Test equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a test device, which is used to detect the degree of corrosion of a solidified body of radioactive material in a simulated underground environment, and includes: an underground channel composed of surrounding rocks; a heating element; a solidified body of radioactive material, which is arranged on the heating element; an underground environment simulation element, which is arranged on the heating element and in contact with the solidified body of radioactive material, wherein when the heating element is heated, the solidified body of radioactive material and the underground environment simulation element are heated by the heating element, and when the heating element in which the solidified body of radioactive material and the underground environment simulation element are arranged is set in the underground channel, the underground channel is filled with groundwater. The test device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can cause the solidified body of radioactive material to corrode in a simulated underground environment, and by analyzing the corroded solidified body of radioactive material, the degree of corrosion of the solidified body of radioactive material at different times in the underground environment can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of high-level radioactive waste disposal, and in particular to a test device. Background Art

[0002] The process of utilizing nuclear energy generates high-level radioactive wastes, which contain radioactive substances. These radioactive substances can be solidified by radioactive substance solidification bodies. The radioactive substance solidification bodies solidified with radioactive substances can be buried deep underground, that is, the radioactive substance solidification bodies solidified with radioactive substances can be geologically disposed of.

[0003] However, after the solidified radioactive material is geologically disposed, it will corrode to a certain extent in the underground environment, which may release radioactive materials. Therefore, before geological disposal, it is necessary to conduct a safety analysis on the solidified radioactive material to study the extent of corrosion of the solidified radioactive material in the underground environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a test device, which is used to detect the degree of corrosion of a solidified body of radioactive material in an underground environment, and includes: an underground tunnel; a heating element; a solidified body of radioactive material, which is arranged on the heating element; and an underground environment simulation element, which is arranged on the heating element and in contact with the solidified body of radioactive material, wherein when the heating element is heated, the solidified body of radioactive material and the underground environment simulation element are heated by the heating element, and when the heating element on which the solidified body of radioactive material and the underground environment simulation element are arranged is set in the underground tunnel, the underground tunnel is filled with groundwater.

[0005] The test device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can cause the solidified radioactive material to corrode in a simulated underground environment, and the corrosion degree of the solidified radioactive material in the underground environment can be obtained by measuring the corroded solidified radioactive material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0007] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0008] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the understanding of those skilled in the art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0011] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should be the usual meanings understood by people with general skills in the field to which this application belongs. If the full text involves descriptions such as "first" and "second", the descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish similar objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance, order of precedence, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. It should be understood that the data described by "first" and "second" can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances. If "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning is to include three parallel schemes, taking "A and / or B" as an example, including scheme A, or scheme B, or schemes that A and B meet at the same time. In addition, for the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "below", "top", "bottom", etc. can be used here, which are only used to describe the spatial position relationship between a device or feature as shown in the figure and other devices or features, and should be understood to also include different orientations in use or operation other than the orientation shown in the figure.

[0012] See also Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a test device, which is used to detect the degree of corrosion of a solidified radioactive material body 30 in an underground environment, and includes: an underground tunnel 10; a heating element 20; a solidified radioactive material body 30, which is arranged on the heating element 20; an underground environment simulation element 40, which is arranged on the heating element 20 and contacts the solidified radioactive material body 30, wherein when the heating element 20 is heated, the solidified radioactive material body 30 and the underground environment simulation element 40 are heated by the heating element 20, and when the heating element 20 in which the solidified radioactive material body 30 and the underground environment simulation element 40 are arranged is set in the underground tunnel 10, the underground tunnel 10 is filled with groundwater 11.

[0013] The test device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can cause the solidified radioactive material body 30 to corrode in a simulated underground environment, and by measuring the corroded solidified radioactive material body 30, the corrosion degree of the solidified radioactive material body 30 in the underground environment can be obtained.

[0014] The underground tunnel 10 may be composed of surrounding rocks. The underground tunnel 10 may be opened vertically to the ground. The underground tunnel 10 is used to provide an experimental space and simulate a real underground environment.

[0015] The heating element 20 is used to support the solidified radioactive material body 30 and the underground environment simulation element 40, and to provide heat to the structure in the underground tunnel 10 to simulate the temperature of the underground environment.

[0016] The radioactive substance solidified body 30 may be a solidified body with radioactive substance solidified therein. Different solidification methods may form different radioactive substance solidified bodies 30. For example, when glass is used to solidify the radioactive substance, the radioactive substance solidified body 30 may be a glass body containing the radioactive substance.

[0017] The radioactive solidified body 30 with radioactive material solidified therein can be placed in a metal container, and then the metal container is buried deep underground. The underground environment simulation member 40 is in close contact with the radioactive solidified body 30, so that the radioactive solidified body 30 can be in the state of an underground environment.

[0018] The solidified radioactive substance body 30 and the underground environment simulation piece 40 are arranged on the heating piece 20 . The heating piece 20 can heat the solidified radioactive substance body 30 and the underground environment simulation piece 40 to simulate the temperature of the underground environment.

[0019] The solidified radioactive substance body 30 is mainly corroded by the groundwater 11 in the underground environment. Therefore, the underground tunnel 10 is also filled with the groundwater 11, which covers the solidified radioactive substance body 30 and the underground environment simulation component 40, so that the solidified radioactive substance body 30 and the underground environment simulation component 40 are completely in the groundwater 11.

[0020] In some embodiments, the heating element 20 is rod-shaped, the radioactive material solidified body 30 and the underground environment simulation element 40 are ring-shaped, and the radioactive material solidified body 30 and the underground environment simulation element 40 are sleeved on the heating element 20 .

[0021] By setting the heating element 20 in a rod shape, and setting the radioactive material solidified body 30 and the underground environment simulation piece 40 in a ring shape, the radioactive material solidified body 30 and the underground environment simulation piece 40 can be conveniently arranged on the heating element 20. The radioactive material solidified body 30 and the underground environment simulation piece 40 can be sleeved on the heating element 20 in a certain order to simulate various environments where the radioactive material solidified body 30 is located under different conditions.

[0022] In some embodiments, radioactive glass powder is also included and placed in the underground tunnel 10. When the radioactive material solidified body 30 is a glass body, the glass body may generate glass powder. Therefore, in addition to setting the annular glass body in the heating element 20, glass powder can also be set in the underground tunnel 10 to study the corrosion degree of radioactive material solidified bodies 30 in different forms.

[0023] In some embodiments, a temperature measuring device and a control device are also included. The temperature measuring device measures the temperature in the underground tunnel 10 and sends the measurement result to the control device. The control device compares the temperature with the predetermined temperature and determines to start the heating element 20 according to the comparison result. With this setting, the predetermined temperature required for the experiment can be maintained in the underground tunnel 10, and the heating element 20 can be prevented from heating all the time to save energy.

[0024] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the underground environment simulation part 40 includes: a test sample 42 made of the metal outer wall material of the container for holding the solidified radioactive material body 30, a test sample 41 made of bentonite, and a test sample 43 made of surrounding rock material, and the above test samples are arranged closely to each other. The solidified radioactive material body 30 solidified with radioactive material can be placed in a metal container, and then the metal container is buried in a hole in the surrounding rock filled with bentonite. The above test samples can more accurately simulate the state of the solidified radioactive material body 30 in the underground environment. The above test samples are arranged closely to each other, that is, adjacent test samples are closely fitted.

[0025] The above test samples can form various combinations to simulate various environments. For example, the radioactive solidified body 30 can be set between two test samples 42 made of metal outer wall materials of the container for holding the radioactive solidified body 30, the radioactive solidified body 30 can be set between two test samples 41 made of bentonite, and the radioactive solidified body 30 can be set between two test samples 43 made of surrounding rock materials. Different combinations can be set on the heating element 20 at the same time and tested at the same time. Different combinations can be separated by the sample 41 made of bentonite, and one or more radioactive solidified bodies 30 can be sandwiched between two test samples. In this embodiment, it is necessary to obtain the corrosion degree of the radioactive solidified body 30 at different immersion times to explore the trend of the corrosion degree with the immersion time. Therefore, by setting multiple radioactive solidified bodies 30 between two test samples, multiple radioactive solidified bodies 30 can be provided for subsequent analysis and testing at the same time, without having to put the radioactive solidified body 30 taken out each time back into the experimental device. In some embodiments, the underground environment simulation component 40 further includes a sealing ring, which is sleeved on the heating component 20 and located at the top of all test samples. The sealing ring can isolate the air to simulate the low oxygen state of the underground environment.

[0026] In some embodiments, the test device further includes a cover 12, which is disposed at the entrance of the underground tunnel 10, and has a through hole, through which the heating element 20 is passed through the cover 12. The cover 12 may also be provided with a groundwater sampling valve to facilitate the extraction of groundwater 11 in the underground tunnel 10 for subsequent corrosion degree research. The chloride ion concentration in the groundwater 11 is relatively high, and the cover 12 is easily corroded. Therefore, the cover 12 may be treated with anti-corrosion to prevent the cover 12 from being corroded by the groundwater 11.

[0027] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for testing the corrosion of the groundwater 11 on the radioactive material solid body 30 using the above test device, which includes: taking out the groundwater 11 in the test device and analyzing the content of radioactive elements in the groundwater 11.

[0028] After the radioactive solidified body 30 is corroded, the radioactive elements in the radioactive solidified body 30 will be released into the groundwater 11. By analyzing the content of the radioactive elements in the groundwater 11, the corrosion of the radioactive solidified body 30 by the groundwater 11 can be studied. The groundwater 11 can be taken out from the test device regularly, and the radioactive elements can be elements such as U, Cs, Sr, Tc, Am, Np, or B. By analyzing the content of the radioactive elements, the situation of the nuclide release source term of the radioactive solidified body 30 can be obtained.

[0029] In some embodiments, the method for testing the corrosion of groundwater 11 on the solidified radioactive material 30 also includes: taking out the solidified radioactive material 30 in the test device; processing the solidified radioactive material 30 to form an alteration layer on the surface of the solidified radioactive material 30; and determining the distribution of constituent elements in the alteration layer.

[0030] In addition to analyzing the content of radioactive elements in the groundwater 11, the corroded radioactive solidified body 30 can also be directly analyzed. An altered layer is formed on the surface of the corroded radioactive solidified body 30. By treating the radioactive solidified body 30, the altered layer can be easily detected. The distribution of the constituent elements in the altered layer can determine the structure of the altered layer.

[0031] In some embodiments, the step of treating the solidified body 30 of radioactive material includes: cleaning the solidified body 30 of radioactive material; drying the cleaned solidified body 30 of radioactive material, and cooling to room temperature for measurement after drying to constant weight. Through the above treatment, impurities on the solidified body 30 of radioactive material can be removed to prevent the impurities from interfering with the measurement results. The solidified body 30 of radioactive material can be cleaned with anhydrous ethanol. When measuring, the corrosion depth of the solidified body 30 of radioactive material and the main element composition of the secondary product can be determined by scanning electron microscopy and electron energy spectrum, respectively. When measuring glass powder, the crystal phase of the secondary product can be determined by X-ray diffraction.

[0032] In some embodiments, the treated solidified radioactive substance body 30 is placed in a mold, and a mixture of epoxy resin and adhesive is injected into the mold; the mold after the treatment is dried; and the solidified radioactive substance body 30 coated with epoxy resin is taken out from the dried mold. The epoxy resin can fix the solidified radioactive substance body, making it easier to observe the degree of corrosion.

[0033] In some embodiments, the radioactive material solidified body 30 coated with epoxy resin is cut; the cross section of the cut radioactive material solidified body 30 is polished; the polished radioactive material solidified body 30 is sprayed with gold particles under vacuum; the corrosion depth of the sprayed radioactive material solidified body 30 is measured, and the thickness of the corrosion layer of the radioactive material solidified body 30 is analyzed; the radioactive material solidified body 30 is scanned layer by layer to determine the distribution of the constituent elements in the alteration layer of the radioactive material solidified body 30 from the outside to the inside. By comprehensively analyzing the thickness of the corrosion layer of the radioactive material solidified body 30, the structure of the alteration layer, and the change trend of the secondary products over time, the influence of the groundwater 11 on the corrosion rate of the radioactive material solidified body 30 in the simulation test can be obtained.

[0034] Regarding the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0035] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for detecting the degree of corrosion of a solidified radioactive substance in an underground environment, comprising: Underground tunnels; Heating element; a radioactive material solidified body, the radioactive material solidified body being arranged on the heating element; an underground environment simulation member, the underground environment simulation member is arranged on the heating member and is in contact with the radioactive material solidified body, When the heating element is heated, the solidified radioactive material and the underground environment simulation element are heated by the heating element. When the heating element in which the radioactive material solidified body and the underground environment simulation element are arranged is arranged in the underground tunnel, the underground tunnel is filled with groundwater; The heating element is rod-shaped, the radioactive material solidified body and the underground environment simulation element are ring-shaped, and the radioactive material solidified body and the underground environment simulation element are sleeved on the heating element; The underground environment simulation piece includes a test sample made of the metal outer wall material of a container for containing solidified radioactive substances, a test sample made of bentonite, and a test sample made of surrounding rock material, and the above test samples are closely arranged.

2. The test device according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes radioactive glass powder, which is placed in the underground tunnel.

3. The test device according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a temperature measuring device and a control device, wherein the temperature measuring device measures the temperature in the underground tunnel and sends the measurement result to the control device. The control device compares the temperature with a predetermined temperature and determines to activate the heating element according to a result of the comparison.

4. A method for testing the corrosion of groundwater on a solidified body of a radioactive substance using the test device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: The groundwater in the test device is taken out, and the content of radioactive elements in the groundwater is analyzed.

5. The method according to claim 4, comprising: taking out the solidified radioactive substance in the test device; Treating the solidified radioactive substance to form an alteration layer on the surface of the solidified radioactive substance; The distribution of constituent elements in the altered layer is determined.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of treating the solidified radioactive substance comprises: cleaning the solidified radioactive substance; The washed solidified radioactive material is dried to a constant weight and then cooled to room temperature for measurement.

7. The method according to claim 5, further comprising: Place the processed radioactive material solidified body into the mold, injecting a mixture of epoxy resin and adhesive into the mold; Drying the mold after the above treatment; The cured radioactive material body coated with epoxy resin is taken out from the dried mold.

8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: cutting the solidified radioactive substance coated with epoxy resin; Polishing the cross section of the cut radioactive material solidified body; Spraying gold particles on the polished solidified radioactive material under vacuum; Measuring the corrosion depth of the solidified radioactive material body after spraying, and analyzing the thickness of the corrosion layer of the solidified radioactive material body; The radioactive material solidified body is scanned layer by layer to determine the distribution of constituent elements in the altered layer of the radioactive material solidified body from the outside to the inside.

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