Calibration method of the waist line in the roadway

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for calibrating the waistline in a roadway, which includes setting up a measuring instrument at the slope-changing point in the roadway, indirectly measuring to obtain the elevation of the measuring instrument as HB, the elevation of the known waistline point K at the slope-changing point as HA, and calculating the first height difference ΔH = HA - HB between the top of the measuring instrument and the known waistline point K; placing a visible structure at the first placement point E on the side wall surface of the waistline to be calibrated, and measuring the second height difference Δh between the top of the measuring instrument and the top of the visible structure, and the height of the slope where the first placement point E is located is H1; the third height difference between the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E and the top of the measuring instrument is Δh1 = ΔH + H1; taking the difference between Δh1 and Δh as the compensation amount B for the actual waistline point M, and measuring the compensation amount B at the first placement point E to obtain the actual waistline point M. The present invention solves the problems in the prior art that when calibrating the waistline in a roadway, the calculation is complex, a large number of personnel are required, and it is easy to make mistakes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine roadway construction operations, and more particularly, to a method for calibrating the waist line in a roadway. Background Art

[0002] When calibrating the waist line of a mine roadway, a total station is usually used. The commonly used methods in the prior art include the pseudo-inclination method or the steel tape distance measurement height difference method for calibrating the waist line of the roadway. However, for the pseudo-inclination method, there are many and difficult formulas, the calculation is complex, and it needs to be calibrated on both the left and right sides of the roadway at the same time, which is prone to errors; the steel tape distance measurement height difference method requires two people to use a steel tape to measure the distance between the waist line points on the roadway side. There are many obstacles on the roadway side, the measurement is difficult, which is likely to cause large errors, and there may be situations of misreading, misreporting, and pulling the wrong distance, which is prone to cause wiring errors. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for calibrating the waist line in a roadway, so as to solve the problems of complex calculation and easy error in calibrating the waist line in the prior art, and the need for multiple staff members.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for calibrating the waist line in a roadway, including the following steps: setting up a measuring instrument at the slope-changing point in the roadway, indirectly measuring to obtain the elevation of the measuring instrument as HB, and the elevation of the known waist line point K at the slope-changing point as HA. In the direction from the bottom plate to the top plate of the roadway, calculate the first height difference ΔH = HA - HB between the top of the measuring instrument and the known waist line point K; place a visible structure at the first placement point E on the side wall surface of the roadway where the waist line to be calibrated is located and downstream of the measuring instrument, and measure the second height difference Δh between the top of the measuring instrument and the top of the visible structure, and the height of the slope where the first placement point E is located is H1; the third height difference between the actual waist line point M at the first placement point E and the top of the measuring instrument is Δh1 = ΔH + H1; use the difference between Δh1 and Δh as the compensation amount B of the actual waist line point M, and measure the compensation amount B at the first placement point E to obtain the actual waist line point M.

[0005] Further, using the difference between Δh1 and Δh as the compensation amount of the actual waist line point M includes the following steps: setting the compensation amount B, where B = Δh1 - Δh. When Δh1 - Δh > 0, measure B upward in the direction towards the top plate at the top of the visible structure to obtain the actual waist line point M at the first placement point E; when Δh1 - Δh < 0, measure B downward in the direction towards the bottom plate at the top of the visible structure to obtain the actual waist line point M at the first placement point E.

[0006] Further, the calibration method further includes placing another visible structure at a second placement point G downstream of the first placement point E, and repeating the method for obtaining the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E to obtain the actual waistline point M at the second placement point G, and successively connecting the obtained actual waistline points M to form a waistline N.

[0007] Further, the slope of the floor in the roadway is i or -i. The calculation method for the slope height H1 at the first placement point E includes measuring the distance a between the measuring instrument and the side wall surface of the waistline to be marked, with the foot of the perpendicular being point F; measuring the horizontal distance d between the measuring instrument and the visible structure located at the first placement point E; and in the same horizontal plane, calculating the horizontal distance between the first placement point E and the foot of the perpendicular point F according to the Pythagorean theorem as The slope height H1 is calculated according to the formula H1 = L×i or H1 = L×(-i).

[0008] Further, indirectly measuring the elevation HB of the measuring instrument includes the following steps: Given that the elevation of the roof of the roadway is H2, measuring the distance H3 between the top of the measuring instrument and the roof of the roadway, and calculating the elevation HB of the measuring instrument according to the formula H2 - H3 = HB.

[0009] Further, the two side wall surfaces of the roadway are the left side and the right side respectively. When the slope change point is the starting slope point, the side wall surface of the waistline to be marked is the left side; when the slope change point is the downhill point, the side wall surface of the waistline to be marked is the right side.

[0010] Further, the elevation HA of the known waistline point K at the slope change point is the distance between the known waistline point K and the geoid.

[0011] Further, the elevation H2 of the roof of the roadway is the distance between the roof and the geoid, and the elevation HB of the measuring instrument is the distance between the top of the measuring instrument and the geoid.

[0012] Further, the measuring instrument is a total station instrument.

[0013] Further, the visible structure is a prism.

[0014] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, a measuring instrument is erected at the slope-changing point in the roadway, and the first height difference ΔH between the top of the measuring instrument and the known waist line point K is calculated. When the top of the measuring instrument is higher than the known waist line point K, the value of ΔH is negative. When the top of the measuring instrument is lower than the known waist line point K, the value of ΔH is positive. A visible structure is placed at the first placement point E on the side wall surface of the waist line to be marked. The second height difference Δh between the top of the measuring instrument and the top of the visible structure is measured and calculated by the measuring instrument. When the top of the measuring instrument is higher than the top of the visible structure, the second height difference Δh is negative. When the top of the measuring instrument is higher than the top of the visible structure, the second height difference Δh is positive. The distance between the first placement point and the actual waist line point M at the first placement point is obtained through ΔH + H1 - Δh. According to the final result, the waist line is calibrated. In the whole process, the placement point of the visible structure can be flexibly selected, and there is no need to measure the point spacing. Only one staff member can complete all operations, reducing the wire laying time and improving the measurement efficiency. By measuring the distance with a total station and using the Pythagorean theorem to quickly calibrate the waist line, the cumulative measurement error that occurs in the long-distance waist line calibration work underground is effectively solved, thereby reducing the amount of bottoming or over-digging of the project, better improving the work efficiency and reducing the waste of funds. The distance error can be weakened or even eliminated, which can greatly improve the quality of underground projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the method for calibrating the waist line in the roadway according to an optional embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 shown Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the method for calibrating the waist line on the left side wall in the roadway is shown;

[0018] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the method for calibrating the downhill waist line in the roadway according to an optional embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Among them, the above-mentioned accompanying drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0020] 10. Measuring instrument; 20. Side wall surface; 21. Left side wall; 22. Right side wall; 30. Visible structure; 40. Geoid; 50. Floor; 60. Roof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present invention and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In order to solve the problems that when calibrating the waistline in a roadway in the prior art, the calculation is complex and error-prone and requires multiple staff members, the present invention provides a method for calibrating the waistline in a roadway.

[0023] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the method for calibrating the waistline in a roadway includes the following steps: set up a measuring instrument 10 at the slope-changing point in the roadway, indirectly measure the elevation of the measuring instrument 10 as HB, and the elevation of the known waistline point K at the slope-changing point is HA. In the direction from the bottom plate 50 to the top plate 60 of the roadway, calculate the first height difference △H = HA - HB between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the known waistline point K; place a visible structure 30 at the first placement point E on the side wall surface 20 of the roadway where the waistline is to be calibrated and downstream of the measuring instrument 10, and measure the second height difference △h between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the top of the visible structure 30, and the slope height where the first placement point E is located is H1; the third height difference between the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E and the top of the measuring instrument 10 is △h1 = △H + H1; take the difference between △h1 and △h as the compensation amount B of the actual waistline point M, and measure the compensation amount B at the first placement point E to obtain the actual waistline point M.

[0024] Apply the technical solution of the present invention. Install a measuring instrument 10 at the slope-changing point in the roadway, calculate the first height difference ΔH between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the known waistline point K. When the top of the measuring instrument 10 is higher than the known waistline point K, the value of ΔH is negative; when the top of the measuring instrument 10 is lower than the known waistline point K, the value of ΔH is positive. Place a visible structure 30 at the first placement point E on the side wall surface 20 of the waistline to be marked. Measure and calculate the second height difference Δh between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the top of the visible structure 30 through the measuring instrument 10. When the top of the measuring instrument 10 is higher than the top of the visible structure 30, the second height difference Δh is negative; when the top of the measuring instrument 10 is higher than the top of the visible structure 30, the second height difference Δh is positive. Obtain the distance between the first placement point and the actual waistline point M at the first placement point through ΔH + H1 - Δh, and calibrate the waistline according to the final result. Throughout the process, the placement point of the visible structure 30 can be flexibly selected, and there is no need to measure the point spacing. Only one staff member is required to complete all operations, reducing the setting-out time and improving the measurement efficiency. By measuring the distance with a total station and quickly calibrating the waistline using the Pythagorean theorem, the cumulative measurement error that occurs in the long-distance waistline calibration work underground is effectively solved, thereby reducing the amount of bottoming or topping of the project, better improving the work efficiency and reducing the waste of funds, and weakening or even eliminating the distance error, which can greatly improve the quality of underground projects.

[0025] Further, using the difference between Δh1 and Δh as the compensation amount for the actual waistline point M includes the following steps: Set the compensation amount B, where B = Δh1 - Δh. When Δh1 - Δh > 0, measure upward by B in the direction towards the roof 60 at the top of the visible structure 30 to obtain the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E; when Δh1 - Δh < 0, measure downward by B in the direction towards the floor 50 at the top of the visible structure 30 to obtain the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E. In this way, after calculating the compensation amount, the staff can directly measure from the top of the visible structure 30 according to the obtained data, and the operation is simple and fast.

[0026] Further, the calibration method further includes placing another visible structure 30 at the second placement point G downstream of the first placement point E, and repeating the method for obtaining the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E to obtain the actual waistline point M at the second placement point G, and sequentially connecting the obtained actual waistline points M to form the waistline N. In this way, the foresight point selection is flexible, only 1 person is required, there is no need to measure the point spacing, the setting-out time is reduced, the calculation is simple, the measurement efficiency is improved, and all the conveniences and required accuracies for engineering setting-out are met.

[0027] Further, the gradient of the floor 50 in the roadway is i or -i. The calculation method of the slope height H1 at the first placement point E includes measuring the distance a between the measuring instrument 10 and the side wall surface 20 of the waist line to be marked, and the foot of the perpendicular is point F; measuring the horizontal distance d between the measuring instrument 10 and the visible structure 30 at the first placement point E; in the same horizontal plane, according to the Pythagorean theorem, the horizontal distance between the first placement point E and the foot of the perpendicular point F is calculated as The slope height H1 is calculated according to the formula H1 = L×i or H1 = L×(-i). In this way, the horizontal distance between A and B can be directly calculated according to the Pythagorean theorem, and the slope height H1 can be directly calculated according to the gradient of the floor 50 in the roadway being i or -i, which simplifies the calculation amount and makes the data more accurate.

[0028] Further, the elevation HB of the measuring instrument 10 obtained by indirect measurement includes the following steps. Given that the elevation of the roof 60 of the roadway is H2, measure the distance H3 between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the roof 60 of the roadway. The elevation HB of the measuring instrument 10 is calculated according to the formula H2 - H3 = HB. In this way, by directly subtracting the elevation of the roof 60 of the roadway and the distance between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the roof 60 of the roadway, the elevation of the measuring instrument 10 can be obtained, and the data acquisition is simpler and more accurate.

[0029] Further, the two side wall surfaces 20 of the roadway are respectively the left side wall 21 and the right side wall 22. When the slope change point is the starting slope point, the side wall surface 20 of the waist line to be marked is the left side wall 21. When the slope change point is the downhill point, the side wall surface 20 of the waist line to be marked is the right side wall 22. In this way, the surveyors only need to calibrate on one side wall surface of the roadway, reducing the labor cost.

[0030] It should be noted that in this application, as Figure 2 shown, the slope is represented by the label P.

[0031] It should be noted that in this application, the elevation HA of the known waist line point K at the slope change point is the distance between the known waist line point K and the geoid 40. In this way, with the geoid 40 as the reference surface, the data is more accurate.

[0032] Further, the elevation H2 of the roof 60 of the roadway is the distance between the roof 60 and the geoid 40, and the elevation HB of the measuring instrument 10 is the distance between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the geoid 40. In this way, each data uses the geoid as the reference surface, the data is more accurate, and it is not easy to accumulate measurement errors, thereby reducing the amount of bottom excavation or bottom padding of the project, better improving the work efficiency and reducing the waste of funds, and can weaken or even eliminate the distance error, which can greatly improve the quality of underground projects.

[0033] It should be noted that in this application, the measuring instrument 10 is a total station instrument. In this way, the horizontal distance between the visible structure 30 and the measuring instrument 10 can be directly obtained, facilitating subsequent accurate calculations. On the other hand, the surveyor can calibrate multiple waistline points without moving the measuring instrument 10.

[0034] Furthermore, the visible structure 30 is a prism. In this way, when calibrating different waistline points, the calibration can be carried out by directly moving the prism, making the forward sight point selection flexible. Only one staff member is required to complete the operation, without measuring the point spacing, reducing the setting-out time, improving the measurement efficiency, being easy to operate, reducing the operation difficulty of the staff, and at the same time reducing the workload of the staff.

[0035] In this application, an embodiment of applying the above-mentioned method for calibrating the waistline in the roadway is as follows:

[0036] As Figure 3 shown, it is now required to calibrate the downhill waistline angle at a distance of 3.6 meters from the instrument to be: -2.83°. The distance between the geoid 40 and the roadway floor is 976.26 meters. All measurement data are based on the geoid 40, and the position of the prism is A.

[0037] Step 1: The height of the roadway roof 60 is: 979.928 meters. The distance between the top of the total station and the roadway roof 60 is: 2.356 meters. The height of the total station can be calculated as: HB = 979.928 - 2.356 = 977.572 meters;

[0038] Step 2: The designed distance between the waistline and the roadway floor 50 is 1.5 meters. Then the waistline height is: 976.26 + 1.5 = 977.76 meters;

[0039] The measured horizontal distance from the total station instrument to the slope change point is: HD = 3.6 meters. Then the height HA of the waistline point at the slope change point can be calculated as: 977.76 + 3.6 × tan2.83° = 977.938 meters;

[0040] Step 3: The height difference between the waistline point at the slope change point and the total station is: △H = HA - HB = 977.938 - 977.572 = 0.366 meters;

[0041] Step 4: The distance between the total station and the designed right sidewall 22 is: b = 3 meters. The measured horizontal distance between the total station at the slope change point and point A is: d = 9.611 meters. The height difference between the prism and the top of the total station is: △h = 0.015 meters. The designed distance between point A and the waistline point at this place is: B = △h1 - △h = -0.085 - 0.015 = -0.1 meter. It is measured that the prism is 0.1 meter in the direction of the floor 50 as the waistline point at A. Similarly, the waistline point at C can be obtained.

[0042] As can be seen from the above process, the entire wire laying process takes less than 2 minutes, greatly improving the wire laying speed and helping us quickly and accurately solve the waist line setting work of the slope project.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements, numerical expressions, and numerical values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for the sake of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the authorized specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0045] For the sake of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "above" can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature shown in the figure with other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will then be positioned "below" or "beneath" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding interpretations of the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be made.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described herein.

[0048] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating the waistline in a roadway, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Set up a measuring instrument (10) at the slope-changing point in the roadway. Indirectly measure the elevation of the measuring instrument (10) as HB, and the elevation of the known waistline point K at the slope-changing point is HA. In the direction from the floor (50) to the roof (60) of the roadway, calculate the first height difference ΔH = HA - HB between the top of the measuring instrument (10) and the known waistline point K; Place a visible structure (30) at the first placement point E on the side wall surface (20) of the roadway where the waistline is to be marked and downstream of the measuring instrument (10), and measure the second height difference Δh between the top of the measuring instrument (10) and the top of the visible structure (30). And the slope height at the first placement point E is H1; The third height difference between the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E and the top of the measuring instrument (10) is Δh1 = ΔH + H1; Use the difference between Δh1 and Δh as the compensation amount B for the actual waistline point M, and measure the compensation amount B at the first placement point E to obtain the actual waistline point M; Using the difference between Δh1 and Δh as the compensation amount for the actual waistline point M includes the following steps: Set the compensation amount B, where B = Δh1 - Δh. When Δh1 - Δh > 0, measure B upward in the direction towards the roof (60) at the top of the visible structure (30) to obtain the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E; when Δh1 - Δh < 0, measure B downward in the direction towards the floor (50) at the top of the visible structure (30) to obtain the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E; The elevation HA of the known waistline point K at the slope-changing point is the distance between the known waistline point K and the geoid (40), taking the geoid (40) as the reference surface to improve the accuracy of the method for calibrating the waistline in the roadway.

2. The calibration method according to claim 1, wherein The calibration method further includes: Continue to place another visible structure (30) at the second placement point G downstream of the first placement point E, and repeat the method for obtaining the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E to obtain the actual waistline point M at the second placement point G, and successively connect the obtained actual waistline points M to form the waistline N.

3. The calibration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope of the floor (50) in the roadway is i or -i. The calculation method of the slope height H1 at the first placement point E includes: Measure the distance a between the measuring instrument (10) and the side wall surface (20) where the waistline is to be marked, and the foot of the perpendicular is point F; Measure the horizontal distance d between the measuring instrument (10) and the visible structure (30) at the first placement point E; In the same horizontal plane, calculate the horizontal distance between the first placement point E and the foot of the perpendicular point F according to the Pythagorean theorem as ； Calculate the slope height H1 according to the formula H1 = L×i or H1 = L×(-i).

4. The calibration method according to claim 1, wherein Indirectly measuring the elevation HB of the measuring instrument (10) includes the following steps: It is known that the elevation of the roof (60) of the roadway is H2. Measure the distance H3 between the top of the measuring instrument (10) and the roof (60) of the roadway. Calculate the elevation HB of the measuring instrument (10) according to the formula H2 - H3 = HB.

5. The calibration method according to claim 1, characterized in that The two side wall surfaces (20) of the roadway are the left side (21) and the right side (22) respectively. When the slope change point is the starting slope point, the side wall surface (20) of the waist line to be marked is the left side (21). When the slope change point is the downhill point, the side wall surface (20) of the waist line to be marked is the right side (22).

6. The calibration method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elevation H2 of the roof (60) of the roadway is the distance between the roof (60) and the geoid (40). The elevation HB of the measuring instrument (10) is the distance between the top of the measuring instrument (10) and the geoid (40).

7. The calibration method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The measuring instrument (10) is a total station instrument.

8. The calibration method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The visible structure (30) is a prism.

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