A precise time-delay, altitude-controlled detonation control system and detonation method for airborne fire extinguishing bombs.

Abstract

This invention relates to a precise time-delay, altitude-controlled detonation control system and detonation method for airborne fire extinguishing bombs. The fire extinguishing bomb is suspended from an aircraft via an electromagnetic signal-controlled hook. The aircraft hovers above the fire area on the ground and measures its hovering altitude H. An intelligent detonator charges the energy storage capacitor within the fire extinguishing bomb. A predetermined detonation altitude h is input, and the detonation is performed according to the formula t=[2(H−h) / g]. 0.5 The calculated detonation delay time t is stored in the control chip. After charging is complete, the electromagnetic signal controls the hook to open and release the fire extinguishing bomb to fall freely. The pull plug between the detonator and the smart detonator is disconnected. The control chip starts a countdown based on the detonation delay time t. When the detonation delay time t is reached, the fire extinguishing bomb falls to the predetermined detonation height h. The control chip triggers the energy storage capacitor to discharge to the detonator, detonating the fire extinguishing bomb to extinguish the fire. By precisely controlling the detonation time, the purpose of controlling the detonation height of the fire extinguishing bomb is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of forest fire prevention and control technology, and relates to an initiation control system for airborne fire extinguishing bombs, particularly a control method for precise delayed and fixed-altitude initiation of airborne fire extinguishing bombs. Background Technology

[0002] Forest and grassland fires ignite rapidly, cover large areas, and are extremely difficult to extinguish, posing a global challenge. The key to successful firefighting lies in the precise delivery and widespread dispersion of extinguishing agents over the fire area. Currently, using drones, helicopters, and other firefighting aircraft armed with fire extinguishing agents has become an important method for forest and grassland fire prevention and control.

[0003] If the extinguishing agent can be released at a certain advantageous altitude after being dropped from an aircraft, it can greatly increase the dispersion range and coverage area of ​​the extinguishing agent, which is of great significance for suppressing and controlling forest fires.

[0004] The difficulty of achieving this technology is also extremely high. In military applications, aerial bombs typically use proximity fuses to continuously detect the bomb's altitude above the ground during its descent, thereby achieving a fixed-altitude detonation.

[0005] However, proximity fuses are not suitable for use in fire extinguishing bombs. On the one hand, due to the complexity of proximity fuse technology, the stringent conditions for disarming, and the high price, they have not yet been practically applied in airborne forest and grassland fire extinguishing equipment. On the other hand, the ground conditions in forest and grassland fire sites are complex, and the height of the site cannot be accurately detected due to the influence of tree canopies, mounds, etc.

[0006] CN 211015079U, "A Delayed Detonation System for Fire Extinguishing Aerial Bombs," proposes a technical solution that uses temperature sensors to detect high-temperature information in forest fires to achieve delayed detonation of fire extinguishing aerial bombs. However, due to the high uncertainty of the size and temperature of the fire area, this technology suffers from problems such as large uncertainty in the detection process, difficulty in matching the sensor accuracy with the falling speed of the aerial bomb, and inability to accurately determine the altitude for detonation. Furthermore, if the fire extinguishing aerial bomb happens to land in a non-high-temperature area, there is also a safety risk of creating a "dud."

[0007] CN 201760012U “An airburst forest fire extinguishing aerial bomb” uses a dual fuse technology of impact-bomb fuse and time fuse. After the aerial bomb lands, it explodes and is thrown up. The time fuse detonates the aerial bomb and ejects the fire extinguishing agent. This dual fuse not only makes the cost of the aerial bomb too high, but also the detonation height and dispersion effect are greatly affected by the landing conditions (hardness, flatness, etc.). Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precise time-delay, altitude-controlled detonation control system and detonation method for airborne fire extinguishing bombs. By accurately measuring the time delay at different altitudes during the descent of the fire extinguishing bomb, the system controls the fire extinguishing bomb to detonate and release the extinguishing agent precisely at the optimal altitude.

[0009] The airborne fire extinguishing bomb precision delay and fixed altitude detonation control system and detonation method described in this invention are based on years of military technology accumulation and fire fighting practice. It introduces precise time control technology of control chip into the airborne fire extinguishing bomb. By accurately calculating the time of the fire extinguishing bomb falling to different heights, it achieves accurate delay measurement of the fire extinguishing bomb at different heights during the fall process, and finally achieves precise control of the fire extinguishing bomb detonation at the optimal release height of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the airborne fire extinguishing bomb precision delay altitude-holding detonation control system of the present invention consists of a flight control system, an intelligent detonator, an optical pod, a ranging millimeter-wave radar fixedly installed on the aircraft, a detonator with a built-in control chip and energy storage capacitor installed on the fire extinguishing bomb, and an electromagnetic signal control hook on the aircraft for fixing the fire extinguishing bomb.

[0011] The flight control system comprises two parts: a ground control system and a flight control cabin. The flight control cabin is fixedly installed on the aircraft and maintains communication with the ground control system via wireless communication, and receives instructions from the ground control system.

[0012] The optical pod and millimeter-wave ranging radar are respectively connected to the flight control cabin circuitry, and transmit signals and data with the ground control system through the flight control cabin. This is used to transmit the infrared or visual signals collected by the optical pod and the altitude signals collected by the millimeter-wave ranging radar to the flight control cabin and wirelessly to the ground control system.

[0013] One end of the intelligent detonator is connected to the flight control cabin circuit, and the other end is connected to the detonator on the fire extinguishing bomb via a circuit with a pull-out plug, so as to achieve normal information transmission.

[0014] Similar to conventional fire extinguishing bombs, the airborne fire extinguishing bomb of this invention contains a detonator, a central detonating tube, and a dry powder extinguishing agent within its casing. The detonator ignites the central detonating tube, causing the bomb casing to burst and dispersing the dry powder extinguishing agent, thus achieving its fire extinguishing function. However, unlike conventional fire extinguishing bombs, the energy storage capacitor built into the detonator of this invention is normally de-energized and cannot trigger the detonator. Only when the detonator is connected to an intelligent detonator mounted on the aircraft via a circuit with a pull-out plug can the intelligent detonator send delay setting commands to the control chip built into the detonator and charge the energy storage capacitor.

[0015] The control chip starts timing the instant the fire extinguishing bomb separates from the aircraft and the plug is pulled out.

[0016] The electromagnetic signal control hook is connected to the flight control cabin circuitry, and commands are issued from the flight control cabin to control the opening and closing of the hook. The fire extinguishing bomb is mounted on and secured to the electromagnetic signal control hook, with the hook in the closed state.

[0017] Furthermore, the airborne fire extinguishing bomb precision delay and altitude-controlled detonation control system of the present invention also includes a key identification system installed on the intelligent detonator, which is powered on after executing the key-bearing command from the flight control cabin.

[0018] The key function is that the control chip inside the detonator of this invention only receives the detonation signal with the set key waveform, and does not respond to other interference signals such as electrostatic, radio frequency, and stray current. This ensures that the fire extinguishing bomb will not have a premature detonation accident that could lead to an accident before the detonation (or ignition) signal of the specific waveform is issued, thus ensuring the safety of personnel handling and aircraft flight.

[0019] The aircraft mentioned can be a firefighting helicopter or a drone.

[0020] The method for precisely delaying and detonating fire extinguishing bombs using the airborne fire extinguishing bomb precision delay and altitude-controlled detonation system described in this invention includes:

[0021] The fire extinguishing bomb is suspended and fixed on the aircraft by an electromagnetic signal control hook, at which point the electromagnetic signal control hook is in a closed state.

[0022] After takeoff, the aircraft uses its onboard visible light and infrared sensors to detect the fire area on the ground and transmits the detection signals to the flight control system.

[0023] The flight control system controls the aircraft to fly over the fire area on the ground and enter a hovering state;

[0024] The ranging millimeter-wave radar on board the aircraft accurately determines the hovering altitude H of the aircraft and transmits it to the flight control system;

[0025] The flight control system sends a charging signal to the intelligent detonator to charge the energy storage capacitor installed inside the detonator, and inputs the predetermined detonation height h;

[0026] The intelligent detonator is based on the formula: t = [2(H−h) / g] 0.5 The delayed detonation time t is calculated and stored in the control chip;

[0027] After charging is complete, the flight control system issues a bomb release command to the electromagnetic signal control hook. The electromagnetic signal control hook opens and releases the fire extinguishing bomb. The fire extinguishing bomb falls freely and, relying on gravity, disconnects the pull plug between the detonator and the smart detonator. The control chip starts a countdown based on the delayed detonation time t.

[0028] When the delayed detonation time t is reached, the fire extinguishing bomb falls to the predetermined detonation height h. The control chip triggers the energy storage capacitor to discharge to the detonator, which then detonates the fire extinguishing bomb to extinguish the fire.

[0029] The instructions issued by the flight control system can be issued directly by the flight control cabin or issued by the ground control system to the flight control cabin.

[0030] The detonation altitude of airborne fire extinguishing bombs directly affects aircraft safety and fire extinguishing effectiveness. The precise delayed altitude-controlled detonation method of this invention not only ensures aircraft safety but also releases the extinguishing agent at the optimal altitude for the best fire extinguishing effect.

[0031] Specifically, when an airborne fire extinguishing bomb is mounted on an aircraft, the electronic chip in its intelligent detonator is pre-programmed with a key containing a specific electrical signal waveform and a delay time calculated based on the bomb's drop altitude and a preset detonation altitude. When the aircraft drops the fire extinguishing bomb, the detonator with the control chip begins its delay timer. When it descends to the appropriate altitude for the release of the fire extinguishing agent, the energy storage capacitor automatically discharges, detonating the detonator and igniting the explosive in the fire extinguishing bomb that drives the dispersion of the fire extinguishing agent. The blast shockwave and high-pressure gas rapidly drive the fire extinguishing agent to disperse over a large area, achieving rapid fire extinguishing over a wide area.

[0032] This invention provides a technology that can precisely control the detonation height of airborne fire extinguishing bombs after they are dropped. The precise delayed height-controlled detonation technology of this invention achieves the purpose of controlling the detonation height by precisely controlling the detonation time. The delay start accuracy can be controlled at the millisecond level, with a maximum of 1 millisecond. The height error of the fire extinguishing bomb detonating and releasing the fire extinguishing agent can be controlled within ±1 meter.

[0033] This invention not only solves the technical problem of fixed-height detonation and release of extinguishing agents in airborne fire extinguishing bombs for forest and grassland fire fighting, but also has the advantage of precise control of detonation height. In addition, it has the advantages of simple structure, safety and reliability, low cost, convenient use and operation, and good safety, and has good prospects for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the airborne fire extinguishing bomb precise delay and fixed altitude detonation control system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on the other component. Similarly, when a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0037] The various instruments, equipment, raw materials or reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are not subject to any special restrictions on their source, and are all conventional products that can be purchased through legitimate commercial channels.

[0038] The present invention relates to a precise time-delay, altitude-controlled detonation control system for airborne fire extinguishing bombs installed on aircraft, as shown in the following figure. Figure 1 It mainly includes fire extinguishing bomb 1, hook 2, flight control cabin 3, intelligent detonator 4, optical pod 5, ranging millimeter-wave radar 6, etc.

[0039] The flight control cabin 3, together with the ground control system, forms the flight control system. It maintains contact with the ground control system via wireless communication and receives instructions from the ground control system.

[0040] The fire extinguishing bomb 1 contains a detonator, a central detonator, and a dry powder extinguishing agent. The detonator is installed at the head of the fire extinguishing bomb and connected to the intelligent detonator 4 via a circuit with a pull-out plug. A control chip and an energy storage capacitor are installed inside the detonator.

[0041] The hook 2 is an electromagnetically controlled hook, and its opening and closing are controlled by the ground control system through commands issued by the flight control cabin 3. Before the aircraft takes off, the fire extinguishing bomb 1 is mounted on the hook 2 and secured.

[0042] The intelligent detonator 4 has a specially designed circuit board built in. One end is connected to the flight control cabin 3 via a circuit. It executes commands from the flight control cabin 3 through software and has intelligent functions such as analysis, judgment, delay setting, and self-testing. The other end is connected to the detonator on the fire extinguishing bomb 1 via a circuit with a pull-out plug to achieve normal information transmission.

[0043] The optical pod 5 and the millimeter-wave ranging radar 6 are both electrically connected to the flight control cabin 3, and transmit signals and data with the ground control system through the flight control cabin 3. This is used to transmit the infrared or visual signals collected by the optical pod and the altitude signals collected by the millimeter-wave ranging radar to the flight control cabin and wirelessly to the ground control system.

[0044] The fixed-altitude detonation of the fire extinguishing grenade after its deployment is achieved by precisely controlling the delay time that begins when the grenade separates from the aircraft. Specifically, the command reception and information transmission in the precise delayed fixed-altitude detonation system of this invention employ a special key waveform, preventing the transmission of other forms of electromagnetic energy and information within this system.

[0045] After the aircraft flies to the vicinity of the forest and grassland fire area, the optical pod 5 uses visible light and infrared sensors to detect the fire area near the ground. After the detection signal is transmitted back to the ground control system, the ground control system issues a command to the flight control cabin 3 to guide the aircraft to fly over the fire area and enter a hovering state. The hovering altitude H of the aircraft is accurately measured by the ranging millimeter-wave radar 6.

[0046] The ground control system sends a charging signal to the smart detonator 4 via the flight control cabin 3 using a key, and inputs the predetermined detonation altitude data h.

[0047] At this point, the intelligent detonator 4 commands the control chip to begin charging the energy storage capacitor, simultaneously according to the formula t = [2(Hh) / g]. 0.5 The calculated delayed detonation time t is stored in the control chip. In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, and the meanings of other symbols have been explained in the text.

[0048] After charging is complete, the ground control system checks the overall circuit and confirms that all parts of the circuit are properly connected. Then, it issues a bomb-dropping command to hook 2, which opens and releases fire extinguishing bomb 1.

[0049] When the fire extinguishing bomb 1 falls freely, gravity pulls the plug between the detonator at the head of the bomb body and the smart detonator 4, and the control chip starts the delayed detonation countdown.

[0050] Fire extinguishing bomb 1 continues to fall freely. After the delayed detonation time is reached, the control chip commands the energy storage capacitor to discharge to the detonator. The detonator detonates instantly and ignites the fire extinguishing bomb, which corresponds to the predetermined detonation height h.

[0051] Fire extinguishing bomb 1 was detonated in mid-air, and the extinguishing agent dispersed in all directions, forming a cloud of extinguishing agent covering the forest and grassland fire area for large-scale fire suppression.

[0052] It should be noted that the method described in this invention controls the detonation height of forest and grassland fire extinguishing bombs or other fire extinguishing devices by controlling the delay time. Other devices or applications that, although not used for forest and grassland fire extinguishing, achieve fixed-height detonation by controlling the free fall time based on the technical principles of this invention, also fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0053] The above embodiments of the present invention do not describe all details exhaustively, nor do they limit the present invention to the embodiments described above. Various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made by those skilled in the art to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airborne fire extinguishing bomb precision delay and altitude-fixed detonation control system, which consists of a flight control system, an intelligent detonator, an optical pod, a ranging millimeter-wave radar fixedly installed on the aircraft, a detonator with a built-in control chip and energy storage capacitor installed on the fire extinguishing bomb, a key identification system installed on the intelligent detonator, and an electromagnetic signal control hook on the aircraft for fixing the fire extinguishing bomb. The flight control system comprises two parts: a ground control system and a flight control cabin. The flight control cabin is fixedly installed on the aircraft, maintains communication with the ground control system via wireless communication, and receives commands from the ground control system. The optical pod and millimeter-wave ranging radar are respectively connected to the flight control cabin circuitry, and transmit signals and data with the ground control system through the flight control cabin. This is used to transmit the infrared or visual signals collected by the optical pod and the altitude signal H collected by the millimeter-wave ranging radar to the flight control cabin and wirelessly to the ground control system. The key recognition system installed on the intelligent detonator is powered on after executing the key-equipped command from the flight control cabin, charging the energy storage capacitor installed in the detonator, and inputting the predetermined detonation height h; The intelligent detonator is connected at one end to the flight control cabin circuitry and at the other end to the detonator on the fire extinguishing bomb via a circuit with a pull-out plug, enabling normal information transmission; the intelligent detonator operates according to the formula: t = [2(Hh) / g] 0.5 The delayed detonation time t is calculated and stored in the control chip; The electromagnetic signal control hook is connected to the flight control cabin circuitry, and commands are issued from the flight control cabin to control the opening and closing of the hook.

2. The airborne fire extinguishing bomb precise delay and altitude-controlled detonation control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aircraft in question is either a firefighting helicopter or a drone.

3. A method for precisely delaying and detonating a fire extinguishing bomb using the airborne fire extinguishing bomb precision delay and altitude-controlled detonation system as described in claim 1, comprising: The fire extinguishing bomb is suspended and fixed on the aircraft by an electromagnetic signal control hook, at which point the electromagnetic signal control hook is in a closed state. After takeoff, the aircraft uses its onboard visible light and infrared sensors to detect the fire area on the ground and transmits the detection signals to the flight control system. The flight control system controls the aircraft to fly over the fire area on the ground and enter a hovering state; The ranging millimeter-wave radar on board the aircraft accurately determines the hovering altitude H of the aircraft and transmits it to the flight control system; The flight control system sends a charging signal to the intelligent detonator to charge the energy storage capacitor installed inside the detonator, and inputs the predetermined detonation height h; The intelligent detonator is based on the formula: t = [2(Hh) / g] 0.5 The delayed detonation time t is calculated and stored in the control chip; After charging is complete, the flight control system issues a bomb release command to the electromagnetic signal control hook. The electromagnetic signal control hook opens and releases the fire extinguishing bomb. The fire extinguishing bomb falls freely and, relying on gravity, disconnects the pull plug between the detonator and the smart detonator. The control chip starts a countdown based on the delayed detonation time t. When the delayed detonation time t is reached, the fire extinguishing bomb falls to the predetermined detonation height h. The control chip triggers the energy storage capacitor to discharge to the detonator, which then detonates the fire extinguishing bomb to extinguish the fire.

4. The precise time-delayed altitude-controlled detonation method according to claim 3, wherein the instructions issued by the flight control system are either directly issued by the flight control cabin or issued by the ground control system to the flight control cabin.

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