An integrated antenna and communication device

Abstract

This invention provides an integrated antenna and communication device, relating to the field of antennas. The integrated antenna includes a first dielectric layer, a first radiating patch, a second dielectric layer, a second radiating patch, a third dielectric layer, a third radiating patch, and a fourth radiating patch. The first radiating patch is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer and forms a first radiating element. The second dielectric layer is stepped. The second radiating patch includes a circular patch and an outer ring patch. The circular patch is disposed between the first and second dielectric layers and inside the outer ring patch, which is disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer. The outer ring patch is coupled or connected to the circular patch, and the circular patch forms the second and third radiating elements. The third radiating patch is disposed between the second and third dielectric layers and forms the fourth radiating element. The fourth radiating patch is disposed on the lower surface of the third dielectric layer. This invention facilitates the miniaturization of multifunctional antennas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antennas, and more particularly to an integrated antenna and communication device. Background Technology

[0002] GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) provides time / space references and all real-time dynamic information related to location. A GNSS antenna is an antenna that receives satellite signals, and the positioning accuracy of GNSS primarily depends on the accuracy of the antenna. Currently, communication or positioning devices often require multi-functional communication capabilities, meaning that a single device must possess multiple communication functions, such as GPS positioning communication, Bluetooth communication, and 4G / 5G communication. Therefore, multi-functional integrated antennas have emerged.

[0003] Through long-term scientific research and practice, the inventors have discovered that the demand for miniaturized equipment is increasing, and the miniaturization of equipment inevitably requires the miniaturization of antennas (such as antenna profile height, weight, size, etc.). How to achieve miniaturization of multifunctional combined antennas is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention discloses an integrated antenna and communication device, which is beneficial for miniaturizing multifunctional antennas.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses an integrated antenna comprising:

[0006] First dielectric layer;

[0007] A first radiating patch is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer to form a first radiating unit;

[0008] The second dielectric layer is stepped, with the smaller surface being the upper surface of the second dielectric layer, and is stacked on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer;

[0009] The second radiating patch includes a circular patch and an outer ring patch. The circular patch is disposed between the lower surface of the first dielectric layer and the upper surface of the second dielectric layer, and is located inside the outer ring patch. The outer ring patch is disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer. The outer ring patch is coupled or connected to the circular patch. The circular patch is used to form a second radiating unit and a third radiating unit.

[0010] A third dielectric layer, wherein the upper surface of the third dielectric layer is stacked on the lower surface of the second dielectric layer;

[0011] The third radiating patch is disposed between the lower surface of the second dielectric layer and the upper surface of the third dielectric layer, and the third radiating patch is used to form the fourth radiating unit.

[0012] A fourth radiating patch is disposed on the lower surface of the third dielectric layer and is used as a reference ground.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the outer ring patch has multiple centrally symmetrical rectangular branches on its outer circumference.

[0014] As an alternative implementation, there is a gap between the circumference of the circular patch and the inner circumference of the outer ring patch, the gap being between one-sixtieth and one-quarter of a wavelength.

[0015] As an optional implementation, arc-shaped grooves are correspondingly formed on the circumference of the circular patch and the inner circumference of the outer ring patch.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the second dielectric layer includes a first layer and a second layer, the first layer and the second layer are integrally formed in a stepped shape, the size of the first layer is smaller than the size of the second layer, the upper surface of the first layer is provided with the second radiating patch, and the lower surface of the second layer is provided with the third radiating patch.

[0017] As an optional implementation, the second layer is provided with a plurality of dielectric slots, which are used to avoid the antenna feed point.

[0018] As an optional implementation, the third radiating patch has multiple centrally symmetrical slits, which are used to extend the current path.

[0019] As an optional implementation, the third dielectric layer ring is provided with a short-circuit via array, which is located on the outside of the third radiating patch. The short-circuit via array is a metallized via and is electrically connected to the fourth radiating patch.

[0020] As an optional implementation, the integrated antenna further includes a network antenna and a Bluetooth / Wi-Fi antenna. The network antenna includes a main network antenna and a secondary network antenna. The main network antenna, the secondary network antenna, and the Bluetooth and Wi-Fi antennas are symmetrically disposed on the third dielectric layer and located outside the short-circuit hole array. The fourth radiating patch is used as a reference ground for the network antenna and the Wi-Fi antenna.

[0021] As an optional implementation, the distance between the network antenna and the GNSS antenna is greater than or equal to one-twelfth of a wavelength.

[0022] As an optional implementation, the network antenna further includes a multi-stub PIFA antenna and a parasitic stub, wherein the multi-stub PIFA antenna extends from the side of the third dielectric layer to the upper surface of the third dielectric layer, and the parasitic stub is disposed on the side of the third dielectric layer.

[0023] As an optional implementation, the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer, and the third dielectric layer are all provided with non-metallized vias, which are used to fix the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer, and the third dielectric layer.

[0024] As an optional implementation, the integrated antenna also includes a radio Rola antenna, wherein both the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer have fixing through holes for fixing the radio Rola antenna.

[0025] As an optional implementation, the radio station Rola antenna is a whip monopole antenna with a bottom feed point or a whip monopole antenna with a middle feed point.

[0026] As an optional implementation, the integrated antenna further includes a reflector, which is stacked with the fourth radiating patch.

[0027] As an optional implementation, the integrated antenna further includes a shielding cover disposed on the outside of the reflector.

[0028] Secondly, this is a communication device that includes the integrated antenna of any of the above.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] This invention provides an integrated antenna and a communication device having the integrated antenna. The integrated antenna is constructed by stacking a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a third dielectric layer. A first radiating patch is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer to form a first radiating element. A second radiating patch is disposed between the first and second dielectric layers. The second radiating patch includes an inner circular patch and an outer ring patch. The portion of the circular patch opposite to the first radiating patch forms the second radiating element, and the portion of the circular patch larger than the first radiating patch and the outer ring patch form a third radiating element. The third radiating patch forms a fourth radiating element. In this invention, the second dielectric layer is stepped, which allows for lightweighting and miniaturization of the second dielectric layer, thus improving antenna isolation. Furthermore, the nested circular patch and outer ring patch structure of the second radiating patch facilitates frequency tuning, enhancing the tuning performance of the miniaturized antenna. The integrated antenna provided by this invention enables the miniaturization of a multi-functional antenna, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of communication devices incorporating this integrated antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated antenna structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated antenna from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated antenna after concealing the first radiating patch and the first dielectric layer;

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated antenna after further concealing the second radiating patch and the second dielectric layer;

[0036] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth patch of the integrated antenna;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a software simulation of a passive radiation pattern at 1.227 GHz for an integrated antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a software simulation of a 1.575GHz passive antenna pattern provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 The integrated antenna software simulation of the 1.615GHz passive radiation pattern provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a 2.491GHz passive radiation pattern simulated by the integrated antenna software provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is the axial ratio curve of the integrated antenna at 1.227 GHz provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 This is the axial ratio curve of the integrated antenna at 1.575 GHz provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Icons: 100, Integrated antenna; 101, First radiating patch; 102, First dielectric layer; 103, Second radiating patch; 1031, Circular patch; 1032, Outer ring patch; 1033, Rectangular stub; 1034, Gap; 1035, Arc-shaped groove; 104, Second dielectric layer; 1041, First layer; 1042, Second layer; 1043, Dielectric groove; 105, Third radiating patch; 1051, Gap; 106, Third dielectric layer; 1061, Short-circuit hole array; 107, Fourth radiating patch; 108, Reflector; 109, Shielding cover; 110, Radio Rola antenna; 111, Main network antenna; 112, Secondary network antenna; 113, Bluetooth Wi-Fi antenna; 114, Non-metallic via. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0046] Furthermore, some of the aforementioned terms, besides indicating direction or positional relationships, may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may, in certain circumstances, indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0050] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides an integrated antenna 100, which is characterized by miniaturization and multifunctionality; that is, this invention provides a miniaturized and multifunctional integrated antenna 100.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the integrated antenna 100 includes a first dielectric layer 102, a first radiating patch 101, a second dielectric layer 104, a second radiating patch 103, a third dielectric layer 106, a third radiating patch 105, and a fourth radiating patch 107 (see [link to previous invention]). Figure 5 The first radiating patch 101 is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer 102 to form a first radiating unit. The second dielectric layer 104 is stepped, with the smaller surface being the upper surface of the second dielectric layer 104, which is stacked on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer 102. The second radiating patch 103 includes a circular patch 1031 and an outer ring patch 1032. The circular patch 1031 is disposed between the lower surface of the first dielectric layer 102 and the upper surface of the second dielectric layer 104, and is located inside the outer ring patch 1032. The outer ring patch 1032 is disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer 104, and is coupled or connected to the circular patch 1031. The circular patch 1031 is used to form the second and third radiating units. The upper surface of the third dielectric layer 106 is stacked on the lower surface of the second dielectric layer 104. A third radiating patch 105 is disposed between the lower surface of the second dielectric layer 104 and the upper surface of the third dielectric layer 106, and the third radiating patch 105 is used to form a fourth radiating element. A fourth radiating patch 107 is disposed on the lower surface of the third dielectric layer 106 and is used as a reference ground.

[0052] Optionally, the first radiating patch 101 is a circular radiating patch disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer 102, which can serve as the radiating element of the BeiDou short message transmitting antenna. Further, the first radiating patch 101 can be fed by a dual-point feed with equal amplitude and a 90° phase difference to achieve circular polarization radiation; of course, it is not limited to this, and the first radiating patch 101 can also adopt other feeding methods.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the first radiating element serves as the radiating element of the BeiDou short message transmitting antenna, the portion of the second radiating patch 103 opposite to the first radiating patch 101, i.e., the portion of the circular patch 1031 opposite to the first radiating patch 101, can serve as the medium coverage of the radiating patch of the BeiDou short message receiving antenna radiating element and the GNSS antenna L1 (GNSS antenna, Global Navigation Satellite System), thereby helping to reduce the size of the radiating element.

[0054] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment, the second radiating patch 103 includes a nested circular patch 1031 and an outer ring patch 1032. That is, the second radiating patch 103 adopts a nested inner and outer ring radiating patch to form a dual-frequency antenna. Optionally, the circular patch 1031 located in the inner ring can mainly concentrate the current distribution of the radiating element of the BeiDou short message receiving antenna, and the outer ring patch 1032 can mainly concentrate the current distribution of the radiating element of the GNSS antenna L1.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the outer circumference of the outer ring patch 1032 is provided with a plurality of centrally symmetrical rectangular branches 1033. It should be noted that designing rectangular branches 1033 can enhance dual-frequency resonance and tuning frequency, thereby achieving a better tuning effect. The rectangular branches 1033 can also be designed as trapezoidal branches, gradient branches, etc. Optionally, in this embodiment, the number of rectangular branches 1033 is designed to be four, and the four rectangular branches 1033 are centrally symmetrical, that is, adjacent rectangular branches 1033 are at a 90° central angle.

[0056] In this embodiment, a gap 1034 exists between the circumference of the circular patch 1031 and the inner circumference of the outer ring patch 1032. The gap 1034 ranges from one-sixtieth of a wavelength to one-quarter of a wavelength (the wavelength of electromagnetic waves or light). That is, in this embodiment, the distance between the gap 1034 of the inner and outer rings is at least one-sixtieth of a wavelength of low-frequency resonance to avoid the gap 1034 being too small to become a broadband single-frequency signal; the distance between the gap 1034 of the inner and outer rings does not exceed one-quarter of a wavelength to allow the inner and outer rings to resonate better and to help ensure a smaller antenna size.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the inner and outer nested circular patches 1031 and the outer ring patch 1032 are directly connected or coupled. Please refer to... Figure 3In this embodiment, the circular patch 1031 is connected to the outer ring patch 1032. It should be understood that the circular patch 1031 and the outer ring patch 1032 are connected with a gap 1034. The connection can be achieved by overlapping or by creating an intermittent annular groove on the circular radial patch. This annular groove forms the gap 1034 between the circular patch 1031 and the outer ring patch 1032, and the circular patch 1031 is connected to the outer ring patch 1032 at the points where the annular groove is interrupted. Of course, other connection methods are also possible.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, arc-shaped grooves 1035 are correspondingly formed on the circumference of the circular patch 1031 and the inner circumference of the outer ring patch 1032. That is, arc-shaped grooves are formed on both the circumference of the circular patch 1031 and the inner circumference of the outer ring patch 1032, and they are opposite each other, making laser engraving production more convenient. Simultaneously, the arc-shaped grooves 1035 can also adjust the current distribution, thereby meeting the needs of tuning frequency. Furthermore, the arc-shaped grooves 1035 formed on the inner circumference of the outer ring patch 1032 can also facilitate tuning and achieve current coupling. It should be understood that the circular patch 1031 and the outer ring patch 1032 have a positive correlation; that is, when the circular patch 1031 expands, the outer ring patch 1032 also expands accordingly. This embodiment of the invention does not impose specific requirements or limitations on the material and dimensions of the circular patch 1031 and the outer ring patch 1032.

[0059] Optionally, in this embodiment, the number of arc-shaped grooves 1035 is four, and these four arc-shaped grooves 1035 are centrally symmetrical, that is, the distance between adjacent arc-shaped grooves 1035 is 90° of the central angle. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of arc-shaped grooves 1035 can be other, and they are symmetrical about the center.

[0060] Please continue reading. Figure 3 In this embodiment of the invention, the second dielectric layer 104 may include a first layer portion 1041 and a second layer portion 1042. The first layer portion 1041 and the second layer portion 1042 are integrally formed in a stepped shape. The size of the first layer portion 1041 is smaller than the size of the second layer portion 1042. A second radiating patch 103 is provided on the upper surface of the first layer portion 1041, and a third radiating patch 105 is provided on the lower surface of the second layer portion 1042.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, a third radiating patch 105 is disposed between the lower surface of the second dielectric layer 104 and the upper surface of the third dielectric layer 106. The third radiating patch 105 on the lower surface of the second dielectric layer 104 can serve as a reference ground for the radiating element on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer 104 and as part of the radiating element of the GNSS antenna L2. The third radiating patch 105 on the upper surface of the third dielectric layer 106 can serve as the radiating element of the GNSS antenna L2. In this embodiment, the second dielectric layer 104 is stepped, which helps to reduce the weight of the second dielectric layer 104 and make the antenna lightweight. At the same time, the portion of the second layer 1042 that is larger than the first layer 1041 (i.e., the portion extending relative to the first layer 1041) can serve as the dielectric coverage portion of the radiating element of the GNSS antenna L2, thereby further reducing the size of the radiating element of the GNSS antenna L2 and facilitating further miniaturization of the antenna.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, the second layer 1042 is provided with a plurality of dielectric slots 1043, which are used to avoid the antenna feed point. It should be understood that by opening a plurality of dielectric slots 1043 at the edge of the second layer 1042, the antenna feed point can be avoided, thereby facilitating the production and assembly of the antenna. For example, in some embodiments, the dielectric slots 1043 can avoid the feed point of network antennas, Bluetooth antennas, and Wi-Fi antennas, thereby facilitating the production and assembly of the antenna.

[0063] Optionally, in this embodiment, the number of medium grooves 1043 is three, and they are generally arc-shaped; of course, it is not limited to this. In other embodiments of the present invention, the number and shape of medium grooves 1043 may also be other. The present invention does not make specific requirements or limitations on this.

[0064] Please see Figure 4 In this embodiment, the third radiating patch 105 has a plurality of centrally symmetrical slots 1051, which are used to extend the current path to further achieve antenna miniaturization.

[0065] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the slot 1051 on the third radiating patch 105 can be designed as an L-shape or other shapes. The L-shaped slot 1051 can extend the current path, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0066] Optionally, there are four L-shaped slits 1051, arranged symmetrically at the center. Of course, the number and arrangement of slits 1051 on the third radiating patch 105 can also be other, and the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific requirements or limitations in this regard.

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, the third dielectric layer 106 ring may be provided with a short-circuit hole array 1061. The short-circuit hole array 1061 is located on the outside of the third radiating patch 105. The short-circuit hole array 1061 is a metallized via and is electrically connected to the fourth radiating patch 107. The metallized via can further miniaturize the third radiating patch 105, thereby miniaturizing the antenna.

[0068] It should be noted that the short-circuit hole array 1061 can be divided into four regions or four groups. When there are four L-shaped slots 1051, these four regions or four groups are roughly divided by the L-shaped slots 1051, that is, the short-circuit hole array 1061 between two adjacent L-shaped slots 1051 is the same group. Optionally, the group of short-circuit holes is symmetrical about the center at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°.

[0069] Optionally, the short-circuit hole array 1061 is located at a position less than one-eighth of the operating wavelength at the outer edge of the third radiating patch 105.

[0070] Furthermore, the integrated antenna 100 may also include a network antenna and a Bluetooth / Wi-Fi antenna 113. The network antenna includes a main network antenna 111 and a secondary network antenna 112. The main network antenna 111, the secondary network antenna 112, and the Bluetooth / Wi-Fi antenna 113 are symmetrically arranged on the third dielectric layer 106 and located outside the short-circuit hole array 1061. The fourth radiating patch 107 is used as a reference ground for the network antenna and the Wi-Fi antenna.

[0071] Optionally, in this embodiment, a GNSS antenna, a network antenna, and a Bluetooth / Wi-Fi antenna 113 are centrally symmetrically arranged outside the short-hole array 1061. The short-hole array 1061 can miniaturize the third radiating patch 105, while improving the isolation between the GNSS antenna and the network antenna.

[0072] Optionally, in this embodiment, the distance between the network antenna and the GNSS antenna is greater than or equal to one-twelfth of a wavelength.

[0073] Furthermore, to ensure a relatively uniform current distribution between the network antenna and the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth antennas relative to the GNSS antenna, the network antenna and the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth antennas employ similar or identical structural designs to optimize the circular polarization characteristics of the GNSS antenna and ensure satellite search quality. In this embodiment, the network antenna (main network antenna 111 and secondary network antenna 112) maintains a distance of at least one-twelfth of a low-frequency wavelength from the GNSS antenna.

[0074] In this embodiment, the network antenna further includes a multi-stub PIFA antenna and a parasitic stub (PIFA antenna, Planar Inverted F-shaped Antenna). The multi-stub PIFA antenna extends from the side of the third dielectric layer 106 to the upper surface of the third dielectric layer 106, and the parasitic stub is disposed on the side of the third dielectric layer 106. Optionally, the network antenna can be a 4G or 5G antenna.

[0075] In this embodiment, the first dielectric layer 102, the second dielectric layer 104, and the third dielectric layer 106 are all provided with non-metallic vias 114, which are used to fix the first dielectric layer 102, the second dielectric layer 104, and the third dielectric layer 106. Specific fixing methods include, but are not limited to, fixing the three dielectric layers by passing plastic screws through the non-metallic vias of the first dielectric layer 102, the second dielectric layer 104, and the third dielectric layer 106. In addition, adhesive can be applied to further fix the first dielectric layer 102, the second dielectric layer 104, and the third dielectric layer 106.

[0076] Optionally, metal vias can also be provided at the feed position of the second radiating patch 103 on the second dielectric layer 104, which helps to improve the isolation of each radiating patch and reduce gain loss.

[0077] Please see Figure 5 In this embodiment, the fourth radiating patch 107 is disposed on the lower surface of the third dielectric layer 106, and can serve as a reference ground for the network antenna and the Bluetooth Wi-Fi antenna 113. In this embodiment, the integrated antenna 100 may also include a reflector 108, which is stacked with the fourth radiating patch 107. Simultaneously, to improve the shielding performance of the active circuitry, a shielding cover is provided on the back of the reflector 108 to reduce interference from other signals to the antenna.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, the integrated antenna 100 may further include a radio Rola antenna 110. Both the first dielectric layer 102 and the second dielectric layer 104 have fixing through-holes for securing the radio Rola antenna 110, with the through-holes being approximately 10mm in size. The radio Rola antenna 110 is either a bottom-fed whip monopole antenna or a middle-fed whip monopole antenna. In this embodiment of the invention, a layered integrated design is used for the GNSS antenna, the BeiDou short message transmitting and receiving antennas, and the radio Rola antenna 110, resulting in a reasonable layout and ensuring minimal interference and normal operation for each antenna. The radio Rola antenna 110 operates at a frequency of 410MHz-470MHz and uses a bottom-fed whip monopole antenna; a middle-fed whip monopole antenna can also be used.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first radiating element can be a BeiDou short message transmitting antenna radiating element, the second radiating element can be a BeiDou short message receiving antenna radiating element, the third radiating element can be a GNSS antenna L1 radiating element, and the fourth radiating element can be a GNSS antenna L2 radiating element.

[0080] At this point, the receiving antenna radiating element of the BeiDou short message service and the L1 radiating element of the GNSS antenna are integrated into a single design. This reduces the overall height of the combined antenna, lowers design costs, and enables a low-profile design. Furthermore, by designing the second dielectric layer 104 in a stepped shape, and making the radiating element of the BeiDou short message receiving antenna larger than that of its transmitting antenna, the transmitting antenna effectively has a larger reference ground than its actual size. This minimizes the impact of the transmitting antenna on the receiving antenna during operation, thereby improving isolation and ensuring the proper functioning of both antennas. Of course, this is not the only possibility; in other embodiments of the invention, the aforementioned radiating elements can be other types of radiating elements.

[0081] Please see Figures 6 to 11 The simulation results of the integrated antenna 100 provided in this embodiment are shown. In the simulation, the overall size of the antenna medium is 95mm*17mm. The antenna operates at frequencies L1 (1.525GHz-1.602GHz) and L2 (1.164-1.278GHz), supporting GPS navigation systems, BDS navigation systems, Galileo navigation systems, GLONASS navigation systems, and L-band navigation systems. In the simulation, the radio Rola antenna 110 operates at a frequency of 410MHz-470MHz. The operating frequency band L of the BeiDou short message transmitting antenna is (1610MHz-1626.5MHz), and the operating frequency S of the BeiDou short message receiving antenna is (2483.5MHz-2500MHz). Figure 6 It can be seen that the antenna's passive gain can reach 4.2 dBi at 1.227 GHz; from Figure 7 It can be seen that the antenna's passive gain can reach 4 dBi at 1.575 GHz; from Figure 8 It can be seen that the antenna's passive gain can reach 4 dBi at 1.278 GHz; from Figure 9 It can be seen that the antenna's passive gain can reach 6 dBi at 2.491 GHz; from Figure 10 and Figure 11 It can be seen that the axial ratio of the antenna at the zenith is less than 3dB.

[0082] The present invention also provides a communication device including any of the above-described integrated antennas 100, which enables antenna miniaturization.

[0083] In summary, the integrated antenna 100 and communication device provided in this embodiment of the invention have a first dielectric layer 102, a second dielectric layer 104, and a third dielectric layer 106 stacked together. A first radiating patch 101 is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer 102 to form a first radiating element. A second radiating patch 103 is disposed between the first dielectric layer 102 and the second dielectric layer 104. The second radiating patch 103 includes an inner circular patch 1031 and an outer ring patch 1032. The portion of the circular patch 1031 opposite to the first radiating patch 101 forms a second radiating element, and the portion of the circular patch 1031 larger than the first radiating patch 101 and the outer ring patch 1032 form a third radiating element. A third radiating patch 105 forms a fourth radiating element. In this embodiment of the invention, the second dielectric layer 104 is stepped, which allows for weight reduction and miniaturization of the second dielectric layer 104, which is beneficial for ensuring the isolation of the antenna. Meanwhile, the second radiating patch 103, with its nested circular patch 1031 and outer ring patch 1032, facilitates frequency tuning and ensures the tuning effect of the miniaturized antenna. The integrated antenna 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention can achieve miniaturization of a multi-functional antenna, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of communication devices including this integrated antenna 100.

[0084] The above provides a detailed description of an integrated antenna and a bed having the integrated antenna disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the integrated antenna and the bed having the integrated antenna and its core ideas. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated antenna, characterized by, include: First dielectric layer (102); A first radiating patch (101) is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer (102) to form a first radiating unit; The second dielectric layer (104) is stepped, with the smaller surface being the upper surface of the second dielectric layer (104) and stacked on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer (102). The second radiating patch (103) includes a circular patch (1031) and an outer ring patch (1032). The circular patch (1031) is disposed between the lower surface of the first dielectric layer (102) and the upper surface of the second dielectric layer (104), and the circular patch (1031) is disposed inside the outer ring patch (1032). The outer ring patch (1032) is disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer (104). The outer ring patch (1032) is coupled or connected to the circular patch (1031). The circular patch (1031) is used to form a second radiating unit and a third radiating unit. A third dielectric layer (106) is formed, the upper surface of which is stacked on the lower surface of the second dielectric layer (104); A third radiating patch (105) is disposed between the lower surface of the second dielectric layer (104) and the upper surface of the third dielectric layer (106). The third radiating patch (105) on the lower surface of the second dielectric layer (104) is configured as a reference ground for the second radiating element and the third radiating element, and forms part of a fourth radiating element. The third radiating patch (105) on the upper surface of the third dielectric layer (106) is configured as the fourth radiating element, which is a GNSS antenna L2 radiating element. The third radiating patch (105) has a plurality of slots (1051) evenly distributed along its circumference, and the plurality of slots (1051) are centrally symmetrical, and the slots (1051) are used to extend the current path. A fourth radiating patch (107) is disposed on the lower surface of the third dielectric layer (106) and is used as a reference ground; The third dielectric layer (106) is provided with a plurality of short-circuit via arrays (1061). The short-circuit via arrays (1061) correspond one-to-one with the gaps (1051) of the third radiating patch (105). The short-circuit via arrays (1061) are disposed between two adjacent gaps (1051) along the circumferential direction of the third dielectric layer (106), and the short-circuit via arrays (1061) are disposed on the outside of the third radiating patch (105). The short-circuit via arrays (1061) are metallized vias and are electrically connected to the fourth radiating patch (107). The short-circuit via arrays (1061) are disposed at a position less than one-eighth of the working wavelength on the outer edge of the third radiating patch (105).

2. The integrated antenna of claim 1, wherein, The outer ring patch (1032) has multiple centrally symmetrical rectangular branches (1033) on its outer circumference.

3. The integrated antenna of claim 1, wherein, There is a gap (1034) between the circumference of the circular patch (1031) and the inner circumference of the outer ring patch (1032), and the gap (1034) ranges from one-sixtieth wavelength to one-quarter wavelength.

4. The integrated antenna of claim 3, wherein, Arc-shaped grooves (1035) are correspondingly formed on the circumference of the circular patch (1031) and the inner circumference of the outer ring patch (1032).

5. The integrated antenna according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The second dielectric layer (104) includes a first layer (1041) and a second layer (1042). The first layer (1041) and the second layer (1042) are integrally formed in a stepped shape. The size of the first layer (1041) is smaller than the size of the second layer (1042). The upper surface of the first layer (1041) is provided with the second radiating patch (103), and the lower surface of the second layer (1042) is provided with the third radiating patch (105).

6. The integrated antenna of claim 5, wherein, The second layer (1042) is provided with a plurality of dielectric slots (1043), which are used to avoid the antenna feed point.

7. The integrated antenna of claim 1, wherein, The integrated antenna (100) also includes a network antenna and a Bluetooth Wi-Fi antenna (113). The network antenna includes a main network antenna (111) and a secondary network antenna (112). The main network antenna (111), the secondary network antenna (112), and the Bluetooth Wi-Fi antenna (113) are symmetrically arranged on the third dielectric layer (106) and located outside the short-circuit hole array (1061). The fourth radiating patch (107) is used as a reference ground for the network antenna and the Wi-Fi antenna.

8. The integrated antenna of claim 7, wherein, The distance between the main network antenna (111) and the secondary network antenna (112) and the GNSS antenna is greater than or equal to one-twelfth of a wavelength.

9. The integrated antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The network antenna also includes a multi-stub PIFA antenna and a parasitic stub, the multi-stub PIFA antenna extending from the side of the third dielectric layer (106) to the upper surface of the third dielectric layer (106), and the parasitic stub being disposed on the side of the third dielectric layer (106).

10. The integrated antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The first dielectric layer (102), the second dielectric layer (104) and the third dielectric layer (106) are all provided with non-metallized vias (114), which are used to fix the first dielectric layer (102), the second dielectric layer (104) and the third dielectric layer (106).

11. The integrated antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The integrated antenna (100) also includes a radio Rola antenna (110), and both the first dielectric layer (102) and the second dielectric layer (104) have fixing through holes for fixing the radio Rola antenna (110).

12. The integrated antenna of claim 11, wherein, The radio station's Rola antenna (110) is either a bottom-feed whip monopole antenna or a middle-feed whip monopole antenna.

13. The integrated antenna according to any of claims 1-4, characterized by The integrated antenna (100) further includes a reflector (108) which is stacked with the fourth radiating patch (107).

14. The integrated antenna of claim 13, wherein, The integrated antenna (100) also includes a shielding cover, which is disposed on the outside of the reflector (108).

15. A communication device, characterized by Includes the integrated antenna (100) as described in any one of claims 1-14.

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