Fast linear transformer driver based on optical triggering

Abstract

The present application relates to pulse driving source, specifically to a kind of fast linear transformer driving source based on light trigger, to solve the technical problems that coaxial cable used when large FLTD device adopts coaxial cable transmission electric trigger pulse, the coaxial cable used is not only poor in insulation, sealing is difficult when being introduced into device interior, and synchronous trigger system is huge and complex, high cost, a kind of fast linear transformer driving source based on light trigger is provided, including driving source cavity, its outside is provided with one or more optical fiber joints, the inside of the driving source cavity is circumferentially provided with trigger branch and multiple discharge branches, trigger branch and multiple discharge branches are internally provided with annular insulator, annular insulator is embedded with angular transmission line, and trigger metal ring connected therewith, the output end of trigger branch is sequentially connected with angular transmission line, trigger metal ring, trigger metal ring is provided with multiple connection points, and is connected with multiple discharge branch switches one by one respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to transformer drive sources, and more specifically to a fast linear transformer drive source based on light triggering. Background Technology

[0002] Fast linear transformer drivers (FLTDs) are essentially induced voltage superimposed circuits with energy storage and pulse generation components located inside the induction cavity, multiple fast discharge branches connected in parallel, and multiple stages connected in series. They can directly generate high-power pulses with a leading edge of 60–300 ns and have promising development prospects. Existing large-scale FLTD devices typically require the introduction of multiple fast-leading-edge electrical trigger pulses, generally using coaxial cables for transmission. However, the introduction of coaxial cables requires passing through the grounding cavity of the FLTD device to allow the transmitted electrical pulses to enter the FLTD device for triggering. The electrical pulse triggering system of existing large-scale FLTD devices is large and complex. Using coaxial cables not only results in poor insulation but also presents sealing difficulties when introducing them into the FLTD device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of existing large-scale FLTD devices that use coaxial cables to transmit electrical trigger pulses. These coaxial cables not only have poor insulation and are difficult to seal when introduced into the device, but also result in a large, complex, and expensive synchronous triggering system. The invention provides a fast linear transformer drive source based on optical triggering.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A fast linear transformer driver based on optical triggering is characterized by the following features: It includes a driver source cavity, with one or more fiber optic connectors disposed on the outer side of the cavity. Each fiber optic connector has an input end connected to a transmission fiber, the input end of which is used to connect to an external laser source device. The driver source cavity has a trigger branch and multiple discharge branches arranged circumferentially inside. Each trigger branch includes an optical trigger switch and upper and lower trigger branch capacitors connected in series with the optical trigger switch. The output end of the fiber optic connector is connected to the optical trigger switch via a transmission fiber, and the optical trigger switch is used to receive laser pulses transmitted by the transmission fiber. Each of the multiple discharge branches includes a discharge branch switch and upper and lower discharge branch capacitors connected in series with the discharge branch switch, respectively. The output ends of the multiple upper discharge branch capacitors are used to connect to a load.

[0006] Annular insulators are provided between the upper trigger branch capacitor and the lower trigger branch capacitor, and between the multiple upper discharge branch capacitors and the multiple lower discharge branch capacitors respectively. An angular transmission line and a trigger metal ring connected to the angular transmission line are embedded inside the annular insulator. The output terminal of the upper trigger branch capacitor is connected to the angular transmission line, and multiple connection points are distributed on the trigger metal ring, which are respectively connected to the multiple discharge branch switches one by one.

[0007] Furthermore, there are two fiber optic connectors, each connected to a transmission fiber; the optical trigger switch is a four-gap gas switch, which includes two optical guide branches, a ground electrode, two floating electrodes, two high-voltage electrodes, and four equalizing resistors; the floating electrodes and high-voltage electrodes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ground electrode; the output ends of the two fiber optic connectors are respectively connected to the two optical guide branches through a transmission fiber, and the optical guide branches are used to receive laser pulses transmitted by the transmission fibers;

[0008] One end of each of the two optical guide branches is connected to the ground electrode, and the other end is connected to the two floating electrodes respectively; a voltage equalization resistor is connected between the end of the ground electrode away from the optical guide branch and the two floating electrodes respectively, and a voltage equalization resistor is connected between the floating electrodes on both sides of the ground electrode and the high voltage electrode respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the two optical fiber branches includes a series optical fiber switch and a current-limiting resistor; the output ends of the two optical fiber connectors are respectively connected to the two optical fiber switches through a transmission optical fiber, and the optical fiber switches are used to receive the laser pulses transmitted by the transmission optical fiber.

[0010] Furthermore, the multiple connection points on the trigger metal ring are respectively connected to multiple discharge branch switches one by one through isolation resistors or isolation inductors.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission optical fiber is wrapped with an insulating material.

[0012] Furthermore, the output end of each optical fiber connector is vertically fixed to the irradiated surface of the photoconductive switch via a transmission optical fiber.

[0013] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0014] 1. The optically triggered fast linear transformer drive source provided by this invention no longer uses coaxial cables, but innovatively adopts an optical triggering method, using laser pulses transmitted through optical fibers to trigger the FLTD, thereby realizing the triggering and conduction of the triggering branch; and the electrical pulses output after the triggering branch is triggered are transmitted to multiple discharge branches through angular transmission lines and triggering metal rings, realizing the synchronous triggering and discharge of multiple discharge branches within the FLTD module. This not only greatly simplifies the requirements of large FLTD devices for their triggering systems, but also solves the reliability problem of the triggering system and the triggering pulse introduction cable used.

[0015] 2. The optically triggered fast linear transformer drive source provided by this invention utilizes opto-isolation characteristics to enable the laser pulses transmitted by the transmission optical fiber to trigger the optical trigger switch at a high potential. This is a revolutionary triggering method with significant application value in the field of pulse power.

[0016] 3. The optical triggering switch in the optically triggered fast linear transformer drive source provided by this invention adopts a four-gap gas switch, which combines optical waveguide switch and gas switch technology. It makes full use of the advantages of low triggering requirements of optical waveguide switch and high voltage and large current of gas switch. The gap voltage distribution inside the four-gap gas switch is controlled according to the resistance change of optical waveguide switch before and after laser pulse irradiation, thereby realizing controlled triggering of four-gap gas switch, which in turn causes the trigger branch in FLTD module to generate fast leading edge electric pulse. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fast linear transformer drive source based on light triggering provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection between the angular transmission line and the trigger metal ring in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the four-gap gas switch in the embodiment;

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0021] 1-Trigger branch, 2-Discharge branch, 3-Angular transmission line, 4-Trigger metal ring, 5-Ring insulator, 6-Transmission line, 7-Load, 8-Fiber optic connector, 9-Drive source cavity, 10-Grounding resistor, 11-High voltage electrode, 12-Floating electrode, 13-Grounding electrode, 14-Photoconductive switch, 15-Laser pulse, 16-Current limiting resistor, 17-Voltage equalizing resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] The present invention provides a light-triggered fast linear transformer drive source, comprising a drive source cavity 9, on the outside of which one or more fiber optic connectors 8 are disposed. Each fiber optic connector 8 has an input end connected to a transmission fiber, the input end of which is used to connect to an external laser source device. In this embodiment, the external laser source device is a laser diode used to generate laser pulses 15. The laser pulses 15 generated by the external laser source device are transmitted through the transmission fiber, and the sealing effect of the fiber optic connectors on the transmission fiber enables the sealed introduction of the transmission fiber. In this embodiment, the transmission fiber is wrapped with insulating material and does not have a metal protective armor, enabling it to trigger a light-triggered switch at a high potential.

[0024] The drive source cavity 9 is internally equipped with a trigger branch 1 and multiple discharge branches 2. The trigger branch 1 includes an optical trigger switch, and upper trigger branch capacitors and lower trigger branch capacitors connected in series with the optical trigger switch. The output end of the fiber optic connector 8 is connected to the optical trigger switch via a transmission optical fiber. One end of the upper trigger branch capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the optical trigger switch, and the other end is grounded through a grounding resistor 10. One end of the lower trigger branch capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the optical trigger switch, and the other end is grounded. In this embodiment, the optical trigger switch is a four-gap gas switch. In order to achieve the triggering and conduction of the four-gap gas switch, two transmission optical fibers are required. Therefore, there are two fiber optic connectors 8. Each transmission optical fiber passes through the drive source cavity 9 and enters the cavity 9 through the fiber optic connector 8. The four-gap gas switch includes two optical guide branches, a ground electrode 13, two floating electrodes 12, two high-voltage electrodes 11, and four equalizing resistors. Floating electrodes 12 and high-voltage electrodes 11 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ground electrode 13. One end of each of the two optical guide branches is connected to the ground electrode 13, and the other end is connected to the two floating electrodes 12 respectively. An equalizing resistor 17 is connected between the end of the ground electrode 13 furthest from the optical guide branch and the two floating electrodes 12. An equalizing resistor 17 is also connected between the floating electrodes 12 on both sides of the ground electrode 13 and the high-voltage electrodes 11. The function of the equalizing resistor 17 is to evenly distribute the voltage to the four gaps of the four-gap gas switch during the switching withstand voltage process. The optical guide branch includes an optical guide switch 14 connected in series with a current-limiting resistor 16. In this embodiment, the output ends of the two fiber optic connectors 8 are connected to the two optical guide switches 14 through a transmission fiber. The optical guide switch 14 is used to receive the laser pulses 15 transmitted by the transmission fiber. The current-limiting resistor 16 is used to limit the current passing through the optical guide switch 14 to prevent overcurrent damage. When the laser pulses transmitted by the two transmission optical fibers in this embodiment irradiate the photoconductive switch 14 in the trigger branch 1, as the irradiation time increases, the resistance of the photoconductive switch 14 changes from high resistance to low resistance. This causes the voltage applied to the four-gap gas switch to be mainly distributed to the two gaps adjacent to the two high-voltage electrodes 11, causing them to break down and close due to overvoltage. Then, the voltage is redistributed to the two gaps adjacent to the ground electrode 13 and causes them to break down, ultimately resulting in the complete breakdown and closure of the four-gap gas switch. This achieves the triggering and conduction of the four-gap gas switch in the trigger branch 1 under the action of the laser pulse 15.

[0025] In this embodiment, the output end of each fiber optic connector 8 is vertically fixed to the irradiated surface of the photoconductive switch 14 via a transmission fiber, so that the laser pulse 15 output by the transmission fiber can irradiate the irradiated surface of the photoconductive switch 14 to the maximum extent, effectively shortening the triggering and conduction time of the four-gap gas switch. In other embodiments, the output end of the fiber optic connector 8 may also be fixed only to the irradiated surface of the photoconductive switch 14, without requiring vertical fixation, but this is not a limitation, as long as the laser pulse 15 transmitted by the transmission fiber can reach the irradiated surface of the photoconductive switch 14. According to the start transmission time and transmission length of the multiple transmission fibers, the arrival time of the output laser pulse 15 can be adjusted to control the triggering of the FLTD. In this embodiment, the start transmission time and transmission length of the two transmission fibers are equal, so that the laser pulse 15 transmitted by them arrive simultaneously and irradiate the photoconductive switch 14 to make it conduct.

[0026] Each of the multiple discharge branches 2 includes a discharge branch switch and an upper discharge branch capacitor and a lower discharge branch capacitor connected in series with the discharge branch switch. The input terminal of the upper discharge branch capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the discharge branch switch, and its output terminal is used to connect to the load 7. The input terminal of the lower discharge branch capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the discharge branch switch, and its output terminal is grounded. A ring insulator 5 is provided between the upper and lower trigger branch capacitors, and between each of the multiple upper discharge branch capacitors and the multiple lower discharge branch capacitors. An angular transmission line 3 is embedded inside the ring insulator 5, and a trigger metal ring 4 connected to the angular transmission line 3. In this embodiment, the output terminal of the upper trigger branch capacitor is connected to the angular transmission line 3. Multiple connection points are distributed on the trigger metal ring 4, each connected to a corresponding trigger electrode of the multiple discharge branch switches via an isolation resistor. In other embodiments, the trigger electrodes of the multiple discharge branch switches are connected to the corresponding connection points on the trigger metal ring 4 via an isolation inductor.

[0027] In this embodiment, after the optical trigger switch in trigger branch 1 is turned on by laser pulse 15, it causes trigger branch 1 to discharge and generate an electrical pulse. This electrical pulse passes sequentially through the angular transmission line 3 and the trigger metal ring 4, achieving synchronous triggering of multiple discharge branches 2. Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the high-voltage output terminal of trigger branch 1, i.e., the output terminal of the upper trigger branch capacitor, is connected to the starting point O of the inner layer of the angular transmission line 3. When the optical trigger switch in trigger branch 1 is closed, the electrical pulse output by the output terminal of trigger branch 1 is transmitted from the starting point O along the angular lines OA and OB of the angular transmission line 3, so that the electrical pulse is transmitted to points A and B on the angular transmission line 3 with equal time and equal impedance. Next, the electrical pulse at point A is transmitted from its position along the angular lines AC and AD, with equal time and equal impedance, to points C and D on the angular transmission line 3. The electrical pulse at point B is transmitted from its position along the angular lines BE and BF, with equal time and equal impedance, to points E and F on the angular transmission line 3. ... This cycle repeats, so that the electrical pulse output by trigger branch 1 can be transmitted to all connection points on the trigger metal ring 4, realizing the synchronous triggering of multiple discharge branches 2. In this embodiment, the synchronous triggering of multiple discharge branches 2 enables the multiple discharge branches 2 to discharge synchronously, and the multiple electrical pulses generated after discharge are applied to the same load 7, thereby driving the load 7.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. For those skilled in the art, modifications can be made to the specific technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast linear transformer drive source based on optical triggering, characterized in that: The device includes a drive source cavity (9), on the outside of which are two fiber optic connectors (8). The input end of each fiber optic connector (8) is connected to a transmission fiber, and the input end of the transmission fiber is used to connect to an external laser source device. The drive source cavity (9) is circumferentially provided with a trigger branch (1) and multiple discharge branches (2). The trigger branch (1) includes an optical trigger switch and an upper trigger branch capacitor and a lower trigger branch capacitor connected in series with the optical trigger switch. The output end of the fiber optic connector (8) is connected to the optical trigger switch through the transmission fiber. The optical trigger switch is used to receive the laser pulse transmitted by the transmission fiber. Each of the multiple discharge branches (2) includes a discharge branch switch and an upper discharge branch capacitor and a lower discharge branch capacitor connected in series with the discharge branch switch. The output ends of the multiple upper discharge branch capacitors are used to connect to a load (7). A ring insulator (5) is provided between the upper trigger branch capacitor and the lower trigger branch capacitor, and between the multiple upper discharge branch capacitors and the multiple lower discharge branch capacitors respectively; an angular transmission line (3) is embedded inside the ring insulator (5), and a trigger metal ring (4) connected to the angular transmission line (3); the output end of the upper trigger branch capacitor is connected to the angular transmission line (3), and multiple connection points are distributed on the trigger metal ring (4), which are respectively connected to the multiple discharge branch switches one by one; The optical trigger switch is a four-gap gas switch, which includes two optical guide branches, a ground electrode (13), two floating electrodes (12), two high-voltage electrodes (11) and four equalizing resistors; the floating electrodes (12) and high-voltage electrodes (11) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ground electrode (13); the output ends of the two optical fiber connectors (8) are respectively connected to the two optical guide branches through a transmission optical fiber, and the optical guide branches are used to receive laser pulses transmitted by the transmission optical fiber; One end of each of the two optical guide branches is connected to the ground electrode (13), and the other end is connected to the two floating electrodes (12) respectively; a voltage equalization resistor (17) is connected between the end of the ground electrode (13) away from the optical guide branch and the two floating electrodes (12), and a voltage equalization resistor (17) is connected between the floating electrodes (12) on both sides of the ground electrode (13) and the high voltage electrode (11). The arrival time of the laser pulses output by the two transmission optical fibers is adjusted according to the start time and transmission length of the two transmission optical fibers, thereby controlling the triggering of the FLTD.

2. The optically triggered fast linear transformer drive source according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both optical fiber branches include a series optical fiber switch (14) and a current-limiting resistor (16); the output ends of the two optical fiber connectors (8) are respectively connected to the two optical fiber switches (14) through a transmission optical fiber. The optical fiber switches (14) are used to receive the laser pulses transmitted by the transmission optical fiber.

3. The optically triggered fast linear transformer drive source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple connection points on the trigger metal ring (4) are respectively connected to multiple discharge branch switches one by one through isolation resistors or isolation inductors.

4. The optically triggered fast linear transformer drive source according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The transmission optical fiber is wrapped with insulating material.

5. The optically triggered fast linear transformer drive source according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of each of the optical fiber connectors (8) is vertically fixed to the irradiated surface of the photoconductive switch (14) via a transmission optical fiber.

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