Quantum positioning chip system integrating multiple modules and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of quantum entanglement positioning, and discloses a multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip system and a working method thereof, the system comprises a cold atom inertia measurement module, an entanglement photon distance measurement module, a quantum key synchronization module, a tensor calculation module and a path optimization module; the working method comprises the following steps: establishing a basic physical field environment; measuring acceleration data of the to-be-positioned object in real time; performing predictive compensation on a spatial change trend between the target and the reference point according to the acceleration data to generate spatial distance data; generating synchronization time offset data by using a quantum key distribution protocol; constructing a four-dimensional tensor data structure; calculating an optimal positioning path by adopting a sparse optimization algorithm; and constructing the optimal path obtained by calculation into positioning trajectory data. According to the method, inertial measurement, photon distance measurement and time synchronization information are fused into a unified four-dimensional tensor field, a continuous positioning expression model is constructed in two dimensions of space and time, and the method is suitable for path planning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum entanglement positioning technology, and in particular to a multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip system and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of quantum information technology, precision ranging technology, and micro-nano inertial navigation devices, integrating multi-source data to achieve high-precision positioning has become a key trend in navigation system design. Dynamic path construction and spatial state estimation are collaboratively accomplished through multi-dimensional sensing methods such as inertial, radio frequency, and satellite signals. Integrating spatiotemporal data through high-dimensional representations to improve path solving efficiency has become a key research direction in this field.

[0003] Existing quantum positioning chip technologies mostly use classic path search or trajectory template methods. For example, positioning systems widely deployed in intelligent vehicles, mobile terminals, and unmanned platforms typically rely on GNSS signals to provide basic positioning data, supplemented by inertial measurement units (IMUs) and some ground-based auxiliary base stations for state correction.

[0004] However, existing quantum positioning chip technology has difficulty in effectively integrating high-dimensional structured information, and insufficiently handles the inherent coupling relationship between inertial, ranging, and time-synchronized data sources, resulting in poor path continuity and low anti-interference capabilities. Secondly, path generation usually relies on a high-density, regularly distributed data grid, which relies heavily on data integrity and sampling uniformity. Once occlusion, interference, or partial data loss occurs, the path will be interrupted. In addition, path adjustments are mostly performed offline or periodically, lacking a real-time feedback correction mechanism, making it difficult to dynamically optimize the path state based on sensor input. Therefore, the present invention provides an integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system and its working method to address the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system and its working method, which solves the problems of insufficient multi-source information fusion dimensions, poor path continuity, and lack of real-time feedback correction mechanism in existing navigation path planning.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip system, comprising: The cold atom inertial measurement module is used to measure the acceleration of the quantum positioning chip system based on cold atom interferometry technology and generate acceleration data; The entangled photon ranging module is used to measure the relative position of the quantum positioning chip system through quantum entangled photon pairs, output photon flight time difference data, perform dynamic ranging calibration based on the generated acceleration data, and generate distance data; A quantum key synchronization module is used to synchronize the time of the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module in real time through the quantum key distribution protocol, and generate synchronized time data. The synchronized time data is used to correct the data timestamp and provide time synchronization information; The tensor calculation module constructs a four-dimensional tensor data structure based on acceleration data, distance data, and synchronization time data, performs path optimization calculations based on the constructed four-dimensional tensor data, and outputs the optimized path information; The path optimization module calculates the path based on the optimized path information using a sparse optimization algorithm to generate the final positioning trajectory.

[0007] Preferably, the cold atom inertial measurement module includes: Laser cooling device, used to cool cold atoms and form atomic clouds, providing a cooling atom source for the interferometer; An interferometer for measuring acceleration data through cold atom interference effect, wherein the acceleration data is obtained through changes in interference fringes; The acceleration measurement unit is used to calculate the acceleration vector at each moment based on the cold atom interference fringes, and output velocity information through real-time analysis of the acceleration data.

[0008] Preferably, the entangled photon ranging module includes: a photon pair generating unit, configured to generate a photon pair having quantum entanglement properties through a nonlinear optical process, wherein the photon pair is used to measure relative positions; A photon receiving unit is used to receive photons returning from a target location, measure their flight time difference, and output photon flight time data; The dynamic calibration unit adjusts the calculation method of the photon flight time difference based on the acceleration data, corrects the ranging error in real time, and generates calibrated accurate distance data.

[0009] Preferably, the quantum key synchronization module includes: Quantum key distribution unit, used to distribute quantum keys through quantum entanglement or quantum state exchange to synchronize the time of each module; A time synchronization calculation unit is used to calculate the time deviation and correct it according to the quantum key distribution results, and output accurate synchronization time data; The clock synchronization unit is used to correct the clocks of each module of the system through quantum key synchronization signals, ensure the clock consistency between the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module, and provide synchronized time data.

[0010] Preferably, the tensor calculation module includes: A data receiving unit, used for receiving acceleration data, distance data and synchronization time data; A tensor construction unit is used to construct a four-dimensional tensor data structure based on the received acceleration data, distance data, and synchronization time data. The dimensions of the four-dimensional tensor data structure correspond to acceleration, distance, time, and space, respectively. The construction of the four-dimensional tensor data structure is expressed by the following formula: ; in, Represents the constructed four-dimensional tensor data structure, Represents the mapping of acceleration data output by the cold atom inertial measurement module in the spatial dimension, Represents the three-dimensional distance data output by the entangled photon ranging module, Represents the time synchronization data of the quantum key synchronization module; Represents the dimension expansion operation of a tensor; A path optimization calculation unit performs path optimization calculation based on the constructed four-dimensional tensor data and outputs optimized path information.

[0011] Preferably, the path optimization module includes: A path optimization unit is used to calculate the path based on the optimized path information using a sparse optimization algorithm to maximize the sparsity of the path while minimizing the path error; The parameter feedback unit adjusts the working parameters of the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module in real time based on the optimization results; The positioning trajectory generation unit generates final positioning trajectory data and transmits it to an external control system or navigation system. The positioning trajectory is based on the path optimization result and is dynamically adjusted over time.

[0012] Preferably, the expression of the cold atom interference effect is: ; in, represents the acceleration response function in cold atom interferometry, represents an exponential decay function, is the interference time window, For in time The speed of change at any moment, is the temperature-dependent attenuation constant, is the initial time of the interference fringes, is the acceleration vector.

[0013] Preferably, the calculation formula for the photon flight time difference is: ; in, is the speed of light, is the observation time difference, is the constant correction coefficient in the photon propagation process, is the light propagation delay variation caused by environmental factors, is the maximum time window of measurement, is the final calculated distance.

[0014] Preferably, the formula for calculating the path using the sparse optimization algorithm is: ; in, is the path function, is the gradient of the path function in tensor space, is the observed value, is the normalization coefficient, is the Jacobian matrix of the path function, is its Frobenius norm, is the sparsity adjustment parameter, is the sparsity regularization term of the path function.

[0015] A method for operating a multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip is also provided, comprising the following steps: Start the quantum positioning chip system, initialize the cold atom inertial measurement module, entangled photon ranging module, and quantum key synchronization module, establish the basic physical field environment of each module, including cooling laser, photon entanglement source, and synchronization link, and prepare for data acquisition; Through the cold atom inertial measurement module, the acceleration data of the object to be positioned in three-dimensional space is measured in real time by utilizing the change of interference fringes as the dynamic motion state input; After receiving the acceleration data, the entangled photon ranging module predictively compensates for the spatial variation trend between the target and the reference point based on the acceleration data. It then initiates the emission and reception of entangled photons to obtain the time of flight difference between the target point and the reference point, and generates spatial distance data based on this. Based on the timestamps of the acceleration data and distance data, the quantum key synchronization module starts the time synchronization process, uses the quantum key distribution protocol to correct the time base of each module, and generates synchronized time offset data for tensor fusion; Based on the acquired acceleration data, distance data, and time synchronization data, a four-dimensional tensor data structure is constructed: Based on the constructed four-dimensional tensor, a sparse optimization algorithm is used to calculate the optimal positioning path, which satisfies the dual constraints of minimizing the error and maximizing the sparsity of the target trajectory in the space-time tensor field. The calculated optimal path is constructed into positioning trajectory data and output. At the same time, the local data gradient and error involved in the path are fed back to the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module to adaptively optimize the laser power and measurement cycle parameters.

[0016] The present invention provides a multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip system and its operating method. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention introduces a tensor calculation module to fuse inertial measurement, photon ranging, and time synchronization information into a unified four-dimensional tensor field, constructing a continuous positioning expression model in both space and time. This processing method overcomes the data mismatch problem that traditional vector data-based navigation methods are prone to when fusing multiple sources, effectively avoiding trajectory jumps and positioning drift, and is particularly suitable for path planning in complex dynamic scenarios.

[0017] 2. This invention utilizes a sparse tensor optimization strategy, significantly reducing the data size required for path calculation, significantly reducing system resource usage while maintaining navigation accuracy. Compared to previous methods that relied on high-density measurement points to construct a path grid, this method no longer relies on evenly distributed data input points, solving the problems of low efficiency and heavy memory load in real-time path generation on edge devices.

[0018] 3. This invention constructs a graph-based node connection mechanism during the path inversion process, combining energy constraints with path gradient optimization to effectively improve the controllability and robustness of path planning. Traditional methods typically generate paths using preset templates or fixed trajectory libraries, lacking dynamic adaptability. This mechanism, however, allows the path to update in real time based on the environment and target, overcoming the shortcomings of existing solutions, such as rigid paths and poor dynamic obstacle avoidance capabilities.

[0019] 4. Leveraging a feedback correction mechanism and interpolation optimization methods, this invention supports continuous path correction and local reconstruction, adjusting navigation output based on real-time changes in the tensor field. Previous path construction processes often suffered from fixed path points, making it difficult to quickly respond to input disturbances. This solution achieves flexible adjustment of dynamic errors within the technical path, improving the overall stability and operational flexibility of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of the method steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the attached Figure 1 , a multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip system, including: The cold atom inertial measurement module is used to measure the acceleration of the quantum positioning chip system based on cold atom interferometry technology and generate acceleration data; The entangled photon ranging module is used to measure the relative position of the quantum positioning chip system through quantum entangled photon pairs, output photon flight time difference data, perform dynamic ranging calibration based on the generated acceleration data, and generate distance data; A quantum key synchronization module is used to synchronize the time of the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module in real time through the quantum key distribution protocol, and generate synchronized time data. The synchronized time data is used to correct the data timestamp and provide time synchronization information; The tensor calculation module constructs a four-dimensional tensor data structure based on acceleration data, distance data, and synchronization time data, performs path optimization calculations based on the constructed four-dimensional tensor data, and outputs the optimized path information; The path optimization module calculates the path based on the optimized path information using a sparse optimization algorithm to generate the final positioning trajectory.

[0023] For the cold atom inertial measurement module, in this embodiment, the cold atom inertial measurement module serves as the basic dynamic information providing unit of the entire system. Its structure and measurement mechanism play the role of initializing motion state identification, assisting ranging calibration, and constructing the basic coordinate reference of the space-time tensor in the overall system.

[0024] Typically, this module first completes the preparation and confinement of the cold atom source, then outputs acceleration measurement data through the evolution of interference fringes. This data not only serves as the spatial component foundation for subsequent path construction but also dynamically compensates for optical path offsets in the entangled photon ranging module. Alternatively, the cold atom inertial measurement module preferably employs a three-axis independent atomic interferometry architecture to support independent acceleration measurements in different directions within three-dimensional space.

[0025] In this embodiment, the cold atom inertial measurement module includes three parts: a laser cooling device, an interferometer structure, and an acceleration measurement unit.

[0026] Among them, the laser cooling device is used to achieve cooling treatment of rubidium-87 or cesium-133 atoms. It is usually equipped with a two-stage MOT (magneto-optical trap) system. The first stage is reduced to the mK level, and the second stage accuracy is controlled within μK.

[0027] The atomic group stably forms an atomic cloud with controllable density in this area, providing the initial atomic source for subsequent interference operations.

[0028] Specifically, the interferometer structure employs a Mach-Zehnder interferometer scheme. A sequence of laser pulses sequentially acts on the atomic cloud, achieving momentum separation and interference recombination. The phase shift of the interference fringes reflects the acceleration, and this phase evolves over time and is captured by a detector array.

[0029] Typically, the pulse time interval is set to a uniform structure, and the interference period can be adjusted to match the target object's motion frequency.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the acceleration measurement unit performs digital fitting on the interference fringes and calculates the instantaneous acceleration vector based on the phase difference before and after the interference fringes. This process is based on the following mathematical model: ; in, represents the acceleration response function in cold atom interferometry; represents an exponential decay function; is the intervention time window; For in time The speed of the moment changes; is the temperature-dependent attenuation constant; is the initial time of the interference fringes; is the acceleration vector.

[0031] As an extension, if the target object has medium-frequency vibration under environmental disturbance conditions, the system can also introduce a compensation term to correct the frequency domain drift caused by the inherent noise of the interferometer. In this case, the measurement expression can be further expanded to: ; in, is the environmental vibration compensation factor; Indicates that over time Changing sinusoidal disturbance signal; The angular frequency of the disturbance introduced to the environment; In some embodiments, the accelerometer and signal processing chip are integrated into a single package, using a MEMS structure to define the cold atom path, thus adapting to the space requirements of a portable chip package. This structure facilitates module-level spatiotemporal alignment in subsequent tensor construction.

[0032] During system operation, the cold atom inertial measurement module continuously outputs acceleration data corresponding to time tags, each output accompanied by information about the acceleration vector direction. This data directly participates in tensor construction operations, forming the spatial acceleration dimension of the four-dimensional tensor data, providing the system with joint time-space perception capabilities.

[0033] It is worth noting that this module not only implements the traditional inertial navigation function, but also provides key guarantees in terms of timestamp accuracy and drift compensation performance, providing the core dynamic input foundation for the system of the present invention in a non-GNSS environment.

[0034] In this embodiment, the entangled photon ranging module is one of the key modules in building a ranging mechanism equivalent to that of a traditional satellite positioning system. Its function is not only to achieve high-resolution quantum-level path difference measurement, but also to provide a highly robust ranging method that does not rely on radio frequency signals. Generally, this module receives preliminary displacement information from the cold atom inertial measurement module and constructs a photon-level interferometric path difference model based on this information to perform refined time-of-flight ranging operations.

[0035] As an option, this module detects the path difference between pairs of spatial points based on the non-local characteristics of entangled photons and constructs an equivalent expression for the distance under the quantum link.

[0036] In this embodiment, the entangled photon ranging module includes: an entangled photon pair generation unit, a photon receiving unit, an interference detection array, and a dynamic calibration unit.

[0037] Specifically, the entangled photon pair generation unit uses lithium niobate (PPLN) or beta-barium borate (BBO) crystals as nonlinear media, and uses pump laser excitation to generate two-photon pairs under the conservation of energy and momentum. Typically, a 405nm ultraviolet laser excitation, combined with quasi-phase matching conditions, produces a pair of energy-symmetric entangled photons with a wavelength of 810nm.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the generated entangled photons are guided to the target path and the reference path, respectively, and on their return path, they overlap in an interferometric detection array. This array is based on single-photon avalanche detectors and can resolve sub-nanosecond arrival time differences.

[0039] The basic mathematical expression of ranging in this module is as follows: ; in, Represents the equivalent propagation distance between two spatial points; is the speed of light in vacuum; is the time delay difference between the two photons arriving at the detector.

[0040] The calculation formula for the photon flight time difference is: ; in, is the speed of light, is the observation time difference, is the constant correction coefficient in the photon propagation process, is the light propagation delay variation caused by environmental factors, is the maximum time window of measurement, is the final calculated distance.

[0041] In some embodiments, the module also includes a path calibration device to compensate for fixed offsets introduced by crystal drift or photon beam splitting deviations, further improving ranging stability. This path calibration device can be a mechanical fine-tuning component or a liquid crystal spatial modulator (SLM) to dynamically adjust the photon propagation path.

[0042] As an extension, in the integrated chip structure, the time-of-flight calculation unit can share computing resources with the tensor calculation unit, and use FPGA or DSP modules to perform parallel processing operations on the photon arrival time to achieve real-time updated output of ranging results.

[0043] This module does not rely on any external electromagnetic wave source in terms of ranging path construction and timing analysis. Its design structure and algorithm model are functionally equivalent to traditional GNSS ranging modules. It can be embedded in the core path calculation link of the positioning system to provide dense and time-accurate ranging input for the path optimization module.

[0044] Regarding the quantum key synchronization module, in this embodiment, the quantum key synchronization module plays a role in timing alignment and node clock offset compensation in the system structure. Its core purpose is to provide a unified time reference for high-precision ranging and tensor construction. Generally, this module works in conjunction with the entangled photon ranging module to achieve the sharing of time domain reference values, while compensating for the clock offset accumulation problem caused by the complexity of the radio propagation environment in traditional positioning systems. As an option, this module is based on the quantum communication protocol and realizes non-classical transmission of synchronization signals through a key distribution mechanism, thereby improving anti-eavesdropping capabilities and timestamp reliability.

[0045] In this embodiment, the quantum key synchronization module mainly includes: a quantum key distribution unit, a time synchronization calculation unit, a clock synchronization unit and a random number source generation structure.

[0046] Specifically, the quantum key distribution unit uses a photon source in a different channel from the ranging module to generate entangled state pairs and transmit them to the two measurement nodes to establish initial state consistency. This process constructs the entangled state key stream based on the E91 protocol. Generally, Bell basis measurements are used to determine qubit consistency, filtering out data points affected by interference and decoherence.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the time synchronization calculation unit performs standard bit mapping on the received photon sequence, performs bit string verification and error correction in conjunction with a classical communication channel, and simultaneously records the local clock signature value at the time of key arrival. This signature value serves as a basic time alignment reference, and a linear drift fitting model is used to perform a preliminary clock offset estimate.

[0048] To further enhance the time synchronization accuracy, the system introduces a dynamic compensation method based on the change of the key negotiation sequence interval. Set the initial local clock period to , the corresponding clock period of the remote node is , then the clock offset The estimated expression is as follows: ; in, The current estimated clock drift of the system; 、 Respectively represent The arrival timestamp of the key bits at the remote node and the local node; is the number of key pairs successfully synchronized within the time window.

[0049] In some embodiments, in order to enhance the drift prediction accuracy, a time drift derivative dynamic term is introduced to capture the frequency perturbation caused by nonlinear environmental changes. The model is as follows: ; in, is the clock frequency change rate; is the modulation disturbance amplitude; is the noise induced frequency factor; is the initial phase; represents the instantaneous drift rate; Indicates the time at which a system or signal The time drift of the moment; is the cosine modulation function.

[0050] In some embodiments, the clock synchronization unit dynamically adjusts the local clock using a phase-locked loop (PLL) structure, driving the next-level path calculation module to maintain a unified time reference. The phase-lock adjustment range is typically controlled within the sub-microsecond range, with the specific adjustment frequency determined by the key negotiation rate and fiber length stability.

[0051] As an extension, the system can input the synchronization key generated by this module into the quantum random number source for encryption channel selection and path perturbation pseudo-random modulation generation in subsequent modules, enhancing the overall robustness and unpredictability of the system.

[0052] As for the tensor calculation module, in this embodiment, the tensor calculation module is mainly responsible for the calculation task of constructing a four-dimensional tensor field based on multi-source heterogeneous data. Its function is to fuse the dynamic acceleration data, photon ranging information and time synchronization parameters provided by the predecessor module to form a unified, high-dimensional structured expression data field. This tensor field not only provides a continuous spatial reference for subsequent path generation, but also completes the prediction and interpolation of the positioning state through the temporal evolution process. In general, the tensor structure implemented in this module can be regarded as a dynamic navigation state library, which adopts the tensor algebra paradigm construction method and has a stronger spatial consistency expression capability.

[0053] In this embodiment, the tensor calculation module mainly includes: a data receiving unit, a tensor construction unit, a multi-dimensional interpolation module and a path optimization calculation unit.

[0054] Specifically, the data receiving unit receives data streams from the inertial measurement, photon ranging, and synchronization modules and uniformly resamples them based on timestamps to ensure temporal consistency between data points. Within a complete sampling cycle, the collected data is normalized into a uniformly structured three-dimensional spatial component and a one-dimensional time scalar.

[0055] As an option, the tensor construction unit maps data from different sources into a unified four-dimensional coordinate domain through tensor product to construct a fourth-order tensor of the following form: ; in, Represents the constructed four-dimensional tensor data structure, Represents the mapping of acceleration data output by the cold atom inertial measurement module in the spatial dimension, Represents the three-dimensional distance data output by the entangled photon ranging module, Represents the time synchronization data of the quantum key synchronization module; Represents a dimension expansion operation on a tensor.

[0056] In one possible implementation, to improve the sparsity and numerical stability of tensor data, the system uses a point-by-point reconstruction strategy combined with sparse tensor regularization constraints to optimize the distribution of non-zero elements in the tensor structure, thereby reducing storage burden and computational complexity. The regularization optimization expression is as follows: ; in, Represents the gradient operator of a tensor in spatial dimensions; It is the preset target gradient structure matrix, which is used to limit the tensor boundary behavior; is the sparse term adjustment factor; represents the Frobenius norm; Represents the L1 norm, which is used to control the sparsity of tensor elements.

[0057] In some embodiments, the multidimensional interpolation module can also be used to fill temporal discontinuities or spatial holes between sparse tensors. The processing method is based on spline functions or least squares reconstruction strategies, which ensures temporal continuity while retaining spatial gradient consistency characteristics.

[0058] As an extension, to decouple the tensor computation module from subsequent path modules, this module outputs indexed tensor fragments and provides a tensor slice retrieval interface. This interface structure is similar to the satellite ephemeris parameter reading mechanism in GNSS systems, enabling on-demand reading, dynamic caching, and parallel computation.

[0059] In this embodiment, the path optimization module is responsible for generating the target trajectory path based on tensor field data, specifically implementing the inversion and dynamic update of path information. Generally, this module takes the four-dimensional structure data provided by the tensor calculation module as input and uses a mathematical optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal transition path between the current position and the desired navigation state, thereby outputting a continuous sequence of path points suitable for navigation solution. Alternatively, this module can utilize sparse constraint strategies and graph structure optimization methods to construct a trajectory generation model that is logically similar to the path solution unit in a GNSS navigation system, while also being resistant to noise perturbations.

[0060] Specifically, the path initialization component extracts the reachable area within the target space based on the current position tensor fragment in the tensor structure. This process is achieved by analyzing the index of non-zero elements in the tensor and constructing an initial set of estimated paths as the starting point for optimization.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the path optimization module uses a constrained least squares reconstruction strategy and combines it with a sparse regularization term to construct an optimization objective function. The path optimization model can be expressed as follows: ; in, is the path function, is the gradient of the path function in tensor space, is the observed value, is the normalization coefficient, is the Jacobian matrix of the path function, is its Frobenius norm, is the sparsity adjustment parameter, is the sparsity regularization term of the path function.

[0062] In general, in order to enhance the path coherence and anti-disturbance ability, this module further introduces a graph structure path analysis mechanism. This mechanism constructs a node connection graph ,in represents the feasible space point set, Represents the path segment connection relationship, based on which the minimum weight path search is performed. Its objective function can be further defined as: ; in, Representation node To Node The Euclidean distance between is the tensor energy loss factor of the path segment in the tensor field; is the energy consumption weight coefficient.

[0063] In some embodiments, to adapt to dynamic environmental changes, the path optimization module also includes a feedback correction mechanism. This mechanism, based on the error gradient between the path output of the previous cycle and the current tensor input, adjusts the interpolation direction of the path points in real time. This correction strategy can employ local quadratic interpolation or Bessel interpolation to minimize jumps while ensuring path continuity.

[0064] As an extension, to reduce computational burden, the module can deploy sparse filters to downsample the tensor input and generate a sparse view path estimate. This path estimate can be used for rapid recovery navigation in emergency positioning situations.

[0065] At the hardware implementation level, the path optimization module is suitable for on-chip deployment, and the path gradient calculation and shortest path graph search can be completed by a high-performance DSP or FPGA array, with real-time solution capabilities.

[0066] The operating method of an integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip described below and the integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system described above can correspond to each other.

[0067] Please see the attached Figure 2 The present invention also provides a method for operating a multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip, comprising the following steps: Start the quantum positioning chip system, initialize the cold atom inertial measurement module, entangled photon ranging module, and quantum key synchronization module, establish the basic physical field environment of each module, including cooling laser, photon entanglement source, and synchronization link, and prepare for data acquisition; Through the cold atom inertial measurement module, the acceleration data of the object to be positioned in three-dimensional space is measured in real time by utilizing the change of interference fringes as the dynamic motion state input; After receiving the acceleration data, the entangled photon ranging module predictively compensates for the spatial variation trend between the target and the reference point based on the acceleration data. It then initiates the emission and reception of entangled photons to obtain the time of flight difference between the target point and the reference point, and generates spatial distance data based on this. Based on the timestamps of the acceleration data and distance data, the quantum key synchronization module starts the time synchronization process, uses the quantum key distribution protocol to correct the time base of each module, and generates synchronized time offset data for tensor fusion; Based on the acquired acceleration data, distance data, and time synchronization data, a four-dimensional tensor data structure is constructed: Based on the constructed four-dimensional tensor, a sparse optimization algorithm is used to calculate the optimal positioning path, which satisfies the dual constraints of minimizing the error and maximizing the sparsity of the target trajectory in the space-time tensor field. The calculated optimal path is constructed into positioning trajectory data and output. At the same time, the local data gradient and error involved in the path are fed back to the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module to adaptively optimize the laser power and measurement cycle parameters.

[0068] The method of this embodiment can be used to execute the above system embodiment. Its principles and technical effects are similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0069] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip system, characterized in that: include: The cold atom inertial measurement module is used to measure the acceleration of the quantum positioning chip system based on cold atom interferometry technology and generate acceleration data; The entangled photon ranging module is used to measure the relative position of the quantum positioning chip system through quantum entangled photon pairs, output photon flight time difference data, perform dynamic ranging calibration based on the generated acceleration data, and generate distance data; A quantum key synchronization module is used to synchronize the time of the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module in real time through the quantum key distribution protocol, and generate synchronized time data. The synchronized time data is used to correct the data timestamp and provide time synchronization information; The tensor calculation module constructs a four-dimensional tensor data structure based on acceleration data, distance data, and synchronization time data, performs path optimization calculations based on the constructed four-dimensional tensor data, and outputs the optimized path information; The path optimization module calculates the path based on the optimized path information using a sparse optimization algorithm to generate the final positioning trajectory.

2. The integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold atom inertial measurement module includes: Laser cooling device, used to cool cold atoms and form atomic clouds, providing a cooling atom source for the interferometer; An interferometer for measuring acceleration data through cold atom interference effect, wherein the acceleration data is obtained through changes in interference fringes; The acceleration measurement unit is used to calculate the acceleration vector at each moment based on the cold atom interference fringes, and output velocity information through real-time analysis of the acceleration data.

3. The integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The entangled photon ranging module includes: a photon pair generating unit, configured to generate a photon pair having quantum entanglement properties through a nonlinear optical process, wherein the photon pair is used to measure relative positions; A photon receiving unit is used to receive photons returning from a target location, measure their flight time difference, and output photon flight time data; The dynamic calibration unit adjusts the calculation method of the photon flight time difference based on the acceleration data, corrects the ranging error in real time, and generates calibrated accurate distance data.

4. The integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantum key synchronization module includes: Quantum key distribution unit, used to distribute quantum keys through quantum entanglement or quantum state exchange to synchronize the time of each module; A time synchronization calculation unit is used to calculate the time deviation and correct it according to the quantum key distribution results, and output accurate synchronization time data; The clock synchronization unit is used to correct the clocks of each module of the system through quantum key synchronization signals, ensure the clock consistency between the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module, and provide synchronized time data.

5. The integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensor calculation module includes: A data receiving unit, used for receiving acceleration data, distance data and synchronization time data; A tensor construction unit is used to construct a four-dimensional tensor data structure based on the received acceleration data, distance data, and synchronization time data. The dimensions of the four-dimensional tensor data structure correspond to acceleration, distance, time, and space, respectively. The construction of the four-dimensional tensor data structure is expressed by the following formula: ； in, Represents the constructed four-dimensional tensor data structure, Represents the mapping of acceleration data output by the cold atom inertial measurement module in the spatial dimension, Represents the three-dimensional distance data output by the entangled photon ranging module, Represents the time synchronization data of the quantum key synchronization module; Represents the dimension expansion operation of a tensor; A path optimization calculation unit performs path optimization calculation based on the constructed four-dimensional tensor data and outputs optimized path information.

6. The integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The path optimization module includes: A path optimization unit is used to calculate the path based on the optimized path information using a sparse optimization algorithm to maximize the sparsity of the path while minimizing the path error; The parameter feedback unit adjusts the operating parameters of the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module in real time based on the optimization results; The positioning trajectory generation unit generates final positioning trajectory data and transmits it to an external control system or navigation system. The positioning trajectory is based on the path optimization result and is dynamically adjusted over time.

7. The multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expression of the cold atom interference effect is: ； in, represents the acceleration response function in cold atom interferometry, represents an exponential decay function, is the interference time window, For in time The speed of change at any moment, is the temperature-dependent attenuation constant, is the initial time of the interference fringes, is the acceleration vector.

8. The multi-module integrated quantum positioning chip system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the photon flight time difference is: ； in, is the speed of light, is the observation time difference, is the constant correction coefficient in the photon propagation process, is the light propagation delay variation caused by environmental factors, is the maximum time window of measurement, is the final calculated distance.

9. The integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the path using the sparse optimization algorithm is: ； in, is the path function, is the gradient of the path function in tensor space, is the observed value, is the normalization coefficient, is the Jacobian matrix of the path function, is its Frobenius norm, is the sparsity adjustment parameter, is the sparsity regularization term of the path function.

10. A method for operating a multi-module quantum positioning chip, applied to an integrated multi-module quantum positioning chip system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Start the quantum positioning chip system, initialize the cold atom inertial measurement module, entangled photon ranging module, and quantum key synchronization module, establish the basic physical field environment of each module, including cooling laser, photon entanglement source, and synchronization link, and prepare for data acquisition; Through the cold atom inertial measurement module, the acceleration data of the object to be positioned in three-dimensional space is measured in real time by utilizing the change of interference fringes as the dynamic motion state input; After receiving the acceleration data, the entangled photon ranging module predictively compensates for the spatial variation trend between the target and the reference point based on the acceleration data. It then initiates the emission and reception of entangled photons to obtain the time of flight difference between the target point and the reference point, and generates spatial distance data based on this. Based on the timestamps of the acceleration data and distance data, the quantum key synchronization module starts the time synchronization process, uses the quantum key distribution protocol to correct the time base of each module, and generates synchronized time offset data for tensor fusion; Based on the acquired acceleration data, distance data, and time synchronization data, a four-dimensional tensor data structure is constructed: Based on the constructed four-dimensional tensor, a sparse optimization algorithm is used to calculate the optimal positioning path, which satisfies the dual constraints of minimizing the error and maximizing the sparsity of the target trajectory in the space-time tensor field. The calculated optimal path is constructed into positioning trajectory data and output. At the same time, the local data gradient and error involved in the path are fed back to the cold atom inertial measurement module and the entangled photon ranging module to adaptively optimize the laser power and measurement cycle parameters.

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