A profiling and pressing wheat seeder with self-adjustable furrowing depth

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and discloses a profiling and pressing wheat seeder with self-adjustable furrowing depth, aiming to provide an electric wheat seeder with good profiling and pressing ability, self-adjustable furrowing depth, and beneficial to improving sowing quality. Its characteristics mainly include a frame, a soil conditioner, a plurality of sowing units, a seed box, a sowing drive motor, and a sowing controller. The plurality of sowing units are arranged in a double row, front and back. Each sowing unit is equipped with two double-disc furrow openers and adopts a profiling and pressing structure, which can perform profiling and pressing on the soil after rotary tillage, ensuring the compactness and flatness of the soil before furrowing and sowing. The depth reference is measured by an ultrasonic sensor installed on the unit bracket, and the furrow opening disc is adjusted to move up and down by a single-piston rod hydraulic cylinder to achieve self-adjustment of the furrowing depth, ensuring the consistency of the depth. The soil covering and pressing roller plays a role in covering, pressing, and moisture preservation after sowing, thereby improving the quality of sowing operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and relates to a profiling and pressing wheat seeder with self-adjustable furrowing depth. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are some problems in wheat seeding operations. Due to the rotary tillage and soil preparation operations before wheat seeding, the soil is too loose, causing the seeds to hang in the soil and affecting the seeding quality. Moreover, when the wheat seeder is operating, the wheels of the tractor form ruts when rolling on the soil. The looser the soil, the deeper the ruts. The seeding area in the ruts has insufficient soil coverage, resulting in inconsistent seeding depths between the seeding area in the ruts and other seeding areas, leading to poor seeding quality. In addition, most existing seeders use ground wheels to drive the seed metering device of the seeder to meter seeds. During operation, the ground wheels are prone to phenomena such as slipping and jumping, resulting in poor metering uniformity. Secondly, the existing seeders cannot automatically adjust the furrowing depth for seeding. The furrowing depth needs to be adjusted manually by adjusting the mechanical structure of the seeder to achieve the overall adjustment of the furrowing depth, and it is impossible to achieve real-time and accurate adjustment of the furrowing depth for seeding. Summary of the Invention

[0003] 1. Technical Problems to be Solved

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a profiling and pressing wheat seeder with self-adjustable depth, which is electrically controlled, can perform profiling and pressing, can self-adjust the furrowing depth, and is beneficial to improving the seeding quality, aiming at the above-mentioned existing problems.

[0005] 2. Technical Solutions

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] The present invention is characterized in that it includes a frame, a soil leveling device, seeding units, a seed box arranged on the frame, and a seed metering drive motor installed inside the seed box and a seed metering controller installed outside the seed box respectively. A soil leveling device is installed at the front end of the frame for disturbing the soil to fill the ruts formed by the tractor during driving. The seed box is installed on the frame front and back respectively, and the seeding units are installed below the frame relative to the seed box.

[0008] In the foregoing invention features, the seeding unit includes a monomer support symmetrically arranged on the left and right, a self-adjustable furrowing depth structure and a profiling and pressing structure. One end of the furrow opener arm in the self-adjustable furrowing depth structure is hinged to the monomer support, a buffer spring is installed at the other end of the monomer support, and the buffer spring is also connected to the monomer support. The profiling and pressing structure is connected to the left and right furrow discs by bolts and nuts, and the self-adjustable furrowing depth structure and the profiling and pressing structure are installed on the furrow opener arm. The seed metering conduit passes through between the furrow opener arms and extends behind the disc furrow opener.

[0009] For the aforementioned inventive features, the self-adjusting furrow depth structure includes a furrow disc support arm, a disc furrow opener, and an ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor is installed below the front end of the single-body support. Front and rear stoppers for restricting the horizontal movement of the disc furrow opener are provided on the furrow disc support arm. Upper and middle hinge holes for hinging one end of a single-rod hydraulic cylinder are also provided. The disc furrow opener is provided with a guide groove. The disc furrow opener passes through the stopper, and a bolt and nut pass through the middle hole and the guide groove to connect the furrow disc support arm and the disc furrow opener. One end of the single-rod hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper hole of the furrow disc support arm, and the other end is connected to the hole of the disc furrow opener, thereby realizing the detection of the ultrasonic sensor and the depth control of the disc furrow opener by the single-rod hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] For the aforementioned inventive features, the profiling and pressing structure includes a profiling and pressing roller, a profiling and pressing roller support arm, a profiling connecting rod, a profiling spring, and a soil covering and pressing roller. The profiling and pressing roller support arm is connected to the furrow disc support arm by a bolt and nut. One end of the profiling connecting rod is installed on the profiling and pressing roller support arm, and the profiling spring is installed between the furrow disc support arm and the profiling connecting rod. The profiling and pressing roller and the soil covering and pressing roller are respectively installed front and rear between the left and right furrow disc support arms, realizing the profiling and pressing of the profiling and pressing roller and the soil covering and pressing roller on the ground.

[0011] 3. Beneficial effects achieved by the present invention

[0012] The structure of the present invention is simple and has a good profiling effect. The profiling and pressing roller plays a role in pressing the soil before sowing, increasing the compactness of the soil after rotary tillage and ensuring the flatness of the overall soil. Since the electric control sowing form is adopted, the phenomenon of slipping during ground wheel drive is avoided, improving the sowing accuracy. Moreover, the sowing unit can self-adjust the furrow depth, thereby better ensuring the consistency of the depth and improving the quality of the sowing operation. Description of the drawings

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sowing unit;

[0015] Figure 3 is a front view of the sowing unit;

[0016] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the key functional area of the sowing unit;

[0017] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the disc furrow opener;

[0018] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the unit on the whole machine;

[0019] In the figure: 1. seed box, 2. frame, 3. soil conditioner, 4. seeding controller, 5. seeding drive motor, 6. seeding unit, 6.1 unit support, 6.2 single-rod hydraulic cylinder, 6.3 furrow opener arm, 6.4 buffer spring, 6.5 profiling link, 6.6 profiling spring, 6.7 soil covering and compaction roller, 6.8 connecting bolt, 6.9 disc furrow opener, 6.10 profiling and compaction arm, 6.11 profiling and compaction roller, 6.12 ultrasonic distance sensor, 6.13 furrow opener stop block, 6.14 lifting groove, 7. seed metering device, 8. seed metering conduit; Detailed implementation mode

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, a profiling and compaction wheat seeder with self-adjustable depth designed by the present invention includes a frame 2, a soil conditioner 3, a seeding unit 6, a seed box 1 arranged on the frame 2, and a seeding drive motor 5 installed inside the seed box 1 and a seeding controller 4 installed outside. The soil conditioner 3 is installed at the front end of the frame 2, the seed box 1 is installed on the frame 2 front and back respectively, and the seeding unit 6 is installed below the frame 2 relative to the seed box 1;

[0022] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a schematic diagram of the structure of the seeding unit is given, including a unit support 6.1 and a buffer spring 6.4, and also including a self-adjustable furrow opening depth structure and a profiling and compaction structure. The self-adjustable furrow opening depth structure consists of a single-rod hydraulic cylinder 6.2, a furrow opener arm 6.3, a disc furrow opener 6.9, and an ultrasonic distance sensor 6.12. One end of the furrow opener arm 6.3 is hinged to the unit support 6.1, and the other end is hinged to the buffer spring 6.4. One end of the single-rod hydraulic cylinder 6.2 is fixedly connected to the disc furrow opener 6.9, and the other end is fixedly connected to the furrow opener arm 6.3. The ultrasonic distance sensor 6.12 is installed on the lower surface of the front end of the unit support 6.1. The profiling and compaction structure includes a profiling link 6.5, a profiling spring 6.6, a soil covering and compaction roller 6.7, a profiling and compaction arm 6.10, and a profiling and compaction roller 6.11. Among them, the profiling link 6.5 is hinged to the profiling and compaction arm 6.10, the profiling spring 6.6 is installed on the profiling link 6.5 and the profiling and compaction arm 6.10, and the profiling and compaction roller 6.11 is installed between the symmetrically arranged profiling and compaction arms 6.10 on the left and right, and the soil covering and compaction roller 6.7 is installed between the symmetrically arranged profiling links 6.5 on the left and right;

[0023] As Figure 4 and 5As shown, the disc furrow opener 6.9 passes through the front and rear furrow opener stoppers 6.13, and the connecting bolt 6.8 is installed on the furrow opener support arm 6.3 through the lifting slot 6.14. Similarly, the profiling and pressing support arm 6.10 is installed on the furrow opener support arm 6.3 through the connecting bolt 6.8;

[0024] As Figure 6 shown, the seeding unit 6 is assembled under the frame 2. A seed metering device 7 is installed under the seed box 1, and a seed metering conduit 8 connected to the seed metering device 7 passes between the furrow opener support arms 6.3 and extends behind the disc furrow opener 6.9.

[0025] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0026] During the operation, the tractor pulls the seeder to move forward at a certain operation speed. The seeding controller 4 controls the rotation speed of the seeding drive motor 5 according to the operation speed to achieve precise control of the seeding rate. After the ridger 3 levels the ruts, the profiling and pressing roller 6.11 of the seeding unit 6 can compact the overly loose soil to a certain extent, reducing the possibility of soil heaping in the furrow and ensuring the overall flatness of the soil in the subsequent furrow opening process. The ultrasonic distance sensor 6.12 measures the height of the compacted soil from the machine body, and based on this reference, the self-adjustment of the furrow opening depth is achieved by controlling the action of the single-rod piston hydraulic cylinder 6.2. Since the straight-tube type seed metering conduit 8 is adopted, the blockage during seed dropping is avoided, and the seed dropping height is reduced to minimize the seed dropping bounce. The covering and pressing roller 6.7 realizes the covering and pressing of the dropped seeds, playing an effective role in moisture conservation.

Claims

1. A profiling and pressing wheat seeder with self-adjustable furrowing depth, comprising a frame and a soil leveling device, seeding units, a seed box arranged on the frame, and a seed metering drive motor installed inside the seed box and a seed metering controller installed outside the seed box respectively. The soil leveling device is installed at the front end of the frame and is used to disturb the soil to fill the tractor ruts. The seed box is installed on the frame front and back respectively, and the seeding unit is installed under the frame relative to the seed box. The seeding unit includes a monomer bracket arranged symmetrically left and right, a self-adjustable furrowing depth structure and a profiling and pressing structure. One end of the furrowing disc arm in the self-adjustable furrowing depth structure is hinged to the monomer bracket, the other end of the furrowing disc arm is connected to a buffer spring, and the other end of the buffer spring is installed on the monomer bracket on the other side. The self-adjustable furrowing depth structure and the profiling and pressing structure are installed on the furrowing disc arm. The seed metering conduit passes between the furrowing disc arms and extends behind the disc furrow opener. The self-adjustable furrowing depth structure includes a furrowing disc arm, a disc furrow opener and an ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor is installed below the front end of the monomer bracket. The disc furrow opener passes through the furrowing disc arm and is connected to it. One end of a single-piston rod hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the furrowing disc arm, and the other end is fixedly connected to the disc furrow opener, thereby realizing the detection of the ultrasonic sensor and the depth control of the disc furrow opener by the single-piston rod hydraulic cylinder. The profiling and pressing structure includes a profiling and pressing roller, a profiling and pressing roller arm, a profiling connecting rod, a profiling spring, and a soil covering and pressing roller. The profiling and pressing roller arm is connected to the furrowing disc arm by bolts and nuts. One end of the profiling connecting rod is installed on the profiling and pressing roller arm. The two ends of the profiling spring are installed on the profiling and pressing roller arm and the profiling connecting rod respectively. The profiling and pressing roller is installed between the symmetrically arranged profiling and pressing roller arms on the left and right, and the soil covering and pressing roller is installed between the symmetrically arranged profiling connecting rods on the left and right, realizing the profiling and pressing of the profiling and pressing roller and the soil covering and pressing roller on the ground.

2. The profiling and pressing wheat seeder with self-adjustable furrowing depth according to claim 1, characterized in that, Front and rear stoppers for restricting the horizontal movement of the disc furrow opener are provided on the furrowing disc arm, and upper hinge holes and middle holes for hinging one end of the single-piston rod hydraulic cylinder are also provided.

3. The profiling and pressing wheat seeder with self-adjustable furrowing depth according to claim 2, characterized in that, The disc furrow opener is provided with a guide groove and a hinge hole. The disc furrow opener passes through the stopper, and bolts and nuts pass through the middle hole and the guide groove to connect the furrowing disc arm and the disc furrow opener.

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