A method for establishing a microscopic visual estimation quantitative reference system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for establishing a microscopic visual estimation quantitative reference system. This method, by cooperating an ocular micrometer and a stage micrometer, establishes a more accurate and practical reference standard, basically eliminates the errors caused by the subjective factors of workers, well solves the problems brought by using a "standard diagram" as a reference, and moreover, the method is simple, accurate and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock and mineral identification, and in particular to a method for establishing a visual estimation quantitative reference system under a microscope. Background Art

[0002] At present, microscopes play an increasingly important role in research fields such as geology, coal, metallurgy, materials and medicine. Visual estimation and microscopic measurement are one of the most important functions of microscopes. The scientific and practical nature of the reference system for visual estimation under a microscope directly determines the accuracy of visual estimation. In recent years, with the application of electronic computers and analysis software in the field of rock and mineral identification, the time-consuming work of rock and mineral identification has been greatly improved. However, for some complex and extremely uneven samples, especially those with little difference in optical properties, the use of computers and analysis software still requires a large number of photos and a lot of manual intervention, which does not have many advantages, and visual estimation is still irreplaceable. Visual estimation is still a basic skill that microscopists must possess.

[0003] Whether it is a monograph or a textbook, at present, the standard chart of mineral percentage content is usually used as a comparison standard for microscopic visual estimation. The method of the standard chart is: first draw 12 circles with a diameter of 20 cm on hard white paper, then draw 12 small circles with a radius of 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, ..., 90 cm on colored paper, and cut these small circles into irregular small pieces of equal particles; finally, paste these 12 small pieces evenly in the 12 large circles on the hard white paper. The 12 circles made in this way represent the mineral percentage content of 1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, ..., 90%. However, in actual work, the observation targets encountered (such as mineral particles) are rarely equal particles, and they are definitely not the appearance of the fragments you cut. With such a standard chart as a reference, the influence of subjective factors is very large, and therefore the error is also large. In actual work, in order to avoid the subjective factors of different workers and to better discover the rules, generally only one worker can be arranged to complete a batch of samples. If a batch of samples is assigned to different workers, it is likely that the variation pattern of this batch of samples will be obscured due to the huge errors between different workers. Obviously, this set of standard diagrams is established outside the field of view of the microscope, which is obviously different from the field of view under the microscope. This is also one of the reasons why using standard diagrams is prone to errors. What is more fatal is that with such standard diagrams as a reference, you still don’t know simple and practical questions such as what proportion of particles with a diameter of 5 grids in the field of view is, and what is the diameter of particles that account for 5% of the area.

[0004] At present, the standard chart of percentage content commonly used for visual estimation under a microscope is used as a comparison standard, which is very different from the actual situation. When applied, the error caused by the subjective factors of the workers is very large and cannot be eliminated, so the method itself has great defects. In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the present invention selects a more scientific method, establishes a more accurate and practical reference standard, basically eliminates the error caused by the subjective factors of the workers, and solves the problem caused by the "standard chart" as a reference. Moreover, the method is simple, accurate and practical. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for establishing a visual estimation quantitative reference system under a microscope. The method establishes a more accurate and practical reference standard through the cooperation of an eyepiece micrometer and a stage micrometer, basically eliminates the errors caused by subjective factors of the workers, and well solves the problems caused by using a "standard map" as a reference. The method is simple, accurate and practical.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for establishing a quantitative reference system for visual estimation under a microscope, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Measure the diameter of the microscope field of view in units of the minimum number of divisions on the eyepiece micrometer

[0009] Place the stage micrometer on the stage, focus with a high-power objective lens, and make the scale of the stage micrometer fill the field of view along the field of view diameter. Then you can read the diameter of the field of view in mm. At the same time, you can read the equivalent relationship between the eyepiece micrometer and the stage micrometer scale, that is, xx grids of the eyepiece micrometer equals xx mm. From this, you can calculate that the field of view diameter of the microscope with the minimum grid number of the eyepiece micrometer as the unit is xx grids.

[0010] (2) The area ratio in the field of view corresponding to the commonly used particle diameter calculated by the number of grids and the diameter corresponding to the commonly used particle area are calculated, and the following relationship table between the target particle diameter observed by the microscope and the ratio in the field of view is established:

[0011]

[0012] (3) According to the table established in step (2), it is possible to quickly and accurately determine that particles with a diameter of xx grids account for xx% of the field of view; particles that account for xx% of the field of view have a particle size of xx grids;

[0013] (4) Using the eyepiece micrometer as a standard, the number of each particle size of different observation targets can be counted, and the relative content of each observation target can be simply and quickly obtained.

[0014] Furthermore, the high-power objective lens actually refers to an objective lens that can make the scale of the stage micrometer fill the entire field of view along the field of view diameter, such as an objective lens of 20 times or more.

[0015] Furthermore, the step (4) also includes: calculating the actual length and actual area of ​​the observed target according to the actual length represented by the eyepiece micrometer under different lenses.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0017] ⑴ It is simple and easy to establish a reference system using this method, without any additional tools and materials; ⑵ The visual estimation reference standard of the present invention is established on the basis of accurate calculation results, which significantly reduces the errors caused by subjective factors of workers when the so-called "standard map" is usually used; ⑶ The present invention directly establishes the precise visual estimation reference standard in the field of view under the microscope, unlike the "standard map", which is established outside the microscope, and is more suitable for use under the microscope, which can further improve the accuracy of visual estimation; ⑷ As long as you are willing, you can even achieve accurate measurement (which is impossible with the "standard map"); ⑸ This method is particularly suitable for visual estimation quantification of mineral processing process (powder) samples, such as the determination of mineral composition and dissociation degree. Due to the scientific establishment of the visual estimation reference standard, the errors caused by subjective factors of workers are greatly reduced, and the accuracy of visual estimation quantification is significantly improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for establishing a quantitative reference system for visual estimation under a microscope. The method is simple and easy to establish a reference system without any additional tools and materials. The established reference system is more practical and accurate, and can basically eliminate the errors caused by subjective factors of workers.

[0019] A method for establishing a quantitative reference system for visual estimation under a microscope of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:

[0020] ⑴Measure the diameter of the microscope field of view in units of the minimum number of grids of the eyepiece micrometer. Place the stage micrometer on the stage, focus with a high-power objective lens (if a low-power objective lens is used, the scale of the stage micrometer may not fill the field of view diameter, resulting in the inability to measure the field of view diameter. Generally, a 20x or higher objective lens is sufficient), so that the scale of the stage micrometer fills the field of view along the field of view diameter (one of the crosshairs), and the diameter of the field of view (unit: mm) can be read. At the same time, the equivalent relationship between the eyepiece micrometer and the stage micrometer scale can be read. That is, xx grids of the eyepiece micrometer are equal to xxmm, from which it can be calculated that the diameter of the microscope field of view in units of the minimum number of grids of the eyepiece micrometer is xx grids.

[0021] ⑵ Calculate the area ratio in the field of view corresponding to the commonly used particle diameter (such as 1 to 20 grids) and the diameter corresponding to the commonly used particle area (such as 1% to 20%), complete the following table, and an accurate reference system for quantitative estimation under the microscope is established. See the table below.

[0022] Relationship between target particle size and its proportion in the field of view observed by microscope

[0023]

[0024] ⑶ With a little familiarity, a quantitative reference system based on this accurate microscope estimation is established and can be applied at will. For example, you can accurately know that particles with a diameter of 10 grids account for xx% of the field of view; particles that account for 10% of the field of view should have a particle size of xx grids.

[0025] ⑷ Taking the eyepiece micrometer as the standard, the number of each particle size of different observation targets (such as mineral particles) can be counted, and the relative content (mineral composition) of each observation target can be easily obtained. If necessary, the actual length and actual area of ​​the observation target can also be calculated based on the actual length represented by the eyepiece micrometer under different lenses.

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] The method for establishing the visual estimation quantitative reference system in this embodiment is as follows (taking a certain type of microscope as an example):

[0028] (1) Measure the diameter of the microscope field of view in units of the minimum number of eyepiece micrometer grids. Place the stage micrometer on the stage, focus with a 20x objective lens, and make the scale of the stage micrometer fill the field of view along the diameter of the field of view (one of the crosshairs). The diameter of the field of view can be read as 1.14 mm. At the same time, the equivalent relationship between the eyepiece micrometer and the stage micrometer scale can be read. Under this microscope, 10 grids of the eyepiece micrometer are 0.05 mm, that is, each grid is 0.005 mm. Therefore, the diameter of the microscope field of view in units of the number of eyepiece micrometer grids is 228 grids.

[0029] (2) By calculating and listing the area ratio of commonly used particle diameters (such as 1-20 grids) and the diameters corresponding to commonly used particle areas (such as 1%-20%), an accurate quantitative reference system for visual estimation under a microscope is established. See the table below.

[0030] The proportion of target particle size in the field of view observed by a certain type of microscope

[0031] (Diameter of field of view: 228 grids (smallest grid of eyepiece micrometer), area: 40807.44 square grids)

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] ⑶ With a little familiarity, you can establish a quantitative reference system based on this accurate microscope visual estimation system and apply it at will. For example, you can accurately know that particles with a diameter of 10 grids account for 0.1924% of the field of view; particles that account for 10% of the field of view should have a particle size of 72.1 grids.

[0035] ⑷ Taking the eyepiece micrometer as the standard, the number of each particle size of different observation targets (such as minerals) can be counted, and the relative content (mineral composition) of each observation target can be easily obtained. If necessary, the actual particle size and actual area of ​​the observation target can also be calculated based on the actual length represented by the eyepiece micrometer under different lenses.

[0036] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for establishing a visual estimation quantitative reference system under a microscope, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: (1) Measure the diameter of the microscope field of view in units of the minimum number of grids of the ocular micrometer Place the stage micrometer on the stage. After focusing with a high-power objective lens, make the scale of the stage micrometer fill the field of view along the diameter of the field of view. Then the diameter of the field of view can be read out in mm. At the same time, the equivalent relationship between the ocular micrometer and the scale of the stage micrometer can be read out, that is, xx grids of the ocular micrometer equal xx mm. Thus, the diameter of the microscope field of view in units of the minimum number of grids of the ocular micrometer can be calculated as xx grids; (2) Calculate the proportion of the area occupied in the field of view corresponding to the particle diameter calculated by the number of grids commonly used and the diameter corresponding to the commonly used particle area, and establish the following relationship correspondence table between the particle size of the microscope observation target and the proportion in the field of view: (3) According to the table established in step (2), it is possible to quickly and accurately determine that the particles with a diameter of xx grids account for xx% in the field of view; the particle size of the particles accounting for xx% in the field of view is xx grids; (4) Taking the ocular micrometer as the standard, count the number of each particle size level of different observation targets, and then the relative content of each observation target can be obtained simply and quickly.

2. The method for establishing a visual estimation quantitative reference system under a microscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, the high-power objective lens refers to the objective lens that can make the scale of the stage micrometer fill the entire field of view along the diameter of the field of view.

3. The method for establishing a visual estimation quantitative reference system under a microscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, step (4) further includes: calculating the actual length and actual area of the observation target according to the actual length represented by the ocular micrometer under different lenses.

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