High impedance piston motion loudspeaker

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-resistivity piston-type loudspeaker, belonging to the field of acoustic-to-electric conversion. The invention includes a base 010, a driving component 020, a diaphragm 030, a connecting component 040, and a vibrating cavity 050. The connecting component 040 is not coplanar with the diaphragm 030, i.e., it is a concealed connection structure. The driving component 020 drives the diaphragm 030 to produce a piston-like movement. The diaphragm 030 is located inside the cavity 050, and the displacement range of the diaphragm 030 in the vertical direction is within the cavity height range formed by the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base, thereby reducing air leakage and increasing the sound pressure level during loudspeaker operation. Based on the piston-type loudspeaker with a concealed connection structure, further optimization of the loudspeaker's diaphragm structure and support structure controls air leakage during loudspeaker operation, further increasing the acoustic impedance of the front and rear cavities and the loudspeaker's output sound pressure level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to acoustic devices in the field of acoustic-to-electric conversion, and relates to the structural design of a high-resistivity piston loudspeaker, which can be applied to consumer electronics or medical electronics. Background Technology

[0002] The core performance indicator of a loudspeaker is its sound pressure level (SPL) at a specific location. Since the SPL is proportional to the square of the frequency and the first power of the diaphragm displacement, the SPL is typically low at low frequencies (20Hz–1kHz). Under conditions where device dimensions are in the millimeter or even micrometer range, it's difficult to achieve an SPL higher than 80dB at 10mm in a free-field test environment. For example, to achieve an SPL target of 80dB at 1kHz and 10mm, a conventional fully enclosed fixed-diaphragm loudspeaker (with a 3mm diameter circular diaphragm) would need a diaphragm displacement of 40µm. This is extremely difficult for a fully enclosed fixed-diaphragm loudspeaker, thus necessitating the use of loudspeakers with an open-type piston motion mode based on a drive structure.

[0003] Compared to conventional, fully enclosed, fixed-diaphragm loudspeakers, loudspeakers based on an open-piston motion mode driven by a different drive structure experience a significant reduction in boundary conditions that constrain the diaphragm's vibration. Furthermore, the diaphragm's movement is dependent on the drive structure, whose range of motion is far greater than that of a conventional, fully enclosed, fixed-diaphragm loudspeaker. Therefore, loudspeakers based on an open-piston motion mode driven by a different drive structure can achieve greater diaphragm displacement. Simultaneously, the mechatronic energy conversion coefficient corresponding to the piston vibration mode of a loudspeaker based on an open-piston motion mode driven by a different drive structure is three times that of the diaphragm vibration mode of a conventional, fully enclosed, fixed-diaphragm loudspeaker. This allows for a higher sound pressure level output under the same size and excitation conditions. Therefore, loudspeakers based on an open-piston motion mode driven by a different drive structure have a greater advantage in diaphragm displacement.

[0004] However, loudspeakers based on an open piston motion mode driven by a specific drive structure suffer from acoustic short-circuiting between the front and rear cavities. When the diaphragm vibrates, the front and rear cavities simultaneously generate audio signals with opposite phases. If there is a large air gap between the front and rear cavities, the audio signals from both cavities will overlap and weaken the audio signal generated by the loudspeaker. This corresponds to the acoustic impedance of the air gap between the front and rear cavities. Without affecting the vibration of the air spring in the rear cavity, the smaller the air gap, the greater the acoustic impedance between the front and rear cavities, and the greater the conversion coefficient between the energy generated by the diaphragm's mechanical motion and the energy radiated into the air by the front cavity, thus enabling the generation of a larger SPL (Sound Power Proportion).

[0005] Taking a square diaphragm with a side length of 3mm as an example, assuming that the length of the air gap formed between the diaphragm edge and the sidewall structure is 20µm at room temperature, since acoustic impedance is proportional to the first power of the air viscosity coefficient and the first power of the air gap length, and inversely proportional to the square of the air gap cross-sectional area, the acoustic impedance decreases rapidly as the distance between the diaphragm edge and the sidewall structure increases, and this leads to a rapid decrease in SPL at 10mm. (Refer to...) Figure 2 (a), Figure 2 (b); Simultaneously, if the distance between the diaphragm edge and the sidewall structure is fixed at 2µm, as the length of the air gap formed by the diaphragm edge and the sidewall structure increases, the acoustic impedance will also increase, leading to an increase in SPL at 10mm. (Refer to...) Figure 3 (a), Figure 3 (b)

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved piston loudspeaker that can both produce large displacement of the diaphragm and provide a sufficiently large acoustic impedance between the front and rear cavities, thereby improving the loudspeaker's output sound pressure level. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Unlike traditional piston loudspeakers with a coplanar connection structure, this invention discloses a high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker employing a concealed connection structure that is not coplanar with the diaphragm. The vertical displacement of the diaphragm is within the cavity height range formed by the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base. While maintaining the large displacement advantage of piston loudspeakers, the concealed connection structure significantly alleviates the problem of severe air leakage caused by structural design and manufacturing limitations, increasing the acoustic impedance of the front and rear cavities of the piston-motion loudspeaker during operation, thereby effectively improving the output sound pressure level. Furthermore, by optimizing the design of the diaphragm structure, support structure, and other components of the piston loudspeaker with the aforementioned concealed connection structure, the length and cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap between the front and rear cavities and the opening of the base can be adjusted to further improve the acoustic impedance and output sound pressure level.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] This invention discloses a high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker, comprising a base, a vibrating cavity, a driving assembly, a connecting assembly, and a diaphragm. The base includes a pedestal and a support structure extending along the thickness direction of the pedestal, the support structure surrounding the pedestal to form the vibrating cavity. The connecting assembly is not coplanar with the diaphragm, i.e., it is a concealed connection structure. The driving assembly and the connecting assembly may be of the same or different structures, used to drive the diaphragm to produce piston-like motion, and consists of one or more driving units. The diaphragm is located inside the cavity, and is not coplanar with the connecting assembly. The diaphragm is located above or below the connecting assembly, achieving a concealed connection structure. The vertical displacement range of the diaphragm is within the height range of the cavity formed by the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the pedestal, thereby reducing air leakage and increasing the sound pressure level during loudspeaker operation.

[0010] Based on a piston-type loudspeaker with a concealed connection structure, the design of components such as the diaphragm and support structure of the loudspeaker is further optimized. Specifically, the shape, size, and number of openings in the base parallel to the diaphragm are optimized; the distance between the diaphragm and the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base in the direction parallel to the diaphragm is minimized; the overlap distance between the diaphragm and the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm is maximized; and the shape of the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base is optimized. This controls air leakage during loudspeaker operation and further increases the acoustic impedance of the front and rear cavities and the loudspeaker's output sound pressure level.

[0011] As a preferred option, an optimized structure that further controls air leakage by adjusting the diaphragm structure and support structure is one in which the spacing between the diaphragm and the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base in the direction parallel to the diaphragm is as small as possible, the overlap distance between the diaphragm and the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm is as large as possible, and the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base is continuous in the thickness direction and perpendicular to the diaphragm, thereby controlling the air leakage problem and meeting the requirements of manufacturing flexibility.

[0012] As a preferred option, an optimized structure that further controls air leakage by adjusting the diaphragm structure and support structure is characterized by having the spacing between the diaphragm and the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base in the direction parallel to the diaphragm as small as possible, the overlap distance between the diaphragm and the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm as large as possible, and the support structure extending along the thickness direction of the base being discontinuous and segmented perpendicular to the diaphragm in the thickness direction. This controls air leakage, allows for the fabrication of large-area films, and meets the requirements for manufacturing flexibility.

[0013] As a preference, an optimized structure for further controlling the air leakage problem by adjusting the diaphragm structure and the support structure is that the distance between the diaphragm and the support structure extending in the thickness direction of the base in the direction parallel to the diaphragm is as small as possible, and the overlapping distance between the diaphragm and the support structure extending in the thickness direction of the base in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm is as large as possible. The support structure extending in the thickness direction of the base is not perpendicular to the diaphragm, and forms an obtuse angle or an acute angle with the diaphragm, so as to control the air leakage problem and prepare a thin film, and meet the requirements of manufacturing flexibility.

[0014] As a preference, an optimized structure for further controlling the air leakage problem by adjusting the diaphragm structure and the support structure is that the distance between the diaphragm and the support structure extending in the thickness direction of the base in the direction parallel to the diaphragm is as small as possible, and the overlapping distance between the diaphragm and the support structure extending in the thickness direction of the base in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm is as large as possible. Adjust the opening shape, size and quantity of the base in the direction parallel to the diaphragm, so as to control the air leakage problem and prepare a thin film, and meet the requirements of manufacturing flexibility.

[0015] For process compatibility and flexible design, as a further improvement, the driving structure is a driving structure realized based on the electromagnetic driving principle, the piezoelectric driving principle or the electrothermal driving principle, and the driving unit is a driving arm or an electromagnetic coil.

[0016] To enhance the force of the driving component and facilitate the design of the driving component, as a further improvement, each group of units of the driving arm component includes a single driving arm structure, a double driving arm side-by-side structure or a triple driving arm side-by-side structure.

[0017] To ensure that the thin film can vibrate smoothly, as a further improvement, the driving component includes one group, two groups, four groups or multiple groups of the driving arm structure units.

[0018] To enhance the robustness of the driving component and adjust the resonance frequency and stress distribution of the driving component, as a further improvement, each driving arm structure unit of the driving component is L-shaped, S-shaped, spiral-shaped or serpentine-shaped.

[0019] For flexible design and increasing the symmetry of the thin film, as a further improvement, the top view of the diaphragm is rectangular, circular or other regular shapes, such as a regular pentagon, a regular hexagon. The shape of the diaphragm matches the shape of the projection of the cavity on the horizontal plane.

[0020] To increase the acoustic resistance of the front and rear cavities, as a further improvement, the cross-section view of the diaphragm is rectangular, "冖"-shaped, or inverted "冖"-shaped.

[0021] In order to further increase the acoustic resistance of the front and rear cavities and be compatible with the manufacturing process, as a further improvement, the cross-sectional view of the support structure is rectangular, trapezoidal, isosceles trapezoidal, inverted isosceles trapezoidal, "convex" shaped, or inverted "convex" shaped.

[0022] In order to reduce the device size and miniaturize the speaker, as a further improvement, it is a MEMS loud acoustic resistance piston motion speaker.

[0023] The working method of the loud acoustic resistance piston motion speaker disclosed in the present invention is as follows: under the excitation of an externally applied electrical signal, the driving component is stressed and undergoes mechanical deformation, and drives the diaphragm to perform a piston-like motion perpendicular to the diaphragm direction. The diaphragm performing a piston-like motion in the vertical direction drives the air movement inside the vibration cavity, thereby generating an acoustic wave signal. The diaphragm and the connection component are not coplanar, and the displacement range of the diaphragm in the vertical direction is within the height range of the cavity formed by the support structure extending in the thickness direction of the base. In addition, components such as the diaphragm and the support structure of the speaker are further optimized, so that air leakage introduced by the gap can be effectively controlled, the acoustic resistance of the front and rear cavities can be increased, thereby reducing the sound pressure level loss and improving the sound pressure level output by the speaker.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The loud acoustic resistance piston motion speaker disclosed in the present invention has a hidden connection structure, which can increase the acoustic resistance between the front and rear cavities during the operation of the piston speaker and improve the sound pressure level output by the speaker. It is applicable to the design and manufacture of traditional speakers and is also applicable to the design and manufacture process of MEMS speakers.

[0026] 2. Compared with the piston speaker structure in which the connection component and the diaphragm are in the same plane and a large air gap for the front and rear cavities to penetrate will be formed during the piston motion, in the loud acoustic resistance piston motion speaker disclosed in the present invention, since the diaphragm and the connection component are not coplanar and the displacement range of the diaphragm is within the height range of the vibration cavity, the cross-sectional area of the air gap between the front and rear cavities during the process of the diaphragm performing a piston-like motion in the vertical direction is reduced, alleviating air leakage. In addition, based on the principle of increasing the length of the air gap between the front and rear cavities and reducing the cross-sectional area of the air gap between the front and rear cavities, the diaphragm and the support structure in the piston motion speaker with a hidden connection structure are optimized to jointly achieve the goal of increasing the acoustic resistance of the front and rear cavities and improving the sound pressure level of the sound output, and four specific structures that meet the structural optimization principle and achieve the optimization technical effect are specifically given.

[0027] 3. Compared with the speaker with a diaphragm supported by the edge, in the loud acoustic resistance piston motion speaker disclosed in the present invention, since the diaphragm is connected to the support structure through the connection component, the displacement amount that the diaphragm can reach during the vibration process is not limited by the support structure compared with the edge-fixed diaphragm, improving the vibration amplitude of the diaphragm and thus improving the sound pressure level output by the speaker.

[0028] 4. The high-impedance piston-motion loudspeaker disclosed in this invention significantly enriches the design and manufacturing freedom of piston-motion loudspeakers. These advantages, when applied to the design and manufacture of piston loudspeakers, can increase the acoustic impedance of the front and rear chambers and the output sound pressure level. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a conceptual diagram of a high impedance piston-moving loudspeaker provided by the present invention, namely, a structural schematic diagram of a cross-section of a high impedance piston-moving loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 5;

[0030] Wherein: 001—High impedance piston motion loudspeaker, 010—Base, 020—Driver assembly, 030—Diaphragm, 040—Connecting assembly, 050—Cavity.

[0031] Figure 2 (a) Figure 2 (b) is a graph showing the changes in acoustic impedance and output sound pressure level with the distance between the diaphragm edge and the sidewall;

[0032] Figure 3 (a) Figure 3 (b) is a graph showing the changes in acoustic impedance and output sound pressure level with length along the thickness of the diaphragm edge and sidewalls;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a high impedance piston-movement loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cross-section of a high impedance piston-moving loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Wherein: 100—high impedance piston-type loudspeaker, 110—base, 120—drive assembly, 130—diaphragm, 140—connection assembly, 150—cavity.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a high impedance piston-movement loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cross-section of a high impedance piston-moving loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Wherein: 200—high impedance piston motion loudspeaker, 210—base, 220—drive assembly, 230—diaphragm, 240—connection assembly, 250—cavity.

[0039] Figure 8This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a high impedance piston-type loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cross-section of a high impedance piston-moving loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0041] Wherein: 300—high impedance piston motion loudspeaker, 310—base, 320—drive assembly, 330—diaphragm, 340—connection assembly, 350—cavity.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a high impedance piston-type loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cross-section of a high impedance piston-moving loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0044] Wherein: 400—high impedance piston motion loudspeaker, 410—base, 420—drive assembly, 430—diaphragm, 440—connection assembly, 450—cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To better illustrate the purpose and advantages of the present invention, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0046] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] Please see Figure 4 According to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, a high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker 100 is provided, including a base 110, a drive assembly 120, a diaphragm 130, a connecting assembly 140, and a cavity 150. The diaphragm 130 is circular, and the cavity 150 has a circular cross-section, matching the shape of the diaphragm 130. The drive assembly 120 has a helical structure and is embedded inside the diaphragm 130. The base 110 includes a base 111 and a support structure 112 extending along the thickness direction. The connecting assembly 140 includes four sets of helical spring structures for connecting the support structure 112 and the diaphragm 130. The support structure 112 surrounds and forms the cavity 150.

[0049] Please refer to the cross-sectional diagram. Figure 5Based on the structural design principle of minimizing the spacing between the diaphragm and the supporting structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm, the high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention has a non-coplanar connection component 140 and a diaphragm 130. The projection areas of the connection component 140 and the diaphragm 130 on the horizontal plane overlap, forming a concealed driving structure. The width of the gap between the diaphragm 130 and the supporting structure 112 in the horizontal direction is smaller than the width of the connection component 140, effectively reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap between the front and rear cavities. During loudspeaker operation, the displacement range of the diaphragm 130 is within the height range of the cavity 150, ensuring that the cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap between the front and rear cavities remains small throughout the entire operation, thereby increasing the acoustic impedance of the front and rear cavities.

[0050] Please refer to the cross-sectional diagram. Figure 5 Based on the structural design principle of adjusting the shape, size, and number of openings in the base parallel to the diaphragm, the high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention has a through hole at the center of the base 111, and the remaining part of the base is provided with a blocking structure to reduce air leakage between the front and rear cavities, thereby increasing the acoustic impedance of the front and rear cavities.

[0051] Taking electromagnetic drive as an example, this embodiment of the invention also provides a method S100 for manufacturing a high-resistance piston-motion electromagnetic loudspeaker 100, comprising:

[0052] Step S101: Fabricate a substrate containing a through hole and a support structure to form a cavity in which the thin film moves like a piston in the vertical direction, and embed a ring magnet in the support structure.

[0053] Step S102: Fabricate a cylindrical thin-film structure containing a metal coil, i.e., a drive component;

[0054] In step S103, the thin film structure is connected to the support structure by a connecting component, namely a spiral metal coil, to form an electromagnetic speaker with a hidden connection structure.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] Please see Figure 6According to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, a high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker 200 is provided, including a base 210, a drive assembly 220, a diaphragm 230, a connecting assembly 240, and a cavity 250. The diaphragm 230 is circular, and the cavity 250 has a circular cross-section, matching the shape of the diaphragm 230. The drive assembly 220 has a helical structure and is embedded inside the diaphragm 230. The base 210 includes a base 211 and a support structure 212 extending along the thickness direction. The connecting assembly 240 includes four sets of helical spring structures for connecting the support structure 212 and the diaphragm 230. The support structure 212 surrounds and forms the cavity 250.

[0057] Please refer to the cross-sectional diagram. Figure 7 Based on the structural design principle of minimizing the spacing between the diaphragm and the supporting structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm, the high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker 200 provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention has a non-coplanar connection component 240 and diaphragm 230. The projection areas of the connection component 240 and the diaphragm 230 on the horizontal plane overlap, forming a concealed driving structure. The width of the gap between the diaphragm 230 and the supporting structure 212 in the horizontal direction is smaller than the width of the connection component 240, effectively reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap between the front and rear cavities. During loudspeaker operation, the displacement range of the diaphragm 230 is within the height range of the cavity 250, ensuring that the cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap between the front and rear cavities remains small throughout the entire operation, thereby increasing the acoustic impedance of the front and rear cavities.

[0058] Please refer to the cross-sectional diagram. Figure 7 Based on the structural design principles of minimizing the spacing between the diaphragm and the supporting structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm, and ensuring that the supporting structure is discontinuous in the thickness direction and segmented perpendicular to the diaphragm, the high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker 200 provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention has a supporting structure 212 with an inverted "U" shape in cross-section. To meet process requirements, the upper dimension of the cavity 250 is relatively large. After the device is released, in the working state, the displacement range of the diaphragm 230 is within the range of the smaller lower dimension of the cavity 250, which to some extent solves the problem of a large spacing between the diaphragm and the supporting structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm caused by process limitations, ensuring that the cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap between the front and rear cavities is maintained at a small value, thereby increasing the acoustic impedance of the front and rear cavities.

[0059] Example 3:

[0060] Please see Figure 8According to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, a high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker 300 is provided, including a base 310, a drive assembly 320, a diaphragm 330, a connecting assembly 340, and a cavity 350. The diaphragm 330 is circular, and the cavity 350 has a circular cross-section, matching the shape of the diaphragm 330. The drive assembly 320 has a helical structure and is embedded inside the diaphragm 330. The base 310 includes a base 311 and a support structure 312 extending along the thickness direction. The connecting assembly 340 includes four sets of helical spring structures for connecting the support structure 312 and the diaphragm 330. The support structure 312 surrounds and forms the cavity 350.

[0061] Please refer to the cross-sectional diagram. Figure 9 Based on the structural design principle of minimizing the spacing between the diaphragm and the supporting structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm, the high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker 300 provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention has a non-coplanar connection component 340 and diaphragm 330. The projection areas of the connection component 340 and the diaphragm 330 on the horizontal plane overlap, forming a concealed driving structure. The width of the gap between the diaphragm 330 and the supporting structure 312 in the horizontal direction is smaller than the width of the connection component 340, effectively reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap between the front and rear cavities. During loudspeaker operation, the displacement range of the diaphragm 330 is within the height range of the cavity 350, ensuring that the cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap between the front and rear cavities remains small throughout the entire operation, thereby increasing the acoustic impedance of the front and rear cavities.

[0062] Please refer to the cross-sectional diagram. Figure 9 Based on the structural design principles of minimizing the spacing between the diaphragm and the supporting structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm, and ensuring the supporting structure is continuous in the thickness direction but not perpendicular to the diaphragm, forming a certain tilt angle with the diaphragm, the high-resistivity piston-motion loudspeaker 300 provided in Embodiment 3 of this invention has a supporting structure 312 with a cross-sectional view of an inverted isosceles trapezoid. To meet process requirements, the size of the cavity 350 gradually increases from the base 311 to the diaphragm 230. Compared to a loudspeaker structure where the cavity sidewalls are perpendicular to the diaphragm, when the diaphragm 230 moves to a position close to the base 311 during operation, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap between the front and rear cavities is significantly reduced. This to some extent solves the problem of a large spacing between the diaphragm and the supporting structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm due to process limitations, thereby increasing the acoustic impedance of the front and rear cavities.

[0063] Example 4:

[0064] Please see Figure 10, according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, a high acoustic resistance piston motion loudspeaker 400 is provided, which includes a base 410, a driving component 420, a diaphragm 430, a connecting component 440, and a cavity 450. Among them, the diaphragm 430 is circular, and the cross-section of the cavity 450 is circular, matching the shape of the diaphragm 430. The driving component 420 is a spiral structure and is embedded inside the diaphragm 430. The base 410 includes a base 411 and a support structure 412 extending in the thickness direction. The connecting component 440 includes four sets of spiral spring structures for connecting the support structure 412 and the diaphragm 430. The support structure 412 surrounds to form the cavity 450.

[0065] Please refer to the cross-sectional schematic diagram Figure 11 , based on the structural design principle that the distance between the diaphragm and the support structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm is as small as possible. For the high acoustic resistance piston motion loudspeaker 400 provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention, the connecting component 440 and the diaphragm 430 are not coplanar. There is an overlapping part in the projection area of the connecting component 440 and the diaphragm 430 on the horizontal plane, which is a hidden driving structure. The gap width between the diaphragm 430 and the support structure 412 in the horizontal direction is less than the width of the connecting component 440, effectively reducing the cross-sectional area of the air gap between the front and rear cavities. In the working state of the loudspeaker, the displacement range of the diaphragm 430 is within the height range of the cavity 450, ensuring that the cross-sectional area of the air gap between the front and rear cavities remains small during the whole working process, achieving the purpose of increasing the acoustic resistance between the front and rear cavities.

[0066] Please refer to the cross-sectional schematic diagram Figure 11 , based on the structural design principle that the overlapping distance between the diaphragm and the support structure in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm is as large as possible. For the high acoustic resistance piston motion loudspeaker 400 provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention, the cross-sectional view of the diaphragm 430 is in the shape of "冖". Compared with the diaphragm structure with a rectangular cross-sectional view, on the basis of controlling the mass of the diaphragm, the overlapping area between the diaphragm 430 and the support structure 412 in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 430 is increased, effectively increasing the length of the air gap between the front and rear cavities, achieving the purpose of increasing the acoustic resistance between the front and rear cavities.

[0067] Embodiment 5:

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1 , according to Embodiment Figure 1 of the present invention, a high acoustic resistance piston motion loudspeaker 001 is provided, which includes a base 010, a driving component 020, a diaphragm 030, a connecting component 040, and a cavity 050. Among them, the diaphragm 030 is circular, and the cross-section of the cavity 050 is circular, matching the shape of the diaphragm 030. The driving component 020 is a spiral structure and is embedded inside the diaphragm 030.

[0069] Please refer to the cross-sectional schematic diagram Figure 1, based on the structural design principle that the distance between the diaphragm and the support structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm is as small as possible. For the large acoustic resistance piston motion type loudspeaker 001 provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the connection component 040 and the diaphragm 030 are not coplanar. There is an overlapping part in the projection area of the connection component 040 and the diaphragm 030 on the horizontal plane, which is a hidden drive structure. The gap width between the diaphragm 030 and the support structure in the horizontal direction is smaller than the width of the connection component 040, effectively reducing the cross-sectional area of the air gap between the front and rear cavities. When the loudspeaker is in the working state, the displacement range of the diaphragm 030 is within the height range of the cavity 050, ensuring that the cross-sectional area of the air gap between the front and rear cavities remains small throughout the working process, achieving the purpose of increasing the acoustic resistance between the front and rear cavities.

[0070] Please refer to the cross-sectional schematic diagram Figure 1 , the same as in Embodiment 1, based on the structural design principle of adjusting the opening shape, size, and quantity of the base in the direction parallel to the diaphragm. For the large acoustic resistance piston motion type loudspeaker 001 provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention, a through hole is provided at the center position of the base, and a blocking structure is provided for the remaining part of the base to reduce the air leakage between the front and rear cavities, achieving the purpose of increasing the acoustic resistance between the front and rear cavities.

[0071] Please refer to the cross-sectional schematic diagram Figure 1 , the same as in Embodiment 3, based on the structural design principle that the distance between the diaphragm and the support structure in the direction parallel to the diaphragm is as small as possible, the support structure is continuous in the thickness direction but not perpendicular to the diaphragm, and forms a certain inclination angle with the diaphragm. For the large acoustic resistance piston motion type loudspeaker 001 provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional view of the support structure is an inverted isosceles trapezoid.

[0072] Please refer to the cross-sectional schematic diagram Figure 1 , the same as in Embodiment 4, based on the structural design principle that the overlapping distance between the diaphragm and the support structure in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm is as large as possible. For the large acoustic resistance piston motion type loudspeaker 001 provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional view of the diaphragm 030 is in the shape of "冖". Compared with the diaphragm structure with a rectangular cross-sectional view, on the basis of controlling the mass of the diaphragm, the overlapping area between the diaphragm 030 and the support structure in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 030 is increased, effectively increasing the length of the air gap between the front and rear cavities, achieving the purpose of increasing the acoustic resistance between the front and rear cavities.

[0073] The above specific description further details the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the invention. It should be understood that the above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loud resistance piston motion speaker, comprising a base, a vibration cavity, a driving component, a connecting component, and a diaphragm; the base includes a base seat and a support structure extending in the thickness direction of the base seat, and the four sides of the support structure enclose to form a vibration cavity; the connecting component connects the support structure and the diaphragm, and the connecting component and the diaphragm are not coplanar, the gap width between the diaphragm and the support structure in the horizontal direction is less than the width of the connecting component, and the diaphragm is below the connecting component; the driving component is used to drive the diaphragm to generate piston motion, and is composed of one or more than one group of driving units, and the driving component is embedded in the diaphragm; the diaphragm is located inside the cavity, and the vibration cavities above and below the diaphragm are贯通; the displacement range of the diaphragm in the vertical direction is within the height range of the cavity formed by the support structure extending in the thickness direction of the base seat.

2. The high impedance piston-type loudspeaker as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral edge of the diaphragm extends to the side of the support structure, so that the diaphragm and the connecting component form partial shielding in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm; there is an air gap between the diaphragm and the support structure, and by adjusting the shape, size and quantity of the openings of the base seat in the direction parallel to the diaphragm, air leakage is controlled and the acoustic resistance of the front and rear cavities is increased.

3. The high impedance piston-type loudspeaker as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The support structure is a wall surface continuously extending in the thickness direction, and the wall surface is perpendicular to the diaphragm.

4. The high impedance piston-movement loudspeaker as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The support structure is a discontinuous segmented structure in the thickness direction, and each segment is perpendicular to the diaphragm.

5. The high impedance piston-type loudspeaker as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The support structure is a wall surface extending obliquely, and the wall surface forms an obtuse or acute angle with the plane where the diaphragm is located.

6. The high impedance piston-movement loudspeaker as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The projection of the opening in the direction parallel to the diaphragm is circular.

7. The high impedance piston-movement loudspeaker as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top view of the diaphragm is rectangular, circular or other regular shapes; the shape of the diaphragm matches the shape of the projection of the cavity on the horizontal plane; the cross-section of the diaphragm is rectangular, "冖"-shaped, inverted "冖"-shaped; the cross-section of the support structure is rectangular, trapezoidal, "凸"-shaped, inverted "凸"-shaped.

8. The high impedance piston-movement loudspeaker as described in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that: Under the excitation of an externally applied electrical signal, the driving component is stressed and undergoes mechanical deformation, and drives the diaphragm to perform piston motion in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm; the diaphragm performing piston motion in the vertical direction drives the air inside the vibration cavity to move, thereby generating an acoustic wave signal; the diaphragm and the connecting component are not coplanar, and the displacement range of the diaphragm in the vertical direction is within the height range of the cavity formed by the support structure extending in the thickness direction of the base seat.

9. The high impedance piston-movement loudspeaker as described in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that: The loud resistance piston motion speaker is a MEMS loud resistance piston motion speaker.

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