A 4G full-band high-gain omnidirectional antenna

Abstract

The present application discloses a 4G full-band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, comprising two symmetrically arranged antenna substrates, each of which has a feed point for power feeding at its end, and the width of the antenna substrate increases from the feed point to both sides; each antenna substrate is also provided with two groups of symmetrical slots, and the slots on the two antenna substrates are symmetrically arranged; each group of slots includes a first slot, a second slot, and a third slot that are interconnected, the second slot and the third slot being collinear, and the second and third slots forming a closed structure on the antenna substrate; the first slot is perpendicular to the line formed by the second and third slots, and one end of the first slot extends to the edge of the antenna substrate to form an opening. The technical solution of the present application achieves full-band high-gain omnidirectional radiation through a single antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a 4G full-band high-gain omnidirectional antenna. Background Art

[0002] In the micro base station field, there is an increasing demand for 4G full-band, ultra-wideband, omnidirectional antennas in some specialized application scenarios. The typical solution is to separate the 4G low-band and high-band antennas to achieve horizontal omnidirectional radiation. However, existing antennas are complex and large in size, making them inadequate for production needs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application proposes a 4G full-band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, which achieves full-band high-gain omnidirectional radiation through a single antenna.

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a 4G full-band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, comprising two symmetrically arranged antenna substrates, each of which has a feeding point for feeding power at its end, and the width of the antenna substrate increases from the feeding point to both sides;

[0005] Two groups of symmetrical slits are also provided on any antenna substrate, and the slits on the two antenna substrates are symmetrically arranged; any group of slits includes a first slit, a second slit and a third slit that are interconnected, the second slit and the third slit are collinear, and the second slit and the third slit are closed structures on the antenna substrate, the first slit is perpendicular to the straight line formed by the second slit and the third slit, and one end of the first slit extends to the edge of the antenna substrate to form an opening.

[0006] In some embodiments, the antenna substrate is arranged in a fan-shaped structure.

[0007] In some embodiments, the sum of the lengths of the first slot and the second slot is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 2500 MHz.

[0008] In some embodiments, the sum of the lengths of the first slot and the third slot is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 1800 MHz.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sum of the lengths of the second slot and the third slot is half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 2100 MHz.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first slot and the second slot in any group of slots form a first L-shaped slot, and the spacing between two symmetrical first L-shaped slots on the two antenna substrates is set to 0.5 to 0.7 times the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 2500 MHz.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first slot and the third slot in any group of slots form a second L-shaped slot, and the spacing between two symmetrical second L-shaped slots on the two antenna substrates is set to 0.5 to 0.7 times the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 1800 MHz.

[0012] In some embodiments, the antenna substrate is configured as an aluminum plate, an FPC flexible plate, or a PCB board.

[0013] In some embodiments, the thickness of the antenna substrate is set to 0.5-5 mm.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this application has the following advantages: By adopting an electric dipole antenna + slot antenna solution, it can achieve full 4G frequency band bandwidth. Within the entire frequency band, the antenna radiates horizontally and omnidirectionally with good non-circularity. The high-frequency antenna uses a four-element slot array to achieve an omnidirectional high-gain antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna resonance of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is the low-frequency diagram of the E-plane of the antenna in this application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is the high-frequency diagram of the E-plane of the antenna of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is the low-frequency diagram of the H-plane of the antenna of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is the high-frequency diagram of the H-plane of the antenna of this application;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna gain for this application;

[0023] The realization of the objectives, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0026] This embodiment proposes a 4G full-band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, comprising two symmetrically arranged antenna substrates, each of which has a feeding point for feeding power at its end, and the width of the antenna substrate increases from the feeding point toward both sides.

[0027] Two groups of symmetrical slits are also provided on any antenna substrate, and the slits on the two antenna substrates are symmetrically arranged; any group of slits includes a first slit, a second slit and a third slit that are interconnected, the second slit and the third slit are collinear, and the second slit and the third slit are closed structures on the antenna substrate, the first slit is perpendicular to the straight line formed by the second slit and the third slit, and one end of the first slit extends to the edge of the antenna substrate to form an opening.

[0028] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the antenna substrate is configured as an aluminum plate, flexible printed circuit board (FPC), or printed circuit board, with a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm. The antenna utilizes a symmetrical aluminum plate antenna + slot antenna. Low-frequency resonance is generated by the two symmetrical aluminum plate antennas, while high-frequency resonance is generated by an array antenna consisting of four T-shaped slot antennas. This allows for horizontal omnidirectional radiation across the entire 4G frequency band with high gain at all high frequencies using a single antenna.

[0029] It should be noted that the low-frequency electric dipole antenna is composed of an array that gradually widens toward the ends, thereby increasing the antenna's low-frequency bandwidth. Conventional electric dipole antennas have different characteristic impedances at different distances from the feed point, causing partial reflection and, therefore, a limited bandwidth. Increasing the array's width or diameter slows the rate at which the characteristic impedance changes with distance from the feed point, increasing the antenna's bandwidth. Furthermore, if the ratio of the antenna array's radius to its distance from the feed point remains constant, the characteristic impedances of sections of the antenna with equal distances from the feed point are all equal, forming a constant that is independent of frequency. Therefore, the bandwidth of an infinitely long conical antenna is infinite. In this embodiment, the low-frequency antenna utilizes a gradually increasing width from the feed point toward both ends, resulting in a slow change in the array's characteristic impedance with distance from the feed point, a relatively wide bandwidth, and a planar structure that facilitates conformal conformality. In this embodiment, the antenna substrate is configured in a fan-shaped structure.

[0030] In this embodiment, the mid- and high-frequency bands are formed by an array of four T-shaped slot antennas, each of which resonates between 1710 and 2690 MHz. The path formed by the first and second slots resonates around 2500 MHz, the path formed by the first and third slots resonates around 1800 MHz, and the path formed by the second and third slots resonates around 2100 MHz.

[0031] Specifically, the sum of the lengths of the first and second slots is one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 2500 MHz. The sum of the lengths of the first and third slots is one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 1800 MHz. The sum of the lengths of the second and third slots is one-half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 2100 MHz.

[0032] Furthermore, according to the principle of array antenna, the performance is best when the distance between the two units is 0.65 times the wavelength. In this embodiment, the first slot and the second slot in any group of slots form a first L-shaped slot, and the spacing between the two symmetrical first L-shaped slots on the two antenna substrates is set to 0.5 to 0.7 times the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 2500MHz. The first slot and the third slot in any group of slots form a second L-shaped slot, and the spacing between the two symmetrical second L-shaped slots on the two antenna substrates is set to 0.5 to 0.7 times the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 1800MHz. The length from the opening position of the first slot to the low-frequency end is equivalent to the effect of a parallel inductor relative to the medium and high frequencies. Therefore, the opening position of the first slot is selected at the position shown in the figure. The input impedance of the opening position plus the equivalent parallel inductor effect can make the impedance of the slot antenna easy to match.

[0033] Furthermore, the length of the third slot acts as an equivalent parallel capacitor for the slot antenna composed of the first and second slots, while the length of the second slot acts as an equivalent parallel inductor for the slot antenna composed of the first and third slots. Therefore, the length of the second slot has a significant impact on the resonance of the slot antenna composed of the first and third slots, while the third slot has a minimal impact on the resonance of the slot antenna composed of the first and second slots. Therefore, it is generally recommended to first optimize the high-frequency slot antenna composed of the first and second slots, then add a longer third slot to the high-frequency slot to form a low-frequency slot antenna composed of the first and third slots.

[0034] It should be noted that conventional full-band antennas typically use a third-order mode of low-frequency resonance for high frequencies. For example, the 2100MHz resonance is the third-order mode of the 700MHz resonance. This results in a split pattern, with upper and lower lobes, and poor horizontal radiation. Each resonance in this application uses the fundamental mode of the corresponding array or slot antenna, resulting in excellent horizontal omnidirectionality. The antenna radiates horizontally and omnidirectionally across the entire frequency band, with a non-lobed pattern and excellent omnidirectionality.

[0035] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A 4G full-band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, characterized in that: The antenna substrate comprises two symmetrically arranged antenna substrates, each of the ends of the antenna substrates being provided with a feeding point for feeding power, and the width of the antenna substrates extending from the feeding point to both sides increases; Each antenna substrate further comprises two sets of symmetrical slits, and the slits on the two antenna substrates are symmetrically arranged; each set of slits comprises a first slit, a second slit, and a third slit that are interconnected, the second slit and the third slit being collinear, and the second and third slits forming a closed structure on the antenna substrate; the first slit is perpendicular to the line formed by the second and third slits, and one end of the first slit extends to the edge of the antenna substrate to form an opening; The antenna substrate is arranged in a fan-shaped structure; The sum of the lengths of the first slot and the second slot is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 2500 MHz; The sum of the lengths of the first slot and the third slot is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 1800 MHz; The sum of the lengths of the second slot and the third slot is half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 2100 MHz; The first slot and the second slot in any group of slots form a first L-shaped slot, and the spacing between the two symmetrical first L-shaped slots on the two antenna substrates is set to 0.5 to 0.7 times the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 2500 MHz; The first slot and the third slot in any group of slots form a second L-shaped slot, and the spacing between the two symmetrical second L-shaped slots on the two antenna substrates is set to 0.5 to 0.7 times the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of 1800 MHz; The antenna substrate is configured as an aluminum plate, an FPC flexible plate, or a PCB board; The thickness of the antenna substrate is set to 0.5-5 mm.

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