based on the coreset pool index of the coreset of the DCI that the wireless device receives to schedule a transport block (e.g., PDSCH). The DCI may include a field (e.g., a PUCCH resource indicator field) indicating uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH resources) used for PUCCH transmission (e.g., HARQ-ACK information / feedback). The wireless device may transmit HARQ-ACK information / feedback for the transport block in the PUCCH transmission via the uplink resources. One or more configuration parameters may indicate a coreset pool index for the coreset. Based on receiving a DCI indicating an uplink resource in / via a coreset with a coreset pool index, the wireless device may set / determine the value as the coreset pool index. The values ​​of the uplink resource group index and the coreset pool index of the uplink resource may be the same.

[0399] Figure 26is an exemplary flow chart of power control according to aspects of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0400] In an example, the wireless device may determine to transmit uplink information / signaling via an uplink resource of one or more uplink resources. In an example, the wireless device may determine that the uplink resource used for transmitting the uplink information / signaling is not configured with spatial relationship information (e.g., PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo), is not activated by the spatial relationship information, is not updated by the spatial relationship information, or is not provided with the spatial relationship information.

[0401] In an example, the wireless device may select / determine at least one selected uplink resource of the at least one uplink resource, the selected uplink resource having a selected uplink resource group index that is equal to (or the same as) the uplink resource group index of the uplink resource. In an example, the wireless device may select / determine the at least one selected uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0) based on determining that the uplink resource is not configured with spatial relationship information / not activated by spatial relationship information / not updated by spatial relationship information / not provided with spatial relationship information. The multiple uplink resource group indexes may include the selected uplink resource group index of (each of) the at least one selected uplink resource and the uplink resource group index of the uplink resource. Each of the at least one selected uplink resource may include (or be indicated by / associated with) the selected uplink resource group index, the selected uplink resource group index being equal to the uplink resource group index of the uplink resource. The selected uplink resource group index of each uplink resource of the at least one selected uplink resource may be equal to (or the same as) the uplink resource group index of the uplink resource.

[0402] In an example, at least one selected uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0) and an uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 1) may be in the same uplink resource group of a plurality of uplink resource groups. A first uplink resource group of the at least one selected uplink resource and a second uplink resource group of the uplink resource may be the same. The plurality of uplink resource groups may include a first uplink resource group and a second uplink resource group.

[0403] For example, in Figure 22In the embodiment of the present invention, at least one uplink resource may include a first uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0) and a second uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 2). The first uplink resource group index of the first uplink resource may be equal to 0. The second uplink resource group index of the second uplink resource may be equal to 1. When the uplink resource group index of the uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 1) is equal to 0, based on the first uplink resource group index and the uplink resource group index of the uplink resource being equal (or the same), the at least one selected uplink resource includes the first uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 0). When the uplink resource group index of the uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 1) is equal to 1, based on the second uplink resource group index and the uplink resource group index of the uplink resource being equal (or the same), the at least one selected uplink resource includes the second uplink resource (e.g., uplink resource 2). The plurality of uplink resource group indexes may include a first uplink resource group index and a second uplink resource group index.

[0404] In an example, a wireless device may be equipped with multiple antenna panels.

[0405] In an example, an antenna panel among a plurality of antenna panels may be in one of an active state and an inactive state. In an example, the active state of the antenna panel may include monitoring downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH, RS) on / via the antenna panel / using the antenna panel. In an example, the active state of the antenna panel may include receiving downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH, RS) on / via the antenna panel / using the antenna panel. In an example, the active state of the antenna panel may include transmitting uplink signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUSCH, PRACH, SRS, etc.) on / via the antenna panel / using the antenna panel.

[0406] In an example, the deactivated state of the antenna panel may include not monitoring downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH, RS) on / via / with the antenna panel. In an example, the deactivated state of the antenna panel may include not receiving downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH, RS) on / via / with the antenna panel. In an example, the deactivated state of the antenna panel may include not transmitting uplink signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUS...

Claims

1. A method for power headroom reporting for dynamic path loss estimation, comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, one or more messages including one or more configuration parameters, the one or more configuration parameters including a path loss reference signal update parameter that enables an activation command to update a path loss reference signal of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH); determining, based on the one or more configuration parameters including the path loss reference signal update parameter, a path loss reference signal mapped to a sounding reference signal resource indicator (SRI-PUSCH) power control parameter set with an index equal to zero for power headroom reporting; as well as The power headroom report calculated based on the path loss estimate of the path loss reference signal is transmitted.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The power headroom report is a type 1 power headroom report.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The power headroom report indicates a difference between a nominal maximum transmission power and an estimated power for uplink transmissions via the PUSCH.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving the activation command to map the path loss reference signal to the SRI-PUSCH power control parameter set.

5. A wireless device comprising: one or more processors; as well as A memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the wireless device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A method for power headroom reporting for dynamic path loss estimation, comprising: sending, by the base station, one or more messages including one or more configuration parameters to the wireless device, the one or more configuration parameters including a path loss reference signal update parameter, the path loss reference signal update parameter enabling an activation command to update a path loss reference signal of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH); and receiving, from the wireless device and based on the one or more configuration parameters including the path loss reference signal update parameter, a power headroom report calculated based on a path loss estimate of a path loss reference signal, wherein: The path loss reference signal is mapped to a sounding reference signal resource indicator (SRI-PUSCH) power control parameter set with an index equal to zero.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The power headroom report is a type 1 power headroom report.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The power headroom report indicates a difference between a nominal maximum transmission power and an estimated power for uplink transmissions via the PUSCH.

10. The method of claim 7, further comprising receiving the activation command to map the path loss reference signal to the SRI-PUSCH power control parameter set.

11. A base station, comprising: one or more processors; and A memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the base station to perform the method according to any one of claims 7 to 10.

12. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method of any one of claims 7 to 10.

13. A system for power headroom reporting for dynamic path loss estimation, comprising: A base station comprising one or more first processors and a memory storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more first processors, cause the base station to: transmitting one or more messages including one or more configuration parameters, the one or more configuration parameters including a path loss reference signal update parameter, the path loss reference signal update parameter enabling an activation command to update a path loss reference signal of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH); as well as A wireless device comprising one or more second processors and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more second processors, cause the wireless device to: receiving the one or more messages; determining, based on the one or more configuration parameters including the path loss reference signal update parameter, a path loss reference signal mapped to a sounding reference signal resource indicator (SRI-PUSCH) power control parameter set with an index equal to zero for power headroom reporting; as well as The power headroom report calculated based on the path loss estimate of the path loss reference signal is transmitted to the base station.

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