A three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fish

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fish three-dimensional ecological polyculture method, which relates to the technical field of fishery ecological three-dimensional culture, including: step S10, construction and disinfection of a culture area; step S20, mapping, and determining the culture equipment according to the mapping results; step S30, constructing a three-dimensional culture space based on the mapping data, floating windows and blocking nets; step S40, according to the pre-planned, fish, shrimp and crab seedlings, and corresponding feeds are put into the corresponding area, and the total amount of seedlings in the culture area is estimated according to the mark-recapture method, and the amount of fish seedlings is supplemented. The culture area is sterilized twice, and the combination of bleaching powder and quicklime is used to sterilize more thoroughly. In the subsequent three-dimensional culture process, no water poisoning or pollution will occur, and the water body will be cleaner; the water body in the culture area is circulated and replaced to maintain the freshness of the water body, which can significantly reduce the input of drugs, reduce the cost of culture, improve the quality of aquatic products, and enhance the market competitiveness of aquatic products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fishery ecological three-dimensional breeding, and in particular to a three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fish. Background Art

[0002] Three-dimensional farming is developed on the basis of traditional farming models and can be seen as an efficient combination of multiple traditional farming models. It makes full use of the different attributes of various parts of the environment and the specific environment required for the survival of the crops and animals involved, combines them organically, and fully utilizes the different parts of the environment to maximize benefits on the same area of ​​land.

[0003] In the existing three-dimensional ecological farming, farmed fish seedlings have other food sources, such as aquatic cash crops, which makes it difficult for farmers to estimate the actual feed demand of fish. This can easily lead to too much or too little feed, insufficient food for the seedlings, or eutrophication of the water body, which ultimately affects the growth of the seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fish, which constructs a three-dimensional breeding space by constructing and disinfecting a breeding area; estimates the total amount of seedlings in the breeding area based on the mark-recapture method to form an estimation result, replenishes the amount of seedlings based on the estimation result, and circulates the water in the breeding area, thereby maintaining the freshness of the water and reducing the accumulation of pollutants in the water, thereby solving the problems in the background technology.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] 2. To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fish, comprising: step S10, construction and disinfection of aquaculture areas; step S20, mapping, and determining aquaculture equipment based on the mapping results; step S30, constructing a three-dimensional aquaculture space based on the mapping data, floating windows and nets; step S40, according to the pre-planned, putting fish, shrimp and crab seedlings, and corresponding feeds and decomposing microorganisms into the corresponding areas, wherein 80% of the fish seedlings are mainly cultivated species, and 20% of filter-feeding fish, omnivorous fish and carnivorous fish are cultivated to form a complex food chain and reduce the pollution load of aquaculture.

[0008] Furthermore, step S10 includes: step S11, draining all the water in the breeding area and cleaning all the fish, shrimps, crabs and other aquatic organisms in the breeding area; step S12, excavating and expanding the breeding area until it meets the predetermined depth; step S13, removing the rotten silt at the bottom of the water body and exposing the breeding area to the sun.

[0009] Furthermore, after step S13, the method further includes: step S14, keeping the breeding area substantially dry until cracks appear on the ground; and step S15, adding 5 to 7.5 kg of quicklime to each pond water area, dissolving it in 10 to 15 kg of water, repeatedly stirring it into lime slurry, and evenly spreading it in the fish pond.

[0010] Furthermore, after step S15, the method further includes: step S16, injecting natural water into the breeding area until a predetermined depth is reached; and step S17, selecting 1-3 kg of bleaching powder and evenly spreading it on the water surface of the fish pond.

[0011] Furthermore, the step S20 includes the following contents: step S21, determining the area, depth and other information of the aquaculture water body in the aquaculture area through surveying and mapping, and establishing a three-dimensional model; step S22, determining the specifications of the water circulation equipment based on the surveying and mapping data, so as to facilitate the circulation treatment of the water body, so that the limited water body becomes living water, the water body is often replaced and renewed, and the water condition is improved; step S23, determining the breeding quantity of fish, shrimp and crab seedlings and determining the specifications of the corresponding floating bed and net; step S24, dividing the aquaculture area to facilitate different aquaculture in different water bodies.

[0012] Furthermore, step S30 includes the following contents: step S31, making a multi-layer floating bed of corresponding specifications; wherein, the floating bed should cover 70% to 90% of the breeding area; the floating bed has a double-layer structure, and a partition is reserved between the two layers of floating beds for the upper fish to inhabit. Aquatic plants such as water plants on the top of the floating bed will block the sunlight, and the temperature of the surface water will provide a suitable living environment for the fish.

[0013] Furthermore, after step S31, there is step S32, planting economic plants in the part of the floating bed extending to the water surface, and supplying nutrients regularly; step S33, constructing a barrier net at the bottom of the breeding area, using the barrier net to divide the breeding area into several areas, the top of the barrier net extends to about one meter below the lower end of the floating bed, and different seedlings can be placed in different enclosed areas within the barrier net.

[0014] Further, step S34, wherein the double-layer floating bed can be assembled in a modular manner, with gaps between adjacent double-layer floating beds, which are not in contact with each other; aquatic plants are planted at the bottom of the breeding area so that they grow along the barrier net toward the water surface and extend into the gap between the two floating beds; step S35, the double-layer floating bed is provided with a closable structure, and a guardrail for closing the floating bed is provided at the extension, and the guardrail can simultaneously close or open the extension of the floating bed.

[0015] Further, step S40 includes, step S41, regularly testing the water pollution situation, and adjusting the water circulation efficiency according to the test results; if the test results show that the water pollution is serious and exceeds the threshold, quickly replacing the water as a whole; the replacement water source needs to come from natural water bodies, and there is no algae or other aquatic organisms in the water bodies; step S42, periodically weighing the seedlings in the breeding area, determining the current weight of the seedlings, fitting their production growth curves, and judging the current growth progress of the seedlings; step S43, judging the current feed demand of the seedlings according to their growth progress, and feeding them quantitatively.

[0016] Furthermore, after step S43, there is step S44, estimating the total amount of seedlings in the breeding area according to the mark-recapture method to form an estimation result; step S45, comparing the estimation result with the amount of fry input, and supplementing the amount of fry; step S46, judging the total amount of feed based on the total amount of seedlings in the area and their respective growth levels, and accurately feeding.

[0017] (III) Beneficial effects

[0018] The present invention provides a three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fishes, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The breeding area is sterilized twice using a combination of bleaching powder and quicklime to make the sterilization more thorough. In the subsequent three-dimensional breeding process, there will be no water poisoning or pollution, and the water will be cleaner. The water in the breeding area is recycled to maintain the freshness of the water, reduce the accumulation of pollutants in the water, and avoid low survival rates of seedlings.

[0020] Feeding according to the growth progress and total amount of fry can reduce feed waste and avoid insufficient feed, which leads to poor growth of fry. It can also avoid eutrophication of water bodies caused by feed deposition in water bodies.

[0021] Regionalized and three-dimensional aquaculture can increase the carrying capacity of the water in the aquaculture area, and can form a symbiotic relationship, increase the output of economic activities in the aquaculture area, and increase the economic benefits of the water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fishes of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example

[0025] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for three-dimensional ecological polyculture of fishes, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step S10, construction and disinfection of the breeding area;

[0027] Step S11, drain all the water in the breeding area, and clean up all the fish, shrimps, crabs and other aquatic organisms in the breeding area; avoid too many interfering fish in the water during breeding;

[0028] Step S12, excavating and expanding the breeding area until it meets a predetermined depth;

[0029] Step S13, remove the rotten sludge at the bottom of the water body and expose the breeding area to the sun to ensure that there are no other aquatic organisms in the breeding area. It can also play a preliminary disinfection role. The sludge can be used as farmland fertilizer.

[0030] When in use, the aquaculture area can be cleaned up by excavating and dredging the aquaculture area, removing other unnecessary crops, avoiding unnecessary interference, squeezing out living space and robbing nutrients, making it difficult for the target economic fish to grow and reproduce.

[0031] As a further improvement, it is also necessary to carry out comprehensive disinfection and sterilization in the breeding area, otherwise the microorganisms, pathogens and algae in the area will grow rapidly, pollute the water body, and quickly consume oxygen and nutrients in the water body, making it impossible for other organisms in the water body to survive normally. The improvement also includes the following steps:

[0032] Step S14, keeping the breeding area substantially dry and continuously exposing the breeding area to the sun until cracks appear on the ground;

[0033] Step S15, adding 5-7.5 kg of quicklime to each pond area, dissolving it in 10-15 kg of water, repeatedly stirring it into lime slurry, and evenly spreading it in the fish pond;

[0034] Step S16, injecting natural water into the breeding area until a predetermined depth is reached;

[0035] Step S17: select 1-3 kg of bleaching powder and evenly spread it on the water surface of the fish pond.

[0036] Through steps S14 to S17, the breeding area is disinfected twice in succession by using bleaching powder and quicklime. Compared with the single disinfection of the two methods, it can avoid incomplete disinfection and eliminate more thoroughly. At the same time, it can not only achieve disinfection, but also kill other organisms remaining in the breeding area, such as other fish.

[0037] Step S20, performing surveying and mapping, and determining the breeding equipment according to the surveying and mapping results; including the following contents;

[0038] Step S21, determining the area, depth and other information of the aquaculture water body in the aquaculture area through surveying and mapping, and establishing a three-dimensional model;

[0039] Step S22: Determine the specifications of the water circulation equipment based on the surveying and mapping data to facilitate the circulation of water, so that the limited water becomes running water, the water is often renewed, and the water condition is improved;

[0040] Step S23, determining the breeding quantity of fish, shrimp and crab seedlings and determining the specifications of the corresponding floating bed and the blocking net;

[0041] Step S24: dividing the breeding area to facilitate different breeding in different water bodies.

[0042] When in use, by utilizing surveying and mapping equipment, it is possible to more accurately control the amount of seedlings and feed released during breeding, so that breeding will not exceed the load and the maximum carrying capacity of the breeding area can be accurately grasped. In addition, by configuring water circulation equipment, it is also convenient for the flow and replacement of water bodies, making the water source become living water, thereby improving the living conditions of fish from the water source.

[0043] Step S30, constructing a three-dimensional breeding space based on the surveying and mapping data, the floating window and the screen;

[0044] Wherein, step S30 includes the following contents:

[0045] Step S31, making a multi-layer floating bed of corresponding specifications; wherein the floating bed should cover 70% to 90% of the breeding area; the floating bed has a double-layer structure, and a partition is reserved between the two layers of the floating bed for the upper fish to inhabit. The aquatic plants such as water grass on the top of the floating bed will block the sunlight, and the temperature of the surface water will provide a suitable living environment for the fish.

[0046] Step S32: The portion of the floating bed extending to the water surface is used to plant economic plants, and nutrients, such as biological organic fertilizers, are regularly supplied for absorption by the economic crops. In this way, the economic crops can not only create value, but also serve as fish feed, thereby increasing the diversity of fish feed.

[0047] Step S33, constructing a barrier net at the bottom of the breeding area, using the barrier net to divide the breeding area into several areas, the top of the barrier net extends to about one meter below the floating bed, and different fish fry or shrimp fry or crab fry can be placed in the enclosed areas of different barrier nets; by setting the barrier net, different fish fry, shrimp fry or crab fry can be separated for convenience;

[0048] For example, adult crabs will prey on or harm fish fry, which will eventually affect the growth of fish. This area division method can achieve mixed breeding of different types of fish, shrimps and crabs, and because the upper end of the fence does not extend to the water surface, it will not affect the flow of fish. Moreover, because shrimps and crabs are bottom creatures, the fence will restrict their activities, which prevents them from moving around and protects other fish species.

[0049] On this basis, further improvements can be made, including:

[0050] Step S34, wherein the double-layer floating beds can be modularly assembled, with gaps between adjacent double-layer floating beds so as not to touch each other; aquatic plants are planted at the bottom of the breeding area so that they grow along the barrier toward the water surface and extend into the gap between the two floating beds.

[0051] When in use, by planting benthic plants on the bottom of the water, it can provide food for benthic fish, shrimps and crabs, improve their living environment, reduce the temperature of the water body, and have an insulating effect on the water body. In addition, the benthic plants can climb along the net because these plants can reinforce the net. At the same time, they also provide shrimps and crabs with a suitable activity area, increasing their range of activities.

[0052] As further improvements, it also includes:

[0053] Step S35, the double-layer floating bed is provided with a closable structure, and a guardrail for closing the floating bed is provided at the outer extension, and the guardrail can close or open the outer extension of the floating bed at the same time; this is arranged because more surface fish will live in the reserved compartments of the floating bed, and the fish can be caught by lowering the guardrails on the lower side of the double-layer floating bed at the same time and lifting the floating bed, thereby speeding up the progress of fish catching.

[0054] Step S40: according to the pre-planned plan, fish, shrimp and crab seedlings and corresponding feed are put into the corresponding area;

[0055] Step S41, regularly detect water pollution and adjust the water circulation efficiency based on the detection results; if the detection results show that the water pollution is serious and exceeds the threshold, quickly replace the water as a whole; the replacement water source needs to come from natural water bodies without algae or other aquatic organisms.

[0056] Step S42, periodically weighing the seedlings in the breeding area, determining the current weight of the seedlings, fitting their production growth curve, and judging the current growth progress of the seedlings;

[0057] Step S43: determine the current feed requirement of the seedlings according to their growth progress and feed them in a quantitative manner.

[0058] When in use, the current growth progress of the fry can be judged by the change in the weight of the fry, and then the fry can be fed based on the growth progress, saving excessive waste of feed. It can also be determined whether the fry are currently lagging behind in their growth progress, so as to facilitate targeted treatment.

[0059] As further improvements, it also includes:

[0060] Step S44, estimating the total amount of seedlings in the breeding area according to the mark-recapture method to form an estimation result;

[0061] Step S45: Compare the estimated result with the amount of fry input and supplement the amount of fry;

[0062] When in use, by estimating the total population in the breeding area and supplementing the seedlings according to the changes in the total population, it is possible to obtain the maximum economic income within the limited carrying capacity.

[0063] As further improvements, it also includes:

[0064] Step S46: Based on the total number of seedlings in the area and their respective growth levels, the total amount of feed is determined and accurate feeding is performed.

[0065] When in use, by judging the total amount of seedlings and the corresponding growth progress, and after overall processing, it can accurately determine the total amount of feed needed in the appearance area. Not only can it carry out precise feeding and reduce feed waste, but too much feed will also pollute the water body, affect water quality, and ultimately affect the living environment of the fry.

[0066] This solution has the following advantages:

[0067] The breeding area is sterilized twice using a combination of bleaching powder and quicklime to make the sterilization more thorough. In the subsequent three-dimensional breeding process, there will be no water poisoning or pollution, and the water will be cleaner. The water in the breeding area is recycled to maintain the freshness of the water, reduce the accumulation of pollutants in the water, and avoid low survival rates of seedlings.

[0068] Feeding according to the growth progress and total amount of fry can reduce feed waste and avoid insufficient feed, which leads to poor growth of fry. It can also avoid eutrophication of water bodies caused by feed deposition in water bodies.

[0069] Regionalized and three-dimensional aquaculture can increase the carrying capacity of the water in the aquaculture area, and can form a symbiotic relationship, increase the output of economic activities in the aquaculture area, and increase the economic benefits of the water.

[0070] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fishes, characterized in that: include, Step S10, construction and disinfection of the breeding area; Step S20, mapping, and determining the breeding equipment based on the mapping results; Step S30, constructing a three-dimensional breeding space based on the mapping data, floating windows and screens; Step S40, according to the pre-planned, putting fish, shrimp and crab seedlings, and corresponding feed and decomposing microorganisms in the corresponding area, wherein the main species account for 80% of the seedlings, and 20% of the filter-feeding fish, omnivorous fish and carnivorous fish are raised to form a complex food chain and reduce the pollution load of breeding; Step S30 includes the following contents: Step S31, making a multi-layer floating bed of corresponding specifications; wherein the floating bed covers 70% to 90% of the aquaculture area; the floating bed is a double-layer structure, and a partition is reserved between the two layers of the floating bed; After step S31, there is step S32, where the portion of the floating bed extending to the water surface is planted with economic plants and nutrients are regularly supplied; step S33, where a barrier net is constructed at the bottom of the culture area, and the culture area is divided into several areas using the barrier net, and the top of the barrier net is extended to one meter below the bottom of the floating bed, and different seedlings are placed in the enclosed areas of different barrier nets; After step S33, the method also includes step S34, wherein the double-layer floating beds are modularly assembled, and gaps are left between adjacent double-layer floating beds so as to not touch each other; aquatic plants are planted at the bottom of the breeding area so that they grow along the barrier net toward the water surface and extend into the gap between the two floating beds; step S35, a closable structure is arranged on the double-layer floating bed, and a guardrail for closing the floating bed is arranged at the extension, and the guardrail can close or open the extension of the floating bed at the same time.

2. A three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fishes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S10 includes: step S11, draining all the water in the breeding area and cleaning all the fish, shrimps and crabs in the breeding area; step S12, excavating and expanding the breeding area until it meets the predetermined depth; step S13, removing the rotten silt at the bottom of the water body and exposing the breeding area to the sun.

3. A three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fishes according to claim 2, characterized in that: After step S13, the method also includes: step S14, keeping the breeding area dry until the ground cracks; step S15, adding 5-7.5 kg of quicklime into the water area, dissolving it in 10-15 kg of water, repeatedly stirring it into lime slurry and evenly spreading it in the fish pond.

4. A three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fishes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method further includes, after step S15, step S16, injecting natural water into the breeding area until a predetermined depth is reached; and step S17, selecting 1-3 kg of bleaching powder and evenly spreading it on the water surface of the fish pond.

5. A three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fishes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S20 includes the following contents: step S21, determining the area and depth information of the aquaculture water body in the aquaculture area through surveying and mapping, and establishing a three-dimensional model; step S22, determining the specifications of the water circulation equipment based on the surveying and mapping data, so as to facilitate the circulation treatment of the water body and improve the water condition; step S23, determining the breeding quantity of fish, shrimp and crab seedlings and determining the specifications of the corresponding floating bed and the net; step S24, dividing the aquaculture area to facilitate different aquaculture in different water bodies.

6. A three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fishes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S40 includes: step S41, regularly testing the water pollution situation, and adjusting the water circulation efficiency according to the test result; if the test result shows that the water pollution is serious and exceeds the threshold, the water body is quickly replaced as a whole; the replacement water source needs to come from a natural water body, and there is no algae or other aquatic organisms in the water body; Step S42, periodically weigh the seedlings in the breeding area to determine the current weight of the seedlings, fit their production growth curve, and judge the current growth progress of the seedlings; Step S43, judge the current feed demand of the seedlings based on their growth progress, and feed them quantitatively.

7. A three-dimensional ecological polyculture method for fishes according to claim 6, characterized in that: After step S43, there is step S44, estimating the total amount of seedlings in the breeding area according to the mark-recapture method to form an estimation result; step S45, comparing the estimation result with the amount of fry input, and supplementing the amount of fry; step S46, judging the total amount of feed based on the total amount of seedlings in the area and their respective growth levels, and accurately feeding.

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