Method, device and equipment for compressing and decompressing underground engineering data

Abstract

The present invention provides a method, device and equipment for compressing and decompressing downhole engineering data, belonging to the field of oil and gas drilling. The compression coding method includes: acquiring downhole engineering data within a predetermined time; determining the average value of the downhole engineering data; taking the average value as a reference, each measurement of a group of downhole engineering data is subtracted from the average value for difference, obtaining a residual, and determining the minimum precision value of the downhole engineering data; based on the residual and the minimum precision value, determining the transmission change value of each downhole parameter; comparing whether the downhole engineering data measured twice adjacently have changed, and combining the coding sequences of each downhole engineering data in a predetermined arrangement order to form a compression code of the downhole engineering data. The present invention combines the difference and the arrangement and combination method to reduce the transmission amount of repeated data when transmitting multiple downhole engineering data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling, and in particular, to a downhole engineering data compression encoding method, a downhole engineering data compression encoding device, a downhole engineering data decompression encoding method, a downhole engineering data decompression encoding device, and a computer device for implementing the compression encoding method and / or the decompression encoding method and a computer-readable storage medium for implementing the compression encoding method and / or the decompression encoding method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous deepening of oil exploration and development, the requirements for safe drilling are getting higher and higher. In order to ensure the safe and rapid drilling of oil and gas wells, field engineers are required to accurately judge the complex working conditions downhole and make quick response decisions. However, the accurate identification of downhole working conditions not only relies on surface logging data, but also requires a large amount of downhole data as a basis. This requires the on-site measurement while drilling tools to not only obtain data such as well inclination, tool face and gamma, but also to obtain the mechanical information of the drill string downhole to analyze and identify the downhole working conditions. However, with the continuous increase of downhole measurement data, conventional mud MWD uses discrete pulses for data encoding and transmission. The signal of the transmitted data is very limited and cannot achieve the rapid transmission of multiple engineering parameters. The continuous wave mud pulse technology has not yet made a technical breakthrough. Therefore, in the existing discrete mud pulse transmission encoding method, exploring data compression encoding methods is one of the important ways to solve the slow data transmission rate of engineering parameters.

[0003] At present, there is still a lack of research on new downhole measurement data transmission. For example, the invention titled "A Drilling Digital Twin System" published on May 8, 2020, and the patent document with publication number CN111126735A records a drilling digital twin system, which acquires and calculates downhole data in real time, and finally outputs real-time simulation data of the wellbore and real-time simulation data of the well edge rock mass. The system is mainly for downhole data simulation, and no major improvements have been made in data transmission. The invention titled "A Downhole High-Speed ​​Information Transmission System and Method for Drilling Engineering" published on July 10, 2013, and the patent document with publication number CN103195415A records a downhole high-speed information transmission system and method for drilling engineering, which forms a shock wave in the drilling fluid pipeline through shock wave channel discharge, and transmits pulses through the shock wave transmission signal, and the method simultaneously opens multiple shock wave channels, so that each shock wave channel has sufficient energy storage time, and finally improves the information transmission rate. Although this method improves the information transmission rate, with the continuous increase of downhole measurement data, it can no longer meet the current large-scale data transmission requirements.

[0004] Both of the above methods use traditional pulse transmission coding, the signal for transmitting data is limited, and it is impossible to achieve rapid transmission of multiple engineering parameters. They can no longer meet the increasing data transmission requirements under new technological conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. For example, the present invention provides a method for compressing and encoding downhole engineering data to overcome the defect of limited transmission data in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a downhole engineering data compression coding method, which may include the following steps: obtaining M groups of downhole engineering data within a predetermined time, each group of downhole engineering data contains x types of downhole parameters, x ≥ 1; determining the average value E of each downhole parameter i , where i represents the number of downhole parameters, and 1≤i≤x; for each downhole parameter, the average value E i As a benchmark, each set of downhole engineering data is compared with the average value E i Subtract and differentiate to get the residual H i At the same time, determine the minimum accuracy value g of each downhole parameter i ; Based on the residual H of each downhole parameter i and the minimum precision value g i , determine the transmission change value n of each downhole parameter i , where n i is an integer; compare whether the downhole parameters in the downhole engineering data of two adjacent measurements have changed. If so, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter is i Determined as n i If not, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i The coding sequence of each downhole parameter is determined as: the average value E i Add the corresponding transmission value m for each measurement data i The coding sequences of the downhole parameters are combined in a predetermined order to form a compressed code of the downhole engineering data.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment of a downhole engineering data compression encoding method of the present invention, the downhole parameters may include drilling pressure, torque, drilling speed, vibration, well inclination, tool face and gamma.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of a downhole engineering data compression encoding method of the present invention, the determination of the average value E of each downhole parameter i, may include: determining the probability corresponding to each data in each downhole parameter in the M groups of downhole engineering data obtained, and obtaining the normal distribution law of each downhole parameter; selecting a filter interval [a i , b i ], so that the probability and corresponding to the N groups of downhole engineering data in the interval can be greater than the predetermined probability value, where M>N; calculate the average value E of each downhole parameter in the N groups of downhole engineering data i .

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of a method for compressing and encoding underground engineering data of the present invention, the predetermined probability value may be 85% to 95%.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of a method for compressing and encoding downhole engineering data of the present invention, the specific method of obtaining M groups of downhole engineering data can be: measuring downhole engineering data for t minutes, the sampling frequency of the data is Q Hz, and a total of 60Qt groups of sample data are obtained; the downhole circuit calculates the average value of the collected data once every u seconds, and stores this average value in the downhole chip. At this time, a total of M=60Qt / u groups of data are stored within t minutes.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for decompressing and encoding underground engineering data. The decompressing and encoding method uses E i +m i g i The decoding method restores the data of each downhole parameter.

[0012] In another aspect, the present invention provides a downhole engineering data compression encoding device, which may include a data acquisition unit, a parameter determination unit, a parameter judgment unit, and a parameter encoding unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is configured to acquire M groups of downhole engineering data within a predetermined time, each group of downhole engineering data includes x types of downhole parameters, x≥1; the parameter determination unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is configured to determine an average value E of each downhole parameter i , where i represents the number of downhole parameters, and 1≤i≤x. For each downhole parameter, the average value E i As a benchmark, each set of downhole engineering data is compared with the average value E i Subtract and differentiate to get the residual H i At the same time, determine the minimum accuracy value g of each downhole parameter i , based on the residual H of each downhole parameter i and the minimum precision value g i , determine the transmission change value n of each downhole parameter i, where n i is an integer; the parameter judgment unit is connected to the parameter determination unit and is configured to compare whether each downhole parameter in the downhole engineering data measured two adjacent times has changed, and if so, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i Determined as n i , otherwise the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i The parameter encoding unit is connected to the parameter judgment unit and is configured to determine the encoding sequence of each downhole parameter as: the average value E i Add the corresponding transmission value m for each measurement data i The coding sequences of the downhole parameters are combined in a predetermined order to form a compressed code of the downhole engineering data.

[0013] In another aspect, the present invention provides a downhole engineering data decompression and encoding device, which may include a compression encoding acquisition unit and a decompression unit.

[0014] The compression coding acquisition unit is configured to acquire data transmitted from downhole, wherein the data is compressed coded data obtained by compression using the compression coding method as described above.

[0015] The decompression unit is connected to the compression code acquisition unit and is configured to use E i +m i g i The decoding method restores the data of each downhole parameter.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a computer device, which may include: a processor; a memory storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, at least one of the compression encoding method and the decompression encoding method described above is implemented.

[0017] In another aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements at least one of the compression encoding method and the decompression encoding method described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention may include at least one of the following:

[0019] (1) When considering data samples, the present invention can use normal distribution to filter out abnormal values ​​in the sampled data samples through a probability distribution method, thereby avoiding interference of some abnormal data on the average value calculation and improving data recognition capability;

[0020] (2) The present invention adopts the differential idea to encode single data, first transmits the average value, then continuously transmits the differential value, and corrects the average value after a period of time, so that the transmitted data always changes around the average value, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency;

[0021] (3) When transmitting multiple data, the present invention arranges and combines the multiple data, compares the current measurement data with the previous measurement data, and replaces the same data with the arrangement and combination sequence number, thereby reducing the transmission amount of repeated data, thereby improving the downhole data transmission rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and other objects and / or features of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart showing an exemplary embodiment of a method for compressing and encoding underground engineering data of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram showing an exemplary embodiment of a downhole engineering data compression encoding device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram showing an exemplary embodiment of a downhole engineering data decompression and encoding device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the computer device structure of an exemplary embodiment of a downhole engineering data compression encoding and decompression encoding device of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 100 - underground engineering data compression encoding device, 110 - data acquisition unit, 120 - parameter determination unit, 130 - parameter judgment unit, 140 - parameter encoding unit, 200 - underground engineering data decompression encoding device, 210 - compression encoding acquisition unit, 220 - decompression unit, 300 - computer equipment, 310 - memory, 320 - processor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Hereinafter, a method, device and equipment for compressing and decompressing underground engineering data of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] On one hand, the present invention provides a method for compressing and encoding underground engineering data.

[0031] In an exemplary embodiment of a downhole engineering data compression encoding method of the present invention, the compression encoding method may include the following steps:

[0032] S100, acquiring M groups of downhole engineering data within a predetermined time, each group of downhole engineering data including x types of downhole parameters, x≥1.

[0033] Specifically, downhole parameters may include weight on bit, torque, rate of penetration, vibration, well deviation, tool face, and gamma.

[0034] S200, determine the average value E of each downhole parameter i , where i represents the downhole parameter and 1≤i≤x.

[0035] Specifically, the average value of downhole parameters E i , which may include the following sub-steps:

[0036] S201. Determine the probability corresponding to each data in each downhole parameter in the acquired M groups of downhole engineering data, and obtain the normal distribution law of each downhole parameter.

[0037] Specifically, group M downhole engineering data can be obtained in the following ways:

[0038] The downhole engineering data is measured for t minutes, the data sampling frequency is Q Hz, and a total of 60Qt groups of sample data are obtained. The downhole circuit calculates the average value of the collected data every u seconds and stores this average value in the downhole chip. At this time, a total of M=60Qt / u groups of data are stored in t minutes.

[0039] S202, on the normal distribution curve of each downhole parameter, select the filter interval [a i , b i ] so that the probability sum corresponding to the N groups of downhole engineering data in the interval can be greater than the predetermined probability value, where M>N.

[0040] Specifically, when the downhole engineering data at the measuring end is in the working condition conversion state, the downhole engineering data will fluctuate around a stable value, and the downhole parameters of the downhole engineering data at this moment may not be a normal distribution curve. By monitoring this situation that does not meet the normal distribution, the changes in the downhole working conditions can be understood and judged. When non-normal distribution occurs, the instrument can transmit a special data to inform the changes in the downhole working conditions.

[0041] For example, during the drilling phase, the change in drilling pressure generally fluctuates around the drilling pressure applied on the ground. If the measurement section happens to be in the state of working condition conversion, this working condition conversion state is generally completed very quickly, and the downhole parameters at this time may not be normally distributed. For example, after measuring for two minutes, the annular pressure in the first minute is 100MPa, and in the second minute, the drilling encounters a high-pressure gas layer, at which time the annular pressure rises to 105MPa. Two data center areas will appear on the curve, which is equivalent to the superposition of two normal distributions. When encountering this state of working condition conversion, it can be handled by taking the average value of the two data center areas.

[0042] Usually, all kinds of downhole parameters fluctuate within a stable value range and obey normal distribution. At the same time, the measurement cycle of downhole engineering data is only 1-2 minutes, which is short and the data will not change drastically. When the working conditions change, it will be completed quickly, and there is rarely a non-normal distribution in the center of two data sets for multiple consecutive measurement cycles.

[0043] Specifically, the predetermined probability value may be 85% to 95%.

[0044] S203, calculate the average value E of each downhole parameter in N groups of downhole engineering data i .

[0045] S300, for each downhole parameter, respectively use the average value E i As a benchmark, each set of downhole engineering data is compared with the average value E i Subtract and differentiate to get the residual H i At the same time, determine the minimum accuracy value g of each downhole parameter i .

[0046] S400, based on the residual H of each downhole parameter i and the minimum precision value g i , determine the transmission change value n of each downhole parameter i , where n i is an integer.

[0047] S500, comparing whether each downhole parameter in the downhole engineering data measured twice adjacently has changed, if so, transmitting the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i Determined as n i If not, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i Determined to be 0.

[0048] S600, determine the coding sequence of each downhole parameter as: average value E i Add the corresponding transmission value m for each measurement data i The coding sequences of the downhole parameters are combined in a predetermined order to form a compressed code of the downhole engineering data.

[0049] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for decompressing and encoding underground engineering data.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment of a method for decompressing and encoding underground engineering data of the present invention, the method for decompressing and encoding data may include: according to the compressed encoding data obtained by the data compression encoding method as described above, according to E i +n i g i The decoding method restores the data of each downhole parameter.

[0051] For example, taking the average value E i As a benchmark, each set of measured data is compared with the average value E i Subtract and differentiate to get the residual H i Because the minimum accuracy of a corresponding downhole engineering data parameter such as drilling pressure is certain, it is assumed to be g i , then each measured data is accurate to g i The integer multiple of the residual H i Also g i An integer multiple of E, so the original transmitted data becomes E i +m i g i , you only need to transmit an average value first, and then transmit an m i value, at ground level through E i +m i g i The data can be restored. i The value of is determined by whether the two adjacent measurement data have changed. If the current measurement data is the same as the previous measurement data, it can be considered that the transmission m i The value is empty, that is, m i = 0, if the current measurement data is different from the previous measurement data, it is considered that the m i The value is n i , n i =H i / g i In specific operations, an average value E can be transmitted first. i , the average value E i It is valid for t minutes, and then continuously transmits each measured m i When a cycle is completed, a new average value E is transmitted again i , and then transmit multiple m i Value, and so on.

[0052] In another aspect, the present invention provides a downhole engineering data compression encoding device.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment of the downhole engineering data compression encoding device of the present invention, the downhole engineering data compression encoding device may include a data acquisition unit, a parameter determination unit, a parameter judgment unit, and a parameter encoding unit.

[0054] The data acquisition unit is configured to obtain M groups of downhole engineering data within a predetermined time, each group of downhole engineering data includes x types of downhole parameters, x≥1.

[0055] The parameter determination unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is configured to determine the average value E of each downhole parameter. i Wherein, i represents the number of downhole parameters, and 1≤i≤x. For each downhole parameter, the average value E i As a benchmark, each set of downhole engineering data is compared with the average value E i Subtract and differentiate to get the residual H i At the same time, determine the minimum accuracy value g of each downhole parameter i , based on the residual H of each downhole parameter i and the minimum precision value g i , determine the transmission change value n of each downhole parameter i , where n i is an integer.

[0056] The parameter judgment unit is connected to the parameter determination unit and is configured to compare whether each downhole parameter in the downhole engineering data measured two adjacent times has changed. If so, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter is changed. i Determined as n i If not, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i Determined to be 0.

[0057] The parameter encoding unit is connected to the parameter judgment unit and is configured to determine the encoding sequence of each downhole parameter as: the average value E i Add the corresponding transmission value m for each measurement data i The coding sequences of the downhole parameters are combined in a predetermined order to form a compressed code of the downhole engineering data.

[0058] In another aspect, the present invention provides a device for decompressing and encoding underground engineering data.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment of the downhole engineering data decompression encoding device of the present invention, the downhole engineering data decompression encoding device may include, for example, a compression encoding acquisition unit and a decompression unit.

[0060] The compression coding acquisition unit is configured to acquire data transmitted from downhole, wherein the data is compressed coded data obtained by compression using the compression coding method as described above.

[0061] For example, the compression coding acquisition unit may be connected to the parameter coding unit of the compression coding device to receive the code transmitted by the parameter coding unit.

[0062] The decompression unit is connected to the compression code acquisition unit and is configured to use E i +m i g i The decoding method restores the data of each downhole parameter.

[0063] According to an exemplary embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program is also provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute at least one of the downhole engineering data compression encoding method and the downhole engineering data decompression encoding method according to the present invention. The computer-readable recording medium is any data storage device that can store data read out by a computer system. Examples of computer-readable recording media include: read-only memory, random access memory, read-only optical disk, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, and carrier wave (such as data transmission through the Internet via a wired or wireless transmission path).

[0064] According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is provided. The computer device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program. The computer program is executed by the processor so that the processor executes the computer program according to at least one of the downhole engineering data compression encoding method and the downhole engineering data decompression encoding method of the present invention.

[0065] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] In this example, taking downhole pressure data as an example, for data transmission of a downhole parameter, the downhole engineering data compression encoding method is implemented by adopting the following technical solution.

[0068] Step 1: First measure the downhole pressure data for t minutes, the sampling frequency of the data is Q Hz, and a total of 60Qt groups of sample data are obtained. The downhole circuit will calculate the average value of the collected data every u seconds and store this average value in the downhole chip. At this time, a total of M = 60Qt / u groups of data are stored in t minutes.

[0069] Step 2: Calculate the average value E of M groups of data. Taking the average value E as the benchmark, each time a group of data is measured, it is subtracted from the benchmark value E to obtain the residual H.

[0070] Step 3: Compare whether the downhole pressure data of two adjacent measurements have changed. If so, determine the transmission value m as n, n = H / g; if not, determine the transmission value m as 0.

[0071] Step 4: Determine the coding sequence of each downhole parameter as: the average value E plus the corresponding transmission value m for each measurement data.

[0072] This example uses the differential idea when encoding a single data. It first transmits the average value, and then continuously transmits the differential value. The average value is corrected after a period of time so that the transmitted data always changes around the average value, thereby improving data transmission efficiency.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] In this example, we still take the downhole pressure data as an example, for the data transmission of a downhole parameter, such as Figure 1 As shown, the underground engineering data compression encoding method is also implemented by adopting the following technical solution.

[0075] Step 1: First measure the downhole pressure data for t minutes, the sampling frequency of the data is Q Hz, and a total of 60Qt groups of sample data are obtained. The downhole circuit will calculate the average value of the collected data every u seconds and store this average value in the downhole chip. At this time, a total of M = 60Qt / u groups of data are stored in t minutes.

[0076] Step 2: Perform statistics on the M groups of data and calculate the probability corresponding to each data in the M groups of data, so as to obtain the normal distribution law of the sample data.

[0077] Step 3: Select an interval [a, b] by extending the maximum probability of the normal distribution to both sides, so that the probability corresponding to the interval is greater than 90%.

[0078] The main purpose of this step is to exclude some abnormal values ​​of the measurement through normal distribution. After filtering, there are still N groups of data in the interval [a, b], and the average value E is calculated for these N groups of data.

[0079] For example, assuming that the measured downhole engineering data is pressure data, the normal pressure change range within 5 minutes is about 42MPa. Among the 60 numbers measured, 55 numbers (the minimum is 40.5 and the maximum is 44) have a probability of occupying more than 91% of the normal distribution. The remaining five data are 0, 21, 31, 78, and 255 (these numbers are system output error data). These 5 numbers are obviously too biased. The probability of these data appearing in the normal distribution is less than 10%. At this time, we can select the interval [38, 44]. It can be considered that the data in this interval is more accurately measured, and the rest of the data is removed. Then calculate the average value of the data in the interval [38, 44] and get the average value E = 42MPa.

[0080] Step 4: Calculate the average value E of N groups of data. Taking the average value E as the benchmark, each time a group of data is measured, it is subtracted from the benchmark value E to obtain the residual H.

[0081] Step 5: Compare whether the downhole pressure data of two adjacent measurements have changed. If so, determine the transmission value m as n, n = H / g; if not, determine the transmission value m as 0.

[0082] Step 6: Determine the coding sequence of each downhole parameter as: the average value E plus the corresponding transmission value m for each measurement data.

[0083] For example: a pressure value of 43.5MPa is measured, and the pressure measurement accuracy is 0.5MPa. The measured value is subtracted from the reference average value (E=42MPa), and the residual H is 43.5-42=1.5. The difference is then divided by the pressure measurement accuracy of 0.5 to obtain the transmission change value n=3. Therefore, the transmission value this time is m=n=3.

[0084] The specific transmission method is: the downhole main control chip calculates and obtains the benchmark average value E=42 for the past 5 minutes, the MWD transmits the benchmark average value E=42 to the ground, and then starts to transmit the pressure value measured downhole. Each time, the average pressure value of the last 5 seconds, that is, the corresponding m value of the pressure value just measured is transmitted to the ground. When the transmission is completed, the next pressure value just measured corresponding to the m value is transmitted again until the 5 minutes are over, and then the new benchmark value of the past 5 minutes is transmitted again.

[0085] This example not only adopts the differential idea when encoding a single data, but also corrects the average value after a period of time, so that the transmitted data always changes around the average value, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency; when considering data samples, it is proposed to use normal distribution to filter the sampled data, and filter out the abnormal values ​​in the sample through probability distribution method, so as to avoid some abnormal data from interfering with the average value calculation and improve data recognition ability.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] In this example, the downhole engineering data includes five downhole parameters, namely, drilling pressure, torque, temperature, pressure and rotation speed. Then, for the data transmission of multiple downhole parameters, the downhole engineering data compression encoding method is implemented by adopting the following technical solution.

[0088] Step 1: First measure the downhole engineering data for 5 minutes, where the data sampling frequency is 1Hz, and a total of 300 sets of data are obtained (such as 300 numbers of drilling pressure, 300 numbers of torque, 300 numbers of pressure, 300 numbers of temperature, and 300 numbers of rotation speed). Calculate the average value of the collected downhole engineering data every 5 seconds, and store the calculated average value in the chip. A total of M=60 sets of data are obtained within 5 minutes.

[0089] Step 2: Perform statistical calculations on these 60 sets of data to calculate the distribution of the probability of each data in each downhole engineering data parameter (drilling pressure, torque, pressure, etc.), so as to obtain the normal distribution law corresponding to various downhole engineering data.

[0090] Step 3: On the normal distribution curve of each downhole engineering data parameter, select an interval [a i , b i ], the probability of the corresponding data in the selected interval is greater than 90%, which is used to exclude some measured outliers.

[0091] Step 4: After filtering, in the interval [a i , b i ] There are N groups of data in the same file. The average value E of each downhole engineering data parameter is calculated for these N groups of data. i . Taking the average value E i As the benchmark, each set of measured data is compared with the benchmark value E i Subtract and differentiate to get the residual H i .

[0092] Step 5: Compare the downhole parameters in the downhole engineering data of two adjacent measurements to see if they have changed. If so, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter is i Determined as n i If not, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i Determined to be 0.

[0093] Step 6: Combine the various data to be transmitted to form coding tables under different permutations and combinations.

[0094] Specifically, in this example, there are 5 downhole parameters to be transmitted. The transmission change value n of each downhole parameter can be obtained first. i . n measured with current downhole parameters i The value is the same as the last downhole parameter n i If the values ​​are equal or not, the downhole parameters are arranged and combined, and the equal numbers are no longer transmitted (i.e. the transmission value m i =0), if not equal, retransmit new n i Value (i.e., transmission value m i =n i). This reduces the amount of duplicate data transmitted and improves transmission efficiency.

[0095] For example, in this example, there are 5 types of parameters to be transmitted, namely drilling pressure, torque, temperature, pressure, and speed. The positions of these five parameters in the coding table are fixed. In many cases, the five parameters may be the same as the last measurement data when transmitting. Therefore, we use permutations and combinations to permutate and combine the five parameters to see if they have changed. For a specific table, see the attached table. There are 32 combinations in total. i (i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5) indicates that a value needs to be transmitted, and an empty value indicates that it does not need to be transmitted.

[0096] Assume that there are five types of downhole parameters to be transmitted, namely drilling pressure, torque, temperature, pressure, and speed. The positions of these five downhole parameters in the coding table are fixed. When transmitting the five parameters, it is very likely that the data will be the same as the last measurement data. Therefore, we use permutations and combinations to permutate the five parameters to see if they have changed, as shown in Table 1. Among the five types of parameters in Table 1, no parameter has the same data, and there are C5 0 = 1 case, as shown in No. 1; among the five types of parameters, one type of parameter has the same data, a total of C5 1 = 5 cases, as shown in sequence numbers 2 to 6; among the five types of parameters, two types of parameters have the same data, a total of C5 2 = 10 cases, as shown in sequence numbers 7 to 16; among the five types of parameters, three types of parameters have the same data, a total of C5 3 = 10 cases, as shown in sequence numbers 17 to 26; among the five types of parameters, four types of parameters have the same data, a total of C5 4 = 5 cases, as shown in sequence numbers 27 to 31; among the five types of parameters, all parameters have the same data, a total of C5 5 =1 situation, as shown in sequence number 32.

[0097] As mentioned above, the five types of downhole parameters transmitted are n i There are 32 combinations of values ​​in total. i Indicates that a value needs to be transmitted, and an empty value means that 0 does not need to be transmitted.

[0098] For example, assuming that the last three data (i.e., temperature, pressure, and speed data are unchanged) of the first and second measurements are the same, the corresponding combination is in the table in sequence number 26. That is, when transmitting the second data, the transmitted data is: the transmission change value n1 of the drilling pressure data and the transmission change value n2 of the torque data, and the following three data, temperature, pressure, and speed, may not be transmitted.

[0099] Table 1 Downhole parameter coding table

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] In this example, the main purpose is to eliminate the repeated transmission of the same data by arranging and combining multiple data, thereby improving the transmission efficiency. i The transmission of 32 sets of data requires 5×32=160 data widths. However, the combined coding method reduces the amount of data required to be transmitted to 112 data widths, and the data compression rate can reach 30%. When the data reaches 10 types, the data compression rate can reach 40%.

[0103] In this example, probability distribution and difference are used for data compression. The data compression ratio of a single downhole engineering data parameter mainly depends on the probability distribution concentration of the data. In the normal distribution, the larger the proportion of data near the mean, the smaller the variance, which means that the parameter fluctuates around the mean in a short period of time, and the better the data compression effect, especially for data such as temperature and pressure.

[0104] Example 4

[0105] In this embodiment, the downhole engineering data compression coding method in Example 1 can be used to compress and encode the collected downhole data and transmit it to the surface. The steps of data compression coding can be the same and will not be repeated.

[0106] The ground first receives the benchmark average value E, and then receives the corresponding m value transmitted every five seconds. According to the corresponding minimum precision value g, the data is decompressed and restored through E+mg (m=0, or m=n=H / g).

[0107] Example 5

[0108] like Figure 2 As shown, the underground engineering data compression encoding device 100 includes a data acquisition unit 110, a parameter determination unit 120, a parameter judgment unit 130, and a parameter encoding unit 140.

[0109] The data acquisition unit 110 is used to obtain M groups of downhole engineering data within a predetermined time, each group of downhole engineering data includes x types of downhole parameters, x≥1.

[0110] The parameter determination unit 120 is connected to the data acquisition unit 110 and is used to determine the average value E of each downhole parameter. i , where i represents the number of downhole parameters, and 1≤i≤x. For each downhole parameter, the average value E iAs a benchmark, each set of downhole engineering data is compared with the average value E i Subtract and differentiate to get the residual H i At the same time, determine the minimum accuracy value g of each downhole parameter i , based on the residual H of each downhole parameter i and the minimum precision value g i , determine the transmission change value n of each downhole parameter i , where n i is an integer.

[0111] The parameter judgment unit 130 is connected to the parameter determination unit 120 and is used to compare whether each downhole parameter in the downhole engineering data measured two adjacent times has changed. If so, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter is changed. i Determined as n i , otherwise the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i Determined to be 0.

[0112] The parameter encoding unit 140 is connected to the parameter determination unit 130 and is used to determine the encoding sequence of each downhole parameter as follows: the average value E i Add the corresponding transmission value m for each measurement data i The coding sequences of the downhole parameters are combined in a predetermined order to form a compressed code of the downhole engineering data.

[0113] Example 6

[0114] like Figure 3 As shown, the underground engineering data decompression encoding device 200 includes a compression encoding acquisition unit 210 and a decompression unit 220.

[0115] The compression coding acquisition unit 210 is used to acquire data transmitted from underground.

[0116] For example, the compression coding acquisition unit 210 can be connected to the parameter coding unit 140 in Example 5 to receive the coded data transmitted by the parameter coding unit 140 .

[0117] The decompression unit 220 is connected to the compression code acquisition unit 210 and is configured to use E i +m i g i The decoding method restores the data of each downhole parameter.

[0118] Example 7

[0119] like Figure 4As shown, a computer device 300 includes a memory 310 and a processor 320. The memory 310 stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the downhole engineering data compression encoding and decompression encoding method as described above is implemented.

[0120] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for compressing and encoding underground engineering data, characterized in that: The compression coding method comprises the following steps: Acquire M groups of downhole engineering data within a predetermined time, each group of downhole engineering data includes x types of downhole parameters, x≥1; Determine the average value E of each downhole parameter i , where i represents the downhole parameter, and 1≤i≤x; For each downhole parameter, the average value E i As a benchmark, each set of downhole engineering data is compared with the average value E i Subtract and differentiate to get the residual H i At the same time, determine the minimum accuracy value g of each downhole parameter i ; Based on the residual H of each downhole parameter i and the minimum precision value g i , determine the transmission change value n of each downhole parameter i , where n i is an integer; Compare the downhole parameters in the downhole engineering data of two adjacent measurements to see if they have changed. If so, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter is i Determined as n i If not, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i Determine to 0; The coding sequence of each downhole parameter is determined as: the average value E i Add the corresponding transmission value m for each measurement data i The coding sequences of the downhole parameters are combined in a predetermined order to form a compressed code of the downhole engineering data.

2. The underground engineering data compression encoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The downhole parameters include drilling pressure, torque, drilling speed, vibration, well inclination, tool face and gamma.

3. The underground engineering data compression encoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determination of the average value E of each downhole parameter i ,include: Determine the probability corresponding to each data in each downhole parameter in the M groups of downhole engineering data obtained, and obtain the normal distribution law of each downhole parameter; On the normal distribution curve of each downhole parameter, select the filter interval [a i , b i ], so that the probability sum corresponding to the N groups of downhole engineering data in the interval can be greater than the predetermined probability value, where M>N; Calculate the average value E of each downhole parameter in N groups of downhole engineering data i .

4. The underground engineering data compression encoding method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The predetermined probability value is 85% to 95%.

5. The underground engineering data compression encoding method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific method of obtaining M groups of downhole engineering data is: Measure the downhole engineering data for t minutes, the sampling frequency of the data is Q Hz, and a total of 60Qt groups of sample data are obtained; The downhole circuit calculates the average value of the collected data every u seconds and stores this average value in the downhole chip. At this time, a total of M=60Qt / u groups of data are stored in t minutes.

6. A method for decompressing and encoding underground engineering data, characterized in that: The decompression encoding method comprises: Acquire data transmitted from downhole, wherein the data is compressed coded data obtained by compression using the compression coding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5; Adopt E i +m i g i The decoding method restores the data of each downhole parameter.

7. A downhole engineering data compression encoding device, characterized in that: The underground engineering data compression encoding device includes a data acquisition unit, a parameter determination unit, a parameter judgment unit, and a parameter encoding unit, wherein: The data acquisition unit is configured to acquire M groups of downhole engineering data within a predetermined time, each group of downhole engineering data includes x types of downhole parameters, x≥1; The parameter determination unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is configured to determine the average value E of each downhole parameter. i , where i represents the number of downhole parameters, and 1≤i≤x. For each downhole parameter, the average value E i As a benchmark, each set of downhole engineering data is compared with the average value E i Subtract and differentiate to get the residual H i At the same time, determine the minimum accuracy value g of each downhole parameter i , based on the residual H of each downhole parameter i and the minimum precision value g i , determine the transmission change value n of each downhole parameter i , where n i is an integer; The parameter judgment unit is connected to the parameter determination unit and is configured to compare whether each downhole parameter in the downhole engineering data measured two adjacent times has changed. If so, the transmission value m of each downhole parameter is changed. i Determined as n i , otherwise the transmission value m of each downhole parameter i Determine to 0; The parameter encoding unit is connected to the parameter judgment unit and is configured to determine the encoding sequence of each downhole parameter as: the average value E i Add the corresponding transmission value m for each measurement data i The coding sequences of the downhole parameters are combined in a predetermined order to form a compressed code of the downhole engineering data.

8. A downhole engineering data decompression and encoding device, characterized in that: The underground engineering data decompression and encoding device comprises a compression encoding acquisition unit and a decompression unit, wherein the compression encoding acquisition unit is configured to acquire data transmitted from underground, wherein the data is compressed and encoded data obtained by using the compression encoding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5; The decompression unit is connected to the compression code acquisition unit and is configured to adopt E i +m i g i The decoding method restores the data of each downhole parameter.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device comprises: processor; A memory storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements at least one of the compression encoding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and the decompression encoding method according to claim 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, at least one of the compression encoding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and the decompression encoding method according to claim 6 is implemented.

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