Vehicle, ground power supply device and contactless power supply system

Abstract

A vehicle, a ground power supply device, and a contactless power supply system are provided. When the speed of the vehicle increases, the communication delay during wireless transmission may not be ignored, and the power supply control in the ground power supply device may become too late. A vehicle (3) that receives power from a ground power supply device (2) in a contactless manner comprises: a first communication device (71) on the vehicle side that communicates directly or indirectly with the ground power supply device using wide-area wireless communication; a second communication device (72) on the vehicle side that communicates directly with the ground power supply device using narrow-area wireless communication; and a control device (34) that, when receiving power from the ground power supply device, causes the first communication device on the vehicle side to send vehicle information associated with vehicle identification information to the ground power supply device, and, after the first communication device on the vehicle side has sent the vehicle information, causes the second communication device on the vehicle side to send vehicle identification information to the ground power supply device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a vehicle, a ground power supply device, and a contactless power supply system. Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there is a known non-contact power supply system that uses a transmission method such as magnetic field coupling (electromagnetic induction), electric field coupling, magnetic field resonance coupling (magnetic field resonance), and electric field resonance coupling (electric field resonance) to transmit power from a ground power supply device installed on the ground to a moving vehicle in a non-contact manner. In such a non-contact power supply system, in order to perform non-contact power transmission from the ground power supply device to the vehicle, it is necessary to send various vehicle information including vehicle identification information from the vehicle to the ground power supply device, and control the ground power supply device based on the vehicle information. As such a non-contact power supply system, the following non-contact power supply system is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1), which transmits power from the ground power supply device to the moving vehicle in a non-contact manner when a power supply request is wirelessly transmitted from the vehicle while the vehicle is moving.

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-157686 Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0006] However, when the speed of the vehicle increases, the communication delay during wireless transmission becomes non-negligible, and there is a possibility that the power supply control in the ground power supply device becomes too late.

[0007] Technical solutions to solve problems

[0008] The gist of the present disclosure is as follows.

[0009] (1) A vehicle that receives power from a ground power supply device in a non-contact manner, comprising:

[0010] a first communication device on the vehicle side, which communicates directly or indirectly with the ground power supply device using wide area wireless communication;

[0011] a second communication device on the vehicle side that directly communicates with the ground power supply device using narrow-area wireless communication; and

[0012] A control device, which, when receiving power from the ground power supply device, causes the first communication device on the vehicle side to send vehicle information associated with vehicle identification information to the ground power supply device, and after the first communication device on the vehicle side has sent the vehicle information, causes the second communication device on the vehicle side to send the vehicle identification information to the ground power supply device.

[0013] (2) The vehicle according to (1) above,

[0014] The wide area wireless communication is communication with a communication distance of more than 10 meters, and the narrow area wireless communication is communication with a communication distance of less than 10 meters.

[0015] (3) The vehicle according to (1) or (2) above,

[0016] The vehicle information includes information related to the status of the vehicle.

[0017] (4) The vehicle according to (3) above,

[0018] The state of the vehicle includes at least any one of a charge rate of a battery, a temperature of the battery, an allowable charging power, and a vehicle required power.

[0019] (5) The vehicle according to any one of (1) to (4) above,

[0020] The vehicle information includes information required when requesting a usage fee.

[0021] (6) The vehicle according to any one of (1) to (5) above,

[0022] The faster the speed of the vehicle, the longer the distance from the current position of the vehicle to the position of the ground power supply device when the vehicle information is transmitted to the ground power supply device by the vehicle-side first communication device.

[0023] (7) The vehicle according to any one of (1) to (6) above,

[0024] When the first communication device on the vehicle side receives the following notification, the control device starts the second communication device on the vehicle side so that the vehicle identification information can be sent to the ground power supply device when the vehicle approaches the ground power supply device. The notification is a notification indicating that the ground power supply device can work or is working so that the ground power supply device can receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle.

[0025] (8) The vehicle according to (7) above,

[0026] It also has a power receiving device for receiving power from the ground power supply device.

[0027] The control device activates the power receiving device so that the vehicle can receive the power from the ground power supply device when the vehicle is traveling on the ground power supply device when the first communication device on the vehicle side receives the following notification, which is a notification indicating that the ground power supply device can work or is working so that the ground power supply device can receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle using narrow-area wireless communication.

[0028] (9) The vehicle according to (7) or (8) above,

[0029] The notification indicating that the ground power supply device can work or is working so that the ground power supply device can receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle using narrow-area wireless communication is a notification that the vehicle identification information of the vehicle is registered in the list of vehicle identification information of vehicles stored in the ground power supply device and that have the possibility of being powered by the ground power supply device.

[0030] (10) A ground power supply device for transmitting power to a vehicle in a non-contact manner, comprising:

[0031] a second ground-side communication device that receives vehicle identification information from the vehicle via narrow-area wireless communication;

[0032] a power transmission device that transmits electric power to the vehicle; and

[0033] a control device for controlling the power transmission device,

[0034] The control device stores a list of vehicle identification information of vehicles that may be powered by the ground power supply device, and when the vehicle identification information received by the ground-side second communication device is registered in the list, the control device operates the power transmission device so that power can be transmitted to the vehicle when the vehicle is traveling on the ground power supply device.

[0035] (11) The ground power supply device according to (10) above,

[0036] The device further comprises a first ground-side communication device, wherein the first ground-side communication device receives vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information from the vehicle through wide area wireless communication.

[0037] The control device registers the vehicle identification information associated with the vehicle information received by the first ground-side communication device in the list.

[0038] (12) The ground power supply device according to (11) above,

[0039] When at least one piece of vehicle identification information is registered in the list, the control device operates the ground-side second communication device so as to be able to receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle.

[0040] (13) The ground power supply device according to (11) or (12) above,

[0041] When the vehicle identification information of the vehicle is registered in the list, the control device causes the ground-side first communication device to transmit a notification to the vehicle indicating that the vehicle identification information is registered in the list.

[0042] (14) The ground power supply device according to any one of (10) to (13) above,

[0043] The list includes registered vehicle identification information of vehicles located in a predetermined area around the ground power supply device.

[0044] (15) The ground power supply device according to (14) above,

[0045] The vehicle identification information of the vehicle that has driven out of the area around the ground power supply device is deleted from the list.

[0046] (16) A contactless power supply system comprising a vehicle and a ground power supply device for contactless power transmission to the vehicle,

[0047] The vehicle includes a first vehicle-side communication device, a second vehicle-side communication device, and a vehicle-side control device for controlling the first vehicle-side communication device and the second vehicle-side communication device.

[0048] The ground power supply device includes a first ground-side communication device and a second ground-side communication device.

[0049] The first communication device on the vehicle side communicates directly or indirectly with the first communication device on the ground side by using wide area wireless communication.

[0050] The second communication device on the vehicle side directly communicates with the second communication device on the ground side using narrow-area wireless communication.

[0051] When receiving power from the ground power supply device, the vehicle-side control device causes the vehicle-side first communication device to send vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information of the vehicle to the ground-side first communication device, and then causes the vehicle-side second communication device to send vehicle identification information to the ground-side second communication device.

[0052] (17) According to the non-contact power supply system described in (16),

[0053] The ground power supply device further includes a power transmission device for transmitting electric power to the vehicle and a ground-side control device for controlling the power transmission device.

[0054] The vehicle information includes the vehicle required power,

[0055] The ground-side control device controls contactless power supply from the power transmission device to the vehicle based on the vehicle's required power.

[0056] (18) The contactless power supply system according to (16) or (17),

[0057] The contactless power supply system further includes a server that communicates with the vehicle through wide area wireless communication and communicates with the ground power supply device.

[0058] The first communication device on the vehicle side transmits the vehicle information to the first communication device on the ground side via the server,

[0059] The faster the speed of the vehicle, the longer the distance from the current position of the vehicle to the position of the ground power supply device when the server transmits the vehicle information to the ground power supply device.

[0060] Effects of the Invention

[0061] According to the present disclosure, by using two communication means, namely, wide area wireless communication and narrow area wireless communication, it is possible to reliably perform power supply control in a ground power supply device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 It is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a contactless power supply system.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the controller and the devices connected to the controller.

[0064] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ECU and devices connected to the ECU.

[0065] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of magnetic field detectors installed on a road.

[0066] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a communication system used in a contactless power supply system.

[0067] Figure 6 This is a diagram schematically showing the hardware configuration of a server.

[0068] Figure 7This is an operation sequence diagram related to communication among a vehicle, a server, and a ground power supply device using wide area wireless communication.

[0069] Figure 8 It is related to the communication between vehicles, servers and ground power supply devices using wide area wireless communication. Figure 7 Same action timing diagram.

[0070] Fig. 9 This is a flowchart showing the flow of processing related to communication using wide area wireless communication in a server.

[0071] Fig.10 This is a flowchart showing the flow of processing related to communication using wide area wireless communication in a ground power supply device.

[0072] Fig.11 This is a diagram schematically showing the movement and state transition of the vehicle and the ground power supply device when the vehicle approaches the ground power supply device and power is supplied.

[0073] Fig.12 This is a diagram schematically showing the state and operation transition of the ground power supply device.

[0074] Fig.13 This is a diagram schematically showing the state and operation transition of the ground power supply device.

[0075] Fig.14 This is a diagram schematically showing the state and transition of the vehicle.

[0076] Fig.15 This is a flowchart showing the flow of operations related to execution of the power reception end process.

[0077] Description of symbols

[0078] 1. Contactless power supply system

[0079] 2 Ground power supply device

[0080] 3 Vehicles

[0081] 4 Power transmission device

[0082] 5 Power receiving device

[0083] 22 Controller

[0084] 34 ECU

[0085] 71 Vehicle side first communication device

[0086] 72 Vehicle side second communication device

[0087] 81 First communication device on the ground side

[0088] 82 Second communication device on the ground side DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components.

[0090] <Overall Configuration of Contactless Power Supply System 1>

[0091] Figure 1 It is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a contactless power supply system 1. The contactless power supply system 1 has a ground power supply device 2 and a vehicle 3 traveling on a road 100, and performs contactless power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 based on magnetic field resonant coupling (magnetic field resonance). In particular, in the present embodiment, the contactless power supply system 1 performs contactless power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 while the vehicle 3 is traveling. Therefore, the ground power supply device 2 transmits power to the vehicle 3 in a contactless manner while the vehicle 3 is traveling, and the vehicle 3 receives power from the ground power supply device 2 in a contactless manner while the vehicle 3 is traveling. The ground power supply device 2 has a power transmission device 4 configured to transmit power to the vehicle 3 in a contactless manner, and the vehicle 3 has a power receiving device 5 configured to receive power from the power transmission device 4 in a contactless manner. As Figure 1 As shown, the power transmission device 4 is buried in the road 100 (underground) on which the vehicle 3 travels, for example, in the center of the lane on which the vehicle 3 travels.

[0092] The term "traveling" means a state where the vehicle 3 is on the road for traveling. Therefore, the term "traveling" includes not only a state where the vehicle 3 is actually traveling at any speed greater than zero, but also a state where the vehicle 3 is stopped on the road, for example, waiting for a traffic light. On the other hand, even if the vehicle 3 is on the road, for example, in a parking state, it is not included in traveling.

[0093] <Configuration of ground power supply equipment>

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, the ground power supply device 2 includes a power supply 21 and a controller 22 in addition to the power transmission device 4. The power supply 21 and the controller 22 may be buried in the road 100 or may be arranged at a location different from the road 100 (including the ground).

[0095] The power supply 21 supplies power to the power transmission device 4. The power supply 21 is, for example, a commercial AC power supply that supplies single-phase AC power. The power supply 21 may be another AC power supply that supplies three-phase AC power, or a DC power supply such as a fuel cell.

[0096] The power transmission device 4 transmits the electric power supplied from the power supply 21 to the vehicle 3. The power transmission device 4 includes a power transmission side rectification circuit 41, a converter 42, and a power transmission side resonance circuit 43. In the power transmission device 4, the AC power supplied from the power supply 21 is rectified in the power transmission side rectification circuit 41 and converted into a DC current, and the DC current is converted into AC power in the converter 42, and the AC power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43.

[0097] The power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 is electrically connected to the power source 21 and the converter 42. The power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 rectifies the AC power supplied from the power source 21, converts it into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the converter 42. The power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 is, for example, an AC / DC converter.

[0098] The converter 42 is electrically connected to the power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 and the power transmission side resonant circuit 43. The converter 42 converts the DC power supplied from the power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 into AC power (high frequency power) having a higher frequency than the AC power of the power source 21, and supplies the high frequency power to the power transmission side resonant circuit 43.

[0099] The power transmission side resonance circuit 43 has a resonator composed of a coil 44 and a capacitor 45. Various parameters of the coil 44 and the capacitor 45 (the outer diameter and inner diameter of the coil 44, the number of turns of the coil 44, the electrostatic capacitance of the capacitor 45, etc.) are determined so that the resonance frequency of the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 becomes a predetermined setting value. The predetermined setting value is, for example, 10kHz to 100GHz, preferably 85kHz determined by the SAE TIR J2954 standard as a frequency band for contactless power transmission.

[0100] The power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is arranged in the center of the lane through which the vehicle 3 passes so that the center of the coil 44 is located in the center of the lane. When the high frequency power supplied from the converter 42 is applied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 generates an AC magnetic field for transmitting power. In addition, when the power supply 21 is a DC power supply, the power transmission side rectifier circuit 41 can also be omitted.

[0101] The controller 22 is, for example, a general-purpose computer, and performs various controls on the ground power supply device 2. For example, the controller 22 is electrically connected to the converter 42 of the power transmission device 4, and controls the converter 42 in order to control the power transmission by the power transmission device 4. Furthermore, the controller 22 controls the ground-side first communication device 81 and the ground-side second communication device 82 described later.

[0102] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the controller 22 and devices connected to the controller 22. The controller 22 includes a communication interface 221, a memory 222, and a processor 223. The communication interface 221, the memory 222, and the processor 223 are connected to each other via a signal line.

[0103] The communication interface 221 has an interface circuit for connecting the controller 22 to various devices (such as the converter 42, the ground sensor 23 described later, the first ground communication device 81, and the second ground communication device 82) constituting the ground power supply device 2. The controller 22 communicates with other devices via the communication interface 221.

[0104] The memory 222 includes, for example, a volatile semiconductor memory (such as RAM), a nonvolatile semiconductor memory (such as ROM), etc. The memory 222 stores computer programs for executing various processes in the processor 223, various data used when the processor 223 executes various processes, etc. The memory 222 stores, for example, a list of vehicle identification information of vehicles that may be powered by the ground power supply device 2 (hereinafter referred to as an "identification information list") and vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered.

[0105] The processor 223 has one or more CPUs (Central Processing Units) and their peripheral circuits. The processor 223 may also have a calculation circuit such as a logic calculation unit or a numerical calculation unit. The processor 223 executes various processes based on the computer program stored in the memory 222.

[0106] In addition, if Figure 2 As shown, the ground power supply device 2 is further provided with a ground-side sensor 23. The ground-side sensor 23 detects the state of the ground power supply device 2. In the present embodiment, the ground-side sensor 23 includes, for example, a power transmission device current sensor for detecting the current flowing in various devices of the power transmission device 4 (particularly the power transmission side resonant circuit 43, the converter 42, and the power transmission side rectifier circuit 41), a power transmission device voltage sensor for detecting the voltage applied to the various devices of the power transmission device 4, a power transmission device temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the various devices of the power transmission device 4, a foreign matter sensor for detecting foreign matter on the road where the power transmission device 4 is buried, and a biological body sensor for detecting a biological body on the road where the power transmission device 4 is buried. The output of the ground-side sensor 23 is input to the controller 22.

[0107] In addition, the power transmission device 4 may be configured to receive power from the vehicle 3. In this case, the power transmission device 4 has a device or circuit for supplying the received power to the power source 21, similarly to the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 described later. In this case, the power transmission device 4 may also use a resonator composed of the coil 44 and the capacitor 45 described above in order to receive power from the vehicle 3.

[0108] <Vehicle Configuration>

[0109] On the other hand, Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle 3 has a motor 31, a battery 32, a power control unit (PCU) 33, and an electronic control unit (ECU) 34 in addition to the power receiving device 5. In the present embodiment, the vehicle 3 is an electric vehicle (EV) in which the motor 31 drives the vehicle 3. However, the vehicle 3 may be a hybrid vehicle (HV) in which the internal combustion engine drives the vehicle 3 in addition to the motor 31.

[0110] The motor 31 is, for example, an AC synchronous motor, and functions as an electric motor and a generator. When the motor 31 functions as an electric motor, it is driven by the power stored in the battery 32 as a power source. The output of the motor 31 is transmitted to the wheels 30 via the speed reducer and the axle. On the other hand, when the vehicle 3 decelerates, the motor 31 is driven by the rotation of the wheels 30, and the motor 31 functions as a generator to generate regenerative power.

[0111] The battery 32 is a rechargeable secondary battery, such as a lithium-ion battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, etc. The battery 32 stores the power required for the vehicle 3 to travel (such as the driving power of the motor 31). The battery 32 is charged when the power received by the power receiving device 5 from the power transmitting device 4 is supplied. In addition, when the regenerative power generated by the motor 31 is supplied to the battery 32, the battery 32 is charged. When the battery 32 is charged, the charging rate (SOC: State Of Charge) of the battery 32 is restored. In addition, the battery 32 can also be charged by an external power source other than the ground power supply device 2 via a charging port provided on the vehicle 3.

[0112] PCU 33 is electrically connected to the battery 32 and the motor 31. PCU 33 has a converter, a boost converter, and a DC / DC converter. The converter converts the DC power supplied from the battery 32 into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the motor 31. On the other hand, the converter converts the AC power (regenerative power) generated by the motor 31 into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the battery 32. When the power stored in the battery 32 is supplied to the motor 31, the boost converter boosts the voltage of the battery 32 as needed. When the power stored in the battery 32 is supplied to the electronic equipment such as the headlight, the DC / DC converter steps down the voltage of the battery 32.

[0113] The power receiving device 5 receives electric power from the power transmitting device 4 and supplies the received electric power to the battery 32. The power receiving device 5 includes a power receiving-side resonance circuit 51, a power receiving-side rectification circuit 54, and a charging circuit 55.

[0114] The power receiving side resonance circuit 51 is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle 3 so that the distance from the road surface is small. In the present embodiment, the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 is arranged at the center of the vehicle 3 in the vehicle width direction. The power receiving side resonance circuit 51 has the same structure as the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, and has a resonator composed of a coil 52 and a capacitor 53. Various parameters of the coil 52 and the capacitor 53 (the outer diameter and inner diameter of the coil 52, the number of turns of the coil 52, the electrostatic capacity of the capacitor 53, etc.) are determined so that the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 coincides with the resonance frequency of the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43. In addition, if the deviation between the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 and the resonance frequency of the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 is small, for example, if the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 is within the range of ±20% of the resonance frequency of the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 does not necessarily have to coincide with the resonance frequency of the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43.

[0115] In such Figure 1 As shown, when the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 are opposed to each other, when the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 generates an AC magnetic field, the vibration of the AC magnetic field is transmitted to the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 which resonates at the same resonance frequency as the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43. As a result, an induced current flows in the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 by electromagnetic induction, and an induced electromotive force is generated in the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 by the induced current. That is, the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 transmits electric power to the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51, and the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 receives electric power from the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43.

[0116] The receiving-side rectifier circuit 54 is electrically connected to the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the charging circuit 55. The receiving-side rectifier circuit 54 rectifies the AC power supplied from the receiving-side resonance circuit 51, converts it into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the charging circuit 55. The receiving-side rectifier circuit 54 is, for example, an AC / DC converter.

[0117] The charging circuit 55 is electrically connected to the power receiving side rectifier circuit 54 and the battery 32. In particular, it is connected to the battery 32 via the relay 38. The charging circuit 55 converts the DC power supplied from the power receiving side rectifier circuit 54 into the voltage level of the battery 32 and supplies it to the battery 32. When the power transmitted from the power transmission device 4 is supplied to the battery 32 through the power receiving device 5, the battery 32 is charged. The charging circuit 55 is, for example, a DC / DC converter.

[0118] The ECU 34 performs various controls on the vehicle 3. For example, the ECU 34 is electrically connected to the charging circuit 55 of the power receiving device 5, and controls the charging circuit 55 to control the charging of the battery 32 using the power transmitted from the power transmitting device 4. In addition, the ECU 34 is electrically connected to the PCU 33, and controls the PCU 33 to control the exchange of power between the battery 32 and the motor 31. Furthermore, the ECU 34 controls the first vehicle-side communication device 71 and the second vehicle-side communication device 72 described later.

[0119] Figure 3 34 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the ECU 34 and devices connected to the ECU 34. The ECU 34 includes a communication interface 341, a memory 342, and a processor 343. The communication interface 341, the memory 342, and the processor 343 are connected to each other via a signal line.

[0120] The communication interface 341 has an interface circuit for connecting the ECU 34 to an in-vehicle network conforming to a standard such as CAN (Controller Area Network). The ECU 34 communicates with other devices via the communication interface 341 .

[0121] The memory 342 includes, for example, a volatile semiconductor memory (eg, RAM) and a nonvolatile semiconductor memory (eg, ROM), and stores computer programs for executing various processes in the processor 343, various data used when the processor 343 executes various processes, and the like.

[0122] The processor 343 includes one or more CPUs (Central Processing Units) and peripheral circuits thereof. The processor 343 may also include a calculation circuit such as a logic calculation unit or a numerical calculation unit. The processor 343 executes various processes based on the computer program stored in the memory 342 .

[0123] In addition, if Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle 3 further includes a GNSS receiver 35, a storage device 36, a plurality of vehicle-side sensors 37, and a relay 38. The GNSS receiver 35, the storage device 36, the vehicle-side sensors 37, and the relay 38 are electrically connected to the ECU 34 via an in-vehicle network.

[0124] The GNSS receiver 35 detects the current position of the vehicle 3 (e.g., the latitude and longitude of the vehicle 3) based on the positioning information obtained from multiple (e.g., more than three) positioning satellites. Specifically, the GNSS receiver 35 captures multiple positioning satellites and receives radio waves sent from the positioning satellites. In addition, the GNSS receiver 35 calculates the distance to the positioning satellite based on the difference between the transmission time and the reception time of the radio wave, and detects the current position of the vehicle 3 based on the distance to the positioning satellite and the position of the positioning satellite (orbital information). The output of the GNSS receiver 35, that is, the current position of the vehicle 3 detected by the GNSS receiver 35, is sent to the ECU 34. As the GNSS receiver 35, for example, a GPS receiver can be used.

[0125] The storage device 36 stores data. The storage device 36 has, for example, a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state hard disk drive (SSD), or an optical recording medium. In the present embodiment, the storage device 36 stores map information. In the map information, in addition to information related to the road, information such as the installation location information of the ground power supply device 2 is also included. ECU34 obtains the map information from the storage device 36. In addition, the map information may not be included in the storage device 36. In this case, ECU34 may also obtain the map information from the outside of the vehicle 3 (for example, the server 91 described later) via the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side.

[0126] The vehicle-side sensor 37 detects the state of the vehicle 3. In the present embodiment, the vehicle-side sensor 37 includes, as sensors for detecting the state of the vehicle 3, a speed sensor for detecting the speed of the vehicle 3, a battery temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery 32, a power receiving device temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of various devices of the power receiving device 5 (particularly, the power receiving-side resonant circuit 51 and the power receiving-side rectifier circuit 54), a battery current sensor for detecting the charging current value and the discharging current value of the battery 32, a power receiving device current sensor for detecting the current flowing in the various devices of the power receiving device 5, and a power receiving device voltage sensor for detecting the voltage applied to the various devices of the power receiving device 5. The output of the vehicle-side sensor 37 is input to the ECU 34.

[0127] The relay 38 is disposed between the battery 32 and the power receiving device 5, and connects and disconnects the battery 32 and the power receiving device 5. When the relay 38 is connected, the power received by the power receiving device 5 is supplied to the battery 32. However, when the relay 38 is disconnected, no current flows from the power receiving device 5 to the battery 32, and thus the power receiving device 5 becomes substantially unable to receive power.

[0128] In addition, the power receiving device 5 may be configured to be able to transmit power to the ground power supply device 2. In this case, the power receiving device 5 has a structure for transmitting the power of the battery 32 to the ground power supply device 2, similarly to the power transmitting device 4 of the ground power supply device 2. In this case, the power receiving device 5 may also use the resonator composed of the above-mentioned coil 52 and capacitor 53 to transmit power to the ground power supply device 2.

[0129] <Configuration of lateral deviation detection device>

[0130] In order to efficiently perform contactless power transmission, the positional deviation between the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 and the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 needs to be small. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the contactless power supply system 1 has a lateral deviation detection device for detecting the positional deviation (hereinafter referred to as "lateral deviation") between the power transmission device 4 and the power receiving device 5 in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vehicle 3. In particular, in the present embodiment, the lateral deviation detection device includes an AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 and an AC power generating circuit 64 provided in the vehicle 3, and a magnetic field detector 66 provided in the ground power supply device 2.

[0131] The AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 generates an AC magnetic field (hereinafter referred to as "AC magnetic field for lateral deviation detection") for detecting the relative positional relationship between the power transmission device 4 (particularly the power transmission side resonance circuit 43) and the power receiving device 5 (particularly the power receiving side resonance circuit 51). The AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle 3 so that the distance from the road surface becomes small. In the present embodiment, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 is arranged in the center of the vehicle 3 in the vehicle width direction and in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3 at a position forward of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51. In addition, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 may be arranged in the same position as the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 or in a position backward of the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3.

[0132] The AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 has the same structure as the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, and has a resonator composed of a coil 62 and a capacitor 63. Various parameters of the coil 62 and the capacitor 63 (the outer diameter and inner diameter of the coil 62, the number of turns of the coil 62, the electrostatic capacitance of the capacitor 63, etc.) are determined so that the resonance frequency of the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 becomes a predetermined set value. The predetermined set value is set to a value different from the resonance frequency of the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, that is, the resonance frequency of the magnetic field resonance coupling. In addition, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 does not necessarily need to generate a magnetic field through resonance, and thus, the capacitor 63 may not be present.

[0133] The AC power generation circuit 64 is electrically connected to the battery 32 and the AC magnetic field generation circuit 61. The AC power generation circuit 64 generates AC power and supplies the AC power to the AC magnetic field generation circuit 61. For example, the AC power generation circuit 64 includes an oscillation circuit and an amplifier. The oscillation circuit is composed of, for example, a converter, and converts the DC power supplied from the battery 32 into AC power of a predetermined frequency. The amplifier amplifies the output power (AC power) of the oscillation circuit.

[0134] like Figure 1 As shown, the AC power generation circuit 64 is electrically connected to the ECU 34, and the ECU 34 controls the AC power generation circuit 64. Based on the instruction from the ECU 34, the AC power generation circuit 64 converts the DC power supplied from the battery 32 into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the AC magnetic field generation circuit 61.

[0135] The magnetic field detector 66 detects the surrounding magnetic field. The magnetic field detector 66 is, for example, a magnetoresistive (MI: Magneto-Impedance) sensor. For example, the driving power of the magnetic field detector 66 is supplied to the magnetic field detector 66 via a driving circuit from the power supply 21 or the like. In addition, the magnetic field detector 66 may also be a Hall sensor, a magnetoresistive effect (MR: Magneto Resistive) sensor, or the like.

[0136] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of magnetic field detectors 66 installed on a road 100. Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic field detector 66 is arranged in a road where the power transmission device 4 is installed, at a position closer to the front than the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the power transmission device 4 in the direction of travel of the vehicle 3. In addition, a plurality of magnetic field detectors are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle 3. In particular, in the present embodiment, a plurality of magnetic field detectors 66 are separated from each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle 3, for example, arranged at equal intervals in the direction. In addition, the magnetic field detector 66 is arranged in the ground (under the road surface) or on the road surface. When an AC magnetic field for lateral deviation detection is emitted from the vehicle 3 around the magnetic field detector 66, the magnetic field detector 66 detects the AC magnetic field for position deviation detection.

[0137] The magnetic field detector 66 is electrically connected to the controller 22, and the output of the magnetic field detector 66 is sent to the controller 22. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the output from the magnetic field detector 66 is input to the controller 22, and the controller 22 detects the presence or absence of lateral deviation between the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, that is, the presence or absence of lateral deviation between the power transmitting device 4 and the power receiving device 5 based on the output.

[0138] In the lateral deviation detection device configured in this way, the lateral deviation between the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vehicle 3 is detected based on the intensity of the magnetic field detected by the plurality of magnetic field detectors 66 arranged when the vehicle 3 passes over the ground power supply device 2. When the lateral deviation between the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 is small, that is, when the vehicle 3 is traveling near the center of the lane, the intensity of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field detector 66 arranged in the center of the lane becomes the strongest. On the other hand, when the lateral deviation between the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 is large, that is, when the vehicle 3 is traveling away from the center of the lane, the intensity of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field detector 66 arranged away from the center of the lane becomes the strongest. In this way, the lateral deviation detection device can detect the presence or absence of the lateral deviation between the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43, that is, the presence or absence of the lateral deviation between the power transmitting device 4 and the power receiving device 5.

[0139] In addition, in the present embodiment, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 is provided in the vehicle 3, and the magnetic field detector 66 is provided in the ground power supply device 2. However, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 may be provided in the ground power supply device 2, and the magnetic field detector may be provided in the vehicle 3. In this case, based on the output of the magnetic field detector provided in the vehicle 3, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 detects the presence or absence of the lateral deviation between the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 and the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43.

[0140] In addition, in the present embodiment, the lateral deviation detection device uses a magnetic field to detect the presence or absence of lateral deviation. However, the lateral deviation detection device may also use a method other than a magnetic field to detect lateral deviation, for example, a sonar using ultrasonic waves, etc. In addition, in the present embodiment, the lateral deviation detection device detects the presence or absence of lateral deviation, but it may also detect the lateral deviation amount of the vehicle 3 from the center of the lane. In this case, when the lateral deviation amount detected by the lateral deviation detection device is greater than a predetermined reference value, the lateral deviation detection device determines that a lateral deviation has occurred.

[0141] <Communication system configuration>

[0142] In such Figure 1 In the contactless power supply system 1 shown, in order to perform contactless power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, the ground power supply device 2 needs to identify the vehicle 3 traveling on the power transmission device 4, and also needs information such as the power required to be supplied by the vehicle 3. Therefore, in order to perform such contactless power transmission, various vehicle information including vehicle identification information needs to be sent from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2, and the ground power supply device 2 needs to receive the vehicle information sent from the vehicle 3.

[0143] In order to identify the vehicle 3 traveling on the power transmission device 4, the ground power supply device 2 needs to receive vehicle identification information only from the vehicle 3 traveling near the ground power supply device 2. On the other hand, when the speed of the vehicle 3 increases, it may become impossible to receive all vehicle information including the required power supply from the vehicle 3 while the vehicle 3 is traveling near the ground power supply device 2.

[0144] Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the vehicle 3 is somewhat away from the installation position of the ground power supply device 2, the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device through the wide area wireless communication. Furthermore, when the vehicle 3 approaches the installation position of the ground power supply device 2, or when the vehicle 3 reaches the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, the vehicle identification information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 through the narrow area wireless communication. That is, in the present embodiment, after the vehicle information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 through the wide area wireless communication in advance, the vehicle identification information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 through the narrow area wireless communication.

[0145] Here, the vehicle identification information is information for identifying the vehicle 3 , for example, a vehicle ID. The vehicle identification information is stored in advance in the memory 342 of the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 .

[0146] In addition, the vehicle information is information of the vehicle 3 related to power transmission, including vehicle identification information. The vehicle information includes, for example, the power (or power amount) required to be received from the ground power supply device 2, that is, the vehicle required power (or vehicle required power amount). The vehicle required power is calculated in the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3. In addition, the vehicle information may also include information related to the state of the vehicle such as the state of the power receiving device 5 (the connection state of the battery 32 and the power receiving device 5), the charge rate SOC of the battery 32, the temperature of the battery 32, and the allowable charging power Win. In this case, the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 is calculated in the ECU 34 based on the charging current value and the discharge current value of the battery 32 detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (battery current sensor). In addition, the temperature of the battery 32 is detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (battery temperature sensor). In addition, the allowable charging power Win represents the maximum value of the charging power for preventing the metal lithium from being deposited on the negative electrode surface of the lithium-ion battery, and the allowable charging power Win is calculated in the ECU 34 based on the charging history of the battery 32, the charge rate SOC of the battery 32, and the temperature of the battery 32.

[0147] The vehicle information includes the current position information of the vehicle 3. The current position information of the vehicle 3 is calculated in the ECU 34 based on the output of the GNSS receiver 35. Furthermore, the vehicle information may include information related to the power receiving device 5, such as various parameters of the coil 44 and the capacitor 45 of the power receiving device 5 (the outer diameter and inner diameter of the coil 44, the number of turns of the coil 44, the electrostatic capacity of the capacitor 45, etc.), the height of the coil 44 from the ground, and the resonant frequency of the power receiving side resonant circuit 51. Such vehicle information is pre-stored in the memory 342 of the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3. Furthermore, the vehicle information may include user information required when requesting the use fee, such as authentication information for specifying the user's settlement account. Such vehicle information is registered in advance by the user through the input device of the vehicle 3, for example, or by inserting a card with authentication information into a card reader provided in the vehicle 3.

[0148] Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of the communication system used in the contactless power supply system 1. Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle 3 has a first vehicle-side communication device 71 for performing wide-area wireless communication and a second vehicle-side communication device 72 for performing narrow-area wireless communication. The first vehicle-side communication device 71 and the second vehicle-side communication device 72 are connected to the ECU 34 via the in-vehicle network. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the ground power supply device 2 has a ground-side first communication device 81 for performing wide-area wireless communication and a ground-side second communication device 82 for performing narrow-area wireless communication. These ground-side first communication device 81 and ground-side second communication device 82 are electrically connected to the controller 22 by wired means. In particular, in this embodiment, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 and the ground-side first communication device 81 directly or indirectly perform unidirectional or bidirectional communication using wide-area wireless communication. In addition, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the ground-side second communication device 82 directly perform unidirectional or bidirectional communication using narrow-area wireless communication.

[0149] Wide-area wireless communication is communication with a longer communication distance than narrow-area wireless communication, specifically, for example, communication with a communication distance of 10 meters to 10 kilometers. As wide-area wireless communication, various wireless communications with long communication distances can be used, for example, communications that comply with any communication standards such as 4G, LTE, 5G, WiMAX, etc. established by 3GPP and IEEE can be used. As described above, in this embodiment, vehicle information associated with vehicle identification information is sent from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 using wide-area wireless communication.

[0150] In this embodiment, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3 communicates with the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 via a server 91. Specifically, the server 91 is connected to a plurality of wireless base stations 93 via a communication network 92 composed of an optical communication line or the like. The vehicle-side first communication device 71 and the ground-side first communication device 81 communicate with the wireless base station 93 using wide-area wireless communication. Therefore, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3 and the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 communicate using wide-area wireless communication.

[0151] In addition, the first ground-side communication device 81 may be connected to the communication network 92 in a wired manner. Therefore, the first ground-side communication device 81 may be connected to the server 91 in a wired manner instead of a wireless manner. In addition, the first vehicle-side communication device 71 may communicate with the first ground-side communication device 81 directly in a wireless manner or via a communication network without passing through the server 91. Therefore, the server 91 communicates with the vehicle 3 through wide area wireless communication, and communicates with the ground power supply device 2 in a wireless manner or a wired manner.

[0152] Figure 6 91 is a diagram schematically showing the hardware structure of the server 91. Figure 6 As shown, the server 91 includes an external communication module 911, a storage device 912, and a processor 913. In addition, the server 91 may also include an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse, and an output device such as a display.

[0153] The external communication module 911 communicates with devices (ground power supply device 2, vehicle 3, etc.) outside the server 91. The external communication module 911 has an interface circuit for connecting the server 91 to the communication network 92. The external communication module 911 is configured to be able to communicate with multiple vehicles 3 and ground power supply devices 2 via the communication network 92 and the wireless base station 93.

[0154] The storage device 912 has a volatile semiconductor memory (such as RAM), a nonvolatile semiconductor memory (such as ROM), a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state hard disk drive (SSD), or an optical recording medium. The storage device 912 stores computer programs for the processor 913 to perform various processes, and various data used when the processor 913 performs various processes. In addition, in this embodiment, the storage device 912 stores map information. In the map information, in addition to information related to the road, information such as the installation location information of the ground power supply device 2 is also included.

[0155] The processor 913 has one or more CPUs and their peripheral circuits. The processor 913 may also have a GPU or an arithmetic circuit such as a logical operation unit or a numerical operation unit. The processor 913 performs various arithmetic processing based on a computer program stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91.

[0156] Narrow-area wireless communication refers to communication with a shorter communication distance than wide-area wireless communication, and specifically, for example, refers to communication with a communication distance of less than 10 meters. As narrow-area wireless communication, various short-range wireless communications with short communication distances can be used, for example, communications that comply with any communication standards established by IEEE, ISO, IEC, etc. (for example, Bluetooth (registered trademark), ZigBee (registered trademark)) can be used. In addition, as a technology for performing narrow-area wireless communication, for example, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), DSRC (dedicated Short Range Communication), etc. can be used. As described above, in the present embodiment, vehicle identification information is sent from the vehicle 3 to the ground power supply device 2 using narrow-area wireless communication.

[0157] In this embodiment, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 of the vehicle 3 and the ground-side second communication device 82 of the ground power supply device 2 directly communicate through narrow-area wireless communication. In this embodiment, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 sends a signal including vehicle identification information, and the ground-side second communication device 82 receives a signal including vehicle identification information.

[0158] The second communication device 72 on the vehicle side has an antenna that generates radio waves or magnetic fields and a transmission circuit that supplies power or current to the antenna. The transmission circuit has an oscillation circuit, a modulation circuit, and an amplifier circuit. The modulation circuit modulates the carrier generated by the oscillation circuit according to the vehicle identification information, and the modulated carrier is amplified by the amplifier circuit to flow the AC current (AC power) obtained by flowing to the antenna. As a result, radio waves or magnetic fields are generated in the antenna.

[0159] The second ground-side communication device 82 has an antenna for receiving radio waves or magnetic fields, and a receiving circuit for extracting information from the radio waves or magnetic fields received by the antenna. The receiving circuit has an amplifier circuit and a demodulation circuit, and the information (here, vehicle identification information) contained in the signal is extracted by amplifying the weak current generated by the radio waves or magnetic fields received by the antenna with the amplifier circuit and demodulating the amplified signal with the demodulation circuit.

[0160] In addition, the communication between the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the ground-side second communication device 82 can be performed by radio waves or by magnetic fields (i.e., by electromagnetic induction). In particular, when the frequency of the carrier wave is low (e.g., 50 Hz to 50 kHz), communication is performed by magnetic fields. In this case, a coil can be used as an antenna.

[0161] In addition, in this embodiment, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 transmits a signal, and the ground-side second communication device 82 receives the signal. However, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 may also have a receiving circuit so that it can receive after transmitting a signal, and the ground-side second communication device 82 may also have a transmitting circuit so that it can transmit after receiving a signal.

[0162] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side and the second communication device 82 on the ground side are provided in the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 as devices different from the lateral deviation detection device. However, the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 of the lateral deviation detection device may be used as the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side, and the magnetic field detector 66 of the lateral deviation detection device may be used as the second communication device 82 on the ground side. In this case, in the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61, an AC magnetic field is generated by an AC current modulated according to the vehicle identification information, and in the magnetic field detector 66, the vehicle identification information is extracted by demodulating the AC current generated by the detected AC magnetic field. Therefore, in this case, the lateral deviation is detected based on the intensity of the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field detector 66, and the vehicle identification information is extracted from the signal contained in the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field detector 66.

[0163] <General flow of power supply>

[0164] Next, in the contactless power supply system 1 of the present embodiment, a schematic flow of control when contactless power transmission is performed from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 will be described.

[0165] When contactless power transmission is performed from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, first, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 causes the vehicle-side first communication device 71 to send vehicle information associated with vehicle identification information to the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2. When the vehicle-side first communication device 71 sends the vehicle information associated with vehicle identification information, the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 receives such vehicle information via wide area wireless communication. In particular, in the present embodiment, the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 receives vehicle information of a vehicle 3 located in a predetermined vicinity around the ground power supply device 2.

[0166] As described above, the memory 222 of the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 stores the identification information list of the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 that may be powered by the ground power supply device. When the ground-side first communication device 81 receives the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information from the vehicle 3, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 registers the vehicle identification information associated with the vehicle information in the identification information list. In particular, in the present embodiment, the ground-side first communication device 81 receives the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity, and therefore, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity is registered in the identification information list.

[0167] When the vehicle identification information of even one vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 operates the ground-side second communication device 82 (set to the "reception standby state" described later) so as to enable communication with the vehicle-side second communication device 72, that is, to enable reception of the vehicle identification information from the vehicle-side second communication device 72. When the ground-side second communication device 82 operates in this way, if the vehicle 3 to which the vehicle-side second communication device 72 is transmitting a signal including the vehicle identification information approaches, the ground-side second communication device 82 can receive the signal including the vehicle identification information transmitted by the vehicle-side second communication device 72.

[0168] In addition, when the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 has the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list, the ground-side first communication device 81 sends a notification to the vehicle 3 identified by the vehicle identification information that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list. In addition, when the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list as described above, the ground-side second communication device 82 operates. Therefore, the notification that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list can be said to be a notification indicating that the ground-side second communication device 82 can operate or is operating so that the ground power supply device 2 can receive the vehicle identification information using narrow-area wireless communication.

[0169] When the vehicle-side first communication device 71 receives a notification from the ground-side first communication device 81 via wide-area wireless communication that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 supplies power to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 to operate it when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2 so that a signal including the vehicle identification information can be sent to the ground-side second communication device 82 of the ground power supply device 2, and, when the vehicle 3 is traveling on the ground power supply device 2, supplies power to the power receiving device 5 to operate it so that it can receive power from the ground power supply device 2 (the "power receiving activation signal sending state" described later).

[0170] When the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2 while the vehicle-side second communication device 72 is operating to send a signal including vehicle identification information and the ground-side second communication device 82 is operating to enable communication with the vehicle-side second communication device 72 , the ground-side second communication device 82 receives a signal including vehicle identification information sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 of the vehicle 3 .

[0171] When the second communication device 82 on the ground side receives the vehicle identification information, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 compares the received vehicle identification information with the identification information list. And when the received vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list, when the vehicle 3 is traveling on the ground power supply device 2, power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 so that power can be transmitted to the vehicle 3 (set to the "power transmission active state" described later). In this way, the vehicle 3 moves in a state where power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 is in operation, and when the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 is located on the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2, power is supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Then, when the vehicle 3 moves and the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 is separated from the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, the power supply is terminated.

[0172] As described above, in this embodiment, when the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 is to receive power from the ground power supply device 2, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 sends the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information to the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2. Moreover, after the vehicle-side first communication device 71 sends the vehicle information, the ECU 34 causes the vehicle-side second communication device 72 to send the vehicle identification information to the ground-side second communication device 82 of the ground power supply device 2. As a result, the ground power supply device 2 needs to receive only the vehicle identification information via narrow-area wireless communication while the vehicle 3 is traveling near the ground power supply device 2, and does not need to receive other vehicle information via narrow-area wireless communication. Therefore, even if the speed of the vehicle 3 is slightly faster, the required information can be sent to the ground power supply device 2.

[0173] <Communication using wide area wireless communication>

[0174] Next, refer to Figure 7 to Figure 10 The communication among the vehicle 3 , the server 91 , and the ground power supply device 2 using wide area wireless communication and the operations of the vehicle 3 , the server 91 , and the ground power supply device 2 related to the communication will be described. Figure 7 This is an operation sequence diagram regarding communication among the vehicle 3, the server 91, and the ground power supply device 2 using wide area wireless communication.

[0175] like Figure 7 As shown, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 obtains the vehicle information, and causes the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side to send the obtained vehicle information to the server 91 via wide area wireless communication (step S11). As described above, the vehicle information includes vehicle identification information, various parameters of the power receiving device 5, current position information of the vehicle 3, and other information of the vehicle 3 related to the vehicle required power and power transmission. The ECU 34 obtains the vehicle identification information and various parameters of the power receiving device 5 from the memory 342, and obtains the current position information of the vehicle 3 from the GNSS receiver 35. In addition, the ECU 34 calculates the vehicle required power based on various states of the vehicle 3. Specifically, the higher the charge rate SOC of the battery 32, the smaller the vehicle required power is set by the ECU 34, and the higher the temperature of the battery 32, the smaller the vehicle required power is set by the ECU 34.

[0176] In addition, the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 causes the vehicle-side first communication device 71 to transmit vehicle information at a predetermined time interval. The time interval is always constant. Alternatively, the time interval may be changed according to the situation. In this case, specifically, for example, the shorter the distance from the current position of the vehicle 3 obtained by the GNSS receiver 35 to the installation position of the ground power supply device 2 stored in the storage device 36 is, the shorter the time interval is set.

[0177] When the server 91 receives vehicle information from a plurality of vehicles 3 that can communicate with the server 91, the server 91 determines the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 based on the current location information of each vehicle 3 included in the vehicle information (step S12). Specifically, the server 91 determines the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 located in the predetermined vicinity around each ground power supply device 2 based on the current location information of each vehicle 3 included in the vehicle information received from each vehicle 3 and the installation location information of each ground power supply device 2 stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91.

[0178] The above-mentioned "nearby area" is set, for example, as an area within a predetermined distance (e.g., 500 m) from the target ground power supply device 2. Alternatively, the above-mentioned "nearby area" may be set as an area within a predetermined first distance from the target ground power supply device 2 with respect to the lane on which the vehicle 3 traveling toward the ground power supply device 2 travels, and may be set as an area within a predetermined second distance from the target ground power supply device 2 with respect to the lane on which the vehicle 3 traveling away from the ground power supply device 2 travels, which is shorter than the first distance.

[0179] In addition, the above-mentioned "nearby area" may be an area that is larger as the speed of the vehicle 3 is faster. Specifically, for example, when a certain area is set as the "predetermined area" for a vehicle 3 whose speed is less than a predetermined reference speed, an area that includes the above-mentioned certain area and is larger than the above-mentioned certain area is set as the "nearby area" for a vehicle whose speed is faster than the predetermined reference speed. In this case, the faster the speed of the vehicle 3, the longer the distance from the current position of the vehicle 3 to the installation position of the ground power supply device 2 when the vehicle-side first communication device 71 transmits vehicle information to the ground power supply device 2 via the server 91.

[0180] The server 91 specifies the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 at a predetermined time interval. The time interval is preferably about the same as the shortest time interval at which the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 transmits the vehicle information to the server 91.

[0181] When the server 91 determines the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2, the server 91 transmits the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 associated with the determined vehicle identification information to each ground power supply device 2 via the communication network 92 (step S13). Therefore, the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 is transmitted from the server 91 to each ground power supply device 2. The vehicle information transmitted at this time includes, in addition to the vehicle identification information, information required for the ground power supply device 2 to supply power to the vehicle 3.

[0182] When the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 receives the vehicle information from the server 91, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 registers or deletes the vehicle identification information in the identification information list based on the vehicle identification information associated with the received vehicle information (step S14). Specifically, in the present embodiment, the controller 22 registers or deletes the vehicle identification information in the identification information list so that the vehicle identification information associated with the received vehicle information is registered in the identification information list in the same state as that in the vehicle identification information.

[0183] When registering or deleting vehicle identification information from the identification information list, the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 causes the server 91 to send the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list to the first communication device 81 on the ground side via the communication network 92 (step S15). The controller 22 sends the vehicle identification information to the server 91 at a predetermined time interval. At this time, the controller 22 sends all registered vehicle identification information to the identification information list. In addition, the controller 22 may also send only the vehicle identification information newly registered in the identification information list and the vehicle identification information deleted from the identification information list. In this case, the controller 22 may also send the vehicle identification information to the server 91 instead of at a predetermined time interval, but whenever the vehicle identification information recorded in the identification information list changes.

[0184] When the server 91 receives the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list from the ground power supply device 2, it sends a notification to the vehicle 3 corresponding to the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list (hereinafter referred to as "list registration notification") (step S16). In the present embodiment, the list registration notification is sent at a certain time interval. The list registration notification may also include the identification information or setting location information of the ground power supply device 2 in which the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list. As a result, when the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2, the list registration notification is sent to the vehicle 3. On the other hand, when the vehicle identification information list of the vehicle 3 is not registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2, the list registration notification is not sent to the vehicle 3. Therefore, each vehicle 3 can always know whether its own vehicle identification information is registered in any ground power supply device 2. In addition, when only newly registered or deleted vehicle identification information is received from the server 91, the server 91 sends a notification to the vehicle 3 corresponding to the vehicle identification information that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list or a notification to the effect that the vehicle identification information is deleted from the identification information list.

[0185] exist Figure 7In the action sequence diagram shown, the registration / deletion of the vehicle identification information in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 is determined only based on whether the vehicle 3 is located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is basically deleted from the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 when the vehicle 3 is out of the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2. However, the registration / deletion of the vehicle identification information in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 may also be performed based on other factors. Specifically, for example, when the power supply to the vehicle 3 is terminated in a certain ground power supply device 2, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 may be deleted from the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2. In addition, when the vehicle 3 requests to delete the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 from the identification information list of a specific ground power supply device 2, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 may be deleted from the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2.

[0186] Figure 8 It is related to the communication among the vehicle 3, the server 91 and the ground power supply device 2 using wide area wireless communication. Figure 7 The same action sequence diagram. In particular, Figure 8 The operation after the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is completed is shown.

[0187] When the vehicle 3 finishes receiving power from the ground power supply device 2 (step S21), the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3 causes the vehicle-side first communication device 71 to send power reception end information to the server 91 (step S22). The power reception end information includes information related to the power reception from the ground power supply device 2. Specifically, the power reception end information includes, for example, vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3, the power received from the ground power supply device 2, the power reception efficiency, and abnormality detection results related to the power reception of the vehicle 3 during and before and after the power reception. In addition, in addition to this, the power reception end information may also include the power reception period (for example, the start time and the end time), the amount of power received from the ground power supply device 2, etc. The values ​​of various parameters included in the power reception end information are calculated by the ECU 34 based on the output of the vehicle-side sensor 37 during the power reception period from the ground power supply device 2.

[0188] In addition, when the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is completed (step S23), the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2 causes the ground-side first communication device 81 to send power supply completion information to the server 91 (step S24). The power supply completion information includes information related to power supply to the vehicle 3. Specifically, the power supply completion information includes, for example, identification information of the ground power supply device 2, vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3, power supply to the vehicle 3, power supply efficiency, and abnormality detection results related to power supply to the vehicle 3 during and before and after power supply. In addition, in addition to this, the power supply completion information may also include the power supply period (for example, the start time and the end time), the power supply amount to the vehicle 3, and the like. The values ​​of various parameters included in the power supply completion information are calculated by the controller 22 based on the output of the ground-side sensor 23 during the power supply period to the vehicle 3.

[0189] When receiving the power receiving end information and the power transmission end information of the same period for the same vehicle 3 from the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2, respectively, the server 91 performs power supply end processing for the corresponding power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 (step S25). In the power supply end processing, based on the power receiving end information and the power transmission end information, calculation of the amount of power supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, charging processing for the user of the vehicle 3 based on the calculated amount of power supplied, abnormality diagnosis of the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 and the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3, etc. are performed. The amount of power supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is calculated based on, for example, the time lapse of the power received from the ground power supply device 2 and the power transmitted to the vehicle 3. In addition, in the charging processing for the user of the vehicle 3, for example, the user's settlement account is charged according to the amount of power supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. In the abnormality diagnosis of the power transmitting device 4 and the power receiving device 5 , for example, when there is a large difference between the received power included in the power reception completion information and the transmitted power included in the power transmission completion information, it is diagnosed that there is an abnormality in the power transmitting device 4 or the power receiving device 5 .

[0190] In addition, the power supply end processing is performed each time the power supply to the vehicle 3 is completed in one ground power supply device 2, and each time the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 passes over one power transmission device 4. Therefore, in the power supply end processing, the power supply amount and the like are calculated with respect to the power supply to the vehicle 3 in one ground power supply device 2. However, the power supply end processing may be performed each time the power supply to the vehicle 3 is completed in a plurality of ground power supply devices 2, and each time the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 passes over a plurality of power transmission devices 4. In this case, in the power supply end processing, the total power supply amount and the like supplied to the vehicle 3 in the plurality of ground power supply devices 2 are calculated.

[0191] Regardless of the power supply end processing, Figure 7Similarly, the vehicle 3 sends the vehicle information to the server 91 (step S26), and Figure 7 Similarly, the server 91 determines the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 based on the vehicle information (step S27). Furthermore, when the power supply termination process has been performed on a certain vehicle 3 in a certain ground power supply device 2, the server 91 deletes the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 that has already been subjected to the power supply termination process from the vehicle identification information of the vehicles 3 in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 determined in step S27 (step S28).

[0192] Then, the server 91 sends the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 determined to be located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2, which is not deleted in step S28, to each ground power supply device 2 (step S29). Figure 7 The vehicle identification information in the identification information list is registered and deleted in the same manner as in step S14 (step S30). Figure 7 Similarly to step S15, the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list is sent (step S31), and Figure 7 In step S16, a list registration notification is sent in the same manner (step S32).

[0193] Alternatively, the server 91 may receive a request from the vehicle 3 to delete the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 from the identification information list of a specific ground power supply device 2 (for example, referring to Fig.14 In the case of an “identification information deletion request” described later, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is deleted from the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 in the same manner as step S28.

[0194] As a result, in the Figure 8 In the case of the processing shown, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2, whose power supply from the ground power supply device 2 has not been terminated, and whose identification information deletion request has not been made is registered in the identification information list. Furthermore, when the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2, the vehicle receives the list registration notification.

[0195] Fig. 9 1 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing related to communication using wide area wireless communication in the server 91 . Fig. 9 The illustrated process is executed by the processor 913 of the server 91 at regular time intervals.

[0196] First, the processor 913 of the server 91 obtains various information received from the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 (step S41). The various information includes vehicle information received from each vehicle 3 and stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91 and power reception end information associated with the vehicle identification information. In addition, the various information includes power transmission end information associated with the vehicle identification information received from each ground power supply device 2 and stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91.

[0197] Next, the processor 913 of the server 91 determines whether the power receiving end information and the power transmission end information associated with the same vehicle identification information are received from the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2, respectively (step S42). If it is determined in step S42 that the corresponding power receiving end information and the power transmission end information are received, the processor 913 of the server 91 performs the above-mentioned power supply end processing (step S43). On the other hand, if it is determined in step S42 that the corresponding power receiving end information and the power transmission end information are not received, step S43 is skipped.

[0198] Next, the processor 913 of the server 91 determines the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 based on the vehicle information (particularly the current location information) of the vehicle 3 obtained in step S41 and the installation location information of each ground power supply device 2 (step S44). The vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 is pre-stored in the storage device 912 of the server 91, for example.

[0199] Next, when the power supply termination process has been completed for a certain vehicle 3 in a certain ground power supply device 2, the processor 913 of the server 91 deletes the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 that has already completed the power supply termination process from the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 determined in step S44 (step S45). Then, the processor 913 of the server 91 sends the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information that has not been deleted in step S45 among the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 determined to be located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 to each ground power supply device 2 (step S46).

[0200] Fig.10 The flowchart shows the process flow related to the communication using the wide area wireless communication in the ground power supply device 2. In the processor 223 of the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2, each time the ground side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 receives the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information from the server 91, the processor 223 executes Fig.10 Processing shown.

[0201] When the first communication device 81 on the local side receives vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 (step S51), the processor 223 compares the vehicle identification information contained in the received vehicle information with the vehicle identification information in the identification information list stored in the memory 342 (step S52).

[0202] Then, as a result of comparing the vehicle identification information in step S52, the processor 223 newly registers the vehicle identification information included in the received vehicle information that has not yet been registered in the identification information list in the identification information list (step S53). Then, the processor 223 deletes the vehicle identification information that has already been registered in the identification information list but is not included in the vehicle identification information included in the vehicle information received from the server 91 from the identification information list (step S54). As a result, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of each ground power supply device 2 is always registered in the identification information list. Then, the processor 223 causes the first ground-side communication device 81 to send the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list to the server 91 via the communication network 92 (step S55).

[0203] <Status and operation of vehicles and ground power supply equipment related to power supply>

[0204] Next, refer to Figure 11 to Figure 15 The states and operations of the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 related to the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 will be described.

[0205] First, refer to Fig.11 A rough description will be given of the operation and state transition of the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 when power is supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 . Fig.11 2 is a diagram schematically showing the movement and state transition of the vehicle 3 and the ground power supply device 2 when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2 and supplies power. Fig.11 In the example shown, for simplicity of explanation, the transition is shown when there is only one vehicle 3 and only one ground power supply device 2. Fig.11 In the figure, the rectangle represents the state of the vehicle 3 or the ground power supply device 2, and the rounded quadrilateral represents the operation of the vehicle 3 or the ground power supply device 2.

[0206] exist Fig.11 In the example shown, in the initial state, vehicle 3 is quite far from the ground power supply device 2 and is outside the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, the vehicle identification information of vehicle 3 is not registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, the list registration notification is not sent to vehicle 3 either.

[0207] In this state, the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is not started at the moment. Therefore, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to a sleep state in which only standby power is supplied to the equipment related to power reception and no power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 (step S61). In addition, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is also set to a sleep state in which only standby power is supplied and no power is supplied to the ground-side second communication device 82 (step S81).

[0208] Then, when the vehicle 3 enters the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2, as described above, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (step S82). In addition, along with this, the vehicle 3 receives a list registration notification notifying that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (step S62).

[0209] When the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to the reception standby state for supplying power to the ground-side second communication device 82 (step S83). In the reception standby state, when a signal is transmitted from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 at a short distance from the ground-side second communication device 82, the ground-side second communication device 82 can receive the signal. In addition, when the vehicle 3 receives the list registration notification, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the power reception activation signal transmission state, which is a state in which power for operation is supplied to the equipment related to power reception of the vehicle 3, and power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 to transmit a signal including the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 (step S63). In the power reception activation signal transmission state, when the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 of the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3 is located on the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 of the power transmitting device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, the power receiving-side resonance circuit 51 can receive power from the power transmitting-side resonance circuit 43.

[0210] Then, when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2 and the ground-side second communication device 82 becomes capable of receiving the signal sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 (step S64), a signal including vehicle identification information is sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 to the ground-side second communication device 82, and the ground-side second communication device 82 receives the signal sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 (step S84).

[0211] The communication range of narrow-area wireless communication is small, so the ground-side second communication device 82 receives the signal transmitted from the vehicle-side second communication device 72, which indicates that the vehicle 3 identified by the received vehicle identification information has arrived near the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the ground-side second communication device 82 receives the signal including the vehicle identification information, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to the power transmission activation state (step S85). In the power transmission activation state, weak power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2.

[0212] Then, when the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the power receiving active state and the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to the power transmission active state, the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 approaches the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and is located on the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 (step S65), magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and the current flowing in the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 increases. When the current flowing in the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 increases in this way, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to the formal power transmission state in which a large amount of power is supplied to the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 (step S86). At this time, strong magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, thereby supplying power from the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 to the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and thereby supplying power from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3.

[0213] Then, when the vehicle 3 moves and the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 moves away from the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 (step S66), the magnetic field resonance coupling generated between the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 and the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 becomes weaker, and the current flowing in the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 decreases. When the current flowing in the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 decreases in this way, the power supplied to the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 decreases, and the state of the ground power supply device 2 returns to the power transmission active state (step S87).

[0214] Then, when the vehicle 3 moves further away from the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and the magnetic field resonance coupling between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51 disappears, the power reception end processing is performed in the vehicle 3 (step S67). In the power reception end processing, the values ​​of the parameters constituting the power reception end information are calculated, and the calculated power reception end information is transmitted from the vehicle 3 to the server 91. In addition, at this time, the power transmission end processing is performed in the ground power supply device 2 (step S88). In the power transmission end processing, the values ​​of the parameters constituting the power transmission end information are calculated, and the calculated power transmission end information is transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the server 91. In the ground power supply device 2, when the power transmission end processing is performed, the current supply to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is stopped, and thereby the state of the ground power supply device 2 is set to the reception standby state again (step S89).

[0215] Then, when the vehicle 3 exits the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2, as described above, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is deleted from the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (step S90). In addition, along with this, the vehicle 3 becomes not receiving the list registration notification notifying that the vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (step S68). When the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is deleted from the identification information list, there is no longer a vehicle 3 that needs to be powered near the ground power supply device 2, and therefore, the state of the ground power supply device 2 returns to the sleep state (step S91). In addition, when the vehicle 3 no longer receives the list registration notification, there is no ground power supply device 2 near the vehicle 3, and therefore, the state of the vehicle 3 also returns to the sleep state (step S69).

[0216] <State and operation transition of ground power supply equipment>

[0217] Next, refer to Fig.12 and Fig.13 The transition of the state and operation of the ground power supply device 2 will be described. Fig.12 and Fig.13 2 is a diagram schematically showing the state and operation transition of the ground power supply device 2. In particular, Fig.12 The state and action transition when the vehicle 3 is not located near the ground power supply device 2, specifically, the state and action transition between the sleep state and the reception standby state. Fig.13 The state and action transitions when the vehicle 3 is located near the ground power supply device 2 are shown, specifically, the state and action transitions between the reception standby state, the power transmission active state, the formal power transmission state, and the standby state. Fig.12 and Fig.13 In the figure, the rectangle also represents the state of the ground power supply device 2, and the rounded quadrilateral represents the operation of the ground power supply device 2.

[0218] The state of the ground power supply device 2 is Fig.12 The sleep state shown (A11. Fig.11 ) in step S81 and step S91, only standby power is supplied to the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, at this time, only the minimum required standby power is supplied to the controller 22 of the ground power supply device 2, and no power is supplied to other devices related to power transmission to the vehicle 3. For example, no power is supplied to the power transmission side resonant circuit 43, the ground side second communication device 82, the ground side sensor 23, and the magnetic field detector 66, and only a small power is supplied to the controller 22. Therefore, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the sleep state, the power consumption caused by the devices related to power transmission of the ground power supply device 2 is small. However, even when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the sleep state, power is supplied to the ground side first communication device 81. Therefore, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 located in the vicinity of the ground power supply device 2 can be received from the server 91.

[0219] When the ground power supply device 2 is in the sleep state (A11), the ground-side first communication device 81 receives vehicle information, and when the vehicle identification information included in the vehicle information is registered in the identification information list (C11), power supply to the power transmission-related devices of the ground power supply device 2 is started, these devices are started, and self-diagnosis of these devices is performed (B12). Specifically, power sufficient for the controller 22 to fully operate is supplied to the controller 22, and power is supplied to the ground-side second communication device 82, the ground-side sensor 23, the magnetic field detector 66, etc. In addition, a self-diagnosis program is executed in the controller 22, and self-diagnosis of the controller 22, the ground-side second communication device 82, the ground-side sensor 23, etc. is performed.

[0220] When the startup and self-diagnosis of the equipment are completed (C12), the state of the ground power supply device 2 changes to the reception standby state (A13. Fig.11The state in steps S83 and S89 of the ground power supply device 2 is shown in FIG. 1 . When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state (A13), power is supplied to the ground-side second communication device 82, and the ground-side second communication device 82 becomes capable of receiving signals. Moreover, in the present embodiment, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state, sufficient power is also supplied to the controller 22, the ground-side sensor 23, and the magnetic field detector 66, etc. Therefore, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state, when a signal is sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 at a distance close to the ground-side second communication device 82, the ground-side second communication device 82 can receive the signal. On the other hand, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state (A13), power is not supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, even if the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 approaches the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2, power is not supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. When the ground power supply device 2 is in the reception standby state, no power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, the power consumption of the ground power supply device 2 is not so large.

[0221] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state (A13), and it becomes a state where not even one vehicle identification information is registered in the identification information list of the ground power supply device 2 (C13), if the next vehicle 3 does not come near the ground power supply device 2, the state of the ground power supply device 2 returns to the sleep state (A11).

[0222] On the other hand, Fig.13 As shown, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the receiving standby state (A13), when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2, the ground-side second communication device 82 of the ground power supply device 2 receives the signal including the vehicle identification information sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 (C14). When the ground-side second communication device 82 receives the signal including the vehicle identification information, the vehicle identification information included in the signal is stored in the memory 222 of the controller 22 as the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered. In addition, the vehicle identification information included in the signal is compared with the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list stored in the memory 222 (B14).

[0223] The vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is sent to the ground power supply device 2 in advance via the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side and the first communication device 81 on the ground side. Therefore, the vehicle identification information contained in the signal sent from the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side is basically registered in the identification information list. However, sometimes, for example, due to a failure of the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side, such vehicle identification information is not registered in the identification information list in advance. In the case where the vehicle identification information is not registered in the identification information list (C19), power is not supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, and a power supply termination process (B19) is performed to terminate the power supply. In addition, in the comparison between the vehicle identification information contained in the signal and the vehicle identification information registered in the identification information list, when the termination condition described later is met (C19), a power supply termination process (B19) is also performed to terminate the power supply. The details of the power supply termination process will be described later.

[0224] On the other hand, when the comparison result shows that the vehicle identification information included in the signal received from the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side is registered in the identification information list (C15), the lateral deviation detection device detects whether there is a lateral deviation between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51 (B15). When a lateral deviation occurs between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51, the power supply efficiency between these circuits decreases. Therefore, when the lateral deviation detection device detects that a lateral deviation occurs between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51 (C20), the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is not performed, and the power supply termination process of terminating the power supply is performed (B19). In addition, when the termination condition described later is satisfied during the detection of the lateral deviation by the lateral deviation detection device (C20), the power supply termination process of terminating the power supply is also performed (B19).

[0225] On the other hand, when the lateral deviation detection device detects that no lateral deviation occurs between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 (C16), it is determined whether the interruption condition described later is met. When the interruption condition is not met (C18), the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched from the reception standby state (A13) to the power transmission active state (A16). Fig.11 status in steps S85 and S87).

[0226] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the power transmission active state (A16), power is supplied to the ground side second communication device 82, the controller 22, the ground side sensor 23, the magnetic field detector 66, etc., similarly to when it is in the reception standby state (A13). Moreover, at this time, weak power is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. By supplying weak power to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, when the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 approaches the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and is located on the power transmission side resonance circuit 43, magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and the current flowing in the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 increases.

[0227] Therefore, when the current flowing in the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 increases (C21) when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the power transmission active state (A16), it means that the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 has moved to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, in this case, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the formal power transmission state (A17. Fig.11 status in step S86).

[0228] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the formal power transmission state (A17), power is supplied to the ground side second communication device 82, the controller 22, the ground side sensor 23, the magnetic field detector 66, etc., similarly to when it is in the reception standby state (A13). Moreover, at this time, in order to transmit power to the vehicle 3, a larger power than that in the power transmission active state (A16) is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. As a result, a strong magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and a large power is supplied from the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 to the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3. In particular, in the present embodiment, the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 at this time is set based on the required power supply power included in the vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information. Specifically, the larger the required power supply power is, the larger the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is. The required power supply may change during the period of power supply from the power transmission device 4 to the power reception device 5, for example, when the speed of the vehicle 3 is slow and the time for which the power reception side resonance circuit 51 is located on the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is long. In this case, the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 also changes in accordance with the change in the required power supply.

[0229] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the formal power transmission state (A17), when the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 is separated from the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2, as described above, the current flowing in the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 decreases. When the current flowing in the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 decreases in this way (C22), the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched from the formal power transmission state (A17) to the power transmission active state (A16). Moreover, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the formal power transmission state, when the end condition described later is satisfied or when the interruption condition described later is satisfied, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is also switched to the power transmission active state (A16). As a result, when the end condition is satisfied and the power transmission is terminated or when the interruption condition is satisfied and the power transmission is interrupted, the state of the ground power supply device 2 temporarily becomes the power transmission active state (A16), thereby preventing the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 from being suddenly reduced to zero. Therefore, the load on the equipment such as the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 43 is reduced due to the fact that the power supplied to the power-transmitting-side resonant circuit 43 is suddenly reduced to zero.

[0230] When the interruption condition is met (C23) when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the power transmission activation state (A16), or when the interruption condition is met when the lateral deviation detection device detects that no lateral deviation has occurred (C17), the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the standby state (A18).

[0231] The standby state of the ground power supply device 2 is basically the same as the reception standby state. Therefore, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the standby state (A18), sufficient power is supplied to the ground side second communication device 82, the controller 22, the ground side sensor 23, and the magnetic field detector 66, etc., and on the other hand, power is not supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43. Therefore, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the standby state (A18), power is not supplied from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, and in addition, the power consumption is not so large as in the reception standby state.

[0232] Here, the interruption condition is a condition that requires temporarily interrupting the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Specific examples of the interruption conditions are listed below. All of the interruption conditions listed below may be used, or some of the interruption conditions may not be used. In this embodiment, when any of the following interruption conditions is met, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the standby state (A18).

[0233] The first interruption condition is that the lateral deviation detection device detects lateral deviation between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51. When lateral deviation occurs as described above, the power supply efficiency decreases, so when the lateral deviation is detected, the power supply is interrupted.

[0234] Here, as described above, lateral deviation detection by the lateral deviation detection device is also performed when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2 (B15). In this case, the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 may be greatly deviated from the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2. In contrast, when the vehicle 3 approaches the ground power supply device 2, once it is detected that no lateral deviation has occurred (C16), even if a lateral deviation occurs between the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 later, it is difficult to cause a large lateral deviation. Therefore, the detection of the lateral deviation between the receiving-side resonance circuit 51 and the transmitting-side resonance circuit 43 by the lateral deviation detection device is not used as a termination condition for terminating power transmission, but as an interruption condition. However, the detection of the lateral deviation may also be used as a termination condition for terminating power transmission.

[0235] The second interruption condition is the interruption of communication between the ground-side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 and the server 91. Here, the ground-side first communication device 81 regularly communicates with the server 91, for example, receives vehicle information of the vehicle 3 being powered (especially the power supply required, etc.). And the ground power supply device 2 transmits power to the vehicle 3 based on the received vehicle information. Therefore, when the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 can no longer be received, the ground power supply device 2 can no longer properly control the power supply. Therefore, when the communication is interrupted, the power supply to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted.

[0236] The third interruption condition is that the temperature of the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, in particular, the temperature of the power transmission side rectifier circuit 41, the converter 42 or the power transmission side resonant circuit 43 is above a predetermined interruption reference temperature. In order to suppress the excessive temperature of the power transmission device 4, when such an interruption condition is met, the power transmission to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted. The temperature of the power transmission device 4 is detected by the ground side sensor 23 (power transmission device temperature sensor).

[0237] The fourth interruption condition is that the speed of the vehicle 3 traveling on the power transmission device 4 is greater than a predetermined interruption reference speed. When the speed of the vehicle 3 is greater than the interruption reference speed, the power supply efficiency decreases. Therefore, when such an interruption condition is satisfied, the power supply to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted. For example, the speed of the vehicle 3 is calculated based on the change in the power supplied from the power transmission device 4 to the power receiving device 5.

[0238] The fifth interruption condition is the detection of a foreign object or a living body on the road where the power transmission device 4 is embedded. When a foreign object or a living body is present on the power transmission device 4, the AC magnetic field generated by the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 changes, and the power supply efficiency may decrease accordingly. Therefore, when such an interruption condition is met, the power supply to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted. The foreign object or living body on the road where the power transmission device 4 is embedded is detected by the ground side sensor 23 (foreign object sensor, living body sensor).

[0239] The sixth interruption condition is that the power (or current, voltage) supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the power transmission device 4 is greater than a predetermined interruption reference value. When the power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 becomes too large, an abnormality may occur in the power transmission side resonance circuit 43. Therefore, when such an interruption condition is met, the power transmission to the vehicle 3 is temporarily interrupted. The power supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 is calculated based on the output of the ground side sensor 23 (power transmission device current sensor, power transmission device voltage sensor).

[0240] When the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the standby state (A18), if none of the above-mentioned interruption conditions is satisfied (C24), the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the power transmission active state (A16).

[0241] When the termination condition is satisfied (C25) when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the power transmission active state (A16), when the termination condition is satisfied (C26) when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the standby state (A18), etc., the power transmission termination process is performed (B19). Fig.11 ) of the action in step S88.

[0242] In the power transmission end processing, the power transmission end information is sent from the ground side first communication device 81 of the ground power supply device 2 to the server 91. The power transmission end information includes information related to the power transmission to the vehicle 3 as described above. The values ​​of various parameters included in the power transmission end information are calculated based on the output of the ground side sensor 23, etc. In addition, in the power transmission end processing, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered, which is stored in the memory 222 of the ground power supply device 2 by the action shown in B14, is deleted from the memory 222. When the power transmission end processing is completed, the state of the ground power supply device 2 is switched to the reception standby state (A13).

[0243] Here, the termination condition is a condition that requires the termination of power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Specific examples of the termination conditions are listed below. All of the termination conditions listed below may be used, or some of the termination conditions may not be used. In this embodiment, when any of the following termination conditions is met, the power transmission termination process is performed.

[0244] The first termination condition is to detect that the vehicle 3 that had previously approached the ground power supply device 2 has left the ground power supply device 2. When the vehicle 3 has passed the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, power will no longer be transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Therefore, when such an termination condition is met, the power transmission to the vehicle 3 is terminated. The departure of the vehicle 3 from the ground power supply device 2 can be detected by any method. Specifically, for example, the signal sent by the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side becomes unreceivable by the second communication device 82 on the ground side, and it is detected that the vehicle 3 has left the ground power supply device 2. In addition, for example, a magnetic field detector such as that used in the lateral deviation detection device can be arranged behind the power transmission device 4 in the direction of travel of the vehicle 3, and the magnetic field detector detects the AC magnetic field generated by the AC magnetic field generating circuit 61 of the vehicle 3, thereby detecting that the vehicle 3 has left the ground power supply device 2.

[0245] The second termination condition is that the ground-side second communication device 82 of the ground power supply device 2 receives a signal including vehicle identification information different from the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered stored in the memory 222 of the ground power supply device 2 in the operation shown in B14. In other words, the second termination condition is that the ground-side second communication device 82 receives vehicle identification information of a vehicle different from the vehicle 3 being powered or the vehicle 3 that has just completed power transmission. In the case where the ground-side second communication device 82 receives a signal including vehicle identification information and the following vehicle is approaching, it is necessary to avoid confusion between the power transmission information of the vehicle being powered and the following vehicle, and therefore, power transmission to the vehicle 3 is terminated. As described above, if the power transmission termination process is performed in advance based on the establishment of such a termination condition, the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered stored in the memory 222 of the ground power supply device 2 can be deleted from the memory 222 in advance, thereby deleting the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being powered before power transmission to the following vehicle starts.

[0246] The third termination condition is that the time elapsed since the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being supplied with power is registered in the memory 222 of the ground power supply device 2 is longer than the predetermined termination reference time. If the elapsed time is too long, there may be an abnormality such as the ground power supply device 2 being unable to detect that the vehicle 3 has left. Therefore, when such a termination condition is satisfied, the power supply to the vehicle 3 is terminated. In addition, the third termination condition may be other conditions as long as it is a condition indicating that the vehicle 3 occupies the power supply device of the ground power supply device 2 for a long period of time. Therefore, for example, the third termination condition may also be that the time during which the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the power supply active state or the standby state during the elapsed time since the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 being supplied with power is registered in the memory 222 is longer than the predetermined time.

[0247] The fourth termination condition is that a failure occurs in the equipment of the ground power supply device 2 related to power transmission to the vehicle 3. When a failure occurs in the ground power supply device 2, it is impossible to properly supply power from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3, and therefore, when such a termination condition is satisfied, power transmission to the vehicle 3 is terminated. The failure of the ground power supply device 2 is detected, for example, by self-diagnosis of the equipment of the ground power supply device 2 related to power transmission to the vehicle 3 (also performed in the action indicated by B12).

[0248] The fifth termination condition is that there is a termination request from outside the contactless power supply system 1. For example, when road construction starts near the ground power supply device 2 or when a disaster occurs, a termination request is sent from outside the contactless power supply system 1 to the ground power supply device 2. Such a termination request is sent from the system outside the contactless power supply system 1 to the server 91, and is sent from the server 91 to the first communication device 81 on the ground side.

[0249] The sixth termination condition is that the coupling coefficient between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 is greater than a predetermined reference value, or the power transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is greater than a predetermined termination reference value. Here, when the coupling coefficient is very large or the power transmitted is very large, there is a possibility that an excessive current will flow through the power transmission device 4 and the power receiving device 5. Therefore, when the coupling coefficient is greater than the reference value or the power transmitted is greater than the reference value, the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is terminated to suppress the excessive current from flowing through the power transmission device 4 and the power receiving device 5. The power transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is calculated based on the output of the ground side sensor 23 (power transmission device current sensor and power transmission device voltage sensor), for example.

[0250] The seventh termination condition is that the charge amount to the user of the vehicle 3 calculated based on the power transmitted from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 becomes a predetermined upper limit charge amount or more. The charge amount to the user is calculated by the controller based on the change in the power transmitted to the vehicle 3 during the power transmission period and the fee per unit of power at that time. In addition, the upper limit charge amount may be a predetermined fixed value or a value set by the user of the vehicle 3. In the case of a value set by the user, the upper limit charge amount is included in the vehicle information transmitted from the vehicle 3.

[0251] The eighth termination condition is receiving a power transmission stop request described later from the vehicle 3. As described later, when a termination condition or a disconnection condition for stopping or disconnecting the power reception of the power receiving device 5 in the vehicle 3 is satisfied, a power transmission stop request is transmitted from the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3. When such a termination condition or a disconnection condition is satisfied, the vehicle 3 will no longer receive power, and thus, it is not necessary to maintain the ground power supply device 2 in a state capable of transmitting power to the vehicle 3, and thus, the power transmission to the vehicle 3 is terminated.

[0252] The state and operation of the ground power supply device 2 are controlled by the controller 22. Therefore, for example, when the state of the ground power supply device 2 is in the standby state, the controller 22 determines whether the interruption condition is satisfied and whether the end condition is satisfied based on the output of the ground sensor 23. In addition, when the controller 22 determines that the interruption condition is not satisfied, it controls the converter 42 so that a weak current is supplied to the power transmission side resonance circuit 43.

[0253] <Transition of vehicle status and behavior>

[0254] Next, refer to Fig.14 and Fig.15 The transition of the state and behavior of the vehicle 3 will be described. Fig.14 3 is a diagram schematically showing the state and transition of the vehicle 3. Fig.14 In the figure, the rectangle also represents the state of the vehicle 3, and the rounded quadrilateral represents the action of the vehicle 3.

[0255] like Fig.14 As shown, the state of the vehicle 3 can be a first sleep state (A31) and a second sleep state (A35). Fig.11The state in steps S61 and S69 of the present invention). When the state of the vehicle 3 is in the first sleep state (A31), only standby power is supplied to the devices related to power reception of the vehicle 3. Therefore, at this time, only the required minimum standby power is supplied to the ECU 34 of the vehicle 3, and no power is supplied to other devices related to receiving power from the ground power supply device 2. Therefore, for example, power is not supplied to the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side, the AC power generating circuit 64, and the sensor 37 on the vehicle side, and only a small amount of power is supplied to the ECU 34. Therefore, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the first sleep state (A31), the power consumption caused by the devices related to power reception of the vehicle 3 is small. However, even when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the first sleep state (A31), power is supplied to the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side. Therefore, the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side can receive a list registration notification from the server 91 that notifies that the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2.

[0256] In the first sleep state ( A31 ), the relay 38 is connected between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 . Therefore, the power receiving device 5 is connected to the battery 32 , and when the power receiving device 5 receives power, the power is supplied to the battery 32 .

[0257] When the vehicle 3 is in the first sleep state (A31), when the vehicle-side first communication device 71 receives a list registration notification notifying that the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 is registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2, and the suspension condition and disconnection condition described later are not satisfied (C31), power supply to the devices of the vehicle 3 related to receiving power from the ground power supply device 2 is started, these devices are started, and self-diagnosis of these devices is performed (B32). Specifically, power sufficient for the ECU 34 to fully operate is supplied to the ECU 34, and power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72, the AC power generation circuit 64, and the vehicle-side sensor 37. In addition, a self-diagnosis program is executed in the ECU 34 to perform self-diagnosis of the ECU 34, the vehicle-side second communication device 72, the AC power generation circuit 64, and the vehicle-side sensor 37.

[0258] When the startup and self-diagnosis of the equipment are completed, the state of the vehicle 3 becomes the power receiving activation state (A33) or the power receiving activation signal transmission state (A34. Fig.11 When the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33) or the power receiving activation signal transmission state (A34), sufficient power is supplied to the ECU 34 and the vehicle-side sensor 37, etc.

[0259] Therefore, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33) or the power receiving activation signal transmission state (A34), when the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 of the vehicle 3 approaches the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 of the ground power supply device 2 and is located on the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, strong magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51, and a large power is received from the ground power supply device 2. On the other hand, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33) or the power receiving activation signal transmission state (A34), when the vehicle 3 moves from the state in which strong magnetic field resonance coupling is generated between the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 moves away from the power transmitting side resonance circuit 43, the magnetic field resonance coupling is released, and the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is terminated.

[0260] In addition, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33), power is not supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the AC power generating circuit 64. Therefore, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 cannot send a signal including the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3. In addition, the AC power generating circuit 64 cannot generate an AC magnetic field for lateral deviation detection. On the other hand, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation signal sending state (A34), power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the AC power generating circuit 64. Therefore, the vehicle-side second communication device 72 sends a signal including the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3, and the AC power generating circuit 64 generates an AC magnetic field for lateral deviation detection. Therefore, at this time, when the vehicle 3 travels near the ground power supply device 2, a signal including the vehicle identification information is sent from the vehicle-side second communication device 72 to the ground-side second communication device 82.

[0261] Furthermore, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33), power is not supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the AC power generating circuit 64, and therefore, the power consumption of the vehicle 3 is not that large. On the other hand, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation signal transmission state (A34), power is supplied to the vehicle-side second communication device 72 and the AC power generating circuit 64, and therefore, the power consumption is greater than that in the power receiving activation state (A33).

[0262] When the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33), if all the transmission stop conditions are no longer satisfied (C33), the state of the vehicle 3 is switched to the power receiving activation signal transmission state (A34). On the other hand, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation signal transmission state (A34), if the transmission stop conditions are satisfied (C34), the state of the vehicle 3 is switched to the power receiving activation state (A33).

[0263] Here, the transmission stop condition is a condition that requires temporarily stopping the transmission of signals from the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side. By temporarily stopping the transmission of signals from the second communication device 72 on the vehicle side, a signal including vehicle identification information is not transmitted to the second communication device 82 on the ground side, thereby stopping the transmission of power from the ground power supply device 2. Specific examples of the transmission stop conditions are listed below. All of the transmission stop conditions listed below may be used, or some of the transmission stop conditions may not be used. In the present embodiment, when any of the following transmission stop conditions is met, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the power receiving activation state (A33), and when none of them is met, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the power receiving activation signal transmission state (A34).

[0264] The first transmission stop condition is that other processing that causes a large amount of power to flow into the battery 32 is being performed in the vehicle 3. When the battery 32 is quickly charged by a method other than contactless power transmission, it is difficult to simultaneously supply power to the battery 32 based on contactless power transmission. Therefore, in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped. As the above-mentioned other processing, for example, when the vehicle 3 is a hybrid vehicle also driven by an internal combustion engine, the start or stop of the internal combustion engine can be cited. Such other processing is detected, for example, based on the output of a vehicle-side sensor 37 provided on the vehicle 3 or a control instruction from the ECU 34 to the internal combustion engine, etc.

[0265] The second transmission stop condition is that the vehicle 3 is in emergency braking. When the vehicle 3 is in emergency braking, the battery 32 is charged by regenerative power, so it is difficult to simultaneously and efficiently supply power to the battery 32 based on contactless power transmission. Therefore, in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped. Whether the vehicle 3 is in emergency braking is detected based on, for example, the amount of depression of the brake pedal of the vehicle 3.

[0266] The third transmission stop condition is that the vehicle 3 is changing lanes. When the vehicle 3 is changing lanes, even if the vehicle 3 is traveling near the ground power supply device 2, the lateral deviation between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 is large, so in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped. The vehicle 3 changing lanes is detected based on an image captured by a front camera (not shown) installed in the vehicle 3, for example.

[0267] The fourth transmission stop condition is that the vehicle 3 is approaching the left and right dividing lines or is driving out of the left and right dividing lines. In this case, even if the vehicle 3 is traveling near the ground power supply device 2, the lateral deviation between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power receiving side resonance circuit 51 is large, so in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped. Whether the vehicle 3 is approaching the left and right dividing lines or driving out of the dividing lines is detected based on an image captured by a front camera (not shown) installed on the vehicle 3.

[0268] The fifth transmission stop condition is that when the vehicle 3 is provided with a magnetic field detector of a lateral deviation detection device, the lateral deviation detection device detects a lateral deviation between the power transmission side resonance circuit 43 and the power reception side resonance circuit 51. When a lateral deviation occurs as described above, the power supply efficiency decreases, so when a lateral deviation is detected, in order to temporarily stop the power transmission from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped.

[0269] The sixth transmission stop condition is that the communication interruption between the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3 and the server 91 is less than a certain time. Here, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 regularly communicates with the server 91, for example, to send vehicle information of the vehicle 3 being powered (especially the power supply required, etc.). And when the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 can no longer be sent, the power supply can no longer be properly controlled. Therefore, when the communication is interrupted, in order to temporarily stop the power supply from the ground power supply device 2, the signal transmission is temporarily stopped.

[0270] In addition, when the vehicle 3 is provided with a magnetic field detector of a lateral deviation detection device, and a magnetic field generating circuit is embedded in a position that is somewhat closer to the front of the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 in the direction of travel of the vehicle 3, the magnetic field detector can be used to detect the situation that the vehicle 3 is approaching the ground power supply device 2. In such a case, the situation that the magnetic field detector of the ground power supply device 2 does not detect that the vehicle 3 is approaching the power transmission device 4 of the ground power supply device 2 can also be used as a transmission stop condition (the seventh transmission stop condition). As a result, it is possible to make the vehicle-side first communication device 71 transmit a signal only when the vehicle 3 is approaching the ground power supply device 2.

[0271] When the status of vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33) or the power receiving activation signal sending state (A34), when the vehicle side first communication device 71 of vehicle 3 no longer receives the list registration notification, that is, when the vehicle identification information of vehicle 3 is not registered in the identification information list of any ground power supply device 2 (C35), the status of vehicle 3 is restored to the first sleep state (A31).

[0272] On the other hand, when the vehicle 3 is in the power receiving activation state (A33) or the power receiving activation signal sending state (A34), when the termination condition described later is met and the power receiving device 5 is not in the period of receiving power from the power transmitting device 4 of the ground power supply device 2, or when the disconnection condition described later is met (C36), an identification information deletion request and a power supply stop request are sent from the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side to the server 91 and then to the corresponding ground power supply device 2.

[0273] The identification information deletion request is a request to delete the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 from the identification information list of the corresponding ground power supply device 2. The ground power supply device 2 that is the target of the deletion request may be all the ground power supply devices 2 that have the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 registered in the identification information list, or may be only the ground power supply device 2 located near the current position of the vehicle 3. The ground power supply device 2 that receives the identification information deletion request deletes the vehicle identification information of the vehicle 3 from the identification information list stored in the memory 222 of the ground power supply device 2.

[0274] The power supply stop request is a request to stop the power supply from the corresponding ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. The ground power supply device 2 that is the target of the stop request is a ground power supply device 2 located near the current position of the vehicle 3. The ground power supply device 2 that receives the power supply stop request stops the power supply when it is currently supplying power to the vehicle 3.

[0275] In this way, by sending an identification information deletion request and a power supply stop request to the ground power supply device 2, there is no need to unnecessarily switch the state of the ground power supply device 2 from the sleep state (A11) to the reception standby state (A13) and the power supply activation state (A16), thereby suppressing the power consumption of the ground power supply device 2.

[0276] When the identification information deletion request and the power transmission stop request are sent from the first communication device 71 on the vehicle side (B13), if the disconnection condition is satisfied (C37), the state of the vehicle 3 is switched to the second sleep state (A35). In addition, when the vehicle is in the first sleep state (A31), if the disconnection condition is satisfied (C38), the state of the vehicle 3 is also switched to the second sleep state (A35).

[0277] When the vehicle 3 is in the second sleep state (A35), similarly to the first sleep state (A31), only standby power is supplied to the vehicle 3. However, when the vehicle 3 is in the second sleep state (A35), the relay 38 is disconnected. Therefore, the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected, and the power receiving device 5 cannot substantially receive power.

[0278] When the state of the vehicle 3 is in the second sleep state ( A35 ), if the cutoff condition is not satisfied ( C39 ), the state of the vehicle 3 is switched to the first sleep state ( A31 ).

[0279] Here, the cut-off condition is a condition that requires cutting off the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 on the basis of stopping the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Specific examples of the cut-off conditions are listed below. All of the cut-off conditions listed below may be used, or some of the cut-off conditions may not be used. In this embodiment, when any of the following cut-off conditions is met, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the second sleep state (A35).

[0280] The first disconnection condition is that the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 is greater than the charge rate limit value. The charge rate limit value is a predetermined value at which it becomes difficult to charge the battery 32 due to the structure of the battery 32, for example, 95% or more. When the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 becomes greater than the charge rate limit value, the battery 32 cannot be charged at the moment, so the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected. The charge rate SOC of the battery 32 is calculated in the ECU 34 based on the charging current value and the discharging current value of the battery 32 detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (current sensor).

[0281] The second disconnection condition is that the temperature of the battery 32 is higher than the battery limit temperature. The limit temperature is a temperature at which the degradation of the battery 32 will progress when the temperature of the battery 32 reaches or exceeds the battery limit temperature. When the temperature of the battery 32 reaches or exceeds the battery limit temperature, charging of the battery 32 which causes the temperature of the battery 32 to rise cannot be performed at the moment, and therefore, the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected. The temperature of the battery 32 is detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (battery temperature sensor).

[0282] The third disconnection condition is that the temperature of the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3, in particular, the temperature of the power receiving side resonant circuit 51 and the power receiving side rectifier circuit 54, is higher than a predetermined power receiving device limit temperature. The power receiving device limit temperature is a temperature at which an abnormality may occur in the power receiving device 5 if the temperature of the power receiving device 5 further increases. When the temperature of the power receiving device 5 reaches or exceeds the power receiving device limit temperature, the power receiving device 5 cannot be used at the moment, which may cause the temperature of the power receiving device 5 to rise, so the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected. The temperature of the power receiving device 5 is detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (power receiving device temperature sensor).

[0283] The fourth disconnection condition is that the current flowing in the power receiving device 5 is equal to or greater than the current limit value or the voltage applied to the power receiving device 5 is equal to or greater than the voltage limit value. When the current flowing in the power receiving device 5 or the voltage applied to the power receiving device 5 becomes excessively large, an abnormality may occur in the power receiving device 5, so the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected. The current flowing in the power receiving device 5 and the voltage applied to the power receiving device 5 are detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (current sensor, voltage sensor).

[0284] The fifth disconnection condition is that the communication between the vehicle-side first communication device 71 of the vehicle 3 and the server 91 is interrupted for a certain period of time or more. As described above, the vehicle-side first communication device 71 regularly communicates with the server 91, for example, to send vehicle information of the vehicle 3 being powered (especially the power supply request, etc.). And when the vehicle information of the vehicle 3 can no longer be sent, the power supply can no longer be properly controlled. In particular, when such communication is interrupted for a certain period of time or more, it is not a temporary communication failure, so the connection between the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 is disconnected.

[0285] In addition, the disconnection condition is a condition that is satisfied less frequently than the stop condition described later. Here, when the connection and disconnection of the relay 38 to which a high voltage is applied are frequently repeated, it will become a major cause of abnormality in the relay 38. In this embodiment, by making the disconnection condition for disconnecting the relay 38 a condition with a low satisfaction frequency, it is possible to suppress abnormality in the relay 38.

[0286] On the other hand, when the identification information deletion request and the power transmission stop request are transmitted from the vehicle-side first communication device 71 (B13), if the suspension condition is satisfied (C40), the state of the vehicle 3 is switched to the first sleep state (A31).

[0287] Here, the termination condition is a condition that requires the termination of the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3. Specific examples of the termination conditions are listed below. All of the termination conditions listed below may be used, or some of the termination conditions may not be used. In this embodiment, when any of the following termination conditions is met, the state of the vehicle 3 is set to the first sleep state (A31).

[0288] The first suspension condition is that the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 is greater than the charge rate reference value and less than the charge rate limit value. The charge rate reference value is a predetermined value smaller than the above-mentioned charge rate limit value, for example, greater than 80%. When the charge rate SOC of the battery 32 becomes greater than the charge rate reference value, it is basically unnecessary to charge the battery 32, and therefore, the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is suspended.

[0289] The second suspension condition is that the temperature of the battery 32 is higher than the battery reference temperature and lower than the battery limit temperature. The battery reference temperature is a predetermined temperature lower than the above-mentioned battery limit temperature. When the temperature of the battery 32 becomes higher than the battery reference temperature, it is necessary to suppress charging of the battery 32 so that the temperature of the battery 32 does not reach the battery limit temperature, and therefore, the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is suspended.

[0290] The third suspension condition is that the temperature of the power receiving device 5 of the vehicle 3, in particular, the temperature of the power receiving side resonant circuit 51 or the power receiving side rectifier circuit 54 is equal to or higher than a predetermined power receiving device reference temperature and lower than the power receiving device limit temperature. The power receiving device reference temperature is a predetermined temperature lower than the above-mentioned power receiving device limit temperature. When the temperature of the power receiving device 5 becomes equal to or higher than the power receiving device reference temperature, it is necessary to suppress the use of the power receiving device 5 so that the temperature of the power receiving device 5 does not reach the power receiving device reference temperature, and therefore, the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is suspended.

[0291] The fourth suspension condition is that the allowable charging power of the battery 32 is greater than a predetermined charging power reference value. When the allowable charging power of the battery 32 is small, even if the power receiving device 5 receives power from the power transmitting device 4, it may not be able to properly supply the power to the battery, so the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is suspended. The allowable charging power of the battery 32 is calculated based on the output of the vehicle-side sensor 37 (battery temperature sensor, battery current sensor, etc.).

[0292] The fifth suspension condition is that the speed of the vehicle 3 is above a predetermined suspension reference speed. When the speed of the vehicle 3 is above the suspension reference speed, the power supply efficiency decreases, and therefore, the power supply from the ground power supply device 2 to the vehicle 3 is suspended. The suspension reference speed may be the same as the suspension reference speed in the fifth suspension condition described above. The speed of the vehicle 3 is detected by the vehicle-side sensor 37 (speed sensor).

[0293] The sixth suspension condition is that the amount of charge to the user of the vehicle 3 calculated based on the power received by the vehicle 3 from the ground power supply device 2 has become a predetermined upper limit charge amount or more. The amount of charge to the user is calculated by the ECU 34 based on the change in the power received during the period of receiving power from the ground power supply device 2 and the price per unit of power at that time. In addition, the upper limit charge amount may be a predetermined fixed value or a value set by the user of the vehicle 3.

[0294] The seventh suspension condition is when there is a suspension request from the user. For example, the suspension request from the user is output from a switch provided in the vehicle 3 for inputting whether or not power supply during driving is required.

[0295] The state and operation of the vehicle 3 are controlled by the ECU 34. Therefore, for example, when the state of the vehicle 3 is in the second sleep state (A35), the ECU 34 determines whether the cut-off condition is satisfied based on the output of the vehicle-side sensor 37. Furthermore, when the ECU 34 determines that the cut-off condition is not satisfied, it controls the relay 38 so that the power receiving device 5 and the battery 32 are connected.

[0296] Next, refer to Fig.15 The power reception end process will be described. Fig.15 This is a flowchart showing the flow of work related to the execution of the power reception end process. The process shown in the figure is performed at a certain time interval.

[0297] like Fig.15 As shown, first, ECU 34 obtains current position information and map information (step S101). ECU 34 obtains current position information of vehicle 3 from GNSS receiver 35. Furthermore, ECU 34 obtains map information from storage device 36. In particular, in this embodiment, ECU 34 obtains map information including installation position information of ground power supply device 2 around the current position of vehicle 3.

[0298] Next, the ECU 34 determines whether the vehicle 3 has passed over any ground power supply device 2 based on the current position information acquired in step S101 and the installation position information of the ground power supply device 2 (step S102 ).

[0299] If it is determined in step S102 that the vehicle 3 has passed over any ground power supply device 2, the ECU 34 performs power reception end processing (step S103). In the power reception end processing, power reception end information is sent from the vehicle-side first communication device 71 to the server 91. The power reception end information includes information related to power reception from the ground power supply device 2. The values ​​of various parameters included in the power reception end information are calculated based on the output of the vehicle-side sensor 37, etc. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S102 that the vehicle 3 has not passed over any ground power supply device 2, step S103 is skipped.

[0300] As mentioned above, although the preferred embodiments according to the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle that receives power from a ground power supply device in a non-contact manner, comprising: a first communication device on the vehicle side, which communicates directly or indirectly with the ground power supply device using wide area wireless communication; a second communication device on the vehicle side that directly communicates with the ground power supply device using narrow-area wireless communication; and a control device which, when receiving power from the ground power supply device, causes the first communication device on the vehicle side to send vehicle information associated with vehicle identification information to the ground power supply device, and causes the second communication device on the vehicle side to send vehicle identification information to the ground power supply device after the first communication device on the vehicle side has sent the vehicle information, The control device activates the second communication device on the vehicle side so that the vehicle identification information can be sent to the ground power supply device when the vehicle approaches the ground power supply device when the first communication device on the vehicle side receives the following notification, the notification being a notification indicating that the ground power supply device can work or is working so that the ground power supply device can receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle, The vehicle further includes a power receiving device for receiving power from the ground power supply device. The control device activates the power receiving device so that the vehicle can receive the power from the ground power supply device when the vehicle is traveling on the ground power supply device when the first communication device on the vehicle side receives the following notification, the notification being a notification indicating that the ground power supply device can operate or is operating so that the ground power supply device can receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle using narrow-area wireless communication, The notification indicating that the ground power supply device can work or is working so that the ground power supply device can receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle using narrow-area wireless communication is a notification that the vehicle identification information of the vehicle is registered in the list of vehicle identification information of vehicles stored in the ground power supply device that have the possibility of being powered by the ground power supply device.

2. The vehicle according to claim 1, The wide area wireless communication is communication with a communication distance of more than 10 meters, and the narrow area wireless communication is communication with a communication distance of less than 10 meters.

3. The vehicle according to claim 1, The vehicle information includes information related to the status of the vehicle.

4. The vehicle according to claim 3, The state of the vehicle includes at least any one of a charge rate of a battery, a temperature of the battery, permissible charging power, and vehicle required power.

5. The vehicle according to claim 1, The vehicle information includes information required when requesting a usage fee.

6. The vehicle according to claim 1, The faster the speed of the vehicle, the longer the distance from the current position of the vehicle to the position of the ground power supply device when the vehicle information is transmitted to the ground power supply device by the vehicle-side first communication device.

7. A contactless power supply system comprising a vehicle and a ground power supply device for contactlessly transmitting power to the vehicle, The vehicle includes a first vehicle-side communication device, a second vehicle-side communication device, and a vehicle-side control device for controlling the first vehicle-side communication device and the second vehicle-side communication device. The ground power supply device includes a first ground-side communication device and a second ground-side communication device. The first communication device on the vehicle side communicates directly or indirectly with the first communication device on the ground side by using wide area wireless communication. The second communication device on the vehicle side directly communicates with the second communication device on the ground side using narrow-area wireless communication. When receiving power from the ground power supply device, the vehicle-side control device causes the vehicle-side first communication device to send vehicle information associated with the vehicle identification information of the vehicle to the ground-side first communication device, and then causes the vehicle-side second communication device to send the vehicle identification information to the ground-side second communication device. The vehicle-side control device activates the vehicle-side second communication device so that the vehicle identification information can be sent to the ground power supply device when the vehicle approaches the ground power supply device when the vehicle-side first communication device receives the following notification, which is a notification indicating that the ground power supply device can work or is working so that the ground power supply device can receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle, The vehicle further includes a power receiving device for receiving power from the ground power supply device. The vehicle-side control device activates the power receiving device so that the vehicle can receive the power from the ground power supply device when the vehicle is traveling on the ground power supply device, when the vehicle-side first communication device receives the following notification, which is a notification indicating that the ground power supply device can work or is working so that the ground power supply device can receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle using narrow-area wireless communication, The notification indicating that the ground power supply device can work or is working so that the ground power supply device can receive the vehicle identification information from the vehicle using narrow-area wireless communication is a notification that the vehicle identification information of the vehicle is registered in the list of vehicle identification information of vehicles stored in the ground power supply device that have the possibility of being powered by the ground power supply device.

8. The contactless power supply system according to claim 7, The ground power supply device further includes a power transmission device for transmitting electric power to the vehicle and a ground-side control device for controlling the power transmission device. The vehicle information includes the vehicle's required power. The ground-side control device controls contactless power supply from the power transmission device to the vehicle based on the vehicle's required power.

9. The contactless power supply system according to claim 7, The contactless power supply system further includes a server that communicates with the vehicle through wide area wireless communication and communicates with the ground power supply device. The first communication device on the vehicle side transmits the vehicle information to the first communication device on the ground side via the server, The faster the speed of the vehicle, the longer the distance from the current position of the vehicle to the position of the ground power supply device when the server transmits the vehicle information to the ground power supply device.

Images