Battery management device, battery pack, and battery management method

Abstract

A battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery management device includes: a measurement unit configured to measure the voltage and capacity of a battery cell; a curve generation unit configured to generate a battery curve indicating the correspondence between the voltage and capacity measured by the measurement unit, and generate a positive electrode curve of the battery cell based on the generated battery curve, and a preset reference negative electrode curve and a reference negative electrode differential curve for the battery cell; and a control unit configured to receive the generated positive electrode curve from the curve generation unit, derive a conversion function indicating conversion information from a preset reference positive electrode curve for the battery cell to the generated positive electrode curve, generate a positive electrode prediction curve of the battery cell from the reference positive electrode curve based on the derived conversion function, and generate a battery prediction curve of the battery cell based on the generated positive electrode prediction curve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0113290 filed in Korea on September 4, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a battery management apparatus and method, and more particularly, to a battery management apparatus and method for generating a positive electrode curve and a battery curve of a battery cell in a non-destructive manner. Background Art

[0003] Recently, the demand for portable electronic products such as laptop computers, video cameras, and portable phones has increased dramatically, and electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites, etc. are being vigorously developed. Therefore, high-performance batteries that allow repeated charge and discharge are being actively researched.

[0004] Currently available batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium batteries, etc. Among these batteries, lithium batteries have attracted much attention because they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, and also have extremely low self-charging rate and high energy density.

[0005] Since batteries degrade with use, various curves are needed to accurately estimate the state of charge (SOC) and / or state of health (SOH) of a degraded battery. For example, providing a battery cell's battery curve, positive electrode curve, and negative electrode curve can most accurately analyze the battery cell's degradation.

[0006] Conventionally, to obtain the positive and negative electrode curves of a battery cell, the positive and negative electrodes are disassembled from the battery cell, washed, and then the positive and negative electrodes are reassembled. The positive and negative electrode curves are then obtained from the reassembled positive and negative electrode half-cells, respectively, using an experimental method such as a three-electrode system. This process takes a considerable amount of time to obtain the positive and negative electrode curves, and in particular, poses a problem in that the battery cell is exposed to the risk of explosion when it is disassembled.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology for obtaining the negative electrode curve and / or positive electrode curve of a battery cell in a fast and non-destructive manner. In addition, in order to analyze the degree of degradation of the battery cell, it is also necessary to develop a technology to obtain future battery curves in a non-destructive manner. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical issues

[0009] The present disclosure aims to solve the problems of the related art, and thus the present disclosure aims to provide a battery management device and method capable of obtaining a positive electrode curve by appropriately adjusting a preset negative electrode curve and a battery curve obtained based on the obtained positive electrode curve.

[0010] These and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure can be understood from the following detailed description, and these and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure become more apparent from the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, it will be readily understood that the objects and advantages of the present disclosure can be achieved by the means shown in the appended claims and their combinations.

[0011] Technical solution

[0012] In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery management device, the battery management device including: a measurement unit configured to measure the voltage and capacity of a battery cell; a curve generation unit configured to generate a battery curve representing the correspondence between the voltage and capacity measured by the measurement unit, and generate a positive electrode curve of the battery cell based on the generated battery curve and a preset reference negative electrode curve and a reference negative electrode differential curve for the battery cell; and a control unit configured to receive the generated positive electrode curve from the curve generation unit, derive a conversion function representing the conversion information from the preset reference positive electrode curve to the generated positive electrode curve, generate a positive electrode prediction curve of the battery cell from the reference positive electrode curve based on the derived conversion function, and generate a battery prediction curve of the battery cell based on the generated positive electrode prediction curve.

[0013] The curve generation unit may be configured to convert the battery curve into a battery differential curve representing the correspondence between the capacity and the differential voltage for the capacity, adjust the reference negative electrode differential curve to correspond to the battery differential curve, adjust the reference negative electrode curve to correspond to the adjusted negative electrode differential curve, and generate a positive electrode curve based on the adjusted negative electrode curve and the battery curve.

[0014] The curve generation unit may be configured to determine a plurality of reference peaks in the battery differential curve and adjust the reference negative electrode differential curve such that the capacities of a plurality of target peaks preset in the reference negative electrode differential curve become equal to the capacities of the corresponding reference peaks.

[0015] The curve generation unit may be configured to adjust the reference negative electrode differential curve by adjusting an offset corresponding to the minimum capacity of the reference negative electrode differential curve and a range representing the entire capacity region of the reference negative electrode differential curve.

[0016] The curve generation unit may be configured to adjust the reference negative electrode curve to correspond to the adjusted negative electrode differential curve by applying the change information of the offset and range of the adjusted negative electrode differential curve to the reference negative electrode curve.

[0017] The control unit may be configured to generate a battery prediction curve by calculating the difference between the voltage of the positive electrode prediction curve and the voltage of the adjusted negative electrode curve for the same capacity.

[0018] The control unit may be configured to generate a battery prediction curve by calculating the difference between the voltage of the positive electrode prediction curve and the voltage of the reference negative electrode curve for the same capacity.

[0019] The conversion function may be configured to convert the voltage per capacity of the reference positive electrode curve to the voltage per capacity of the generated positive electrode curve for the same capacity.

[0020] When the conversion function is provided as multiple conversion functions, the control unit may be configured to derive a conversion prediction function based on the change in voltage per capacity between the multiple conversion functions, and generate a positive electrode prediction curve by applying the derived conversion prediction function to the reference positive electrode curve.

[0021] The control unit may be configured to derive a conversion prediction function for the target point and generate a positive electrode prediction curve for the target point by applying the derived conversion prediction function to the reference positive electrode curve.

[0022] The curve generation unit may be configured to generate a battery curve and generate a positive electrode curve in each preset cycle.

[0023] The control unit may be configured to derive a conversion function between the reference positive electrode curve and each of the multiple positive electrode curves generated by the curve generation unit until the current cycle, derive a conversion prediction function based on the multiple derived conversion functions, generate a positive electrode prediction curve by using the conversion prediction function derived until the next cycle arrives and the reference positive electrode curve, and then generate a battery prediction curve.

[0024] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include a battery management device according to one aspect of the present disclosure.

[0025] A battery management method according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include: a measurement step of measuring the voltage and capacity of a battery cell; a battery curve generation step of generating a battery curve representing the correspondence between the voltage and capacity measured in the measurement step; a positive electrode curve generation step of generating a positive electrode curve of the battery cell based on the battery curve generated in the battery curve generation step and a preset reference negative electrode curve and reference negative electrode differential curve for the battery cell; a conversion function derivation step of deriving a conversion function representing conversion information from the preset reference positive electrode curve for the battery cell to the generated positive electrode curve; a positive electrode prediction curve generation step of generating a positive electrode prediction curve of the battery cell from the reference positive electrode curve based on the conversion function derived in the conversion function derivation step; and a battery prediction curve generation step of generating a battery prediction curve of the battery cell based on the positive electrode prediction curve generated in the positive electrode prediction curve generation step.

[0026] Technical effects

[0027] A battery management device according to one aspect of the present disclosure can estimate a battery curve by generating a positive electrode prediction curve based on the generated battery curve and generating a battery prediction curve based on the generated positive electrode prediction curve. Thus, even at a cycle point where a battery curve is not directly generated based on the capacity and voltage of the battery cell, a battery prediction curve can be generated. Therefore, since curves for analyzing the degradation of the battery cell can be ensured at more various cycle points, the accuracy of the degradation analysis of the battery cell can be improved.

[0028] The effects of the present disclosure are not limited to the above effects, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art according to the description of the claims. Brief description of the drawings

[0029] The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and are used together with the foregoing description of the invention to provide a further understanding of the technical features of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to the drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 is a diagram schematically showing a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 2 is a diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack including a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 3 is a diagram schematically showing a battery curve and a negative electrode curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 4 is a diagram schematically showing a battery differential curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 5 is a diagram schematically showing a reference negative differential curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 6 is a diagram schematically showing a negative differential curve adjusted by a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 7 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a positive electrode curve generated by a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 8 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a positive electrode prediction curve generated by a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 9 is a diagram schematically showing a transfer function and a transfer prediction function derived by a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 10 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a battery prediction curve generated by a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 11 is a diagram schematically showing a battery management method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Embodiments

[0041] It should be understood that the terms used in the specification and the appended claims should not be construed as limited to general and dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted based on the meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical solutions of the present disclosure on the basis of the principle that allows the inventor to appropriately define the terms for the best interpretation.

[0042] Therefore, the descriptions presented herein are only preferred examples for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, it should be understood that other equivalents and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0043] Additionally, when a detailed description of related known elements or functions is considered to obscure the key subject matter of the present disclosure during the description of the present disclosure, the detailed description is omitted herein.

[0044] Terms including ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", etc. may be used to distinguish one element from others among various elements, but are not intended to limit the elements by such terms.

[0045] Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as "including" or "comprising" any element, unless otherwise explicitly mentioned, it means that the part may further include other elements without excluding other elements.

[0046] In addition, the term "control unit" described in the specification refers to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0047] In addition, throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as "connected" to another part, it is not limited to the case where they are "directly connected", but also includes the case where they are "indirectly connected" and other elements are placed between them.

[0048] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 is a diagram schematically showing a battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 is a diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack 1 including a battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a measurement unit 110, a curve generation unit 120, and a control unit 130.

[0051] The measurement unit 110 may be configured to measure the voltage and capacity of the battery cell B. Here, the unit of voltage may be [V], and the unit of capacity may be [mAh].

[0052] Here, the battery cell B refers to an independent battery that includes a negative terminal and a positive terminal and is physically separable. For example, a pouch-type lithium polymer battery can be regarded as the battery cell B.

[0053] Specifically, the measurement unit 110 may measure the voltage of the battery by measuring the voltage across the battery cell B respectively. In addition, the measurement unit 110 may measure the current applied to the battery cell B and the charging time while the battery cell B is being charged. Additionally, the measurement unit 110 may measure the capacity of the battery cell B based on the measured current and charging time of the battery cell B.

[0054] For example, in Figure 2In an embodiment, the measurement unit 110 may be connected to the first sensing line SL1, the second sensing line SL2, and the third sensing line SL3. The measurement unit 110 may measure the voltage of the battery cell B through the first sensing line SL1 and the second sensing line SL2. Additionally, the measurement unit 110 may be connected to the current measurement unit A through the third sensing line SL3 and may measure the current of the battery cell B through the current measurement unit A. Preferably, the measurement unit 110 may include a timer capable of measuring the charging time while measuring the current of the battery cell B.

[0055] The curve generation unit 120 may be configured to receive the measured voltage and capacity from the measurement unit 110.

[0056] For example, in Figure 2 an embodiment, the curve generation unit 120 may be communicatively connected to the measurement unit 110. Additionally, the curve generation unit 120 may receive the voltage and capacity of the battery cell B from the measurement unit 110.

[0057] The curve generation unit 120 may be configured to generate a battery curve (Pb) representing the correspondence between the voltage and capacity measured by the measurement unit 110.

[0058] Figure 3 is a diagram schematically showing a battery curve (Pb) and a reference negative electrode curve (Pa) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, Figure 3 is a diagram schematically showing the battery curve (Pb) and the reference negative electrode curve (Pa) in the form of a graph. Specifically, Figure 3 is a diagram schematically showing an X - Y curve when the capacity is set to X and the voltage is set to Y.

[0059] Specifically, the battery curve (Pb) may be a curve configured to indicate the correspondence between the voltage and capacity of the battery cell B measured by the measurement unit 110 at the same time.

[0060] The curve generation unit 120 may be configured to generate a positive electrode curve of the battery cell B based on the generated battery curve (Pb) and a preset reference negative electrode curve (Pa) and reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) for the battery cell B.

[0061] Here, the reference negative electrode curve (Pa) may be a curve configured to indicate the correspondence between the negative electrode voltage and capacity of the battery cell B in the beginning - of - life (BOL) state. That is, the reference negative electrode curve (Pa) is a curve representing the correspondence between the voltage and capacity of the negative electrode half - cell in the BOL state. The reference negative electrode curve (Pa) may be pre - generated through charge / discharge experiments on the negative electrode half - cell.

[0062] Additionally, the reference negative differential curve (Pa_d) can be the differential curve of the reference negative curve (Pa) with respect to the capacity. Specifically, the reference negative differential curve (Pa_d) can be a curve configured to indicate the correspondence between the capacity of the BOL negative electrode cell and the differential voltage. Here, the differential voltage is the differential value of the voltage with respect to the capacity, and can be expressed as "dV / dQ", with the unit of [V / mAh]. That is to say, the differential voltage can be a value representing the instantaneous change rate of the voltage with respect to the capacity.

[0063] Generally, the cell curve (Pb) can be expressed as the difference between the voltage of the positive electrode curve and the voltage of the negative electrode curve for the same capacity. In other words, the positive electrode curve can be expressed as the sum of the voltage of the cell curve (Pb) and the voltage of the negative electrode curve for the same capacity.

[0064] Therefore, the curve generation unit 120 can generate the positive electrode curve based on the generated cell curve (Pb) while considering the reference negative curve (Pa) and the reference negative differential curve (Pa_d). The specific details of the implementation manner in which the curve generation unit 120 generates the positive electrode curve will be described later.

[0065] The control unit 130 can be configured to receive the generated positive electrode curve from the curve generation unit 120.

[0066] For example, in Figure 2 the implementation manner, the control unit 130 and the curve generation unit 120 can be communicatively connected. Additionally, the control unit 130 can receive the positive electrode curve from the curve generation unit 120.

[0067] The control unit 130 can be configured to derive a conversion function representing the conversion information from the reference positive electrode curve preset for the battery cell B to the generated positive electrode curve.

[0068] Here, the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) corresponds to the reference negative electrode curve (Pa), and can be a curve configured to indicate the correspondence between the voltage and the capacity of the positive electrode of the battery cell B in the BOL state. That is to say, the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) can be a curve configured to indicate the correspondence between the voltage and the capacity of the positive electrode half-cell in the BOL state. The reference positive electrode curve (Pc) can be pre-generated through the charge / discharge experiment of the positive electrode half-cell.

[0069] Additionally, the conversion function can be configured to convert the voltage per capacity of the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) to the voltage per capacity for the same capacity of the generated positive electrode curve. That is to say, when the derived conversion function is applied to the reference positive electrode curve (Pc), the positive electrode curve generated by the curve generation unit 120 can be generated.

[0070] Specifically, the control unit 130 can derive a conversion function that can convert the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) into the generated positive electrode curve by comparing the voltage of the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) with the voltage of the positive electrode curve generated by the curve generation unit 120 for the same capacity.

[0071] For example, assume that the curve generation unit 120 generates a battery curve (Pb) and a positive electrode curve at the 100th cycle point and the 200th cycle point, respectively. The control unit 130 can derive a first conversion function (f1) corresponding to the 100th cycle point by comparing the positive electrode curve generated at the 100th cycle point with the reference positive electrode curve (Pc). Additionally, the control unit 130 can derive a second conversion function (f2) corresponding to the 200th cycle point by comparing the positive electrode curve generated at the 200th cycle point with the reference positive electrode curve (Pc).

[0072] The control unit 130 can be configured to generate a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) of the battery cell B from the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) based on the derived conversion function.

[0073] Specifically, the control unit 130 can derive a conversion prediction function (fe) by using the derived conversion function.

[0074] Here, the conversion prediction function (fe) can be a conversion function estimated by the control unit 130. That is, the conversion prediction function (fe) can be a function for generating the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) of the battery cell B at a time point when the positive electrode curve is not generated by the curve generation unit 120.

[0075] In addition, the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) is a positive electrode curve estimated for the battery cell B, and it can be a prediction curve estimated when the control unit 130 applies the derived conversion prediction function (fe) to the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) instead of being generated by the curve generation unit 120.

[0076] For example, when the control unit 130 derives multiple conversion functions, the control unit 130 can compare the multiple conversion functions to derive the correspondence between the multiple conversion functions. Additionally, the control unit 130 can derive the conversion prediction function (fe) according to the derived correspondence. After that, the control unit 130 can generate the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) by applying the derived conversion prediction function (fe) to the reference positive electrode curve (Pc).

[0077] As in the foregoing embodiments, it is assumed that the control unit 130 derives a first conversion function (f1) at the 100th cycle point and a second conversion function (f2) at the 200th cycle point. The control unit 130 can determine the change information of the conversion function according to the cycle by comparing the first conversion function (f1) with the second conversion function (f2). In addition, the control unit 130 can derive a conversion prediction function (fe) for cycle points other than the 100th cycle point and the 200th cycle point based on the determined change information. Preferably, the control unit 130 can derive a conversion prediction function (fe) at a time point after the 200th cycle point.

[0078] The control unit 130 may be configured to generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) of the battery cell B based on the generated positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e).

[0079] For example, it is assumed that the control unit 130 derives a conversion prediction function (fe) at the 250th cycle point. The control unit 130 can generate a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) at the 250th cycle point by applying the derived conversion prediction function (fe) to the reference positive electrode curve (Pc). In addition, the control unit 130 can generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) at the 250th cycle point based on the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) at the 250th cycle point.

[0080] The battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can generate a battery curve (Pb) by measuring the capacity and voltage of the battery cell B when it intends to obtain the battery curve (Pb). However, in the case of generating the battery curve (Pb) by measuring the capacity and voltage of the battery cell B at each cycle, it is necessary to control the charge and discharge of the battery cell B to obtain an accurate battery curve (Pb). Therefore, there is a problem that the use of the battery cell B is too restricted. For example, in order to obtain an accurate battery curve (Pb), a low charge / discharge rate of 0.05 C-rate to 0.3 C-rate is required, which may cause excessive restrictions in the use of the battery cell B.

[0081] Therefore, the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can estimate the battery curve (Pb) by generating a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) based on the generated battery curve (Pb) and generating a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) based on the generated positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e). Thus, even at cycle points where the battery curve (Pb) is not directly generated based on the capacity and voltage of the battery cell B, a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) can be generated. Therefore, since curves for analyzing the degradation of the battery cell B can be ensured at more different cycle points, the accuracy of the degradation analysis of the battery cell B can be improved.

[0082] In addition, the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can generate a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) and a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) for a future time point by deriving a conversion prediction function (fe) based on the correspondence between the derived conversion functions. That is, since the battery management device 100 can generate a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) and a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) for a future time point, the advantage is that various curves can be ensured to analyze the expected deterioration of the battery cell B.

[0083] In addition, the control unit 130 provided to the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may selectively include a processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chip sets, logic circuits, registers, communication modems, data processing devices, etc., which are well known in the art, to execute various control logics performed in the present disclosure. In addition, when the control logic is implemented in software, the control unit 130 can be implemented as a set of program modules. At this time, the program modules can be stored in the memory and executed by the control unit 130. The memory can be located inside or outside the control unit 130 and can be connected to the control unit 130 in various well-known ways.

[0084] In addition, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the battery management device 100 may further include a storage unit 140. The storage unit 140 can store data required for the operation and function of each component of the battery management device 100, data generated during the execution of the operation or function, etc. For example, the storage unit 140 can store the programs and data required for the curve generation unit 120 to generate a battery curve (Pb), a positive electrode curve, and the control unit 130 to generate a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) and a battery prediction curve (Pb_e).

[0085] Specifically, the storage unit 140 is not particularly limited in terms of type as long as it is a known information storage device that can record, erase, update, and read data. As an example, the information storage device may include a RAM, a flash memory, a ROM, an EEPROM, a register, etc. In addition, the storage unit 140 can store program codes that define the processes executable by the measurement unit 110, the curve generation unit 120, and the control unit 130.

[0086] Hereinafter, embodiments in which the curve generation unit 120 generates a positive electrode curve will be described in more detail.

[0087] First, the curve generation unit 120 can be configured to convert a battery curve (Pb) into a battery differential curve (Pb_d) representing the correspondence between the capacity and the differential voltage for that capacity.

[0088] Specifically, the curve generation unit 120 may convert a battery curve (Pb) representing the correspondence between the capacity and voltage of the battery cell B into a battery differential curve (Pb_d) representing the correspondence between the capacity and differential voltage of the battery cell B.

[0089] Figure 4 FIG. is a diagram schematically showing a battery differential curve (Pb_d) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, Figure 4 FIG. is a diagram showing the battery differential curve (Pb_d) in the form of a line graph. Specifically, Figure 4 FIG. is a diagram schematically showing an X-Y curve when the capacity of the battery cell B is set as the X-axis and the differential voltage is set as the Y-axis.

[0090] Next, the curve generation unit 120 may be configured to adjust a reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) to correspond to the battery differential curve (Pb_d).

[0091] Figure 5 FIG. is a diagram schematically showing a reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, Figure 5 FIG. is a diagram showing the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) in the form of a line graph. Specifically, Figure 5 FIG. is a diagram schematically showing an X-Y curve when the capacity of the negative electrode half-cell is set as the X-axis and the differential voltage is set as the Y-axis.

[0092] Specifically, the curve generation unit 120 may be configured to determine a plurality of reference peaks in the battery differential curve (Pb_d).

[0093] The reference peak may be a peak where the instantaneous change rate of the differential voltage with respect to the capacity is 0 and the differential voltage is the largest in the corresponding capacity region. For example, in Figure 4 the embodiment, the curve generation unit 120 may determine the peak where the instantaneous change rate of the differential voltage with respect to the capacity is 0 and the differential voltage is the largest in the first capacity region as the first reference peak (RP1). In addition, the curve generation unit 120 may determine the peak where the instantaneous change rate of the differential voltage with respect to the capacity is 0 and the differential voltage is the largest in the second capacity region as the second reference peak (RP2).

[0094] In addition, the first capacity region and the second capacity region may be preset to not overlap with each other. In addition, information about the first capacity region and the second capacity region may be pre-stored in the curve generation unit 120 and / or the storage unit 140.

[0095] Specifically, the first capacity region and the second capacity region may be capacity regions configured in consideration of the electrochemical characteristics of the battery cell B. For example, in the battery differential curve (Pb_d), a predetermined capacity region where a first reference peak (RP1) may appear may be preset as the first capacity region, and a predetermined capacity region where a second reference peak (RP2) may appear may be preset as the second capacity region. More specific embodiments of the first capacity region and the second capacity region will be described later.

[0096] For example, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the first capacity region may be set to a capacity region of 0% to 30% in the entire capacity region (min to max1 region) of the negative electrode half-cell of the BOL battery cell B. The first capacity region may be preset as a region from "min" to "min + {(max1 - min) × 0.3}". Additionally, the second capacity region may be set to a capacity region of 40% to 60% in the entire capacity region (min to max1 region) of the negative electrode half-cell of the BOL battery cell B. The second capacity region may be preset as a region from "min + {(max1 - min) × 0.4}" to "min + {(max1 - min) × 0.6}".

[0097] The curve generation unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) such that the capacities of a plurality of target peaks preset in the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) become equal to the capacities of the corresponding reference peaks.

[0098] Figure 6 is a diagram schematically showing the negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d2) adjusted by the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0099] Specifically, the curve generation unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) by adjusting the offset corresponding to the minimum capacity of the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) and the range representing the entire capacity region of the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d).

[0100] Referring to Figure 5 , the offset may correspond to the minimum capacity among the entire capacity region of the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d), and the range may correspond to the entire capacity region of the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d).

[0101] That is, the curve generation unit 120 may adjust the offset and / or the range of the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) such that the capacities of a plurality of target peaks included in the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) become equal to the capacities of the corresponding reference peaks.

[0102] For example, referring to Figure 4 , the capacity of the first reference peak (RP1) included in the battery differential curve (Pb_d) may be a1 [mAh], and the capacity of the second reference peak (RP2) may be a2 [mAh]. Additionally, referring to Figure 5 , the capacity of the first target peak (TP1) included in the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) may be b1 [mAh], and the capacity of the second target peak (TP2) may be b2 [mAh]. As in the embodiment of Figure 6 , the curve generation unit 120 may adjust the offset and / or range of the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) such that the capacity of the first target peak (TP1) becomes a1 [mAh] and the capacity of the second target peak (TP2) becomes a2 [mAh].

[0103] For example, since in the negative electrode curve of the battery cell B in the BOL state, the minimum capacity and / or size of the entire capacity region may change, even if the battery cell B deteriorates, the shape of the negative electrode curve can be maintained. That is, even if the battery cell B deteriorates, the range of the entire capacity region of the negative electrode curve changes as a whole, rather than only changing the range of some capacity regions in the entire capacity region of the negative electrode curve. Therefore, even if the battery cell B deteriorates, the shape of the negative electrode curve can be maintained. Thus, the curve generation unit 120 can obtain an adjusted negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d2) corresponding to the battery differential curve (Pb_d) by adjusting the offset and / or range of the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d).

[0104] Next, the curve generation unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference negative electrode curve (Pa) to correspond to the adjusted negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d2).

[0105] Specifically, the curve generation unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference negative electrode curve (Pa) to correspond to the adjusted negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d2) by applying the change information regarding the offset and range of the adjusted negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d2) to the reference negative electrode curve (Pa).

[0106] Figure 7 is a diagram schematically showing an example of generating a positive electrode curve (Pc2) by the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0107] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7, the curve generation unit 120 can generate an adjusted negative electrode curve (Pa2) by applying the offset and range of the adjusted negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d2) to the reference negative electrode curve (Pa).

[0108] Finally, the curve generation unit 120 can be configured to generate a positive electrode curve (Pc2) based on the adjusted negative electrode curve (Pa2) and the battery curve (Pb).

[0109] Specifically, the curve generation unit 120 can generate the positive electrode curve (Pc2) by adding the per-capacity voltage of the battery curve (Pb) and the per-capacity voltage of the adjusted negative electrode curve (Pa2) for the same capacity.

[0110] For example, in Figure 7 the embodiment, considering the capacity of S1 [mAh], the voltage corresponding to the capacity of S1 [mAh] in the adjusted negative electrode curve (Pa2) can be Va [V], and the voltage corresponding to the capacity of S1 [mAh] in the battery curve (Pb) can be Vb [V]. The curve generation unit 120 can obtain Vc [V] by calculating "Va + Vb". In addition, the curve generation unit 120 can generate a positive electrode curve (Pc2) in which the voltage corresponding to the capacity of S1 [mAh] is Vc [V].

[0111] Hereinafter, more specific embodiments of the first capacity region and the second capacity region will be described in consideration of the characteristics of the battery cell B.

[0112] Specifically, in Figure 5 the embodiment, the first target peak (TP1) and the second target peak (TP2) included in the negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) can be related to the staging phenomenon in which lithium ions are disjunct during the discharge process.

[0113] Generally, when the battery cell B discharges, a staging process in which lithium ions included between the graphite layers are disjunct is performed. The staging process during the discharge process proceeds from a high stage to a low stage according to the disjunct reaction of lithium ions. For example, during the discharge process, the staging process is performed in the order of stage IV, stage III, stage II, and stage I.

[0114] For example, in Figure 5 the embodiment, the capacity (b1) of the first target peak (TP1) included in the reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) can correspond to the negative electrode capacity when the stage III state is in progress. Specifically, the capacity (b1) of the first target peak (TP1) can correspond to the negative electrode capacity when the coexisting stage II and stage III states are converted to the stage III state.

[0115] In addition, in Figure 5 the embodiment of, the capacity (b2) of the second target peak (TP2) included in the reference negative differential curve (Pa_d) may correspond to the negative electrode capacity when the state of stage II is in progress. Specifically, the capacity (b2) of the second target peak (TP2) may correspond to the negative electrode capacity when the co-existing states of stage I and stage II are converted to the state of stage II.

[0116] In addition, due to the characteristics of the battery cell B, even if the battery cell B deteriorates, the capacities corresponding to the first target peak (TP1) and the second target peak (TP2) may not change significantly. In addition, depending on the degree of deterioration of the battery cell B, the capacity of each of the first reference peak (RP1) and the second reference peak (RP2) may be the same as or similar to the capacities of the first target peak (TP1) and the second target peak (TP2).

[0117] Therefore, the first capacity region is the capacity region where the first reference peak (RP1) is expected to appear, and can be set as the region considering the capacity of the first target peak (TP1). Similarly, the second capacity region is the capacity region where the second reference peak (RP2) is expected to appear, and can be set as the region considering the capacity of the second target peak (TP2).

[0118] For example, in Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 the embodiment of, the first capacity region may be set as the capacity region of 0% to 30% in the entire capacity region (min to max1 region) of the negative electrode half-cell of the BOL battery cell B. In addition, the second capacity region may be set as the capacity region of 40% to 60% in the entire capacity region (min to max1 region) of the negative electrode half-cell of the BOL battery cell B.

[0119] Hereinafter, the embodiment in which the control unit 130 generates the battery prediction curve (Pb_e) will be described in more detail.

[0120] First, when multiple conversion functions are provided, the control unit 130 may be configured to derive a conversion prediction function (fe) based on the per-capacity voltage change amount between the multiple conversion functions (f1, f2).

[0121] Preferably, in order for the control unit 130 to derive the conversion prediction function (fe), at least two conversion functions may be required.

[0122] Figure 8 FIG. is a diagram schematically showing an example of generating a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) by the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 9FIG. is a diagram schematically showing conversion functions (f1, f2) and a conversion prediction function (fe) derived by a battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0123] More specifically, Figure 8 FIG. shows a reference positive electrode curve (Pc), two positive electrode curves (hereinafter referred to as a second positive electrode curve (Pc2) and a third positive electrode curve (Pc3)) generated by a curve generation unit 120, and a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) generated by a control unit 130. Here, the second positive electrode curve (Pc2) may be a positive electrode curve generated by the curve generation unit 120 in the embodiment of Figure 7 FIG.

[0124] In addition, Figure 9 FIG. shows a first conversion function (f1) between the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) and the second positive electrode curve (Pc2), a second conversion function (f2) between the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) and the third positive electrode curve (Pc3), and a conversion prediction function (fe) between the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) and the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e). Here, the conversion prediction function (fe) can be derived based on the per-capacity voltage change amount between the first conversion function (f1) and the second conversion function (f2).

[0125] For example, in a previous embodiment, it is assumed that the positive electrode curve generated by the curve generation unit 120 at the 100th cycle point is the second positive electrode curve (Pc2), and the positive electrode curve generated at the 200th cycle point is the third positive electrode curve (Pc3). The control unit 130 can derive a first conversion function (f1) capable of converting the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) into the second positive electrode curve (Pc2) by comparing the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) and the second positive electrode curve (Pc2).

[0126] In addition, the control unit 130 can derive a second conversion function (f2) capable of converting the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) into the third positive electrode curve (Pc3) by comparing the reference positive electrode curve (Pc) and the third positive electrode curve (Pc3).

[0127] That is to say, the first conversion function (f1) is a conversion function corresponding to the 100th cycle point, and the second conversion function (f2) is a conversion function corresponding to the 200th cycle point.

[0128] In addition, the control unit 130 may derive a conversion prediction function (fe) based on the per-capacity voltage change rate between the first conversion function (f1) and the second conversion function (f2), considering the cycle points corresponding to each of the first conversion function (f1) and the second conversion function (f2). Specifically, the conversion prediction function (fe) derived by the control unit 130 may be a conversion function corresponding to the 300th cycle point.

[0129] In Figure 9 the embodiment, considering the S2 [mAh] capacity, the voltage corresponding to S2 [mAh] in the first conversion function (f1) is Vd [V], and the voltage corresponding to S2 [mAh] in the second conversion function (f2) is Ve [V]. The control unit 130 may derive a conversion prediction function (fe) with a voltage of Vf [V] corresponding to S2 [mAh] by considering that the difference between the cycle point corresponding to the first conversion function (f1) and the cycle point corresponding to the second conversion function (f2) is 100 cycle points. In this way, the control unit 130 may derive the conversion prediction function (fe) by comparing the per-capacity voltage of the first conversion function (f1) and the per-capacity voltage of the second conversion function (f2) in the entire capacity region.

[0130] Next, the control unit 130 may be configured to generate a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) by applying the derived conversion prediction function (fe) to the reference positive electrode curve (Pc).

[0131] Specifically, the control unit 130 may be configured to generate a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) of the target point by deriving the conversion prediction function (fe) of the target point and applying the derived conversion prediction function (fe) to the reference positive electrode curve (Pc).

[0132] For example, in the previous embodiment, the control unit 130 may derive a conversion prediction function (fe) corresponding to the 300th cycle point based on the first conversion function (f1) corresponding to the 100th cycle point and the second conversion function (f2) corresponding to the 200th cycle point. In addition, the control unit 130 may generate a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) corresponding to the 300th cycle point by applying the conversion prediction function (fe) to the reference positive electrode curve (Pc).

[0133] In the embodiment, the control unit 130 may be configured to generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) by calculating the difference between the voltage of the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) and the voltage of the adjusted negative electrode curve for the same capacity.

[0134] Figure 10FIG. is a diagram schematically showing an example of a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) generated by a battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0135] Referring to Figure 8 and Figure 10 , Figure 10 the adjusted negative electrode curve (Pa3) of Figure 10 may be a negative electrode curve corresponding to the third positive electrode curve (Pc3). That is,

[0136] For example, in Figure 10 the embodiment of

[0137] examining the S3 [mAh] capacity, the voltage corresponding to the S3 [mAh] capacity in the adjusted negative electrode curve (Pa3) may be Vg [V], while the voltage corresponding to the S3 [mAh] capacity in the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) may be Vi [V]. The control unit 130 may obtain Vh [V] by calculating "Vi - Vg". In addition, the control unit 130 may generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) in which the voltage corresponding to the S3 [mAh] capacity is Vh [V].

[0138] As described above, even when the battery cell B deteriorates, the negative electrode curve can change while maintaining the overall shape, and the degree of change may not be large. Therefore, the control unit 130 may generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) corresponding to the 300th cycle point based on the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) corresponding to the 300th cycle point and the adjusted negative electrode curve (Pa3) corresponding to the 200th cycle point.

[0139] In another embodiment, the control unit 130 may be configured to generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) by calculating the voltage difference between the voltage of the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) and the voltage of the reference negative electrode curve (Pa) for the same capacity.

[0140] For example, compared with Figure 10Depending on the implementation, the control unit 130 may generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) based on the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) and the reference negative electrode curve (Pa). That is, as described above, even if the battery cell B deteriorates, the shape of the reference negative electrode curve (Pa) does not change significantly. Therefore, the control unit 130 can also generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) that further takes into account the deterioration associated with the positive electrode of the battery cell B based on the reference negative electrode curve (Pa).

[0141] On the other hand, the curve generation unit 120 may be configured to generate a battery curve (Pb) and a positive electrode curve at each preset cycle.

[0142] For example, the curve generation unit 120 may generate a battery curve (Pb) and a positive electrode curve at every 100 cycle points. In Figure 8 the implementation, the second positive electrode curve (Pc2) may be the positive electrode curve generated at the 100th cycle point, and the third positive electrode curve (Pc3) may be the positive electrode curve generated at the 200th cycle point.

[0143] In addition, the control unit 130 may be configured to derive a conversion function between each of the multiple positive electrode curves (Pc2, Pc3) generated by the curve generation unit 120 up to the current cycle and the reference positive electrode curve (Pc), and derive a conversion prediction function (fe) based on the multiple derived conversion functions (f1, f2).

[0144] That is, when the curve generation unit 120 generates a positive electrode curve, the control unit 130 may derive the conversion function at the corresponding cycle point. For example, in Figure 9 the implementation, the control unit 130 may derive the first conversion function (f1) corresponding to the second positive electrode curve (Pc2) generated at the 100th cycle point. In addition, the control unit 130 may derive the second conversion function (f2) corresponding to the third positive electrode curve (Pc3) generated at the 200th cycle point.

[0145] In addition, the control unit 130 may be configured to generate a positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) using the derived conversion prediction function (fe) and the reference positive electrode curve (Pc), and then generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) until the next cycle arrives.

[0146] For example, assuming that the next cycle is the 300th cycle point, the control unit 130 may generate multiple battery prediction curves (Pb_e) from the 201st cycle point to the 299th cycle point by deriving the conversion prediction function (fe).

[0147] That is to say, the control unit 130 can generate the battery prediction curve (Pb_e) not only at the cycle points where the battery curve (Pb) and the positive electrode curves (Pc2, Pc3) are generated by the curve generation unit 120, but also at the time points until the next cycle arrives. Therefore, since the battery curve (Pb) or the battery prediction curve (Pb_e) at each cycle point can be obtained, the battery management device 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the following advantages: providing a curve through which the battery cell B can be analyzed more specifically.

[0148] In addition, according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the corresponding battery curve (Pb), the positive electrode curves (Pc2, Pc3), and the adjusted negative electrode curves (Pa2, Pa3) can be provided, or the corresponding battery prediction curve (Pb_e), the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e), and the adjusted negative electrode curves (Pa2, Pa3) can be provided. That is to say, not only the curve of the complete battery (the battery curve (Pb) or the battery prediction curve (Pb_e)) is provided as data for analyzing the deterioration of the battery cell B, but also the curve for the positive electrode half-cell (the positive electrode curves (Pc2, Pc3)) or the curve for the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) (the adjusted negative electrode curves (Pa2, Pa3)) and the negative electrode half-cell curve can be provided together. Therefore, it is possible to more accurately analyze not only whether the battery cell B is deteriorated, but also the deterioration cause of the battery cell B, that is, whether the deterioration is due to the deterioration of the positive electrode or the negative electrode.

[0149] The battery management device 100 according to the present disclosure can be applied to a BMS (Battery Management System). That is to say, the BMS according to the present disclosure can include the battery management device 100. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the battery management device 100 can be implemented by supplementing or adding the functions of the components included in the conventional BMS. For example, the measurement unit 110, the curve generation unit 120, the control unit 130, and the storage unit 140 of the battery management device 100 can be implemented as components of the BMS.

[0150] In addition, the battery management device 100 can be provided in the battery pack 1. That is to say, the battery pack 1 according to the present disclosure can include the battery management device 100 and at least one battery cell B as described above. In addition, the battery pack 1 can also include electrical equipment (relays, fuses, etc.), a housing, and the like.

[0151] For example, in Figure 2 the embodiment, the battery pack 1 can include the battery cell B and the battery management device 100. In addition, the charge and discharge unit 2 can be connected to the positive terminal (P+) and the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack 1 to charge or discharge the battery cell B. As another example, in Figure 2In the embodiment, the battery cell B, the battery management device 100, and the charge and discharge unit 2 may all be included in the battery pack 1.

[0152] Figure 11 FIG. is a diagram schematically showing a battery management method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0153] Each step of the battery management method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may be executed by the battery management device 100. Hereinafter, for ease of description, it should be noted that the content overlapping with the foregoing will be omitted or briefly described.

[0154] Referring to Figure 11 , the battery management method may include a measurement step (S100), a battery curve generation step (S200), a positive electrode curve generation step (S300), a transfer function derivation step (S400), a positive electrode prediction curve generation step (S500), and a battery prediction curve generation step (S600).

[0155] The measurement step (S100) is a step of measuring the voltage and capacity of the battery cell B, and may be executed by the measurement unit 110.

[0156] For example, in the Figure 2 embodiment, the measurement unit 110 may measure the voltage of the battery cell B using the first sensing line SL1 and the second sensing line SL2. In addition, the measurement unit 110 may measure the current of the battery cell B using the third sensing line SL3, and may measure the capacity of the battery cell B based on the measurement time and the measured current.

[0157] The battery curve generation step (S200) is a step of generating a battery curve (Pb) representing the correspondence between the voltage and capacity measured in the measurement step (S100), and may be executed by the curve generation unit 120.

[0158] For example, in the Figure 3 embodiment, the curve generation unit 120 may receive the voltage and capacity of the battery cell B from the measurement unit 110, and generate a battery curve (Pb) representing the correspondence between the corresponding voltage and capacity.

[0159] The positive electrode curve generation step (S300) is a step of generating a positive electrode curve of the battery cell B based on the battery curve (Pb) generated in the battery curve generation step (S200) and the preset reference negative electrode curve (Pa) and reference negative electrode differential curve (Pa_d) for the battery cell B, and may be executed by the curve generation unit 120.

[0160] Specifically, the curve generation unit 120 can convert the battery curve (Pb) into a battery differential curve (Pb_d). Additionally, the curve generation unit 120 can adjust the reference negative differential curve (Pa_d) to correspond to the battery differential curve (Pb_d). Further, the curve generation unit 120 can adjust the reference negative curve (Pa) to correspond to the adjusted negative differential curve (Pa_d2). Finally, the curve generation unit 120 can generate a positive curve based on the adjusted negative curve (Pa2) and the battery curve (Pb).

[0161] For example, in Figure 7 the embodiment, the curve generation unit 120 can generate a positive curve by adding the per-capacity voltage of the generated battery curve (Pb) and the per-capacity voltage of the adjusted negative curve (Pa2).

[0162] The conversion function derivation step (S400) is a step of deriving a conversion function representing conversion information from a reference positive curve (Pc) preset for the battery cell B to the generated positive curve, and can be executed by the control unit 130.

[0163] That is to say, when the conversion function is applied to the reference positive curve (Pc), the positive curve generated by the curve generation unit 120 can be derived. In other words, if the conversion function is applied in reverse to the positive curve, the reference positive curve (Pc) can be derived.

[0164] The positive prediction curve generation step (S500) is a step of generating a positive prediction curve (Pc_e) of the battery cell B from the reference positive curve (Pc) based on the conversion function derived in the conversion function derivation step (S400), and can be executed by the control unit 130.

[0165] Specifically, the control unit 130 can include multiple conversion functions, and can derive a conversion prediction function (fe) based on the per-capacity voltage change of the multiple provided conversion functions. Additionally, the control unit 130 can generate a positive prediction curve (Pc_e) by applying the derived conversion prediction function (fe) to the reference positive curve (Pc).

[0166] The battery prediction curve generation step (S600) is a step of generating a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) of the battery cell B based on the positive prediction curve (Pc_e) generated in the positive prediction curve generation step (S500), and can be executed by the control unit 130.

[0167] For example, in Figure 10In an embodiment, the control unit 130 may generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) based on the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) and the adjusted negative electrode curve (Pa2). As another example, the control unit 130 may generate a battery prediction curve (Pb_e) based on the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) and the reference negative electrode curve (Pa). However, preferably, the battery prediction curve (Pb_e) may be generated based on the positive electrode prediction curve (Pc_e) and the adjusted negative electrode curve (Pa2).

[0168] The embodiments of the present disclosure described above can be implemented not only by devices and methods, but also by a program that implements functions corresponding to the configurations of the embodiments of the present disclosure or a recording medium having the program recorded thereon. Those skilled in the art can easily implement the program or the recording medium from the above description of the embodiments.

[0169] The present disclosure has been described in detail. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, although indicating preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, are given by way of example only, since various variations and modifications within the scope of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

[0170] Additionally, those skilled in the art can make many substitutions, modifications, and variations to the present disclosure described above without departing from the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and drawings, and each embodiment can be selectively combined partially or wholly to allow for various modifications.

[0171] (Reference numerals)

[0172] 1: Battery pack

[0173] 2: Charge and discharge unit

[0174] 100: Battery management device

[0175] 110: Measurement unit

[0176] 120: Curve generation unit

[0177] 130: Control unit

[0178] 140: Storage unit

[0179] B: Battery cell

Claims

1. A battery management device, the battery management device comprising: A measurement unit configured to measure the voltage and capacity of a battery cell; A curve generation unit configured to generate a battery curve representing the correspondence between the voltage and the capacity measured by the measurement unit, and generate a positive electrode curve of the battery cell based on the generated battery curve and a preset reference negative electrode curve and a reference negative electrode differential curve for the battery cell; And A control unit configured to receive the generated positive electrode curve from the curve generation unit, derive a conversion function representing conversion information from a preset reference positive electrode curve for the battery cell to the generated positive electrode curve, generate a positive electrode prediction curve of the battery cell from the reference positive electrode curve based on the derived conversion function, and generate a battery prediction curve of the battery cell based on the generated positive electrode prediction curve.

2. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, The curve generation unit is configured to: convert the battery curve into a battery differential curve representing the correspondence between the capacity and the differential voltage with respect to the capacity, adjust the reference negative electrode differential curve to correspond to the battery differential curve, adjust the reference negative electrode curve to correspond to the adjusted negative electrode differential curve, and generate the positive electrode curve based on the adjusted negative electrode curve and the battery curve.

3. The battery management device according to claim 2, Among them, The curve generation unit is configured to: determine a plurality of reference peaks in the battery differential curve, and adjust the reference negative electrode differential curve such that the capacities of a plurality of target peaks preset in the reference negative electrode differential curve become equal to the capacities of the corresponding reference peaks.

4. The battery management device according to claim 3, Among them, The reference peak is a peak at which the instantaneous change rate of the differential voltage with respect to the capacity is 0 and the differential voltage is the largest in the corresponding capacity region.

5. The battery management device according to claim 3, Among them, The curve generation unit is configured to: adjust the reference negative electrode differential curve by adjusting an offset corresponding to the minimum capacity of the reference negative electrode differential curve and a range representing the entire capacity region of the reference negative electrode differential curve.

6. The battery management device according to claim 5, Among them, The curve generation unit is configured to: adjust the reference negative electrode curve to correspond to the adjusted negative electrode differential curve by applying change information of the offset and the range for the adjusted negative electrode differential curve to the reference negative electrode curve.

7. The battery management device according to claim 2, Among them, The control unit is configured to: generate the battery prediction curve by calculating the difference between the voltage of the positive electrode prediction curve and the voltage of the adjusted negative electrode curve for the same capacity.

8. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, The control unit is configured to: generate the battery prediction curve by calculating the difference between the voltage of the positive electrode prediction curve and the voltage of the reference negative electrode curve for the same capacity.

9. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, The conversion function is configured to: for the same capacity, convert the per-capacity voltage of the reference positive electrode curve into the per-capacity voltage of the generated positive electrode curve.

10. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, when the conversion function is provided as a plurality of conversion functions, the control unit is configured to: derive a conversion prediction function based on the per-capacity voltage change amount between the plurality of conversion functions, and generate the positive electrode prediction curve by applying the derived conversion prediction function to the reference positive electrode curve.

11. The battery management device according to claim 10, Among them, the control unit is configured to: derive a conversion prediction function for a target point, and generate the positive electrode prediction curve for the target point by applying the derived conversion prediction function to the reference positive electrode curve.

12. The battery management device according to claim 10, Among them, the curve generation unit is configured to generate the battery curve and the positive electrode curve in each preset cycle, and wherein, the control unit is configured to derive a conversion function between the reference positive electrode curve and each of the plurality of positive electrode curves generated by the curve generation unit until the current cycle, derive the conversion prediction function based on the plurality of derived conversion functions, generate the positive electrode prediction curve by using the conversion prediction function derived until the next cycle arrives and the reference positive electrode curve, and then generate the battery prediction curve.

13. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, the reference negative electrode curve is a curve configured to indicate the correspondence between the negative electrode voltage and the capacity of the battery cell in the state at the start of life.

14. The battery management device according to claim 13, Among them, the reference negative electrode differential curve is the differential curve of the reference negative electrode curve with respect to the capacity.

15. The battery management device according to claim 1, the battery management device further includes a storage unit, and the storage unit stores data required for the operations and functions of each component of the battery management device, as well as data generated during the execution of the operations or the functions.

16. A battery pack, the battery pack includes the battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A battery management method, the battery management method includes the following steps: a measurement step, the measurement step measures the voltage and capacity of the battery cell; a battery curve generation step, the battery curve generation step generates a battery curve representing the correspondence between the voltage and capacity measured in the measurement step; a positive electrode curve generation step, the positive electrode curve generation step generates a positive electrode curve of the battery cell based on the battery curve generated in the battery curve generation step and a reference negative electrode curve and a reference negative electrode differential curve preset for the battery cell; a conversion function derivation step, the conversion function derivation step derives a conversion function representing the conversion information from the reference positive electrode curve preset for the battery cell to the generated positive electrode curve; Positive electrode prediction curve generation step, which generates a positive electrode prediction curve of the battery cell from the reference positive electrode curve based on the conversion function derived in the conversion function derivation step; and Battery prediction curve generation step, which generates a battery prediction curve of the battery cell based on the positive electrode prediction curve generated in the positive electrode prediction curve generation step.

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