A power head for a raise boring machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a power head for a raise boring machine, belonging to the technical field of drilling construction machinery. The shifting mechanism of the present invention has a simple structure and low cost, improving the shifting efficiency and convenience; the shifting mechanisms are respectively arranged inside and outside the power head, reducing the axial dimension of the power head and further optimizing its spatial structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power head for raise boring machines, belonging to the technical field of drilling construction machinery. Background Art

[0002] Raise boring machines are mainly used for drilling in hydropower stations and underground mines, and for expanding ventilation shafts, filling shafts, pipeline shafts, etc. They can also be used for underground excavation of large-section raises and ore passes in mines. The well-forming process of raise boring machines includes drilling and reaming: first, a small-diameter pilot hole is drilled downward. After the hole is penetrated, the reaming cutter head is replaced at the lower level, and then the raise with a larger diameter is reamed from bottom to top.

[0003] As one of the core components of raise boring machines, the structural form, power output and reliability of the power head directly affect the drilling ability and service life of raise boring machines. Among the current power heads for raise boring machines, the shift-type power head has a smaller space size and stronger drilling ability, and is a power head for raise boring machines with relatively high technical level. However, according to market feedback, the following problems still exist in this type of shift-type power head:

[0004] 1. The shift mechanism has a complex structure and low shift efficiency. The axial dimension of the shift mechanism is relatively large, affecting the overall dimension of the power head.

[0005] 2. The circulating water pipe is sealed with packing, and the application effect is not ideal, and there is a problem of leakage at the water pipe seal.

[0006] 3. Oil leakage occurs at the output end oil seal: when the power head works in an inclined state, the floating sleeve will be subjected to a radial force, so the planet carrier connected to the floating sleeve will also be subjected to a radial force. The bearing supporting the planet carrier is a spherical roller thrust bearing, which cannot withstand large radial forces, so it will tilt, resulting in the output end oil seal not being able to fit with the sealing surface, and oil leakage occurs.

[0007] 4. The drill pipe is relatively heavy, and manual rod changing is carried out by manpower, resulting in low rod changing efficiency, affecting the working efficiency of the raise boring machine, and there are also potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a power head for raise boring machines to solve the problems of complex structure and low shift efficiency of the shift mechanism of the power head for raise boring machines in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following scheme:

[0010] The present invention provides a power head for a raise borer, which comprises a housing, a motor, a two-stage planetary reducer, a shifting mechanism and a floating sleeve; the motor, the two-stage planetary reducer and the floating sleeve are installed in the housing; the shifting mechanism comprises a shifting oil cylinder, a shifting execution shaft, a shifting fork and a shifting shaft; the shifting oil cylinder is fixed outside the housing, and its output end is fixedly connected with the shifting execution shaft rotatably connected in the housing; the shifting fork is fixed on the shifting execution shaft, and the fork feet thereof are in clearance connection with an annular groove provided on the shifting shaft; the upper and lower ends of the shifting shaft are respectively connected with the output shaft of the motor and the two-stage planetary reducer; the upper and lower ends of the floating sleeve are respectively connected with the two-stage planetary reducer and the drill pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the shifting oil cylinder is connected with the shifting execution shaft through a shifting transmission arm, the shifting transmission arm is arranged outside the housing, one end thereof is fixedly connected with the output piston rod of the shifting oil cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected with the shifting execution shaft.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of groups of bushings are also fitted and installed on the outer side of the shifting execution shaft, and the plurality of groups of bushings are installed in the housing.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting mechanism is arranged at the connection position between the shifting transmission arm and the output piston rod of the shifting oil cylinder, which comprises a limiting plate and a limiting post, the limiting plate is fixed on the housing, and a limiting post is arranged at one end thereof far away from the shifting oil cylinder for limiting the rotation of the shifting transmission arm.

[0014] Preferably, the two-stage planetary reducer comprises a first-stage planetary reducer and a second-stage planetary reducer; the first-stage planetary reducer comprises a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage planetary carrier, three first-stage planetary gears evenly distributed along the circumference and a small gear ring which are meshed with each other; the second-stage planetary reducer comprises a second-stage sun gear, a second-stage planetary carrier, four second-stage planetary gears evenly distributed along the circumference and a large gear ring which are meshed with each other; the first-stage planetary carrier and the second-stage sun gear are connected through a transmission shaft; after the shifting shaft is operated for shifting, its lower end is respectively connected with the first-stage sun gear or the first-stage planetary carrier; the upper end of the floating sleeve is connected with the second-stage planetary carrier.

[0015] Preferably, splines are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the transmission shaft and the shifting shaft, and the shifting shaft is in clearance connection with the output shaft of the motor, the first-stage sun gear and the first-stage planetary carrier through splines; the upper end of the floating sleeve is provided with external splines which are in fit connection with the internal splines of the second-stage planetary carrier, and its lower end is provided with internal taper threads for connecting the drill pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the second-stage planetary carrier is fitted and installed in the housing together with two spherical roller thrust bearings and a cylindrical roller bearing.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes a rod changing mechanism, which includes a rod changing oil cylinder, a bracket, a tray, a shifting block and a sliding block; the rod changing oil cylinder is fixed to the outside of the lower end of the housing through a support, the bracket is rotatably connected to the support, one end of the bracket is connected to the output piston rod of the rod changing oil cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to a tray annularly arranged on the outside of the lower end of the housing; the middle of the shifting block is rotatably connected to the outside of the lower end of the housing, one end of it is in contact connection with the tray, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sliding block; the sliding block is slidably connected to a chute provided at the lower end of the housing for clamping the drill pipe.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes a circulating water pipe, which includes an elbow and a central pipe, and the connection between the elbow and the central pipe is connected by a bolt and nut assembly and sealed by a V-shaped fabric clamp.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The shifting mechanism of the present invention has a simple structure and low cost, improving the shifting efficiency and convenience; the shifting mechanism is arranged inside and outside the power head respectively, reducing the axial dimension of the power head and further optimizing its spatial structure.

[0021] 2. The present invention adopts a single oil cylinder with a limit to drive the shifting mechanism, which has a compact structure and reliable shifting.

[0022] 3. The present invention is equipped with a centering bearing structure to resist the radial shaking force in the inclined state, avoid oil leakage at the output end, and ensure the stable operation of the power head in the inclined state.

[0023] 4. The present invention uses a hydraulic rod changing mechanism to replace manual rod changing, reducing the labor intensity, reducing the safety hazards of rod changing, and improving the work efficiency.

[0024] 5. The circulating water pipe of the present invention is designed with an adjustable sealing connection structure to avoid leakage at the sealing part of the circulating water pipe, resulting in the discharge slag water entering the inside of the power head, and realizing the effective lubrication and cooling of the drill tool by the circulating water pipe and discharging the cuttings. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is an internal sectional view of a power head for raise boring machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the shifting mechanism of a power head for raise boring machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged sectional view of the water pipe seal shown at I in

[0028] Figure 4 is an external structural schematic diagram of a power head for raise boring machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 01, motor; 11, V-shaped belt assembly for clamping cloth; 12, bolt and nut assembly; 13, elbow; 14, central pipe; 21, shifting oil cylinder; 22, piston rod; 23, shifting transmission arm; 24, shifting execution shaft; 25, small bushing; 26, large bushing; 27, shifting fork; 28, shifting shaft; 29, limit plate; 30, limit post; 31, first-stage planetary carrier; 32, first-stage sun gear; 33, second-stage planetary carrier; 34, floating sleeve; 35, first thrust self-aligning roller bearing; 36, second thrust self-aligning roller bearing; 37, cylindrical roller bearing; 38, oil seal; 41, support; 42, rod-changing oil cylinder; 43, bracket; 44, tray; 45, shifting block; 46, sliding block; 51, first-stage planetary gear; 52, small gear ring; 53, transmission shaft; 54, second-stage sun gear; 55, second-stage planetary gear; 56, large gear ring. Specific embodiments

[0030] The following further describes the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0033] As shown in Figure 1 , 2 , 3, and 4, this embodiment provides a power head for a raise borer, including a housing, a motor 01, a two-stage planetary speed reducer, a shifting mechanism, and a floating sleeve 34. The power output by the motor 01 is transmitted to the two-stage planetary speed reducer after speed regulation by the shifting mechanism. The two-stage planetary speed reducer transmits the power to the floating sleeve 34, and the floating sleeve 34 transmits the power to the drill pipe connected thereto to realize the rotation of the drill pipe.

[0034] Specifically, the motor 01, two-stage planetary speed reducer, and floating sleeve 34 are installed inside the housing. The two-stage planetary speed reducer includes a first-stage planetary speed reducer and a second-stage planetary speed reducer: The first-stage planetary speed reducer includes a first-stage sun gear 32, a first-stage planetary carrier 31, three first-stage planetary gears 51 evenly distributed along the circumference, and a small ring gear 52 that mesh with each other; The second-stage planetary speed reducer includes a second-stage sun gear 54, a second-stage planetary carrier 33, four second-stage planetary gears 55 evenly distributed along the circumference, and a large ring gear 56 that mesh with each other. Among them, the first-stage planetary carrier 31 and the second-stage sun gear 54 are connected through splines provided on the transmission shaft 53 for power transmission between the two-stage planetary speed reducers.

[0035] The shifting mechanism includes a shifting oil cylinder 21, a shifting execution shaft 24, a shifting fork 27, and a shifting shaft 28. The shifting oil cylinder 21 is fixed outside the housing, and its output piston rod 22 is fixedly connected to the shifting execution shaft 24 rotatably connected inside the housing. The shifting fork 27 is fixed on the shifting execution shaft 24, and its fork feet are connected to an annular groove provided on the shifting shaft 28 with a clearance; Splines are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the shifting shaft 28. Its upper end is in small clearance fit connection with the output shaft of the motor 01 through splines. After the shifting operation of the shifting mechanism at its lower end, it is respectively in small clearance fit connection with the first-stage sun gear 32 or the first-stage planetary carrier 31 through splines to achieve two working conditions of the power head. The upper end of the floating sleeve 34 is provided with external splines, which are in fit connection with the internal splines at the lower end of the second-stage planetary carrier 33. Its lower end is provided with internal taper threads for connecting the drill pipe.

[0036] The shifting oil cylinder 21 is connected to the shifting execution shaft 24 through a shifting transmission arm 23. The shifting transmission arm 23 is arranged outside the housing. One end of it is fixedly connected to the output piston rod 22 of the shifting oil cylinder 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the shifting execution shaft 24. A small bushing 25 and a large bushing 26 are also fitted and installed outside the shifting execution shaft 24, both installed inside the housing. The shifting execution shaft 24 cooperates with the large and small bushings and can rotate in the bushing holes to improve the reliability of the shifting operation.

[0037] The above-mentioned shifting mechanism has a simple structure and low cost, improving the shifting efficiency and convenience; The shifting mechanism is placed inside and outside the power head respectively, reducing the axial dimension of the power head and further optimizing its spatial structure.

[0038] A limiting mechanism is provided at the connection between the shifting transmission arm 23 and the output piston rod 22 of the shifting oil cylinder 21, including a limiting plate 29 and a limiting post 30. The limiting plate 29 is fixed on the housing, and a limiting post 30 is provided at one end of it far from the shifting oil cylinder 21 for limiting the rotation of the shifting transmission arm 23. The shifting mechanism driven by a single oil cylinder with a limit has a compact structure and reliable shifting.

[0039] The secondary planet carrier 33 is fitted and installed in the housing in cooperation with two spherical roller thrust bearings (spherical roller thrust bearing one 35 and spherical roller thrust bearing two 36) and a cylindrical roller bearing 37. The cylindrical roller bearing 37 can resist radial force, ensuring that the secondary planet carrier 33 does not tilt, thus ensuring that the oil seal 38 at the output end of the power head fits the sealing surface and preventing oil leakage. The spherical roller thrust bearing one 35 and the spherical roller thrust bearing two 36 can resist axial force. Therefore, the secondary planet carrier 33 is supported by three bearings under both operating conditions of the power head, ensuring the stable operation of the power head.

[0040] In addition, the present invention further includes a rod changing mechanism and a circulating water pipe. The rod changing mechanism includes a rod changing oil cylinder 42, a bracket 43, a tray 44, a dial block 45 and a slider 46. The rod changing oil cylinder 42 is fixed to the outside of the lower end of the housing through a support 41. The bracket 43 is rotatably connected to the support 41. One end of the bracket 43 is connected to the output piston rod of the rod changing oil cylinder 42, and the other end is fixedly connected to the tray 44 annularly arranged on the outside of the lower end of the housing. The middle of the dial block 45 is rotatably connected to the outside of the lower end of the housing. One end of it is in contact connection with the tray 44, and the other end is rotatably connected to the slider 46. The slider 46 is slidably connected in a chute provided at the lower end of the housing for clamping the drill rod. The hydraulic rod changing mechanism is used instead of manual rod changing, reducing labor intensity, reducing safety hazards in rod changing and improving work efficiency.

[0041] The circulating water pipe includes an elbow 13 and a central pipe 14. The connection between the elbow and the central pipe is connected by a bolt and nut assembly and sealed by a V-belt with fabric insert. Specifically, a nut and stud assembly 12 is used to adjust the structure. By adjusting the tightening degree of the nut, the V-belt with fabric insert 11 can be pressed tightly, ensuring that the sealed part of the water pipe does not leak. The circulating water pipe is designed with an adjustable sealed connection structure to prevent the sealed part of the circulating water pipe from leaking and causing the slag discharge water to enter the inside of the power head, realizing the effective lubrication, cooling of the drill tool by the circulating water pipe and discharging the cut rock chips.

[0042] Working principle:

[0043] This power head has two operating conditions:

[0044] I) High-speed and low-torque condition: Only decelerated by the secondary planetary reduction mechanism, with a relatively small reduction ratio and a small degree of speed reduction and torque increase, so it is in a high-speed and low-torque state. Specifically: The motor 01 outputs power. The shift shaft 28 is in the upper gear position. The lower spline is directly connected to the primary planet carrier 31. The primary planet carrier 31 drives the transmission shaft 53. The transmission shaft 53 drives the secondary sun gear 54. After deceleration by the secondary planetary reducer, the torque is output by the secondary planet carrier 55, and finally the torque is transmitted to the floating sleeve 34 to drive the drill rod to work.

[0045] 2) Low-speed and high-torque working condition: Through the reduction of the first-stage planetary reducer and the second-stage planetary reducer, the reduction ratio is relatively large, and the degree of speed reduction and torque increase is relatively large, so it is in a low-speed and high-torque state. Specifically: The motor 01 outputs power, the shifting shaft 28 is in the lower gear position, and the lower spline is connected to the first-stage sun gear 32. After being reduced by the first-stage planetary reduction mechanism, the torque is transmitted to the transmission shaft 53 through the first-stage planetary carrier 31. The transmission shaft 53 transmits the torque to the second-stage sun gear 54. After being reduced by the second-stage planetary reduction mechanism, the torque is output by the second-stage planetary carrier 55, and finally the torque is transmitted to the floating sleeve 34 to drive the drill pipe to work.

[0046] When shifting gears, the motor 01 stops working, the shifting shaft 28 stops rotating, the shifting oil cylinder 21 acts to drive the shifting execution shaft 24 to rotate, and the shifting fork 27 rotates following the shifting execution shaft 24, driving the shifting shaft 28 to move up and down. Specifically: When shifting from the upper gear to the lower gear, the lower spline of the shifting shaft 28 disengages from the first-stage planetary carrier 31 and is connected to the first-stage sun gear 32; when shifting from the lower gear to the upper gear, the lower spline of the shifting shaft 28 disengages from the first-stage sun gear 32 and is connected to the first-stage planetary carrier 31.

[0047] When the motor 01 is working, the shifting shaft 28 rotates, and the shifting oil cylinder 21 is in the holding position to ensure that the shifting fork 27 does not move. The shifting shaft 28 is restricted from axially moving through the middle annular groove, thereby ensuring that the shifting shaft 28 is in the gear position.

[0048] When changing the drill pipe, the pipe-changing oil cylinder 42 acts to drive the bracket 43 to rotate. The bracket 43 drives the tray 44 to move up and down. When the tray 44 touches the block 45, it drives the block 45 to rotate. The rotation of the block 45 pushes the slider 46 to slide, thereby quickly clamping the drill pipe and realizing quick drill pipe change.

[0049] The above is only the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and deformations can still be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power head for a raise borer, characterized in that, It includes a housing, a motor, a two-stage planetary reducer, a shifting mechanism and a floating sleeve; the motor, the two-stage planetary reducer and the floating sleeve are installed in the housing; the shifting mechanism includes a shifting oil cylinder, a shifting execution shaft, a shifting fork and a shifting shaft; the shifting oil cylinder is fixed outside the housing, and its output end is fixedly connected to the shifting execution shaft rotatably connected in the housing; the shifting fork is fixed on the shifting execution shaft, and the fork feet thereof are in clearance connection with an annular groove provided on the shifting shaft; the upper and lower ends of the shifting shaft are respectively connected to the output shaft of the motor and the two-stage planetary reducer; the upper and lower ends of the floating sleeve are respectively connected to the two-stage planetary reducer and the drill pipe; The shifting oil cylinder is connected to the shifting execution shaft through a shifting transmission arm. The shifting transmission arm is arranged outside the housing, one end of which is fixedly connected to the output piston rod of the shifting oil cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the shifting execution shaft; A limiting mechanism is arranged at the connection between the shifting transmission arm and the output piston rod of the shifting oil cylinder, including a limiting plate and a limiting post. The limiting plate is fixed on the housing, and a limiting post is arranged at the end thereof far from the shifting oil cylinder for limiting the rotation of the shifting transmission arm; The two-stage planetary reducer includes a first-stage planetary reducer and a second-stage planetary reducer; the second-stage planetary reducer includes a second-stage sun gear, a second-stage planetary carrier, four second-stage planetary gears evenly distributed along the circumference and a large gear ring that mesh with each other; The second-stage planetary carrier is installed in the housing in cooperation with two spherical roller thrust bearings and a cylindrical roller bearing; It further includes a rod-changing mechanism, which includes a rod-changing oil cylinder, a bracket, a tray, a shifting block and a sliding block; the rod-changing oil cylinder is fixed on the outer side of the lower end of the housing through a support. The bracket is rotatably connected to the support. One end of the bracket is connected to the output piston rod of the rod-changing oil cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to a tray annularly arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the housing; the middle of the shifting block is rotatably connected to the outer side of the lower end of the housing. One end thereof is in contact connection with the tray, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sliding block; the sliding block is slidably connected in a chute provided at the lower end of the housing for clamping the drill pipe.

2. The power head for raise boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple groups of bushings are also installed in cooperation on the outer side of the shifting execution shaft, and the multiple groups of bushings are installed in the housing.

3. The power head for raise boring machine according to claim 1, wherein, The first-stage planetary reducer includes a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage planetary carrier, three first-stage planetary gears evenly distributed along the circumference and a small gear ring that mesh with each other; the first-stage planetary carrier and the second-stage sun gear are connected through a transmission shaft; after the shifting shaft is operated, its lower end is respectively connected to the first-stage sun gear or the first-stage planetary carrier; the upper end of the floating sleeve is connected to the second-stage planetary carrier.

4. The power head for raise boring machine according to claim 3, wherein, Spline keys are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the transmission shaft and the shifting shaft. The shifting shaft is in clearance connection with the output shaft of the motor, the first-stage sun gear and the first-stage planetary carrier through spline keys; the upper end of the floating sleeve is provided with external splines, which are in mating connection with the internal splines of the second-stage planetary carrier, and the lower end thereof is provided with internal taper threads for connecting the drill pipe.

5. The power head for raise boring machine according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a circulating water pipe, which includes an elbow and a central pipe. The connection between the elbow and the central pipe is connected by a bolt-nut assembly and sealed by a V-belt with fabric.

Images