End-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method and related device

Abstract

The present application provides an end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method and related devices. The method includes: parsing the obtained service to obtain the service attributes of the service; determining an entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the service attributes; determining a virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel; determining the shortest path of the service in the virtual topology network; in response to each entanglement channel in the shortest path not being occupied, completing the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service; and transmitting the service through the first end-to-end entanglement channel. By constructing a virtual topology network, the embodiments of the present application centrally manage and monitor the service requests and entanglement resources of all network nodes, count the entanglement establishment between any pair of nodes, and realize remote end-to-end entanglement establishment by real-time scheduling of the entanglement resources between each pair of nodes, ensuring that the entanglement resources in the communication path meet the service requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of quantum network technologies, and particularly to an end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method and related devices. Background Art

[0002] Most current quantum secure communication systems are based on quantum key distribution, which are all in the primary stage of the development of quantum networks and only have some functions of quantum networks. Their entanglement resources cannot be overall managed, and the utilization rate of entanglement resources is relatively low. In addition, the quantum channel is only used for the point-to-point key distribution process and cannot achieve networked applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to propose an end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method and related devices.

[0004] Based on the above purpose, this application provides an end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method, which is characterized by including:

[0005] Analyze the obtained service to obtain the service attributes of the service;

[0006] Determine the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the service attributes;

[0007] Determine the virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel;

[0008] Determine the shortest path of the service in the virtual topology network;

[0009] In response to that each entanglement channel in the shortest path is not occupied, complete the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service; transmit the service through the first end-to-end entanglement channel.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the determining the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the service attributes includes:

[0011] Determine the entanglement distribution source node according to the service attributes;

[0012] Determine the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the entanglement distribution source node.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the service attributes include a source node and a destination node;

[0014] Among them, the determining the entanglement distribution source node according to the service attributes includes:

[0015] Determine the entanglement distribution source node connected to the source node according to the source node;

[0016] Determine the entanglement distribution source node connected to the host node according to the host node;

[0017] Determine the entanglement distribution source node according to the entanglement distribution source node connected to the source node and the entanglement distribution source node connected to the host node.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the entanglement distribution source node is connected to a quantum node;

[0019] Among them, the determining the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the entanglement distribution source node includes:

[0020] Determine all quantum nodes connected to the entanglement distribution source node according to the entanglement distribution source node;

[0021] Determine the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the quantum node.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the determining the virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel includes:

[0023] Traverse the entanglement channel to obtain all virtual direct connection links;

[0024] Group all the virtual direct connection links according to the entanglement distribution source node to obtain virtual direct connection link groups;

[0025] Determine the virtual topology network according to the virtual direct connection link groups.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the completing the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service in response to that each entanglement channel in the shortest path is not occupied includes:

[0027] In response to that each entanglement channel in the shortest path is not occupied, determine the shortest path as the transmission path of the service;

[0028] Perform entanglement swapping on each quantum node on the transmission path to complete the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0030] In response to that the entanglement channel of any hop in the shortest path is occupied, calculate the second shortest path of the service according to the virtual topology network;

[0031] In response to that each entanglement channel in the second shortest path is not occupied, complete the establishment of the second end-to-end entanglement channel of the service; transmit the service through the second end-to-end entanglement channel.

[0032] Based on the same inventive concept, one or more embodiments of this specification also provide an end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation device, including:

[0033] A parsing module, configured to parse the service attributes of the obtained service;

[0034] A determination module, configured to determine an entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the service attributes;

[0035] A virtual topology construction module, configured to determine a virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel;

[0036] A calculation module, configured to calculate the shortest path of the service according to the virtual topology network;

[0037] An establishment module, configured to complete the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service in response to that each entanglement channel in the shortest path is not occupied; and transmit the service through the first end-to-end entanglement channel.

[0038] Based on the same inventive concept, one or more embodiments of this specification also provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method as described in any one of the above.

[0039] Based on the same inventive concept, one or more embodiments of this specification also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method described in any one of the above.

[0040] As can be seen from the above, an embodiment of this application proposes an end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method, which obtains the service attributes of the service by parsing the obtained service; determines an entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the service attributes; determines a virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel; determines the shortest path of the service in the virtual topology network; completes the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service in response to that each entanglement channel in the shortest path is not occupied; and transmits the service through the first end-to-end entanglement channel, so as to be able to overall control the generation of entangled photon pairs of each entangled photon source in the whole network and the distribution and generation of entanglement resources between each pair of nodes, monitor and count the entanglement origin requirements between any pair of nodes, and further uniformly manage and schedule the entanglement resources between each pair of nodes, improving the utilization rate of entanglement resources and the utilization rate of the network. Description of the Drawings

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings in the following descriptions are only the embodiments of this application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0042] Figure 1 Flowchart of the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method for the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 Flowchart of the point-to-point entanglement resource establishment for the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 Flowchart of the end-to-end entanglement resource establishment for the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the first end-to-end quantum entanglement resource distribution model for the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the entanglement distribution physical model for the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the end-to-end channel for the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the end-to-end channel establishment process for the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the second end-to-end quantum entanglement resource distribution model for the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the virtual topology network of the second end-to-end quantum entanglement resource distribution model for the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation device for the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device for the embodiments of this application. Detailed implementation manners

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on this application in detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0054] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the embodiments of the present application do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0055] As described in the background art section, most of the quantum secure communication systems in the related art are based on quantum key distribution and are in the primary stage of the development of quantum networks, only having some functions of quantum networks. The quantum channel is only used for the point-to-point key distribution process and cannot realize networked applications, resulting in the inability to overall manage the entanglement resources in the existing quantum entanglement network and the low utilization rate of entanglement resources.

[0056] In addition, the ultimate stage of the quantum network is to use quantum teleportation or quantum entanglement swapping technology as a link to connect nodes such as users, quantum computers, and quantum sensors into a whole to generate, transmit, and use quantum resources. Therefore, as the cornerstone of the ultimate stage of the quantum network, the establishment of remote end-to-end entanglement needs to be studied and designed urgently and necessarily.

[0057] In view of the above considerations, the embodiments of the present application propose an end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method. By analyzing the obtained services, the service attributes of the services are obtained; according to the service attributes, the entanglement channels corresponding to the services are determined; according to the entanglement channels, a virtual topology network is determined; the shortest path of the service in the virtual topology network is determined; in response to each entanglement channel in the shortest path not being occupied, the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service is completed; and the service is transmitted through the first end-to-end entanglement channel, so as to overall control the generation of entangled photon pairs of each entangled photon source in the whole network and the distribution and generation of entanglement resources between each pair of nodes, monitor and count the entanglement origin requirements between any pair of nodes, and further uniformly manage and schedule the entanglement resources between each pair of nodes, improving the utilization rate of entanglement resources and the utilization rate of the network.

[0058] Hereinafter, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail through specific embodiments.

[0059] Refer toFigure 1 , the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method according to the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps:

[0060] Step S101: Parse the obtained service to obtain the service attributes of the service;

[0061] Step S102: Determine the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the service attributes;

[0062] Step S103: Determine the virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel;

[0063] Step S104: Determine the shortest path of the service in the virtual topology network;

[0064] Step S105: In response to that each entanglement channel in the shortest path is not occupied, complete the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service; transmit the service through the first end-to-end entanglement channel.

[0065] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 , which is the flow chart of establishing point-to-point entanglement resources according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0066] First, the entanglement distribution network deploys quantum nodes, entanglement distribution source nodes, and quantum entanglement network controllers (QEN controllers) respectively. After that, a connection is established between the control layer and the service layer, and a connection is established between the control layer and the entanglement layer. When a service arrives, the entanglement distribution network monitors the quantum service security request. Further, the source and destination nodes of the quantum service are determined. Then, according to the source and destination nodes, the entanglement distribution source required for the two-word service is determined. According to the entanglement distribution source, all quantum nodes included in the service can be determined. After that, entanglement photon pairs are generated between adjacent node pairs, and point-to-point entanglement is established. Next, end-to-end entanglement needs to be established.

[0067] Refer to Figure 3 , which is the flow chart of establishing end-to-end entanglement resources according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0068] After establishing the point-to-point entanglement channel (ECh) in the above steps, the QEN controller traverses the entanglement resources between each quantum node in the network topology, that is, the point-to-point entanglement channels that have been established. Further, the established point-to-point entanglement channels are integrated to form a virtual topology network. The QEN controller calculates the shortest path of the service in the virtual topology. At this time, it is necessary to judge whether the entanglement resources in each hop corresponding to the selected link are occupied. If they are occupied, the second-shortest path is selected and judged again. If they are not occupied, direct hop-by-hop entanglement swapping is performed, and finally, the remote end-to-end entanglement channel is established.

[0069] Next, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail:

[0070] Regarding step S101, refer to Figure 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the first end-to-end quantum entanglement resource distribution model of the embodiments of the present application. It is composed of a service layer, a control layer, an entanglement layer, and a physical layer. The service layer is mainly for users to operate services for communication. The control layer includes a quantum entanglement network controller. The entanglement layer shows entanglement channels. The physical layer shows quantum nodes, entanglement distribution sources, and the physical connection relationships between quantum nodes and entanglement distribution sources.

[0071] Before the service arrives, it is necessary to deploy network nodes, entanglement distribution source nodes, and quantum entanglement network controllers in the service layer, entanglement layer, and control layer respectively. The control layer establishes connections with the service layer and the entanglement layer through the quantum entanglement network controller. The deployed network nodes form the physical topology of the whole network, and a large number of secure communication service requests may be generated between each pair of quantum nodes in the physical topology.

[0072] After the deployment is complete, the service can be accepted. It should be noted that the quantum entanglement network controller in the embodiments of the present application can monitor and count the quantum service security requests of the whole network. One of the following embodiments is used as an illustration. When the service arrives, the obtained service is parsed to obtain the service attributes of the service. The service attributes specifically include: the source node, destination node, start time, duration, etc. of the service. The specific analysis method should be known to those skilled in the art, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0073] Regarding step S102, after obtaining the service attributes, determine the entanglement channel corresponding to the service. Specifically, first determine the entanglement distribution source node according to the service attributes, and then determine the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the entanglement distribution source node.

[0074] When determining the entanglement distribution source node, first determine the entanglement distribution source node connected to the source node according to the source node in the service attributes, and then determine the entanglement distribution source node corresponding to the destination node vector according to the destination node in the service attributes. It should be noted that if there are the same nodes among all the nodes connected to the entanglement distribution source node corresponding to the source node and all the nodes connected to the entanglement distribution source node corresponding to the destination node, the final distribution source node is the entanglement distribution source node corresponding to the source node and the entanglement distribution source node corresponding to the destination node. If there are no same nodes between the two, it is necessary to continue to find the entanglement distribution source node until each entanglement distribution source node has the quantum nodes connected to it coinciding with the quantum nodes connected to other entanglement distribution source nodes, so that the source node and the destination node can finally successfully establish end-to-end quantum entanglement.

[0075] Further, based on all the found entanglement distribution source nodes, all the quantum nodes connected to the entanglement distribution source nodes are determined. Then, the entanglement distribution source nodes distribute entangled photon pairs to each of the quantum nodes they are connected to, triggering the establishment of point-to-point entanglement, that is, a quantum entanglement channel is established.

[0076] Reference Figure 5 , which is a schematic diagram of the entanglement distribution physical model of the embodiment of the present application.

[0077] It includes an entanglement distribution source, an optical fiber switch, a multiplexer, a demultiplexer, an optical fiber, and quantum nodes. This entanglement distribution model can form a fully connected subnet.

[0078] Further, for step S103, after the quantum entanglement channel is established, the virtual topology network is determined. Specifically, the quantum entanglement network controller will traverse each quantum node's entanglement channel in the physical topology corresponding to all the entanglement distribution source nodes determined in the previous steps, further forming virtual direct connection links in the virtual topology network. Then, the virtual direct connection links obtained in the virtual topology network are resource-integrated to form a virtual direct connection link group. The resources in the virtual direct connection link group are shared. After the virtual direct connection link group is determined, the virtual topology network can be determined.

[0079] Further, for step S104, after the virtual topology network is determined, the quantum entanglement network controller starts to determine the shortest path of this transmission service in the virtual topology network. Specifically, it is reflected in the least number of hops required during service transmission, that is, the least number of quantum nodes passed through, which is the shortest path of this transmission service.

[0080] At this time, each entanglement channel in this shortest path needs to be detected to confirm whether each entanglement channel is occupied by other services. If there is an entanglement channel occupied, the next shortest path is reselected, and then it is determined whether each entanglement channel in the next shortest path is occupied by other services. If it is still occupied, a path longer than the next shortest path is continued to be selected. If not, this path is directly confirmed as the transmission path. Correspondingly, if each entanglement channel in the initially selected shortest path is not occupied, this shortest path is directly selected as the service transmission path. In this embodiment, the shortest path is used as the service transmission path. After the transmission path is determined, entanglement swapping is performed on each quantum node on the transmission path to complete the establishment of the first end-to-end channel of the service.

[0081] Reference Figure 6 , which is a schematic diagram of the end-to-end channel of the embodiment of the present application.

[0082] The figure shows a quantum transmitter, a quantum receiver, and an entanglement distribution source, which communicate using three types of channels, namely, a quantum channel, a classical channel, and an entanglement channel. The quantum channel is used for the distribution of entangled photons, the classical channel is used for sending the results of Bell state measurements, and the entanglement channel is established by entangled photon pairs. After that, the end-to-end channel is established.

[0083] Reference Figure 7 , which is a schematic diagram of the end-to-end channel establishment process of the embodiment of the present application.

[0084] It is mainly divided into three steps. The first step is the generation of entanglement between quanta: In the figure, a is the transmitted service. The entanglement distribution source distributes entangled photons 1, 1', 2', and 2. Entangled photons 1 and 1' are an entangled particle pair, forming an entanglement channel (ECh). Entangled photons 2 and 2' are an entangled particle pair, forming an entanglement channel. 1 is the source node, 2 is the destination node, and 1' and 2' are located at intermediate nodes.

[0085] The second step is the Bell state measurement process (BSM process): After forming two entanglement channels in the first step, it is found that the service a cannot be transmitted from the source node to the destination node, and entanglement swapping needs to be performed between quantum nodes. Entanglement swapping needs to be realized through Bell basis measurement (BSM). The source node and the destination node respectively send 1' and 2' to a predetermined location for Bell basis measurement. At the cost of consuming the two photons 1' and 2', 1 and 2 can be entangled.

[0086] The third step is the establishment of teleportation, that is, the establishment of the end-to-end channel: As can be seen from the figure, the two photons 1' and 2' have been consumed, and the service a is transmitted from the source node (QN1) to the destination node (QN2). A classical channel (CCh) is established between the source node and the destination node, and an entanglement channel (ECh) is established between photon 1 and photon 2.

[0087] Specifically, the necessary conditions for the transmission of a quantum state carrying information between two nodes are as follows: there needs to be an entanglement channel composed of entangled particle pairs between the source node and the destination node. However, it is impossible for any two nodes in the network to share entangled particle pairs, that is, the source node may not be able to directly transmit information to any other node in the network. To achieve communication between distant nodes, intermediate nodes are introduced to assist in information transmission. Therefore, when the sender and the receiver directly share entangled particle pairs, the two nodes can directly transmit the quantum state; otherwise, there needs to be at least one quantum path established through intermediate nodes between the sender and the receiver, and entangled particle pairs are shared between adjacent nodes in this path. Suppose the information sender wants to transmit an unknown two-qubit state to the information receiver. Since the two nodes do not directly share entangled particle pairs, there is no direct quantum channel, and thus quantum communication cannot be directly carried out. However, there are entangled state quantum channels between the information sender and the information receiver and a third party at the same time. Therefore, a two-hop quantum path can be established between the sender and the receiver with the help of intermediate nodes. There is a particle a carrying the quantum information to be transmitted. The sender holds particle a and A, the third party holds particles C and D, and the receiver holds particle B. The sender and the third party share the entangled particle pair composed of particles A and C, and the two particles establish an entangled state quantum channel. The receiver and the third party share the entangled particle pair composed of particles B and D, and the two particles establish an entangled state quantum channel. The third party acts as an intermediate node to assist the sender and the receiver in transmitting the unknown state quantum information a, so that there is a quantum path with a hop count of 2 between the two.

[0088] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application are described from the perspective of only one service, which does not mean that the present application is only applicable to transmitting one service at the same time. The present application can be applied to transmitting multiple services at the same time, and the above operations will be performed for each service.

[0089] Further, after the first end-to-end channel is established, the service is transmitted through this channel.

[0090] In another alternative embodiment, referring to Figure 8 , it is a schematic diagram of the second end-to-end quantum entanglement resource distribution model of the embodiments of the present application.

[0091] In this embodiment, the distribution model includes a service layer, a control layer, an entanglement layer, and a physical layer. Among them, the service layer is used for the communication of quantum services. The control layer includes a quantum entanglement network controller (QEN controller). The quantum entanglement network controller can control the generation of entangled photon pairs in the physical layer and the distribution of entanglement, and can also obtain the virtual topology network, entanglement resources, and control the strategy allocation of routing in the entanglement layer. The entanglement layer is composed of many entanglement channels. The quantum entanglement network controller can obtain the virtual topology network according to the entanglement channels. The physical layer is composed of quantum nodes and entanglement distribution source nodes (EPS). Among them, the connection channel between quantum nodes is called a classical channel, and the channel between a quantum node and an entanglement distribution source node is called a quantum channel.

[0092] Specifically, first, all quantum nodes and entanglement distribution source nodes are traversed in the service layer, entanglement layer, and control layer to form a physical topology. The quantum nodes QN{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, entanglement distribution source nodes EPS{EPS1, EPS2}, and QEN controller QEN-C in the physical topology are recorded respectively. Among them, the control layer establishes connections with the service layer and the entanglement layer through the QEN controller respectively.

[0093] At a certain moment, a quantum service r request arrives. Analyze the service to obtain the service attributes of the service: the service start time T s is 10s, the service duration T h is 30s, and the service end time T end is 40s; the source and destination nodes QN sd {1, 7} of the quantum service. Determine the entanglement distribution source nodes EPS{EPS1, EPS2} of the service according to the source and destination nodes. It can be seen from Figure 8 that there is the same quantum node 4 among all the quantum nodes included in the two entanglement distribution source nodes. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, only two entanglement distribution source nodes, EPS1 and EPS2, are required.

[0094] After determining the entanglement distribution source nodes, the QEN controller establishes point-to-point entanglement resources ECh 1-2 , ECh 1-3 , ECh 1-4 , ECh 2-3 , ECh 2-4 , ECh 3-4 , ECh 4-5 , ECh 4-6 , ECh 4-7 , ECh 4-8 , ECh 5-6 , ECh 5-7 , ECh 5-8 , ECh 6-7 , ECh6-8 , ECh 7-8 .

[0095] Furthermore, the QEN controller traverses the entanglement resources between each quantum node in the physical topology, that is, the point-to-point entanglement channel resources between each quantum node: ECh 1-2 , ECh 1-3 , ECh 1-4 , ECh 2-3 , ECh 2-4 , ECh 3-4 , ECh 4-5 , ECh 4-6 , ECh 4-7 , ECh 4-8 , ECh 5-6 , ECh 5-7 , ECh 5-8 , ECh 6-7 , ECh 6-8 , ECh 7-8 .

[0096] Reference Figure 9 , is the schematic diagram of the virtual topology network of the second end-to-end quantum entanglement resource distribution model of the embodiment of the present application.

[0097] Furthermore, the point-to-point entanglement channel resources that have been established between each pair of quantum nodes are formed into virtual direct connection links, and these virtual direct connection links are resource-integrated to form a virtual direct connection link group. The resources within the virtual direct connection link group are shared. Refer to Figure 9 the two parts circled by the virtual coil in, that is: EChEPS1{ECh 1-2 , ECh 1-3 , ECh 1-4 , ECh 2-3 , ECh 2-4 , ECh 3-4}, EChEPS2{ECh 4-5 , ECh 4-6 , ECh 4-7 , ECh 4-8 , ECh 5-6 , ECh 5-7 , ECh 5-8 , ECh 6-7 , ECh 6-8 , ECh 7-8}, and finally form a virtual topology network.

[0098] Furthermore, calculate the shortest path of service r in the virtual topology network. As known from Figure 9 , it is P 1-4-7(Indicating the path: Node 1 - Node 4 - Node 7), and it is known that the hop count of the shortest path is 2 hops.

[0099] Furthermore, the QEN controller determines the selected shortest path, i.e., P 1-4-7 whether the entanglement resources for each hop in it are occupied, i.e., ECh 1-4 (Entanglement Channel 1 - 4), and ECh 4-5 and ECh 5-7 are occupied. If the above-mentioned entanglement channels are not occupied, then perform hop-by-hop entanglement swapping for each quantum node on path P 1-4-7 If any of the above-mentioned entanglement channels is occupied, select the second-shortest path P 1-4-5-7 , and then determine whether any entanglement channel in this second-shortest path is occupied again. If it is still occupied, then select a path longer than the second-shortest path again. If it is not occupied, then perform one-by-one entanglement swapping for each quantum node on this second-shortest path, and finally complete the establishment of the end-to-end entanglement channel, i.e.: ECh 1-7 .

[0100] As can be seen from the above embodiments, for the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method described in the embodiments of the present application, by analyzing the obtained service, the service attributes of the service are obtained; according to the service attributes, the entanglement channels corresponding to the service are determined; according to the entanglement channels, the virtual topology network is determined; the shortest path of the service in the virtual topology network is determined; in response to each entanglement channel in the shortest path not being occupied, the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel for the service is completed; through the first end-to-end entanglement channel, the service is transmitted, so as to be able to overall control the generation of entangled photon pairs by each entangled photon source in the whole network and the distribution and generation of entanglement resources between each pair of nodes, monitor and count the entanglement origin requirements between any pair of nodes, be able to select the optimal path for service transmission, and then uniformly manage and schedule the entanglement resources between each pair of nodes, improve the utilization rate of entanglement resources and the utilization rate of the network, and greatly improve the efficiency and quality of the entanglement network for transmitting services.

[0101] It should be noted that the method in the embodiments of the present application can be executed by a single device, such as a computer or a server, etc. The method in this embodiment can also be applied to a distributed scenario and be completed by multiple devices cooperating with each other. In this case of a distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices can only execute one or more steps in the method in the embodiments of the present application, and these multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the described method.

[0102] It should be noted that some embodiments of the present application have been described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Additionally, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0103] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above-described method embodiments, the present application further provides an end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation device.

[0104] Referring to Figure 10 , the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation device includes:

[0105] A parsing module 11, configured to parse the service attributes of the acquired service;

[0106] A determination module 12, configured to determine an entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the service attributes;

[0107] A virtual topology construction module 13, configured to determine a virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel;

[0108] A calculation module 14, configured to calculate the shortest path of the service according to the virtual topology network;

[0109] An establishment module 15, configured to complete the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service in response to that each entanglement channel in the shortest path is not occupied; and transmit the service through the first end-to-end entanglement channel.

[0110] In a possible implementation manner, the determination module 12 is further configured to:

[0111] Determine an entanglement distribution source node according to the service attributes;

[0112] Determine an entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the entanglement distribution source node.

[0113] In a possible implementation manner, the service attributes include a source node and a destination node;

[0114] The determination module 12 is further configured to:

[0115] Determine an entanglement distribution source node connected to the source node according to the source node;

[0116] Determine an entanglement distribution source node connected to the destination node according to the destination node;

[0117] Determine the entanglement distribution source node according to the entanglement distribution source node connected to the source node and the entanglement distribution source node connected to the sink node.

[0118] In a possible implementation, the entanglement distribution source node is connected to a quantum node;

[0119] The determining module 12 is further configured to:

[0120] Determine all quantum nodes connected to the entanglement distribution source node according to the entanglement distribution source node;

[0121] Determine an entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the quantum node.

[0122] In a possible implementation, the constructing virtual topology module 13 is further configured to:

[0123] Traverse the entanglement channel to obtain all virtual direct links;

[0124] Group all the virtual direct links according to the entanglement distribution source node to obtain a virtual direct link group;

[0125] Determine a virtual topology network according to the virtual direct link group.

[0126] In a possible implementation, the establishing module 15 is further configured to:

[0127] In response to each entanglement channel in the shortest path not being occupied, determine the shortest path as the transmission path of the service;

[0128] Perform entanglement swapping on each quantum node on the transmission path to complete the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service.

[0129] In a possible implementation, the calculating module 14 is further configured to:

[0130] In response to the entanglement channel of any hop in the shortest path being occupied, calculate the second shortest path of the service according to the virtual topology network;

[0131] The establishing module is further configured to: in response to each entanglement channel in the second shortest path not being occupied, complete the establishment of the second end-to-end entanglement channel of the service; transmit the service through the second end-to-end entanglement channel.

[0132] For the convenience of description, when describing the above device, it is divided into various modules according to functions and described separately. Of course, when implementing this application, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0133] The device of the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0134] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the method of any of the above embodiments, the present application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0135] Figure 11 FIG. shows a more specific schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in this embodiment. The device may include: a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. Among them, the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040 are communicatively connected to each other inside the device through the bus 1050.

[0136] The processor 1010 can be implemented in a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, etc., and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0137] The memory 1020 can be implemented in the form of a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 can store an operating system and other application programs. When implementing the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification through software or firmware, the relevant program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and called and executed by the processor 1010.

[0138] The input / output interface 1030 is used to connect to the input / output module to achieve information input and output. The input / output module can be configured as a component in the device (not shown in the figure), or can be externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. Among them, the input device can include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc., and the output device can include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, etc.

[0139] The communication interface 1040 is used to connect to the communication module (not shown in the figure) to achieve communication interaction between this device and other devices. Among them, the communication module can achieve communication through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.), or can achieve communication through wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0140] The bus 1050 includes a path to transmit information between various components of the device (such as the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040).

[0141] It should be noted that although the above device only shows the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, the communication interface 1040, and the bus 1050, in the specific implementation process, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that the above device may also only include the components necessary to implement the solution of the embodiments of this specification, and does not necessarily include all the components shown in the figure.

[0142] The electronic device of the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0143] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the method of any of the above embodiments, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to make the computer execute the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0144] The computer-readable medium of this embodiment includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassette tapes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.

[0145] The computer instructions stored in the storage medium of the above embodiment are used to cause the computer to execute the end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method described in any of the above embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0146] Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present application (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations in different aspects of the embodiments of the present application as described above, and they are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0147] In addition, for the sake of simplicity of description and discussion, and in order not to make the embodiments of the present application difficult to understand, the well-known power / ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided drawings. In addition, the device may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid making the embodiments of the present application difficult to understand, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the platform on which the embodiments of the present application are to be implemented (i.e., these details should be completely within the understanding of those skilled in the art). In the case where specific details (such as circuits) are set forth to describe the exemplary embodiments of the present application, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented without these specific details or with variations of these specific details. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0148] Although the present application has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may be used with the embodiments discussed.

[0149] Embodiments of the present application are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation method, characterized in that, Including: Analyze the obtained service to obtain the service attributes of the service; Determine the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the service attributes, including: determining the entanglement distribution source node according to the service attributes; determining the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the entanglement distribution source node; the service attributes include a source node and a destination node; the entanglement distribution source node is connected to a quantum node; Determine the virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel; Determine the shortest path of the service in the virtual topology network; In response to each entanglement channel in the shortest path not being occupied, complete the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service; transmit the service through the first end-to-end entanglement channel; Among them, the determining the entanglement distribution source node according to the service attributes includes: Determine the entanglement distribution source node connected to the source node according to the source node; Determine the entanglement distribution source node connected to the destination node according to the destination node; Determine the entanglement distribution source node according to the entanglement distribution source node connected to the source node and the entanglement distribution source node connected to the destination node; Among them, the determining the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the entanglement distribution source node includes: Determine all quantum nodes connected to the entanglement distribution source node according to the entanglement distribution source node; Determine the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the quantum nodes.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel includes: Traverse the entanglement channel to obtain all virtual direct links; Group all the virtual direct links according to the entanglement distribution source node to obtain virtual direct link groups; Determine the virtual topology network according to the virtual direct link groups.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The responding to each entanglement channel in the shortest path not being occupied and completing the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service includes: In response to each entanglement channel in the shortest path not being occupied, determine the shortest path as the transmission path of the service; Perform entanglement swapping on each quantum node on the transmission path to complete the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further includes: In response to the entanglement channel of any hop in the shortest path being occupied, calculate the second shortest path of the service according to the virtual topology network; In response to each entanglement channel in the second shortest path not being occupied, complete the establishment of the second end-to-end entanglement channel of the service; transmit the service through the second end-to-end entanglement channel.

5. An end-to-end quantum entanglement resource routing and allocation device, characterized in that, Including: An analysis module configured to analyze the service attributes of the obtained service; A determination module configured to determine the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the service attributes, including: determining the entanglement distribution source node according to the service attributes; determining the entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the entanglement distribution source node; the service attributes include a source node and a destination node; the entanglement distribution source node is connected to a quantum node; A virtual topology construction module configured to determine the virtual topology network according to the entanglement channel; A calculation module, configured to calculate the shortest path of the service according to the virtual topology network; An establishment module, configured to complete the establishment of the first end-to-end entanglement channel of the service in response to that each entanglement channel in the shortest path is not occupied; and transmit the service through the first end-to-end entanglement channel; Wherein, the determination module is further configured to: determine an entanglement distribution source node connected to the source node according to the source node; determine an entanglement distribution source node connected to the sink node according to the sink node; and determine the entanglement distribution source node according to the entanglement distribution source node connected to the source node and the entanglement distribution source node connected to the sink node; Wherein, the determination module is further configured to: determine all quantum nodes connected to the entanglement distribution source node according to the entanglement distribution source node; and determine an entanglement channel corresponding to the service according to the quantum nodes.

6. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that, The computer instructions are used to cause a computer to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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