A multi-helix material converter

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-spiral material converter, and solves the problem of local overheating of a reactor in the prior art, which easily causes a temperature runaway accident, and the specific technical scheme is as follows: a multi-spiral material converter, which comprises a material conversion unit and a heat removal unit, wherein the material conversion unit is composed of a material inlet, an upper head, a conversion pipe, an upper pipe plate, an upper ring channel, a lower ring channel, a lower pipe plate, a lower head, a material outlet and a gas rectifier; and the heat removal unit is composed of a first spiral spoiler, a second spiral spoiler, a shell and an intermediate cylinder. The heat removal channel controlled by two sets of independent power systems is arranged, temperature control effect is good, and the heat removal effect is guaranteed. The gas rectifier is arranged on the lower pipe plate, and the material after conversion can flow out of the converter quickly, and tail burning and other dangers do not occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multi-spiral material converter. Technical Background

[0002] In existing technologies, tubular fixed-bed reactors have seen rapid development due to their advantages such as high conversion efficiency, convenient operation, and high operational flexibility. However, this type of reactor also faces problems such as complex temperature distribution, low heat transfer coefficient of the catalyst bed, and susceptibility to localized overheating. Slight improper operation can easily lead to accidents such as temperature runaway. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a material converter with a reasonable structure and uniform heat transfer to solve these technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the difficulties existing in the prior art and provide a material converter with reasonable structure, uniform heat transfer, low energy consumption, and high product quality.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A multi-spiral material converter includes a material conversion unit and a heat transfer unit. The material conversion unit consists of a material inlet, an upper end cap, a conversion tube, an upper tube sheet, an upper annular channel, a lower annular channel, a lower tube sheet, a lower end cap, a material outlet, and a gas rectifier. The heat transfer unit consists of a first spiral baffle, a second spiral baffle, a shell, and an intermediate cylinder.

[0006] The upper head, shell, and lower head constitute the converter shell. The upper head has a material inlet at the top and the lower head has a material outlet at the bottom. The upper tube sheet is installed at the upper end and the lower tube sheet is installed at the lower end inside the shell. A conversion tube is installed between the upper and lower tube sheets. A central cylinder is longitudinally installed in the non-pipe area at the center of the shell. A first spiral baffle and a second spiral baffle are installed between the central cylinder and the shell to form a closed flow channel. The upper annular channel is a square-section annular box welded to the outer wall of the reactor shell, near the upper tube sheet, with two symmetrically arranged heat transfer medium outlets. The lower annular channel is a square-section annular box installed on the outer wall of the reactor shell, near the lower tube sheet, with two symmetrically arranged heat transfer medium inlets. A gas rectifier is installed below the lower tube sheet. Multiple openings are provided on the outer wall of the connection between the flow channel inside the shell and the upper and lower annular channels.

[0007] The gas rectifier is a conical spiral shape with a certain number of small holes.

[0008] The intermediate cylinder has a certain number of small holes.

[0009] The innovative aspects of this invention are as follows:

[0010] 1. The heat transfer system of the present invention is provided with two independent heat transfer channels, which are composed of spiral baffles 11 and spiral baffles 12. The two channels formed can be controlled by independent power systems to ensure that the heat transfer process in the converter is fast and uniform and has good temperature control effect.

[0011] 2. The converter of the present invention has an intermediate cylinder 14 with openings in the non-pipe area. On the one hand, it increases the flow resistance of the heat transfer medium, and on the other hand, it ensures that the heat transfer medium does not short-circuit in the non-pipe area in the center of the converter, thus ensuring the heat transfer effect.

[0012] 3. The converter of the present invention is provided with a gas rectifier 10 on the lower tube plate 7 to rectify the material gas flowing out of the conversion tube 3, so as to ensure that the material after conversion can flow out of the converter quickly and avoid the danger of tail burning. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front view of a multi-spiral material converter according to the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a top view of the gas rectifier of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a flow diagram of the heat transfer medium in the first spiral baffle of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a flow diagram of the heat transfer medium in the second spiral baffle of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 The structural diagram of the middle cylinder of this invention.

[0018] In the figure, material inlet 1, upper end cap 2, conversion tube 3, upper tube sheet 4, upper ring channel 5, lower ring channel 6, lower tube sheet 7, lower end cap 8, material outlet 9, gas rectifier 10, first spiral baffle 11, second spiral baffle 12, shell 13, and intermediate cylinder 14. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The structure of the embodiments of the present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0020] The material converter of this invention comprises a material conversion unit consisting of a material inlet 1, an upper end cap 2, a conversion tube 3, an upper tube sheet 4, an upper annular channel 5, a lower annular channel 6, a lower tube sheet 7, a lower end cap 8, a material outlet 9, and a gas rectifier 10; and a heat transfer unit consisting of a first spiral baffle 11, a second spiral baffle 12, a shell 13, and an intermediate cylinder 14, as detailed in the appendix. Figure 1 .

[0021] When the material converter of this invention is in operation, the material enters the converter through inlet 1, undergoes conversion in conversion tube 3, and then enters the lower space of the converter. A gas rectifier 10 (see appendix for details) is installed on the lower tube sheet 7. Figure 2 The gas rectifier is conical and spiral-shaped, and a certain number of small holes are set on the rectifier. Under the action of the gas rectifier 10, the gas flow becomes stable and flows out of the converter quickly through the material outlet 9 into the next stage.

[0022] Two heat transfer medium inlets are symmetrically arranged on the lower annular channel 6. The heat transfer medium enters the converter through the lower annular channel 6 and flows through the channels formed by the first spiral baffle 11 and the second spiral baffle 12 to exchange heat with the conversion tube 3, thus removing heat. After heat exchange, the heat transfer medium flows out of the converter through the upper annular channel 5. The openings on the upper annular channel and the openings on the lower annular channel 6 are positioned relative to each other. The flow direction of the heat transfer medium flowing through the spiral baffle 11 is detailed in the appendix. Figure 3 For details on the flow direction of the heat transfer medium passing through the spiral baffle 12, please refer to the appendix. Figure 4 The heat transfer medium between the two channels is relatively independent, ensuring a fast, uniform, and efficient heat transfer process.

[0023] A central cylindrical section 14 with openings is installed in the non-pipe zone, forming a closed flow channel with the spiral baffles 11 and 12. This ensures that the heat transfer medium does not short-circuit in the central non-pipe zone of the converter, thus preventing any impact on the heat transfer effect. The openings on the cylinder are used to balance the pressure difference inside and outside the cylinder, ensuring the normal and safe operation of the equipment. See the attached diagram for details of the central cylindrical section's structure. Figure 5 .

[0024] The material enters the converter through inlet 1, is converted in the conversion tube 3, and after being rectified by the gas rectifier 10, flows out of the converter through the material outlet 9 and enters the next stage.

[0025] The heat transfer medium enters the converter through the lower annular channel 6, flows through the channels formed by the spiral baffle 11, spiral baffle 12, shell 13, and intermediate cylinder 14, and exchanges heat with the conversion tube 3 to remove heat. The intermediate cylinder 14, located in the non-pipe section, prevents the heat transfer medium from short-circuiting within the converter, which would affect the heat transfer effect. After heat exchange, the heat transfer medium flows out of the converter through the upper annular channel 5.

Claims

1. A multiple-screw material converter characterized by: The application relates to a material conversion device and a heat transfer device, wherein the material conversion device is composed of a material inlet (1), an upper head (2), a conversion tube (3), an upper tube plate (4), an upper ring channel (5), a lower ring channel (6), a lower tube plate (7), a lower head (8), a material outlet (9) and a gas rectifier (10); the heat transfer device is composed of a first spiral baffle (11), a second spiral baffle (12), a shell (13) and an intermediate cylinder (14). The spiral directions of the first spiral baffle (11) and the second spiral baffle (12) are opposite, and the first spiral baffle (11) and the second spiral baffle (12) form independent heat transfer channels respectively; two channels are connected with independent power control systems respectively for controlling the flow and flow rate of heat transfer medium. The upper head (2), the shell (13) and the lower head (8) form a converter shell, the material inlet (1) is arranged at the top of the upper head (2), the material outlet (9) is arranged at the bottom of the lower head (8), the upper tube plate (4) is arranged at the upper end of the shell (13), the lower tube plate (7) is arranged at the lower end of the shell (13), the conversion tube (3) is arranged between the upper tube plate (4) and the lower tube plate (7), the intermediate cylinder (14) is arranged at the central position of the shell (13) in the longitudinal direction, the first spiral baffle (11) and the second spiral baffle (12) are arranged between the intermediate cylinder (14) and the shell (13) to form a closed flow channel, the upper ring channel (5) and the lower ring channel (6) are both square annular boxes, and two heat transfer medium outlets are symmetrically arranged in the upper ring channel (5) and the lower ring channel (6); the upper ring channel (5) is welded to the outer wall of the shell (13) near the upper tube plate (4), the lower ring channel (6) is arranged on the outer wall of the shell (13) near the lower tube plate (7), and the gas rectifier (10) is arranged below the lower tube plate (7).

2. A multiple-screw material converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of openings are arranged on the outer wall of the connection between the flow channel in the shell (13) and the upper ring channel and the lower ring channel.

3. A multiple-screw material converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas rectifier (10) is a conical spiral shape and is provided with a plurality of small holes.

4. A multiple-screw material converter according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of small holes are arranged on the intermediate cylinder (14).

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