Automatically replaceable drill bit device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatically replaceable drill bit device, comprising a drill tool, a drill bit assembly rotatably mounted within the drill tool, and a control unit for controlling the rotation of the drill bit assembly. The drill bit assembly includes a first drill bit and a second drill bit connected by a telescopic rod. The first drill bit is located outside the drill tool, while the second drill bit is located within the drill tool. The control unit is capable of actuating the drill bit assembly to rotate in response to a command, such that the first drill bit is located within the drill tool and the second drill bit is located outside the drill tool. This device enables automatic drill bit replacement underground, thereby saving time during tripping operations and effectively improving work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling engineering, in particular to an automatically replaceable drill bit device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, many types of drill bits are used in drilling projects. Among them, roller cone drill bits and PDC drill bits have a wide range of applications, so they are also the most commonly used in oil drilling work.

[0003] During oil drilling, as drilling depth increases, drill bits will experience wear and chipping. For example, when a roller drill bit is downhole, teeth wear and bearing damage can eventually cause it to stop rotating properly and eventually become stuck. If not addressed promptly, this can lead to drill bit drops.

[0004] Currently, when a drill bit experiences wear or tooth collapse, it is usually necessary to pull out of the hole to replace or repair the drill bit before drilling again. This will obviously seriously delay the project progress and reduce work efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, how to reduce the number of trips and drill bits and reduce the risk of drill bit accidents has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide an automatically replaceable drill bit device. This device pre-installs a spare drill bit in the drill string. Thus, during downhole operations, if the first drill bit becomes worn, the device can automatically replace the spare drill bit. This reduces the risk of drill bit failure, saves time during tripping operations, and effectively improves work efficiency.

[0007] According to the present invention, there is provided an automatically replaceable drill bit device, comprising: a drill tool, a drill bit assembly rotatably mounted within the drill tool, and a control unit for controlling the rotation of the drill bit assembly, wherein the drill bit assembly comprises a first drill bit and a second drill bit connected by a telescopic rod, wherein the first drill bit is located outside the drill tool, and the second drill bit is located within the drill tool, and each of the first drill bit and the second drill bit comprises a plurality of blades that can be extended and retracted, and the control unit is configured to actuate the drill bit assembly to rotate in response to an instruction, so that the first drill bit is located within the drill tool and the second drill bit is located outside the drill tool.

[0008] In one embodiment, the drill bit assembly further includes a telescopic slot, the telescopic rod is disposed in the telescopic slot, and is driven by the control unit to perform telescopic movement.

[0009] In one embodiment, the drill head assembly further comprises a rotating rod, which can be driven by the control unit to drive the drill head assembly to rotate.

[0010] In one embodiment, a rotation buckle is provided on the drilling tool, and the rotation buckle is correspondingly connected to the rotation rod, so that the rotation rod can only rotate 180 degrees.

[0011] In one embodiment, in the initial state of the automatically replaceable drill bit device, the blade of the first drill bit is extended, the blade of the second drill bit is retracted, and the telescopic rod is extended; before the drill bit assembly rotates, the blade of the first drill bit is retracted and the telescopic rod is contracted; after the drill bit assembly rotates, the blade of the second drill bit is extended and the telescopic rod is extended.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first drill bit and the second drill bit each further include a blade slot for accommodating the blade, and a blade telescopic rod disposed in the blade slot for extending the blade out of the blade slot or retracting the blade into the blade slot.

[0013] In one embodiment, in the state of being retracted into the blade pocket, the outer surface of the blade is located inside the outer surface of the first drill bit or the second drill bit.

[0014] In one embodiment, the control unit comprises a pressure sensor for issuing an instruction to actuate the drill head assembly to rotate when the detected pressure is abnormal.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first drill bit and the second drill bit are both configured to be hemispherical, so that after the telescopic rod is retracted, the first drill bit and the second drill bit together form a substantially sphere, and the outer diameter of the sphere is smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling tool.

[0016] In one embodiment, the control unit is disposed in a sealed chamber within the second drill head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatically replaceable drill bit device according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the automatically replaceable drill bit device according to the present invention, showing a first drill bit and a second drill bit connected by a telescopic rod;

[0020] Figure 3is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a control unit in an automatically replaceable drill bit device according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of a drill bit assembly in an automatically replaceable drill bit device according to the present invention, showing a blade telescopic rod capable of extending a blade out of a blade slot or retracting a blade into the blade slot.

[0022] In the drawings, like parts are given like reference numerals, but the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the convenience of explanation, in this specification, the directional terms "longitudinal" or "axial" refer to Figure 1 The term "transverse" or "radial" refers to the direction perpendicular to the "longitudinal" or "axial" direction, i.e. Figure 1 In the horizontal direction, the terms "upstream" or "above" or similar terms refer to the direction close to the wellhead, and the terms "downstream" or "below" or similar terms refer to the direction away from the wellhead.

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatically replaceable drill bit device according to the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the automatically replaceable drill bit device 100 according to the present invention includes a drill tool 10 , a drill bit assembly 40 rotatably mounted in the drill tool 10 , and a control unit 60 for controlling the rotation of the drill bit assembly 40 .

[0025] The drilling tool 10 comprises a body 12 which is a hollow cylinder. A rotary buckle 11 is provided on the surface of the body 12, the function of which will be described below.

[0026] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the automatically replaceable drill bit device according to the present invention, showing a first drill bit 20 and a second drill bit 30 connected by a telescopic rod 42. Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit assembly 40 includes a first drill bit 20 and a second drill bit 30, and the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 are connected by a telescopic rod 42. The first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 are both configured in a substantially hemispherical shape and have substantially the same structure and size. Figure 1 In the initial state of the automatically replaceable drill bit device 100 shown, the first drill bit 20 is outside the drill tool 10 and can perform a drilling operation; while the second drill bit 30 is inside the drill tool 10 and can perform a drilling operation; Figure 1 Not visible in.

[0027] It is easy to understand that since the second drill bit 30 is located inside the drilling tool 10 , the maximum outer diameters of the first drill bit 2 and the second drill bit 30 are both smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical drilling tool 10 .

[0028] In addition, if Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit assembly 40 also includes a rotating rod 41, so that the drill bit assembly 40 as a whole can rotate around the rotating rod 41. The rotating rod 41 is connected to the control unit 60 on one hand, and is docked with the rotating buckle 11 on the other hand. When the first drill bit 20 is worn, the control unit 60 can drive the rotating rod 41 to rotate, thereby driving the entire drill bit assembly 40 including the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 to rotate around the rotating rod 41. Thus, after the entire drill bit assembly 40 rotates, the first drill bit 20 rotates to the inside of the drill tool 10, and the second drill bit 30 rotates to the outside of the drill tool 10, so that the drilling operation can be performed. In this way, the automatically replaceable drill bit device 100 according to the present invention can realize automatic replacement of the drill bit, thereby ensuring the safety of the drill bit during use.

[0029] According to the present invention, the rotating rod 41 is connected to the rotating buckle 11 so that the rotating rod 41 can only rotate 180 degrees, that is, just enough to swap the positions of the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30. It is easy to understand that the structure of the rotating buckle 11 is well known to those skilled in the art, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drill bit assembly 40 further includes an inwardly recessed telescopic slot 21 disposed within the first drill bit 20. A telescopic rod 42 is disposed within the telescopic slot 21. Furthermore, the telescopic rod 42 is connected to a control unit 60, and can be driven by the control unit 60 to perform telescopic movement in the longitudinal direction.

[0031] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, in the automatically replaceable drill bit device 100 according to the present invention, the second drill bit is in the drilling tool 10, and the telescopic rod 42 is extended, so that the first drill bit 20 is completely outside the drilling tool 10. This state is the first state in which the first drill bit 20 can be used for drilling operations.

[0032] After the first drill bit 20 wears out, the control unit 60 can retract the telescopic rod 42 in response to a command and actuate the entire drill bit assembly 40, including the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30, to rotate about the rotating rod 41, so that the first drill bit 20 is inside the drilling tool 10 and the second drill bit is outside the drilling tool 10. This is the second state after the rotating rod 41 has rotated 180 degrees, in which drilling operations can be performed using the second drill bit 30.

[0033] In this way, the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 complete the transition from the first state to the second state at the drilling tool 10. The entire transition process can be completed underground without repeated tripping. This not only improves work efficiency but also effectively ensures user safety during the drilling process.

[0034] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a partial schematic diagram of the automatically replaceable drill bit device according to the present invention, showing a blade telescopic rod capable of extending the blade out of the blade slot or retracting the blade into the blade slot. Figure 4 As shown, the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 each include a plurality of blades 50 that can be extended and retracted, a blade slot 51 for accommodating the blades 50, and a blade telescopic rod 52 arranged in the blade slot 51 to enable the blade 50 to extend out of the blade slot 51 or retract into the blade slot 51.

[0035] In such Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 are each provided with blade slots 51 in four symmetrical directions along the circumference. Each blade slot 51 is provided with a blade telescopic rod 52 connecting the blade 50. Furthermore, the size of the blade 50 matches the size of the blade slot 51.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in the initial state of the automatically replaceable drill bit device 100 according to the present invention, the blade 50 of the first drill bit 20 is extended, and the blade 50 of the second drill bit 30 is retracted. At this time, the telescopic rod 42 is longitudinally extended. This state is the first state in which the first drill bit 20 can be used for drilling operations.

[0037] Before the control unit 60 needs to drive the drill assembly 40 to rotate, the blade 50 provided on the first drill bit 20 is retracted, and the blade 50 provided on the second drill bit 30 remains retracted. At this time, the telescopic rod 42 is longitudinally contracted.

[0038] After the control unit 60 drives the drill bit assembly 40 to rotate, the blade 50 on the second drill bit 30 extends, while the blade on the first drill bit 20 remains retracted. At this time, the telescopic rod 42 extends longitudinally. This state is the second state in which the second drill bit 30 can be used for drilling operations.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the blade 50 is retracted into the blade slot 51, the outer surface of the blade 50 is within the outer surface of the first drill bit 20 or the second drill bit 30. In this way, the blade 50 can be protected to prevent it from being damaged by accidental collision during the process.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 are both hemispherical. After the telescopic rod 42 is retracted, the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 together form a substantially spherical body, wherein the outer diameter of the sphere is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill tool 10, thereby facilitating the rotation of the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 within the drill tool 10. It should be noted that the term "substantially spherical" encompasses various shapes that approximate a sphere.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 60 is disposed in a sealed cavity within the second drill bit 30. In this way, the waterproof performance of the control unit 60 having the function of controlling the extension and rotation of the drill bit assembly 40 in the automatically replaceable drill bit device 100 is ensured.

[0042] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control element in the automatically replaceable drill bit device according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the control unit 60 includes a pressure sensor 61, which is used to issue a command when the detected pressure is abnormal to actuate the rotation of the drill bit assembly 40. In this way, the automatically replaceable drill bit device 100 can complete the automatic rotation of the drill bit underground.

[0043] Although a pressure sensor 61 is provided in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention to issue instructions to actuate the drill bit assembly 40 to rotate, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that other different types of sensors, such as temperature sensors, photosensors, etc., or instruction transmission devices similar to sensors can also be provided in the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the control unit 60 also includes: a master control device 70, which is used to send signals to the first drill bit 20, the second drill bit 30 or the drill bit assembly 40 respectively; a rotating component 72, which is connected to the rotating rod 41, and is used to control the rotation of the entire drill bit assembly 40 including the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30; a connecting component 71, which is used to connect the various components in the control unit 60; and a power supply component 73, which provides energy to the various components in the control unit 60.

[0045] In the automatically replaceable drill bit device 100 according to the present invention, as Figure 3 As shown, the pressure sensor 61, power supply assembly 73, master control unit 70, and rotating assembly 72 are connected in a ring-shaped manner by a connecting assembly 71. Specifically, the pressure sensor 61 is connected to the power supply assembly 73 and the rotating assembly 72, respectively, and the master control unit 70 is connected to the power supply assembly 73 and the rotating assembly 72, respectively.

[0046] The process of automatically replacing a drill bit using the automatically replaceable drill bit device 100 according to the present invention is specifically as follows.

[0047] In the first state described above, the first drill bit 20 is outside the drill string 10, while the second drill bit is inside. Downhole rock breaking operations are performed using the first drill bit 20, and the pressure sensor 61 receives and transmits in real time the resistance encountered by the first drill bit 20 during downhole operations. If the first drill bit 20 encounters a hard formation and becomes difficult to advance, or if a signal indicating damage is received, the pressure sensor 61 issues a command to the master control unit 70.

[0048] The master control unit 70 sends a retraction signal to the first drill bit 20. At this point, the first drill bit 20, controlled by the telescopic rod 42, retracts into the telescopic slot 21. Simultaneously, the blade telescopic rod 52 on the first drill bit 20 controls the blade 50 to retract into the blade slot 51 until the outer surface of the blade 50 is within the outer surface of the first drill bit 20.

[0049] The master control unit 70 then sends a rotation signal to the drill bit assembly 40, causing the rotation assembly 72 to rotate the rotation rod 41, thereby rotating the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30. At this point, the rotation buckle 11 on the drilling tool 10 controls the rotation rod 41 to rotate exactly 180 degrees, causing the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 to rotate exactly 180 degrees. This way, the first drill bit 20 is inside the drilling tool 10, while the second drill bit is outside.

[0050] Then, the master control device 70 sends an extension signal to the second drill bit 30, and the blade extension rod 52 on the second drill bit 30 controls the blade 50 to extend from the blade slot 51 and be placed outside the blade slot 51. At the same time, the extension rod 42 is extended, so that the second drill bit 30 is in the Figure 1 . From now on, the drill bit automatic replacement work of the drill bit device 100 that can be automatically replaced is completed. Now, this drill bit device 100 can continue to use the second drill bit 30 to carry out drilling operation on hard rock formation.

[0051] In an unillustrated embodiment of the present invention, the first drill bit 20 and the second drill bit 30 are different types of drill bits, each having different drilling effects on rock formations with different geological conditions. In this manner, the drill bit assembly can automatically change drill bits underground based on the geological conditions of the rock formation, thereby using different drill bits to drill different rock formations.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may easily make changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention, and such changes or modifications should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatically replaceable drill bit device (100), comprising a drill tool (10), a drill bit assembly (40) rotatably mounted in the drill tool (10), and a control unit (60) for controlling the rotation of the drill bit assembly (40). The drill bit assembly (40) includes a first drill bit (20) and a second drill bit (30) connected by a telescopic rod (42), the first drill bit (20) is located outside the drill tool (10), and the second drill bit (30) is located inside the drill tool (10), and the first drill bit (20) and the second drill bit (30) each include a plurality of blades (50) that can be extended and retracted. The control unit (60) is configured to actuate the drill bit assembly (40) to rotate in response to an instruction, so that the first drill bit (20) is located inside the drilling tool (10) and the second drill bit is located outside the drilling tool (10). The drill bit assembly (40) further includes a rotating rod (41), which can be driven by the control unit (60) to drive the drill bit assembly (40) to rotate. A rotating buckle (11) is provided on the drilling tool (10), and the rotating buckle (11) is correspondingly connected to the rotating rod (41), so that the rotating rod can only rotate 180 degrees.

2. The automatically replaceable drill bit device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit assembly (40) further comprises a telescopic slot (21), the telescopic rod (42) being arranged in the telescopic slot (21) and being driven by the control unit (60) to perform telescopic movement.

3. The automatically replaceable drill bit device according to claim 1, wherein: In the initial state of the automatically replaceable drill bit device (100), the blade (50) of the first drill bit (20) is extended, the blade (50) of the second drill bit (30) is retracted, and the telescopic rod (42) is extended; Before the drill bit assembly (40) rotates, the blade (50) of the first drill bit (20) is retracted and the telescopic rod (42) is retracted; After the drill bit assembly (40) rotates, the blade (50) of the second drill bit (30) extends and the telescopic rod (42) is extended.

4. The automatically replaceable drill bit device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first drill bit (20) and the second drill bit (30) both further include a blade slot (51) for accommodating the blade (50), and a blade telescopic rod (52) disposed in the blade slot (51) for extending the blade (50) out of the blade slot (51) or retracting the blade (50) into the blade slot (51).

5. The automatically replaceable drill bit device according to claim 4, characterized in that: When retracted into the blade slot (51), the outer surface of the blade (50) is located within the outer surface of the first drill bit (20) or the second drill bit (30).

6. The automatically replaceable drill bit device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The control unit (60) includes a pressure sensor (61) for issuing an instruction to actuate the drill bit assembly (40) to rotate when the detected pressure is abnormal.

7. The automatically replaceable drill bit device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first drill bit (20) and the second drill bit (30) are both configured to be hemispherical, so that after the telescopic rod (42) is retracted, the first drill bit (20) and the second drill bit (30) together form a roughly sphere, and the outer diameter of the sphere is smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling tool (10).

8. The automatically replaceable drill bit device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The control unit (60) is disposed in a sealed chamber within the second drill bit (30).

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