Tool head for a 3D printer and 3D printer

Abstract

A tool head for a 3D printer and a 3D printer are provided, wherein the tool head includes: a mounting plate, an actuator assembly, a bump, an extruder head assembly, and a cutter assembly. The actuator assembly is configured to drive the bump to move along a first straight line between a first working position and a second working position, wherein in the first working position, a first end face of the bump abuts against one end of the extruder head assembly to position the extruder head assembly in a first extended position away from the actuator along the first straight line; and in the second working position, a second end face of the bump abuts directly or indirectly against one end of the cutter to position the cutter in a second extended position along a second straight line to cut molding material fed into the extruder head assembly.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and in particular to a tool head for a 3D printer and a 3D printer. BACKGROUND

[0002] A 3D printer, also known as a three-dimensional printer or a stereolithography printer, is a rapid prototyping device that is usually used to print materials by digital technology. A 3D printer is often used to manufacture models or parts in the fields of mold manufacturing and industrial design. In recent years, 3D printing technology has a high application prospect in the fields of jewelry, footwear, industrial design, architecture, engineering and construction (AEC), automobiles, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, and other fields.

[0003] The fused deposition modeling (FDM) method known in the art is a method of constructing a three-dimensional object by layer-by-layer printing based on a digital model using powdered metal or plastic materials, wherein a three-dimensional printer used in the method is supplied with a modeling material in the form of a filament, and the modeling material is heated to a molten state in the printer head by electrical heating. The printer head prints a three-dimensional object in a layer-by-layer manner according to a path of movement of the printer head relative to the base generated by a controller of the three-dimensional printer. SUMMARY

[0004] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a tool head for a 3D printer is provided, comprising: a mounting plate; an actuator assembly fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, the actuator assembly comprising an actuator and an output shaft in driving connection with the actuator; a bump connected to the output shaft and configured to be capable of bidirectional movement along a first straight line parallel to an axis of the output shaft under driving of the actuator, the bump having a first end face facing away from the actuator and a second end face facing toward the actuator; an extrusion head assembly slidably arranged on the mounting plate along the first straight line, one end of the extrusion head assembly facing the first end face of the bump, the extrusion head assembly being configured to receive and heat a modeling material for 3D printing and output the heated modeling material; and a cutter assembly comprising a cutter capable of bidirectional sliding along a second straight line, one end of the cutter facing the bump being used to directly or indirectly contact the second end face of the bump, wherein the actuator assembly is configured to drive the bump to move along the first straight line between a first working position and a second working position, wherein in the first working position, the first end face of the bump abuts against the one end of the extrusion head assembly, so that the extrusion head assembly is positioned in a first extended position away from the actuator along the first straight line; in the second working position, the second end face of the bump directly or indirectly abuts against the one end of the cutter, so that the cutter is positioned in a second extended position along the second straight line to cut off the modeling material input to the extrusion head assembly.

[0005] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a 3D printer is also provided, comprising: the aforementioned tool head for a 3D printer.

[0006] In the tool head of this embodiment, the protrusion has two working positions: a first working position and a second working position. When the user needs to use the 3D printer for printing, the actuator assembly can be controlled to position the protrusion in the first working position. At this time, the extrusion head assembly is located in the first extension position, which extends downward relative to the mounting plate, facilitating the extrusion of molten molding material during the printing process. When the user stops using the 3D printer, the actuator assembly can be controlled to position the protrusion in the second working position. At this time, the cutter is located in the outward extension position and cuts off the input molding material, causing the device for storing molding material (e.g., a material tray) to separate from the tool head, thereby ending the 3D printing process. The tool head of this embodiment only requires controlling one actuator assembly to switch the 3D printer between printing and non-printing states, simplifying the user's operation of the 3D printer and improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0007] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0008] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tool head for a 3D printer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0009] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 The front view of the tool head shown;

[0010] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a tool head according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; and

[0011] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cutting assembly of a tool head according to one embodiment of the present disclosure after removing the outer casing is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0012] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0013] The following will refer to Figures 1 to 4The tool head 1 for a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tool head 1 for a 3D printer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 The front view of tool head 1 shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tool head 1 for a 3D printer includes: a mounting plate 10, an actuator assembly 20, a bump 30, an extrusion head assembly 40, and a cutter assembly 50.

[0014] Mounting plate 10 is used to mount the various components included in tool head 1. The actuator assembly 20, protrusion 30, extrusion head assembly 40, and cutter assembly 50, etc., are all mounted on the same side of mounting plate 10. Figure 2 As shown, the mounting plate 10 may have a first portion extending along a first straight line direction and a second portion extending along a second straight line direction. In this embodiment, the first straight line direction may be a vertical direction, and the second straight line direction may be a horizontal direction, with the first and second lines perpendicular to each other. The actuator assembly 20, the protrusion 30, and the extrusion head assembly 40 may be mounted on the first portion, and these three may be arranged sequentially along the first straight line direction. The cutter assembly 50 may be mounted on the second portion. In addition, one end of the second portion facing the first portion may be connected to a position near the middle of the first portion, thereby forming a structure similar to a "T"-shaped plate with the mounting plate 10.

[0015] The actuator assembly 20 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 10. The actuator assembly 20 includes an actuator 21 and an output shaft 22 that is driveably connected to the actuator 21. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the actuator assembly 20 can be fixed to the upper part of the first part of the mounting plate 10, and the output shaft 22 extends from the lower part of the actuator 21 and can be extended in the first linear direction.

[0016] The protrusion 30 is connected to the aforementioned output shaft 22 and configured to move bidirectionally along a first straight line parallel to the axis of the output shaft 22 under the drive of the actuator 21. The protrusion 30 has a first end face 31 facing away from the actuator 21 and a second end face 32 facing the actuator 21. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the protrusion 30 can be an approximately cuboid block, and the first end face 31 and the second end face 32 are two opposite sides of the cuboid block.

[0017] The extrusion head assembly 40 is slidably mounted on the mounting plate 10 along a first straight line. The extrusion head assembly 40 is configured to receive and heat molding material for 3D printing and output the heated molding material. One end of the extrusion head assembly 40 faces the first end face 31 of the protrusion 30, and the other end is used to extrude molten molding material for 3D printing.

[0018] The cutting blade assembly 50 includes a cutting blade 52 capable of sliding bidirectionally along a second straight line, with one end of the cutting blade 52 facing the protrusion 30 for direct or indirect contact with the second end face 32 of the protrusion 30. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, an additional transmission component may be provided, allowing one end of the cutter 52 to indirectly contact the second end face 32 of the protrusion 30 via the transmission component. This transmission component converts the movement of the protrusion 30 in the first linear direction into the movement of the cutter 52 in the second linear direction. In other embodiments, the tool head 1 may not include a transmission component, and one end of the cutter 52 may directly contact the second end face 32 of the protrusion 30. In this case, one end of the cutter 52 and the second end face 32 of the protrusion 30 may be constructed as mutually cooperating inclined surfaces, allowing the protrusion 30 to drive the cutter 52 using the cooperating inclined surfaces.

[0019] Actuator assembly 20 is configured to drive protrusion 30 to move along a first straight line between a first working position and a second working position. In the first working position, a first end face 31 of protrusion 30 abuts against one end of extrusion head assembly 40, such that extrusion head assembly 40 is positioned along the first straight line in a first extended position away from actuator 21. In the second working position, a second end face 32 of protrusion 30 abuts directly or indirectly against one end of cutter 52, such that cutter 52 is positioned along a second straight line in a second extended position to cut the molding material fed into extrusion head assembly 40.

[0020] In this embodiment, the protrusion 30 has two working positions: a first working position and a second working position. When the user needs to use the 3D printer for printing, the actuator assembly 20 can be controlled to position the protrusion 30 in the first working position. At this time, the extrusion head assembly 40 is located in the first extension position, which extends downward relative to the mounting plate 10, thus facilitating the extrusion of molten molding material during the printing process. When the user stops using the 3D printer, the actuator assembly 20 can be controlled to position the protrusion 30 in the second working position. At this time, the cutter 52 is located in the outward extension position and cuts off the input molding material, causing the device for storing molding material (e.g., a material tray) to separate from the tool head 1, thereby ending the 3D printing process. In this embodiment, the tool head 1 only needs to control one actuator assembly 20 to switch the 3D printer between printing and non-printing states, simplifying the user's operation of the 3D printer and improving the user experience.

[0021] In some embodiments, the actuator 21 is a motor, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 10. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the motor can be fixed to the mounting plate 10 with screws. The output shaft 22 is a lead screw extending along a first straight line, with an external thread formed on it. One end of the lead screw is connected to the motor, and the lead screw is configured to rotate around the first straight line under the drive of the motor. The protrusion 30 is a lead screw slider, which has a through hole 33, and the other end of the lead screw extends into the through hole 33. The through hole 33 has an internal thread that engages with the external thread. When the lead screw rotates, the lead screw slider slides relative to the lead screw through the power generated by the thread, thereby moving along the first straight line. When the motor drives the lead screw to rotate forward around the first straight line, the lead screw slider moves downward from the second working position to the first working position. When the motor drives the lead screw to rotate in the opposite direction around the first straight line, the lead screw slider moves upward from the first working position to the second working position. Depending on the orientation of the external and internal threads, in some other embodiments, when the lead screw rotates forward, the lead screw slider moves upward; when the lead screw rotates in the opposite direction, the lead screw slider moves downward. Each time the lead screw slider switches between the first working position and the second working position, the motor is configured to drive the lead screw to rotate the same preset number of revolutions to ensure that the first working position and the second working position remain unchanged.

[0022] In some embodiments, the actuator 21 is a motor, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 10. For example... Figure 2As shown, the motor can be fixed to the mounting plate 10 with screws. The output shaft 22 is a transmission rod that extends along a first straight line and is configured to move bidirectionally along the first straight line under the drive of the motor. The protrusion 30 is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission rod facing the extruder assembly 40 so as to move along the first straight line under the drive of the transmission rod. In this case, the transmission rod slider is fixed to the transmission rod, and the two cannot move relative to each other. Therefore, when the transmission rod moves bidirectionally along the first straight line, it can directly drive the transmission rod slider to move.

[0023] Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a tool head 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, showing only the portion of the tool head 1 with the protrusion 30 and the extrusion head assembly 40. A track groove 11 extending along a first straight line is formed on the mounting plate 10. The track groove 11 includes a first track end facing the actuator 21 and a second track end facing away from the actuator 21. The extrusion head assembly 40 includes a boss 41 extending toward the mounting plate 10. The boss 41 is received within the track groove 11 and is slidable along the track groove 11 to achieve bidirectional sliding of the extrusion head assembly 40 along the first straight line. A limiting device may also be provided around the opening of the track groove 11 to ensure that the boss 41 always moves within the track groove 11 and does not disengage from the track groove 11.

[0024] In some embodiments, the tool head 1 further includes a first elastic member 61. The first elastic member 61 is disposed between the end face of the second track end of the track groove 11 and the side face of the boss 41 opposite to the second track end. The first elastic member 61 is configured to provide an elastic force toward the protrusion 30 to the extrusion head assembly 40 such that when the protrusion 30 is in the second working position, the first elastic member 61 presses the boss 41 against the first track end of the track groove 11, thereby positioning the extrusion head assembly 40 in a first retracted position away from the actuator 21 along a first straight line. The first retracted position is closer to the actuator 21 than the first extended position.

[0025] In this embodiment, the free length of the first elastic member 61 is greater than the length of the track groove 11. Therefore, the first elastic member 61 is always in a compressed state within the track groove 11 and always provides elastic force to the boss 41. When the protrusion 30 is in the second working position, the protrusion 30 will not contact the extrusion head assembly 40 and will not apply downward pressure to it. Therefore, the protrusion 30 is only subjected to the elastic force of the first elastic member 61 and is pressed against the first track end of the track groove 11. At this time, the extrusion head assembly 40 is in the first retracted position. When the protrusion 30 is in the first working position, the protrusion 30 will abut against the extrusion head assembly 40 and apply downward pressure to it. This pressure does work against the elastic force and causes the protrusion 30 to move downward until the extrusion head assembly 40 is in the first extended position. The first elastic member 61 can be, for example, a spring, a sheet, or other elastic component. In this embodiment, the first elastic member 61 is a spring.

[0026] By setting the first elastic element 61, when the protrusion 30 is in the second working position (i.e., the 3D printer is in a non-printing state), the extrusion head assembly 40 will automatically retract to the first retracted position, thereby further reducing user operation and making the operation of the 3D printer more intelligent.

[0027] Return to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the tool head 1 further includes a link 70. The link 70 is movably disposed on the mounting plate 10. The link 70 includes a first contact end and a second contact end, wherein the first contact end is used to contact a second end face 32 of the protrusion 30, and the second contact end is used to contact one end of the cutter 52 facing the protrusion 30. The link 70 is configured to move by receiving a pushing force from the protrusion 30 at the first contact end, thereby causing the second contact end to drive the cutter 52 to slide away from the protrusion 30 along a second straight line.

[0028] In some embodiments, the connecting rod 70 is rotatably mounted to the mounting plate 10 and configured to rotate in a plane of rotation parallel to the mounting plate 10. The connecting rod 70 may include a rotating shaft 71, a push rod 72, and two connecting rods 73. The rotating shaft 71 is disposed perpendicular to the mounting plate 10 and is rotatable relative to the mounting plate 10. The mounting plate 10 may have a shaft hole into which the rotating shaft 71 is inserted to achieve rotation. The push rod 72 extends in the plane of rotation, with a first contact end and a second contact end being the two ends of the push rod 72, respectively. The two connecting rods 73 respectively fix the two ends of the push rod 72 to the rotating shaft 71. Figure 3 As shown, the push rod 72 and the two connecting rods 73 form a triangular-like structure to ensure a more stable transmission process. (Refer to...) Figure 1During the movement of the protrusion 30 from the first working position to the second working position, the second end face 32 of the protrusion 30 will push the connecting rod 70 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby causing the second contact end to push the cutter 52 to move. The connecting rod 70 realizes the conversion of the movement of the protrusion 30 in the first linear direction into the movement of the cutter 52 in the second linear direction.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cutter assembly 50 of the tool head 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown with the housing 51 removed. In some embodiments, the cutter assembly 50 includes a housing 51 and a cutter 52. The housing 51 may be a cuboid structure with an internal receiving space extending along a second straight line. The housing 51 includes a first wall facing the connecting rod 70 in the second straight line direction and a second wall facing away from the connecting rod 70. At least a portion of the cutter 52 is received inside the housing 51 and configured to be bidirectionally movable within the receiving space along the second straight line. A first opening is provided on the first wall to allow one end of the cutter 52 to extend out of the housing 51 and contact a second contact end of the connecting rod 70, and a second opening is provided on the second wall to allow the other end of the cutter 52 to extend out of the housing 51 to cut the molding material.

[0030] In some embodiments, the cutter 52 includes a cutter holder 521, a blade 522, and a second elastic member 523. The cutter holder 521 is configured to move bidirectionally along a second straight line, with one end extending from a first opening into a housing 51. The blade 522 is fixedly mounted on the cutter holder 521, with its cutting edge extending from a second opening into the housing 51. The second elastic member 523 is disposed between the side of the cutter holder 521 facing the second wall and the inner side of the second wall. Figure 2 As shown, the side of the blade holder 521 facing the second wall may also form a mounting hole for receiving at least a portion of the second elastic member 523. The second elastic member 523 is configured to apply an elastic force toward the first wall to the blade holder 521 such that when the protrusion 30 is in the first working position, the second elastic member 523 presses the blade holder 521 against the inner side of the first wall, thereby positioning the cutter 52 in a second retracted position along a second straight line, the second retracted position being closer to the protrusion 30 than the second extended position.

[0031] In this embodiment, the free length of the second elastic member 523 is greater than the distance between the side of the blade holder 521 facing the second wall and the inner side of the second wall. Therefore, the second elastic member 523 is always in a compressed state within the housing 51 of the cutter assembly 50 and always provides elastic force to the blade holder 521. When the protrusion 30 is in the first working position, the connecting rod 70 will not contact the cutter 52 and will not apply pressure to it. Therefore, the blade holder 521 is only subjected to the elastic force of the second elastic member 523 and is pressed against the first wall of the housing 51. At this time, the cutter 52 is in the second retracted position. When the protrusion 30 is in the second working position, the connecting rod 70 will contact the cutter 52 and apply pressure to it. This pressure does work against the elastic force and causes the cutter 52 to move outward until the cutter 52 is in the second extended position. The aforementioned second elastic member 523 can be, for example, a spring, a sheet, or other elastic component. In this embodiment, the second elastic member 523 is a spring.

[0032] By setting the second elastic element 523, when the protrusion 30 is in the first working position (i.e., the 3D printer is in the printing state), the cutter 52 will automatically retract to the second retracted position, thereby further reducing user operation and making the operation of the 3D printer more intelligent.

[0033] In some embodiments, the housing 51 further includes a material positioning member 53 disposed on the outer side of the first wall. The material positioning member 53 has a through-hole 531 formed therethrough to allow externally input molding material to pass through. Figure 4 As shown, the material positioning member 53 can protrude from the outer surface of the first wall, and a slit is provided in the middle therein, within which the portion of the blade 522 extending out of the first wall can move. Additionally, the material positioning member 53 also has a through hole extending vertically. Figure 4 As shown, the dashed lines indicate the direction of the molding material used for 3D printing. The molding material passes through the perforation and simultaneously through the slit. The perforation 531 can be used to position the molding material, preventing it from shifting during transport, and also facilitates cutting by the cutter 52. When the cutter 52 moves to the second extended position, the blade 522 can just cut the molding material passing through the slit.

[0034] In some embodiments, the extrusion head assembly 40 has an inlet and an outlet formed at both ends in the first linear direction, respectively. The tool head 1 also includes a feed tube, one end of which is connected to a through hole 531 of the material positioning member 53, and the other end of which is connected to the inlet, for conveying molding material from the material positioning member 53 to the extrusion head assembly 40. For example... Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 2 As shown, the dashed line can indicate the direction of travel of the feed tube. The forming material first passes through the material positioning part 53 from the outside, then travels around the tool head 1, and finally enters the feed port of the extrusion head assembly 40.

[0035] In some embodiments, the extruder assembly 40 includes an extruder 42, a nozzle 43, and a plurality of heat sinks 44. A feed port is formed on the extruder 42, which heats the molding material to a molten state. The nozzle 43 is connected to the end of the extruder 42 opposite to the protrusion 30 and outputs the heated molding material for 3D printing. The plurality of heat sinks 44 are disposed on the extruder 42 to dissipate heat and prevent overheating damage to the extruder 42.

[0036] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a 3D printer is also provided, which includes the aforementioned tool head 1 for the 3D printer. The 3D printer may include a control device for controlling the actuator assembly 20, such as an electric switch mounted on the 3D printer. When a user needs to use the 3D printer, the control device can be operated to position the protrusion 30 in a first working position. At this time, the extrusion head assembly 40 is in a first extended position extending further downward relative to the mounting plate 10, facilitating the extrusion of molten molding material during printing. When the user stops using the 3D printer, the control device can be operated to position the protrusion 30 in a second working position. At this time, the cutter 52 is in an outwardly extended second extended position and cuts off the input molding material, causing the device for storing molding material (e.g., a material tray) to separate from the tool head 1, thereby ending the 3D printing process.

[0037] It should be understood that in this specification, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship or dimensions based on the orientation or positional relationship or dimensions shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for ease of description and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] This specification provides many different implementations or examples that can be used to implement this disclosure. It should be understood that these different implementations or examples are entirely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure in any way. Those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of various variations or substitutions based on the disclosure of this specification, and these should all be covered within the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of this disclosure should be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tool head for a 3D printer, comprising: Mounting plate; An actuator assembly is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, the actuator assembly including an actuator and an output shaft that is drive-connected to the actuator; A protrusion, connected to the output shaft, is configured to move bidirectionally along a first straight line parallel to the axis of the output shaft under the drive of the actuator, the protrusion having a first end face away from the actuator and a second end face facing the actuator; An extrusion head assembly is slidably disposed on the mounting plate along the first straight line in both directions, one end of the extrusion head assembly facing the first end face of the protrusion, the extrusion head assembly being configured to receive and heat the molding material for 3D printing, and output the heated molding material; as well as A cutting blade assembly, comprising a cutting blade capable of bidirectional sliding along a second straight line, wherein one end of the cutting blade facing the protrusion is used to directly or indirectly contact the second end face of the protrusion. The actuator assembly is configured to drive the protrusion to move along a first straight line between a first working position and a second working position. In the first working position, a first end face of the protrusion abuts against one end of the extrusion head assembly, positioning the extrusion head assembly in a first extended position along the first straight line away from the actuator. In the second working position, a second end face of the protrusion abuts directly or indirectly against one end of the cutter, positioning the cutter in a second extended position along the second straight line to cut the molding material fed into the extrusion head assembly. The first straight line and the second straight line are perpendicular to each other.

2. The tool head according to claim 1, wherein, The actuator is a motor, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate; The output shaft is a lead screw that extends along the first straight line. The lead screw has an external thread, and one end is connected to the motor. The lead screw is configured to rotate around the first straight line under the drive of the motor. The protrusion is a lead screw slider, which has a through hole. The other end of the lead screw extends into the through hole. The through hole has an internal thread, which engages with the external thread to drive the lead screw slider to move along the first straight line when the lead screw rotates.

3. The tool head according to claim 1, wherein, The actuator is a motor, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate; The output shaft is a transmission rod that extends along the first straight line and is configured to move bidirectionally along the first straight line under the drive of the motor. The protrusion is fixedly connected to one end of the drive rod facing the extrusion head assembly, so as to move along the first straight line under the drive of the drive rod.

4. The tool head according to claim 1, wherein, The mounting plate has a track groove extending along the first straight line. The track groove includes a first track end facing the actuator and a second track end facing away from the actuator. The extrusion head assembly includes a boss extending toward the mounting plate. The boss is received in the track groove and can slide along the track groove to enable the extrusion head assembly to slide bidirectionally along the first straight line.

5. The tool head according to claim 4, further comprising: A first elastic member is disposed between the end face of the second track end of the track groove and the side face of the boss opposite to the second track end. The first elastic member is configured to provide an elastic force toward the boss to the extrusion head assembly such that when the boss is in the second working position, the first elastic member presses the boss against the first track end of the track groove, thereby positioning the extrusion head assembly in a first retracted position away from the actuator along the first straight line, the first retracted position being closer to the actuator than the first extended position.

6. The tool head according to claim 1, further comprising: A connecting rod is movably disposed on the mounting plate. The connecting rod includes a first contact end and a second contact end, wherein the first contact end is used to contact the second end face of the protrusion, and the second contact end is used to contact the end of the cutter facing the protrusion. The connecting rod is configured to move by receiving the pushing force of the protrusion from the first contact end, thereby causing the second contact end to drive the cutter to slide away from the protrusion along the second straight line.

7. The tool head according to claim 6, wherein, The link is rotatably mounted to the mounting plate and configured to rotate in a plane of rotation parallel to the mounting plate. The link includes: The pivot is perpendicular to the mounting plate; A push rod extending within the plane of rotation, wherein the first contact end and the second contact end are respectively the two ends of the push rod; and Two connecting rods respectively fix both ends of the push rod to the rotating shaft.

8. The tool head according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The first line and the second line are perpendicular to each other.

9. The tool head according to claim 6, wherein, The cutting blade assembly includes: A housing having an interior forming a receiving space extending along the second straight line, the housing including a first wall facing the connecting rod and a second wall facing away from the connecting rod in the direction of the second straight line; and The cutter is at least partially housed within the housing and configured to move bidirectionally along the second straight line within the housing space. The first wall has a first opening that allows one end of the cutter to extend out of the housing and contact the second contact end of the connecting rod, and the second wall has a second opening that allows the other end of the cutter to extend out of the housing to cut the molding material.

10. The tool head according to claim 9, wherein, The cutter includes: A tool holder, configured to move bidirectionally along the second straight line, with one end extending from the first opening into the housing; A blade, fixedly mounted on the blade holder, with its cutting edge extending from the housing through the second opening; and A second elastic element is disposed between the side of the blade holder facing the second wall and the inner side of the second wall, and is configured to apply an elastic force toward the first wall to the blade holder such that when the protrusion is in the first working position, the second elastic element presses the blade holder against the inner side of the first wall, thereby positioning the cutter in a second retracted position along the second straight line, the second retracted position being closer to the protrusion than the second extended position.

11. The tool head according to claim 9, wherein, The housing also includes a material positioning element disposed on the outer side of the first wall, the material positioning element having perforations formed to allow externally input molding material to pass through.

12. The tool head according to claim 11, wherein, The extrusion head assembly has an inlet and an outlet formed at both ends in the first linear direction, and the tool head further includes: A feed tube, one end of which is connected to the perforation of the material positioning member and the other end of which is connected to the feed port, is used to transport the molding material from the material positioning member to the extrusion head assembly.

13. The tool head according to claim 12, wherein, The extrusion head assembly includes: An extrusion head, wherein the feed port is formed on the extrusion head, the extrusion head being used to heat the molding material; A nozzle, connected to the end of the extrusion head opposite the protrusion, is used to output the heated molding material; and Multiple heat sinks are disposed on the extrusion head for heat dissipation.

14. A 3D printer, comprising: The tool head for a 3D printer as described in any one of claims 1-13.

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