Surgical drill and orthopedic surgical system

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a surgical drill and an orthopedic surgical system. The surgical drill includes: a housing; a drive unit movably mounted in the housing, the drive unit including a motor and a drive shaft, the drive shaft being connected to the motor, the drive unit being capable of moving relative to the housing between a distal position and a proximal position, at the distal position, the drive unit is away from the front end of the housing, and at the proximal position, the drive unit is close to the front end of the housing; a holding member fixedly connected to a first end of the drive shaft; and a threaded member connected to a second end of the drive shaft. The present disclosure can effectively simplify the internal structure of the surgical drill, reduce the weight of the surgical drill, and decrease the volume of the surgical drill.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a medical device, and particularly to a surgical drill and an orthopedic surgical system. Background Art

[0002] In orthopedic surgeries, surgical drills play a crucial role. Traditional surgical drills include a drill bit housing, a drive unit disposed within the drill bit housing, and a holding member for a motor of the drive unit. When a hole needs to be formed in a patient's bone, the shank of the drill bit is fixed into the holding member, and the front end of the drill bit tool is abutted against the corresponding position of the bone. Subsequently, the motor of the drive unit is started, and grinding or drilling can be performed on the bone.

[0003] When a doctor uses a surgical drill to perform a drilling operation on a patient, a particularly high requirement is placed on the stability of the doctor's hand. If the weight of the surgical drill is too heavy or the volume is too large, it is not convenient for the doctor to operate and has a greater impact on stability. In addition, in order to reduce tool replacement and surgical time during the surgery, generally, a surgical drill will have both grinding and drilling functions at the same time. However, currently, surgical drills with both grinding and drilling functions usually require two motors to control, which makes the internal structure of the surgical drill more complex, and the surgical drill is heavy and large in volume. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, it is necessary to provide a surgical drill and an orthopedic surgical system with a small weight, a small volume, and both grinding and drilling functions at the same time.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a surgical drill, which includes:

[0006] A housing;

[0007] A drive unit movably installed in the housing, the drive unit including a motor and a drive shaft, the drive shaft being connected to the motor, the drive unit being capable of moving relative to the housing between a distal position and a proximal position. In the distal position, the drive unit is away from the front end of the housing, and in the proximal position, the drive unit is close to the front end of the housing;

[0008] A holding member fixedly connected to a first end of the drive shaft; and

[0009] A threaded member connected to a second end of the drive shaft.

[0010] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the drive shaft can rotate about an axis, and the holding member and the threaded member are arranged to extend along the axis.

[0011] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the drive shaft, the holding member, and the threaded member are tubular and in fluid communication with each other.

[0012] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes an engaging assembly movably mounted on the housing and formed with threads, the engaging assembly being movable relative to the housing to engage or disengage the threaded member.

[0013] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the engaging assembly includes:

[0014] An engaging member formed with the threads;

[0015] A head member;

[0016] A neck member extending through the housing, with both ends of the neck member connected to the engaging member and the head member respectively; and

[0017] A biasing member sleeved on the neck member and configured to bias the engaging member to disengage from the threaded member.

[0018] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes a first engaging assembly, the engaging member switch is coupled to the motor and configured to be turned on and off by the engaging member.

[0019] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes a control switch connected to the motor, and the control switch is connected in parallel with the first engaging assembly.

[0020] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes a drive unit switch connected to the motor, the drive unit switch being configured to disconnect or connect the drive unit.

[0021] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes a first actuator formed on the drive unit and configured to turn on the drive unit when the drive unit moves to the distal position.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes a second actuator formed on the drive unit and configured to turn off the drive unit when the drive unit moves beyond the proximal position.

[0023] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure also provides a surgical drill, which includes:

[0024] A housing;

[0025] A drive unit movably mounted within the housing, the drive unit including a motor and a drive shaft connected to the motor;

[0026] A holding member connected to a first end portion of the drive shaft; and

[0027] A drive unit switch connected to the motor and configured to be turned on or off by the drive unit.

[0028] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes: a first engagement assembly switch connected to the motor and serially connected to the drive unit switch.

[0029] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes a control switch connected to the motor and serially connected to the drive unit switch.

[0030] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes a second engagement assembly switch connected to the motor and connected in parallel with the control switch.

[0031] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure also provides a surgical drill, the surgical drill including:

[0032] A housing;

[0033] A drive unit movably mounted within the housing, the drive unit including a motor and a drive shaft connected to the motor,

[0034] The drive unit being capable of moving between a distal position and a proximal position relative to the housing, in the distal position, the drive unit being away from the front end of the housing, and in the proximal position, the drive unit being close to the front end of the housing;

[0035] A holding member connected to a first end portion of the drive shaft; and

[0036] An engagement assembly extending into the housing and configured to engage the drive shaft to move the drive unit from the distal position to the proximal position.

[0037] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the housing includes a drill bit housing and an extension housing connected to the rear end of the drill bit housing, the drive unit being located within the drill bit housing, and the engagement assembly being mounted on the extension housing.

[0038] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes a biasing member configured to bias the drive unit to the distal position.

[0039] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the housing is magnetic.

[0040] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes a marker configured to emit a signal and disposed on the drive unit so as to move together with the drive unit.

[0041] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes:

[0042] A first marker configured to absorb radiation and fixedly mounted on the holding member;

[0043] A second marker configured to absorb radiation and movably mounted on the holding member; and

[0044] A set of angular markers disposed on the holding member.

[0045] As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the surgical drill further includes one or more markers mounted on at least one of the drive unit, the drive shaft, and the holding member.

[0046] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure also provides an orthopedic surgery system, which includes: the surgical drill described above; and a controller for controlling the surgical drill. Compared with the prior art, the surgical drill provided by the present disclosure has a first drive shaft and a second drive shaft disposed on the drive unit, and the second drive shaft is fixedly connected to the threaded member, and the drive unit is pushed to move within the drill housing in a state where the drive unit is energized and the engagement assembly is triggered. In this way, only one drive unit needs to be provided, which can effectively simplify the internal structure of the surgical drill, reduce the weight of the surgical drill, and decrease the volume of the surgical drill. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 is a perspective structural view of the surgical drill according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional schematic view of the drive unit of the surgical drill shown in the distal position.

[0049] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an exploded schematic view of the surgical drill shown.

[0050] Figure 4 isFigure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the drive unit of the surgical drill shown in the proximal position.

[0051] Figure 5 is Figure 2 Partial cross-sectional view of the engagement assembly of the surgical drill shown in the disengaged position.

[0052] Figure 6 is Figure 4 Partial cross-sectional view of the engagement assembly of the surgical drill shown in the engaged position.

[0053] Figure 7 Schematic connection diagram of the control switch of the surgical drill according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Figure 8 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the surgical drill according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 9 Schematic connection diagram of the control switch and the first engagement assembly switch of the surgical drill according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Figure 10 Partial cross-sectional view of the surgical drill according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] Figure 11 is Figure 10 Partial cross-sectional view of the drive unit of the surgical drill shown in the distal position.

[0058] Figure 12 is Figure 10 Schematic cross-sectional view of the drive unit of the surgical drill shown when it moves beyond the proximal position.

[0059] Figure 13 Schematic connection diagram of the control switch and the drive unit switch of the surgical drill according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] Figure 14 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the surgical drill according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] Figure 15 Schematic connection diagram of the control switch, the drive unit switch, and the second engagement assembly switch of the surgical drill according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0062] Figure 16 Partial front view of the surgical drill according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0063] Figure 17 Partial front view of the surgical drill according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0064] Figure 18 is a partial front view of the surgical drill of the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] Figure 19 is a block diagram of the orthopedic surgical system of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0066] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments.

[0067] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0068] Next, some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0069] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the surgical drill 100 of the first embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 1 shown, the present disclosure provides a surgical drill 100 for grinding or drilling operations in surgical procedures, such as orthopedic surgery and plastic surgery, or any non-surgical grinding / drilling operations are not limited herein. The surgical drill 100 of this embodiment includes a drill bit housing 110, a holding member 120, an extension housing 130, a threaded member 140, an engagement assembly 150, and a control switch 160. The drill bit housing 110 and the extension housing 130 form a housing 170, and the drill bit housing 110 is used to accommodate a drive unit (refer to the drive unit 200 described below Figure 2 ). In this embodiment, the drill bit housing 110 is generally cylindrical. Of course, in other embodiments, the drill bit housing 110 can also be other polygons, such as rectangles.

[0070] The drill bit housing 110 includes a front end 110a and a rear end 110b disposed opposite to each other. The front end 110a and the rear end 110b are fixedly provided on both sides of the drill bit housing 110, and can be integrally formed, buckled, welded, etc., which are not limited herein.

[0071] The holding member 120 (e.g., a chuck) is connected to the drive unit 200 and extends from inside the drill bit housing 110 through the front end 110a of the drill bit housing 110. The holding member 120 is used to hold the drill bit tool 190 for drilling or grinding, and the drill bit tool 190 can be a burr screw. In the present embodiment, the drill bit tool 190 includes a grinding portion 190a at the front end of the drill bit tool 190 and an elongated drilling portion 190b extending from the grinding portion 190a. Thus, the drill bit tool 190 can be used for grinding and drilling an object, which is a patient's bone in the present embodiment.

[0072] The extension housing 130 is detachably provided at the rear end 110b of the drill bit housing 110. The extension housing 130 is used to accommodate the threaded member 140 and to mount the engagement assembly 150. In the present embodiment, the extension housing 130 and the drill bit housing 110 are independent for easy installation. Of course, in other embodiments, the extension housing 130 and the drill bit housing 110 can also be integrally formed, which is not limited herein. Additionally, the threaded member 140 can be a lead screw or a ball screw, which is not limited herein.

[0073] The engagement assembly 150 is movably mounted on the extension housing 130. The specific structure of the engagement assembly 150 will be described later.

[0074] The control switch 160 is mounted on the drill bit housing 110, and the control switch 160 is connected to the drive unit 200 to control the drive unit 200. In some embodiments, an instrument such as a robotic arm (not shown) can be connected to the extension housing 130 of the surgical drill 100. In other embodiments, the instrument can be configured to control the movement and operation of the surgical drill 100.

[0075] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive unit 200 of the surgical drill 100 shown in the distal position, Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic exploded view of the surgical drill 100 shown, Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive unit 200 of the surgical drill shown in the proximal position.

[0076] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the surgical drill 100 further includes a drive unit 200, a fixing member 230, a supporting member 240, and a biasing member 250.

[0077] The drive unit 200 includes a motor 750 (refer to Figure 7) and a motor housing 210, and the motor 750 is received within the motor housing 210. The motor housing 210 is movably disposed within the drill bit housing 110, that is, the drive unit 200 can move within the drill bit housing 110. In the present embodiment, the motor housing 210 has a shape that matches the drill bit housing 110 and is generally cylindrical. Of course, in other embodiments, the motor housing 210 may also be rectangular or the like, which is not limited herein.

[0078] In the present embodiment, the motor 750 includes a rotor 210', a stator (not shown), and a drive shaft 220. The rotor 210' is rotatably disposed within the motor housing 210. The stator is fixedly mounted within the motor housing 210 and is disposed around the rotor 210'. The drive shaft 220 is rotatably connected to the rotor 210' and rotates synchronously with the rotor 210' about an axis A. In the present embodiment, the drive shaft 220 includes a first drive shaft 220a and a second drive shaft 220b. The first drive shaft 220a and the second drive shaft 220b are coaxial, and the first drive shaft 220a and the second drive shaft 220b rotate synchronously. Among them, the first drive shaft 220a extends from the interior of the motor housing 210 through the first end 210a of the motor housing 210 and is fixedly connected to the holding member 120. The second drive shaft 220b extends from the interior of the motor housing 210 through the second end 210b of the motor housing 210 and is fixedly connected to the threaded member 140. It can be understood that when the motor 750 is energized, the holding member 120, the first drive shaft 220a, the second drive shaft 220b, and the threaded member 140 rotate synchronously.

[0079] The fixing member 230 is used to fixedly connect the second drive shaft 220b of the drive shaft 220 to the threaded member 140, and enables the screw member 140 to extend along the axis A and rotate synchronously with the drive shaft 220 about the axis A. In the present embodiment, the fixing member 230 is a sleeve and is disposed on at least a part of the second drive shaft 220b of the drive shaft 220 and at least a part of the threaded member 140. The fixing member 230 is made of a smooth material with a low friction coefficient, such as plastic or the like.

[0080] Furthermore, the surgical drill 100 further includes a fixing member 231. The fixing member 231 is disposed on the drill bit housing 110 and is used for the holding member 120 to pass through, so as to prevent wear caused by friction due to direct contact between the holding member 120 and the drill bit housing 110, and to avoid errors caused by wear among the holding member 120, the drill bit tool 190, and the first drive shaft 220a, resulting in non-coaxiality. In the present embodiment, the fixing member 231 is also a sleeve and is preferably made of a smooth material with a low friction coefficient, such as plastic or the like.

[0081] In this embodiment, the second drive shaft 220b of the drive shaft 220 is connected to the threaded member 140 by a fixing member 230. However, in other embodiments, the drive shaft 220 and the threaded member 140 may also be integrally formed. In other words, the drive shaft 220 and the threaded member 140 are fixedly formed as a single piece, so that the fixing member 230 can be omitted, which is not limited herein.

[0082] The support member 240 is used to keep the threaded member 140 capable of moving smoothly on the axis A. In this embodiment, the support member 240 is fixedly arranged on the extension housing 130. The engagement assembly 150 is located between the fixing member 230 and the support member 240. The fixing member 230 is located between the drill bit housing 110 and the support member 240.

[0083] The biasing member 250 is configured to restore the drive unit 200 to a distal position (to be described later) and prevent the drive unit 200 from shaking in the drill bit housing 110 due to gravity. In this embodiment, the biasing member 250 may be a spring, which is sleeved on the holding member 120 and received in the drill bit housing 110. That is, both ends of the biasing member 250 are elastically abutted against the front end 110a of the drill bit housing 110 and the first end 210a of the motor housing 210 respectively. In one embodiment, the biasing member 250 has a spring constant k, and k is greater than or equal to the weight of the drive unit 200. It can be understood that by providing the biasing member 250, the drive unit 200 can be effectively prevented from shaking in the drill bit housing 110, allowing the drive unit 200 to move stably between the distal position and the proximal position. Of course, in other embodiments, the biasing member 250 may be configured such that one of the drill bit housing 110 and the motor housing 210 is made of a magnetic material, and the other is made of a material that can be attracted by magnetic force. The drill bit housing 110 or the motor housing 210 can be magnetized, for example, by an electric current or an external magnetic field, which is not limited herein.

[0084] In this embodiment, the drive unit 200 can move relative to the drill bit housing 110 between a distal position and a proximal position. As Figure 2 shown, at the distal position, that is, when the drive unit 200 is located at the starting point of the drilling position, the motor housing 210 is away from the front end 110a of the drill housing 110; as Figure 4 shown, at the proximal position, that is, when the drive unit 200 is located at the end point of the drilling position, the motor housing 210 is close to the front end 110a of the drill housing 110.

[0085] In addition, as Figure 2 shown, when the drive unit 200 is located at the distal position, the tip of the holding member 120 is close to the front end 110a of the drill bit housing 110. As Figure 4As shown, when the drive unit 200 is in the proximal position, the tip of the holding member 120 is away from the front end 110a of the drill housing 110.

[0086] In addition, as Figure 2 shown, when the drive unit 200 is in the distal position, the fixing member 230 is located within the extension housing 130, and the second end 210b of the motor housing 210 abuts against the rear end 110b of the drill housing 110. As Figure 4 shown, when the drive unit 200 is in the proximal position, the fixing member 230 is located within the drill housing 110, and the second end 210b of the motor housing 210 is separated from the rear end 110b of the drill housing 110.

[0087] The holding member 120 is connected to the first drive shaft 220a of the drive shaft 220, such that the holding member 120 extends along the axis A and rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 220 about the axis A.

[0088] In addition, in the present embodiment, the holding member 120, the threaded member 140, and the drive shaft 220 are all tubular and communicate with each other. Such a configuration allows the instrument to inject a synthetic material (e.g., bone cement) into an object (e.g., a patient's bone) through the threaded member 140, the drive shaft 220, and the holding member 120.

[0089] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of the engagement assembly 150 in the initial position in the surgical drill 100 of the present embodiment. Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of the state of the engagement assembly 150 of the surgical drill 100 of the present embodiment in the engaged position.

[0090] In the present embodiment, the engagement assembly 150 is movable relative to the extension housing 130 between the initial position and the engaged position. In the present embodiment, the engagement assembly 150 is described by taking the drill trigger as an example. Specifically, please refer to Figure 5 and the engagement assembly 150 includes an engagement member 260, a head member 270, a neck member 280, and a biasing member 290 that are connected in sequence.

[0091] The engagement member 260 is disposed inside the extension housing 130 and is configured to be connected to the threaded member 140 in a state where the engagement assembly 150 is triggered to push the drive unit 200 to move within the drill housing 110. In the present embodiment, a thread 260' is formed on the bottom surface of the engagement member 260 to be threadedly connected to the threaded member 140. Of course, in other embodiments, as long as a part of the engagement member 150 is formed with a thread 260' to be threadedly connected to the threaded member 140, the specific position is not limited.

[0092] The head member 270 is located outside the housing 170 and is used for the user to trigger the engagement assembly 150. In the present embodiment, the user presses the head member 270 to trigger the engagement assembly 150.

[0093] The neck member 280 passes through the top surface of the extension housing 130, and both ends of the neck member 280 are respectively connected to the engagement member 260 and the head member 270. In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the neck member 280 is smaller than the outer diameters of the engagement member 260 and the head member 270. The extension housing 130 is provided with a first through hole 131 and a second through hole 132 in a penetrating manner. The first through hole 131 and the second through hole 132 communicate with each other and form a stepped hole, that is, the inner diameter of the first through hole 131 is larger than the inner diameter of the second through hole 132. The neck member 280 includes a rod portion 281 and a connecting portion 282. The rod portion 281 is movably received in the stepped hole 131, and the connecting portion 282 is received in the extension housing 130. The outer diameter of the connecting portion 282 is larger than the inner diameter of the second through hole 132. In this way, it is possible to prevent the entire engagement assembly 150 from moving out of the extension housing 130.

[0094] The biasing member 290 is sleeved on the rod portion 281 and partially received in the first through hole 131. In this way, both ends of the biasing member 290 respectively abut against the head member 270 and the bottom wall of the first through hole 131. In this way, when the engagement assembly 150 changes from the triggered state to the non-triggered state, under the elastic action of the biasing member 290, the engagement assembly 150 can return to the initial position. In the present embodiment, the biasing member 290 may be a spring, but in other embodiments, the biasing member 290 may be other elastic members, which are not limited herein.

[0095] As Figure 5 shown, when the engagement assembly 150 is in the initial position, the thread 260' on the bottom surface of the engagement member 260 is disengaged from the threaded member 140. As Figure 6 shown, when the engagement assembly 150 is in the engaged position, the thread 260' on the bottom surface of the engagement member 260 is engaged with the threaded member 140.

[0096] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6, when the engagement assembly 150 is in a non-triggered state, i.e., not pressed, the engagement member 260 is in the initial position, not engaged with the threaded member 140, and the drive unit 200 is in the distal position; when the engagement assembly 150 is triggered (pressed), i.e., switched from the non-triggered state to the triggered state, the engagement member 260 moves from the initial position towards the threaded member 140 until it engages with the threaded member 140. At this time, since the threaded member 140 is in a rotating state driven by the drive unit 200, through the engagement of the threaded member 140 with the thread 260’, the drive unit 200 moves in the drill bit housing 110 from the distal position towards the direction close to the front end 110a; when the engagement assembly 150 is de-triggered (the pressing is cancelled), i.e., switched from the triggered state to the non-triggered state, the engagement member 260 moves away from the threaded member 140 until it returns to the initial position. At this time, since the threaded member 140 is not engaged with the thread 260’ and due to the action of the biasing member 250, the drive unit 200 moves in the drill bit housing 110 towards the direction close to the rear end 110b until it returns to the initial position.

[0097] It can be understood that in this embodiment, when only the control switch 160 is turned on, the input voltage of the motor 750 is the first voltage, and the motor 750 has the first rotational speed, and the first rotational speed is, for example, above 6000 rpm; when the engagement assembly 150 is also triggered, i.e., the control switch 160 is turned on and the engagement assembly 150 is in the engaged position, the input voltage of the motor 750 is the second voltage. At this time, the motor 750 has the second rotational speed which is less than the first rotational speed, and the second rotational speed is, for example, below 300 rpm.

[0098] In addition, when the control switch 160 is turned on and the engagement assembly 150 is in the initial position, the motor 750 has the first torque, and the first torque is, for example, above 10 mNm; when the control switch 160 is turned on and the engagement assembly 150 is in the engaged position, the motor 750 has the second torque which is greater than the first torque, and the second torque is, for example, above 100 mNm.

[0099] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the surgical drill 100 of this embodiment. As Figure 7 shown, the control switch 160 includes a first switch terminal 161 and a second switch terminal 162. The first switch terminal 161 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 720 of the surgical drill 100, and the second switch terminal 162 is electrically connected to the first motor terminal 751 of the motor 750. In addition, the motor 750 further includes a second motor terminal 752, and this second motor terminal is electrically connected to the negative terminal 770 of the surgical drill 100. The positive terminal 720 and the negative terminal 770 are configured to be electrically connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a power source (for example, a battery) respectively.

[0100] In operation, when it is desired to grind and drill in a living body, for example, a patient's bone, further referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the shank of the drill tool 190 is fixed to the holding member 120. Then, the front end of the drill tool 190 is aligned with the marked position on the object and pressed against the marked position on the object. Next, the switch button of the control switch 160 is pressed, thereby turning on the motor 750. At this time, the drive shaft 220 rotates, causing the holding member 120 and the drill tool 190 to rotate synchronously, thereby grinding the living body.

[0101] After that, the engagement assembly 150 is moved from the disengaged position shown in Figure 5 to the engaged position shown in Figure 6 . Therefore, the drive unit 200 moves from the distal position (as shown in Figure 2 ) to the proximal position (as shown in Figure 4 ), thereby drilling in the living body.

[0102] The surgical drill 100 provided in this embodiment, by providing a first drive shaft 220a and a second drive shaft 220b on the drive unit 200, the second drive shaft 220b is fixedly connected to the threaded member 140, and the first drive shaft 220a, the second drive shaft 220b, and the threaded member 140 are coaxial, and the drive unit 200 is pushed to move within the drill housing 110 in a state where the engagement assembly 150 is triggered. In this way, only one drive unit 200 needs to be provided, which can effectively simplify the internal structure of the surgical drill 100, reduce the weight of the surgical drill 100, and reduce the volume of the surgical drill 100.

[0103] Figure 8 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of a surgical drill 800 according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 8 , the difference between the surgical drill 800 of this embodiment and the surgical drill 100 of the first embodiment is that the surgical drill 800 further includes a first engagement assembly switch 810 (first switch).

[0104] The first engagement assembly switch 810 is configured to turn on or off the motor 750 of the surgical drill 800. The first engagement assembly switch 810 is installed on the extension housing 130 and is configured to be turned on or off when the engagement assembly 150 moves between the initial position and the engaged position to turn on or off the motor 750 (see Figure 9 ). Specifically, the first engagement assembly switch 810 includes a switch button that protrudes from the extension housing 130 and is configured to be adjacent to a neck member (for example, the neck member 280) and located below the head member 270, so that the first engagement assembly switch 810 can also be turned on or off when the engagement assembly 150 moves between the initial position and the engaged position.

[0105] Of course, in other embodiments, the first engagement assembly switch 810 may also have other structures, as long as its intended function can be achieved, and no limitation is made herein. For example, in some embodiments, the first engagement assembly switch 810 is attached to the engagement assembly 150 (e.g., attached to the outside of the engagement assembly or embedded in the engagement assembly) so as to move synchronously with the engagement assembly 150. When the engagement assembly 150 correspondingly moves between the initial position and the engagement position, the first engagement assembly switch 810 is turned on or off.

[0106] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the control switch 160 and the first engagement assembly switch 810 of the surgical drill 800 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0107] As Figure 9 shown, the control switch 160 includes a first switch terminal 161 and a second switch terminal 162. The first switch terminal 161 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 920 of the surgical drill 800, and the second switch terminal 162 is electrically connected to the first motor terminal 751 of the motor 750 of the surgical drill 800. The motor 750 further includes a second motor terminal 752 that is electrically connected to the negative terminal 970 of the surgical drill 800. The positive terminal 920 and the negative terminal 970 of the surgical drill 800 are configured to be respectively connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a power source (e.g., a battery).

[0108] In this embodiment, the first engagement assembly switch 810 is connected in parallel with the control switch 160. Specifically, the first engagement assembly switch 810 includes a first switch terminal 811 electrically connected to the first switch terminal 161 of the control switch 160 and a second switch terminal 812 electrically connected to the second switch terminal 162 of the control switch 160.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 8 together. During the operation of the surgical drill 800, when it is desired to use the surgical drill 800 to grind an object and drill a hole in the object, the shank of the drill tool 190 is fixed in the holding member 120. Then, the tip of the drill tool 190 is aligned with the marked position on the object and abuts against the marked position on the object. Next, the switch button of the control switch 160 is pressed, thereby turning on the motor 750, and the motor 750 is in an operating state. At this time, the holding member 120 rotates, and at the same time drives the drill tool 190 to rotate together, so as to grind the object. After that, the engagement assembly 150 is moved from Figure 5 the initial position shown to Figure 6 the engagement position shown, so that the drive unit 200 moves from the distal position to the proximal position, thereby drilling a hole in the object.

[0110] In the above manner, when drilling is required, only the engagement assembly 150 needs to be triggered. That is, when the engagement assembly 150 moves between the initial position and the engaged position, the first engagement assembly switch 810 can be turned on or off, without triggering the control switch 160 first and then triggering the engagement assembly 150, making the operation more convenient.

[0111] Figure 10 FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of the surgical drill 1000 showing the third embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 11 FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view showing the state of the drive unit 200 of the surgical drill 1000 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure located at the distal position. Figure 12 FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional schematic view showing the state where the movement of the drive unit 200 of the surgical drill 1000 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure exceeds the proximal position. As Figure 10 shown, the surgical drill 1000 is different from the surgical drill 100 in that the surgical drill 1000 further includes a drive unit switch 1010 (second switch), which is mounted on the drill bit housing 110 and electrically connected to the motor 750 of the drive unit 200 of the surgical drill 1000. In this exemplary embodiment, the drive unit switch 1010 includes a switch button 1030 provided in the drill bit housing 110. The biasing member 250 is configured to bias the drive unit 200 to an initial position between the distal position and the proximal position.

[0112] In the present embodiment, a first actuator 1020 projects from the motor housing 210, for example, from the top surface of the motor housing 210 and is close to the first end 210a of the motor housing 210. As Figure 11 shown, the first actuator 1020 is configured to turn on the switch button 1030 of the drive unit switch 1010 when the drive unit 200 moves to the distal position. The second actuator 1040 projects from the motor housing 210, for example, from the top surface of the motor housing 210, between the first end 210a and the second end 210b of the motor housing 210. As Figure 12 shown, the second actuator 1040 is configured to turn off the switch button 1030 of the drive unit switch 1010 when the drive unit 200 moves beyond the proximal position. In the present embodiment, the distance between the first actuator 1020 and the second actuator 1040 is, for example, from about 30 mm to about 70 mm.

[0113] In addition, after reading this disclosure, other configurations of the drive unit switch 1010 are considered to be within the scope of this disclosure as long as their intended functions are achieved. For example, in some embodiments, the surgical drill 1000 includes a single actuator that protrudes from the motor housing 210 and is configured to turn on and off the drive unit switch 1010 when the drive unit 200 moves to the distal position and beyond the proximal position, respectively. In other embodiments, the surgical drill 1000 omits the first actuator 1020 and the second actuator 1040. In other embodiments, the drive unit switch 1010 is turned on by the second end 210b of the motor housing 210 when the drive unit 200 moves to the distal position, and is turned off by the first end 210a of the motor housing 210 when the drive unit 200 moves beyond the proximal position.

[0114] Figure 13 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control switch 160 and the drive unit switch 1010 of the surgical drill 1000 according to the present embodiment.

[0115] As Figure 13 shown, the drive unit switch 1010 is connected in series with the control switch 160. Specifically, the drive unit switch 1010 has a first switch terminal 1011 and a second switch terminal 1012. The first switch terminal 1011 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 1320 of the surgical drill 1000, and the second switch terminal 1012 is electrically connected to the first switch terminal 161 of the control switch 160. The control switch 160 further includes a second switch terminal 162 that is electrically connected to the first motor terminal 751 of the motor 750. The motor 750 further includes a second motor terminal 752 that is electrically connected to the negative terminal 1390 of the surgical drill 1000. The positive terminal 1320 and the negative terminal 1390 of the surgical drill 1000 are configured to be connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a power source (e.g., a battery), respectively.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 10 FIG. 4. When operating the surgical drill 1000, when it is necessary to use the surgical drill 1000 to grind an object and drill a hole in the object, the shank of the drill tool 190 is fixed in the holding member 120. Then, the tip of the drill tool 190 is aligned with the marked position on the object and abuts against the marked position on the object. At this time, the first actuator 1020 triggers the drive unit switch 1010, and at this time, the drive unit 200 is located at the distal position. Then, the switch button of the control switch 160 is triggered, thereby turning on the motor 750, and the motor 750 is in an operating state. At this time, the holding member 120 rotates, and at the same time drives the drill tool 190 to rotate, thereby grinding the object.

[0117] Next, the trigger 150 of the drill is actuated, and the drive unit 200 moves within the motor housing 110, thereby causing the drill bit 190 to perform a drilling operation. After that, when the drive unit 200 moves to a specified position, i.e., the proximal position, the second actuator 1040 triggers the drive unit switch 1010, thereby disconnecting the motor 750.

[0118] In the above manner, the depth of the hole can be effectively controlled.

[0119] Figure 14 is a perspective structural view of the surgical drill 1400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 14 shown, the difference between the surgical drill 1400 and the surgical drill 1000 is that the surgical drill 1400 further includes a second engagement assembly switch 1410 (third switch). The structure of the second engagement assembly switch 1410 is the same as that of the first engagement assembly switch 810 in the second embodiment, and will not be described herein again.

[0120] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the control switch 160, the drive unit switch 1010, and the second engagement assembly switch 1410 of the surgical drill 1400 in this embodiment. As Figure 15 shown, the drive unit switch 1010 is connected in series with the control switch 160. Specifically, the drive unit switch 1010 has a first switch terminal 1011 and a second switch terminal 1012, and the second switch terminal 1012 is electrically connected to the first switch terminal 161 of the control switch 160. The second switch terminal 162 of the control switch 160 is electrically connected to the first motor terminal 751 of the motor 750. In addition, the motor 750 further includes a second motor terminal 752 electrically connected to the negative terminal 1590 of the surgical drill 1400. The positive terminal 1520 and the negative terminal 1590 of the surgical drill 1400 are configured to be connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a power source (e.g., a battery), respectively.

[0121] The second engagement assembly switch 1410 is connected in parallel with the control switch 160. Specifically, the second engagement assembly switch 1410 includes a first switch terminal 1411 and a second switch terminal 1412. The first switch terminal 1411 is electrically connected to the first switch terminal 161 of the control switch 160, and the second switch terminal 1412 is electrically connected to the second switch terminal 162 of the control switch 160.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 14, during the operation of the surgical drill 1400, when it is necessary to use the surgical drill 1400 to grind an object and drill a hole in the object, the shank of the drill tool 190 is fixed in the holding member 120. Then, the tip of the drill tool 190 is aligned with the marked position on the object and abuts against the marked position on the object. At this time, since the drill tool 190 abuts against the object, the first actuator 1020 actuates the switch button 1030 of the drive unit switch 1010. Then, the control switch 160 is triggered, thereby turning on the motor 750 (see Figure 15 ). At this time, the holding member 120 rotates while driving the drill 190 to rotate, so that the object can be ground. Then, the engagement assembly 150 is moved from the disengaged position shown in, for example, Figure 5 to the engaged position shown in, for example, Figure 6 . Thus, the head member 270 of the engagement assembly 150 turns on the second engagement assembly switch 1410, and further the motor 750 is turned on. At this time, the drive shaft 220 rotates, causing the holding member 120 to rotate. At this time, the drive unit 200 moves from the distal position (for example, as shown in Figure 11 ) to the proximal position, thereby drilling a hole in the object.

[0123] After that, when the drive unit 200 moves to the proximal position, as shown in Figure 12 , the second actuator 1040 closes the switch button 1030 of the drive unit switch 1010. At this time, the motor 750 is turned off and the drilling operation stops.

[0124] It can be understood that other configurations that can achieve the expected functions of the drive unit switch 1010 are all within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, in some embodiments, the surgical drill 1000 has a single actuator protruding from the motor housing 210, and when the drive unit 200 moves to the proximal position or beyond the distal position, the actuator is configured to correspondingly turn on or off the drive unit switch 1010. In other embodiments, the surgical drill 1000 does not need to have the first actuator 1020 and the second actuator 1040.

[0125] In these other embodiments, when the drive unit 200 moves to the distal position, the drive unit switch 1010 is turned on by the second end 210b of the motor housing 210, and when the drive unit 200 moves beyond the proximal position, the drive unit switch 1010 is turned off by the first end 210a of the motor housing 210. Although the surgical drills 800, 1000 are illustrated as having switches 810, 1010, 1410 with switch actuators (e.g., switch actuator 1030), other configurations of the switches 810, 1010, 1410 are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure as long as their intended functions are achieved. For example, in some embodiments, at least one of the switches 810, 1010, 1410 may include a sensor that detects the position of the engagement assembly 150 / drive unit 200, such as a motion sensor, infrared, acoustic, magnetic, etc.

[0126] In the above manner, the depth of the hole can be effectively controlled, that is, effectively preventing the surgical drill 1400 from forming a hole at a position where a hole is not desired, and when drilling is required, simply triggering the engagement assembly 150 can trigger the second engagement assembly switch 1410, without the need to trigger the control switch 160 and then trigger the engagement assembly 150, making the operation more convenient.

[0127] Figure 16 is a top view of the surgical drill 1600 of the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 16 shown, the surgical drill 1600 is different from the surgical drills of the first to fourth embodiments of the present disclosure in that the surgical drill 1600 further includes a marker 1610, which is located on the motor housing 210 so as to be movable synchronously with the motor housing 210 and exposed through the window 1620 in the drill bit housing 110 to track the position of the drive unit 200 via a computer system through a spatial sensor (e.g., a camera).

[0128] In other embodiments, a plurality of markers (e.g., marker 1610) are provided on at least one of the motor housing 210, the holding member 120, and the threaded member 140.

[0129] In other embodiments, the marker 1610 may also be an active marker. In some such embodiments, the signal emitted by the marker 1610 is generated by the marker 1610 itself. For example: the marker 1610 may achieve this by emitting electromagnetic signals, sound waves, heat, any perceivable signals, or a combination thereof. In other embodiments, the marker 1610 is a passive marker. In such other embodiments, the marker 1610 is covered with a reflective material, and the signal emitted from the marker 1610 is reflected by the marker 1610.

[0130] In a particular embodiment, marker 1610 is an active and passive marker. In such an embodiment, marker 1610 is arranged to emit a signal and is covered with a reflective material.

[0131] Figure 17 is a partial front view of the surgical drill 1700 according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 17 shown, the surgical drill 1700 is different from the surgical drill 1600 in that the surgical drill 1700 further includes a pair of markers 1710, 1720 configured to absorb radiation (such as X-rays). Examples of materials for markers 1710, 1720 include but are not limited to metals and ceramics. In the present embodiment, markers 1710, 1720 are arranged on the holding member 120 of the surgical drill 1700, thereby allowing the position of the holding member 120 to be tracked by, for example, an X-ray imaging system.

[0132] In other embodiments, one or both of markers 1710, 1720 are active markers. In some such embodiments, the signal emitted by at least one of markers 1710, 1720 is generated by at least one of markers 1710, 1720 itself. In some embodiments, one or both of markers 1710, 1720 are capable of emitting electromagnetic signals, acoustic waves, thermal energy, any detectable signal, or any combination of the foregoing. In other embodiments, at least one of markers 1710, 1720 is a passive marker. In such other embodiments, at least one of markers 1710, 1720 is covered with a reflective material, and the signal emitted by at least one of markers 1710, 1720 is reflected by at least one of markers 1710, 1720.

[0133] In a particular embodiment, markers 1710, 1720 are active and passive markers. In such an embodiment, markers 1710, 1720 are arranged to emit a signal and are covered with a reflective material.

[0134] In some embodiments, as Figure 17 shown, markers 1710, 1720 are aligned along the axis of the holding member 120 of the surgical drill 1700.

[0135] Figure 18 is a partial front view of the markers on the surgical drill 1800 according to the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 18As shown, the surgical drill 1800 includes markers 1810 and 1820 respectively disposed on opposite sides of the holding member 120, wherein at least one of the markers 1810 and 1820 is a marker movable along the length direction of the holding member 120. For example, in some embodiments, one of the markers 1810 and 1820 is fixedly mounted on the holding member 120, and the other of the markers 1810 and 1820 is movable along the length direction of the holding member 120. In other embodiments, both of the two markers 1810 and 1820 are movably mounted on the holding member 120.

[0136] In other embodiments, one or both of the markers 1810 and 1820 are active markers. In some such embodiments, the signal emitted by at least one of the markers 1810 and 1820 is generated by at least one of the markers 1810 and 1820 itself. In some embodiments, one or both of the markers 1810 and 1820 are capable of emitting electromagnetic signals, acoustic waves, thermal energy, any detectable signal, or any combination of the foregoing. In other embodiments, at least one of the markers 1810 and 1820 is a passive marker. In such other embodiments, at least one of the markers 1810 and 1820 is covered with a reflective material, and the signal emitted by at least one of the markers 1810 and 1820 is reflected by at least one of the markers 1810 and 1820. In a particular embodiment, the markers 1810 and 1820 are active and passive markers. In such an embodiment, the markers 1810 and 1820 are arranged to be capable of emitting signals and are covered with a reflective material. The surgical drill 1800 further includes a set of angular markers 1830, which are disposed on the holding member 120 and are used to measure the angle α between the shaft axis A and the line B intersecting the markers 1810 and 1820. In use, one or both of the markers 1810 and 1820 can be adjusted with reference to the angular markers 1830 such that a marking angle is formed between the markers 1810 and 1820. Then, the surgical drill 1800 is brought into contact with an object (e.g., the patient's bone) such that a contact angle is formed therebetween. Thereafter, an image (e.g., an X-ray image) of the surgical drill 1800 and the object is taken to confirm whether the contact angle corresponds to the marking angle.

[0137] Figure 19 is a block diagram of the orthopedic surgical system 1900 of the present disclosure. The orthopedic surgical system 1900 includes a controller 1910 and a surgical drill 1920, and the surgical drill 1920 has the same constitution as any one of the foregoing surgical drills 100, 800, 1000, 1400, 1600, 1700, 1800, and will not be described herein again.

[0138] Those skilled in the art should understand that they can easily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures to achieve the same purposes and / or realize the same advantages as the embodiments described herein. Those skilled in the art should also be aware that such equivalent structures do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and various changes, substitutions, and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0139] The features of several embodiments are outlined above, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the aspects of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can easily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures to achieve the same purposes and / or realize the same advantages as the embodiments described herein. Those skilled in the art should also be aware that such equivalent structures do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and various changes, substitutions, and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0140] In addition, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other corresponding changes and deformations according to the technical concept of the present disclosure, and all such changes and deformations should fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A surgical drill, characterized in that, the surgical drill comprises: a housing; a drive unit movably mounted in the housing, the drive unit including a motor and a drive shaft, the drive shaft being connected to the motor, the drive unit being capable of moving relative to the housing between a distal position and a proximal position, in the distal position, the drive unit being away from the front end of the housing, and in the proximal position, the drive unit being close to the front end of the housing; a holding member fixedly connected to a first end portion of the drive shaft; a threaded member connected to a second end portion of the drive shaft; and an engagement assembly movably mounted on the housing and formed with threads, the engagement assembly being capable of moving relative to the housing to engage or disengage the threaded member; when the motor is energized, the holding member, the first end portion of the drive shaft, the second end portion of the drive shaft, and the threaded member rotate synchronously.

2. The surgical drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, the drive shaft is capable of rotating about an axis, and each of the holding member and the threaded member extends along the axis.

3. The surgical drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, the drive shaft, the holding member, and the threaded member are tubular and in fluid communication with each other.

4. The surgical drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, the engagement assembly includes: an engagement member formed with the threads; a head member; a neck member extending through the housing, both ends of the neck member being connected to the engagement member and the head member respectively; and a biasing member sleeved on the neck member and configured to bias the engagement member to disengage from the threaded member.

5. The surgical drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, the surgical drill further includes a first engagement assembly switch coupled to the motor and configured to turn on or off the motor.

6. The surgical drill according to claim 5, characterized in that, the surgical drill further includes a control switch connected to the motor, and the control switch is connected in parallel with the first engagement assembly switch.

7. The surgical drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, the surgical drill further includes a drive unit switch connected to the motor, the drive unit switch being configured to disconnect or connect the drive unit.

8. The surgical drill according to claim 7, characterized in that, the surgical drill further includes a first actuator formed on the drive unit and configured to turn on the drive unit when the drive unit moves to the distal position.

9. The surgical drill according to claim 8, characterized in that, the surgical drill further includes a second actuator formed on the drive unit and configured to turn off the drive unit when the drive unit moves beyond the proximal position.

10. A surgical drill, characterized in that, The surgical drill includes: A housing; A drive unit movably mounted within the housing, the drive unit including a motor and a drive shaft, the drive shaft being connected to the motor; A holding member connected to a first end portion of the drive shaft; A threaded member connected to a second end portion of the drive shaft; An engaging assembly movably mounted on the housing and formed with threads, the engaging assembly being movable relative to the housing to engage or disengage the threaded member; A drive unit switch connected to the motor and configured to be turned on or off by the drive unit; and A control switch connected to the motor and connected in series with the drive unit switch; When the motor is turned on, i.e., energized, the holding member, the first end portion of the drive shaft, the second end portion of the drive shaft, and the threaded member rotate synchronously.

11. The surgical drill according to claim 10, wherein, The surgical drill further includes an engaging assembly switch connected to the motor and connected in parallel with the control switch.

12. A surgical drill, wherein, The surgical drill includes: A housing having magnetism; A drive unit movably mounted within the housing, the drive unit including a motor and a drive shaft, the drive shaft being connected to the motor, the drive unit being movable relative to the housing between a distal position and a proximal position, in the distal position, the drive unit is away from the front end of the housing, and in the proximal position, the drive unit is close to the front end of the housing; A holding member connected to a first end portion of the drive shaft; A threaded member connected to a second end portion of the drive shaft; and An engaging assembly extending into the housing and configured to engage the drive shaft to push the drive unit from the distal position to the proximal position, the engaging assembly being movable relative to the housing to engage or disengage the threaded member; When the motor is turned on, i.e., energized, the holding member, the first end portion of the drive shaft, the second end portion of the drive shaft, and the threaded member rotate synchronously.

13. The surgical drill according to claim 12, wherein, The housing includes a drill bit housing and an extension housing connected to the rear end of the drill bit housing, the drive unit is located within the drill bit housing, and the engaging assembly is mounted on the extension housing.

14. The surgical drill according to claim 12, wherein, The surgical drill further includes a biasing member configured to bias the drive unit to the distal position.

15. The surgical drill according to claim 12, wherein, The surgical drill further includes a marker configured to emit a signal and disposed on the drive unit so as to move together with the drive unit.

16. The surgical drill according to claim 12, wherein, The surgical drill further includes: A first marker, the first marker being configured to absorb radiation and fixedly mounted on the holding member; A second marker, the second marker being configured to absorb radiation and movably mounted on the holding member; And A set of angular markers provided on the holding member.

17. The surgical drill according to claim 12, Characterized in that The surgical drill further includes one or more markers mounted on at least one of the drive unit, the drive shaft, and the holding member.

18. An orthopedic surgical system, Characterized in that The orthopedic surgical system includes: The surgical drill according to any one of claims 1 to 17; and A controller for controlling the surgical drill.

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