Thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system

Abstract

The application provides a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system, which comprises a nuclear reactor, a plurality of thermoacoustic engine units, a resonant tube and an energy conversion device, the plurality of thermoacoustic engine units are arranged in the nuclear reactor in a direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor, the two ends of each thermoacoustic engine unit are communicated with the two ends of the resonant tube to form a loop, the thermoacoustic engine unit can convert the heat energy of the nuclear reactor into mechanical energy and transmit along the extension direction of the resonant tube, the input end of the energy conversion device is connected with the resonant tube, and the output end of the energy conversion device is used for being connected with an energy collection device; the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit is used for taking out the heat in the nuclear reactor and converting the heat into mechanical energy, and then the mechanical energy is converted into other energy by the energy conversion device, so that the structure is simple, the energy conversion efficiency can be effectively improved, and the inherent safety is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy conversion, in particular to a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Thermoacoustic engine is a sound generator that uses thermoacoustic effect to realize the conversion of heat energy into sound energy and thus realize the output of sound power. Thermoacoustic effect is a physical phenomenon that heat causes acoustic self-oscillation in an elastic medium (usually high-pressure inert gas). By using the thermoacoustic phenomenon that heat generates self-oscillation in a pressure gas, heat can be converted into pressure wave, which is alternating mechanical energy, and thus the conversion of heat energy into mechanical energy is realized. Thermoacoustic engine refers to a device that generates mechanical power by thermoacoustic effect, and the input heat is provided by a heater. The high-temperature heater of the thermoacoustic engine is one of the core components of the thermoacoustic engine, which transfers the time-averaged heat from the external heat source to the inert gas working medium.

[0003] Nuclear energy (or atomic energy) is the energy released from atomic nuclei through nuclear reactions, and a large amount of heat is generated when nuclear fuel reacts in a nuclear reactor. In order to avoid the nuclear reactor from being burned due to overheating, the heat needs to be removed or converted into other energy in time.

[0004] In the existing thermoacoustic reactor system, the energy conversion efficiency in the nuclear reactor is low, the heat transport is complex, and the reliability is low. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system to solve the problem of low energy conversion efficiency in the nuclear reactor, complex heat transport, and low reliability in the existing thermoacoustic reactor system.

[0006] The present application provides a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system, comprising a nuclear reactor, a plurality of thermoacoustic engine units, a resonant tube, and an energy conversion device. The plurality of thermoacoustic engine units are arranged in the nuclear reactor along a direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor. The two ends of each thermoacoustic engine unit are connected to the two ends of the resonant tube to form a loop. The thermoacoustic engine unit can convert the heat energy of the nuclear reactor into mechanical energy and transmit it along the extension direction of the resonant tube. The input end of the energy conversion device is connected to the resonant tube, and the output end of the energy conversion device is used to connect to an energy collection device.

[0007] According to the present application, the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system further comprises a connecting pipe, and at least one thermoacoustic engine unit forms a thermoacoustic engine unit group. The two ends of the resonant tube are connected to the two ends of the thermoacoustic engine unit group through the connecting pipe.

[0008] According to the thermal acoustic nuclear reactor system, the resonant pipes are multiple, two ends of each resonant pipe are communicated with the connecting pipes on two sides of the thermal acoustic engine unit group respectively, and each resonant pipe is connected with the input end of the energy conversion device.

[0009] According to the thermal acoustic nuclear reactor system, the resonant pipes, the thermal acoustic engine unit groups and the energy conversion devices are multiple and have the same number, the first end of each thermal acoustic engine unit group is communicated with the first end of one resonant pipe, the second end of each thermal acoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of one resonant pipe, and each resonant pipe is connected with the input end of one energy conversion device.

[0010] According to the thermal acoustic nuclear reactor system, the resonant pipes, the thermal acoustic engine unit groups and the energy conversion devices are multiple and have the same number, the first end of each thermal acoustic engine unit group is communicated with the first end of one resonant pipe, the second end of each thermal acoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of one resonant pipe, and each resonant pipe is connected with the input end of one energy conversion device.

[0011] According to the thermal acoustic nuclear reactor system, the resonant pipes, the thermal acoustic engine unit groups and the energy conversion devices are multiple and have the same number, the first end of each thermal acoustic engine unit group is communicated with the first end of one resonant pipe, the second end of each thermal acoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of one resonant pipe, and each resonant pipe is connected with the input end of one energy conversion device.

[0012] According to the thermal acoustic nuclear reactor system, the thermal acoustic engine unit includes a main cooler, a regenerator and a high-temperature heat exchanger, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the nuclear reactor and communicated with one end of the resonant pipe, the high-temperature heat exchanger can exchange heat with the nuclear reactor, the main cooler is arranged outside the nuclear reactor and communicated with the other end of the resonant pipe, and two ends of the regenerator are communicated with the main cooler and the high-temperature heat exchanger respectively.

[0013] According to the thermal acoustic nuclear reactor system, the nuclear reactor includes a reactor core, a first reflector and a second reflector, the reactor core is connected with the first reflector on both sides, the end surface of the two first reflectors is provided with the second reflector, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the reactor core, and the main cooler is arranged outside the second reflector.

[0014] According to the heat sound nuclear reactor system provided by the application, the heat sound engine unit further comprises a heat buffer pipe, one end of the heat buffer pipe is connected with the high-temperature heat exchanger, and the other end of the heat buffer pipe is communicated with the resonance pipe.

[0015] According to the heat sound nuclear reactor system provided by the application, the heat sound engine unit group further comprises at least one secondary cooler, the secondary cooler is arranged outside the second reflecting layer, one end of each heat buffer pipe is communicated with the secondary cooler, and the other end of the secondary cooler is communicated with the resonance pipe.

[0016] The heat sound nuclear reactor system provided by the application has the advantages that: the two ends of each heat sound engine unit are communicated with the two ends of the resonance pipe, the plurality of heat sound engine units and the resonance pipe form a loop, and the working gas can reciprocate in the loop; the plurality of heat sound engine units are arranged in the nuclear reactor in the direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor to form an integrated structure, the working gas in the plurality of heat sound engine units can exchange heat with the nuclear reactor, effectively taking away the heat generated in the nuclear reactor, reducing the loop, the heat pipe and the like for heat output, simplifying the process and improving the safety of the nuclear reactor; the working gas continuously exchanges heat with the nuclear reactor, the high-temperature working gas can self-oscillate in the plurality of heat sound engine units, converts the heat energy into mechanical energy in the form of sound waves, and transmits along the extension direction of the resonance pipe; the input end of the energy conversion device is connected with the resonance pipe, the mechanical energy enters the energy conversion device for conversion, the mechanical energy is converted into required energy, and resources are reasonably utilized; the heat sound nuclear reactor system takes away the heat in the nuclear reactor by the working gas in the heat sound engine unit and converts the heat into mechanical energy, and then converts the mechanical energy into other energy by the energy conversion device, so that the structure is simple, the energy conversion efficiency can be effectively improved, and the inherent safety is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the application or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 is a structure schematic view of the heat sound engine unit provided by the application and arranged in the nuclear reactor;

[0019] Figure 2 is one of structure schematic views of the heat sound nuclear reactor system provided by the application;

[0020] Figure 3 is the second of structure schematic views of the heat sound nuclear reactor system provided by the application;

[0021] Figure 4 Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a connection between a thermoacoustic driving unit and a secondary cooler provided by the present application;

[0026] Reference signs:

[0027] 100: nuclear reactor; 110: reactor core; 120: first reflector; 130: second reflector; 200: group of thermoacoustic driving units; 210: thermoacoustic driving unit; 211: primary cooler; 212: recuperator; 213: high-temperature heat exchanger; 214: thermal buffer tube; 220: secondary cooler; 300: resonant tube; 400: connecting tube; 500: energy conversion device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figures 1 to 8

[0030] The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the present application includes a nuclear reactor 100, a plurality of thermoacoustic driving units 210, a resonant tube 300 and an energy conversion device 500. The plurality of thermoacoustic driving units 210 are arranged in the nuclear reactor 100 along a direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor 100. The two ends of each thermoacoustic driving unit 210 are respectively connected to the two ends of the resonant tube 300 to form a loop. The thermoacoustic driving unit 210 can convert the heat energy of the nuclear reactor 100 into mechanical energy and transmit the mechanical energy along the extension direction of the resonant tube 300. The input end of the energy conversion device 500 is connected to the resonant tube 300, and the output end of the energy conversion device 500 is used to be connected to an energy collection device.​

[0031] Reference Figure 2 The two ends of each thermoacoustic engine unit 210 are in communication with the two ends of the resonant tube 300 respectively, the plurality of thermoacoustic engine units 210 and the resonant tube 300 form a loop, and the working gas can move back and forth in the entire loop; the nuclear reactor 100 is provided with a plurality of through holes, the extension direction of the through holes is parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor 100, the thermoacoustic engine unit 210 corresponds to the through hole one by one, and the thermoacoustic engine unit 210 is arranged in the nuclear reactor 100 through the through hole, as shown in Figure 1 When the nuclear reactor 100 reacts, a large amount of heat is generated, the nuclear reactor 100 can exchange heat with the plurality of thermoacoustic engine units 210, that is, the nuclear reactor 100 exchanges heat with the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit 210, the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit 210 carries away the heat of the nuclear reactor, and the temperature of the working gas rises.

[0032] When the temperature of the working gas rises to a certain value, the working gas will generate self-excited acoustic oscillation (self-excited oscillation) in the thermoacoustic engine unit 210, convert the heat energy into mechanical energy in the form of acoustic waves, and the gas reciprocates, the working gas continuously absorbs heat and converts it into mechanical energy in the form of acoustic waves in the thermoacoustic engine unit 210, and transmits along the extension direction of the resonant tube 300, the energy in the nuclear reactor 100 is continuously carried away in the form of heat exchange, and the safety of the nuclear reactor 100 is improved.

[0033] Further, the input end of the energy conversion device 500 is connected with the resonant tube 300, the mechanical energy in the form of acoustic waves is transmitted to the energy conversion device 500 for conversion, the energy conversion device 500 can convert the mechanical energy into the required form of energy, such as electric energy, the output end of the energy conversion device 500 is connected with the energy collection device, and the converted energy is stored.

[0034] The embodiment forms a loop by connecting two ends of each thermoacoustic engine unit with two ends of the resonant tube, and the working gas can reciprocate in the loop; the plurality of thermoacoustic engine units are arranged in the nuclear reactor in a direction parallel to the central axis of the nuclear reactor to form an integrated structure, the working gas in the plurality of thermoacoustic engine units can exchange heat with the nuclear reactor, effectively taking away the heat generated in the nuclear reactor, reducing the loop, heat pipe and the like for heat output, simplifying the process and improving the safety of the nuclear reactor; the working gas continuously exchanges heat with the nuclear reactor, the high-temperature working gas can self-oscillate in the plurality of thermoacoustic engine units, convert the heat energy into mechanical energy in the form of sound waves, and transmit along the extension direction of the resonant tube; the input end of the energy conversion device is connected with the resonant tube, the mechanical energy enters the energy conversion device for conversion, the mechanical energy is converted into the required energy, and the resources are reasonably utilized; the thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system uses the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit to take out the heat in the nuclear reactor and convert it into mechanical energy, and then uses the energy conversion device to convert the mechanical energy into other energy, has a simple structure, can effectively improve the energy conversion efficiency, and has high safety.

[0035] The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system provided by the embodiment further comprises a connecting pipe 400, and at least one thermoacoustic engine unit 210 forms a group of thermoacoustic engine units 200, and two ends of the resonant tube 300 are respectively connected with two ends of the group of thermoacoustic engine units 200 through the connecting pipe 400.

[0036] The embodiment forms a group of thermoacoustic engine units 200 by arranging one or more thermoacoustic engine units 210 in a group, and the thermoacoustic engine units 210 in the group of thermoacoustic engine units 200 are connected with the resonant tube 300 to form a loop. Figure 2 The thermoacoustic engine unit 210 provided by the embodiment is 5, and the 5 thermoacoustic engine units 210 form a group of thermoacoustic engine units 200, and two ends of the group of thermoacoustic engine units 200 are connected with two ends of the resonant tube 300 to form a loop, and the working gas moves in the loop.

[0037] The number of the thermoacoustic engine units 210 in each group of thermoacoustic engine units 200 is not limited in the embodiment, and can be the same or different.

[0038] The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor 100 provided in the embodiment further comprises a connecting pipe 400 arranged at two ends of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, and the two ends of the resonant pipe 300 are communicated with the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 through the connecting pipe 400; further, the connecting pipe 400 is a variable-diameter pipe, the size of the first end of the variable-diameter pipe matches the size of the connecting end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, that is, the plurality of thermoacoustic engine units 210 are communicated with the variable-diameter pipe, and the size of the second end of the variable-diameter pipe matches the size of the resonant pipe 300, wherein the size of the first end of the variable-diameter pipe is greater than the size of the second end of the variable-diameter pipe, which is helpful for the mechanical energy to be transmitted into the resonant pipe 300 along with the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200.

[0039] In another embodiment, the five thermoacoustic engine units 210 are divided into two groups, one thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 includes three thermoacoustic engine units 210, and the other thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 includes two thermoacoustic engine units 210, the two ends of the resonant pipe 300 are communicated with the two ends of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group through the connecting pipe 400, and the two ends of the resonant pipe 300 are communicated with the two ends of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group through the connecting pipe 400, that is, the first end of the connecting pipe 400 is communicated with the two thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 (all thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200), and the second end of the connecting pipe 400 is communicated with the resonant pipe 300.

[0040] The structure of the connecting pipe 400 in the embodiment is not specifically limited, and it is only required to facilitate the flow of the working gas in all thermoacoustic units to the resonant pipe 300.

[0041] The resonant pipe 300 provided in the embodiment is multiple, the two ends of each resonant pipe 300 are communicated with the connecting pipes 400 on the two sides of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, and each resonant pipe 300 is connected with the input end of the energy conversion device 500.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 The resonant pipe 300 provided in the embodiment is two, which are a first resonant pipe and a second resonant pipe, the first end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is provided with a first connecting pipe, one end of the first connecting pipe is communicated with the first end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, the first end of the first resonant pipe and the first end of the second resonant pipe are respectively communicated with the second end of the first connecting pipe; the second end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is provided with a second connecting pipe, the first end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with the second end of the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, and the second end of the first resonant pipe and the second end of the second resonant pipe are both communicated with the second end of the second connecting pipe; further, the first resonant pipe and the second resonant pipe are both connected with the energy conversion device 500, which can convert mechanical energy into required energy. The energy conversion device 500 in the embodiment can be one or multiple, and each resonant pipe 300 is connected with the energy conversion device 500.

[0043] In the actual conversion process, the mechanical energy converted by the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is transmitted to the energy conversion device 500 along the first connecting pipe, the first resonant pipe and the second resonant pipe for conversion, and the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 circulates in the first connecting pipe, the first resonant pipe, the second resonant pipe, the second connecting pipe and the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200.

[0044] The embodiment sets multiple resonant pipes 300, and the two ends of each resonant pipe 300 are respectively communicated with the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 through the connecting pipe 400, so that the working gas in the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is mixed uniformly through the connecting pipe 400, the flow of the working gas entering different resonant pipes 300 can be ensured to be the same, and multiple resonant pipes 300 are convenient to arrange and have high reliability, and the energy conversion efficiency is also improved.

[0045] On the basis of the above embodiment, the resonant pipes 300, the thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 and the energy conversion devices 500 provided in the embodiment are all multiple and have the same number, the first end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is communicated with the first end of one resonant pipe 300, the second end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is communicated with the second end of one resonant pipe 300, and each resonant pipe 300 is connected with the input end of one energy conversion device 500.

[0046] Reference Figure 5 The resonant pipes 300, the thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 and the energy conversion devices 500 provided in the embodiment are all two, wherein the resonant pipes 300 are a first resonant pipe and a second resonant pipe respectively; the thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 are a first thermoacoustic engine unit group and a second thermoacoustic engine unit group respectively, wherein the number of the thermoacoustic engine units 210 in the first thermoacoustic engine unit group and the second thermoacoustic engine unit group can be the same or different, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the number of the thermoacoustic engine units 210 in the two thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 is five; and the energy conversion devices are a first energy conversion device 500 and a second energy conversion device 500 respectively. Figure 5

[0047] ​Further, the first end of the first resonant tube is communicated with the first end of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group, and the second end of the first resonant tube is communicated with the second end of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group; the first end of the second resonant tube is communicated with the first end of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group, and the second end of the second resonant tube is communicated with the second end of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group; further, the input end of the first energy conversion device is connected with the first resonant tube, and the input end of the second energy conversion device is connected with the second resonant tube; the working gas flowing out of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 enters the second thermoacoustic engine unit group through the first resonant tube, the working gas flowing out of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group enters the first thermoacoustic engine unit group through the second resonant tube, the mechanical energy converted in the first thermoacoustic engine unit group enters the first energy conversion device through the first resonant tube for conversion, and the mechanical energy converted in the second thermoacoustic engine unit group enters the second energy conversion device through the second resonant tube for conversion.

[0048] In another embodiment, the two ends of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 are respectively communicated with the two ends of the first resonant tube, and the input end of the first energy conversion device is connected with the first resonant tube; the two ends of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group are respectively communicated with the two ends of the second resonant tube, and the input end of the second energy conversion device is connected with the second resonant tube.

[0049] In the embodiment, the plurality of thermoacoustic engine units 210 are divided into a plurality of thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200, the plurality of thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 are arranged along the central axis of the nuclear reactor 100, the first end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is communicated with the first end of a resonant tube 300, the second end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 is communicated with the second end of a resonant tube 300, and the input end of each resonant tube 300 is connected with an energy conversion device 500, so that the heat energy in the nuclear reactor 100 is quickly transferred into the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 through heat exchange, the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy in the thermoacoustic engine unit group, the mechanical energy is transmitted to different energy conversion devices 500 through the plurality of resonant tubes 300 for conversion, the transmission is accelerated, and the energy conversion rate is improved.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the nuclear reactor 100, the resonant tube 300 and the energy conversion device 500 are all provided in plurality, each nuclear reactor 100 is provided with a thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, the thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 in adjacent two nuclear reactors 100 are communicated through the resonant tubes 300 in series, and the input end of each resonant tube 300 is connected with an energy conversion device 500.

[0051] Reference Figure 6The nuclear reactor 100, the resonant tube 300 and the energy conversion device 500 provided in the embodiment are all two, wherein the nuclear reactor 100 is a first nuclear reactor and a second nuclear reactor respectively; the resonant tube 300 is a first resonant tube and a second resonant tube respectively, and the energy conversion device 500 is a first energy conversion device and a second energy conversion device respectively, the first nuclear reactor is provided with a first thermoacoustic engine unit group, the second nuclear reactor is provided with a second thermoacoustic engine unit group, the first end of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of the adjacent second thermoacoustic engine unit group through the first resonant tube, the first end of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of the adjacent first thermoacoustic engine unit group through the second resonant tube, and the first thermoacoustic engine unit group, the first resonant tube, the second thermoacoustic engine unit and the second resonant tube form a loop.

[0052] Further, the first resonant tube is connected with the input end of the first energy conversion device, the second resonant tube is connected with the input end of the second energy conversion device, the working gas can move in the loop, the mechanical energy converted by the first thermoacoustic engine unit group is transmitted to the first energy conversion device through the first resonant tube for conversion, and the mechanical energy converted by the second thermoacoustic engine unit group is transmitted to the second energy conversion device through the second resonant tube for conversion.

[0053] The embodiment forms a loop by connecting the thermoacoustic engine unit groups 200 in the plurality of nuclear reactors 100 through the resonant tubes 300 at the head and tail, the process is simple, the reliability is high, and the energy in the plurality of reactors can be converted at the same time, thereby improving the conversion rate.

[0054] The nuclear reactor 100, the resonant tube 300 and the energy conversion device 500 provided in the embodiment are all two, wherein the nuclear reactor 100 is a first nuclear reactor and a second nuclear reactor respectively; the resonant tube 300 is a first resonant tube and a second resonant tube respectively, and the energy conversion device 500 is a first energy conversion device and a second energy conversion device respectively, the first nuclear reactor is provided with a first thermoacoustic engine unit group, the second nuclear reactor is provided with a second thermoacoustic engine unit group, the first end of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of the adjacent second thermoacoustic engine unit group through the first resonant tube, the first end of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of the adjacent first thermoacoustic engine unit group through the second resonant tube, and the first thermoacoustic engine unit group, the first resonant tube, the second thermoacoustic engine unit and the second resonant tube form a loop.

[0055] The nuclear reactor 100, the resonant tube 300 and the energy conversion device 500 provided in the embodiment are all two, wherein the nuclear reactor 100 is a first nuclear reactor and a second nuclear reactor respectively; the resonant tube 300 is a first resonant tube and a second resonant tube respectively, and the energy conversion device 500 is a first energy conversion device and a second energy conversion device respectively, the first nuclear reactor is provided with a first thermoacoustic engine unit group, the second nuclear reactor is provided with a second thermoacoustic engine unit group, the first end of the first thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of the adjacent second thermoacoustic engine unit group through the first resonant tube, the first end of the second thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of the adjacent first thermoacoustic engine unit group through the second resonant tube, and the first thermoacoustic engine unit group, the first resonant tube, the second thermoacoustic engine unit and the second resonant tube form a loop. Figure 7 , the first nuclear reactor is provided with two first thermoacoustic engine unit groups, and the second nuclear reactor is provided with two second thermoacoustic engine unit groups.

[0056] Further, the first end of each first thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of an adjacent second thermoacoustic engine unit group through a resonator 300, the first end of each second thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of an adjacent first thermoacoustic engine unit group, and the first thermoacoustic engine unit group, the first resonator, the second thermoacoustic engine unit group, and the second resonator form a loop, and two loops are formed between the two nuclear reactors 100.

[0057] Further, each resonator 300 is connected with an input end of an energy conversion device 500, the working gas moves in the multiple loops, and the mechanical energy is converted by the multiple energy conversion devices 500, so that the power can be amplified and the energy conversion rate can be accelerated.

[0058] In the embodiment, the number of the thermoacoustic engine unit groups in the first reactor and the second reactor is not specifically limited, and it is only required that the number of the thermoacoustic engine unit groups in the first reactor is the same as that in the second reactor. In addition, the number of the thermoacoustic engine units in each thermoacoustic engine unit group is not specifically limited.

[0059] The thermoacoustic engine unit 210 provided in the embodiment includes a main cooler 211, a regenerator 212, and a high-temperature heat exchanger 213. The high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is arranged inside the nuclear reactor 100 and is communicated with one end of the resonator 300. The high-temperature heat exchanger 213 can exchange heat with the nuclear reactor 100. The main cooler 211 is arranged outside the nuclear reactor and is communicated with the other end of the resonator 300. The two ends of the regenerator 212 are communicated with the main cooler 211 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 213, respectively.

[0060] Reference Figure 8 The thermoacoustic engine unit 210 provided in the embodiment includes the main cooler 211, the regenerator 212, and the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 connected in sequence. The high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is arranged inside the nuclear reactor 100. The main cooler 211 is arranged outside the nuclear reactor 100. The regenerator 212 is arranged between the main cooler 211 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 213. The main cooler 211 is communicated with the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 through the resonator 300 to form a loop. The main cooler 211 can exchange heat with an external cooling fluid. Further, the resonator 300 is connected with an input end of the energy conversion device 500.

[0061] When the nuclear reactor 100 is in reaction, the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 exchanges heat with the nuclear reactor 100, the temperature of the working gas in the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is increased, under the joint action of the main cooler 211 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 213, the regenerator 212 located between the two generates a temperature gradient, in the case that the temperature gradient exceeds a critical value, the working gas generates self-excited oscillation in the loop, a large amount of heat generated by the nuclear reactor 100 is taken away by the working gas running back and forth in the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 and transported to the regenerator 212, the regenerator 212 converts the high-temperature working gas into mechanical energy in the form of pressure fluctuation, the mechanical energy is transmitted to the energy conversion device 500 through the resonant tube 300, and then converted into required energy, thereby realizing the conversion of heat energy-mechanical energy-required energy.

[0062] The nuclear reactor 100 provided by the embodiment includes a reactor core 110, a first reflector 120 and a second reflector 130, the two sides of the reactor core 110 are connected with the first reflector 120, the end faces of the two first reflectors 120 are provided with the second reflector 130, the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is arranged in the reactor core 110, the main cooler 211 is arranged outside the second reflector 130, and the regenerator 212 is arranged inside the second reflector 130.

[0063] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The nuclear reactor 100 provided by the embodiment includes a reactor core 110, a first reflector 120 and a second reflector 130, the two sides of the reactor core 110 are connected with the first reflector 120, the end faces of the two first reflectors 120 are provided with the second reflector 130, the reactor core 110 generates heat, the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is arranged in the reactor core 110, so that the working gas in the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 exchanges heat with the reactor core 110, the main cooler 211 is arranged outside the second reflector 130, so as to exchange heat with the external cooling fluid, and the regenerator 212 is arranged inside the second reflector 130, under the joint action of the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 and the main cooler 211, the regenerator 212 generates a temperature gradient, and can convert heat energy into mechanical energy.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is arranged in the reactor core 110, the regenerator 212 is arranged in the first reflector 120, and the main cooler 211 is arranged outside the second reflector 130, so as to convert heat energy into mechanical energy by the thermoacoustic engine unit 210.

[0065] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, further, the thermoacoustic engine unit 210 further includes a heat buffer tube 214, one end of the heat buffer tube 214 is connected with the high-temperature heat exchanger 213, and the other end of the heat buffer tube 214 is in communication with the resonant tube 300.

[0066] The thermoacoustic engine unit 210 provided by the embodiment comprises a main cooler 211, a regenerator 212, a high-temperature heat exchanger 213 and a thermal buffer tube 214 connected in sequence, one end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is communicated with the regenerator 212, the other end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is communicated with the thermal buffer tube 214, the working gas in the high-temperature heat exchanger 213 is heated after heat exchange with the nuclear reactor 100, part of the high-temperature working gas enters the regenerator 212 and works together with the main cooler 211 to convert heat energy into mechanical energy which is transmitted through the resonant tube 300, the other part of the high-temperature working gas enters the high-temperature buffer tube and reduces heat through the high-temperature buffer tube to avoid the high-temperature working gas directly entering the resonant tube 300, and also to avoid the high-temperature working gas affecting the operation of the energy conversion device 500 connected to the resonant tube 300.

[0067] On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 further comprises at least one secondary cooler 220, the secondary cooler 220 is arranged outside the second reflecting layer 130, each thermal buffer tube 214 is communicated with one end of the secondary cooler 220, the other end of the secondary cooler 220 is communicated with the resonant tube 300.

[0068] Reference Figure 4 to Figure 6 Each thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 comprises one secondary cooler 220, one end of the secondary cooler is communicated with the resonant tube 300, the other end of the secondary cooler is communicated with one end of the thermal buffer tube 214 provided by the thermoacoustic engine unit group 200, that is, one end of the thermal buffer tube 214 provided by each thermoacoustic engine unit 210 is communicated with the secondary cooler 220, the secondary cooler 220 can cool the working gas flowing out of the multiple thermal buffer tubes 214 to avoid the high-temperature working gas flowing into the resonant tube 300 and affecting the conversion rate of the energy conversion device 500.

[0069] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 The thermoacoustic engine unit group 200 comprises multiple secondary coolers 220, the number of the secondary coolers 220 is the same as the number of the thermoacoustic engine units 210, one end of the thermal buffer tube 214 provided by each thermoacoustic engine unit 210 is communicated with one secondary cooler 220, the secondary cooler 220 can quickly reduce the temperature of the gas in the thermal buffer tube 214 to avoid the heat directly entering the resonant tube 300, and also to reduce the heat of the energy conversion device 500 to improve the conversion rate.

[0070] The energy conversion device 500 in the embodiment is an acoustoelectric energy conversion device 500 which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0071] The embodiment provides a nuclear reaction pair power supply technology based on thermoacoustic energy conversion, and in a loop formed by a thermoacoustic engine unit 210 and a resonant tube 300, working gas carries out heat of a nuclear reactor and converts the heat into mechanical energy, and then an acoustoelectric energy conversion device is used to convert the mechanical energy into electric energy, so that heat transport of the reactor and the energy conversion link is simplified, and the reliability of the system is improved.

[0072] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment is based on energy conversion of thermoacoustic power generation technology, has no high-temperature moving parts, is based on a reversible thermodynamic cycle, has good reliability and high efficiency, and the thermoacoustic effect is an inherent physical effect, so that the thermoacoustic engine assembly can work spontaneously under a specific structure as long as there is a high-low temperature difference, heat generated by the nuclear reactor can be continuously carried away, and the inherent safety of the nuclear reactor can be improved; through integrated design of the thermoacoustic engine unit and the nuclear reactor, a loop or a heat pipe required by the previous nuclear reactor can be eliminated, the heat transfer process is simplified, and the reliability is further improved; the thermoacoustic engine unit is convenient for modular manufacturing and simplifies installation; and the number of the thermoacoustic engine unit in the embodiment depends on power demand and the like.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system, characterized by, The system comprises a nuclear reactor, a plurality of thermoacoustic engine units, a plurality of resonant tubes and an energy conversion device, the plurality of thermoacoustic engine units are arranged in the nuclear reactor along a direction parallel to a central axis of the nuclear reactor, two ends of each of the thermoacoustic engine units are connected to two ends of the resonant tube to form a loop, the thermoacoustic engine units are capable of converting thermal energy of the nuclear reactor into mechanical energy and transmitting the mechanical energy along an extension direction of the resonant tube, an input end of the energy conversion device is connected to the resonant tube, and an output end of the energy conversion device is configured to be connected to an energy collection device. The system further comprises connecting tubes, and at least one of the thermoacoustic engine units is a group of thermoacoustic engine units, two ends of the resonant tube are connected to two ends of the group of thermoacoustic engine units through the connecting tubes. The thermoacoustic engine unit comprises a main cooler, a regenerator and a high-temperature heat exchanger, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the nuclear reactor and connected to one end of the resonant tube, the high-temperature heat exchanger is capable of exchanging heat with the nuclear reactor, the main cooler is arranged outside the nuclear reactor and connected to the other end of the resonant tube, and two ends of the regenerator are connected to the main cooler and the high-temperature heat exchanger. The nuclear reactor comprises a reactor core, a first reflector and a second reflector, the reactor core is connected to the first reflector on both sides, the end faces of the two first reflectors are provided with the second reflector, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged in the reactor core, and the main cooler is arranged outside the second reflector. The thermoacoustic engine unit further comprises a thermal buffer tube, one end of the thermal buffer tube is connected to the high-temperature heat exchanger, and the other end of the thermal buffer tube is connected to the resonant tube.

2. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 1, wherein, The resonant tubes are a plurality of resonant tubes, two ends of each of the resonant tubes are connected to the connecting tubes on both sides of the group of thermoacoustic engine units, and each of the resonant tubes is connected to the input end of the energy conversion device.

3. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 1, wherein, The resonant tubes, the group of thermoacoustic engine units and the energy conversion devices are a plurality of resonant tubes, a plurality of group of thermoacoustic engine units and a plurality of energy conversion devices, and the number of the resonant tubes, the group of thermoacoustic engine units and the energy conversion devices is the same, a first end of each of the group of thermoacoustic engine units is connected to a first end of one of the resonant tubes, a second end of each of the group of thermoacoustic engine units is connected to a second end of one of the resonant tubes, and each of the resonant tubes is connected to the input end of one of the energy conversion devices.

4. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 1, wherein, The nuclear reactors, the resonant tubes and the energy conversion devices are a plurality of nuclear reactors, a plurality of resonant tubes and a plurality of energy conversion devices, one of the group of thermoacoustic engine units is arranged in each of the nuclear reactors, the group of thermoacoustic engine units in adjacent two of the nuclear reactors are connected in series through the resonant tubes, and each of the resonant tubes is connected to the input end of one of the energy conversion devices.

5. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 1, wherein, The nuclear reactor, the resonance tube and the energy conversion device are multiple, each of the nuclear reactor is provided with multiple thermoacoustic engine unit groups, the number of the thermoacoustic engine unit groups in adjacent two nuclear reactors is same, the first end of each thermoacoustic engine unit group is communicated with the second end of one thermoacoustic engine unit group in adjacent nuclear reactor through the resonance tube, and each resonance tube is connected with the input end of one energy conversion device.

6. The thermoacoustic nuclear reactor system according to claim 1, wherein, The thermoacoustic engine unit group further comprises at least one secondary cooler, the secondary cooler is arranged outside the second reflecting layer, each thermoacoustic buffer tube is communicated with one end of the secondary cooler, and the other end of the secondary cooler is communicated with the resonance tube.

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