Nozzle for impulse turbine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of impulse turbines and relates to a nozzle for an impulse turbine. A plurality of clamping rods and clamping grooves are provided, so that during the process of installing a piston rod and a spray needle head, the installation is completed by clamping the clamping rod to the inside of the clamping groove, and during disassembly, the electromagnet on the piston rod and the reset magnet inside the clamping rod assist in the separation process of the clamping rod and the clamping groove, so that the spray needle head can be easily installed or disassembled, and a traditional threaded connection method can be replaced. Compared with the traditional threaded connection method, this method is more convenient to install, and at the same time, the spray needle head will not be difficult to replace due to thread jamming, damage, or thread adhesion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of impulse turbines, and in particular relates to a nozzle for an impulse turbine. Background Art

[0002] In the process of hydroelectric power generation, water turbines are often needed. There are two main types of water turbines, one is the reaction turbine and the other is the impulse turbine. The impulse turbine mainly uses the nozzle to form a jet to impact the runner to drive the generator rotor to rotate and generate current, and the nozzle needle head, as a part in the nozzle, often needs to be replaced due to damage.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN111425327B discloses a coaxial nozzle built into an impact model turbine motor, which points out that the connection between the spray needle head and the piston rod is a threaded connection. The disadvantage of the threaded connection is that it is difficult to disassemble if it is tightened, and it is easy to loosen if it is not tightened. In addition, the connecting thread between the spray needle head and the piston rod is in a tight meshing state for a long time during operation, and the thread threads tend to be fatigue-damaged. Since the spray needle head and the piston rod are made of the same stainless steel material, they are easy to slip during installation, and when disassembled, they are prone to thread jamming and damage due to fatigue damage in the tight meshing state, which in turn causes thread thread adhesion, etc., making it extremely difficult to repair and replace the spray needle head. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide another nozzle for an impulse turbine which is convenient for installing and disassembling the nozzle needle head.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A nozzle for an impulse turbine comprises a nozzle housing, a flow guide housing is installed inside the nozzle housing, an adjusting component is installed inside the flow guide housing, a piston rod is installed on a side of the adjusting component close to the output end of the nozzle housing, the adjusting component is used to drive the piston rod to move, a sliding hole is opened in the middle of one end of a spray needle head, the end of the piston rod is arranged in the sliding hole and is slidably connected to the spray needle head, a plurality of mounting grooves are opened on both sides of the piston rod, a plurality of clamping rods are rotatably connected to the top of the mounting groove through a rotating shaft, a torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixed to the clamping rod, and the other end is fixed to the piston rod, a clamping groove matching the number and position of the clamping rod is opened on the inner side wall of the sliding hole, a chamfer is opened on the side of the clamping groove away from the adjusting component, the clamping rod is located in the corresponding clamping groove, a reset magnet is fixed inside the clamping rod, and an electromagnet is fixed inside the piston rod.

[0007] A further technical solution is that a groove is provided on one side of the clamping slot close to the adjustment assembly, an elastic sheet is provided on the groove, and the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the spray needle head.

[0008] A further technical solution is that: an extrusion block is provided on the side of the piston rod away from the adjusting component, a liquid storage column is fixed on the side of the extrusion block away from the piston rod, a return spring is fixed between the liquid storage column and the spray needle head, a closed shell is provided on the outside of the liquid storage column, the upper end of the closed shell is fixed to the spray needle head, a first through groove is provided at the lower part of the liquid storage column, a second through groove is provided on the closed shell, sealing gaskets are provided on the liquid storage column below the first through groove and between the first through groove and the second through groove, an elastic bag is fixed to the outside of the closed shell, a plurality of effervescent tablets are placed inside the elastic bag, and the second through groove is connected to the inside of the elastic bag.

[0009] A further technical solution is that a drying film is fixed outside the closed shell, and the drying film completely covers the through groove in the closed shell.

[0010] A further technical solution is that a sealing ring is fixed to the outside of the spray needle head, the sealing ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the nozzle housing, an annular groove is provided between the sealing ring and the spray needle head, and the annular groove is connected to the elastic bag through an air guide tube.

[0011] A further technical solution is that a wear-resistant shell is fixed to the outside of the spray needle head away from the piston rod, and the wear-resistant shell is made of ceramic material.

[0012] A further technical solution is that a detection groove is opened on one side of the wear-resistant shell close to the center of the spray needle head, a detection plug is slidably connected to the inside of the detection groove, an alarm contact is fixed on the side of the detection plug away from the center of the detection groove, a detection spring is fixed between the alarm contact and the inner wall of the detection groove, a circuit contact is arranged on the side of the alarm contact away from the detection plug, the circuit contact is fixedly connected to the spray needle head, and the detection groove is connected to the elastic bag through an air duct.

[0013] A further technical solution is that an extension rod is slidably connected inside the clamping rod, and an extension spring is fixed to the extension rod and the clamping rod.

[0014] A further technical solution is that a groove matching the extension rod is provided inside the clamping rod, a spherical push block is connected to the groove inside the clamping rod through a spring, and a fastening tooth is fixed on the side of the spherical push block away from the center of the clamping rod.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] By providing a plurality of clamping rods and clamping grooves, during the process of installing the piston rod and the spray needle head, the installation is completed by clamping the clamping rod into the inside of the clamping groove, and during disassembly, the electromagnet on the piston rod and the reset magnet inside the clamping rod assist in the separation process of the clamping rod and the clamping groove, so that the spray needle head can be easily installed or disassembled, and it can replace the traditional threaded connection method. Compared with the traditional threaded connection method, this method is more convenient to install, and at the same time, there will be no situation where the thread is blocked, damaged, or the thread is stuck, making it difficult to replace the spray needle head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle housing structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the spray needle structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0020] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a state in which the clamping rod of the present invention is inserted into and fixed in the clamping groove;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the intermediate state in which the clamping rod of the present invention slides out of the clamping groove;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping rod in the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the torsion spring of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. nozzle housing; 2. flow guide housing; 3. adjustment component; 4. piston rod; 5. spray needle head; 6. clamping rod; 7. clamping groove; 8. reset magnet; 9. electromagnet; 10. extrusion block; 11. liquid storage column; 12. reset spring; 13. closed housing; 14. elastic capsule; 15. effervescent tablet; 16. drying film; 17. air guide tube; 18. annular groove; 19. sealing ring; 20. wear-resistant housing; 21. detection plug; 22. alarm contact; 23. circuit contact; 24. extension rod; 25. extension spring; 26. spherical push block; 27. fastening tooth; 28. elastic sheet; 29. ​​mounting groove; 30. rotating shaft; 31. torsion spring; 32. first through groove; 33. second through groove; 34. sealing gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 10 A nozzle for an impulse turbine comprises a nozzle housing 1, a flow guide housing 2 is installed inside the nozzle housing 1, an adjustment assembly 3 is installed inside the flow guide housing 2, a piston rod 4 is installed on the side of the adjustment assembly 3 close to the output end of the nozzle housing 1, the adjustment assembly 3 is used to drive the piston rod 4 to move, a sliding hole is opened in the middle of one end of the spray needle head 5, the end of the piston rod 4 is arranged in the sliding hole and is slidably connected with the spray needle head 5, a plurality of mounting grooves 29 are opened on both sides of the piston rod 4, a plurality of clamping rods 6 are rotatably connected to the top of the mounting groove 29 through a rotating shaft 30, a torsion spring 31 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 30, one end of the torsion spring 31 is fixed to the clamping rod 6, and the other end is fixed to the piston rod 4, a clamping groove 7 matching the number and position of the clamping rod is opened on the inner side wall of the sliding hole, a chamfer is opened on the side of the clamping groove 7 away from the adjustment assembly 3, the clamping rod 6 is located inside the corresponding clamping groove, a reset magnet 8 is fixed inside the clamping rod 6, and an electromagnet 9 is fixed inside the piston rod 4.

[0030] When in use and during installation, the employee needs to hold a brand new spray needle head 5, put it on the piston rod 4, and then push the spray needle head 5 to slide along the piston rod 4. During this process, the multiple clamping rods 6 inside the piston rod 4 will first rotate downward to a certain extent under the action of the piston rod 4, and then shrink inside the mounting groove 29 of the piston rod 4 so as not to affect the movement of the spray needle head 5. When the spray needle head 5 slides until the clamping rod 6 and the clamping groove 7 are exactly corresponding, the clamping rod 6 will pop out under the action of the torsion spring 31. At this time, part of the clamping rod 6 will be inserted into the clamping groove 7. After releasing the spray needle head 5, under the action of the torsion spring 31, the clamping rod 6 will gradually align with the clamping groove 7 until it is completely aligned and the clamping rod 6 will be stuck in the clamping groove 7. At this time, since the clamping rod 6 is already at the top limit position of the mounting groove 29, the spray needle head 5 cannot move away from the piston rod 4. When the clamping rod 6 completely slides into the clamping groove 7, multiple clamping rods 6 and the clamping groove 7 cooperate with each other, so that the piston rod 4 and the spray needle head 5 are completely clamped together. Compared with the traditional threaded connection method, this method is more convenient to install, and at the same time, there will be no thread blocking, damage, and thread adhesion that make the spray needle head 5 difficult to replace. When disassembling, the spray needle head 5 is pressed by external force to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring 31, so that the spray needle head 5 moves in the direction of the piston rod 4. Because of the chamfer in the clamping groove 7, the end of the clamping rod 6 can exit the clamping groove 7 along the chamfered surface and rotate into the installation groove 29. By starting the switch of the electromagnet 9, it is operated to generate magnetism and then generate an attraction on the reset magnet 8, which can overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring 31. The reset magnet 8 can be a magnet or an iron block, so that the clamping rod 6 remains in the installation groove 29, and then the spray needle head 5 and the piston rod 4 are smoothly separated, thus achieving the effect of quick disassembly and improving the installation and replacement efficiency of the spray needle head 5.

[0031] The clamping slot 7 is provided with a groove on one side close to the adjustment assembly 3, and the groove is covered with an elastic sheet 28, and the elastic sheet 28 is fixedly connected to the spray needle head 5. During operation, the design of the elastic sheet 28 can support the clamping rod 6 during the sliding process in the clamping slot 7, thereby preventing the clamping rod 6 from being worn and also effectively preventing the clamping rod 6 from being stuck.

[0032] A squeezing block 10 is provided on the side of the piston rod 4 away from the adjusting component 3, and a liquid storage column 11 is fixed on the side of the squeezing block 10 away from the piston rod 4, a return spring 12 is fixed between the liquid storage column 11 and the spray needle head 5, a closed shell 13 is sleeved on the outside of the liquid storage column 11, and the upper end of the closed shell 13 is fixed to the spray needle head 5, a first through groove 32 is provided at the lower part of the liquid storage column 11, a second through groove 33 is provided on the closed shell 13, and sealing pads 34 are provided on the liquid storage column 11 below the first through groove 32 and between the first through groove 32 and the second through groove 33, an elastic bag 14 is fixed on the outside of the closed shell 13, a plurality of effervescent tablets 15 are placed inside the elastic bag 14, and the second through groove 33 is connected to the inside of the elastic bag 14.

[0033] In the initial state, the second through groove 33 inside the closed shell 13 is not in contact with the first through groove 32 inside the liquid storage column 11; during operation, during the process of installing the spray needle head 5, the piston rod 4 slides inside the spray needle head 5 until it contacts the extrusion block 10, and then under the action of manpower, the piston rod 4 will push the extrusion block 10 to move, and the movement of the extrusion block 10 will drive the liquid storage column 11 to compress the return spring 12 to make it shrink and move inside the closed shell 13. During this process, after the first through groove 32 is aligned with the second through groove 33, the water in the liquid storage column 11 will flow out, and the outflowing water will be injected into the elastic bag 14 and contact the effervescent tablet 15 inside the elastic bag 14, so that the effervescent tablet 15 disintegrates to produce a large amount of gas, which will cause the elastic bag 14 to expand rapidly, and then quickly push the spray needle head 5 along the piston rod 4 toward It moves in the direction away from the adjusting component 3, thereby driving the clamping rod 6 to be inserted into the clamping groove 7, so that the employees can be assisted in the installation, which improves the efficiency of the employees when replacing the spray needle head 5, and when the spray needle head 5 needs to completely close the nozzle housing 1, the gap between the spray needle head 5 and the nozzle housing 1 gradually decreases. If the spray needle head 5 is directly pushed to close the nozzle housing 1, water hammer phenomenon is very likely to occur inside the nozzle housing 1 to damage the equipment. By arranging an inflated elastic bag 14 in the piston rod 4 and the spray needle head 5, the elastic bag 14 will have a buffering effect when the spray needle head 5 completely closes the nozzle housing 1, so that the spray needle head 5 will slowly close the nozzle housing 1 instead of directly closing it, avoiding the occurrence of water hammer phenomenon and extending the service life of the equipment; the sealing gasket 34 plays a role in increasing the sealing performance to prevent water leakage.

[0034] A drying film 16 is fixed to the outside of the closed shell 13, and the drying film 16 completely covers the through groove in the closed shell 13. During operation, the design of the drying film 16 can effectively prevent the gas containing water vapor from contacting the effervescent tablet 15 from the through groove in the closed shell 13, improve the reaction quality of the effervescent tablet 15 to ensure sufficient gas generation, and the drying film 16 will be easily destroyed after the water flow is sprayed out so as not to affect the flow of the water flow. It should be noted that the drying film 16 can be made of absorbent paper, which has a certain water absorption capacity, thereby preventing the effervescent tablet 15 from deteriorating, and at the same time, it will be broken by water pressure under the impact of the water flow without affecting the flow of the water flow.

[0035] A sealing ring 19 is fixed to the outside of the spray needle head 5, and the sealing ring 19 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the nozzle housing 1. An annular groove 18 is provided between the sealing ring 19 and the spray needle head 5, and the annular groove 18 is connected to the elastic capsule 14 through the air guide tube 17. During operation, after the effervescent tablet 15 inside the elastic capsule 14 disintegrates, part of the gas will be injected into the annular groove 18 through the air guide tube 17 at the same time, thereby increasing the pressure in the annular groove 18, and then pushing the sealing ring 19 to expand to a certain extent, thereby improving the sealing effect of the sealing ring 19, and improving the stability and life of the equipment operation. When the spray needle head 5 needs to be replaced, the gas in the elastic capsule 14 can also be released by destroying the sealing ring 19, so as to facilitate replacement.

[0036] A wear-resistant shell 20 is fixed to the outside of the spray needle head 5 away from the piston rod 4, and the wear-resistant shell 20 is made of ceramic material. When working, when water flows through the gap between the spray needle head 5 and the nozzle shell 1, impurities in the water flow often impact the spray needle head 5 and cause it to wear. This is the main reason why the spray needle head 5 needs to be replaced frequently. The wear-resistant shell 20 can be made of silicon nitride ceramic material, which has good wear resistance and impact resistance, thereby effectively improving the service life of the spray needle head 5.

[0037] A detection groove is provided on one side of the wear-resistant shell 20 close to the center of the spray needle head 5, and a detection plug 21 is slidably connected inside the detection groove. An alarm contact 22 is fixed on the side of the detection plug 21 away from the center of the detection groove. A detection spring is fixed between the alarm contact 22 and the inner wall of the detection groove. A circuit contact 23 is provided on the side of the alarm contact 22 away from the detection plug 21. The circuit contact 23 is fixedly connected to the spray needle head 5, and the detection groove is connected to the elastic bag 14 through the air guide tube 17. During operation, after the effervescent tablet 15 in the elastic capsule 14 disintegrates, part of the gas will be injected into the detection groove through the air duct 17 at the same time, thereby pushing the detection plug 21 to move. The movement of the detection plug 21 drives the alarm contact 22 to move until the alarm contact 22 contacts the circuit contact 23. Subsequently, during the use of the spray needle head 5, once the wear-resistant shell 20 located outside the detection groove is worn and the detection groove is no longer closed, it means that the spray needle head 5 has reached the service life limit and needs to be replaced. At this time, the gas in the detection groove escapes, so that the detection spring resets and pulls the alarm contact 22 and the circuit contact 23 apart, so that the external alarm will receive the signal and alarm, reminding the employee to replace the spray needle head 5. At the same time, the design of the detection plug 21 can effectively prevent water from flowing into the area between the alarm contact 22 and the circuit contact 23, causing circuit abnormalities.

[0038] The extension rod 24 is slidably connected inside the clamping rod 6, and an extension spring 25 is fixed to the extension rod 24 and the clamping rod 6. When working, the design of the extension spring 25 cooperates with the magnetic force of the reset magnet 8 and the electromagnet 9, so that the extension spring 25 is in a contracted state in the initial state. During the installation process, after the clamping rod 6 is clamped into the clamping groove 7, the elastic potential energy of the extension spring 25 is released to push the extension rod 24 to move along the clamping groove 7, thereby effectively improving the stability of the clamping between the piston rod 4 and the spray needle head 5, and further improving the stability of the device.

[0039] The clamping rod 6 has a groove inside that matches the extension rod 24. A spherical push block 26 is connected to the groove through a spring inside the clamping rod 6. A fastening tooth 27 is fixed to the side of the spherical push block 26 away from the center of the clamping rod 6. During operation, when the extension rod 24 slides, it will slide over the spherical push block 26, thereby pushing the spherical push block 26 to slide in a direction away from the extension rod 24. The movement of the spherical push block 26 drives the fastening tooth 27 to move. The movement of the fastening tooth 27 will contact the inner wall of the clamping groove 7, thereby increasing the friction between the clamping rod 6 and the clamping groove 7, and further improving the stability of the installation.

[0040] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nozzle for an impulse turbine, comprising a nozzle housing (1), a flow guide housing (2) installed inside the nozzle housing (1), an adjustment assembly (3) installed inside the flow guide housing (2), a piston rod (4) installed on a side of the adjustment assembly (3) close to an output end of the nozzle housing (1), the adjustment assembly (3) being used to drive the piston rod (4) to move, and characterized in that: A sliding hole is provided in the middle of one end of the spray needle head (5), and the end of the piston rod (4) is arranged in the sliding hole and is slidably connected to the spray needle head (5). A plurality of mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the piston rod (4), and a plurality of clamping rods (6) are rotatably connected to the top of the mounting groove through a rotating shaft. A torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end of the torsion spring is fixed to the clamping rod (6) and the other end is fixed to the piston rod (4). A clamping groove (7) matching the number and position of the clamping rods is provided on the inner side wall of the sliding hole, and a chamfer is provided on the side of the clamping groove (7) away from the adjustment component (3). The clamping rod (6) is located inside the corresponding clamping groove, and a reset magnet (8) is fixed inside the clamping rod (6). An electromagnet (9) is fixed inside the piston rod (4). The piston rod (4) is on the side away from the adjustment component (3). A squeezing block (10) is arranged on the side, a liquid storage column (11) is fixed on the side of the squeezing block (10) away from the piston rod (4), a return spring (12) is fixed between the liquid storage column (11) and the spray needle head (5), a closed shell (13) is sleeved on the outside of the liquid storage column (11), the upper end of the closed shell (13) is fixed to the spray needle head (5), a first through groove is opened at the lower part of the liquid storage column (11), a second through groove is opened on the closed shell (13), sealing gaskets are arranged on the liquid storage column (11) below the first through groove and between the first through groove and the second through groove, an elastic bag (14) is fixed on the outside of the closed shell (13), a plurality of effervescent tablets (15) are placed inside the elastic bag (14), and the second through groove is connected to the inside of the elastic bag (14).

2. The nozzle for an impulse turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided on one side of the clamping slot (7) close to the adjustment assembly (3), and an elastic sheet (28) is provided at the groove. The elastic sheet (28) is fixedly connected to the spray needle head (5).

3. The nozzle for an impulse turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drying film (16) is fixed to the outside of the closed shell (13), and the drying film (16) completely covers the through groove in the closed shell (13).

4. The nozzle for an impulse turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (19) is fixed to the outside of the spray needle head (5), and the sealing ring (19) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the nozzle housing (1). An annular groove (18) is provided between the sealing ring (19) and the spray needle head (5), and the annular groove (18) is connected to the elastic bag (14) through the air guide tube (17).

5. The nozzle for an impulse turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wear-resistant shell (20) is fixed to the outside of the spray needle head (5) on a side away from the piston rod (4), and the wear-resistant shell (20) is made of ceramic material.

6. The nozzle for an impulse turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A detection groove is provided on a side of the wear-resistant shell (20) close to the center of the spray needle head (5), a detection plug (21) is slidably connected inside the detection groove, an alarm contact (22) is fixed on a side of the detection plug (21) away from the center of the detection groove, a detection spring is fixed between the alarm contact (22) and the inner wall of the detection groove, a circuit contact (23) is provided on a side of the alarm contact (22) away from the detection plug (21), the circuit contact (23) is fixedly connected to the spray needle head (5), and the detection groove is connected to the elastic bag (14) through an air guide tube (17).

7. The nozzle for an impulse turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension rod (24) is slidably connected inside the clamping rod (6), and an extension spring (25) is fixed to the extension rod (24) and the clamping rod (6).

8. The nozzle for an impulse turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A groove matching the extension rod (24) is provided inside the clamping rod (6), and a spherical push block (26) is connected to the groove via a spring inside the clamping rod (6), and a fastening tooth (27) is fixed to a side of the spherical push block (26) away from the center of the clamping rod (6).

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