A method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in a hydrogen energy storage incremental distribution network

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for coordinated operation of an incremental distribution network containing hydrogen energy storage, which belongs to the field of distribution network operation control. By calculating and processing the hydrogen storage capacity of hydrogen storage equipment, the wind and solar renewable energy power generation, the electrolyzer operating power and hydrogen production, the fuel cell hydrogen consumption and power generation, the electric load, and the hydrogen load, the incremental distribution network electric hydrogen coordinated operation method is obtained, which specifically includes constructing a hydrogen storage equipment operation model; constructing a wind and solar operation model; constructing an electrolyzer operation model; constructing a fuel cell operation model; realizing the coordinated operation of the incremental distribution network electric hydrogen, etc. The present invention can realize the coordinated operation of the incremental distribution network containing hydrogen storage equipment, wind and solar renewable energy, electrolyzer, fuel cell, electric load, and hydrogen load, meet the electric load and hydrogen load requirements, realize the closed-loop full utilization of renewable energy, reduce wind and solar abandonment, and improve the reliability of energy supply to improve the level of renewable energy consumption, comprehensive energy utilization rate, and energy supply reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution network operation control, and in particular to an electricity-hydrogen coordinated operation method of a hydrogen-containing energy storage incremental distribution network. Background Art

[0002] Configuring a certain scale of wind turbines and photovoltaics in the incremental distribution network can achieve better investment and operation benefits. Since the output of renewable energy such as wind and solar power has the characteristics of volatility and randomness, it is not conducive to stable power supply. The problem of wind and solar power abandonment occurs from time to time, which is not conducive to the reliable operation of the incremental distribution network. Hydrogen energy storage has high energy density, low operation and maintenance costs, and can be stored for a long time. The use of hydrogen energy storage can improve the renewable energy consumption level, comprehensive energy utilization rate and energy supply reliability of the incremental distribution network. However, the existing electricity-hydrogen coordinated operation strategy of the incremental distribution network containing hydrogen energy storage cannot meet actual needs, cannot effectively play the role of hydrogen energy storage as a link between renewable energy such as wind and solar power and load demand, and cannot meet the requirements of source following load. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric-hydrogen coordinated operation method for an incremental distribution network containing hydrogen energy storage, which can realize the coordinated operation of an incremental distribution network containing hydrogen storage equipment, renewable energy such as wind and solar power, electrolyzers, fuel cells, electric loads, and hydrogen loads, meet the needs of electric loads and hydrogen loads, and realize closed-loop full utilization of renewable energy while reducing wind and solar power abandonment.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in an incremental distribution network containing hydrogen energy storage is provided, by calculating and processing the hydrogen storage capacity of hydrogen storage equipment, the power generation power of wind and solar renewable energy, the operating power and hydrogen production capacity of electrolyzers, the hydrogen consumption and power generation power of fuel cells, the electric load and the hydrogen load, so as to obtain the method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in the incremental distribution network, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the level of renewable energy consumption, the comprehensive energy utilization rate and the reliability of energy supply; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, constructing a hydrogen storage equipment operation model;

[0007] Step 2: Build a wind and solar operation model;

[0008] Step 3, constructing an electrolyzer operation model;

[0009] Step 4, constructing a fuel cell operation model;

[0010] Step 5: Realize coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in the incremental distribution network.

[0011] The further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in step 1, a hydrogen storage device operation model is constructed, the hydrogen storage device is used to store hydrogen, the total capacity of the hydrogen storage device is represented by mass, and the hydrogen storage device is a specific carrier of hydrogen energy storage; the hydrogen storage device includes an electrolyzer hydrogen storage device Hsto_E2H, a fuel cell hydrogen storage device Hsto_FC and a hydrogen load hydrogen storage device Hsto_H; the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer is stored in Hsto_E2H and output to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H respectively, and the above three hydrogen storage devices operate in coordination;

[0012] Assume that the total capacity of Hsto_E2H, Hsto_FC and Hsto_H is M respectively. Hsto_E2H,0 、M Hsto_FC,0 、M Hsto_H,0 , when it is put into operation, it has a certain initial capacity, which is 10% of its total capacity;

[0013] Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage ratio at time t Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio Hsto_H Hydrogen storage ratio They are:

[0014]

[0015] In the formula, is the hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_E2H at time t; is the hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC at time t; Hsto_H is the hydrogen storage capacity at time t;

[0016] Set reasonable upper and lower limits of hydrogen storage ratio. When the ratio is higher than the upper limit, the hydrogen storage device is considered full and no more hydrogen can be input. When the ratio is lower than the lower limit, the hydrogen storage device is considered to have no hydrogen and no more hydrogen can be output.

[0017] Assume that the upper limit coefficient of Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage ratio and the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage ratio are β Hsto_E2H,u , β Hsto_E2H,d ; The upper limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio and the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio are β Hsto_FC,u , β Hsto_FC,d ; The upper limit coefficient of Hsto_H hydrogen storage ratio and the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_H hydrogen storage ratio are β Hsto_H,u , β Hsto_H,d ;

[0018] Step 1.1, Hsto_E2H runs the model;

[0019] Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage capacity at time t for:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, Hsto_E2H is the hydrogen storage capacity at time t-1; is the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_E2H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t;

[0022] The amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_E2H at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_E2H is greater than the upper limit coefficient of the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_E2H, no more hydrogen will be input to Hsto_E2H; otherwise, hydrogen will be input to Hsto_E2H normally.

[0023]

[0024] Where η trans is the effective hydrogen delivery rate; is the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer at time t; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity Hsto_E2H at time t; β Hsto_E2H,u Hsto_E2H is the upper limit coefficient of hydrogen storage capacity;

[0025] The amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_E2H is less than the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage in Hsto_E2H, hydrogen will no longer be output from Hsto_E2H; otherwise, hydrogen will be output from Hsto_E2H normally.

[0026]

[0027] Where, ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity Hsto_E2H at time t; β Hsto_E2H,d Hsto_E2H is the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage capacity;

[0028] Step 1.2, Hsto_FC runs the model;

[0029] Hsto_FC hydrogen storage capacity at time t for:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, Hsto_FC is the hydrogen storage capacity at time t-1; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output to the fuel cell by Hsto_FC at time t;

[0032] The amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC is greater than the upper limit coefficient of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC, no more hydrogen will be input to Hsto_FC; otherwise, hydrogen will be input to Hsto_FC normally.

[0033]

[0034] Where, λ is the ratio coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC at time t; β Hsto_FC,u The upper limit coefficient of the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC;

[0035] The amount of hydrogen Hsto_FC output to the fuel cell at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC is less than the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC, Hsto_FC will no longer output hydrogen to the fuel cell; otherwise, Hsto_FC will normally output hydrogen to the fuel cell, and the normal output amount of hydrogen is determined by the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell;

[0036]

[0037] Where η trans is the effective hydrogen delivery rate; is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell at time t; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC at time t; β Hsto_FC,d is the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage capacity;

[0038] Step 1.3, Hsto_H runs the model;

[0039] Hsto_H hydrogen storage capacity at time t for:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, Hsto_H is the hydrogen storage amount at time t-1; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output to the hydrogen load by Hsto_H at time t;

[0042] The amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_H is greater than the upper limit coefficient of the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_H, no more hydrogen will be input to Hsto_H; otherwise, hydrogen will be input to Hsto_H normally.

[0043]

[0044] Where, λ is the ratio coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; Hsto_H is the proportion of hydrogen storage at time t; β Hsto_H,u Hsto_H is the upper limit coefficient of hydrogen storage capacity;

[0045] Hsto_H is the amount of hydrogen output to the hydrogen load at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_H is less than the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage in Hsto_H, Hsto_H will no longer output hydrogen to the hydrogen load; otherwise, Hsto_H will normally output hydrogen to the hydrogen load, and the normal output hydrogen volume is related to the hydrogen load demand;

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, is the hydrogen load demand at time t; M H,0 Hsto_H is the maximum output per unit time; Hsto_H is the proportion of hydrogen storage at time t; β Hsto_H,d Hsto_H is the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage capacity;

[0048] When the hydrogen load demand at time t cannot be met, part of the hydrogen load needs to be cut off. for:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, is the hydrogen load demand at time t; M H,0 Hsto_H is the maximum output per unit time;

[0051] Step 1.4, input and output coupling operation of three types of hydrogen storage devices;

[0052] When the three types of hydrogen storage equipment are within the upper and lower limit coefficients of their respective hydrogen storage ratios, the amount of hydrogen output by Hsto_E2H is equal to the sum of the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H, that is,

[0053]

[0054] In the formula, is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t;

[0055] However, if one or more hydrogen storage devices are not within the range of the upper and lower limits of their hydrogen storage capacity, formula (12) does not hold.

[0056] when When , the amount of hydrogen that Hsto_E2H can output is greater than the sum of the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H. The amount of hydrogen output by Hsto_E2H is determined by the sum of the amount of hydrogen that can be input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H, that is,

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen output by Hsto_E2H at time t;

[0059] At this time, it is necessary to reduce the operating power of the electrolyzer Correspondingly reduce the wind and solar power used for electrolyzer hydrogen production and increase the wind and solar power generation capacity to supply the electrical load This reduces the power generation of the fuel cell The amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_FC to the fuel cell is reduced accordingly;

[0060] when When the amount of hydrogen that Hsto_E2H can output is less than the sum of the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H, the amount of hydrogen that Hsto_E2H can output is used to determine the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H. and The size of determines which hydrogen storage device Hsto_E2H will first satisfy;

[0061] when When , Hsto_E2H first satisfies Hsto_FC, and the remaining hydrogen is output to Hsto_H;

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; λ is the proportional coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t;

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t;

[0066] when When , Hsto_E2H first satisfies Hsto_H, and the remaining hydrogen is output to Hsto_FC;

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; λ is the proportional coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t;

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; It is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t.

[0071] The further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in step 2, a wind-solar operation model is constructed, and the wind-solar power generation power has three uses, which are respectively used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers, supplying electric loads and feeding back to the power grid; the wind-solar power generation power is preferentially used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers; when there is surplus wind-solar power generation power after being used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers, it is fed to the electric loads; when there is still surplus wind-solar power generation power after being used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers and supplying electric loads, it is fed back to the power grid;

[0072] Assume that the wind and solar power generation power at time t is The power used for hydrogen production in electrolyzer, supplying electric load and feeding back to the grid are but

[0073]

[0074] When Hsto_E2H is not full, the electrolyzer produces hydrogen normally;

[0075] When the wind and solar power generation power is less than or equal to the rated power of the electrolyzer, the wind and solar power generation power is all used for hydrogen production by the electrolyzer. Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t;

[0078] When the wind-solar power generation power is greater than the rated power of the electrolyzer, in addition to meeting the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer, the difference between the wind-solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer is supplied to the electrical load. If the difference between the wind-solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer is less than or equal to the power demanded by the electrical load, the wind-solar power generation power used for hydrogen production by the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0079]

[0080] Where P E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t;

[0081] If the difference between the wind and solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer is greater than the power required by the load, the difference between the wind and solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer and the power required by the load will be fed back to the grid. At this time, the wind and solar power generation power used for hydrogen production by the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, P is the power demanded by the electric load at time t; E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t;

[0084] When Hsto_E2H is full, the electrolyzer stops producing hydrogen;

[0085] All wind and solar power generation is supplied to the electric load. If the wind and solar power generation is less than or equal to the power required by the electric load, the wind and solar power generation used for hydrogen production in the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t;

[0088] If the wind and solar power generation power is greater than the power required by the load, the difference between the wind and solar power generation power and the power required by the load will be fed back to the grid. At this time, the wind and solar power generation power used for hydrogen production in the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t.

[0091] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 3, an electrolyzer operation model is constructed. Under normal operating conditions of the electrolyzer, the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer and the operating power of the electrolyzer are approximately linearly related, that is,

[0092]

[0093] In the formula, is the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer at time t; is the operating power of the electrolytic cell at time t; α E2H is the hydrogen production rate per unit electricity of the electrolyzer; Δt is the unit time;

[0094] Hydrogen production of the electrolyzer at rated power M E2H,0 for:

[0095] M E2H,0 =α E2H P E2H,0 Δt (25)

[0096] Where P E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; α E2H is the hydrogen production rate per unit electricity of the electrolyzer; Δt is the unit time;

[0097] When Hsto_E2H is not full, the electrolyzer operating power for:

[0098]

[0099] Where P E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t;

[0100] When Hsto_E2H is full, the electrolyzer operates at for:

[0101]

[0102] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in step 4, a fuel cell operation model is constructed, the fuel cell uses hydrogen to generate electricity, and the power generation power and hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell are approximately linearly related, that is,

[0103]

[0104] Where: is the power generated by the fuel cell at time t; is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell at time t; η FC2E is the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell; Δt is the unit time;

[0105] Fuel cell rated power generation P FC2E,0 for:

[0106]

[0107] Where M FC2E,0 is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell under rated conditions per unit time; η FC2E is the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell; Δt is the unit time;

[0108] When Hsto_FC has hydrogen, if the fuel cell can meet the power demand of the electric load in real time within the rated power range, the power generated by the fuel cell for:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; The wind and solar power generation power that supplies the electric load is also the electric load demand power supplied by the wind and solar power generation;

[0111] If the fuel cell cannot meet the power demand of the electrical load at the rated power, the fuel cell power generation for:

[0112]

[0113] Where: P FC2E,0 is the rated power generation of the fuel cell;

[0114] At this time, it is necessary to purchase electricity from the public grid to meet the power demand of the power load, so the power purchase for:

[0115]

[0116] In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; P is the wind and solar power generation power supplied to the electric load, which is also the power required by the electric load supplied by wind and solar power generation; FC2E,0 is the rated power generation of the fuel cell;

[0117] When Hsto_FC has no hydrogen, the fuel cell does not generate electricity, then the power generated by the fuel cell is for:

[0118]

[0119] At this time, it is necessary to purchase electricity from the public grid to meet the power load demand. for:

[0120]

[0121] In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; The wind and solar power generation power that supplies the electric load is also the electric load demand power supplied by the wind and solar power generation.

[0122] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in step 5, the electricity-hydrogen coordinated operation of the incremental distribution network is realized:

[0123] Step 5.1, obtaining the operating parameters of the incremental distribution network at time t;

[0124] Step 5.2, determine whether wind and solar power can generate electricity. If If it can generate electricity, go to step 5.3, otherwise go to step 5.7;

[0125] Step 5.3, determine whether the electrolytic cell is working. If If it works, go to step 5.4, otherwise go to step 5.7;

[0126] Step 5.4, calculate the wind and solar power generation power and the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer. but otherwise

[0127] Step 5.5, calculate the wind and solar power supply to the electrical load. If but otherwise

[0128] Step 5.6, determine whether the fuel cell is working. If Cannot work, calculate the power purchase, Go to step 5.8; otherwise go to step 5.7;

[0129] Step 5.7, calculate the fuel cell power generation and hydrogen consumption, if but Otherwise, calculate the purchased power,

[0130] Step 5.8, determine whether the hydrogen load storage device is working properly. If it cannot work, calculate the amount of hydrogen load removed. Go to step 5.10, otherwise go to step 5.9;

[0131] Step 5.9, determine whether the hydrogen load storage equipment meets the hydrogen load demand. If can be satisfied, otherwise calculate the amount of hydrogen load removed,

[0132] Step 5.10, update the hydrogen storage capacity ratio of each hydrogen energy storage device and the operating parameters of the incremental distribution network at time t+1, and go to step 5.1.

[0133] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is:

[0134] The present invention can flexibly coordinate the hydrogen storage capacity of each hydrogen storage device. Through the buffering effect of hydrogen energy storage, it can quickly respond to the demand for electricity load and hydrogen load, greatly improving the system's ability to absorb wind and solar power output, and can reduce the incremental distribution network's dependence on public grid electricity purchases. While meeting load demand, it can achieve closed-loop full utilization of renewable energy, reduce wind and solar power abandonment, and improve energy supply reliability, thereby improving the level of renewable energy absorption, comprehensive energy utilization rate and energy supply reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0135] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a hydrogen-containing energy storage incremental distribution network system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0136] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the operation method in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0137] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatus.

[0138] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0139] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in an incremental distribution network containing hydrogen energy storage is provided, wherein the incremental distribution network containing hydrogen energy storage is constructed to include wind turbines (WG), photovoltaics (PV), electrolyzers (E2H), fuel cells (FC), hydrogen storage equipment (Hsto), electric loads, hydrogen loads, etc.;

[0140] The specific steps include:

[0141] Step 1, constructing a hydrogen storage equipment operation model;

[0142] Hydrogen storage equipment is used to store hydrogen. The total capacity of hydrogen storage equipment is expressed by mass. Hydrogen storage equipment is a specific carrier of hydrogen energy storage. There are three types of hydrogen storage equipment, electrolyzer hydrogen storage equipment (Hsto_E2H), fuel cell hydrogen storage equipment (Hsto_FC) and hydrogen load hydrogen storage equipment (Hsto_H). After the electrolyzer produces hydrogen, it is stored in Hsto_E2H and output to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H respectively. The three types of hydrogen storage equipment operate in coordination.

[0143] Assume that the total capacity of Hsto_E2H, Hsto_FC and Hsto_H is M Hsto_E2H,0 、M Hsto_FC,0 、M Hsto_H,0 , it has a certain initial capacity when it is put into operation, which is 10% of its total capacity.

[0144] Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage ratio at time t Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio Hsto_H Hydrogen storage ratio They are:

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, is the hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_E2H at time t; is the hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC at time t; is the hydrogen storage amount Hsto_H at time t.

[0147] Reasonable upper and lower limit coefficients of the hydrogen storage capacity ratio are set. When the hydrogen storage capacity ratio is higher than the upper limit coefficient, it is considered that the hydrogen storage device is full and no more hydrogen can be input; when the hydrogen storage capacity ratio is lower than the lower limit coefficient, it is considered that the hydrogen storage device has no hydrogen and no more hydrogen can be output.

[0148] Assume that the upper limit coefficient of Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage ratio and the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage ratio are β Hsto_E2H,u , β Hsto_E2H,d ; The upper limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio and the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio are β Hsto_FC,u , β Hsto_FC,d ; The upper limit coefficient of Hsto_H hydrogen storage ratio and the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_H hydrogen storage ratio are β Hsto_H,u , β Hsto_H,d .

[0149] Step 1.1, Hsto_E2H runs the model;

[0150] Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage capacity at time t for:

[0151]

[0152] In the formula, Hsto_E2H is the hydrogen storage capacity at time t-1; is the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_E2H at time t; It is the amount of hydrogen outputted by Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t.

[0153] The amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_E2H at time t With the current If the hydrogen storage ratio of Hsto_E2H is greater than the upper limit coefficient of the hydrogen storage ratio of Hsto_E2H, no more hydrogen will be input to Hsto_E2H; otherwise, hydrogen will be input to Hsto_E2H normally.

[0154]

[0155] Where η trans is the effective hydrogen delivery rate; is the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer at time t; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity Hsto_E2H at time t; β Hsto_E2H,u It is the upper limit coefficient of Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage capacity.

[0156] The amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t With the current If the hydrogen storage ratio of Hsto_E2H is less than the lower limit coefficient of the hydrogen storage ratio of Hsto_E2H, hydrogen will no longer be output from Hsto_E2H; otherwise, hydrogen will be output from Hsto_E2H normally.

[0157]

[0158] Where, ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity Hsto_E2H at time t; β Hsto_E2H,d It is the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage capacity.

[0159] Step 1.2, Hsto_FC runs the model;

[0160] Hsto_FC hydrogen storage capacity at time t for:

[0161]

[0162] In the formula, Hsto_FC is the hydrogen storage capacity at time t-1; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output to the fuel cell at time t by Hsto_FC.

[0163] The amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t With the current If the hydrogen storage ratio of Hsto_FC is greater than the upper limit coefficient of the hydrogen storage ratio of Hsto_FC, no more hydrogen will be input to Hsto_FC; otherwise, hydrogen will be input to Hsto_FC normally.

[0164]

[0165] Where, λ is the ratio coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC at time t; β Hsto_FC,u It is the upper limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage capacity.

[0166] The amount of hydrogen Hsto_FC output to the fuel cell at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC is less than the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC, Hsto_FC will no longer output hydrogen to the fuel cell; otherwise, Hsto_FC will normally output hydrogen to the fuel cell, and the normal output amount of hydrogen is determined by the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell.

[0167]

[0168] Where η trans is the effective hydrogen delivery rate; is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell at time t; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC at time t; β Hsto_FC,d It is the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio.

[0169] Step 1.3, Hsto_H runs the model;

[0170] Hsto_H hydrogen storage capacity at time t for:

[0171]

[0172] In the formula, Hsto_H is the hydrogen storage amount at time t-1; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; Hsto_H is the amount of hydrogen output to the hydrogen load at time t.

[0173] The amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t With the current If the hydrogen storage ratio of Hsto_H is greater than the upper limit coefficient of the hydrogen storage ratio of Hsto_H, no more hydrogen will be input to Hsto_H; otherwise, hydrogen will be input to Hsto_H normally.

[0174]

[0175] Where, λ is the ratio coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; Hsto_H is the proportion of hydrogen storage at time t; β Hsto_H,u Hsto_H is the upper limit coefficient of hydrogen storage capacity.

[0176] Hsto_H is the amount of hydrogen output to the hydrogen load at time t With the current If the Hsto_H hydrogen storage ratio is less than the lower limit coefficient of the Hsto_H hydrogen storage ratio, Hsto_H will no longer output hydrogen to the hydrogen load; otherwise, Hsto_H will normally output hydrogen to the hydrogen load, and the normal output hydrogen volume is related to the hydrogen load demand.

[0177]

[0178] In the formula, is the hydrogen load demand at time t; M H,0 Hsto_H is the maximum output per unit time; Hsto_H is the proportion of hydrogen storage at time t; β Hsto_H,d Hsto_H is the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage ratio.

[0179] When the hydrogen load demand at time t cannot be met, part of the hydrogen load needs to be cut off. for:

[0180]

[0181] In the formula, is the hydrogen load demand at time t; M H,0 It is the maximum output per unit time of Hsto_H.

[0182] Step 1.4, input and output coupling operation of three types of hydrogen storage devices;

[0183] When the three types of hydrogen storage equipment are within the upper and lower limit coefficients of their respective hydrogen storage ratios, the amount of hydrogen output by Hsto_E2H is equal to the sum of the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H, that is,

[0184]

[0185] In the formula, is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t.

[0186] However, when one or more hydrogen storage devices are not within the upper and lower limit coefficient range of their hydrogen storage capacity, formula (46) does not hold.

[0187] when When , the amount of hydrogen that Hsto_E2H can output is greater than the sum of the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H. The amount of hydrogen output by Hsto_E2H is determined by the sum of the amount of hydrogen that can be input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H, that is,

[0188]

[0189] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen output by Hsto_E2H at time t.

[0190] At this time, it is necessary to reduce the operating power of the electrolyzer Correspondingly reduce the wind and solar power used for electrolyzer hydrogen production and increase the wind and solar power generation capacity to supply the electrical load This reduces the power generation of the fuel cell The amount of hydrogen output to the fuel cell by Hsto_FC is reduced accordingly.

[0191] when When the amount of hydrogen that Hsto_E2H can output is less than the sum of the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H, the amount of hydrogen that Hsto_E2H can output is used to determine the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H. and The size of determines which hydrogen storage device Hsto_E2H will prioritize.

[0192] when , Hsto_E2H first satisfies Hsto_FC, and the remaining hydrogen is output to Hsto_H.

[0193]

[0194] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; λ is the proportional coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; It is the amount of hydrogen outputted by Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t.

[0195]

[0196] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; It is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t.

[0197] when , Hsto_E2H first satisfies Hsto_H, and the remaining hydrogen is output to Hsto_FC.

[0198]

[0199] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; λ is the proportional coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; It is the amount of hydrogen outputted by Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t.

[0200]

[0201] In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; It is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t.

[0202] Step 2: Build a wind and solar operation model;

[0203] There are three uses for wind and solar power generation, which are used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers, supplying electric loads, and feeding back to the grid. Wind and solar power generation is used first for hydrogen production in electrolyzers; if there is surplus wind and solar power generation after being used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers, it is fed to electric loads; if there is still surplus wind and solar power generation after being used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers and supplying electric loads, it is fed back to the grid.

[0204] Assume that the wind and solar power generation power at time t is The power used for hydrogen production in electrolyzer, supplying electric load and feeding back to the grid are but

[0205]

[0206] When Hsto_E2H is not full, the electrolyzer produces hydrogen normally.

[0207] When the wind and solar power generation power is less than or equal to the rated power of the electrolyzer, the wind and solar power generation power is all used for hydrogen production by the electrolyzer. Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0208]

[0209] In the formula, is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t.

[0210] When the wind-solar power generation power is greater than the rated power of the electrolyzer, in addition to meeting the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer, the difference between the wind-solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer is supplied to the electrical load. If the difference between the wind-solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer is less than or equal to the power demanded by the electrical load, the wind-solar power generation power used for hydrogen production by the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0211]

[0212] Where P E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t.

[0213] If the difference between the wind and solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer is greater than the power required by the load, the difference between the wind and solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer and the power required by the load will be fed back to the grid. At this time, the wind and solar power generation power used for hydrogen production by the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0214]

[0215] In the formula, P is the power demanded by the electric load at time t; E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t.

[0216] When Hsto_E2H is full, the electrolyzer stops producing hydrogen.

[0217] All wind and solar power generation is supplied to the electric load. If the wind and solar power generation is less than or equal to the power required by the electric load, the wind and solar power generation used for hydrogen production in the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0218]

[0219] In the formula, is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t.

[0220] If the wind and solar power generation power is greater than the power required by the load, the difference between the wind and solar power generation power and the power required by the load will be fed back to the grid. At this time, the wind and solar power generation power used for hydrogen production in the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are:

[0221]

[0222] In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t.

[0223] Step 3, constructing an electrolyzer operation model;

[0224] When the electrolyzer is in normal operation, the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the operating power of the electrolyzer are approximately linearly related, that is,

[0225]

[0226] In the formula, is the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer at time t; is the operating power of the electrolytic cell at time t; α E2H is the hydrogen production rate per unit electricity of the electrolyzer; Δt is the unit time.

[0227] In particular, the hydrogen production M of the electrolyzer at rated power E2H,0 for:

[0228] M E2H,0 =α E2H P E2H,0 Δt (59)

[0229] Where P E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; α E2H is the hydrogen production rate per unit electricity of the electrolyzer; Δt is the unit time.

[0230] When Hsto_E2H is not full, the electrolyzer operating power for:

[0231]

[0232] Where P E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t.

[0233] When Hsto_E2H is full, the electrolyzer operates at for:

[0234]

[0235] Step 4, constructing a fuel cell operation model;

[0236] Fuel cells use hydrogen to generate electricity. The power generation of fuel cells and the amount of hydrogen consumed are approximately linearly related, that is,

[0237]

[0238] In the formula, is the power generated by the fuel cell at time t; is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell at time t; η FC2E is the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell; Δt is the unit time.

[0239] In particular, the fuel cell rated power generation P FC2E,0 for:

[0240]

[0241] Where M FC2E,0 is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell under rated conditions per unit time; η FC2E is the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell; Δt is the unit time.

[0242] When Hsto_FC has hydrogen, if the fuel cell can meet the power demand of the electric load in real time within the rated power range, the power generated by the fuel cell for:

[0243]

[0244] In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; The wind and solar power generation power that supplies the electric load is also the electric load demand power supplied by the wind and solar power generation.

[0245] If the fuel cell cannot meet the power demand of the electrical load at the rated power, the fuel cell power generation for:

[0246]

[0247] Where P FC2E,0 is the rated power generation of the fuel cell.

[0248] At this time, it is necessary to purchase electricity from the public grid to meet the power demand of the power load, so the power purchase for:

[0249]

[0250] In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; P is the wind and solar power generation power supplied to the electric load, which is also the power required by the electric load supplied by wind and solar power generation; FC2E,0 is the rated power generation of the fuel cell.

[0251] When Hsto_FC has no hydrogen, the fuel cell does not generate electricity, then the power generated by the fuel cell is for:

[0252]

[0253] At this time, it is necessary to purchase electricity from the public grid to meet the power load demand. for:

[0254]

[0255] In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; The wind and solar power generation power that supplies the electric load is also the electric load demand power supplied by the wind and solar power generation.

[0256] Step 5: Realize the coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in the incremental distribution network containing hydrogen energy storage. The specific process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown;

[0257] Step 5.1, obtaining the operating parameters of the incremental distribution network at time t;

[0258] Step 5.2, determine whether wind and solar power can generate electricity. If If it can generate electricity, go to step 5.3, otherwise go to step 5.7;

[0259] Step 5.3, determine whether the electrolytic cell is working. If If it works, go to step 5.4, otherwise go to step 5.7;

[0260] Step 5.4, calculate the wind and solar power generation power and the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer. but otherwise

[0261] Step 5.5, calculate the wind and solar power supply to the electrical load. If but otherwise

[0262] Step 5.6, determine whether the fuel cell is working. If Cannot work, calculate the power purchase, Go to step 5.8; otherwise go to step 5.7;

[0263] Step 5.7, calculate the fuel cell power generation and hydrogen consumption, if but Otherwise, calculate the purchased power,

[0264] Step 5.8, determine whether the hydrogen load storage device is working properly. If it cannot work, calculate the amount of hydrogen load removed. Go to step 5.10, otherwise go to step 5.9;

[0265] Step 5.9, determine whether the hydrogen load storage equipment meets the hydrogen load demand. If can be satisfied, otherwise calculate the amount of hydrogen load removed,

[0266] Step 5.10, update the hydrogen storage capacity ratio of each hydrogen energy storage device and the operating parameters of the incremental distribution network at time t+1, and go to step 5.1.

[0267] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in a hydrogen-containing energy storage incremental distribution network, characterized in that: The calculation and processing of hydrogen storage capacity of hydrogen storage equipment, wind and solar renewable energy power generation, electrolyzer operating power and hydrogen production, fuel cell hydrogen consumption and power generation, electric load, and hydrogen load are used to obtain the electricity-hydrogen coordinated operation method of the incremental distribution network; The specific steps include: Step 1, constructing a hydrogen storage equipment operation model; The hydrogen storage equipment is used to store hydrogen. The total capacity of the hydrogen storage equipment is expressed by mass. The hydrogen storage equipment is the specific carrier of hydrogen energy storage. The hydrogen storage equipment includes the electrolyzer hydrogen storage equipment Hsto_E2H, the fuel cell hydrogen storage equipment Hsto_FC and the hydrogen load hydrogen storage equipment Hsto_H. After the electrolyzer produces hydrogen, it is stored in the Hsto_E2H and output to the Hsto_FC and Hsto_H respectively. The above three types of hydrogen storage equipment operate in coordination. Assume that the total capacity of Hsto_E2H, Hsto_FC and Hsto_H is M respectively. Hsto_E2H,0 、M Hsto_FC,0 、M Hsto_H,0 , when it is put into operation, it has a certain initial capacity, which is 10% of its total capacity; Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage ratio at time t Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio Hsto_H Hydrogen storage ratio They are: In the formula, is the hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_E2H at time t; is the hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC at time t; Hsto_H is the hydrogen storage capacity at time t; Set reasonable upper and lower limits of hydrogen storage ratio. When the ratio is higher than the upper limit, the hydrogen storage device is considered full and no more hydrogen can be input. When the ratio is lower than the lower limit, the hydrogen storage device is considered to have no hydrogen and no more hydrogen can be output. Assume that the upper limit coefficient of Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage ratio and the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage ratio are β Hsto_E2H,u , β Hsto_E2H,d ; The upper limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio and the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage ratio are β Hsto_FC,u , β Hsto_FC,d ; The upper limit coefficient of Hsto_H hydrogen storage ratio and the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_H hydrogen storage ratio are β Hsto_H,u , β Hsto_H,d ; Step 2: Build a wind and solar operation model; There are three uses for wind and solar power generation, which are used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers, supplying electric loads and feeding back to the grid. Wind and solar power generation is used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers first. When there is surplus wind and solar power generation after being used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers, it is fed to the electric loads. When there is surplus wind and solar power generation after being used for hydrogen production in electrolyzers and supplying electric loads, it is fed back to the grid. Step 3, constructing an electrolyzer operation model; When the electrolyzer is in normal operation, the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and the operating power of the electrolyzer are approximately linearly related, that is, In the formula, is the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer at time t; is the operating power of the electrolytic cell at time t; α E2H is the hydrogen production rate per unit electricity of the electrolyzer; Δt is the unit time; Step 4, constructing a fuel cell operation model; Fuel cells use hydrogen to generate electricity. The power generation of fuel cells and the amount of hydrogen consumed are approximately linearly related, that is, Where: is the power generated by the fuel cell at time t; is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell at time t; η FC2E is the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell; Δt is the unit time; Step 5: Realize coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in the incremental distribution network.

2. The method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in a hydrogen-containing energy storage incremental distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, building a hydrogen storage equipment operation model specifically includes: Step 1.1, Hsto_E2H runs the model; Hsto_E2H hydrogen storage capacity at time t for: In the formula, Hsto_E2H is the hydrogen storage capacity at time t-1; is the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_E2H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; The amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_E2H at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_E2H is greater than the upper limit coefficient of the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_E2H, no more hydrogen will be input to Hsto_E2H; otherwise, hydrogen will be input to Hsto_E2H normally. Where η trans is the effective hydrogen delivery rate; is the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer at time t; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity Hsto_E2H at time t; β Hsto_E2H,u Hsto_E2H is the upper limit coefficient of hydrogen storage capacity; The amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_E2H is less than the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage in Hsto_E2H, hydrogen will no longer be output from Hsto_E2H; otherwise, hydrogen will be output from Hsto_E2H normally. Where, ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity Hsto_E2H at time t; β Hsto_E2H,d Hsto_E2H is the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage capacity; Step 1.2, Hsto_FC runs the model; Hsto_FC hydrogen storage capacity at time t for: In the formula, Hsto_FC is the hydrogen storage capacity at time t-1; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output to the fuel cell by Hsto_FC at time t; The amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC is greater than the upper limit coefficient of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC, no more hydrogen will be input to Hsto_FC; otherwise, hydrogen will be input to Hsto_FC normally. Where, λ is the ratio coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC at time t; β Hsto_FC,u The upper limit coefficient of the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC; The amount of hydrogen Hsto_FC output to the fuel cell at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC is less than the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage in Hsto_FC, Hsto_FC will no longer output hydrogen to the fuel cell; otherwise, Hsto_FC will normally output hydrogen to the fuel cell, and the normal output amount of hydrogen is determined by the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell; Where η trans is the effective hydrogen delivery rate; is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell at time t; is the proportion of hydrogen storage capacity of Hsto_FC at time t; β Hsto_FC,d is the lower limit coefficient of Hsto_FC hydrogen storage capacity; Step 1.3, Hsto_H runs the model; Hsto_H hydrogen storage capacity at time t for: In the formula, Hsto_H is the hydrogen storage amount at time t-1; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output to the hydrogen load by Hsto_H at time t; The amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_H is greater than the upper limit coefficient of the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_H, no more hydrogen will be input to Hsto_H; otherwise, hydrogen will be input to Hsto_H normally. Where, λ is the ratio coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; Hsto_H is the proportion of hydrogen storage at time t; β Hsto_H,u Hsto_H is the upper limit coefficient of hydrogen storage capacity; Hsto_H is the amount of hydrogen output to the hydrogen load at time t With the current If the proportion of hydrogen storage in Hsto_H is less than the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage in Hsto_H, Hsto_H will no longer output hydrogen to the hydrogen load; otherwise, Hsto_H will normally output hydrogen to the hydrogen load, and the normal output hydrogen volume is related to the hydrogen load demand; In the formula, is the hydrogen load demand at time t; M H,0 Hsto_H is the maximum output per unit time; Hsto_H is the proportion of hydrogen storage at time t; β Hsto_H,d Hsto_H is the lower limit coefficient of hydrogen storage capacity; When the hydrogen load demand at time t cannot be met, part of the hydrogen load needs to be cut off. for: In the formula, is the hydrogen load demand at time t; M H,0 Hsto_H is the maximum output per unit time; Step 1.4, input and output coupling operation of three types of hydrogen storage devices; When the three types of hydrogen storage equipment are within the upper and lower limit coefficients of their respective hydrogen storage ratios, the amount of hydrogen output by Hsto_E2H is equal to the sum of the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H, that is, In the formula, is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; is the amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; However, if one or more hydrogen storage devices are not within the range of the upper and lower limits of their hydrogen storage capacity, formula (12) does not hold. when When , the amount of hydrogen that Hsto_E2H can output is greater than the sum of the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H. The amount of hydrogen output by Hsto_E2H is determined by the sum of the amount of hydrogen that can be input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H, that is, In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen output by Hsto_E2H at time t; At this time, it is necessary to reduce the operating power of the electrolyzer Correspondingly reduce the wind and solar power used for electrolyzer hydrogen production and increase the wind and solar power generation capacity to supply the electrical load This reduces the power generation of the fuel cell The amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_FC to the fuel cell is reduced accordingly; when When the amount of hydrogen that Hsto_E2H can output is less than the sum of the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H, the amount of hydrogen that Hsto_E2H can output is used to determine the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_FC and the amount of hydrogen input to Hsto_H. and The size of determines which hydrogen storage device Hsto_E2H will first satisfy; when When , Hsto_E2H first satisfies Hsto_FC, and the remaining hydrogen is output to Hsto_H; In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; λ is the proportional coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; when When , Hsto_E2H first satisfies Hsto_H, and the remaining hydrogen is output to Hsto_FC; In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t; λ is the proportional coefficient of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC; ΔM E2H The fixed output hydrogen volume of Hsto_E2H per unit time; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; In the formula, is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC at time t; is the amount of hydrogen output from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_FC and Hsto_H at time t; It is the actual amount of hydrogen input from Hsto_E2H to Hsto_H at time t.

3. The method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in a hydrogen-containing energy storage incremental distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, building a wind and solar operation model specifically includes: Assume that the wind and solar power generation power at time t is The power used for hydrogen production in electrolyzer, supplying electric load and feeding back to the grid are but When Hsto_E2H is not full, the electrolyzer produces hydrogen normally; When the wind and solar power generation power is less than or equal to the rated power of the electrolyzer, the wind and solar power generation power is all used for hydrogen production by the electrolyzer. Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are: In the formula, is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t; When the wind-solar power generation power is greater than the rated power of the electrolyzer, in addition to meeting the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer, the difference between the wind-solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer is supplied to the electrical load. If the difference between the wind-solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer is less than or equal to the power demanded by the electrical load, the wind-solar power generation power used for hydrogen production by the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are: Where P E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t; If the difference between the wind and solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer is greater than the power required by the load, the difference between the wind and solar power generation power and the rated power of the electrolyzer and the power required by the load will be fed back to the grid. At this time, the wind and solar power generation power used for hydrogen production by the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are: In the formula, P is the power demanded by the electric load at time t; E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t; When Hsto_E2H is full, the electrolyzer stops producing hydrogen; All wind and solar power generation is supplied to the electric load. If the wind and solar power generation is less than or equal to the power required by the electric load, the wind and solar power generation used for hydrogen production in the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are: In the formula, is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t; If the wind and solar power generation power is greater than the power required by the load, the difference between the wind and solar power generation power and the power required by the load will be fed back to the grid. At this time, the wind and solar power generation power used for hydrogen production in the electrolyzer is Wind and solar power generation power supplied to electrical loads And the wind and solar power generation power fed back to the grid They are: In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t.

4. The method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in a hydrogen-containing energy storage incremental distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, constructing the electrolyzer operation model specifically includes: Hydrogen production of the electrolyzer at rated power M E2H,0 for: M E2H,0 =a E2H P E2H,0 Δt (25) Where P E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; α E2H is the hydrogen production rate per unit electricity of the electrolyzer; Δt is the unit time; When Hsto_E2H is not full, the electrolyzer operating power for: Where P E2H,0 is the rated power of the electrolyzer; is the wind turbine power generation at time t; is the photovoltaic power generation power at time t; When Hsto_E2H is full, the electrolyzer operates at for:

5. The method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in a hydrogen-containing energy storage incremental distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, building a fuel cell operation model specifically includes: Fuel cell rated power generation P FC2E,0 for: Where M FC2E,0 is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell under rated conditions per unit time; η FC2E is the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell; Δt is the unit time; When Hsto_FC has hydrogen, if the fuel cell can meet the power demand of the electric load in real time within the rated power range, the power generated by the fuel cell for: In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; The wind and solar power generation power that supplies the electric load is also the electric load demand power supplied by the wind and solar power generation; If the fuel cell cannot meet the power demand of the electrical load at the rated power, the fuel cell power generation for: Where: P FC2E,0 is the rated power generation of the fuel cell; At this time, it is necessary to purchase electricity from the public grid to meet the power demand of the power load, so the power purchase for: In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; P is the wind and solar power generation power supplied to the electric load, which is also the power required by the electric load supplied by wind and solar power generation; FC2E,0 is the rated power generation of the fuel cell; When Hsto_FC has no hydrogen, the fuel cell does not generate electricity, then the power generated by the fuel cell is for: At this time, it is necessary to purchase electricity from the public grid to meet the power load demand, so the power purchase for: In the formula, is the power demand of the electric load at time t; The wind and solar power generation power that supplies the electric load is also the electric load demand power supplied by the wind and solar power generation.

6. The method for coordinated operation of electricity and hydrogen in a hydrogen-containing energy storage incremental distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the electricity-hydrogen coordinated operation of the incremental distribution network is realized: Step 5.1, obtaining the operating parameters of the incremental distribution network at time t; Step 5.2, determine whether wind and solar power can generate electricity. If If it can generate electricity, go to step 5.3, otherwise go to step 5.7; Step 5.3, determine whether the electrolytic cell is working. If If it works, go to step 5.4, otherwise go to step 5.7; Step 5.4, calculate the wind and solar power generation power and the hydrogen production of the electrolyzer. but otherwise Step 5.5, calculate the wind and solar power supply to the electrical load. If but otherwise Step 5.6, determine whether the fuel cell is working. If Cannot work, calculate the power purchase, Go to step 5.8; Otherwise go to step 5.7; Step 5.7, calculate the fuel cell power generation and hydrogen consumption, if but Otherwise, calculate the purchased power, Step 5.8, determine whether the hydrogen load storage device is working properly. If it cannot work, calculate the amount of hydrogen load removed. Go to step 5.10, otherwise go to step 5.9; Step 5.9, determine whether the hydrogen load storage equipment meets the hydrogen load demand. If can be satisfied, otherwise calculate the amount of hydrogen load removed, Step 5.10, update the hydrogen storage capacity ratio of each hydrogen energy storage device and the operating parameters of the incremental distribution network at time t+1, and go to step 5.1.

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