Cleaning unit for oral cleaning and / or treatment device

Abstract

An oral cleaning unit, such as a head for an oral cleaning and / or treatment device, comprises an electrode for generating an RF field to provide an oral cleaning and / or treatment function. The unit comprises at least a first protruding structure and a second protruding structure, which protrude away from a base or a support structure in the same general direction. Each electrode is comprised of one or more electrodes. These protruding structures are arranged to face each other and are separated by a space or gap, which is configured to accommodate a tooth pushed or inserted between the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure, and these protruding structures extend on either side of the tooth, i.e., across the tooth. When the electrode is appropriately driven by an RF signal, this allows the RF electrode formed by the protruding structure to reach a position at least partially downward on the side of the tooth, closer to the interdental space, so that the interdental space can be better cleaned, and optionally also sensed using RF energy / field that interacts with tooth features.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cleaning unit for an RF energy based oral cleaning and / or treatment device, ie an oral cleaning and / or treatment device which uses electromagnetic energy for the cleaning function. Background Art

[0002] Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation can be used to provide cleaning or treatment functions in the oral cavity. In particular, an oral cleaning or treatment device can include a cleaning or treatment unit, such as a head portion, for insertion into the oral cavity of a user, the cleaning unit portion including two or more electrodes connected to an RF signal generator. The signal generator drives the electrodes with an RF signal, which causes an RF field to be generated around and between the electrodes.

[0003] According to US 10201701 B2, when the RF field interacts with the surfaces of the teeth and gums, it provides a cleaning function by loosening the bonds between impurities and the surfaces in the oral cavity. In particular, the RF field generated in this way can remove dental plaque as well as calculus. It can also reduce tooth staining.

[0004] US 10201701 B2 describes an electric toothbrush comprising an RF generator, two RF electrodes and a dielectric barrier in the form of a silicon strip located between the two RF electrodes. The dielectric barrier has a height that extends to the level of the ends of the bristles. The barrier forces the RF waves transmitted between the electrodes to travel on top of the barrier so as to reach the area where the bristles engage the surface of the teeth and gums in use.

[0005] The ends of the bristles rub the surface of the teeth in the usual manner to clean them, while at the same time the RF electrodes emit RF waves which provide a cleaning action at the level of the bristle ends, on the same surface being brushed.

[0006] Developments are generally sought in the field of RF oral cleaning and / or treatment devices. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention is defined by the independent claims. The dependent claims define preferred embodiments.

[0008] According to an example according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cleaning unit for an oral cleaning and / or treatment device, the cleaning unit being adapted to be received in the oral cavity of a user, the cleaning unit comprising:

[0009] a first protrusion structure extending outward from a surface of the cleaning unit, the first protrusion structure comprising one or more first electrodes,

[0010] a second protruding structure extending outwardly from a surface of the cleaning unit and comprising one or more second electrodes,

[0011] The second protruding structure is separated from the first protruding structure by a gap,

[0012] wherein the gap is arranged so that at least one tooth can be received in the gap between the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure, and the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure extend on either side of the gap (and therefore the tooth), and wherein, with the at least one tooth received in the gap, the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure extend at least partially downwardly on the outer side surface of the tooth.

[0013] Embodiments of the present invention are based on the concept of providing electrodes in such a form that a tooth can be fitted between two sets of electrodes and the electrodes are at least partially held below the outer side surface of the tooth. In this way, the teeth themselves act as an insulating barrier between the electrodes, replacing the need for a dedicated barrier element. Furthermore, this arrangement improves cleaning of the interdental space between the teeth because the electrodes are positioned closer to the space and at the same height level as the space. Because the teeth provide an insulating barrier, RF energy is naturally caused to flow between the electrodes via the interdental space, i.e. along a path extending through the interdental space at either side of the teeth.

[0014] Thus, embodiments of the present invention provide enhanced cleaning capabilities compared to prior art devices.

[0015] It should be noted that although a cleaning unit is mentioned above, the device may additionally or alternatively be a treatment unit for treating one or more areas in the oral cavity using RF energy. Therefore, reference to a cleaning unit in the present disclosure may be understood as reference to a cleaning and / or treatment unit.

[0016] The gap preferably extends from the first protruding structure to the second protruding structure. The gap may include a space extending from the first protruding structure to the second protruding structure. The gap may be an open space extending (uninterruptedly) from the first protruding structure to the second protruding structure. The space is, for example, an air gap.

[0017] The gap is adapted to receive the entire width of the tooth between the first and second protruding structures. The gap is sized to receive the entire width of an average molar of an average adult human being.

[0018] The protruding structure may be arranged such that, with the tooth received in the gap, the protruding structure is directly adjacent to the side surface of the tooth (i.e. facing the tooth surfaces, e.g. there is nothing between the protruding structure and the tooth surfaces). The protruding structure may be in contact with the side surface of the tooth.

[0019] The protruding structure may be arranged such that when a tooth is received in the gap, the protruding structure is positioned adjacent to the interdental space beside the tooth and on either side of the interdental space.

[0020] The cleaning unit is a unit for an oral cleaning or treatment device based on RF energy.For example, the first electrode and the second electrode may each be adapted to be driven with an RF drive signal to generate an RF electromagnetic field.

[0021] The cleaning unit is intended to be received within the oral cavity of a user for performing oral cleaning and / or treatment functions.

[0022] The cleaning unit may be, for example, a head for an oral cleaning and / or treatment device, such as a toothbrush or other device, or may be a different form of cleaning or treatment unit, such as a mouthpiece unit for fitting into the oral cavity.

[0023] The first protruding structure and the second protruding structure may each include a set of one or more protruding members.

[0024] Thus, each protruding structure may comprise, for example, a single protruding member or a plurality of protruding members.

[0025] In some examples, each protruding structure may comprise a single sheet-like protruding member defining an elongated footprint on the cleaning unit surface, ie, the sheet-like protruding member extends from a line on the cleaning unit surface.

[0026] Alternatively, each protruding structure comprises a plurality of protruding members. Each protruding member may comprise a respective electrode, or only a subset of the protruding members may comprise an electrode.

[0027] For example, in one set of embodiments (described further below), each protruding member may form a respective bristle, and each protruding structure may include a respective tuft or bundle of bristles. However, this represents only one example structure.

[0028] At least a portion of the one or more protruding members of each protruding structure may be flexible. This is useful to allow a tooth to be received in a gap between a first protruding structure and a second protruding structure.

[0029] For example, at least a portion of the protruding member(s) of the first and second protruding structures may be adapted to flex to receive the tooth in the gap. The protruding member may be such that when the tooth is received in the gap, the protruding member resiliently engages with the outer face of the tooth.

[0030] An advantage of forming the protruding structure as a plurality of protruding members, such as a bundle or cluster of protruding members, is that the protruding structure can better conform to the shape of a tooth received in the gap, or more easily deform outwardly to receive a tooth if required.

[0031] According to some embodiments, the cleaning unit may further include an additional protrusion structure extending outward from the surface of the cleaning unit, the additional protrusion structure including one or more additional electrodes, and the additional protrusion structure is arranged in the gap between the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure, and protrudes to a height shorter than the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure.

[0032] The additional protruding structure includes a shorter set of one or more electrodes that allow the RF field to be generated near the crown of the tooth when the tooth is received in the gap. At the same time, the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure can be driven to generate an RF field to treat the sides of the teeth, particularly the interdental space between the teeth.

[0033] There are different options as to how to implement the protruding structure, which may depend in part on the intended application of the cleaning unit, ie the type of oral care device with which the cleaning unit will be used.

[0034] For example, according to one set of embodiments, the cleaning unit may include a platen and further include a plurality of bristles extending outwardly from a first surface of the platen for cleaning teeth, and wherein the plurality of bristles are shaped and / or arranged to allow teeth to enter the gap.

[0035] The tooth in this example may be received into the gap in a direction downwardly toward the first surface of the deck, with the first and second protruding structures lowered down onto the tooth with their distal tips pointing in the direction of movement.

[0036] According to this set of embodiments, the cleaning unit may be, for example, a head for a toothbrush device.

[0037] For example, the shape, contour or position of the bristles may not prevent the teeth from entering downward from above the deck into the gap between the first and second protruding structures. The configuration of the bristles allows the teeth to enter and be accommodated within the gap.

[0038] For example, the distal ends of the plurality of bristles may define a profile shaped to allow the teeth to enter and be received within the gap.

[0039] The first and second protruding structures may be at least partially formed by first and second subsets of the plurality of bristles, respectively.

[0040] One or more bristles in the first subset of bristles may include one or more first electrodes, and one or more bristles in the second subset may include one or more second electrodes.

[0041] Each of the first electrode and the second electrode may be in the form of bristles. For example, one or more bristles may be formed of a conductive polymer, or otherwise configured to function as an electrode. Alternatively, one or more bristles may carry or integrate an electrode thereon or therein.

[0042] In some examples, a first subset of bristles may be arranged in a first spatial grouping and a second subset of bristles may be arranged in a second spatial grouping, the first spatial grouping and the second spatial grouping having a spacing defining the gap therebetween.

[0043] The spatial groups may each define an elongated footprint on the surface of the cleaning unit such that they each define a linear or elongated profile.

[0044] In some examples, the cleaning unit may include an intermediate group of bristles positioned between a first subset of bristles and a second subset of bristles, and the intermediate group of bristles has a shorter length than each of the first and second subsets of bristles, and wherein a distal end of the intermediate group of bristles defines a lower boundary of the gap for receiving the teeth.

[0045] The intermediate set of bristles may form a further protruding structure, and in some examples may include one or more further electrodes. Alternatively, it may simply allow brushing of a crown received in the gap while RF energy is applied by the electrodes of the first and second protruding structures.

[0046] According to one or more embodiments, each of the first and second subsets of bristles may include a plurality of curved bristles, the curved bristles in each subset being arranged to bend inwardly toward a gap between the first and second protruding structures.

[0047] Thus, the protruding structure in this set of embodiments defines a U-shaped receiving gap for the teeth. By providing the electrodes in the bristle bundles that bend inwardly toward the gap, the tips of the bristles are biased against the side surfaces of the teeth when the teeth are received in the gap. This allows the teeth to be brushed by the bristles to achieve a cleaning function, and ensures that the electrodes in the bristles are close to the sides of the teeth, maximizing the RF cleaning or treatment function.

[0048] According to any of the above embodiments, each protruding structure may define an elongated footprint on the surface of the cleaning unit from which the protruding structure protrudes, such that the gap has a length defined by the length of the elongated footprint.

[0049] The gap may be elongated.

[0050] A set of examples has been discussed above in which the cleaning unit includes bristles for providing a brushing function.

[0051] In other examples, the cleaning unit can take different forms. For example, the cleaning unit can take the form of a non-brush mouthpiece portion or a head for a non-brush oral treatment device. A brushing mouthpiece device is also an option.

[0052] According to one or more embodiments, the cleaning unit may include a support body having a first side facing a first direction and a second side facing a second direction opposite to the first direction, and wherein the first and second protrusion structures extend outwardly from the first side.

[0053] The cleaning unit may also include a third protrusion structure extending outward from the surface of the second side of the support body and including one or more third electrodes, and a fourth protrusion structure extending outward from the second side of the support body and including one or more fourth electrodes, and the third protrusion structure is separated from the fourth protrusion structure by an additional gap for receiving teeth therein.

[0054] The structure allows teeth from the upper and lower sets of teeth to be received and cleaned simultaneously, with one tooth being received in a first gap on a first (upper) side and a second tooth being received in a second gap below the first gap, with the support body providing a spacer or barrier between the teeth.

[0055] The third and fourth protruding structures may be arranged to be aligned with the first and second protruding structures, respectively, such that the gap and the further gap are aligned along an axis parallel to the first and second directions.

[0056] The cross-section of the cleaning unit in this example defines an H-shape, with the first and second protruding structures forming an upper arm of the H-shape, the third and fourth protruding structures forming a lower arm of the H-shape, and the support core forming a crossbar of the H-shape.

[0057] Each protruding structure may define an elongated footprint on the cleaning unit surface such that the gap has a length comparable to the length of the elongated footprints.

[0058] In some examples, the cleaning unit can be a mouthpiece unit in which the support body extends in a U-shape or a horseshoe shape for extending around the contours of the teeth in the oral cavity. The protruding structures on each side of the core can extend continuously along the same curved shape of the core to effectively define an upper channel for receiving the upper teeth (formed by the gap between the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure) and a lower channel for receiving the lower teeth (formed by the gap between the third protruding structure and the fourth protruding structure).

[0059] The cleaning unit may be formed from a single integral or unitary body such that the core and the protruding structure are part of the same integral structure. Thus, the cleaning unit may be formed as a single piece structure. This may be flexible, for example in some examples, to allow conformity to the contours of the teeth or mouth.

[0060] According to another aspect of the present invention, an oral cleaning and / or treatment device is provided, the device comprising:

[0061] A cleaning unit according to any of the examples or embodiments discussed above or described below, or according to any of the claims of this application; and

[0062] An RF generator is electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode and is configured to drive the electrodes using a drive signal (e.g., an alternating potential or current) to induce an RF alternating (electromagnetic) field in an area around and between the electrodes to provide an oral cleaning function when the cleaning unit is received in the oral cavity.

[0063] The RF energy interacts with the surfaces of the teeth and gums to provide a cleaning action.

[0064] According to one or more embodiments, the device may further include a sensing function for sensing an area between the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure, for example, for sensing a physical entity or object brought into the gap between the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure.

[0065] The sensing function may be based on monitoring the electrical characteristics of a circuit comprising the first electrode and the second electrode. For example, an RF generator may be electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode and arranged to apply an alternating drive signal to the electrodes. The circuit comprising the RF generator and the first electrode and the second electrode forms an RF generating circuit. Sensing may be based on monitoring the electrical characteristics of the generating circuit.

[0066] The apparatus may be further adapted to perform sensing in a region between the first electrode and the second electrode based on sensing a change in one or more electrical characteristics of a circuit comprising the first and second electrodes.

[0067] In particular, the device may include a controller. The controller may be adapted to detect the presence of a dental feature or structure in the region between the first and second protruding structures (e.g., in the gap therebetween) based on sensing changes in one or more electrical characteristics of a circuit including the first and second electrodes.

[0068] In an advantageous embodiment, the controller may be adapted to sense the presence of a tooth received in a gap between the first and second protruding structures, or to sense the presence of an interdental space within the gap.

[0069] It may sense deflection of one or more protruding members caused by insertion or receipt of the one or more protruding members in the interdental (interproximal) space.

[0070] The sensing may be based on sensing a change in voltage across the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0071] The sensing may be based on directly or indirectly sensing a change in capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0072] For example, for a first protruding structure and a second protruding structure separated by a gap of distance D, if the protruding structure bends slightly outward from the gap when the tooth is received in the gap, the distance D changes (increases) and the capacitance or impedance between the electrodes changes accordingly. The change in capacitance can be measured based on a change in voltage across the sensing electrode pair (formed by the first electrode and the second electrode).

[0073] Likewise, if one or both of the protruding structures are received or inserted into the interdental space, this may also change the gap distance D between the first electrode and the second electrode (eg, reduce it), resulting in a detectable change in capacitance.

[0074] Furthermore, if a tooth is received in the gap, the presence of this object in the space between the electrodes may change the overall electrical permittivity of the space between the electrodes, which may change the effective capacitance therebetween in a detectable manner.

[0075] The oral cleaning and / or treatment device may include a sensing unit configured to sense or monitor one or more electrical characteristics of a circuit (e.g., a generator circuit) comprising a first electrode and a second electrode. A controller may be coupled to the sensor unit and arranged to receive a sensor signal output from the sensor unit and adapted to detect the receipt or insertion of an object or structure in a gap between the protruding structures based on the sensor signal output.

[0076] The controller may be operably coupled to the RF generator and adapted to configure operational settings of the RF generator based on the sensed results. For example, it may be adapted to change a drive scheme of the drive signal.

[0077] The controller may be adapted to trigger one or more responsive actions in response to sensing specific dental features or structures in the area between the protruding structures, such as the interproximal (inter-tooth) space.

[0078] For example, the strength or power level of the RF field may be increased (eg, by increasing the amplitude or frequency of the RF drive signal in response to detecting a tooth or interdental space received in the gap).

[0079] The controller may be configured to adjust a cleaning function of the cleaning and / or treatment device based on the sensing results. This may be a mechanical cleaning function included in the oral cleaning and / or treatment device, such as an oscillating action of bristles included in the device, or a fluid jet action in the case of an oral irrigator or flossing device.

[0080] For example, the frequency or amplitude of bristle oscillations may be increased in response to detecting teeth or interdental spaces in the gap. In some examples, a pulsed jet of fluid (air or liquid) may be triggered from the nozzle of a flossing or rinsing device. In some examples, certain active agents or substances may be automatically released in response to detecting the presence of interdental spaces or teeth.

[0081] The response action in each case can be used to perform an additional cleaning action. This enables enhanced cleaning in areas such as the interdental spaces which are usually difficult to clean thoroughly.

[0082] According to one or more embodiments, the first and second protruding structures may each include at least three electrodes located at spaced-apart positions along the length of a gap defined between the protruding structures.

[0083] This allows sensing at multiple locations along the length of the gap, for example between respective cooperating pairs of electrodes at different locations, each pair being formed by one of the first electrodes and one of the second electrodes. Thus, three pairs of electrodes may be provided spanning the gap. This increases the spatial definition or resolution of the sensing function. For example, if the middle electrode pair senses the inter-tooth space, while the other two do not, this gives an indication that the inter-tooth space is located at the center of the arrangement of the three electrodes.

[0084] A drive signal may be applied to each pair of electrodes by an RF generator.

[0085] The oral cleaning and / or treatment device may further comprise a handle and / or body portion, which may be directly or indirectly connected to the cleaning unit portion.It may be releasably connected to the cleaning unit portion.

[0086] According to some embodiments the oral cleaning and / or treatment device may be a toothbrush, the cleaning unit being a brush head.

[0087] In some examples, the oral treatment device may include an oscillation mechanism configured to drive the cleaning unit to oscillate.

[0088] These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0089] For a better understanding of the invention, and in order to more clearly show how the invention may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example only, to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0090] FIG. 1 illustrates an example cleaning unit according to one or more embodiments;

[0091] Figure 2 and Figure 3 An example cleaning unit for cleaning teeth is shown;

[0092] FIG4 illustrates another example cleaning unit according to one or more embodiments;

[0093] FIG5 illustrates an example cleaning unit including bristles according to one embodiment;

[0094] Figure 6 Another example of a cleaning unit according to an embodiment is shown, the cleaning unit including bristles;

[0095] Figure 7 Another example cleaning unit including bristles is shown;

[0096] FIG8 shows an example cleaning unit in which electrodes are included within the bristles;

[0097] Fig. 9 Another example cleaning unit is shown in which the electrodes are included within the bristles;

[0098] Fig.10 Another example cleaning unit is shown in which the electrodes are included within the bristles;

[0099] Fig.11 and Fig.12 An example cleaning unit including curved bristles is shown;

[0100] Fig.13 and Fig.14 Another example cleaning unit including curved bristles is shown;

[0101] Fig.15 and Fig.16 Another example cleaning unit having an H-shaped cross-section is shown;

[0102] Fig.17 Another example cleaning unit according to one or more embodiments is shown;

[0103] Fig.18 Components of an example oral cleaning and / or treatment device are shown;

[0104] Fig.19 Components of an example oral cleaning and / or treatment device including sensing functionality are shown;

[0105] Fig. 20 The use of an example cleaning and / or treatment device for sensing interdental spaces is shown;

[0106] Fig.21 shows the use of another example cleaning and / or treatment device having sensing capabilities; and

[0107] Fig. 22 An example toothbrush apparatus according to one or more embodiments is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0108] The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0109] It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, although indicating exemplary embodiments of the cleaning unit and the device, are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These and other features, aspects and advantages of the cleaning unit and the device of the present invention will become better understood from the following description, the appended claims and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are only schematic and are not drawn to scale. It should also be understood that the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same or similar parts.

[0110] The present invention provides an oral cleaning unit, such as a head for an oral cleaning and / or treatment device, which includes electrodes for emitting RF waves to provide an oral cleaning function. The unit includes at least a first protruding structure and a second protruding structure, which protrude away from a base or a support structure in the same general direction. Each includes one or more electrodes. The protruding structures are arranged to face each other and define a gap between them, the gap being configured to accommodate a tooth pushed or inserted therein between the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure, and the protruding structure extends, for example, on either side of the tooth. Straddle the tooth. This allows the electrode included by the protruding structure to reach a position at least partially downward on the side of the tooth and closer to the interdental space, so that the interdental space can be better cleaned using RF transmission when the electrode is properly driven.

[0111] Fig. 1 schematically shows a simple first example of a cleaning unit for an oral cleaning and / or treatment device according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0112] The cleaning unit 10 comprises a first protruding structure 14a extending outwardly from a surface of the cleaning unit.The cleaning unit in this example comprises a backing member, such as a platen 12 from which the protruding structure extends.

[0113] The first protruding structure includes a first electrode, in which case the first electrode is integrated into the body of the protruding structure. For example, the protruding structure in this case includes a sheet-like protruding member in which the electrode is integrated. In other examples, the electrode can be exposed at the surface of the protruding structure, or the protruding structure itself can be formed of a conductive material to act as an electrode.

[0114] The electrode can take various shapes or structures. It can include a flat planar electrode, such as an electrode plate, or in some examples can include an elongated wire, or in some examples can be shaped in the form of a ring. A flat planar electrode is a preferred example.

[0115] In some examples, a portion of each of the electrodes 18a, 18b may be exposed, for example, an end of each electrode may be exposed at an end of a corresponding protruding structure.

[0116] A second protruding structure 14b is also provided, which extends outwardly from the same surface of the cleaning unit 10 and includes a second electrode 18b.

[0117] The second protruding structure 14 b is spaced apart from the first protruding structure 14 a by a gap 16 .

[0118] As shown in Figure 2, the gap 16 is arranged so that the tooth 22 can be received in the gap between the first protrusion structure 14a and the second protrusion structure 14b, and the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure extend on either side of the tooth, and wherein, when the tooth is received in the gap, the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure extend at least partially downward on the outer side surface of the tooth.

[0119] In further examples, the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b may each include more than one electrode 18, for example they may each include an array of electrodes distributed along the length of the protruding structure.

[0120] The gap 16 preferably extends from the first protruding structure 14a to the second protruding structure 14b.

[0121] The gap 16 is adapted to receive the entire width of the body of the tooth 22 between the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b.

[0122] The electrodes 18a, 18b included in the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b are arranged so that when the tooth 22 is received in the gap 16 between the protruding structures, the electrodes are each positioned or extend at least partially down the side surface of the tooth. In this way, the electrodes are positioned adjacent the interdental space between the teeth, which enables a higher intensity field to reach the interdental space, which enhances cleaning.

[0123] The cleaning unit 10 is a cleaning unit for use with an oral cleaning and / or treatment device based on RF energy. For example, each of the first electrode 18a and the second electrode 18b may be adapted to be driven with an RF drive signal to generate an RF electromagnetic field. The cleaning unit is intended to be received in the oral cavity of a user.

[0124] In particular, the electrodes 18a, 18b are adapted to be driven with an RF drive signal to generate an RF field in the vicinity of and in the space between the electrodes for performing an oral cleaning function when the device is received in the oral cavity of a user.

[0125] Each of the first and second electrodes 18a, 18b may be connected to a respective electrical input or terminal (not shown) for receiving an RF drive signal.

[0126] As discussed, and as shown in FIG2A , the cleaning unit 10 is configured such that the teeth 22 can fit between two sets of one or more electrodes 18 a, 18 b comprised by the protruding structures 14 a, 14 b, wherein the electrodes are held positioned at least partially down along the outer side surfaces of the teeth. In this way, the teeth themselves act as an insulating barrier between the electrodes, replacing the need for a dedicated barrier element.

[0127] like Figure 2b As shown, this arrangement also improves cleaning of the interdental space because the electrodes 18a, 18b are positioned closer to the interdental space and at the same height level as the space when the protruding structure 14 is lowered onto the tooth 22. Because the teeth provide an insulating barrier, the RF oscillations (at Figure 2b The tooth (shown by arrow 32) is naturally caused to flow or be transmitted between the electrodes 18a, 18b via the interdental space, ie, along a path extending through the interdental space on either side of the tooth.

[0128] Figure 3 The cleaning unit 10 is shown in use with the protruding structures 14a, 14b, the cleaning unit 10 being positioned on the tooth 22 such that one protruding structure is located on either side of the tooth. Figure 3Only the first protruding structure 14a is visible. The interdental space between the teeth is indicated by arrow 26. The cleaning unit 10 in this example is shown as being attached to a handle or body portion of an example oral cleaning and / or treatment device to which the cleaning unit 10 can be coupled. As shown, the side edges of the protruding structure 14a are adjacent to the interdental space 22 on either side of the teeth, which means that in use RF energy is induced to flow from the electrode 18a in the first structure through the interdental space 22 to the second structure 18b.

[0129] Although in Figure 1- Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b each comprise a single sheet-like protruding member defining an elongated footprint on the cleaning unit surface (ie, it extends from a line on the cleaning unit surface), but other configurations are possible.

[0130] According to some examples, each protruding structure may include a plurality of protruding members, which are arranged in corresponding rows, wherein the row of the first protruding structure faces the row of the second structure. Each protruding member may include a corresponding electrode.

[0131] One or more of the protruding members of each protruding structure may be flexible. This is useful to allow a tooth to be accommodated in a gap between a first protruding structure and a second protruding structure.

[0132] For example, the protruding members of the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b may be adapted to flex to receive the tooth 22 in the gap 16. The protruding members may be such that they resiliently engage with the outer face of the tooth when the tooth is received in the gap.

[0133] FIG. 4 illustrates another example cleaning unit 10 according to one or more embodiments.

[0134] In this example, the cleaning unit 10 further includes an additional protruding structure 15 extending outwardly from the surface of the cleaning unit, the additional protruding structure 15 including one or more additional electrodes 18c, and the additional protruding structure is arranged in the gap 16 between the first protruding structure 14a and the second protruding structure 14b, and protrudes to a shorter height than the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure. The height direction is indicated by the arrow H in Figure 4B.

[0135] The further protruding structure 15 comprises a shorter set of one or more electrodes 18 c which allow the application of an RF field in the vicinity of the crown of the tooth 22 when the tooth is received in the gap 16 .

[0136] There are many different options as to how the protruding structures 14a, 14b of the cleaning unit are implemented according to different embodiments. This may depend in part on the intended application of the cleaning unit, ie the type of oral care device with which the cleaning unit will be used.

[0137] According to one set of embodiments, the cleaning unit may include a plurality of bristles for cleaning teeth, and wherein the protruding structure 14 is incorporated in or around the bristles of the cleaning unit. This may be applicable when the cleaning unit is used with, for example, a toothbrush device. For example, it may be the head of a toothbrush device.

[0138] For example, according to one set of embodiments, the cleaning unit may include a platen and further include a plurality of bristles for cleaning teeth extending outward from a first surface of the platen, and wherein the plurality of bristles are shaped and / or arranged to allow teeth to enter the gap. For example, the shape and contour of the bristles may be designed or simply positioned so as not to hinder teeth from entering the gap between the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure from above and below the platen. The construction of the bristles allows teeth to enter and be accommodated in the gap. For example, the distal ends of the plurality of bristles may define a contour shaped to allow teeth to enter and be accommodated in the gap.

[0139] FIG5 shows a first example.

[0140] In this example, the cleaning unit includes a platen 12 from which a plurality of bristle bundles 42 extend in the same direction as the first protruding structure 14a and the second protruding structure 24b. In this example, the bristles are arranged only on one side of the protruding structure, and the gap 16 does not include bristles. Figure 5b 5B , the bristle bundles 52 are positioned in an arrangement extending around the peripheral area of ​​the deck 12. The bristles may be arranged to extend around the entire periphery of the deck surface, or, as shown in FIG. 5B , spaces may be left at either end of the gap 16 to allow teeth to be received into the gap without other adjacent teeth becoming stained or obstructed by the bristles.

[0141] The tooth 22 is receivable into the gap 16 in a direction downwardly toward the first surface of the deck, with the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b lowered downwardly over the tooth with their distal tips pointing in the direction of movement.

[0142] Figure 6 A second example of a cleaning unit 10 including bristles 42 is shown. In this example, the bristles are arranged around the protruding structures 14a, 14b on either side of each protruding structure so that the protruding structures are nested between the bristles included in the cleaning unit. The protruding structures 14a, 14b can be formed of a flexible material to allow the protruding structures to bend with the bristle bundles 42 when the user uses the cleaning unit 10 to brush their teeth.

[0143] Figure 7 Another example is shown. In this example, the cleaning unit 10 includes a middle group of bristles 44 located in the gap 16 between the first protruding structure 14a and the second protruding structure 14b. The middle group of bristles 44 protrude to a shorter height than each of the first and second bristle subsets. Therefore, the distal end of the middle group of bristles 44 effectively defines the lower boundary of the gap 16 for receiving the teeth 22.

[0144] This arrangement means that the intermediate bristles 44 can brush the crowns of the teeth 22 received in the gaps while RF energy is applied by the electrodes 18 of the first and second projecting structures 14a, 14b.

[0145] According to an advantageous set of embodiments, the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b may be at least partially formed by a first and a second subset of the plurality of bristles 42 comprised by the cleaning unit 10, respectively.

[0146] One or more bristles of the first subset of bristles may include one or more first electrodes, and one or more bristles of the second subset of bristles may include one or more second electrodes.

[0147] The first and second subsets of bristles may each form respective spatial groups of bristles defining a protruding structure.

[0148] This can be achieved in different ways. In some examples, each of the first electrode and the second electrode can itself be arranged in the form of bristles. For example, one or more bristles can be formed of a conductive polymer or other conductive material to enable it to act as an electrode. Alternatively, one or more bristles can simply carry or integrate one or more electrodes thereon or therein.

[0149] For example, the electrodes in the form of bristles may be provided by nylon bristles metallized on at least a portion of the outer surface. Conductive metal is used as the electrode. In some examples, the bristles may be selectively metallized so that they include conductive segments and non-conductive segments.

[0150] As another example, the electrodes in the form of bristles may be provided by bristles formed of a conductive silicone or rubber material.

[0151] As another example, the electrodes in the form of bristles may be provided by a flexible member including a conductive element (e.g., one or more thin metal wires or plates) embedded or otherwise integrated therein. The flexible member may include an insulating sheath surrounding the internal conductive element. The insulating sheath may be formed, for example, of a non-conductive silicone or elastomeric rubber or thermoplastic polymer (e.g., polyamide 6.12, TPE, polybutylene terephthalate) suitable for tooth cleaning.

[0152] The fabrication of electrodes in the form of bristles can be achieved by standard manufacturing techniques, such as overmolding of printed electronics, or by lamination techniques.

[0153] A simple first example of this concept is shown in Figure 8. Here, each of the first protruding structure 14a and the second protruding structure 14b is formed as a corresponding spatial group of bristles in the form of a linear bundle of bristles. The bristles of the first protruding structure are arranged in a first linear arrangement and the bristles of the second protruding structure are arranged in a second linear arrangement. The individual bristles form protruding members, which as a whole form the entire protruding structure. The first linear arrangement and the second linear arrangement face each other, and the spacing between them defines a gap 16 for receiving the teeth.

[0154] In this example, the cleaning unit does not include other bristles than the first and second groups of bristles forming the first and second protruding structures.

[0155] However, in other examples, the bristles forming each of the first and second protruding structures may simply be a subset of the plurality of bristles included in the cleaning unit.

[0156] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 Two examples of such arrangements are shown.

[0157] exist Fig. 9 In an example, each of the first and second protruding structures is formed by a corresponding subset of bristles formed as a linear bundle extending in a line along the surface of the cleaning unit, the lines of the first and second protruding structures facing each other. Fig. 9 In the example of , the subset of bristles forming the first and second protruding structures are adjacent to other common bristles of the cleaning unit only on one side of each protruding structure. Fig.10 In the example, the subset of bristles forming the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure is nested between the remaining plurality of bristles included in the cleaning unit, for example surrounded by the remaining ordinary bristles on all sides.

[0158] In each of the above examples, the bristles forming each protruding structure 14 may each include or consist of a corresponding electrode, or only a subset of the bristles forming each protruding structure may include or consist of an electrode.

[0159] As described above, in some examples, the cleaning unit may include an intermediate group of bristles positioned between the first and second bristle subsets forming the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b, respectively, and the intermediate group of bristles has a shorter length than each of the first and second bristle subsets. In this case, the distal end of the intermediate group of bristles may define a lower boundary of the gap for receiving the teeth.

[0160] The intermediate set of bristles may form a further protruding structure 14 and in some examples may include one or more further electrodes.

[0161] According to one advantageous set of embodiments, each of the first and second subsets of bristles may comprise a plurality of curved bristles, the curved bristles in each subset being arranged to curve inwardly towards the gap 16 between the first and second protruding structures.

[0162] An example of such an embodiment is Fig.11 and Fig.12 The cleaning unit 10 includes a first curved bristle bundle 54a and a second curved bristle bundle 54b forming a first protruding structure 14a and a second protruding structure 14b, respectively. The bristles of each of the first and second protruding structures include one or more electrodes, which may be in the form of bristles, or may be included in one or more bristles in each bundle, for example integrated within the bristles.

[0163] Thus, the protruding structures 14a, 14b in this set of embodiments effectively define a U-shaped gap for receiving the tooth.

[0164] like Fig.12 As shown, by providing electrodes in the bristle bundles that bend inwardly toward the gap 16, the tips of the bristles are biased against the side surfaces of the teeth when the teeth 22 are received in the gap. This allows the teeth to be brushed by the bristles to achieve a cleaning function, and ensures that the electrodes in the bristles are close to the sides of the teeth, maximizing the RF cleaning function.

[0165] Fig.13 and Fig.14 Another example is shown in which the protruding structures 14a, 14b each include a corresponding set of bristles that are bent inwardly toward the gap 16. In this example, the cleaning unit 10 includes an additional intermediate set of bristles 56 located in the gap between the protruding structures, similar to the above Figure 7 The intermediate group of bristles extends to a shorter height than either of the bristle bundles 54a, 54b forming the first and second protruding structures 14a. And as Fig.14 As shown, when the teeth are received in the gap, brushing of the crowns of the teeth can be allowed. The middle bristle bundle 56 can form an additional protrusion structure and include one or more additional electrodes to enable the middle bristles to perform RF cleaning functions near the crowns of the teeth while the first and second protrusion structures 14a, 14b perform cleaning near the sides of the teeth and the interdental spaces.

[0166] In some examples, the tip of the curved bristle can be arranged at a certain angle relative to the base of the curved bristle. Specifically, each of the plurality of curved bristles can include a tip and also include a base fixed to the cleaning unit at the upper surface of the deck 12, and wherein the tip of the curved bristle is positioned at an angle relative to the base of the curved bristle.

[0167] In some examples, the plurality of curved bristles can be positioned at an angle of approximately 60 to 120 degrees relative to the base of the curved bristles.

[0168] According to any of the above embodiments, each protruding structure may define an elongated footprint on the surface of the cleaning unit from which the protruding structure protrudes, such that the gap has a length defined by the length of the elongated footprint.

[0169] The gap may be elongated.

[0170] A set of embodiments has been discussed above, in which the cleaning unit 10 includes bristles for providing a teeth brushing function.

[0171] In other non-limiting examples, the cleaning unit can take different forms. For example, the cleaning unit can take the form of a mouthpiece, or a head for a non-brush oral treatment device.

[0172] Fig.15 and Fig.16 Another example cleaning unit is shown in the form of a mouthpiece unit 62 according to one set of embodiments. Fig.15 shows a cross section of the unit, and Fig.16 A floor plan of the unit is shown.

[0173] In this example, the cleaning unit 10 includes a support body 76 having a first side 77a facing a first direction and a second (opposite) side 77b facing a second direction opposite to the first direction, and wherein the first protrusion structure 14a and the second protrusion structure 14b extend outwardly from the first side 77a and are separated by a first gap 16a.

[0174] The cleaning unit 10 also includes a third protrusion structure 14c and a fourth protrusion structure 14d, wherein the third protrusion structure 14c extends outward from the surface of the second side 77b of the support body 76 and includes one or more third electrodes 18c, and the fourth protrusion structure 14d extends outward from the second side 77b of the support body 76 and includes one or more fourth electrodes 18d, and the third protrusion structure is separated from the fourth protrusion structure by an additional gap 16b for receiving teeth therein.

[0175] This structure allows teeth in the upper and lower groups of teeth to be received and cleaned simultaneously, with one tooth being received in a first gap 16a on a first (upper) side 77a, a second tooth being received in a second gap 16b below the first gap on a second side 77b, and the support body 76 providing a spacer or barrier between the received teeth.

[0176] exist Fig.15 In the example shown, the third protruding structure 14c and the fourth protruding structure 14d are arranged to be aligned with the first protruding structure 14a and the second protruding structure 14b, respectively, so that the gap 16a and the additional gap 16b are aligned along an axis parallel to the first direction and the second direction. However, in other examples, the gap 16a and the additional gap 16b can be offset from each other in a direction perpendicular to the axis to accommodate, for example, different maxillary and mandibular arcs. It is also beneficial to offset the third protruding structure from the first protruding structure and the fourth protruding structure from the second protruding structure to spatially separate the electrodes carried by each protruding structure. This can avoid interference between the RF fields generated by each pair of protruding structures. This is particularly beneficial in embodiments (described later) in which sensing is further performed.

[0177] exist Fig.15 In the example shown, the unit is a mouthpiece unit in which the support body 76 extends in a U-shape or horseshoe shape for extending around the contours of the teeth in the oral cavity. The protruding structures 14 on each side 77a, 77b of the core can follow and extend continuously around the same curved shape of the core to effectively define an upper channel for receiving the upper teeth (formed by the gap 16a between the first protruding structure 14a and the second protruding structure 14b) and a lower channel for receiving the lower teeth (formed by the gap 16b between the third protruding structure 14c and the fourth protruding structure 14d).

[0178] Thus, each protruding structure defines an elongated footprint on the cleaning unit surface, such that the gap has a length comparable to the length of these elongated footprints.

[0179] The cleaning unit 10 can be formed from a single integral or unitary body such that the core 76 and the protruding structure 14 are part of the same integral structure. Thus, in some examples, the cleaning unit can be formed as a single piece structure. In some examples, this can be formed, for example, from a flexible material to allow conformity to the contours of the teeth or mouth.

[0180] although Fig.15An example is in the form of a mouthpiece unit, but this is not required. In other examples, the cleaning unit can take different forms. For example, the support body 76 can be in the form of a thin sheet or a plane, and the corresponding paired protrusions extend from either side of the plane support body. In some examples, this can be a head for a cleaning and / or treatment device, the device having a handle for holding the head in the oral cavity, and the head allows cleaning of the upper and lower teeth at the same time.

[0181] Fig.17 Another example structure of an oral cleaning unit 10 according to one or more embodiments is shown. In this example, the cleaning unit includes a plurality of bristles 42 that protrude inwardly from the surface of each of the first protruding structure 14a and the second protruding structure 14b into the gap 16 between these structures. In particular, each of the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure has a side facing inwardly into the gap, and a plurality of bristles 42 that protrude from the side of the protruding structure into the gap. For example, the bristles of each protruding structure can extend in a direction toward another opposing protruding structure.

[0182] The bristles 42 extend only partially into the gap 16 between the protruding structures, so that the gap has a free space defined area between the distal ends of the opposing bristle groups 42, and the teeth 22 can be received in this area. When the teeth are received in the gap 22, as shown in FIG. Fig.17 As shown, the bristles can engage with the side surfaces of the teeth to provide, for example, a physical cleaning function. The electrodes 18a, 18b are integrated into or carried by the protruding structure so that an RF field 32 is generated in the region between the first electrode 18a and the second electrode 18b. In use, as shown Fig.17 As shown, this can extend through the interdental space on one side of the tooth.

[0183] Fig.17 The structure shown in may in some cases form part of a cleaning unit, such as a cleaning head for cleaning and / or treating a device, or for example part of a mouthpiece unit. For example, Fig.12 The deck 12 shown in FIG. 1 may be formed, for example, Fig.15 The mouthpiece unit supports at least a portion of the body 76.

[0184] According to another aspect of the present invention, an embodiment is provided which provides an oral cleaning and / or treatment device or apparatus.

[0185] Fig.18 Components of an example oral cleaning and / or treatment device or apparatus are schematically illustrated.

[0186] The device or apparatus comprises: a cleaning unit 10 according to any of the examples or embodiments discussed above or described below or according to any claim of the present application. The device also comprises an RF generator 82 electrically connected to the first electrode 18a and the second electrode 18b, the RF generator 82 being configured to drive the electrodes with an alternating potential to induce a radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic field in the area around and between the electrodes, thereby providing an oral cleaning function when the cleaning unit is received in the oral cavity.

[0187] As described above, RF energy interacts with the surfaces of the teeth and gums to provide a cleaning function.

[0188] The RF generator 22 may be electrically coupled to the electrodes 18a, 18b and configured to provide an RF drive signal to the pair of electrodes to induce generation of an RF field. An alternating drive signal may be applied between the first and second electrodes 18a, 18b so that an alternating potential difference is induced between the electrodes. Thus, the first electrode and the second electrode effectively form a pair of electrodes, and the pair of electrodes may effectively form a capacitor arrangement coupled across an AC supply voltage or AC current from the RF generator.

[0189] The RF generator may drive the first electrode and the second electrode at any drive frequency, for example, between 3 kHz and 300 GHz, but more preferably between 500 kHz and 30 MHz.

[0190] The device may also include a controller or processor for controlling the RF generator.A user control, such as a button, may be provided to allow a user to switch RF cleaning on and off.

[0191] According to one or more embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise a sensing function for sensing a physical entity or object in the gap between the second protruding structures.

[0192] The apparatus may be adapted to perform sensing in a region between the first electrode and the second electrode based on sensing changes in one or more electrical characteristics of a circuit comprising the first and second electrodes.

[0193] For example, an RF generator may be electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode and configured to apply an alternating drive signal to the electrodes. A circuit including the RF generator and the first electrode and the second electrode forms an RF generating circuit. Sensing may be based on monitoring electrical characteristics of the RF generating circuit.

[0194] Fig.19 An example circuit arrangement of an oral care device according to one or more embodiments is schematically illustrated.

[0195] The device 80 comprises an RF generator 22 electrically coupled to the electrodes 18a, 18b and arranged to provide an RF drive signal to the pair of electrodes to cause generation of an RF field. The RF field is suitable for performing an oral cleaning function when the cleaning unit is received in the oral cavity.

[0196] An alternating drive signal may be applied between the electrodes 18a, 18b so that an alternating potential difference is induced between the electrodes. Thus, the pair of electrodes effectively forms a capacitor arrangement coupled across an AC supply voltage from an RF generator.

[0197] The device 80 further comprises a sensing unit 24 electrically coupled to the electrode pair 18a, 18b. The sensing unit 24 is adapted to sense changes in electrical properties of a circuit comprising the electrodes.

[0198] In the example of FIG. 1 , the sensing unit 24 is electrically connected in parallel with the electrode pair (and with the RF current generator), which means that the sensing unit 24 is operable to sense changes in the voltage between the electrodes due to changes in the electrode distance D or changes in the permittivity of a (foreign) material introduced between the electrodes.

[0199] In further examples, the sensing unit 24 may be provided in a different electrical arrangement, such as connected in series with one or more of the electrodes 18a, 18b.

[0200] The device 80 further comprises a controller 28 which is arranged to receive and process the sensing signal from the sensing unit 24 .

[0201] In some examples, controller 28 may also be communicatively or operatively coupled to RF generator 22 such that analysis of the sensing signals from sensing unit 24 may be used, for example, to inform an RF drive scheme implemented by the RF generator.

[0202] In some examples, controller 28 may be adapted to control the operation of RF generator 22 .

[0203] The circuit including electrodes 18a, 18b and RF generator 82 may be understood to together form an RF generating circuit. Fig.19 In the example, the sensing unit 24 is arranged to be electrically connected to the circuit so that the sensing is based on detecting changes in one or more electrical characteristics of the RF generating circuit.

[0204] The controller 28 may be adapted to detect the presence of a dental feature or structure in the region between the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b (eg, in the gap 16 therebetween) based on sensing changes in one or more electrical characteristics of a circuit including the first and second electrodes.

[0205] In advantageous embodiments, the controller 28 may be adapted to sense the presence of a tooth 22 received in the gap 16 between the first and second protruding structures, or to sense the presence of an interdental space 26 within the gap.

[0206] The sensing may be based on sensing a change in voltage across the first electrode 18a and the second electrode 18b.

[0207] The sensing may be based on directly or indirectly sensing a change in capacitance between the first electrode 18a and the second electrode 18b.

[0208] For example, for a first protruding structure 14b and a second protruding structure 14b separated by a gap of distance D, if the protruding structures flex slightly outward from the gap when a tooth is received in the gap, the distance D changes (increases) and the capacitance between the electrodes 18a, 18b changes accordingly. The change in capacitance or impedance can be measured based on a change in voltage across the sensing electrode pair (formed by the first electrode and the second electrode).

[0209] Likewise, if one or both of the protruding structures are received or inserted into the interdental space, this may also change the gap distance D between the first electrode and the second electrode, resulting in a detectable change in capacitance.

[0210] Furthermore, if a tooth is received in the gap, the presence of this object in the space between the electrodes can change the overall permittivity of the space between the electrodes, which can change the effective capacitance between them in a detectable manner.

[0211] As described above, the controller 28 is coupled to the sensing unit 24 and is arranged to receive the sensor signal output from the sensor unit and is adapted to detect the presence of a dental feature or structure in the gap between the protruding structures based on the sensor signal output.

[0212] Specific tooth features or structures can be associated with different changes in electrical properties between electrodes of the circuit. For example, open space can be associated with a first effective capacitance between the electrodes (reflected in a measurable voltage across the electrodes), interdental space between the electrodes is associated with a second effective capacitance, and the presence of the full width of the tooth in the gap is associated with a different effective capacitance. Based on the detected effective capacitance between the electrodes or other electrical properties of the circuit including the electrodes, the controller can detect the size of the interdental space.

[0213] In some examples, the apparatus may include a memory communicatively coupled to the controller, the memory storing a reference data set, such as a lookup table, having reference circuit characteristics recorded for each of a plurality of different possible dental features or entities.

[0214] The controller 28 may be adapted to trigger one or more responsive actions in response to sensing specific dental features or structures in the area between the protruding structures, such as the interdental spaces.

[0215] For example, the strength or power level of the RF field may be increased (eg, by increasing the amplitude or frequency of the RF drive signal in response to detecting a tooth or interdental space received in the gap).

[0216] The controller may be arranged to adjust the cleaning function of the cleaning and / or treatment device 80 based on the sensing results. This may be a mechanical cleaning function comprised by the oral cleaning and / or treatment device, such as an oscillating action of bristles comprised by the device, or a fluid jet action in the case of an oral irrigating device or a dental flossing device.

[0217] For example, the device may include a mechanical oscillation mechanism configured to apply oscillations to the platen 12 to cause the bristles to oscillate, and wherein the frequency or amplitude of the bristle oscillations may be increased or decreased in response to detecting teeth or interdental spaces in the gaps. In some examples, a pulsed jet of fluid (air or liquid) may be triggered from a nozzle of a flossing device or irrigating device. In some examples, certain active agents or substances may be automatically released in response to detecting the presence of interdental spaces or teeth.

[0218] The response action in each case can be used to perform additional cleaning and / or treatment actions. This enables enhanced cleaning in areas such as the interdental spaces that are usually difficult to clean thoroughly.

[0219] Fig. 20 The use of an example cleaning and / or treatment device is shown. The cleaning head 10 has been positioned on a row of teeth so that two adjacent teeth 22 are partially received in a gap 16 (not visible) between a first protruding structure 14a and a second protruding structure 14b. The inter-tooth space 26 between two adjacent teeth 22 is therefore located in the gap between the protruding structures. The controller 28 (not shown) can detect the presence of the inter-tooth space based on a voltage change of the RF generating circuit or an effective capacitance change between the electrodes.

[0220] Alternatively, the cleaning head may be rotated 90 degrees and each protruding structure 14a, 14b is received in the interdental space on either side of one of the teeth 22. In this case, the teeth are fully received in the gaps 16 between the protruding structures. The deflection of the protruding structures when entering the interdental space is detectable.

[0221] According to one or more embodiments, the first and second protruding structures may each include at least three electrodes located at spaced-apart positions along the length of a gap defined between the protruding structures. Fig.21Here, each of the first and second protruding structures 14a, 14b comprises a plurality of spatially separated parts (three in this example), each part comprising a respective electrode.

[0222] This allows sensing at multiple locations along the length of the gap 16 between the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure, for example sensing between corresponding cooperating electrode pairs at different locations, each pair being formed by one of the first electrodes 18a and one of the second electrodes 18b. Thus, three pairs of electrodes spanning the gap can be provided. This increases the spatial definition or resolution of the sensing function. For example, if the middle electrode pair senses the inter-tooth gap, while the other two do not, this gives an indication that the inter-tooth gap 26 is located at the center of the arrangement of the three electrodes.

[0223] For example, a drive signal is applied across each pair of electrodes by an RF generator 82 .

[0224] As described above, in some examples, the sensing results can be transmitted to an external device through a wired or wireless communication interface. For example, the sensed results can be uploaded to a server, or can be transmitted to a mobile communication device such as a smart phone via a wireless communication protocol such as Bluetooth or Wi-Fi.

[0225] The results can be monitored over time for clinical monitoring of subjects. For example, an increase in the size of the interdental space, or gingival recession, or movement of the teeth can be detected.

[0226] The oral cleaning and / or treatment device may also include a handle and / or body portion, which may be directly or indirectly connected to the cleaning unit. The handle or body portion may receive or house the RF generator 82 and facilitate electrical connection between the generator and the electrodes of the cleaning unit.

[0227] The cleaning unit may be a disposable attachment to a main body portion of an oral cleaning and / or treatment device (eg a head for a toothbrush device). It may be adapted to be releasably mechanically and electrically connected to the main body portion.

[0228] According to some embodiments, the oral cleaning and / or treatment device may be a toothbrush 80, wherein the cleaning unit 10 is a brush head of the toothbrush. Fig. 22 An example is schematically shown in , which shows a cleaning unit 10 in the form of a toothbrush head mounted to the distal end of a main body portion 92 housing an RF generator (not shown). The main body portion forms a handle for the device.

[0229] In some examples, the oral cleaning device may include an oscillating mechanism configured to drive the cleaning unit to oscillate, such as to cause the bristles to oscillate.

[0230] Alternatively, the cleaning unit 10 may be arranged to be releasably connected to the main body portion 92, such that the cleaning unit can be detached from the main body portion.

[0231] Various different types of oral cleaning devices may be provided according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0232] As non-limiting examples, an oral cleaning or treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be any of the following:

[0233] - toothbrush devices (e.g. electric toothbrushes);

[0234] - Oral irrigator device;

[0235] -Electric dental flossing device;

[0236] - a combined brushing and flossing device; or

[0237] - Mouthpiece devices, such as a brushing mouthpiece device.

[0238] As described above, embodiments utilize a controller. The controller may be implemented in a variety of ways using software and / or hardware to perform the various functions required. A processor is an example of a controller that employs one or more microprocessors that may be programmed using software (e.g., microcode) to perform the desired functions. However, a controller may be implemented with or without a processor, and may also be implemented as a combination of dedicated hardware that performs certain functions and a processor (e.g., one or more programmed microprocessors and associated circuitry) that performs other functions.

[0239] Examples of controller components that may be employed in various embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, conventional microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0240] In various implementations, a processor or controller may be associated with one or more storage media such as volatile and non-volatile computer memory (such as RAM, PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM). The storage media may be encoded with one or more programs that, when executed on one or more processors and / or controllers, perform the desired functions. The various storage media may be fixed within the processor or controller, or may be transportable so that one or more programs stored thereon may be loaded into the processor or controller.

[0241] By studying the drawings, the disclosure and the appended claims, those skilled in the art can understand and implement variations of the disclosed embodiments in practicing the claimed invention. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality.

[0242] The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.

[0243] If the term "suitable for" is used in the claims or the specification, it should be noted that the term "suitable for" is intended to be equivalent to the term "configured to".

[0244] Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.

Claims

1. A cleaning unit (10) for an oral cleaning and / or treatment device based on RF energy, the cleaning unit being adapted to be received in the oral cavity of a user, the cleaning unit comprising: a first protruding structure (14a), the first protruding structure extending outwardly from a surface of the cleaning unit, the first protruding structure comprising one or more first electrodes (18a), a second protruding structure (14b) extending outwardly from the surface of the cleaning unit and comprising one or more second electrodes (18b), wherein the one or more first electrodes and the one or more second electrodes are adapted to be driven by an RF drive signal to generate an RF electromagnetic field; The second protruding structure is separated from the first protruding structure by a gap (16), wherein the gap comprises a space extending from the first protruding structure to the second protruding structure, wherein the gap (16) is arranged so that at least one tooth (22) can be received in the gap between the first and second protruding structures, and the first and second protruding structures extend on either side of the gap, wherein when the at least one tooth is received in the gap, the first and second protruding structures extend at least partially downwardly on the outer side surface of the tooth, The first protruding structure (14a) and the second protruding structure (14b) each include a plurality of protruding members, and at least a portion of the protruding members in each protruding structure is flexible.

2. A cleaning unit (10) according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the protruding members in the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure are suitable for bending to receive the tooth in the gap, so that when the tooth is received in the gap, the member is elastically engaged with the outer surface of the tooth.

3. A cleaning unit (10) according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning unit includes a table (12) and further includes a plurality of bristles (42), wherein the plurality of bristles (42) extend outwardly from a first surface of the table for cleaning teeth, and wherein the plurality of bristles are shaped and / or arranged to allow the teeth to enter the gap (16).

4. A cleaning unit (10) according to claim 2, wherein the cleaning unit includes a table (12) and further includes a plurality of bristles (42), wherein the plurality of bristles (42) extend outwardly from a first surface of the table for cleaning teeth, and wherein the plurality of bristles are shaped and / or arranged to allow the teeth to enter the gap (16).

5. The cleaning unit (10) of claim 3, wherein the first and second protruding structures (14a, 14b) are at least partially formed by first and second subsets of the plurality of bristles (42), respectively, the bristles forming the protruding members.

6. A cleaning unit (10) according to claim 5, wherein one or more bristles in the first subset of bristles include the one or more first electrodes (18a), and one or more bristles in the second subset of bristles include the one or more second electrodes (18b).

7. A cleaning unit (10) according to claim 5, wherein the first subset of bristles is arranged in a first spatial group and the second subset of bristles is arranged in a second spatial group, the first spatial group and the second spatial group having a spacing defining the gap (16) therebetween.

8. The cleaning unit (10) of claim 6, wherein the first subset of bristles is arranged in a first spatial group and the second subset of bristles is arranged in a second spatial group, the first spatial group and the second spatial group having a spacing defining the gap (16) therebetween.

9. The cleaning unit (10) according to any one of claims 3-8, wherein the first electrode (18a) and the second electrode (18b) are in the form of bristles.

10. A cleaning unit (10) according to any one of claims 5-8, wherein the cleaning unit includes an intermediate group of bristles (44, 56), the intermediate group of bristles (44, 56) being positioned between the first subset of bristles and the second subset of bristles, and the intermediate group of bristles having a length shorter than each bristle in the first subset of bristles and the second subset of bristles, and wherein the distal end of the intermediate group of bristles defines a lower boundary for receiving the gap of the teeth.

11. A cleaning unit (10) according to any one of claims 5-8, wherein each of the first subset and the second subset of bristles includes a plurality of curved bristles (54a, 54b), and the curved bristles in each subset are arranged to bend inwardly toward the gap (16).

12. The cleaning unit (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cleaning unit comprises a supporting body (76) having a first side (77a) facing a first direction, and a second side (77b) facing a second direction opposite to the first direction, and wherein the first protruding structure (14a) and the second protruding structure (14b) extend outwardly from the first side (77a), and The cleaning unit also includes a third protrusion structure (14c) and a fourth protrusion structure (14d), wherein the third protrusion structure extends outward from the surface of the second side (77b) of the support body (76) and includes one or more third electrodes (18c), and the fourth protrusion structure extends outward from the second side (77b) of the support body and includes one or more fourth electrodes (18d), and the third protrusion structure is separated from the fourth protrusion structure by an additional gap for receiving the teeth (22) therein.

13. A cleaning unit (10) according to claim 12, wherein the third protrusion structure (14c) and the fourth protrusion structure (14d) are arranged to be aligned with the first protrusion structure (14a) and the second protrusion structure (14b), respectively, so that the gap and the further gap are aligned along an axis parallel to the first direction and the second direction.

14. An oral cleaning and / or treatment device based on RF energy, comprising: A cleaning unit (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and An RF generator (82) is electrically connected to the first electrode (18a) and the second electrode (18b) and is configured to drive the first electrode and the second electrode using an RF alternating drive signal to induce an RF alternating field in an area around and between the electrodes, thereby providing an oral cleaning function when the cleaning unit is received in the oral cavity.

15. An RF energy based oral cleaning and / or treatment device according to claim 14, wherein the device includes a controller suitable for detecting the presence of tooth features or structures in the area between the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure based on sensing changes in one or more electrical characteristics of a circuit including the first electrode and the second electrode.

16. An RF energy based oral cleaning and / or treatment device according to claim 15, wherein the controller is suitable for detecting the presence of a tooth received in a gap (16) between the first protruding structure (14a) and the second protruding structure (14b), or the presence of an inter-tooth space in the gap.

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