Stern shaft device and vessel

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ship components, and in particular to a stern shaft device and a ship. The stern shaft device comprises a stern tube, a stern shaft, a rolling bearing and a spline sleeve. The stern shaft is rotatably penetrated through the stern tube. Sealing units are respectively arranged at both ends of the stern tube. The stern tube, the sealing unit and the stern shaft form a closed space. The rolling bearing is installed in the closed space. The rolling bearing is sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft through the spline sleeve to support the stern shaft. The beneficial effects are as follows: the stern tube, the sealing unit and the stern shaft form a closed space, which is beneficial to protecting and lubricating the rolling bearing installed in the closed space; the stern shaft is supported by the rolling bearing, and the present invention can meet the demand of the ship for low-speed working conditions; the rolling bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the stern shaft through a spline sleeve to support the stern shaft, which greatly reduces the machining accuracy requirements of the bearing installation on the positioning dimensions of the stern shaft and the stern tube, and the axial freedom of the stern shaft can be retained to eliminate the axial stress on the shaft system after the hull is deformed under the action of surge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship components, and in particular to a stern shaft device and a ship. Background Art

[0002] On ships using conventional propulsion, the power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller (propeller) via a highly elastic coupling, a reduction gearbox, an intermediate drive shaft and a stern shaft. The thrust generated by the propeller acts on the output shaft of the reduction gearbox via the stern shaft and the intermediate drive shaft, and is transmitted through the reduction gearbox to generate propulsion power for the ship to sail.

[0003] With the continuous development of shipbuilding technology, some ship navigation conditions require propellers to operate at extremely low speeds, especially for conventional propulsion systems that use variable frequency propulsion motors as power. The propellers can and need to operate at lower speeds. When the stern shaft runs at an extremely low speed, the pressure lubrication film cannot be established between the sliding bearing and the stern shaft by itself, which will aggravate the wear of the bearings and stern shaft, affect the service life, increase maintenance and repair costs, and fail to meet the use requirements.

[0004] According to the revised notice of "Steel Inland Ship Construction Rules"-2021 issued by the classification society, a new chapter on the application of relevant rolling bearings in the ship's stern shaft and stern tube system has been added. In the application of relevant technologies, the bearings are directly installed between the stern shaft and the stern tube, which has the following disadvantages: the installation method of the bearings puts forward higher requirements on the positioning size and processing accuracy of the stern shaft and stern tube; the disassembly, inspection, maintenance and installation of the stern shaft all require the disassembly and installation of the bearings on site, which is difficult in the narrow space of the ship; at the same time, the installation accuracy of the bearings is also difficult to guarantee; in the conventional propulsion shaft system, the propulsion force of the ship is The fulcrum is transferred from the original gearbox to the stern tube. The stern tube needs to bear the axial thrust of the propeller and the stern shaft. Its structural design as well as the hull structure and installation must consider the strength requirements of the ship's propulsion force; the axial freedom of the stern shaft is limited, which brings unfavorable factors to the alignment and installation of the shaft system; the stern shaft and the gearbox output shaft are both equipped with rolling bearings, including thrust bearings, and the axial freedom of the entire shaft system is limited. On ships with longer shaft systems, when the ship is subjected to surge, the axial stress on the shaft system after the hull is deformed cannot be eliminated, which is not conducive to the operation of the bearings and is prone to heat and damage. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the stern shaft of a ship cannot form a lubricating protective film under low speed conditions, and when the ship is subjected to surge, the axial stress on the shaft system after the hull is deformed cannot be eliminated, which is not conducive to the operation of the bearing and is prone to heat and damage.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a stern shaft device, including a stern tube, a stern shaft, a rolling bearing and a spline sleeve, the stern shaft is rotatably penetrated through the stern tube, sealing units are respectively provided at both ends of the stern tube, the stern tube, the sealing unit and the stern shaft form a closed space, the rolling bearing is installed in the closed space, and the rolling bearing is sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft through the spline sleeve to support the stern shaft.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the sealing unit includes a front sealing unit and a rear sealing unit, the rolling bearing includes a front rolling bearing and a rear rolling bearing, the spline sleeve includes a front spline sleeve and a rear spline sleeve, the front rolling bearing is sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft through the front spline sleeve to support the stern shaft, the rear rolling bearing is sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft through the rear spline sleeve to support the stern shaft, the front rolling bearing has a first outer ring, the rear rolling bearing has a second outer ring, the front sealing unit is arranged at the front end of the stern tube, and the first outer ring is fixed to the inner side wall of the stern tube, and the rear sealing unit is arranged at the rear end of the stern tube, and the second outer ring is fixed to the inner side wall of the stern tube.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the front sealing unit includes a front shaft sleeve, a front pressure ring assembly, a front sealing ring assembly and a front mounting flange. The front shaft sleeve and the front pressure ring assembly are sequentially sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft. The front shaft sleeve and the front pressure ring assembly form a front lubrication cavity that passes through the front and back. The front pressure ring assembly is provided with a front interface that is connected to the front lubrication cavity. The front sealing ring assembly is installed in the front lubrication cavity and seals the front and rear ends of the lubrication cavity. The front mounting flange connects the front pressure ring assembly and the front end of the stern tube.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the front end of the stern tube is recessed inward to form a front limit groove, the inner side of the front mounting flange is provided with a front limit portion extending along the axial direction of the stern tube, and the two ends of the first outer ring are respectively abutted against the front limit portion and the front limit groove.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the front pressure ring assembly includes a sand-proof ring and three front sealing rings, which are arranged on the outside of the sleeve at intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve. The sand-proof ring seals the front end of the front lubrication cavity, and one of the front sealing rings seals the rear end of the front lubrication cavity.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the rear sealing unit includes a rear shaft sleeve, a rear pressure ring assembly, a rear sealing ring assembly and a rear mounting flange. The rear shaft sleeve and the rear pressure ring assembly are sequentially sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft. The rear shaft sleeve and the rear pressure ring assembly form a rear lubrication cavity with a rear end opening. The rear pressure ring assembly is provided with a rear interface connected to the rear lubrication cavity. The rear sealing ring assembly is installed in the rear lubrication cavity and seals the rear end of the lubrication cavity. The rear mounting flange connects the rear pressure ring assembly with the rear end of the stern tube.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the rear end of the stern tube is recessed inward to form a rear limit groove, the inner side of the rear mounting flange is provided with a rear limit portion extending along the axial direction of the stern tube, and the two ends of the second outer ring are respectively abutted against the rear limit portion and the rear limit groove.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the rear pressure ring assembly includes two rear sealing rings, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve and arranged on the outer side of the sleeve, and one of the rear sealing rings seals the rear end of the rear lubrication cavity.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the rolling bearing has an inner ring, and the inner ring is limited to the outer side wall of the spline sleeve by a retaining ring.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vessel, comprising the stern shaft device as described in the above technical solution.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the stern shaft device of the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the stern tube, the sealing unit and the stern shaft form a closed space, which is conducive to protecting and lubricating the rolling bearing installed in the closed space; the stern shaft is supported by the rolling bearing, and the present invention can meet the ship's demand for low-speed working conditions; the rolling bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the stern shaft through a spline sleeve to support the stern shaft, which greatly reduces the machining accuracy requirements of the bearing installation on the stern shaft and the stern tube positioning dimensions, and can retain the axial degree of freedom of the stern shaft to eliminate the axial stress of the shaft system after the hull is deformed under the action of surge. At the same time, according to the performance of the rolling bearing, compared with the sliding bearing, the friction resistance during operation is smaller, the transmission efficiency of the shaft system is improved, and a certain energy-saving effect is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a stern shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Detailed diagram of point A in the middle;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Detailed diagram of point B in the middle;

[0020] In the figure, 1, stern tube;

[0021] 2. Stern shaft;

[0022] 3. Rolling bearing; 31. Front rolling bearing; 311. First outer ring; 32. Rear rolling bearing; 321. Second outer ring;

[0023] 41. Front spline sleeve; 42. Rear spline sleeve;

[0024] 5. Sealing unit; 51. Front sealing unit; 511. Front shaft sleeve; 512. Front pressure ring assembly; 5131. Anti-sand ring; 5132. Front sealing ring; 514. Front mounting flange; 5141. Front limiting part; 52. Rear sealing unit; 521. Rear shaft sleeve; 522. Rear pressure ring assembly 522; 5231. Rear sealing ring; 524. Rear mounting flange; 5241. Rear limiting part; 501. Front lubrication chamber; 502. Rear lubrication chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or a welding connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a stern shaft device of a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a stern tube 1, a stern shaft 2, a rolling bearing 3 and a spline sleeve. The stern shaft 2 is rotatably penetrated in the stern tube 1. Sealing units 5 are respectively provided at both ends of the stern tube 1. The stern tube 1, the sealing unit 5 and the stern shaft 2 form a closed space. The rolling bearing 3 is installed in the closed space. The rolling bearing 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the stern shaft 2 through the spline sleeve to support the stern shaft 2.

[0029] It can be understood that the stern tube 1, the sealing unit 5 and the stern shaft 2 form a closed space, which is conducive to protecting and lubricating the rolling bearing 3 installed in the closed space; the stern shaft 2 is supported by the rolling bearing 3, and the present invention can meet the ship's demand for low-speed working conditions; the rolling bearing 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the stern shaft 2 through a spline sleeve to support the stern shaft 2, which greatly reduces the bearing installation. The machining accuracy requirements for the positioning dimensions of the stern shaft 2 and the stern tube 1 can be retained, and the axial freedom of the stern shaft 2 can be retained to eliminate the axial stress on the shaft system after the hull is deformed under the action of surge.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, further, the sealing unit 5 includes a front sealing unit 51 and a rear sealing unit 52, the rolling bearing 3 includes a front rolling bearing 31 and a rear rolling bearing 32, the spline sleeve includes a front spline sleeve 41 and a rear spline sleeve 42, the front rolling bearing 31 is sleeved on the outer wall of the stern shaft 2 through the front spline sleeve 41 to support the stern shaft 2, the rear rolling bearing 32 is sleeved on the outer wall of the stern shaft 2 through the rear spline sleeve 42 to support the stern shaft 2, the front rolling bearing 31 has a first outer ring 311, the rear rolling bearing 32 has a second outer ring 321, the front sealing unit 51 is arranged at the front end of the stern tube 1, and the first outer ring 311 is fixed to the inner wall of the stern tube 1, and the rear sealing unit 52 is arranged at the rear end of the stern tube 1, and the second outer ring 321 is fixed to the inner wall of the stern tube 1.

[0031] It can be understood that the front rolling bearing 31 and the rear rolling bearing 32 are respectively sleeved on the outer wall of the stern shaft 2 through the front spline sleeve 41 and the rear spline sleeve 42 to support the stern shaft 2, which can improve the support stability of the rolling bearing 3 on the stern shaft 2. The first outer ring 311 and the second outer ring 321 are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the stern tube 1 through the front sealing unit 51 and the rear sealing unit 52, which can further improve the support stability of the rolling bearing 3 and retain the axial freedom of the stern shaft 2 to eliminate the axial stress of the shaft system after the hull is deformed under the action of surge. At the same time, according to the performance of the rolling bearing 3, compared with the sliding bearing, the friction resistance during operation is smaller, the transmission efficiency of the shaft system is improved, and a certain energy-saving effect is achieved.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, further, the front sealing unit 51 includes a front shaft sleeve 511, a front pressure ring assembly 512, a front sealing ring 5132 assembly and a front mounting flange 514. The front shaft sleeve 511 and the front pressure ring assembly 512 are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the stern shaft 2. The front shaft sleeve 511 and the front pressure ring assembly 512 form a front lubrication cavity 501 that runs through the front and back. The front pressure ring assembly 512 is provided with a front interface that is connected to the front lubrication cavity 501. The front sealing ring 5132 assembly is installed in the front lubrication cavity 501 and seals the front and rear ends of the lubrication cavity. The front mounting flange 514 connects the front pressure ring assembly 512 with the front end of the stern tube 1.

[0033] It is understandable that the front lubrication cavity 501 can be fed with and store lubricating oil through the front interface, which can improve the lubrication and cooling effect of the front sealing ring 5132 component and the stern shaft 2, and avoid aging of the front sealing ring 5132 component and wear of the outer wall of the stern shaft 2. The sealing ring component seals the front and rear ends of the lubrication cavity, which can avoid leakage of lubricating oil.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, further, the front end of the stern tube 1 is recessed inward to form a front limiting groove, and a front limiting portion 5141 extending along the axial direction of the stern tube 1 is provided on the inner side of the front mounting flange 514, and both ends of the first outer ring 311 are respectively abutted against the front limiting portion 5141 and the front limiting groove.

[0035] It can be understood that the two ends of the first outer ring 311 are respectively abutted against the front limit portion 5141 and the front limit groove, so that the axial freedom of the first outer ring 311 is limited, which can further improve the supporting stability of the rolling bearing 3 and retain the axial freedom of the stern shaft 2 to eliminate the axial stress on the shaft system after the hull is deformed under the action of surge.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, further, the front pressure ring assembly 512 includes a sand-proof ring 5131 and three front sealing rings 5132. The sand-proof ring 5131 and the three front sealing rings 5132 are arranged on the outside of the sleeve along the axial direction of the sleeve and are spaced apart. The sand-proof ring 5131 seals the front end of the front lubrication cavity 501, and one of the front sealing rings 5132 seals the rear end of the front lubrication cavity 501.

[0037] It can be understood that the anti-sand ring 5131 seals the front end of the front lubrication cavity 501, and one of the front sealing rings 5132 seals the rear end of the front lubrication cavity 501, which can avoid the leakage of lubricating oil.

[0038] Preferably, the front sealing ring 5132 abuts against the outer side wall of the sleeve via a sealing ring spring, so that when the stern shaft 2 bounces, the front sealing ring 5132 will remain in abutment with the sleeve to perform a sealing function.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, further, the rear sealing unit 52 includes a rear shaft sleeve 521, a rear pressure ring assembly 522, a rear sealing ring 5231 assembly and a rear mounting flange 524. The rear shaft sleeve 521 and the rear pressure ring assembly 522 are sequentially sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft 2. The rear shaft sleeve 521 and the rear pressure ring assembly 522 form a rear lubrication cavity 502 with a rear end opening. The rear pressure ring assembly 522 is provided with a rear interface connected to the rear lubrication cavity 502. The rear sealing ring 5231 assembly is installed in the rear lubrication cavity 502 and seals the rear end of the lubrication cavity. The rear mounting flange 524 connects the rear pressure ring assembly 522 with the rear end of the stern tube 1.

[0040] It is understandable that the rear lubrication cavity 502 can be fed with and store lubricating oil through the rear interface, which can improve the lubrication and cooling effect of the rear sealing ring 5231 assembly and the stern shaft 2, and avoid aging of the rear sealing ring 5231 assembly and wear of the outer wall of the stern shaft 2. The sealing ring assembly seals the rear end of the lubrication cavity, which can avoid leakage of lubricating oil.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, further, the rear end of the stern tube 1 is recessed inward to form a rear limiting groove, and a rear limiting portion 5241 extending along the axial direction of the stern tube 1 is provided on the inner side of the rear mounting flange 524, and both ends of the second outer ring 321 are respectively abutted against the rear limiting portion 5241 and the rear limiting groove.

[0042] It can be understood that the two ends of the second outer ring 321 are respectively abutted against the rear limit portion 5241 and the rear limit groove, so that the axial freedom of the second outer ring 321 is limited, which can further improve the supporting stability of the rolling bearing 3 and retain the axial freedom of the stern shaft 2 to eliminate the axial stress on the shaft system after the hull is deformed under the action of surge.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, further, the rear pressure ring assembly 522 includes two rear sealing rings 5231 , which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve and arranged on the outer side of the sleeve, and one of the rear sealing rings 5231 seals the rear end of the rear lubrication cavity 502 .

[0044] It can be understood that the rear sealing ring 5231 seals the rear end of the front lubrication cavity 501 to prevent the leakage of lubricating oil.

[0045] Furthermore, the rolling bearing 3 has an inner ring, and the inner ring is limited to the outer side wall of the spline sleeve by a retaining ring.

[0046] It can be understood that the retaining ring plays a role in positioning and fixing, so that the present invention has a good centering and adjusting function, ensuring that the installation of the stern shaft 2 meets the requirements.

[0047] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vessel, comprising the stern shaft device according to the above embodiment.

[0048] It can be understood that, since the stern shaft device of the above embodiment is adopted, it has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0049] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a stern shaft device, wherein the stern tube 1, the sealing unit 5 and the stern shaft 2 form a closed space, which is conducive to protecting and lubricating the rolling bearing 3 installed in the closed space; the rolling bearing 3 is used to support the stern shaft 2, and the present invention can meet the ship's demand for low-speed working conditions; the rolling bearing 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the stern shaft 2 through a spline sleeve to support the stern shaft 2, and the axial degree of freedom of the stern shaft 2 can be retained to eliminate the axial stress of the shaft system after the hull is deformed under the action of surge. At the same time, according to the performance of the rolling bearing 3, compared with the sliding bearing, the friction resistance during operation is smaller, the transmission efficiency of the shaft system is improved, and a certain energy-saving effect is achieved.

[0050] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stern shaft device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a stern tube, a stern shaft, a rolling bearing and a spline sleeve, wherein the stern shaft is rotatably arranged in the stern tube, sealing units are respectively arranged at both ends of the stern tube, the stern tube, the sealing unit and the stern shaft form a closed space, the rolling bearing is installed in the closed space, and the rolling bearing is sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft through the spline sleeve to support the stern shaft; The sealing unit includes a front sealing unit and a rear sealing unit, the rolling bearing includes a front rolling bearing and a rear rolling bearing, the spline sleeve includes a front spline sleeve and a rear spline sleeve, the front rolling bearing is sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft through the front spline sleeve to support the stern shaft, the rear rolling bearing is sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft through the rear spline sleeve to support the stern shaft, the front rolling bearing has a first outer ring, the rear rolling bearing has a second outer ring, the front sealing unit is arranged at the front end of the stern tube, and the first outer ring is fixed to the inner side wall of the stern tube, and the rear sealing unit is arranged at the rear end of the stern tube, and the second outer ring is fixed to the inner side wall of the stern tube.

2. The stern shaft device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front sealing unit includes a front shaft sleeve, a front pressure ring assembly, a front sealing ring assembly and a front mounting flange. The front shaft sleeve and the front pressure ring assembly are sequentially sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft. The front shaft sleeve and the front pressure ring assembly form a front lubrication cavity that penetrates front and back. The front pressure ring assembly is provided with a front interface that is connected to the front lubrication cavity. The front sealing ring assembly is installed in the front lubrication cavity and seals the front and rear ends of the lubrication cavity. The front mounting flange connects the front pressure ring assembly and the front end of the stern tube.

3. The stern shaft device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end of the stern tube is recessed inward to form a front limiting groove, the inner side of the front mounting flange is provided with a front limiting portion extending along the axial direction of the stern tube, and the two ends of the first outer ring are respectively in contact with the front limiting portion and the front limiting groove.

4. The stern shaft device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front pressure ring assembly includes a sand-proof ring and three front sealing rings, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve on the outside of the sleeve. The sand-proof ring seals the front end of the front lubrication cavity, and one of the front sealing rings seals the rear end of the front lubrication cavity.

5. The stern shaft device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear sealing unit includes a rear shaft sleeve, a rear pressure ring assembly, a rear sealing ring assembly and a rear mounting flange. The rear shaft sleeve and the rear pressure ring assembly are sequentially sleeved on the outer side wall of the stern shaft. The rear shaft sleeve and the rear pressure ring assembly form a rear lubrication cavity with a rear end opening. The rear pressure ring assembly is provided with a rear interface connected to the rear lubrication cavity. The rear sealing ring assembly is installed in the rear lubrication cavity and seals the rear end of the lubrication cavity. The rear mounting flange connects the rear pressure ring assembly and the rear end of the stern tube.

6. The stern shaft device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear end of the stern tube is recessed inward to form a rear limiting groove, the inner side of the rear mounting flange is provided with a rear limiting portion extending along the axial direction of the stern tube, and both ends of the second outer ring are respectively in contact with the rear limiting portion and the rear limiting groove.

7. The stern shaft device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear pressure ring assembly comprises two rear sealing rings, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve and arranged on the outer side of the sleeve, and one of the rear sealing rings seals the rear end of the rear lubrication cavity.

8. The stern shaft device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling bearing has an inner ring, and the inner ring is limited to the outer side wall of the spline sleeve by a retaining ring.

9. A vessel, characterized in that: Comprising the stern shaft device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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