Method and apparatus for switching bandwidth parts during random access procedure in wireless communication system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of performing a random access (RA) procedure by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system. In particular, the method comprises the steps of: transmitting a RA preamble to a network on a first bandwidth part (BWP); receiving a response message for the RA preamble from the network, wherein the response message comprises a BWP switch indication indicating a second BWP and an uplink (UL) grant on the second BWP; and transmitting an uplink data or a connection request message to the network on the second BWP using the UL grant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a wireless communication system, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for switching a bandwidth portion (BWP) during a random access (RA) procedure in a wireless communication system. Background Technology

[0002] The introduction of new radio communication technologies has led to an increase in the number of user equipments (UEs) that a base station (BS) provides services to within a designated resource area, and has also resulted in an increase in the amount of data and control information that the BS sends to the UEs. Since the resources available to the BS for communicating with the UEs are typically limited, new technologies are needed to enable the BS to efficiently receive / transmit uplink / downlink data and / or uplink / downlink control information using limited radio resources. In particular, overcoming latency has become a significant challenge in applications where performance is heavily dependent on delay. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical issues

[0004] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for switching a bandwidth portion (BWP) during a random access (RA) procedure in a wireless communication system.

[0005] Solution to the problem

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by a method for performing a random access (RA) procedure by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising the following steps: sending an RA preamble to a network on a first bandwidth portion (BWP); receiving a response message of the RA preamble from the network, wherein the response message includes a BWP handover indication and an uplink (UL) grant on the second BWP; and sending uplink data or a connection request message to the network on the second BWP using the UL grant.

[0007] Furthermore, a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is proposed, the UE comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations including: transmitting an RA preamble to a network on a first bandwidth portion (BWP); receiving a response message of the RA preamble from the network, wherein the response message includes a BWP handover indication and an uplink (UL) grant on the second BWP; and transmitting uplink data or a connection request message to the network on the second BWP using the UL grant.

[0008] Preferably, if the second BWP is configured to transmit data in a Radio Resource Control (RRC) inactive state, the uplink data is transmitted to the network on the second BWP using the UL license.

[0009] More preferably, the RA preamble containing the uplink data is transmitted on the first BWP. If the second BWP is configured to transmit data in a Radio Resource Control (RRC) inactive state, the uplink data is retransmitted to the network on the second BWP using the UL license.

[0010] Preferably, if the second BWP is configured to perform a RA procedure for transitioning from a Radio Resource Control (RRC) inactive state to an RRC connected state, the connection request message is sent to the network on the second BWP using the UL license.

[0011] More preferably, a contention resolution message is received on the second BWP configured to perform the RA process as a response to the connection request message.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the invention

[0013] According to the above embodiments of the present invention, the UE can switch the BWP without any delay while the RA procedure is in progress. Therefore, it is beneficial to use the data transmission in the RRC_INACTIVE of the RA procedure when the BWP performing the RA procedure is congested.

[0014] The effects achievable from this invention are not limited to those mentioned above. Furthermore, those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains will clearly understand other, unmentioned, effects from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention:

[0016] Figure 1 The illustration shows an example of a communication system 1 that applies an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of a communication device capable of performing the methods according to this disclosure;

[0018] Figure 3 The illustration shows another example of a wireless device capable of implementing embodiments of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4The illustration shows an example of a protocol stack in a wireless communication system based on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0020] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates an example of a frame structure in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system.

[0021] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates an example of data flow in a 3GPP New Radio (NR) system.

[0022] Figure 7 The illustration shows an example of time-domain resource allocation via PDSCH through PDCCH and an example of time-domain resource allocation via PUSCH through PDCCH.

[0023] Figure 8 The diagram illustrates an example of physical layer processing on the transmitting side.

[0024] Figure 9 The illustration shows an example of physical layer processing at the receiving side;

[0025] Figure 10 The illustration shows the operation of a wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 11 and Figure 12 An example of a random access procedure supported by an NR system is shown;

[0027] Figure 13 A first example of switching BWP during the RA process is shown in accordance with this disclosure;

[0028] Figure 14 This illustrates a second example of switching the BWP during the RA process according to this disclosure; and

[0029] Figure 15 A third example of switching BWPs during the RA process is shown in accordance with this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and not to show the only embodiments that can be implemented according to the present disclosure. The following detailed description includes specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure can be practiced without these specific details.

[0031] The following technologies, devices, and systems can be applied to a variety of wireless multiple access systems. Examples of multiple access systems include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Multi-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (MC-FDMA) systems. CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Universal Packet Radio Service (GPRS), or Enhanced Data Rate Evolution of GSM (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE uses OFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL. LTE Advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.

[0032] For ease of description, embodiments of this disclosure are primarily described with respect to 3GPP-based wireless communication systems. However, the technical features of this disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, although the following detailed description is based on a mobile communication system corresponding to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system, aspects of this disclosure that are not limited to 3GPP-based wireless communication systems are applicable to other mobile communication systems. For terms and techniques used in this invention that are not specifically described in the present invention, reference can be made to wireless communication standards documents published prior to this disclosure. For example, the following documents may be referenced.

[0033] 3GPP LTE

[0034] 3GPP TS 36.211: Physical Channels and Modulation

[0035] 3GPP TS 36.212: Multiplexing and Channel Coding

[0036] 3GPP TS 36.213: Physical Layer Procedures

[0037] 3GPP TS 36.214: Physical Layer; Measurement

[0038] -3GPP TS 36.300: General Description

[0039] 3GPP TS 36.304: User Equipment (UE) Procedures in Idle Mode

[0040] 3GPP TS 36.314: Layer 2 - Measurement

[0041] 3GPP TS 36.321: Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol

[0042] 3GPP TS 36.322: Radio Link Control (RLC) Protocol

[0043] 3GPP TS 36.323: Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)

[0044] 3GPP TS 36.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol

[0045] 3GPP NR (e.g., 5G)

[0046] 3GPP TS 38.211: Physical Channels and Modulation

[0047] 3GPP TS 38.212: Multiplexing and Channel Coding

[0048] 3GPP TS 38.213: Physical layer procedures for control

[0049] 3GPP TS 38.214: Physical Layer Procedures for Data

[0050] 3GPP TS 38.215: Physical Layer Measurement

[0051] 3GPP TS 38.300: General Description

[0052] 3GPP TS 38.304: User Equipment (UE) Procedures in Idle Mode and RRC Inactive State

[0053] 3GPP TS 38.321: Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol

[0054] 3GPP TS 38.322: Radio Link Control (RLC) Protocol

[0055] 3GPP TS 38.323: Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)

[0056] 3GPP TS 38.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol

[0057] 3GPP TS 37.324: Service Data Adaptive Protocol (SDAP)

[0058] 3GPP TS 37.340: Multiple Connectivity; General Description

[0059] In this disclosure, a user equipment (UE) can be a fixed or mobile device. Examples of UEs include various devices that send and receive user data and / or various control information to and from a base station (BS). In this disclosure, BS generally refers to a fixed station that performs communication with the UE and / or other BSs and exchanges various data and control information with the UE and other BSs. A BS can be referred to as an Advanced Base Station (ABS), Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Base Transceiver System (BTS), Access Point (AP), Processing Server (PS), etc. In particular, the BS of UMTS is called NB, the BS of Enhanced Packet Core (EPC) / Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems is called eNB, and the BS of New Radio (NR) systems is called gNB.

[0060] In this disclosure, a node refers to a point capable of transmitting / receiving radio signals by communicating with a UE. Various types of BSs can be used as nodes regardless of their terminology. For example, a BS, Node B (NB), eNode B (eNB), picocell eNB (PeNB), home eNB (HeNB), repeater, repeater, etc., can be nodes. Alternatively, a node may not be a BS. For example, a node can be a Radio Remote Headend (RRH) or Radio Remote Unit (RRU). The power level of an RRH or RRU is typically lower than that of a BS. Because an RRH or RRU (hereinafter referred to as RRH / RRU) is generally connected to a BS via a dedicated line such as fiber optic cable, cooperative communication between an RRH / RRU and a BS can be performed more smoothly than cooperative communication between BSs connected via radio lines. Each node is equipped with at least one antenna. The antenna may include a physical antenna, an antenna port, or a dummy antenna.

[0061] In this disclosure, the term "cell" can refer to a geographical area in which one or more nodes provide a communication system, or it can refer to a radio resource. A "cell" of a geographical area can be understood as the coverage area in which a node can provide services using a carrier, and a "cell" as a radio resource (e.g., a time-frequency resource) is associated with a bandwidth (BW) as a frequency range configured by a carrier. A "cell" associated with a radio resource is defined by a combination of downlink and uplink resources, such as a combination of downlink (DL) component carriers (CC) and uplink (UL) CCs. A cell can be configured by downlink resources only, or it can be configured by both downlink and uplink resources. Because the DL coverage area, which is the range in which a node can transmit a valid signal, and the UL coverage area, which is the range in which a node can receive a valid signal from a UE, depend on the carrier carrying the signal, a node's coverage area can be associated with the coverage area of ​​the "cell" of the radio resources used by the node. Therefore, the term "cell" can sometimes be used to indicate the service coverage area of ​​a node, at other times to indicate a radio resource, or at other times to indicate the range in which a signal using a radio resource can reach with effective strength.

[0062] In this disclosure, the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) refer to the set of time-frequency resources or resource elements (REs) carrying downlink control information (DCI) and the set of time-frequency resources or REs carrying downlink data, respectively. Furthermore, the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), and the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) refer to the set of time-frequency resources or REs carrying uplink control information (UCI), the set of time-frequency resources or REs carrying uplink data, and the set of time-frequency resources or REs carrying random access signals, respectively.

[0063] In carrier aggregation (CA), two or more carriers (CCs) are aggregated. The UE can receive or transmit simultaneously on one or more CCs, depending on its capabilities. CA supports both continuous and discontinuous CCs. When CA is configured, the UE has only one Radio Point Resource Control (RRC) connection to the network. During RRC connection establishment / re-establishment / handover, one serving cell provides Non-Access Stratum (NAS) mobility information, while during RRC connection re-establishment / handover, another serving cell provides security input. This cell is called the primary cell (PCell). A PCell is a cell operating on the primary frequency, where the UE performs the initial connection establishment procedure or initiates a connection re-establishment procedure. Depending on the UE's capabilities, secondary cells (SCells) can be configured to form a set of serving cells together with the PCell. An SCell is a cell that provides additional radio resources on top of a special cell. Therefore, the set of serving cells configured for a UE always consists of one PCell and one or more SCells. In this disclosure, for dual connectivity (DC) operation, the term "special cell" refers to the PCell of the primary cell group (MCG) or the PSCell of the secondary cell group (SCG), and otherwise the term special cell refers to the PCell. The SpCell supports Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission and contention-based random access and is always active. The MCG is a set of serving cells associated with the primary node, comprising the SpCell (PCell) and optionally one or more SCells. The SCG is a subset of serving cells associated with the secondary node, comprising the PSCell and zero or more SCells, for UEs configured with DC. For UEs in RRC_CONNECTED without CA / DC, only one serving cell consisting of the PCell exists. For UEs in RRC_CONNECTED with CA / DC, the term "serving cell" is used to refer to the set of cells consisting of the SpCell and all SCells.

[0064] MCG is a set of serving cells associated with a primary BS that terminates at least the S1-MME, and SCG is a set of serving cells associated with a secondary BS that provides additional radio resources to the UE but is not a primary BS. SCG includes a primary SCell (PSCell) and one or more optional SCells. In the DC, two MAC entities are configured in the UE: one for the MCG and one for the SCG. Each MAC entity is configured by the RRC with serving cells supporting PUCCH transmission and contention-based random access. In this disclosure, the term SpCell refers to such a cell, while the term SCell refers to other serving cells. Depending on whether the MAC entity is associated with the MCG or the SCG, the term SpCell refers to the PCell of the MCG or the PSCell of the SCG, respectively.

[0065] In this disclosure, monitoring a channel refers to attempting to decode a channel. For example, monitoring the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) refers to attempting to decode a PDCCH (or a PDCCH candidate).

[0066] In this invention, "C-RNTI" refers to cell RNTI, "SI-RNTI" refers to system information RNTI, "P-RNTI" refers to paging RNTI, "RA-RNTI" refers to random access RNTI, "SC-RNTI" refers to single cell RNTI, "SL-RNTI" refers to sidelink RNTI, "SPS C-RNTI" refers to semi-persistent scheduling C-RNTI, and "CS-RNTI" refers to configured scheduling RNTI.

[0067] Figure 1 The illustration shows an example of a communication system 1 in which embodiments of the present disclosure are applied.

[0068] The three main demand categories for 5G include (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), (2) massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and (3) ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC).

[0069] Some use cases may require multiple categories for optimization, while others may focus on only one key performance indicator (KPI). 5G uses a flexible and reliable approach to support such a variety of use cases.

[0070] eMBB goes far beyond basic mobile internet access, encompassing a rich array of two-way work, media, and entertainment applications in the cloud and augmented reality. Data is one of the core drivers of 5G, and for the first time in the 5G era, dedicated voice services may not be available. In 5G, voice is expected to be simply processed as an application using the data connection provided by the communication system. The primary reason for increased traffic is the increase in content size and the number of applications requiring high data transmission rates. As more devices connect to the internet, streaming services (audio and video), conversational video, and mobile internet access will be more widely used. Many of these applications require always-on connectivity to push real-time information and alerts to users. Cloud storage and applications are rapidly increasing in mobile communication platforms and can be applied to both work and entertainment. Cloud storage is a specific use case for accelerating the growth of uplink data transmission rates. 5G is also being used for remote work in the cloud. When using haptic interfaces, 5G requires lower end-to-end latency to maintain a good user experience. Entertainment, such as cloud gaming and video streaming, is another core element increasing the demand for mobile broadband capabilities. Entertainment is essential for smartphones and tablets in highly mobile environments, including anywhere, such as trains, vehicles, and airplanes. Other use cases include augmented reality (AR) and information retrieval for entertainment. In this case, AR requires very low latency and instantaneous data volumes.

[0071] Additionally, one of the most anticipated 5G use cases involves the ability to seamlessly connect embedded sensors across all sectors, known as mMTC (modular machine-type communications). The number of potential IoT devices is expected to reach 20.4 billion by 2020. Industrial IoT is one of the key categories performing key roles in enabling smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture, and security infrastructure through 5G.

[0072] URLLC includes new services that will transform industries such as autonomous vehicles through remote control of key infrastructure and ultra-reliable / available low-latency links. These levels of reliability and latency are essential for controlling smart grids, automating industry, enabling robotics, and controlling and managing drones.

[0073] 5G is a means of providing streaming speeds rated at hundreds of megabits per second to gigabits per second and can complement fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS). Delivering TVs with resolutions of 4K or higher (6K, 8K, etc.) as well as virtual reality and augmented reality require such speeds. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications include almost immersive sports games. Certain applications may require special network configurations. For example, for VR games, game companies need to integrate their core servers into the network operator's edge network servers to minimize latency.

[0074] Along with many use cases for vehicular mobility communications, automobiles are expected to be a significant new driving force in 5G. For example, passenger entertainment demands high-mobility, high-synchronization capacity, and mobile broadband. This is because future users continue to expect high-quality connectivity regardless of their location and speed. Another use case in the automotive sector is AR dashboards. AR dashboards enable drivers to identify objects in the dark in addition to those visible through the windshield, and display distances and movement of objects by overlaying information from conversations with the driver. In the future, wireless modules will enable communication between vehicles, information exchange between vehicles and supporting infrastructure, and information exchange between vehicles and other connected devices (e.g., devices that accompany pedestrians). Safety systems will guide alternative routes, allowing drivers to drive more safely and reducing the risk of accidents. The next stage will be remotely controlled or autonomous vehicles. This requires very high reliability and very fast communication between different autonomous vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. In the future, autonomous vehicles will perform all driving activities, and drivers will only focus on abnormal traffic conditions that vehicles cannot identify. The technological requirements for autonomous vehicles necessitate ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliability, enabling traffic safety to reach levels unattainable by humans.

[0075] Smart cities and smart homes / buildings, as mentioned in the context of a smart society, will be embedded in high-density wireless sensor networks. Distributed networks of smart sensors will identify cost and energy efficiency maintenance conditions in cities or homes. Similar configurations can be implemented for individual households. All temperature sensors, window and heating controllers, burglar alarms, and home appliances will be wirelessly connected. Many of these sensors are typically low in data transmission rate, power, and cost. However, certain types of devices may require real-time HD video for monitoring.

[0076] The highly distributed nature of energy consumption and distribution, including heat and gas, necessitates automated control of distribution sensor networks. Smart grids use digital information and communication technologies to collect information and interconnect sensors to take action based on the collected data. Since this information may include the behavior of supply companies and consumers, smart grids can improve the distribution of fuels such as electricity through methods that are efficient, reliable, economically feasible, production sustainable, and automated. A smart grid can also be viewed as another sensor network with low latency.

[0077] Mission-critical applications, such as e-health, are one of the use cases for 5G. The health component includes many applications that can benefit from mobile communications. Communication systems can support telemedicine, enabling the delivery of clinical care in remote locations. Telemedicine can help reduce distance barriers and improve access to healthcare services that are not readily available in remote rural areas. Telemedicine is also used to administer critical treatments and save lives in emergency situations. Mobile-based wireless sensor networks can provide remote monitoring and sensing of parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.

[0078] Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important in industrial applications. Cabling is costly in terms of installation and maintenance. Therefore, the possibility of replacing cables with reconfigurable wireless links presents an attractive opportunity in many industrial sectors. However, to achieve this replacement, it is necessary to establish wireless connections with latency, reliability, and capacity similar to those of cables, and the management of wireless connections needs to be simplified. When connecting to 5G, low latency and a very low error probability become new requirements.

[0079] Logistics and freight tracking is a key use case for mobile communications that utilizes location-based information systems to enable inventory and package tracking anywhere. Logistics and freight use cases typically require low data rates but demand location information with wide coverage and reliability.

[0080] refer to Figure 1 Communication system 1 includes wireless equipment, base stations (BS), and a network. Although Figure 1 The 5G network is illustrated as an example of a network for communication system 1, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to 5G systems and can be applied to future communication systems beyond 5G systems.

[0081] The BS and network can be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0082] Wireless devices refer to devices that use radio access technologies (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR)) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)) to perform communication and can be referred to as communication / radio / 5G devices. Wireless devices can include, but are not limited to, robots 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, extended reality (XR) devices 100c, handheld devices 100d, home appliances 100e, Internet of Things (IoT) devices 100f, and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers 400. For example, vehicles can include vehicles with wireless communication capabilities, autonomous vehicles, and vehicles capable of performing communication between vehicles. Vehicles can include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones). XR devices can include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and can be implemented in the form of head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, etc. Handheld devices may include smartphones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters.

[0083] In this disclosure, wireless devices 100a to 100f may be referred to as user equipment (UE). User equipment (UE) may include, for example, cellular phones, smartphones, laptop computers, digital broadcasting terminals, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs), navigation systems, personal computers (PCs), tablet PCs, ultrabooks, vehicles, vehicles with autonomous driving capabilities, connected cars, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), artificial intelligence (AI) modules, robots, augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, mixed reality (MR) devices, holographic devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, IoT devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, weather / environment devices, devices related to 5G services, or devices related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) may be, for example, aircraft piloted via wireless control signals without a human on board. VR devices may include, for example, devices for realizing objects or backgrounds in a virtual world. AR devices may include, for example, devices implemented by attaching objects or backgrounds in a virtual world to objects or backgrounds in the real world. MR devices can include, for example, devices that blend virtual world objects or backgrounds into real world objects or backgrounds. Holographic devices can include, for example, devices for recording and reproducing stereoscopic information using the interference of light generated when two lasers meet, known as holography, to create 360-degree stereoscopic images. Public safety devices can include, for example, image relay devices or imaging devices that can be worn on a user's body. MTC devices and IoT devices can be, for example, devices that do not require direct human intervention or manipulation. For example, MTC devices and IoT devices can include smart meters, vending machines, thermometers, smart light bulbs, door locks, or various sensors. Medical devices can be, for example, devices used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, curing, or preventing disease. For example, medical devices can be devices used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, or correcting injuries or damages. For example, medical devices can be devices used for the purpose of examining, replacing, or modifying structures or functions. For example, medical devices can be devices used for the purpose of regulating pregnancy. For example, medical devices can include devices for treatment, devices for operation, devices for (in vitro) diagnostics, hearing aids, or devices for processes. Safety devices can be, for example, devices installed to prevent potential hazards and maintain safety. For example, security devices can be cameras, CCTV, recorders, or black boxes. Fintech devices can be, for example, devices capable of providing financial services such as mobile payments. For example, fintech devices can include payment devices or point-of-sale (POS) systems. Weather / environment devices can include, for example, devices used to monitor or predict weather / environment.

[0084] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using 3G, 4G (e.g., LTE), 5G (e.g., NR), and super 5G networks. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can also perform direct communication with each other without going through the BS / network (e.g., sidelink communication). For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0085] Wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200-BS 200. In this document, wireless communication / connections can be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a and sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication). The wireless devices and BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, at least a portion of various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes for transmitting / receiving radio signals can be performed based on various proposals of this disclosure.

[0086] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of a communication device capable of performing the methods according to this disclosure.

[0087] refer to Figure 2 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can send / receive radio signals to / from external devices via various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). Figure 2 In this context, {first wireless device 100 and second wireless device 200} can correspond to Figure 1 {Wireless devices 100a to 100f and BS 200} and / or {Wireless devices 100a to 100f and Wireless devices 100a to 100f}.

[0088] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and additionally includes one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 may control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106 and may be configured to implement the functions, processes, and / or methods described in this disclosure. For example, the processor 102 may process information in the memory 104 to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may receive a radio signal including a second information / signal via the transceiver 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memory 104. The memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102 and may store various information relating to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by the processor 102 or for performing the processes and / or methods described in this disclosure. In this document, processor 102 and memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). Transceiver 106 may be connected to processor 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each of transceivers 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceivers 106 may be used interchangeably with radio frequency (RF) units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0089] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and additionally includes one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206 and may be configured to implement the functions, processes, and / or methods described in this disclosure. For example, the processor 202 may process information in the memory 204 to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information / signals via the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may receive radio signals including fourth information / signals via the transceiver 206, and then store the information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory 204. The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and may store various information relating to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by the processor 202 or for performing the processes and / or methods described in this disclosure. In this document, processor 202 and memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). Transceiver 206 may be connected to processor 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Each of transceivers 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceivers 206 may be used interchangeably with RF units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0090] The hardware elements of wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by, but are not limited to, one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) in accordance with the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this disclosure. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this disclosure. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this disclosure and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) and acquire PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information from one or more transceivers 106 and 206 in accordance with the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this disclosure.

[0091] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented using hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The functions, processes, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the functions, processes, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this disclosure may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204 for being driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The functions, processes, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0092] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured with read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk drive, registers, cache memory, computationally readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0093] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the functional, process, proposal, method, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure via one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this disclosure, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters. For example, transceivers 106 and 206, under the control of processors 102 and 202, can upconvert OFDM baseband signals to a carrier frequency via their (analog) oscillators and / or filters, and transmit the upconverted OFDM signals at the carrier frequency. Transceivers 106 and 206 can also receive OFDM signals at the carrier frequency and, under the control of transceivers 102 and 202, downconvert OFDM signals to OFDM baseband signals via their (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0094] In embodiments of this disclosure, the UE can operate as a transmitting device in the uplink (UL) and as a receiving device in the downlink (DL). In embodiments of this disclosure, the BS can operate as a receiving device in the UL and as a transmitting device in the DL. Hereinafter, for ease of description, it is generally assumed that the first wireless device 100 is the UE and the second wireless device 200 is the BS, unless otherwise mentioned or described. For example, a processor 102 connected to, mounted on, or started therein of the first wireless device 100 can be configured to perform UE behavior according to embodiments of this disclosure or to control the transceiver 106 to perform UE behavior according to embodiments of this disclosure. A processor 202 connected to, mounted on, or started therein of the second wireless device 200 can be configured to perform BS behavior according to embodiments of this disclosure or to control the transceiver 206 to perform BS behavior according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0095] In this disclosure, at least one memory (e.g., 104 or 204) may store instructions or programs that, when executed, cause at least one processor operatively connected thereto to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of this disclosure.

[0096] In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium stores at least one instruction or computer program that, when executed by at least one processor, causes at least one processor to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of this disclosure.

[0097] In this disclosure, a processing device or apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one computer memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of this disclosure.

[0098] Figure 3 The illustration shows another example of a wireless device capable of implementing embodiments of the present invention. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see reference). Figure 1 ).

[0099] refer to Figure 3 Wireless devices 100 and 200 can correspond to Figure 2 The wireless devices 100 and 200 can be configured from various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include... Figure 2One or more processors 102 and 202 and / or Figure 2 One or more memories 104 and 204. For example, transceiver 114 may include Figure 2 One or more transceivers 106 and 206 and / or Figure 2 One or more antennas 108 and 208. Control unit 120 is electrically connected to communication unit 110, memory 130, and add-on components 140 and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, control unit 120 can control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs / code / commands / information stored in memory unit 130. Control unit 120 can transmit information stored in memory unit 130 to an external source (e.g., other communication devices) via communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from an external source (e.g., other communication devices) via wireless / wired interface through communication unit 110 in memory unit 130.

[0100] The additional component 140 can be configured differently depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional component 140 may include at least one of a power supply unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit (e.g., an audio I / O port, a video I / O port), a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device can be implemented in the following forms (but is not limited to): robot ( Figure 1 100a), vehicles ( Figure 1 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR equipment ( Figure 1 100c), handheld devices ( Figure 1 100d), home appliances ( Figure 1 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 1 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, holographic devices, public safety equipment, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate / environmental devices, AI servers / devices ( Figure 1 400 in the middle), BS ( Figure 1 This includes 200 network nodes, etc. Wireless devices can be used in mobile or fixed locations, depending on the usage examples / services.

[0101] exist Figure 3In wireless devices 100 and 200, all of the various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules can be connected to each other via wired interfaces, or at least a portion thereof can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. For example, in each of wireless devices 100 and 200, control unit 120 and communication unit 110 can be connected via wires, and control unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within wireless devices 100 and 200 may also include one or more elements. For example, control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of one or more processors. As an example, control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of communication control processors, application processors, electronic control units (ECUs), graphics processing units, and memory control processors. As another example, memory 130 may be configured by random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or combinations thereof.

[0102] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates an example of a protocol stack in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system.

[0103] In particular, Figure 4 (a) shows an example of the user plane protocol stack of the radio interface between the UE and the base station (BS), and Figure 4 (b) illustrates an example of the radio interface control plane protocol stack between the UE and the BS. The control plane refers to the path through which control messages for invocation by the UE and network management are transmitted. The user plane refers to the path through which data generated in the application layer, such as voice data or Internet packet data, is transmitted. Reference Figure 4 (a) can divide the user plane protocol stack into a first layer (layer 1) (i.e., the physical (PHY) layer) and a second layer (layer 2). See reference. Figure 4 (b) can divide the control plane protocol stack into Layer 1 (i.e., the PHY layer), Layer 2, Layer 3 (e.g., the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer), and the Non-Access Layer (NAS). Layers 1, 2, and 3 are referred to as the Access Layer (AS).

[0104] The NAS control protocol terminates at the network-side Access Management Function (AMF) and performs functions such as authentication, mobility management, and security control.

[0105] In 3GPP LTE systems, Layer 2 is divided into the following sublayers: Media Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP). In 3GPP New Radio (NR) systems, Layer 2 is divided into the following sublayers: MAC, RLC, PDCP, and SDAP. The PHY layer provides transport channels to the MAC sublayer, the MAC sublayer provides logical channels to the RLC sublayer, the RLC sublayer provides RLC channels to the PDCP sublayer, and the PDCP sublayer provides radio bearers to the SDAP sublayer. The SDAP sublayer provides Quality of Service (QoS) streams to the 5G core network.

[0106] In the 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of SDAP include: mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers; marking QoS flow IDs (QFIs) in DL and UL packets; and configuring a single SDAP protocol entity for each individual PDU session.

[0107] In the 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the RRC sublayer include: broadcasting system information related to AS and NAS; paging initiated by the 5G core (5GC) or NG-RAN; establishment, maintenance, and release of RRC connections between the UE and NG-RAN; security functions including key management; establishment, configuration, maintenance, and release of signaling radio bearers (SRB) and data radio bearers (DRB); mobility functions (including: handover and context transfer; UE cell selection and reselection and control over cell selection and reselection; inter-RAT mobility); QoS management functions; UE measurement reporting and control over reports; detection and recovery from radio link failures; and NAS message transfer from UE to NAS / from NAS to UE.

[0108] In the 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the PDCP sublayer for the user plane include: sequence numbering; header compression and decompression: ROHC only; transfer of user data; reordering and duplicate detection; sequential delivery; PDCP PDU routing (in the case of separate bearers); retransmission of PDCP SDUs; encryption, decryption, and integrity protection; PDCP SDU discarding; PDCP re-establishment and data recovery for RLC AM; PDCP status reporting for RLC AM; and PDCP PDU duplication and duplicate discarding indication to lower layers. The main services and functions of the PDCP sublayer for the control plane include: sequence numbering; encryption, decryption, and integrity protection; transfer of control plane data; reordering and duplicate detection; sequential delivery; and PDCP PDU duplication and duplicate discarding indication to lower layers.

[0109] The RLC sublayer supports three transmission modes: Transparent Mode (TM); Non-Acknowledgment Mode (UM); and Acknowledgment Mode (AM). RLC configuration is per logical channel, independent of parameter sets and / or transmission duration. In 3GPP NR systems, the main services and functions of the RLC sublayer depend on the transmission mode and include: transfer of upper-layer PDUs; sequence numbering independent of sequence numbering in PDCP (UM and AM); error correction via ARQ (AM only); RLC SDU segmentation (AM and UM) and re-segmentation (AM only); SDU reassembly (AM and UM); duplicate detection (AM only); RLC SDU discarding (AM and UM); RLC re-establishment; and protocol error detection (AM only).

[0110] In the 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the MAC sublayer include: mapping between logical channels and transport channels; multiplexing MAC SDUs belonging to one or different logical channels into transport blocks (TBs) delivered to the physical layer on the transport channel / demultiplexing MAC SDUs belonging to one or different logical channels from transport blocks (TBs) delivered from the physical layer on the transport channel; scheduling information reporting; error correction via HARQ (one HARQ entity per cell in the case of carrier aggregation (CA); priority handling between UEs via dynamic scheduling; priority handling between logical channels of a UE via logical channel prioritization; and padding. A single MAC entity can support multiple parameter sets, transmission timings, and cells. Mapping restrictions in logical channel prioritization control which parameter set(s), cell(s), and transmission timing(s) a logical channel(s) can use. Different types of data transfer services are provided by the MAC. To accommodate different types of data transfer services, several types of logical channels are defined, each supporting the transfer of a specific type of information. Each logical channel type is defined by the type of information transferred. Logical channels are classified into two groups: control channels and traffic channels. Control channels are used only for transferring control plane information, while traffic channels are used only for transferring user plane information. The Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) is a downlink logical channel used for broadcasting system control information. The Paging Control Channel (PCCH) is a downlink logical channel used for transferring paging information, system information change notifications, and indications of ongoing PWS broadcasts. The Common Control Channel (CCCH) is a logical channel used to transmit control information between the UE and the network, and is used by UEs without an RRC connection to the network. The Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) is a point-to-point bidirectional logical channel used between the UE and the network to transmit dedicated control information, and is used by UEs with an RRC connection. The Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH) is a point-to-point logical channel dedicated to a single UE for transferring user information. DTCH can exist in both the uplink and downlink. In the downlink, the following connections exist between the logical channel and the transport channel: BCCH can be mapped to BCH; BCCH can be mapped to the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH); PCCH can be mapped to PCH; CCCH can be mapped to DL-SCH; DCCH can be mapped to DL-SCH; and DTCH can be mapped to DL-SCH. In the uplink, the following connections exist between the logical channel and the transport channel: CCCH can be mapped to the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH); DCCH can be mapped to UL-SCH; and DTCH can be mapped to UL-SCH.

[0111] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates an example of a frame structure in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system.

[0112] Figure 5 The illustrated frame structure is purely exemplary and the number of subframes, slots, and / or symbols in the frame can be varied. In 3GPP-based wireless communication systems, OFDM parameter sets (e.g., subcarrier spacing (SCS), transmission time interval (TTI) duration) can be configured differently across multiple cells aggregated for a UE. For example, if different SCSs are configured for the aggregated cells for a cell UE, the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or TTIs) comprising the same number of symbols can be different across the aggregated cells. In this document, symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA symbols (or Discrete Fourier Transform-Extended-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0113] refer to Figure 5 Downlink and uplink transmissions are organized into frames. Each frame has a T f = 10ms duration. Each frame is divided into two half-frames, each half-frame having a duration of 5ms. Each half-frame consists of 5 subframes, where the duration of each subframe is T. sf It is 1ms. Each subframe is divided into time slots, and the number of time slots in a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot consists of either 14 or 12 OFDM symbols based on the cyclic prefix (CP). In normal CP, each time slot includes 14 OFDM symbols, while in extended CP, each time slot includes 12 OFDM symbols. The parameter set is based on an exponentially scalable subcarrier spacing Δf = 2. u *15kHz. The table below is based on subcarrier spacing Δf = 2. u *15kHz shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe for normal CP.

[0114] [Table 1]

[0115] u <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]> <![CDATA[N frame,u slot ]]> <![CDATA[N subframe,u slot ]]> 0 14 10 1 1 14 20 2 2 14 40 4 3 14 80 8 4 14 160 16

[0116] The table below is based on subcarrier spacing Δf = 2 u *15kHz shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe for extended CP.

[0117] [Table 2]

[0118] u <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]> <![CDATA[N frame,u slot ]]> <![CDATA[N subframe,u slot ]]> 2 12 40 4

[0119] A time slot comprises multiple symbols (e.g., 14 or 12 symbols) in the time domain. For each parameter set (e.g., subcarrier spacing) and carrier, a Common Resource Block (CRB) is generated from the common resource block (CRB) indicated by higher-level signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling).start，u grid Initially, N was defined. size，u grid，x *N RB sc Subcarriers and N subframe，u symb A resource raster of OFDM symbols, where N size，u grid，x N represents the number of resource blocks in the resource raster, and the subscript x is DL for downlink and UL for uplink. RB sc N is the number of subcarriers per resource block. In 3GPP-based wireless communication systems, N... RB sc Typically, it is 12. For a given antenna port p, subcarrier spacing configuration u, and transmission direction (DL or UL), there exists a resource grid. The carrier bandwidth N of the subcarrier spacing configuration u is... size，u grid The parameters are given by higher-level parameters (e.g., RRC parameters). Each element in the resource grid of the antenna port p and subcarrier spacing configuration u is called a resource element (RE), and a complex symbol can be mapped to each RE. Each RE in the resource grid is uniquely identified by an index k in the frequency domain and an index l representing the symbol position relative to a reference point in the time domain. In 3GPP-based wireless communication systems, a resource block is defined by 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.

[0120] In 3GPP NR systems, resource blocks are classified into CRBs and Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs). For subcarrier spacing configuration u, CRBs are numbered from 0 upwards in the frequency domain. The center of subcarrier 0 of CRB 0 in subcarrier spacing configuration u coincides with 'point A', which serves as the common reference point for the resource block grid. In 3GPP NR systems, PRBs are defined within the Bandwidth Part (BWP) and numbered from 0 to N. sizeBWP，i -1 is the number, where i is the number of the bandwidth section. The physical resource block n within bandwidth section i... PRB With public resource block n CRB The relationship between n is as follows: PRB =n CRB +N size BWP，i , where N size BWP，i A BWP is a common resource block relative to CRB 0. A BWP comprises multiple consecutive resource blocks. A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. A UE can be configured with one or more BWPs on a given component carrier. Only one BWP configured for the UE can be activated at a time. The active BWP defines the UE's operating bandwidth within the cell's operating bandwidth.

[0121] The NR band is defined as two types of frequency ranges, FR1 and FR2. FR2 can also be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW). The frequency range in which NR can operate is described in Table 3.

[0122] [Table 3]

[0123] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing FR1 450MHz-7125MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0124] Figure 6 The diagram illustrates a data flow example in a 3GPP NR system.

[0125] exist Figure 6 In this code, "RB" stands for Radio Bearer, and "H" represents the header. Radio bearers are classified into two groups: Data Radio Bearers (DRBs) for user plane data and Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) for control plane data. MAC PDUs are sent to and received from external devices via the PHY layer using radio resources. MAC PDUs arrive at the PHY layer in the form of transport blocks.

[0126] In the PHY layer, the uplink transport channels UL-SCH and RACH are mapped to the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), respectively, while the downlink transport channels DL-SCH, BCH, and PCH are mapped to the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), and PDSCH, respectively. In the PHY layer, uplink control information (UCI) is mapped to PUCCH, and downlink control information (DCI) is mapped to PDCCH. MAC PDUs related to UL-SCH are transmitted by the UE via PUSCH based on UL authorization, while MAC PDUs related to DL-SCH are transmitted by the BS via PDSCH based on DL assignment.

[0127] To transmit the data elements of this disclosure on the UL-SCH, the UE must have uplink resources available to the UE. To receive the data elements of this disclosure on the DL-SCH, the UE must have downlink resources available to the UE. Resource allocation includes time-domain resource allocation and frequency-domain resource allocation. In this disclosure, uplink resource allocation is also referred to as uplink grant, and downlink resource allocation is also referred to as downlink assignment. Uplink grant is either dynamically received by the UE on the PDCCH in a random access response, or semi-persistently configured to the UE by RRC. Downlink assignment is either dynamically received by the UE on the PDCCH, or semi-persistently configured to the UE by RRC signaling from the BS.

[0128] In UL, the BS can dynamically allocate resources to the UE via the Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI) on the PDCCH. The UE constantly monitors the PDCCH to find possible licenses for uplink transmissions when its downlink reception is enabled (an activity managed by Discontinuous Receive (DRX) at configuration time). Furthermore, through configured licenses, the BS can allocate uplink resources to the UE for initial HARQ transmissions. Two types of configured uplink licenses are defined: Type 1 and Type 2. For Type 1, the RRC directly provides configured uplink licenses (including periodicity). For Type 2, the RRC defines the period of configured uplink licenses, and the PDCCH addressed to the configured scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI) can signal and activate or deactivate the configured uplink license; that is, the PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI indicates that the uplink license can be implicitly reused according to the period defined by the RRC until it is deactivated.

[0129] In DL, the BS can dynamically allocate resources to the UE via C-RNTI on the PDCCH. When its downlink reception is enabled (an activity managed by DRX at configuration time), the UE constantly monitors the PDCCH to find possible assignments. Furthermore, through semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), the BS can allocate downlink resources to the UE for initial HARQ transmission: the RRC defines the period for configured downlink assignments, and the PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI can signal and activate the configured downlink assignment, or deactivate it. In other words, the PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI indicates that the downlink assignment can be implicitly reused according to the period defined by the RRC until it is deactivated.

[0130] Resource allocation via PDCCH (i.e., resource allocation via DCI)

[0131] The PDCCH can be used to schedule DL transmissions on the PDSCH and UL transmissions on the PUSCH. The downlink control information (DCI) on the PDCCH includes: downlink assignment (e.g., Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) Index IMCS), resource allocation, and hybrid ARQ information, at least related to the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of the DL-SCH; or uplink scheduling permission, at least related to the MCS of the UL-SCH, resource allocation, and hybrid ARQ information. The size and usage of the DCI carried by a PDCCH vary depending on the DCI format. For example, in a 3GPP NR system, DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 ​​is used to schedule the PUSCH in a cell, and DCI format 1_0 or DCI format 1_1 is used to schedule the PDSCH in a cell.

[0132] Figure 7 The illustrations show examples of time-domain resource allocation via PDSCH through PDCCH and examples of time-domain resource allocation via PUSCH through PDCCH.

[0133] The downlink control information (DCI) carried by the PDCCH for scheduling PDSCH or PUSCH includes the value m of row index m+1 of the allocation table for PDSCH or PUSCH. A predefined default PDSCH time domain allocation A, B, or C is applied as the allocation table for PDSCH, or the pdsch-TimeDomainAllocationList configured by the RRC is applied as the allocation table for PDSCH. Similarly, a predefined default PUSCH time domain allocation A is applied as the allocation table for PUSCH, or the pusch-TimeDomainAllocationList configured by the RRC is applied as the allocation table for PUSCH. Which PDSCH time domain resource allocation configuration and which PUSCH time domain resource allocation table is applied is determined according to fixed / predefined rules (e.g., Table 5.1.2.1.1-1 in 3GPP TS 38.214 v15.3.0, Table 6.1.2.1.1-1 in 3GPP TS 38.214 v15.3.0).

[0134] Each index row in the PDSCH time-domain allocation configuration defines a slot offset K0, a start and length indicator SLIV, or directly defines a start symbol S and an allocation length L, as well as the PDSCH mapping type assumed in PDSCH reception. Each index row in the PUSCH time-domain allocation configuration defines a slot offset K2, a start and length indicator SLIV, or directly defines a start symbol S and an allocation length L, as well as the PUSCH mapping type to be assumed in PUSCH reception. K0 for PDSCH or K2 for PUSCH is the timing difference between a slot with a PDCCH and a slot with a corresponding PDSCH or PUSCH. SLIV is a joint indication of the start of the start symbol S relative to the start of the slot with the PDSCH or PUSCH, and the number of consecutive symbols L counted from symbol S. For PDSCH / PUSCH mapping types, there are two mapping types: one is mapping type A, where the RRC signaling demodulation reference signal (DMRS) is located in the 3rd or 4th symbol of the time slot, and the other is mapping type B, where the DMRS is located in the first assigned symbol.

[0135] The scheduling DCI includes a frequency domain resource assignment field that provides assignment information about resource blocks used for PDSCH or PUSCH. For example, the frequency domain resource assignment field can provide the UE with information about the cell used for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission, information about the bandwidth portion used for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission, and information about the resource blocks used for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission.

[0136] Resource allocation via RRC

[0137] As described above, in the uplink, there are two types of transmissions without dynamic clearance: configured clearance type 1, where the uplink clearance is provided by the RRC and stored as a configured clearance; and configured clearance type 2, where the uplink clearance is provided by the PDCCH and stored or cleared as a configured uplink clearance based on L1 signaling indicating activation or deactivation of the configured uplink clearance. Type 1 and Type 2 are configured by the RRC per serving cell and per BWP. Multiple configurations can only be activated simultaneously on different serving cells. For Type 2, activation and deactivation are independent within the serving cell. For the same serving cell, the MAC entity is configured with either Type 1 or Type 2.

[0138] When license type 1 is configured, at least the following parameters are provided to the UE via RRC signaling from the BS:

[0139] cs-RNTI, which is the CS-RNTI used for retransmission;

[0140] Periodicity, which provides periodicity for configured license type 1;

[0141] timeDomainOffset represents the offset of a resource in the time domain relative to SFN=0;

[0142] The timeDomainAllocation value m provides a row index m+1 pointing to the allocation table, indicating the combination of the start symbol S, length L, and PUSCH mapping type;

[0143] frequencyDomainAllocation provides frequency domain resource allocation; and

[0144] mcsAndTBS provides an IMCS representing the modulation order, target code rate, and transport block size. When the RRC configures license type 1 for the serving cell, the UE stores the uplink license provided by the RRC as the configured uplink license for the indicated serving cell, and initializes or reinitializes the configured uplink license, which begins in the symbol according to timeDomainOffset and S (derived from SLIV) and repeats periodically. After configuring the uplink license for license type 1, the UE considers the uplink license recurrence to be associated with each symbol: [(SFN*numberOfSlotsPerFrame(numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+(number of slots in the frame × numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+number of symbols in the slot] = (timeDomainOffset*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot+S+N*periodicity) modulo (1024*numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot), for all N>=0.

[0145] When license type 2 is configured, the UE provides at least the following parameters via RRC signaling from the BS:

[0146] -cs-RNTI, which is used to activate, deactivate, and retransmit CS-RNTI; and

[0147] - Periodicity, which provides the periodicity of configured license type 2. The actual uplink license is provided to the UE by the PDCCH (addressed to CS-RNTI). After configuring uplink license for configured license type 2, the UE considers the uplink license recurrence to be associated with each symbol: [(SFN*numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+(number of slots in the frame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+number of symbols in the slot]=[(SFN 开始时间 *numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot+slot 开始时间 *numberOfSymbolsPerSlot + symbol 开始时间 )+N*periodicity] modulus(1024×numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot), for all N>=0, where SFN 开始时间 Time slot 开始时间 and symbols 开始时间These are the SFN, slot, and symbol for the first transmission opportunity of the PUSCH (which has been (re)initialized) with configured uplink permissions. `numberOfSlotsPerFrame` and `numberOfSymbolsPerSlot` refer to the number of consecutive slots per frame and the number of consecutive OFDM symbols per slot, respectively.

[0148] For a configured uplink license, the HARQ process ID associated with the first symbol of the UL transmission is derived from the following equation:

[0149] HARQ process ID = [floor(CURRENT_symbol / periodicity)] modulo nrofHARQ-Processes

[0150] Where CURRENT_symbol = (SFN × numberOfSlotsPerFrame × numberOfSymbolsPerSlot + number of slots in the frame × numberOfSymbolsPerSlot + number of symbols in the slots), and numberOfSlotsPerFrame and numberOfSymbolsPerSlot refer to the number of consecutive slots per frame and the number of consecutive symbols per slot, respectively, as specified in TS 38.211. CURRENT_symbol refers to the symbol index of the first transmission timing of the repeated bundle. If the configured uplink license is activated and the associated HARQ process ID is less than nrofHARQ-Processes, then a HARQ process is configured for the configured uplink license.

[0151] For the downlink, the UE can be configured with Semi-Persistent Scheduling (SPS) by serving cell and by BWP via RRC signaling from the BS. Multiple configurations can only be active simultaneously on different serving cells. Activation and deactivation of DL SPS are independent within the serving cell. For DL ​​SPS, DL assignment is provided to the UE by the PDCCH and is stored or cleared based on L1 signaling indicating SPS activation or deactivation. When SPS is configured, the following parameters are provided to the UE via RRC signaling from the BS:

[0152] -cs-RNTI, which is used to activate, deactivate, and retransmit CS-RNTI;

[0153] -nrofHARQ-Processes: This specifies the number of HARQ processes configured for SPS;

[0154] - Periodicity, which provides the periodicity of downlink assignments for SPS configuration.

[0155] When the SPS is released by the upper layer, all corresponding configurations must be released.

[0156] After configuring downlink assignment for SPS, the UE continues to assume that the Nth downlink assignment occurs in the following time slot: (numberOfSlotsPerFrame*SFN + number of time slots in the frame) = [(numberOfSlotsPerFrame*SFN] 开始时间 +time slot 开始时间 )+N*periodic*numberOfSlotsPerFrame / 10]modulo(1024*numberOfSlotsPerFrame), where SFN 开始时间 and time slot 开始时间 These are the SFN and time slot of the first transmission of PDSCH, where the configured downlink assignments are (re)initialized.

[0157] For the configured downlink assignment, the HARQ process ID associated with the slot where DL transmission begins is derived from the following equation:

[0158] HARQ process ID = [floor(CURRENT_slot × 10 / (numberOfSlotsPerFrame × periodicity))] modulo nrofHARQ-Processes

[0159] Where CURRENT_slot = [(SFN × numberOfSlotsPerFrame) + number of slots in the frame] and numberOfSlotsPerFrame refers to the number of consecutive slots per frame, as specified in TS 38.211.

[0160] If the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) of the corresponding DCI format is scrambled by the CS-RNTI provided by the RRC parameter CS-RNTI, the UE verifies the DL SPS assigned PDCCH or the configured UL license type 2 PDCCH for scheduling activation or release, and the New Data Indicator field for the enabled transport block is set to 0. If all fields for the DCI format are set according to Table 4 or Table 5, then DCI format verification is implemented. Table 4 shows the special fields for UL license type 2 and DL SPS for scheduling activation PDCCH verification, and Table 5 shows the special fields for UL license type 2 and DL SPS for scheduling release PDCCH verification.

[0161] [Table 4]

[0162]

[0163] [Table 5]

[0164]

[0165]

[0166] The resource assignment fields (e.g., the time-domain resource assignment field providing the time-domain resource assignment value m, the frequency-domain resource assignment field providing the frequency resource block allocation, and the modulation and coding scheme field) in the DCI format carried by the scheduling-activated PDCCH UL license type 2 and DL SPS provide the actual DL assignment and actual UL license, as well as the corresponding modulation and coding scheme. If the verification is achieved, the UE will treat the information in the DCI format as a valid activation or release of the DL SPS or the configured UL license type 2.

[0167] For UL, the processor 102 of this disclosure can transmit (or control transceiver 106 to transmit) the data units of this disclosure based on UL permission available to the UE. The processor 202 of this disclosure can receive (or control transceiver 206 to receive) the data units of this disclosure based on UL permission available to the UE.

[0168] For DL, the processor 102 of this disclosure can receive (or control transceiver 106 to receive) the DL data of this disclosure based on the DL assignment available to the UE. The processor 202 of this disclosure can transmit (or control transceiver 206 to transmit) the DL data of this disclosure based on the DL assignment available to the UE.

[0169] The data units of this disclosure undergo physical layer processing at the transmitting side before transmission via the radio interface, and the radio signals carrying the data units of this disclosure undergo physical layer processing at the receiving side. For example, a MAC PDU including a PDCP PDU according to this disclosure may undergo the following physical layer processing.

[0170] Figure 8 The illustration shows an example of physical layer processing on the transmitting side.

[0171] The following tables show the mapping of transport channels (TrCH) and control information to their corresponding physical channels. Specifically, Table 6 specifies the mapping of uplink transport channels to their corresponding physical channels, Table 7 specifies the mapping of uplink control channel information to their corresponding physical channels, Table 8 specifies the mapping of downlink transport channels to their corresponding physical channels, and Table 9 specifies the mapping of downlink control channel information to their corresponding physical channels.

[0172] [Table 6]

[0173] TrCH physical channel UL-SCH PUSCH RACH PRACH

[0174] [Table 7]

[0175] Control Information physical channel UCI PUCCH, PUSCH

[0176] [Table 8]

[0177] TrCH physical channel DL-SCH PDSCH BCH PBCH PCH PDSCH

[0178] [Table 9]

[0179] Control Information physical channel DCI PDCCH

[0180] <encoding>

[0181] Data and control flows from / to the MAC layer are encoded to provide transmission and control services via the radio transmission link of the PHY layer. For example, transport blocks from the MAC layer are encoded into codewords on the transmitting side. The channel coding scheme is a combination of error detection, error correction, rate matching, interleaving, and mapping of the transport channel or control information to / from the physical channel.

[0182] In the 3GPP NR system, the following channel coding schemes are used for different types of TrCH and different control information types.

[0183] [Table 10]

[0184]

[0185]

[0186] [Table 11]

[0187]

[0188] For the transmission of DL transport blocks (i.e., DL MAC PDUs) or UL transport blocks (i.e., UL MAC PDUs), an appended transport block CRC sequence is used to provide error detection at the receiving side. In 3GPP NR systems, communication equipment uses low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes when encoding / decoding UL-SCH and DL-SCH. 3GPP NR systems support two LDPC base maps (i.e., two LDPC base matrices): an LDPC base map optimized for small transport blocks. Figure 1 and LDPC base for larger transport blocks Figure 2 The LDPC base is selected based on the transport block size and coding rate R. Figure 1Or 2. The coding rate R is indicated by the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) index IMCS. The MCS index is dynamically provided to the UE via the PDCCH that schedules the PUSCH or PDSCH, via the PDCCH that activates or (re)initializes the UL configuration license 2 or DLSPS, or via RRC signaling associated with UL configuration license type 1. If the CRC-attached transport block is larger than the maximum block size of the selected LDPC basemap, the CRC-attached transport block can be segmented into blocks, and an additional CRC sequence can be attached to each block. LDPC basemap Figure 1 and LDPC base Figure 2 The maximum block sizes are 8448 bits and 3480 bits, respectively. If the CRC-attached transport block is no larger than the maximum block size of the selected LDPC basemap, the attached CRC transport block is encoded using the selected LDPC basemap. Each block of the transport block is encoded using the selected LDPC basemap. Rate matching is then performed individually on the LDPC-encoded blocks. Block concatenation is performed to create codewords for transmission on the PDSCH or PUSCH. For PDSCH, a maximum of two codewords (i.e., a maximum of two transport blocks) can be transmitted simultaneously on the PDSCH. The PUSCH can be used to transmit UL-SCH data and Layer 1 / 2 control information. Although... Figure 8 As not shown in the diagram, the layer 1 / 2 control information can be multiplexed with the codewords used for UL-SCH data.

[0189] <Scrambling and Modulation>

[0190] The bits of the codeword are scrambled and modulated to generate a complex-valued modulated symbol block.

[0191] <Layer Mapping>

[0192] Complex-valued modulation symbols of a codeword are mapped to one or more Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) layers. A codeword can be mapped to a maximum of four layers. A PDSCH can carry two codewords, and therefore can support up to eight layers of transmission. A PUSCH supports a single codeword, and therefore can support up to four layers of transmission.

[0193] <Transform Precoding>

[0194] The DL transmission waveform is a conventional OFDM using a cyclic prefix (CP). For DL, no transform precoding (in other words, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)) is applied.

[0195] The UL transmission waveform is the conventional OFDM with CP having the transform precoding function, which performs DFT spreading that can be deactivated or enabled. In the 3GPP NR system, for UL, if enabled, transform precoding can be optionally applied. Transform precoding extends the UL data in a special way to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the waveform. Transform precoding is a form of DFT. In other words, the 3GPP NR system supports two options for the UL waveform: one is CP-OFDM (the same as the DL waveform), and the other is DFT-s-OFDM. Whether the UE has to use CP-OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM is configured by the BS via RRC parameters.

[0196] <Subcarrier mapping>

[0197] These layers are mapped to antenna ports. In DL, for the mapping from layers to antenna ports, transparent mode (non-codebook-based) mapping is supported, and how beamforming or MIMO precoding is performed is transparent to the UE. In UL, for the mapping from layers to antenna ports, both non-codebook-based mapping and codebook-based mapping are supported.

[0198] For each antenna port (i.e., layer) used for transmitting physical channels (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH), complex-valued modulation symbols are mapped to subcarriers in the resource blocks allocated to the physical channels.

[0199] <OFDM modulation>

[0200] The communication device on the transmitting side generates a time-continuous OFDM baseband signal on antenna port p and the subcarrier spacing configuration u for OFDM symbol l in the TTI of the physical channel by adding a cyclic prefix (CP) and performing IFFT. For example, for each OFDM symbol, the communication device on the transmitting side can perform the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) on the complex-valued modulation symbols mapped to the resource blocks in the corresponding OFDM symbol and add CP to the signal after IFFT to generate the OFDM baseband signal.

[0201] <Up-conversion>

[0202] The communication device on the transmitting side up-converts the OFDM baseband signal of antenna port p, subcarrier spacing configuration u, and OFDM symbol l to the carrier frequency f0 of the cell to which the physical channel is assigned.

[0203] Figure 2The processors 102 and 202 therein may be configured to perform encoding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, transform precoding (for UL), subcarrier mapping, and OFDM modulation. The processors 102 and 202 may control the transceivers 106 and 206 connected to the processors 102 and 202 to up-convert the OFDM baseband signal to a carrier frequency to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal. The RF signal is transmitted to an external device via the antennas 108 and 208.

[0204] Figure 9 The figure illustrates an example of physical layer processing at the receiving side.

[0205] The physical layer processing at the receiving side is basically the inverse processing of the physical layer processing at the transmitting side.

[0206] <Frequency down-conversion>

[0207] The communication device at the receiving side receives the RF signal via the antenna at the carrier frequency. The transceivers 106 and 206 that receive the RF signal at the carrier frequency down-convert the carrier frequency of the RF signal to the baseband to facilitate obtaining the OFDM baseband signal.

[0208] <OFDM demodulation>

[0209] The communication device at the receiving side obtains complex-valued modulation symbols via CP separation and FFT. For example, for each OFDM symbol, the communication device at the receiving side removes the CP from the OFDM baseband signal and performs FFT on the OFDM baseband signal after CP removal to obtain the complex-valued modulation symbols for antenna port p, subcarrier spacing u, and OFDM symbol l.

[0210] <Subcarrier demapping>

[0211] Subcarrier demapping is performed on the complex-valued modulation symbols to obtain the complex-valued modulation symbols of the corresponding physical channel. For example, the processor 102 may obtain the complex-valued modulation symbols mapped to the subcarriers belonging to the PDSCH from the complex-valued modulation symbols received in the bandwidth part. As another example, the processor 202 may obtain the complex-valued modulation symbols mapped to the subcarriers belonging to the PUSCH from the complex-valued modulation symbols received in the bandwidth part.

[0212] <Transform de-precoding>

[0213] If transform precoding has been enabled for the uplink physical channel, transform de-precoding (e.g., IDFT) is performed on the complex-valued modulation symbols of the uplink physical channel. For the uplink physical channel and the downlink physical channel for which transform precoding has been deactivated, no transform de-precoding is performed.

[0214] <Layer demapping>

[0215] Complex-valued modulation symbols are demapped into one or two codewords.

[0216] <Dissonance and Disruption>

[0217] The complex-valued modulation symbols of the codeword are demodulated and descrambled into the bits of the codeword.

[0218] <Decoding>

[0219] The codewords are decoded into transport blocks. For UL-SCH and DL-SCH, the LDPC base is selected based on the transport block size and coding rate R. Figure 1 Alternatively, 2. A codeword may include one or more encoded blocks. Each encoded block is decoded into a CRC-attached code block or a CRC-attached transport block using the selected LDPC basemap. If code block segmentation is performed on the CRC-attached transport block at the transmitting side, the CRC sequence is removed from the CRC-attached code block to obtain the code block. The code blocks are concatenated into a CRC-attached transport block. The transport block CRC sequence is removed from the CRC-attached transport block to obtain the transport block. The transport block is delivered to the MAC layer.

[0220] In the physical layer processing at the transmitting and receiving sides described above, time-domain and frequency-domain resources (e.g., OFDM symbols, subcarriers, carrier frequencies) related to subcarrier mapping, OFDM modulation, and frequency up / down conversion can be determined based on resource allocation (e.g., UL licensing, DL assignment).

[0221] For uplink data transmission, the processor 102 of this disclosure can apply the aforementioned physical layer processing (or control transceiver 106) on the transmitting side to the data unit of this disclosure to wirelessly transmit the data unit. For downlink data reception, the processor 102 of this disclosure can apply the aforementioned physical layer processing (or control transceiver 106) on the receiving side to the received radio signal to obtain the data unit of this disclosure.

[0222] For downlink data transmission, the processor 202 of this disclosure can apply the aforementioned physical layer processing (or control transceiver 206) on the transmitting side to the data unit of this disclosure to wirelessly transmit the data unit. For uplink data reception, the processor 202 of this disclosure can apply the aforementioned physical layer processing (or control transceiver 206) on the receiving side to the received radio signal to obtain the data unit of this disclosure.

[0223] Figure 10 The illustration shows the operation of a wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0224] Figure 2The first wireless device 100 may generate first information / signal according to the functions, processes and / or methods described in this disclosure, and then wirelessly transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal to... Figure 2 The second wireless device 200 (S10). The first information / signal may include data elements of this disclosure (e.g., PDU, SDU, RRC message). The first wireless device 100 may receive a radio signal including the second information / signal from the second wireless device 200 (S30), and then perform an operation based on or according to the second information / signal (S50). The second information / signal may be transmitted from the second wireless device 200 to the first wireless device 100 in response to the first information / signal. The second information / signal may include data elements of this disclosure (e.g., PDU, SDU, RRC message). The first information / signal may include content request information, and the second information / signal may include content specific to the use of the first wireless device 100. Some examples of operations specific to the use of wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described below.

[0225] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 can be Figure 1 The handheld device 100d performs the functions, processes, and / or methods described in this disclosure. The handheld device 100d can acquire user input information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video) and convert the acquired information / signals into a first information / signal. The handheld device 100d can transmit the first information / signal to a second wireless device 200 (S10). The second wireless device 200 may be... Figure 1 The handheld device 100d can receive the second information / signal from the second wireless device 200 (S30) and perform an operation based on the second information / signal (S50). For example, the handheld device 100d can output the content of the second information / signal (e.g., in the form of text, voice, image, video, or haptic feedback) to the user through its I / O unit.

[0226] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 may be a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle 100b, which performs the functions, processes, and / or methods described in this disclosure. The vehicle 100b may communicate via its communication unit (e.g., Figure 1The communication unit 110 of vehicle C sends (S10) signals (e.g., data and control signals) to (S30) external devices such as other vehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and roadside units). Vehicle 100b may include a drive unit that enables vehicle 100b to travel on a road. The drive unit of vehicle 100b may include an engine, an electric motor, a powertrain, wheels, brakes, steering equipment, etc. Vehicle 100b may include sensor units for acquiring vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. Vehicle 100b may generate first information / signal and send it to second wireless device 200 (S10). The first information / signal may include vehicle status information, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. Vehicle 100b may receive second information / signal from second wireless device 200 (S30). The second information / signal may include vehicle status information, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. Vehicle 100b may travel, stop, or adjust speed on the road based on the second information / signal (S50). For example, vehicle 100b can receive a map containing second information / signals, including data and traffic information data, from an external server (S30). Vehicle 100b can generate an autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the second information / signals, and can move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control) (S50). In another example, the control unit or processor of vehicle 100b can generate a virtual object based on map information, traffic information, and vehicle location information obtained through the GPS sensor of vehicle 100b, and the I / O unit 140 of vehicle 100b can display the generated virtual object in a window of vehicle 100b (S50).

[0227] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 can be Figure 1 The XR device 100c performs the functions, processes, and / or methods described in this disclosure. The XR device 100c can communicate via its communication unit (e.g., ...). Figure 1 The communication unit 110 of the XR device 100c sends (S10) and receives (S30) signals (e.g., media data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other wireless devices, handheld devices, or media servers. For example, the XR device 100c sends content request information to another device or media server (S10), downloads / streams content such as movies or news from another device or media server (S30), and generates, outputs, or displays XR objects (e.g., AR / VR / MR objects) based on second information / signals wirelessly received through the I / O unit of the XR device (S50).

[0228] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 can be Figure 1The robot 100a performs the functions, processes, and / or methods described in this disclosure. Depending on its intended use or field, the robot 100a can be classified as an industrial robot, medical robot, household robot, military robot, etc. The robot 100a can communicate via its communication unit (e.g., ...). Figure 1 The communication unit 110 of robot 100a sends (S10) and receives (S30) signals (e.g., drive information and control signals) to and from external devices such as other wireless devices, other robots, or control servers. The second information / signal may include drive information and control signals for robot 100a. The control unit or processor of robot 100a may control the movement of robot 100a based on the second information / signal.

[0229] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 can be Figure 1 AI devices 400. AI devices can be implemented through fixed or mobile devices, such as televisions, projectors, smartphones, PCs, laptops, digital broadcast terminals, tablets, wearable devices, set-top boxes (STBs), radios, washing machines, refrigerators, digital signage, robots, vehicles, etc. AI devices 400 can use wired / wireless communication technologies to send and receive signals from other AI devices (e.g., Figure 1 (e.g., 100a, ..., 100f, 200 or 400) or AI servers (e.g., Figure 1 The AI ​​device 400 sends (S10) and receives (S30) wired / radio signals (e.g., sensor information, user input, learning models, or control signals) from external devices. The control unit or processor of the AI ​​device 400 can determine at least one feasible operation of the AI ​​device 400 based on information determined or generated using data analysis algorithms or machine learning algorithms. The AI ​​device 400 can request sensor information, user input, learning models, control signals, etc., from external devices such as other AI devices or AI servers (S10). The AI ​​device 400 can receive second information / signals (e.g., sensor information, user input, learning models, or control signals) (S30), and the AI ​​device 400 can perform a predicted operation or determine an operation as the preferred operation among at least one feasible operation based on the second information / signals (S50).

[0230] The random access (RA) procedure of the NR system is described below.

[0231] In the NR system, two types of random access procedures are supported: a 4-step RA type with Msg1 and a 2-step RA type with MsgA.

[0232] Figure 11 and Figure 12An example of the random access procedures supported by the NR system is shown. Both types of RA procedures support contention-based random access (CBRA) and contention-free random access (CFRA), as follows: Figure 11 As shown.

[0233] The UE selects the type of random access when initiating a random access procedure based on network configuration. More specifically, when no CFRA resources are configured, the UE uses the RSRP threshold to select between a 2-step RA type and a 4-step RA type. When CFRA resources for the 4-step RA type are configured, the UE selects the 4-step RA type. Furthermore, when CFRA resources for the 2-step RA type are configured, the UE selects the 2-step RA type.

[0234] The network does not simultaneously configure CFRA resources for both 4-step and 2-step RA types for the Bandwidth Part (BWP), and only supports CFRA with the 2-step RA type for switching.

[0235] The 2-step RA type MsgA includes a preamble on PRACH and a payload on PUSCH. After the MsgA transmission, the UE monitors for responses from the network within a configured window.

[0236] For CFRA, upon receiving a network response, the UE terminates the random access procedure, such as... Figure 11 As shown in (d). For CBRA, if contention resolution is successful upon receiving a network response, the UE terminates the random access procedure, as follows. Figure 11 As shown in (b).

[0237] If a fallback instruction is received in the MsgB, the UE performs the MsgB transmission and monitors contention resolution, such as... Figure 12 As shown. If contention resolution fails after Msg3 (re)transmission, the UE returns to MsgA transmission.

[0238] If the 2-step random access procedure is not completed after multiple MsgA transmissions, the UE can be configured to switch to the 4-step CBRA procedure.

[0239] In addition, the 2-step RA is used for the UE to send small and infrequent data when it is in the RRC_INACTIVE state.

[0240] In a 2-step RA, after the UE sends data along with the RA preamble (which is called MsgA), the UE starts the RAR window (by using a timer called msgB-ResponseWindow) and monitors for responses from the network within the RAR window (which is called MsgB, where MsgB includes successRAR or fallbackRAR or both).

[0241] If a successRAR is received within the RAR window, the UE considers the transmission of data in MsgA to be successful.

[0242] Otherwise, if a fallbackRAR is received within the RAR window, the UE considers the transmission of the RA preamble in MsgA to be successful, but the transmission of the data in MsgA to be unsuccessful, and uses the UL permission included in the fallbackRAR to retransmit the data.

[0243] Otherwise, if neither a successRAR nor a fallbackRAR is received within the RAR window, the UE will reselect the RA preamble and retransmit the data in MsgA along with the reselected RA preamble.

[0244] Meanwhile, when the random access (RA) procedure is triggered, the UE selects a cell and a bandwidth portion (BWP) of the cell, and performs the RA procedure on the selected BWP.

[0245] If the UE receives a BWP handover indication while the RA procedure is in progress (via PDCCH or RRC signaling), the UE can ignore the BWP handover indication or switch to the new BWP indicated by the BWP handover indication.

[0246] When the UE decides to ignore the BWP handover instruction, the UE continues to perform the RA procedure on the selected BWP. However, when the UE decides to switch to a new BWP, the UE stops the ongoing RA procedure on the selected BWP and initiates a new RA procedure on the new BWP.

[0247] In the latest NR standard (i.e., 3GPP Release 17), a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state can transmit data without transitioning to RRC_CONNECTED. Data transmitted in the RRC_INACTIVE state is typically small and infrequent, and suitable for a PDU size. UEs in the RRC_INACTIVE state transmit data using a random access (RA) procedure (2-step or 4-step RA). The resources used in the RA procedure are shared resources, and data transmitted by one UE may conflict with data transmitted by another UE.

[0248] A UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state also uses the RA procedure to establish an RRC connection to the network. For example, the network might want to send a large amount of DL data to a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state, and in this case, the network sends a paging message to the UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state to command the UE to establish an RRC connection. Alternatively, a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state might want to send a large amount of UL data in the RRC_CONNECTED state, and in this case, the UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state decides to establish an RRC connection itself.

[0249] For reliable and optimal data transmission in the RRC_INACTIVE state, and also to reduce conflicts between different purposes of the RA procedure, a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state can be configured with two BWPs: one RA for data transmission (hereinafter, DATA_BWP) and another RA for establishing RRC connections (hereinafter, Conn_BWP). The UE selects either Data_BWP or Conn_BWP depending on the purpose of the RA procedure.

[0250] When a UE in RRC_INACTIVE mode triggers the RA procedure for INACTIVE data transmission, the UE selects Data_BWP and executes the RA procedure for data transmission. However, during the RA procedure on Data_BWP, the network may want the UE to switch to another BWP.

[0251] For example, a UE in RRC_INACTIVE triggers a two-step RA procedure for data transmission, and the UE transmits the RA preamble and UL data together in MsgA on Data_BWP, but may only successfully transmit the RA preamble. In this case, if the selected Data_BWP is congested, the network may want the UE to retransmit the UL data in another Data_BWP.

[0252] In another example, even if the network successfully receives both the RA preamble and UL data on Data_BWP, the network may still want the UE to establish an RRC connection if there is DL data to be sent to the UE. In this case, the network can request the UE to send an RRC connection request on Conn_BWP.

[0253] To enable a UE to switch BWPs, the network should send a PDCCH for BWP handover indication to the UE that sent the RA preamble. However, the BWP handover indication is dedicated signaling, and the network does not know which UE sent the RA preamble. Therefore, if the UL data in the MsgA is not successfully transmitted, the network cannot send a BWP handover indication to the UE and cannot change the BWP used for data retransmission.

[0254] If the UL data in the MsgA is successfully transmitted, the network can know the UE (via the RNTI in the MAC PDU that includes the UL data). However, in this case, if the network sends a BWP handover indication (via PDCCH), the UE stops the ongoing RA procedure, switches to the new BWP, and initiates a new RA procedure on the new BWP, because the RA procedure is in progress within the UE. Therefore, in this case, there is a significant delay in the UE establishing an RRC connection.

[0255] To enable a UE to switch BWPs during a random access (RA) procedure, a BWP handover indication was invented that is sent together with a random access response (RAR) message. Upon receiving the RAR message and the BWP handover indication, the UE switches to the BWP indicated by the BWP handover indication and sends Msg3 on the indicated BWP.

[0256] Therefore, according to this disclosure, it is recommended that the UE be configured with a set of Data_BWPs (i.e., BWPs for the RA procedure of data transmission in RRC_INACTIVE) and a set of Conn_BWPs (i.e., BWPs for the RA procedure of establishing an RRC connection in RRC_INACTIVE). BWP configuration information can be provided to the UE using dedicated RRC signaling, system information, or MAC control elements (CE). The BWP configuration information includes both uplink BWPs and downlink BWPs.

[0257] When the UE is in RRC_INACTIVE, UL data is generated. The UE decides whether to send data in RRC_INACTIVE and selects Data_BWP from the set of Data_BWP.

[0258] The UE initiates a RA procedure on Data_BWP for data transmission. The RA procedure can be a 2-step RA procedure or a 4-step RA procedure. If the UE selects a 2-step RA procedure, the UE sends MsgA (i.e., RA preamble and PUSCH) and waits for MsgB (i.e., successRAR or fallbackRAR), and if the UE selects a 4-step RA procedure, the UE sends Msg1 (i.e., RA preamble) and waits for Msg2 (i.e., RAR).

[0259] When the network receives MsgA or Msg1 from a UE in RRC_INACTIVE on the Data_BWP, the network assumes the UE wants to transmit data in RRC_INACTIVE. However, the network may decide to move the UE to another BWP for the remainder of the RA procedure (e.g., Data_BWP is congested and the network wants the UE to switch to another Data_BWP for further data transmission, or DL ​​data has been generated and the network wants the UE to switch to Conn_BWP for an RRC connection). In this case, the network sends a fallbackRAR (for 2-step RA) or RAR (for 4-step RA) message that includes UL permission and a BWP handover indication. The BWP handover indication includes the identifier of the new BWP the UE should switch to. The new BWP is either Data_BWP or Conn_BWP.

[0260] When the UE receives a fallbackRAR (2-step RA case) or RAR (4-step RA case) message including a RAP ID, UL authorization, and BWP handover indication, the UE checks if the RAP ID indicates the same RA preamble sent in MsgA or Msg1. If they are the same, the UE considers the response message to be targeted at the UE, and the UE switches to the BWP indicated by the BWP handover indication. The UE then sends Msg3 on the indicated BWP using the UL authorization. Msg3 is either a MAC PDU sent in MsgA or a new MAC PDU including a CCCH message (e.g., an RRC connection request or RRC connection restoration). The indicated BWP is another Data_BWP or Conn_BWP.

[0261] After sending Msg3 on the new BWP, the UE waits for Msg4 on the new BWP for contention resolution.

[0262] Figure 13 A first example of switching the BWP during the RA process according to this disclosure is shown. Specifically, Figure 13 The inactive data transfer using the 4-step RA process is shown.

[0263] In S1301: The UE receives BWP configuration information (Data_BWP and Conn_BWP) via, for example, an RRC connection release message, and transitions to RRC_INACTIVE.

[0264] In S1302: The UE generates UL data to be sent in RRC_INACTIVE.

[0265] In S1303: UE selects Data_BWP1.

[0266] In S1304: The UE triggers a 4-step RA procedure and sends Msg1 (i.e., RA preamble) on Data_BWP1.

[0267] In S1305: The network receives Msg1 on Data_BWP1. However, when Data_BWP1 is congested, the network decides to move the UE to another BWP (i.e., Data_BWP2) for Msg3 transmission.

[0268] In S1306: The network sends Msg2 (i.e., RAR) on Data_BWP1, which includes UL authorization and BWP handover indication. The BWP handover indication indicates that the UE should move to Data_BWP2.

[0269] In S1307: Upon receiving Msg2, the UE switches the BWP to Data_BWP2.

[0270] In S1308: The UE sends Msg3 on Data_BWP2 using UL permission. Msg3 includes a MACPDU containing UL data.

[0271] In S1309: When Msg4 is received and the contention is resolved successfully, the UE considers the UL data to have been successfully transmitted.

[0272] Figure 14 A second example of switching the BWP during the RA process according to this disclosure is shown. In particular, Figure 14 The inactive data transfer using a 2-step RA process is shown.

[0273] In S1401: The UE receives BWP configuration information (Data_BWP and Conn_BWP) via, for example, an RRC connection release message, and transitions to RRC_INACTIVE.

[0274] In S1402: The UE generates UL data to be sent in RRC_INACTIVE.

[0275] In S1403: UE selects Data_BWP1.

[0276] In S1404: The UE triggers a 2-step RA procedure and sends MsgA (i.e., RA preamble and UL data) on Data_BWP1.

[0277] In S1405: The network receives MsgA on Data_BWP1. However, only the RA preamble is successfully received, and the UL data is not successfully received. Furthermore, Data_BWP1 is congested. Therefore, the network decides to move the UE to another BWP, Data_BWP2, for Msg3 transmission.

[0278] In S1406: The network sends a MsgB (i.e., fallbackRAR) on Data_BWP1, which includes a UL authorization and a BWP handover indication. The BWP handover indication indicates that the UE should move to Data_BWP2.

[0279] In S1407: Upon receiving Msg2, the UE switches the BWP to Data_BWP2.

[0280] In S1408: The UE sends Msg3 on Data_BWP2 using UL permission. Msg3 includes a MACPDU containing UL data.

[0281] In S1409: When Msg4 is received and the contention is resolved successfully, the UE considers the UL data to have been successfully transmitted.

[0282] Figure 15 A third example of switching the BWP during the RA process according to this disclosure is shown. In particular, Figure 15 The inactive data transfer using a 2-step RA process is shown.

[0283] In S1501: The UE receives BWP configuration information (Data_BWP and Conn_BWP) via, for example, an RRC connection release message, and transitions to RRC_INACTIVE.

[0284] In S1502: The UE generates UL data to be sent in RRC_INACTIVE.

[0285] In S1503: UE selects Data_BWP1.

[0286] In S1504, the UE triggers a 2-step RA procedure and sends MsgA (i.e., RA preamble and UL data) on Data_BWP1.

[0287] In S1505: The network receives MsgA on Data_BWP1. The RA preamble and UL data are successfully received. However, DL data generated for the UE exists. Therefore, the network decides to move the UE to Conn_BWP for RRC connection.

[0288] In S1506: The network sends a MsgB (i.e., fallbackRAR) on Data_BWP1, including a UL authorization and a BWP handover indication. The BWP handover indication tells the UE that it should move to Conn_BWP3. A separate indication may exist, stating that the UE should establish an RRC connection. This separate indication could indicate that the UL data sent in MsgA was successfully received and that the UE does not need to retransmit the UL data.

[0289] In S1507: Upon receiving MsgB, the UE assumes that the UL data has been successfully transmitted, but the network wants to establish an RRC connection. Therefore, the UE switches the BWP to Conn_BWP3.

[0290] In S1508: The UE sends Msg3 on Conn_BWP3 using UL permission. Msg3 includes a MAC PDU, which contains a CCCH message (e.g., an RRC connection request or an RRC connection restoration).

[0291] In S1509: When Msg4 is received and contention is resolved successfully, the UE considers the RRC connection to be successfully established.

[0292] In summary, according to this disclosure, the UE can switch BWP without any delay while the RA procedure is in progress. Therefore, it is advantageous to use data transmission in the RRC_INACTIVE of the RA procedure when the BWP performing the RA procedure is congested. Furthermore, even if the RA procedure is in progress, the network can easily request the UE to change the BWP used for data transmission. Additionally, if the network wants the UE to establish an RRC connection while the RA procedure is in progress, the network can also easily request the UE to change the BWP used to perform the RA procedure for the RRC connection.

Claims

1. A method for performing a random access (RA) procedure by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: On the first bandwidth portion (BWP) of the network that allows the transmission of uplink UL data while the Radio Resource Control (RRC) is inactive, RA preamble and UL data are transmitted. Receive an RA response (RAR) related to the RA preamble from the network, wherein the RAR includes a BWP handover indication, based on the fact that the RA preamble was successfully transmitted but the UL data was not successfully transmitted due to congestion of the first BWP; and Based on the BWP switching indication indicating that a second BWP is permitted to transmit the UL data while the RRC is inactive, the UL data is retransmitted to the network on the second BWP using the UL license.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Based on the BWP handover indication, a third BWP is instructed, which is configured to perform the RA procedure for transitioning from the RRC inactive state to the RRC connected state, and to send a connection request message to the network on the third BWP.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: The third BWP receives a contention resolution message as a response to the connection request message.

4. A user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations including: On the first bandwidth portion (BWP) of the network that allows the transmission of uplink UL data while the Radio Resource Control (RRC) is inactive, RA preamble and UL data are transmitted. Receive the RA response RAR associated with the RA preamble from the network. Wherein, based on the fact that the RA preamble was successfully transmitted but the UL data was not successfully transmitted due to congestion of the first BWP, the RAR includes a BWP handover indication; and Based on the BWP switching indication, a second BWP is authorized to transmit the UL data while the RRC is inactive, and the UL data is retransmitted to the network on the second BWP using the UL license.

5. The UE according to claim 4, wherein, The operation further includes: Based on the BWP handover indication, a third BWP is instructed, which is configured to perform the RA procedure for transitioning from the RRC inactive state to the RRC connected state, and to send a connection request message to the network on the third BWP.

6. The UE according to claim 5, wherein, The operation further includes: receiving a contention resolution message on the third BWP as a response to the connection request message.

7. An apparatus for a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations including: On the first bandwidth portion (BWP) of the network that allows the transmission of uplink UL data while the Radio Resource Control (RRC) is inactive, RA preamble and UL data are transmitted. Receive the RA response RAR associated with the RA preamble from the network. Wherein, based on the fact that the RA preamble was successfully transmitted but the UL data was not successfully transmitted due to congestion of the first BWP, the RAR includes a BWP handover indication; and Based on the BWP switching indication indicating that a second BWP is permitted to transmit the UL data while the RRC is inactive, the UL data is retransmitted to the network on the second BWP using the UL license.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing at least one computer program, said at least one computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations for a user equipment (UE), said operations comprising: On the first bandwidth portion (BWP) of the network that allows the transmission of uplink UL data while the Radio Resource Control (RRC) is inactive, RA preamble and UL data are transmitted. Receive the RA response RAR associated with the RA preamble from the network. Wherein, based on the fact that the RA preamble was successfully transmitted but the UL data was not successfully transmitted due to congestion of the first BWP, the RAR includes a BWP handover indication; and Based on the BWP switching indication indicating that a second BWP is permitted to transmit the UL data while the RRC is inactive, the UL data is retransmitted to the network on the second BWP using the UL license.

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