A high gain dual-polarized dipole antenna
By adding a feeding balun and a special feeding structure to a traditional dipole antenna to form a shared radiator, the problems of low bandwidth and low gain are solved, and a high-gain and wide-bandwidth dual-polarized dipole antenna design is realized.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGDONG UNIV OF TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Traditional dipole antennas have narrow bandwidth, low gain, and limited directivity, which restricts their application in modern communication systems.
The high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna design, by adding two feed baluns and a specially designed feed structure, forms four pairs of shared radiators, achieving wide bandwidth and high gain.
It achieves an operating bandwidth of approximately 47% and a gain of 10.5–12 dBi, exhibiting excellent dual-polarized directional radiation performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN122158924A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication antennas, and more specifically to a high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of wireless communication, dipole antennas, especially the most basic half-wave dipole antennas, have been widely and fundamentally applied in many fields due to their simple structure, reliable performance, easy-to-understand radiation patterns, and low manufacturing cost. They are not only the cornerstone of antenna theory and teaching, but also the core radiating element in many practical systems, thus finding widespread use in areas such as broadcast communication, wireless communication systems, and radio frequency identification and sensing.
[0003] However, traditional dipole antennas still have obvious drawbacks, such as relatively narrow bandwidth, low gain, and limited directivity. These defects limit their practical application in modern communication systems and need to be improved and perfected. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna that achieves wide bandwidth, high gain, and good directional radiation performance through a simple structure.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna includes a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a reflector, a first coaxial cable, a second coaxial cable, a first 1-to-2 power divider, a second 1-to-2 power divider, an antenna radiator, and four feed baluns.
[0007] The first dielectric substrate is disposed parallel to the middle of the second dielectric substrate, the reflector is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, and the first and second 1-to-2 power dividers are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate. The antenna radiator is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate and includes four dipole radiating arms, which are distributed in a rotationally symmetrical manner around the center of the first dielectric substrate with a period of 90°. The four feed baluns are disposed between the first and second dielectric substrates, wherein a feed balun is disposed below each pair of adjacent dipole radiating arms in the circumferential direction.
[0008] The four dipole radiating arms are arranged clockwise as the first dipole radiating arm, the second dipole radiating arm, the third dipole radiating arm, and the fourth dipole radiating arm; the four feed baluns are the first feed balun, the second feed balun, the third feed balun, and the fourth feed balun; wherein, the first feed balun is located below the first and second dipole radiating arms, the second feed balun is located below the second and third dipole radiating arms, the third feed balun is located below the third and fourth dipole radiating arms, and the fourth feed balun is located below the fourth dipole radiating arm and the first dipole radiating arm;
[0009] The first coaxial cable is connected to the input terminal of the first 1-to-2 power divider and is used for feeding power in a +45° polarization direction; the two output terminals of the first 1-to-2 power divider feed power to the first feeding balun and the third feeding balun with equal amplitude and in phase; the first feeding balun couples to the first dipole radiating arm and the second dipole radiating arm, so that the first dipole radiating arm and the second dipole radiating arm form a pair of dipole radiators; the third feeding balun couples to the third dipole radiating arm and the fourth dipole radiating arm, so that the third dipole radiating arm and the fourth dipole radiating arm form a pair of dipole radiators;
[0010] The second coaxial cable is connected to the input terminal of the second 1-to-2 power divider and is used for feeding power in a polarization direction of -45°. The two output terminals of the second 1-to-2 power divider feed power to the second and fourth feed baluns with equal amplitude and in phase. The second feed balun couples to the second and third dipole radiating arms, so that the second and third dipole radiating arms form a pair of dipole radiators. The fourth feed balun couples to the first and fourth dipole radiating arms, so that the first and fourth dipole radiating arms form a pair of dipole radiators.
[0011] The above feeding structure enables the four dipole radiating arms to form four pairs of dipole radiators in the form of a shared radiator.
[0012] Furthermore, all four dipole radiating arms are square metal patches.
[0013] Furthermore, both the first and second power dividers are equal-power power dividers.
[0014] Furthermore, a metal wall is also provided on the second dielectric substrate, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface edge of the second dielectric substrate to surround the four feed baluns and the antenna radiators on the first dielectric substrate.
[0015] Furthermore, each power supply balun includes a third dielectric board, a metal ground plane, and a power supply line;
[0016] The upper end of the third dielectric plate is provided with an upwardly protruding first connecting part and a second connecting part, and the lower end of the third dielectric plate is provided with a downwardly protruding third connecting part and a fourth connecting part; the upper end of the third dielectric plate is connected and fixed by passing vertically through the first dielectric plate through the first connecting part and the second connecting part, and the lower end of the third dielectric plate is connected and fixed by passing vertically through the second dielectric plate through the third connecting part and the fourth connecting part; wherein, the connection point between the first connecting part and the first dielectric plate is located in the coverage area of one of the dipole radiating arms above the feed balun, and the connection point between the second connecting part and the first dielectric plate is located in the coverage area of the other dipole radiating arm above the feed balun;
[0017] The metal floor is printed on the back of the third dielectric substrate and includes a first metal floor patch and a second metal floor patch. The first metal floor patch and the second metal floor patch respectively cover the left and right halves of the back of the third dielectric substrate, and are separated by a vertically penetrating gap. The upper end of the first metal floor patch covers the first connecting portion and is electrically connected to one of the dipole radiating arms above the feed balun at the first connecting portion. The lower end of the first metal floor patch covers the third connecting portion and is electrically connected to the reflector at the third connecting portion. The upper end of the second metal floor patch covers the second connecting portion and is electrically connected to the other dipole radiating arm above the feed balun at the second connecting portion. The lower end of the second metal floor patch covers the fourth connecting portion and is electrically connected to the reflector at the fourth connecting portion.
[0018] The feed line is printed on the front side of the third dielectric substrate. The overall shape of the feed line is an inverted J-shape. The lower end of the feed line is connected to the output terminal of the first or second 1-to-2 power divider at the intersection of the third and second dielectric substrates. The upper part of the feed line is cross-coupled with the gap between the first and second metal ground plane patches to couple the feed signal to the metal ground plane, and then transmitted to the two dipole radiating arms above the feed balun through the first and second metal ground plane patches respectively.
[0019] Furthermore, the feeder line comprises five microstrip lines of different thicknesses connected end to end in sequence, namely a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line, a fourth microstrip line, and a fifth microstrip line; the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, and the third microstrip line extend vertically, the fourth microstrip line extends horizontally, and the fifth microstrip line is bent in an L-shape; the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, and the third microstrip line are connected end to end from bottom to top, one end of the fourth microstrip line is connected to the upper end of the third microstrip line, and the other end of the fourth microstrip line is connected to one end of the fifth microstrip line, so that the overall shape of the feeder line is an inverted J-shape;
[0020] The first, second, third, and fourth microstrip lines are disposed on one half of the area covered by one of the metal floor patches, and the fifth microstrip line is disposed on the other half of the area covered by the other metal floor patch. The connection between the fourth and fifth microstrip lines is cross-coupled with the gap between the two metal floor patches. The lower end of the first microstrip line is connected to the output terminal of the first or second 1-to-2 power divider at the intersection of the third and second dielectric plates.
[0021] Furthermore, the third dielectric plates of the four power supply baluns are arranged to form a square prism between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate; the back side of the third dielectric plate of each power supply balun is arranged facing the inside of the square prism, and the front side of the third dielectric plate of each power supply balun is arranged facing the outside of the square prism.
[0022] Furthermore, in the first feed balun, a first metal ground patch is disposed below the first dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the first metal ground patch is electrically connected to the first dipole radiating arm; a second metal ground patch is disposed below the second dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the second metal ground patch is electrically connected to the second dipole radiating arm; the fifth microstrip line of the feed line is disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground patch, and the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line, and the fourth microstrip line are disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground patch;
[0023] In the second feed balun, a first metal ground plate is disposed below the second dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the first metal ground plate is electrically connected to the second dipole radiating arm. A second metal ground plate is disposed below the third dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the second metal ground plate is electrically connected to the third dipole radiating arm. The first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line, and the fourth microstrip line of the feed line are disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground plate, and the fifth microstrip line is disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground plate.
[0024] In the third feed balun, a first metal ground plate is disposed below the third dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the first metal ground plate is electrically connected to the third dipole radiating arm. A second metal ground plate is disposed below the fourth dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the second metal ground plate is electrically connected to the fourth dipole radiating arm. The first, second, third, and fourth microstrip lines of the feed line are disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground plate, and the fifth microstrip line is disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground plate.
[0025] In the fourth feed balun, a first metal ground patch is disposed below the fourth dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the first metal ground patch is electrically connected to the fourth dipole radiating arm. A second metal ground patch is disposed below the first dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the second metal ground patch is electrically connected to the first dipole radiating arm. The fifth microstrip line of the feed line is disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground patch, and the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line, and the fourth microstrip line are disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground patch.
[0026] This invention provides a high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna with an operating bandwidth of approximately 47%, a gain of 10.5-12 dBi, and excellent dual-polarized directional radiation performance. This invention adds two feed baluns to the traditional dipole antenna model and further achieves a shared radiator through a specially designed feed structure. Based on the feed structure and shared radiator design used in this invention, the dual-polarized dipole antenna can achieve wide bandwidth, high gain, and excellent directional radiation performance through a simple and compact structure. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna radiator in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and fourth feed baluns in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second and third feed baluns in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 5 This is an S-parameter diagram obtained through antenna simulation in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 6 This is the radiation pattern obtained when the device is fed at the center frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 7 This is a gain curve diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0035] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna, including a first dielectric substrate 11, a second dielectric substrate 12, a reflector 6, a first coaxial cable 515, a second coaxial cable 2, a first 1-to-2 power divider 41, a second 1-to-2 power divider 42, an antenna radiator 2, and four feed baluns 3.
[0036] The first dielectric substrate 11 is disposed parallel to the middle of the second dielectric substrate 12 above it, and the reflector 6 is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 12; the first 1-to-2 power divider 41 and the second 1-to-2 power divider 42 are both equal power dividers and are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 12; the antenna radiator 2 is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 11 and includes four dipole radiating arms, which are distributed in a rotationally symmetrical manner around the center of the first dielectric substrate 11 with a period of 90°; the four feed baluns 3 are disposed between the first dielectric substrate 11 and the second dielectric substrate 12, wherein a feed balun 3 is disposed below each pair of adjacent dipole radiating arms in the circumferential direction.
[0037] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the four dipole radiating arms are all square metal patches, and the four dipole radiating arms are arranged clockwise as follows: first dipole radiating arm 21, second dipole radiating arm 22, third dipole radiating arm 23, and fourth dipole radiating arm 24; the four feed baluns 3 are respectively the first feed balun, the second feed balun, the third feed balun, and the fourth feed balun; wherein, the first feed balun is located below the first dipole radiating arm 21 and the second dipole radiating arm 22, the second feed balun is located below the second dipole radiating arm 22 and the third dipole radiating arm 23, the third feed balun is located below the third dipole radiating arm 23 and the fourth dipole radiating arm 24, and the fourth feed balun is located below the fourth dipole radiating arm 24 and the first dipole radiating arm 21.
[0038] The first coaxial cable 51 is connected to the input terminal of the first 1-to-2 power divider 41 and is used to feed power in a polarization direction of +45°. The two output terminals of the first 1-to-2 power divider 41 feed power to the first feeding balun and the third feeding balun in equal amplitude and phase. The first feeding balun couples to the first dipole radiating arm 21 and the second dipole radiating arm 22, so that the first dipole radiating arm 21 and the second dipole radiating arm 22 form a pair of dipole radiators. The third feeding balun couples to the third dipole radiating arm 23 and the fourth dipole radiating arm 24, so that the third dipole radiating arm 23 and the fourth dipole radiating arm 24 form a pair of dipole radiators.
[0039] The second coaxial cable 52 is connected to the input terminal 42 of the second 1-to-2 power divider and is used for feeding power in a polarization direction of -45°. The two output terminals of the second 1-to-2 power divider 42 feed power to the second and fourth feeding baluns with equal amplitude and in phase. The second feeding balun couples to the second dipole radiating arm 22 and the third dipole radiating arm 23, so that the second dipole radiating arm 22 and the third dipole radiating arm 23 form a pair of dipole radiators. The fourth feeding balun couples to the first dipole radiating arm 21 and the fourth dipole radiating arm 24, so that the first dipole radiating arm 21 and the fourth dipole radiating arm 24 form a pair of dipole radiators.
[0040] The above feeding structure enables the four dipole radiating arms to form four pairs of dipole radiators in the form of a shared radiator.
[0041] As an improvement, a metal wall 7 is also provided on the second dielectric substrate 12. The metal wall 7 is fixedly connected to the upper surface edge of the second dielectric substrate 12 to surround the four feed baluns 3 and the antenna radiators 2 on the first dielectric substrate 11. The metal wall 7 enables energy to be radiated more concentratedly around the antenna, which helps to further optimize the antenna gain and bandwidth.
[0042] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each power supply balun 3 includes a third dielectric plate 30, a metal ground plate 32, and a power supply line 31.
[0043] Specifically, the upper end of the third dielectric plate 30 is provided with an upwardly protruding first connecting portion 331 and a second connecting portion 332, and the lower end of the third dielectric plate 30 is provided with a downwardly protruding third connecting portion 333 and a fourth connecting portion 334; the upper end of the third dielectric plate 30 is connected and fixed by passing vertically through the first dielectric plate 11 through the first connecting portion 331 and the second connecting portion 332, and the lower end of the third dielectric plate 30 is connected and fixed by passing vertically through the second dielectric plate 12 through the third connecting portion 333 and the fourth connecting portion 334; wherein, the connection point between the first connecting portion 331 and the first dielectric plate 11 is located in the coverage area of one of the dipole radiating arms above the feed balun 3, and the connection point between the second connecting portion 332 and the first dielectric plate 11 is located in the coverage area of the other dipole radiating arm above the feed balun 3;
[0044] The metal floor 32 is printed on the back of the third dielectric plate 30 and includes a first metal floor patch 321 and a second metal floor patch 322. The first metal floor patch 321 and the second metal floor patch 322 respectively cover the left and right halves of the back of the third dielectric plate 30, and are separated by a vertically penetrating gap. The upper end of the first metal floor patch 321 covers the first connecting portion 331 and is electrically connected to one of the dipole radiating arms above the feed balun 3 at the first connecting portion 331. The lower end of the first metal floor patch 321 covers the third connecting portion 333 and is electrically connected to the reflector 6 at the third connecting portion 333. The upper end of the second metal floor patch 322 covers the second connecting portion 332 and is electrically connected to the other dipole radiating arm above the feed balun 3 at the second connecting portion 332. The lower end of the second metal floor patch 322 covers the fourth connecting portion 334 and is electrically connected to the reflector 6 at the fourth connecting portion 334.
[0045] The feed line 31 is printed on the front side of the third dielectric substrate 30. The overall shape of the feed line 31 is inverted J-shape. The lower end of the feed line 31 is connected to the output terminal of the first 1-to-2 power divider 41 or the second 1-to-2 power divider 42 at the intersection of the third dielectric substrate 30 and the second dielectric substrate 12. The upper part of the feed line 31 is cross-coupled with the gap between the first metal ground plate 321 and the second metal ground plate 322 to couple the feed signal to the metal ground plate 32, and then transmitted to the two dipole radiating arms above the feed balun 3 through the first metal ground plate 321 and the second metal ground plate 322 respectively.
[0046] Furthermore, the feed line 31 comprises five microstrip lines of different thicknesses connected end to end in sequence, namely a first microstrip line 311, a second microstrip line 312, a third microstrip line 313, a fourth microstrip line 314, and a fifth microstrip line 315; the first microstrip line 311, the second microstrip line 312, and the third microstrip line 313 extend vertically, the fourth microstrip line 314 extends horizontally, and the fifth microstrip line 315 is bent in an L-shape; the first microstrip line 311, the second microstrip line 312, and the third microstrip line 313 are connected end to end from bottom to top, one end of the fourth microstrip line 314 is connected to the upper end of the third microstrip line 313, and the other end of the fourth microstrip line 314 is connected to one end of the fifth microstrip line 315, so that the overall shape of the feed line 31 is an inverted J-shape;
[0047] The first microstrip line 311, the second microstrip line 312, the third microstrip line 313, and the fourth microstrip line 314 are disposed on one half of the area covered by one of the metal floor patches, and the fifth microstrip line 315 is disposed on the other half of the area covered by the other metal floor patch. The connection between the fourth microstrip line 314 and the fifth microstrip line 315 is cross-coupled with the gap between the two metal floor patches. The lower end of the first microstrip line 311 is connected to the output terminal of the first 1-to-2 power divider 41 or the second 1-to-2 power divider 42 at the intersection of the third dielectric plate 30 and the second dielectric plate 12.
[0048] It should be noted that the four feed baluns in this embodiment of the invention actually have two structures, the only difference being that the shape of the feed wires 31 are horizontally mirror images of each other. Specifically, the first and fourth feed baluns have the same structure, and the second and third feed baluns have the same structure.
[0049] Specifically, in combination Figure 3 As shown, in the first feed balun, a first metal ground patch 321 is disposed below the first dipole radiating arm 21, and the upper end of the first metal ground patch 321 is electrically connected to the first dipole radiating arm 21. A second metal ground patch 322 is disposed below the second dipole radiating arm 22, and the upper end of the second metal ground patch 322 is electrically connected to the second dipole radiating arm 22. The fifth microstrip line 315 of the feed line 31 is disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground patch 321, and the first microstrip line 311, the second microstrip line 312, the third microstrip line 313 and the fourth microstrip line 314 are disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground patch 322.
[0050] Combination Figure 4 As shown, in the second feed balun, a first metal ground patch 321 is disposed below the second dipole radiating arm 22, and the upper end of the first metal ground patch 321 is electrically connected to the second dipole radiating arm 22. A second metal ground patch 322 is disposed below the third dipole radiating arm 23, and the upper end of the second metal ground patch 322 is electrically connected to the third dipole radiating arm 23. The first microstrip line 311, the second microstrip line 312, the third microstrip line 313, and the fourth microstrip line 314 of the feed line 31 are disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground patch 321, and the fifth microstrip line 315 is disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground patch 322.
[0051] Combination Figure 4As shown, in the third feed balun, the first metal ground patch 321 is disposed below the third dipole radiating arm 23, and the upper end of the first metal ground patch 321 is electrically connected to the third dipole radiating arm 23. The second metal ground patch 322 is disposed below the fourth dipole radiating arm 24, and the upper end of the second metal ground patch 322 is electrically connected to the fourth dipole radiating arm 24. The first microstrip line 311, the second microstrip line 312, the third microstrip line 313, and the fourth microstrip line 314 of the feed line 31 are disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground patch 321, and the fifth microstrip line 315 is disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground patch 322.
[0052] Combination Figure 3 As shown, in the fourth feed balun, the first metal ground patch 321 is disposed below the fourth dipole radiating arm 24, and the upper end of the first metal ground patch 321 is electrically connected to the fourth dipole radiating arm 24. The second metal ground patch 322 is disposed below the first dipole radiating arm 21, and the upper end of the second metal ground patch 322 is electrically connected to the first dipole radiating arm 21. The fifth microstrip line 315 of the feed line 31 is disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground patch 321, and the first microstrip line 311, the second microstrip line 312, the third microstrip line 313 and the fourth microstrip line 314 are disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground patch 322.
[0053] In this embodiment of the invention, the third dielectric plates 30 of the four power supply baluns 3 are arranged to form a square column between the first dielectric plate 11 and the second dielectric plate 12; the back side of each power supply balun 3's third dielectric plate 30 is arranged facing the inside of the square column, and the front side of each power supply balun 3's third dielectric plate 30 is arranged facing the outside of the square column.
[0054] Figure 5 The figure shows the S-parameters obtained through antenna simulation in an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, in this embodiment, the frequency band with an antenna reflection coefficient of less than -10 dB at one feed port can cover 1.7-2.79 GHz, and the frequency band with an antenna reflection coefficient of less than -10 dB at the other feed port can cover 1.69-2.86 GHz.
[0055] Figure 6 This is a radiation pattern obtained when the feed frequency is set according to an embodiment of the present invention. The results show that the embodiment of the present invention has good directional characteristics.
[0056] Figure 7This is a gain curve diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the gain of the embodiment of the present invention is above 10.5 dBi throughout the entire effective operating frequency band (1.7 GHz - 2.7 GHz), and the highest gain can reach about 12 dBi, proving that the embodiment of the present invention has stable high gain characteristics.
[0057] In summary, the high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna provided by the embodiments of the present invention has an operating bandwidth of approximately 47%, a gain of 10.5-12 dBi, and good dual-polarized directional radiation performance.
[0058] This invention adds two feed baluns to the traditional dipole antenna model and further realizes a shared radiator through a specially designed feed structure. Based on the feed structure and shared radiator design used in this invention, the dual-polarized dipole antenna can achieve wide bandwidth, high gain, and good directional radiation performance through a simple and compact structure.
[0059] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna, characterized in that, It includes a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a reflector, a first coaxial cable, a second coaxial cable, a first 1-to-2 power divider, a second 1-to-2 power divider, an antenna radiator, and four feed baluns; The first dielectric substrate is arranged parallel to the middle of the second dielectric substrate, the reflector is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, and the first 1-to-2 power divider and the second 1-to-2 power divider are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate. The antenna radiator is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate and includes four dipole radiating arms. The four dipole radiating arms are distributed in a rotationally symmetrical manner around the center of the first dielectric substrate with a period of 90°. The four feed baluns are disposed between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, wherein a feed balun is disposed below each pair of adjacent dipole radiating arms in the circumferential direction. The four dipole radiating arms are arranged clockwise as the first dipole radiating arm, the second dipole radiating arm, the third dipole radiating arm, and the fourth dipole radiating arm; the four feed baluns are the first feed balun, the second feed balun, the third feed balun, and the fourth feed balun; wherein, the first feed balun is located below the first and second dipole radiating arms, the second feed balun is located below the second and third dipole radiating arms, the third feed balun is located below the third and fourth dipole radiating arms, and the fourth feed balun is located below the fourth dipole radiating arm and the first dipole radiating arm; The first coaxial cable is connected to the input terminal of the first 1-to-2 power divider and is used for feeding power in a +45° polarization direction; the two output terminals of the first 1-to-2 power divider feed power to the first feeding balun and the third feeding balun with equal amplitude and in phase; the first feeding balun couples to the first dipole radiating arm and the second dipole radiating arm, so that the first dipole radiating arm and the second dipole radiating arm form a pair of dipole radiators; the third feeding balun couples to the third dipole radiating arm and the fourth dipole radiating arm, so that the third dipole radiating arm and the fourth dipole radiating arm form a pair of dipole radiators; The second coaxial cable is connected to the input terminal of the second 1-to-2 power divider and is used for feeding power in a polarization direction of -45°. The two output terminals of the second 1-to-2 power divider feed power to the second and fourth feed baluns with equal amplitude and in phase. The second feed balun couples to the second and third dipole radiating arms, so that the second and third dipole radiating arms form a pair of dipole radiators. The fourth feed balun couples to the first and fourth dipole radiating arms, so that the first and fourth dipole radiating arms form a pair of dipole radiators. The above feeding structure enables the four dipole radiating arms to form four pairs of dipole radiators in the form of a shared radiator.
2. The high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, All four dipole radiating arms are square metal patches.
3. The high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second power dividers are equal-power power dividers.
4. The high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, A metal wall is also provided on the second dielectric substrate. The metal wall is fixedly connected to the upper surface edge of the second dielectric substrate to surround the four feed baluns and the antenna radiators on the first dielectric substrate.
5. The high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each power supply balun consists of a third dielectric board, a metal ground plane, and a power supply line; The upper end of the third dielectric plate is provided with an upwardly protruding first connecting part and a second connecting part, and the lower end of the third dielectric plate is provided with a downwardly protruding third connecting part and a fourth connecting part; the upper end of the third dielectric plate is connected and fixed by passing vertically through the first dielectric plate through the first connecting part and the second connecting part, and the lower end of the third dielectric plate is connected and fixed by passing vertically through the second dielectric plate through the third connecting part and the fourth connecting part; wherein, the connection point between the first connecting part and the first dielectric plate is located in the coverage area of one of the dipole radiating arms above the feed balun, and the connection point between the second connecting part and the first dielectric plate is located in the coverage area of the other dipole radiating arm above the feed balun; The metal floor is printed on the back of the third dielectric substrate and includes a first metal floor patch and a second metal floor patch. The first metal floor patch and the second metal floor patch respectively cover the left and right halves of the back of the third dielectric substrate, and are separated by a vertically penetrating gap. The upper end of the first metal floor patch covers the first connecting portion and is electrically connected to one of the dipole radiating arms above the feed balun at the first connecting portion. The lower end of the first metal floor patch covers the third connecting portion and is electrically connected to the reflector at the third connecting portion. The upper end of the second metal floor patch covers the second connecting portion and is electrically connected to the other dipole radiating arm above the feed balun at the second connecting portion. The lower end of the second metal floor patch covers the fourth connecting portion and is electrically connected to the reflector at the fourth connecting portion. The feed line is printed on the front side of the third dielectric substrate. The overall shape of the feed line is an inverted J-shape. The lower end of the feed line is connected to the output terminal of the first or second 1-to-2 power divider at the intersection of the third and second dielectric substrates. The upper part of the feed line is cross-coupled with the gap between the first and second metal ground plane patches to couple the feed signal to the metal ground plane, and then transmitted to the two dipole radiating arms above the feed balun through the first and second metal ground plane patches respectively.
6. The high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The feeder line includes five microstrip lines of different thicknesses connected end to end in sequence, namely the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line, the fourth microstrip line, and the fifth microstrip line; the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, and the third microstrip line extend in the vertical direction, the fourth microstrip line extends in the horizontal direction, and the fifth microstrip line is bent in an L-shape; The first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, and the third microstrip line are connected end to end from bottom to top. One end of the fourth microstrip line is connected to the upper end of the third microstrip line, and the other end of the fourth microstrip line is connected to one end of the fifth microstrip line, so that the overall shape of the feed line is an inverted J-shape. The first, second, third, and fourth microstrip lines are disposed on one half of the area covered by one of the metal floor patches, and the fifth microstrip line is disposed on the other half of the area covered by the other metal floor patch. The connection between the fourth and fifth microstrip lines is cross-coupled with the gap between the two metal floor patches. The lower end of the first microstrip line is connected to the output terminal of the first or second 1-to-2 power divider at the intersection of the third and second dielectric plates.
7. The high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third dielectric plates of the four power supply baluns are arranged to form a square column between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate; the back of the third dielectric plate of each power supply balun is arranged facing the inside of the square column, and the front of the third dielectric plate of each power supply balun is arranged facing the outside of the square column.
8. The high-gain dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the first feed balun, a first metal ground plate is disposed below the first dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the first metal ground plate is electrically connected to the first dipole radiating arm. A second metal ground plate is disposed below the second dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the second metal ground plate is electrically connected to the second dipole radiating arm. The fifth microstrip line of the feed line is disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground plate, and the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line, and the fourth microstrip line are disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground plate. In the second feed balun, a first metal ground plate is disposed below the second dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the first metal ground plate is electrically connected to the second dipole radiating arm. A second metal ground plate is disposed below the third dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the second metal ground plate is electrically connected to the third dipole radiating arm. The first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line, and the fourth microstrip line of the feed line are disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground plate, and the fifth microstrip line is disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground plate. In the third feed balun, a first metal ground plate is disposed below the third dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the first metal ground plate is electrically connected to the third dipole radiating arm. A second metal ground plate is disposed below the fourth dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the second metal ground plate is electrically connected to the fourth dipole radiating arm. The first, second, third, and fourth microstrip lines of the feed line are disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground plate, and the fifth microstrip line is disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground plate. In the fourth feed balun, a first metal ground patch is disposed below the fourth dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the first metal ground patch is electrically connected to the fourth dipole radiating arm. A second metal ground patch is disposed below the first dipole radiating arm, and the upper end of the second metal ground patch is electrically connected to the first dipole radiating arm. The fifth microstrip line of the feed line is disposed in the coverage area of the first metal ground patch, and the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line, and the fourth microstrip line are disposed in the coverage area of the second metal ground patch.