Spring-rotating force buffering vacuum break valve with adjustable seal for water turbine

Abstract

The application discloses a special adjustable sealing type spring-rotating-force buffering vacuum breaking valve for a hydraulic turbine, wherein a valve seat is fixed with a spring supporting cylinder through a rib plate, a self-lubricating ring and a copper sliding ring are arranged below the spring supporting cylinder, a spring is arranged above the copper sliding ring, a bearing bush is arranged in a shaft seat provided with an O-shaped sealing ring at an upper end, the bearing bush is fixed by a blocking ring provided with an O-shaped sealing ring, a valve shaft provided with a valve disc is arranged in the spring supporting cylinder through the bearing bush, a self-lubricating ring and a copper sliding ring are arranged above the spring, an adjusting pressure disc provided with a locking blind hole, an axial hole and an adjusting screw hole is screwed into an adjusting screw and compresses an adjusting spring through the self-lubricating ring and the copper sliding ring, a locking disc is fixed on the adjusting pressure disc through the adjusting screw hole, the locking disc is provided with a screw hole, a jack screw, a nut, an outer tongue stopper and a split pin, the outer diameter of the locking disc is 0.1-1.0mm away from the inner diameter of a sealing cylinder on a single side, and the sealing cylinder and the spring supporting cylinder are fixed by an O-shaped sealing ring mode. The application will be widely applied in the field of hydraulic turbine vacuum breaking.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention is a device for destroying the vacuum generated by a hydraulic turbine during operation or emergency shutdown, which has a destructive effect. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the vacuum breaker valve used to destroy the vacuum generated by the water turbine during operation or emergency shutdown has poor sealing, water leakage, defects in the anti-loose structure of the adjusting spring part, poor buffering performance, complex structure, and no structure to prevent the rotational force generated by the spring during compression and release from affecting the adjusting part. In some existing technical solutions, although there is a spring adjustment and anti-loose structure, this structure has a great damaging effect on the threads. For example, in an existing technical solution, an adjustable vacuum breaker valve has an adjustment port opened from the side, and an adjusting block is rotated from the side using a tool. This radial rotating adjusting block not only overcomes the difficulty of generating several hundred newtons (N) or even several thousand newtons (N) of axial force after the spring is compressed, but also easily damages the threads, making it impossible to adjust. Because when the radial adjusting block compresses the spring, it is impossible to apply an axial force to protect the threads from the upward force of the spring. The adjusting block is compressed or released by the spring using a threaded force. The friction between the upper end of the spring and the adjusting block is extremely large under the action of the compression force of the spring. During the process of rotating the adjusting block to compress the spring under the action of the tool, the spring is rotated, causing the spring to generate a torsional force. When the tool is removed, the adjusting block is rotated in the opposite direction under the action of friction and spring torsional force, returning to the position before adjustment. It fails to achieve the technical requirements of adjusting the spring. There is no sealing baffle on the side adjustment port. When water enters the vacuum breaker valve and the float reaches the sealing position, the water containing sand will enter the vacuum breaker valve, causing the spring to rust and break, and other moving parts to be jammed by sand, making it impossible to destroy the huge vacuum generated by the water turbine during operation or shutdown. The vacuum breaker valve cannot meet the technical requirements expected in this scheme and cannot achieve the technical purpose. It also brings great risks to the safe operation of the water turbine. In the technical solution of the vacuum breaker valve, the radial anti-rotation pin is also not appropriate. Not only does it damage the threads, but it also has the following defects: when the valve disc is pulled down by the huge vacuum and compressed by the spring, the spring generates a rotational force. This rotational force frequently acts on the radial anti-rotation pin through friction, which may cause the radial anti-rotation pin to be cut off. When the radial anti-rotation pin is cut off, the adjusting block will be separated from the valve shaft under the action of the rotational force of the spring, causing the spring to be completely released. The valve disc is separated from the valve port, and water containing sand enters the vacuum breaker valve through the side adjustment port, exacerbating the rusting and breaking of the spring and the jamming of the moving parts by sand, causing the vacuum breaker valve to fail. Not only does it reduce the efficiency of the water turbine, but it also increases the risk of safe operation of the water turbine. Some technical solutions not only do not improve the technical effect of the original technical solution in the existing technology, but also make the technical effect of the original technical solution worse. There is an urgent need in the field for a technical solution that completely overcomes the defects in the existing technical solution, has good reliability, has a reasonable structure, and has good technical effects to meet the needs of the field. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical scheme provided by the application fully meets the technical requirements of water turbine vacuum breaking, has good technical effects, and has simple and ingenious structure. The main technical features are as follows: an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged on the upper end of the spring support cylinder lower end shaft seat, a bearing bush is arranged in the shaft seat, a blocking ring with the O-shaped sealing ring is fixed to the lower end of the bearing bush, a spring is arranged in the spring support cylinder with a self-lubricating ring and a copper sliding ring arranged at the lower end, a copper sliding ring and a self-lubricating ring are arranged at the upper end of the spring, a valve shaft with a valve disc arranged at one end is inserted into the spring support cylinder through the O-shaped sealing ring on the blocking ring, the hole in the bearing bush and the O-shaped sealing ring on the upper end of the shaft seat, an adjusting pressure disc with an axial hole, a locking blind hole and an adjusting screw hole is screwed into the adjusting screw by applying an axial force and is compressed to the required position by the self-lubricating ring and the copper sliding ring, a locking disc with a screw hole, an axial hole and an adjusting screw hole is screwed on the adjusting screw and is in close contact with the adjusting pressure disc, 4-6 jack screws with a nut and an outer tongue stop piece are screwed on the locking disc through the screw hole, and the front end of the jack screw is in contact with the locking blind hole, the nut on the jack screw is tightened, the locking edge of the outer tongue stop piece is fixed with the nut, then the split pin is inserted through the nut and the jack screw to be fixed, the distance between the outer diameter of the locking disc and the inner diameter of the sealing cylinder is 0.1-1.0mm, and the sealing cylinder is fixed on the upper end of the spring support cylinder with the O-shaped sealing ring by using the bolt and the nut. The inner diameter of the O-shaped sealing ring at both ends of the bearing bush is in close contact with the valve shaft, the water sealing property is excellent and wear-resistant, the sealing property of the O-shaped sealing ring at the position of the locking disc and the spring support cylinder is also excellent, so the spring and other components will not rust, the service life of the spring is long, the spring has good elasticity, and the working parameters of the spring are stable, therefore, the spring compression distance does not need to be adjusted frequently due to spring rust, and only the accurate spring compression distance needs to be ensured during assembly and debugging to meet the technical requirements of water turbine vacuum breaking. The self-lubricating ring and the copper sliding ring are arranged at both ends of the spring, the friction coefficient between the two rings is extremely small, when the spring is compressed to generate a huge axial force and a rotating force, the two groups of rings will not apply most of the rotating force to the adjusting pressure disc due to the extremely small friction force, and the reliability of the adjusting pressure disc and the locking disc is further improved. Since the axial hole is adopted in the technical scheme, when the tool adjusts the spring compression amount through the adjusting pressure disc, a downward axial force and a rotating force can be applied, and the axial force offsets the upward elastic force of the spring, so that the technical purpose of protecting the screw thread in the adjusting screw hole of the adjusting screw during the adjustment of the spring is achieved. Since the nut locking, the outer tongue stop piece locking and the split pin structure are adopted for the jack screw, and the front end of the jack screw is inserted into the multiple locking blind holes in the adjusting pressure disc, the locking disc and the adjusting pressure disc have no relative movement, and the reliability of the locking mode of the adjusting pressure disc is ensured.

[0004] The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme provided by the application is as follows: when the device is assembled and debugged to meet the vacuum degree parameters formed by destroying different water turbines, the spring can be debugged by adjusting the pressure disc with a tool. Since the upper and lower ends of the spring are provided with self-lubricating rings and copper sliding rings, the spring is equivalent to being provided with two thrust bearings at the upper and lower ends. Therefore, the tool is placed in the axial hole on the adjusting pressure disc, a large enough axial pressure is applied downward to overcome the upward elastic force of the spring, and then a smaller rotating force is applied to adjust the compression amount of the spring. The left rotation compresses, and the right rotation releases. After the working compression amount of the spring is adjusted, the lock washer and the 4-6 jack screws on the lock washer are screwed, the jack screws are locked and locked by the nut, the outer tongue stopper and the split pin, and the adjusting pressure disc and the lock washer are integrated without relative movement. Since the upper and lower groups of self-lubricating rings and copper sliding rings eliminate the rotating force of the spring during compression and rebound, the position of the adjusting pressure disc and the lock washer is reliable, the self-lubricating ring is made of graphite material, and no lubricating grease is needed during work. The sealing cylinder and the spring support cylinder have good sealing performance, which ensures that the spring does not rust in a humid environment. Since the spring does not rust, the working parameters of the spring will not change, and the situation of jamming and water leakage will not occur. Therefore, the product produced by adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the application does not need to frequently adjust the spring parameters, greatly saving the physical strength and time of the user. The compression amount of the spring is proportional to the vacuum degree generated by the water turbine and the valve disc area. The vacuum generated by the water turbine due to flow separation will cause the water turbine and the pipeline to vibrate violently, which will damage the water turbine. Therefore, under the premise of not affecting the efficiency of the water turbine, the vacuum degree of the vacuum breaking valve is as small as possible to quickly supplement a large amount of air and quickly eliminate the vacuum generated by the water turbine to avoid causing the water turbine and the pipeline to vibrate. The single-side distance between the outer diameter of the lock washer and the inner diameter of the sealing cylinder is 0.1-1.0 mm. When the water turbine generates vacuum during shutdown or operation, the valve disc moves downward under the action of vacuum to supplement air and break the vacuum formed by the water turbine. At the same time, the adjusting pressure disc on the valve shaft and the valve disc move downward synchronously to compress the spring. The length of the valve shaft meets the downward movement distance. At this time, the air in the spring support cylinder will enter the lock washer, i.e. the sealing cylinder, from the 0.1-1.0 mm annular gap between the lock washer and the sealing cylinder. When the vacuum in the water turbine disappears rapidly due to the supplement of air, the valve disc quickly returns to close under the action of the elastic force and the elastic potential energy of the spring. At this time, the air between the lock washer and the sealing cylinder will be quickly compressed and absorbed, the air that has not been discharged from the 0.1-1.0 mm annular gap will be compressed from unsaturated air to saturated air, the dynamic energy converted from the huge elastic potential energy of the spring is absorbed, the lock washer also plays a role in compressing air to achieve buffering, so that the valve disc cannot collide with the valve port violently during rapid closing to cause the valve shaft to break and the valve disc to fall off, causing the water turbine to be flooded.The technical solution disclosed in this invention has a good disrupting effect on the vacuum generated by the water turbine, ensuring that no vacuum is generated during the operation and emergency shutdown of the water turbine, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of backflow hammer. Therefore, this technical solution does not require an anti-backflow hammer structure. The vacuum disrupting valve involved in this technical solution has excellent sealing performance, stable spring operating parameters, and flexible and reliable operation. Therefore, this vacuum disrupting valve does not require an additional waterproof sealing device.

[0005] The technical solution provided by this invention features an ingenious and simple structural design, abandoning redundant and ineffective techniques found in existing technologies. This significantly improves the reliability of the solution. The novel anti-spring rotational force structure utilizes an anti-loosening disc that both stops the adjusting pressure plate and acts as a buffer, achieving a perfect cushioning effect. The axial hole adjustment spring compression technique completely overcomes the serious shortcomings of existing technologies that use radial adjustment spring compression. This solution employs O-rings for overall sealing, greatly improving the corrosion resistance of the spring and internal components. Therefore, the technical solution disclosed in this invention possesses novelty, inventiveness, and practicality compared to existing technologies, and will be widely applied in the field of turbine vacuum failure. Attached image description:

[0006] Figure 1 Main view of the adjustable sealing anti-spring rotational force buffer vacuum breaker valve for water turbines.

[0007] Figure 2 AA View of Adjustable Sealed Anti-Spring Rotation Force Buffer Vacuum Breaker Valve for Water Turbines

[0008] Figure 3 Adjustable, sealed, anti-spring rotational force buffer vacuum breaker valve for water turbines (BB view)

[0009] Figure 4 .Enlarged view of the adjustable sealing anti-spring rotational force buffer vacuum breaker valve for water turbines I

[0010] in:

[0011] 1. Axial hole; 2. Cotter pin; 3. External tongue stop plate.

[0012] 4. Set screw 5. Nut 6. Screw hole

[0013] 7. Anti-loosening disc 8. Anti-loosening blind hole 9. Adjusting pressure plate

[0014] 10. Self-lubricating ring; 11. Copper slip ring; 12. Spring

[0015] 13. Rib plate; 14. Valve seat; 15. Valve port

[0016] 16. Valve disc; 17. Retaining ring; 18. Pin.

[0017] 19. Slotted nut; 20. O-ring seal; 21. Bolt

[0018] 22. Fitting hole; 23. Shaft seat; 24. Bearing shell.

[0019] 25. Spring support sleeve; 26. Valve shaft; 27. Handle flange.

[0020] 28. Adjusting screw hole; 29. ​​Adjusting screw; 30. Sealing cylinder Detailed implementation method:

[0021] The spring support cylinder 25, which has a handle flange 27 on the top and a bearing seat 23 on the bottom, is fixed together with the valve seat 14, which has a handle hole 22 and a valve port 15, by four stiffeners 13. The O-ring seal 20 is installed on the upper end of the bearing seat 23, the bearing shell 24 is placed inside the bearing seat 23, and the retaining ring 17 with the O-ring seal 20 is fixed to the end of the bearing seat 23 below the bearing shell 24 with bolts 21. The valve disc 16 is fixed to the lower end of the valve shaft 26 using the slotted nut 19, pin 18 and cotter pin 2. The valve shaft 26 with the adjusting screw 29 is passed through the O-ring 20 on the retaining ring 17, the inner hole of the bearing bush 24 and the O-ring 20 on the upper end of the bearing seat 23 and placed in the spring support cylinder 25. The self-lubricating ring 10 and the copper slip ring 11 are placed in sequence at the lower end of the spring support cylinder 25. Then the spring 12 is placed in the spring support cylinder 25. The copper slip ring 11 and the self-lubricating ring 10 are placed in sequence on the upper end of the spring 12. The adjusting pressure plate 9 with the axial hole 1 and the adjusting screw hole 28 is screwed into the adjusting screw 29 and the spring 12 is compressed by the self-lubricating ring 10 and the copper slip ring 11. Screw the anti-loosening disc 7, which has a screw hole 6, an axial hole 1, and an adjusting screw hole 28, onto the adjusting screw 29 and press it against the adjusting pressure plate 9. Screw 4, each with a nut 5 and an external tongue stop 3, onto the anti-loosening disc 7 through the screw hole 6, and screw the front end of the set screw 4 into the anti-loosening blind hole 8 to tighten it. Then lock it with the nut 5. Fold up the external tongue stop 3 and fix it together with the nut 5. Pass the cotter pin 2 through the nut 5 and the set screw 4 and bend it. The outer diameter of the anti-loosening disc 7 is 0.1-1.0 mm away from the inner diameter of the sealing cylinder 30 on one side. Place the O-ring 20 on the upper end of the spring support cylinder 25 and the flange 27. Fix the sealing cylinder 30 to the upper end of the spring support cylinder 25 and the flange 27 with bolts 21 and nuts 5. The process is complete.

Claims

1. A special adjustable sealing anti-spring rotational force buffer vacuum rupture valve for water turbines, wherein a valve seat with a valve port and a closing hole is fixed to a spring support cylinder by a rib plate, and one end of the valve shaft is fixed to a valve disc by a slotted nut, a pin, and a cotter pin, characterized in that... An O-ring is installed on the upper end of the bearing seat at the lower end of the spring support sleeve. A bearing shell is installed in the bearing seat. A retaining ring with an O-ring is fixed to the end of the bearing seat below the bearing shell. The spring is placed in the spring support sleeve with a self-lubricating ring and a copper slip ring installed below. A copper slip ring and a self-lubricating ring are installed on the upper end of the spring. A valve shaft with an adjusting screw at one end is inserted into the spring support sleeve through the O-ring on the retaining ring, the inner hole of the bearing shell, and the O-ring on the upper end of the bearing seat. An adjusting pressure plate with an axial hole, an anti-loosening blind hole, and an adjusting screw hole is screwed into the adjusting screw by applying axial force. The spring is compressed by the self-lubricating ring and the copper slip ring. To locate the desired position, screw the anti-loosening disc with screw holes, axial holes, and adjusting screw holes onto the adjusting screw rod and tighten it against the adjusting pressure plate. Screw 4-6 set screws with nuts and external tongue stop plates through the screw holes onto the anti-loosening disc, with the front end of the set screw pressing against the anti-loosening blind hole. Tighten the nuts on the set screws, fold up the anti-loosening edge of the external tongue stop plate and fix it together with the nut. Then, pass the cotter pin through the nut and the folded edge of the set screw to fix it. The distance between the outer diameter of the anti-loosening disc and the inner diameter of the sealing cylinder on one side should be 0.1-1.0 mm. Fix the sealing cylinder to the upper end of the flange of the spring support cylinder with O-ring seal using bolts and nuts.

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