A transmission shaft spline stiffness test device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of stiffness testing, and specifically relates to a transmission shaft spline stiffness testing device and method. The device comprises: a torque loading unit, a torsion seat, a spline end fixing unit, a spline end angle measuring unit, a gear end angle measuring unit, a gear end fixing unit, a fixing seat, and a control system; the testing device can simulate the actual working state of the transmission shaft and measure the torsion angle difference of the transmission shaft, which is a reliable guarantee for the transmission shaft spline stiffness test. The transmission shaft spline stiffness testing device of the present invention is simple to operate, easy to maintain, and highly reliable. It has the advantages of uniform loading, high stability, high rigidity, no impact phenomenon, accurate data acquisition control, high loading load precision, peak retention, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of stiffness testing, and in particular relates to a transmission shaft spline stiffness testing device. Background Art

[0002] At present, many aviation products need to undergo a series of tests before delivery or after repair to ensure the use requirements of the products. In order to determine the performance of the transmission shaft of the reducer of the aviation transmission system, the transmission shaft needs to be subjected to a spline stiffness test. The gear end of the transmission shaft is fixed, the spline end is loaded with torque, and the torsion angle difference at both ends is measured to finally obtain the stiffness value. No relevant transmission shaft spline stiffness test research has been found in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transmission shaft spline stiffness test device to achieve the technical requirements in the transmission shaft spline stiffness test, stably load the transmission shaft, measure the torsion angle change at both ends of the transmission shaft when torsion occurs, and calculate the stiffness value of the transmission shaft.

[0004] Technical solution of the present invention: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a transmission shaft spline stiffness test device is proposed, the test piece to be tested is a transmission shaft 10, one end of the transmission shaft 10 is a gear end, and the other end is a spline end; the device comprises:

[0005] Torque loading unit, torque adding seat 5, spline end fixing unit, spline end angle measuring unit, gear end angle measuring unit, gear end fixing unit, fixing seat 17, control system;

[0006] The torsion seat 5 and the fixing seat 17 are relatively fixed on the cast iron platform, and are used to support the two ends of the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece to be tested; the spline end fixing unit is installed on the torsion seat 5, and is relatively rotatably connected with the torsion seat 5, and the spline end fixing unit is used to fix the spline end on the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece to be tested; the torque loading unit applies a torque load to the spline end of the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece to be tested through the spline end fixing unit; the gear end fixing unit is installed on the fixing seat 17, and is used to fix the gear end of the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece to be tested;

[0007] The spline end angle measuring unit is fixed at a test position close to the spline on the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece to be tested, and is used to measure the angle change of the spline end of the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece to be tested under the application of torque load; the gear end angle measuring unit includes a gear end measuring subunit and a relative measuring subunit; the gear end measuring subunit is fixed at a test position on the gear end face of the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece to be tested, and the relative measuring subunit is fixed on the gear end fixing unit, and is used to measure the relative angle change of the gear end of the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece to be tested under the application of torque load;

[0008] The control system is communicatively connected with the torque loading unit, the spline end angle measuring unit, and the gear end angle measuring unit, and is used for receiving the angle measurement results of the spline end angle measuring unit and the gear end angle measuring unit in real time and performing data processing, while closed-loop controlling the torque loaded by the torque loading unit.

[0009] In a possible embodiment, the torsion seat 5 includes a bearing 25, a spindle disk 28, and a support 29; the two supports 29 are relatively arranged and fixed on the cast iron platform, and coaxial spindle holes are provided on the two supports 29; the spindle disk 28 includes a first spindle disk 281 and a second spindle disk 282; a long key groove is provided on the outer circumference of one end of the first spindle disk 281, which is matched with the spline end fixing unit, and the other end thereof has a flange end; one end of the second spindle disk 282 has a flange end; the first spindle disk 281 is rotatably connected to the spindle hole on one of the supports 29 through the bearing 25; the second spindle disk 282 is rotatably connected to the spindle hole on the other support 29 through the bearing 25; the first spindle disk 281 has one end with a flange, and is relatively arranged with one end of the second spindle disk 282 with a flange.

[0010] In a possible embodiment, the spline end fixing unit includes a flange 6 and an adapter sleeve 7; a through hole with internal teeth matching the outer diameter and spline of the spline end of the transmission shaft 10 is opened in the center of the adapter sleeve 7;

[0011] One end of the flange plate 6 is connected to the adapter sleeve 7 through a flange, and a flange hole is set in the center of the other end. The diameter of the flange hole matches the outer diameter of one end of the keyway of the first spindle plate 281. A keyway is opened on the inner circumference of the flange hole, which matches the keyway on the first spindle plate 281 and is connected by a semicircular key.

[0012] In a possible embodiment, the torque loading unit includes a cylinder 1, a sensor 2, a transfer rod 3, and a force arm 4; the output end of the cylinder 1 is connected to the force arm 4 through the transfer rod 3, and the force arm 4 has two symmetrical support arms, which are respectively connected to the flange ends of the first spindle disk 281 and the second spindle disk 282; the sensor 2 is arranged at the output end of the cylinder 1; the cylinder 1 applies a torque load to the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece through the sensor 2, the transfer rod 3 and the force arm 4, and the sensor 2 measures the test load value and feeds it back to the control system, and performs closed-loop control through the control system.

[0013] In a possible embodiment, the gear end fixing unit includes a spline sleeve 15 and a gear sleeve 16; a through hole with internal teeth matching the gear end of the test piece transmission shaft 10 is opened in the center of the spline sleeve 15, and the gear end of the test piece transmission shaft 10 is sleeved in the spline sleeve 15 through the gear sleeve 16.

[0014] In a possible embodiment, the spline end angle measurement unit includes an A angle sensor 8 and an A angle measuring frame 9; the lower end face of the A angle measuring frame 9 is configured to be semicircular, and the semicircular arc surface fits the axial surface of the transmission shaft 10 of the test piece to be tested and is fixed by bonding; the A angle sensor is fixed to the upper end face of the A angle measuring frame 9.

[0015] In a possible embodiment, the tooth end measurement subunit includes a B angle sensor 11 and a B angle measuring frame 12; the B angle measuring frame 12 is designed as a T-shaped structure, wherein the lateral end surface of the T-shaped structure is recorded as a B pasting surface 21, and the B pasting surface is pasted to the gear end surface measurement location of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested; the B angle sensor is fixed on the B angle measuring frame 12.

[0016] In a possible embodiment, the relative measurement subunit includes a C angle sensor 13 and a C angle measuring frame 14; the C angle measuring frame 14 is configured as a rectangular thin plate structure, and a side portion thereof is a C adhesive surface 23, and the C adhesive surface is bonded and fixed to the side surface of the gear sleeve 16; the C angle sensor 13 is fixed on the horizontal plane of the C angle measuring frame 14.

[0017] The above-mentioned transmission shaft spline stiffness test device, the test method comprises the following steps:

[0018] The two spindle disks 28 of the torsion seat 5 and the center plate of the force arm 4 are fixed by bolts, the flange 6 is connected to the keyway end of the right spindle disk of the torsion seat 5 by a semicircular key, the spline end of the transmission shaft is connected to the loading end flange 6 by the adapter plate 7, the gear end of the transmission shaft is connected to the fixed seat 17 by the gear sleeve 16 and the spline sleeve 15 and fixed to the cast iron platform, the A angle measuring frame 9 is pasted at the measurement position of the torsion end of the transmission shaft, the A angle sensor 8 is placed on the A angle measuring frame, the B angle measuring frame 12 is pasted on the gear end face, the B angle sensor 11 is placed on the B angle measuring frame 12, the C angle measuring frame 14 is pasted on the end face of the gear sleeve, and the C angle sensor 13 is placed on the C angle measuring frame 14; the oil cylinder 1 is connected to the sensor 2, the adapter rod 3, and the force arm 4 to apply a torque load to the transmission shaft 10, the sensor 2 measures the test load value, and feeds it back to the control system, and the closed-loop control is performed through the control system. Through the angle sensor, the angle value under the corresponding load is read. The data is sorted and the stiffness value of the transmission shaft is calculated.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The transmission shaft spline stiffness test device of the present invention is simple to operate, easy to maintain, and highly reliable, and has the advantages of uniform loading, high stability, high rigidity, no impact, accurate data acquisition control, high loading precision, peak value retention, etc. The test device can simulate the actual working state of the transmission shaft and measure the torsion angle difference of the transmission shaft, which is a reliable guarantee for the transmission shaft spline stiffness test.

[0021] The test method meets the test principle and data processing method of the transmission shaft spline stiffness. The transmission shaft is measured using the transmission shaft spline stiffness test device. The test results show that the test principle and test device meet the test technical requirements, and the test data are true and reliable.

[0022] The angle sensor measures the torsion angle at both ends of the transmission shaft. It has a large angle measurement range, high angle measurement accuracy, high resolution, strong reliability, vibration and impact resistance, and fast response speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a front view of a transmission shaft spline stiffness test device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Among them: 1. Cylinder 2. Sensor 3. Adapter rod 4. Lever 5. Torsion seat 6. Flange 7. Adapter sleeve 8. A angle sensor 9. A angle measuring frame 10. Transmission shaft 11. B angle sensor 12. B angle measuring frame 13. C angle sensor 14. C angle measuring frame 15. Spline sleeve 16. Gear sleeve 17. Fixed seat

[0025] Figure 2 It is a top view AA of a transmission shaft spline stiffness test device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a right view of a transmission shaft spline stiffness test device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A is a diagram of a goniometer frame according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Wherein: 18. Adsorption A angle sensor 19. A adhesive surface;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a diagram of a B goniometer frame according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Wherein: 20. Adsorption B angle sensor 21. B pasting surface;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a C angle measuring frame diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Wherein: 22. Adsorption C angle sensor 23. C adhesive surface;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a front view of the adapter sleeve of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a right side view of the adapter sleeve of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a front view of a spline sleeve of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a right side view of a spline sleeve of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 A diagram of a fixing seat in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 It is a front view of the lever arm of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.13 A top view of a lever arm according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.14 A front view of a connecting rod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.15 It is a right side view of the connecting rod of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.16 It is a front view of a twisted seat according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.17 This is an AA view of a twisted seat according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.18 This is a front view of a flange according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention rather than limiting the patent claims of the present invention.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 17 As shown, a transmission shaft spline stiffness test device consists of an oil cylinder 1, a sensor 2, an adapter rod 3, a force arm 4, a torsion seat 5, a flange 6, an adapter sleeve 7, an A angle sensor 8, an A angle measuring frame 9, a transmission shaft 10, a B angle sensor 11, a B angle measuring frame 12, a C angle sensor 13, a C angle measuring frame 14, a spline sleeve 15, a gear sleeve 16, a fixing seat 17, etc.

[0047] The gear end of the transmission shaft is connected to the fixed seat 17 through the gear sleeve 16 and the spline sleeve 15 and fixed to the cast iron platform. The other spline end of the transmission shaft is connected to the loading end through the adapter sleeve 7 and the flange 6. The oil cylinder 1 applies a torque load to the transmission shaft 10 through the sensor 2, the adapter rod 3 and the arm 4. The sensor 2 measures the test load value and feeds it back to the control system, which performs closed-loop control. Angle sensors are set on the torsion end of the transmission shaft, the gear end face and the angle measuring frame of the gear sleeve 16 to read the angle value under the corresponding load.

[0048] A angle measuring bracket 9 (such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the lower end A pasting surface 19 is set to be semicircular, and the semicircular arc surface fits the axial surface of the transmission shaft test position and is glued with glue; the upper end adsorption A angle sensor 18 is set with a horizontal surface, and the horizontal surface is used to adsorb the A angle sensor 8.

[0049] B angle measuring bracket 12 (such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it is designed as a T-shaped structure, the vertical side is B pasting surface 21, and the B pasting surface is pasted to the measurement position of the transmission shaft tooth end surface; the horizontal adsorption B angle sensor 20 is designed as a horizontal plane, and the horizontal plane is used to adsorb the B angle sensor 11.

[0050] C angle measuring bracket 14 (such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it is arranged as a rectangular thin plate structure, and a lateral place is a C pasting surface 23, and the C pasting surface is pasted to the side surface of the gear sleeve 16 with glue; the horizontal surface of the C angle measuring frame is the adsorption C angle sensor 22, and the adsorption C angle sensor is used to adsorb the C angle sensor 13.

[0051] Adapter sleeve 7 (such as Figure 6 , 7 The structure is set as 8 M24 evenly spaced threaded holes, with internal teeth in the middle that match the transmission shaft spline. This structure has uniform force, accurate positioning and easy installation.

[0052] Spline sleeve 15 (such as Fig. 9 , 10 The design is 8 evenly distributed through holes, with internal teeth in the middle that match the transmission shaft gear. This structure has uniform force, accurate positioning and easy installation.

[0053] The fixing seat 17 is a welded semi-frame structure (such as Figure 1 As shown), this structure is stable. In order to ensure the installation requirements, the side column is also equipped with lifting holes. The horizontal working surface (such as Figure 2 The vertical working surface is provided with 8 evenly distributed through holes (such as Fig.11 shown).

[0054] Lever 4 (such as Fig.12 , Fig.13 The center plate is sandwiched between two outer plates (as shown in the figure). One end of the center plate is a semicircular structure with 8 evenly distributed through holes, and the other end is provided with a through hole. The two outer plates are rectangular, with a through hole at one end, which matches the center plate and is fixedly connected by bolts. The other ends of the two outer plates are provided with a through hole, and the axes of the two through holes are concentric.

[0055] Connecting rod 3 (such as Fig.14 , Fig.15 As shown in the figure, an external stud is arranged at the upper end, and the external stud matches the lower external thread of the sensor 2; the middle part is arranged with a hexagonal head; the lower part is a cylindrical flattened, and a central through hole is arranged on the parallel surface. The diameter of the through hole is the same as the two through holes arranged at one end of the two outer plates of the force arm 4, and the center lines of the three through holes are on the same axis and are fixed by bolts.

[0056] Add twist seat 5 (such as Fig.16 , Fig.17 As shown in the figure, it is composed of an end cover 24, a bearing 25, a bearing cover 26, a retaining ring 27, a spindle disk 28, and a support 29. The two bearings 25 are respectively installed on the left and right vertical bodies of the support 29 and fixed by the left and right bearing covers 26. The spindle disks 28 are respectively arranged in the centers of the two bearings. Each spindle disk is provided with 8 evenly distributed through holes at the disc end. The diameter of the through holes and the evenly distributed circular diameter match the 8 evenly distributed through holes provided on the center plate of the force arm, and are connected together by fixing bolts; the cylindrical end of the right spindle disk 28 is provided with a keyway.

[0057] Flange 6 (such as Fig.18 The flange end of the adapter sleeve 7 is provided with 8 through holes matching with the adapter sleeve 7, and the through holes are fixed to the 8 threads provided on the adapter sleeve 7 by bolts; a keyway is provided at the other end, and the keyway matches with the keyway provided at the cylindrical end of the right spindle disk 28 on the torque adding seat 5, and is driven by a semicircular key; a through hole is provided at the center of the flange 6, and the diameter of the through hole matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical end of the right spindle disk 28.

[0058] When the present invention is used, Figures 1 to 18As shown, the two spindle disks 28 of the torsion seat 5 and the center plate of the force arm 4 are fixed by bolts, the flange 6 is connected to the keyway end of the right spindle disk of the torsion seat 5 by a semicircular key, the spline end of the transmission shaft is connected to the loading end flange 6 through the adapter plate 7, the gear end of the transmission shaft is connected to the fixed seat 17 through the gear sleeve 16 and the spline sleeve 15 and fixed to the cast iron platform, the A angle measuring frame 9 is pasted at the measurement position of the torsion end of the transmission shaft, the A angle sensor 8 is placed on the A angle measuring frame, the B angle measuring frame 12 is pasted on the gear end face, the B angle sensor 11 is placed on the B angle measuring frame 12, the C angle measuring frame 14 is pasted on the end face of the gear sleeve, and the C angle sensor 13 is placed on the C angle measuring frame 14; the oil cylinder 1 is connected to the sensor 2, the adapter rod 3, and the force arm 4 to apply a torque load to the transmission shaft 10, the sensor 2 measures the test load value, and feeds it back to the control system, and the closed-loop control is performed through the control system. Through the angle sensor, the angle value under the corresponding load is read. The data is sorted and the stiffness value of the transmission shaft is calculated.

[0059] The specific steps include:

[0060] Through the A angle sensor, B angle sensor, and C angle sensor, read the angle value θ under the corresponding load A ,θ B ,θ C ;

[0061] The angular deformation of the transmission shaft under torque load is:

[0062] θ=θ A -(θ B -θ C )

[0063] The torsional stiffness of the drive shaft is calculated using the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] Where, K is the torsional stiffness value, unit is (Nm) / rad;

[0066] M is the torque value, in Nm;

[0067] θ is the torsional radian value of the transmission shaft under the test torque, in rad.

Claims

1. A transmission shaft spline stiffness test device, characterized in that: The test piece to be tested is a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is a gear end, and the other end is a spline end; the device comprises: a torque loading unit, a torsion seat, a spline end fixing unit, a spline end angle measuring unit, a gear end angle measuring unit, a gear end fixing unit, a fixing seat, and a control system; the torsion seat and the fixing seat are relatively fixed on the cast iron platform, and are used to support the two ends of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested; the spline end fixing unit is installed on the torsion seat and is relatively rotatably connected with the torsion seat, and the spline end fixing unit is used to fix the spline end on the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested; the torque loading unit applies a torque load to the spline end of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested through the spline end fixing unit; the gear end fixing unit is installed on the fixing seat, and is used to fix the gear end of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested; the spline end angle measuring unit The measuring unit is fixed at a test position close to the spline on the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested, and is used to measure the angle change of the spline end of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested under the application of torque load; the gear end angle measuring unit includes a gear end measuring subunit and a relative measuring subunit; the gear end measuring subunit is fixed at a test position on the gear end face of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested, and the relative measuring subunit is fixed on the gear end fixing unit, and is used to measure the relative angle change of the gear end of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested under the application of torque load; the control system is communicatively connected with the torque loading unit, the spline end angle measuring unit, and the gear end angle measuring unit, and is used to receive the angle measurement results of the spline end angle measuring unit and the gear end angle measuring unit in real time and perform data processing, and at the same time close-loop control the torque loaded by the torque loading unit; The torque loading unit includes a cylinder, a sensor, a transfer rod, and a force arm; the output end of the cylinder is connected to the force arm through the transfer rod, and the force arm has two symmetrical support arms, which are respectively connected to the flange ends of the first spindle disk and the second spindle disk; the sensor is arranged at the output end of the cylinder; the cylinder applies a torque load to the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested through the sensor, the transfer rod and the force arm, the sensor measures the test load value, feeds it back to the control system, and performs closed-loop control through the control system; the torque-adding seat includes a bearing, a spindle disk, and a support; the two supports are relatively arranged and fixed on the cast iron platform, and coaxial spindle holes are opened on the two supports; the spindle disk includes a first spindle disk and a second spindle disk; A long keyway is provided on the outer circumference of one end of the first spindle disk, which is matched and connected with the spline end fixing unit, and the other end thereof has a flange end; one end of the second spindle disk has a flange end; the first spindle disk is rotatably connected to the spindle hole on one of the supports through the bearing; the second spindle disk is rotatably connected to the spindle hole on the other support through the bearing; one end of the first spindle disk has a flange, and is arranged opposite to the end of the second spindle disk has a flange.

2. A transmission shaft spline stiffness test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spline end fixing unit includes a flange plate and an adapter sleeve; a through hole with internal teeth matching the outer diameter and spline of the spline end of the transmission shaft is opened in the center of the adapter sleeve; one end of the flange plate is connected to the adapter sleeve through a flange, and a flange hole is arranged in the center of the other end, and the diameter of the flange hole matches the outer diameter of one end of the keyway of the first spindle disk; a keyway is opened in the inner circumference of the flange hole, which matches the keyway on the first spindle disk and is connected by a semicircular key.

3. A transmission shaft spline stiffness test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear end fixing unit includes a spline sleeve and a gear sleeve; a through hole with internal teeth matching the gear end of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested is opened in the center of the spline sleeve, and the gear end of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested is sleeved in the spline sleeve through the gear sleeve.

4. A transmission shaft spline stiffness test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spline end angle measurement unit includes an A angle sensor and an A angle measuring frame; the lower end surface of the A angle measuring frame is set to be semicircular, and the semicircular arc surface fits the axial surface of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested and is fixed by bonding; the A angle sensor is fixed to the upper end surface of the A angle measuring frame.

5. A transmission shaft spline stiffness test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear end measurement subunit includes a B angle sensor and a B angle measuring frame; the B angle measuring frame is designed as a T-shaped structure, wherein the lateral end surface of the T-shaped structure is recorded as the B pasting surface, and the B pasting surface is pasted to the gear end measurement position of the transmission shaft of the test piece to be tested; the B angle sensor is fixed on the B angle measuring frame.

6. A transmission shaft spline stiffness test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The relative measurement subunit includes a C angle sensor and a C angle measuring frame; the C angle measuring frame is configured as a rectangular thin plate structure, with a C adhesive surface at one side, and the C adhesive surface is bonded and fixed to the side surface of the gear sleeve; the C angle sensor is fixed on the horizontal plane of the C angle measuring frame.

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