A friction layer of a nanogenerator and a preparation method thereof and application thereof in a friction nanogenerator
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DALIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
- Filing Date
- 2021-07-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
Smart Images
Figure CN115694245B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to a friction layer for a nanogenerator, its preparation method, and its application in a triboelectric nanogenerator, belonging to the field of self-powered energy conversion technology. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous development of modern life, the environmental pollution and energy shortage problems facing humanity are becoming increasingly severe. The production, transportation, and processing of products inevitably emit waste gases and consume large amounts of energy. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), first proposed by Professor Wang Zhonglin in 2012, can be used to harvest energy from various forms released in production and daily life, including human activity, mechanical transmission, hydropower, and wind power. The existence of triboelectric nanogenerators offers a novel solution to environmental and energy problems and points to a new direction for the rapidly developing Internet of Things (IoT) construction. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This invention provides a triboelectric power generation device, which is a multi-unit wave-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator that can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy to power small electrical devices such as sensors, alarms, and light-emitting devices; it can also be applied to portable generators in everyday devices.
[0004] According to one aspect of this application, a friction layer for a nanogenerator is provided, said friction layer being a positive friction layer or a negative friction layer;
[0005] The positive friction layer is obtained by impregnating Whatman filter paper with a conductive polymer, wherein the loading of the conductive polymer on the Whatman filter paper is 1–1000 mg / cm³. 2 ;
[0006] The negative friction layer is obtained by impregnating Whatman filter paper with a non-conductive polymer and then drying it, wherein the loading of the non-conductive polymer on the Whatman filter paper is 1–1000 mg / cm³. 2 The positive friction layer has a weak ability to retain electrons, while the negative friction layer has a strong ability to retain electrons.
[0007] The conductive polymer is selected from one of polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene;
[0008] The non-conductive polymer is selected from at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, and nitrocellulose.
[0009] According to another aspect of this application, a method for preparing a friction layer is provided, the method comprising: dropping a solution containing a polymer onto Whatman filter paper to obtain a positive friction layer and a negative friction layer, wherein the polymer is a conductive polymer or a non-conductive polymer.
[0010] The method for preparing the positive friction layer includes: adding a solution containing monomers of a conductive polymer and an oxidant to Whatman filter paper, allowing the monomers of the conductive polymer and the oxidant to react on the Whatman filter paper, and then drying.
[0011] Optionally, the Whatman filter paper has a length of 0.5–10 cm and a width of 0.5–10 cm;
[0012] Optionally, the conductive polymer monomer is selected from one of pyrrole, aniline, and thiophene;
[0013] The oxidant is selected from one of ferric chloride, ammonium persulfate, and potassium persulfate;
[0014] The molar ratio of the conductive polymer monomer to the oxidant solution is 0.001 to 10;
[0015] Further optionally, the upper limit of the mass ratio of the conductive polymer monomer to the oxidant solution can be independently selected from 6, 7, 8, 9, 10; the lower limit of the mass ratio of the conductive polymer monomer to the oxidant solution can be independently selected from 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1.
[0016] The concentration of the oxidant solution is 1–100 g / L;
[0017] Further optionally, the upper limit of the concentration of the oxidant solution can be independently selected from 100 g / L, 90 g / L, 80 g / L, 70 g / L, and 60 g / L; the lower limit of the concentration of the oxidant solution can be independently selected from 40 g / L, 30 g / L, 20 g / L, 10 g / L, and 1 g / L.
[0018] The reaction temperature is 0–10℃; the reaction time is 1–100 min.
[0019] Further optionally, the upper limit of the reaction temperature can be independently selected from 10℃, 9℃, 8℃, 7℃, and 6℃; the lower limit of the reaction temperature can be independently selected from 4℃, 3℃, 2℃, 1℃, and 0℃.
[0020] Further optionally, the upper limit of the reaction time can be independently selected from 100 min, 90 min, 80 min, 70 min, and 60 min; the lower limit of the reaction time can be independently selected from 40 min, 30 min, 20 min, 10 min, and 1 min.
[0021] The drying temperature is 30–80℃, and the drying time is 1–12 hours.
[0022] Further optionally, the drying temperature can be independently selected from 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, and 80°C;
[0023] Further optionally, the upper limit of the drying time can be independently selected from 8h, 9h, 10h, 11h, and 12h; the lower limit of the drying time can be independently selected from 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, and 5h.
[0024] Optionally, the method for preparing the negative friction layer includes: dropping a mixed solution containing a non-conductive polymer onto Whatman filter paper and then drying it.
[0025] Optionally, the Whatman filter paper has a length of 0.5–10 cm and a width of 0.5–10 cm;
[0026] The concentration of the mixed solution is 1–100 g / L;
[0027] Further optionally, the upper limit of the concentration of the mixed solution can be independently selected from 100 g / L, 90 g / L, 80 g / L, 70 g / L, and 60 g / L; the lower limit of the concentration of the mixed solution can be independently selected from 40 g / L, 30 g / L, 20 g / L, 10 g / L, and 1 g / L.
[0028] The volume of the mixed solution is 1–1000 μL;
[0029] Further optionally, the upper limit of the volume of the mixed solution can be independently selected from 1000μL, 950μL, 900μL, 850μL, and 800μL; the lower limit of the volume of the mixed solution can be independently selected from 200μL, 150μL, 100μL, 50μL, and 1μL.
[0030] The mixed solution is prepared by mixing a non-conductive polymer with an organic solvent;
[0031] The organic solvent is selected from one of methanol, ethanol, acetone, and dimethylformamide;
[0032] The drying temperature is 50–150°C, and the drying time is 30–100 min.
[0033] Further optionally, the upper limit of the drying temperature can be independently selected from 150℃, 140℃, 130℃, 120℃, and 100℃; the lower limit of the drying temperature can be independently selected from 90℃, 80℃, 70℃, 60℃, and 50℃.
[0034] Further optionally, the upper limit of the drying time can be independently selected from 100min, 95min, 90min, 85min, and 80min; the lower limit of the drying time can be independently selected from 50min, 45min, 40min, 35min, and 30min.
[0035] According to another aspect of this application, a triboelectric nanogenerator is provided, the triboelectric nanogenerator comprising:
[0036] An insulating film substrate, wherein the insulating film substrate is continuously wavy along the unfolding direction of the insulating film, and the wave comprises N wave units;
[0037] The friction layer is either a positive friction layer or a negative friction layer, and the friction layer is selected from at least one of the aforementioned friction layers and friction layers prepared by the aforementioned preparation method;
[0038] Electrode layer;
[0039] And wires, which are respectively connected to the electrode layer and the external device;
[0040] The wave unit is composed of wave height membrane segment I, wave crest membrane segment, wave height membrane segment II, and wave base membrane segment in sequence.
[0041] The wave height film segment I includes two sides, with the side closer to the wave height film segment II being the inner side I and the side farther away from the wave height film segment II being the outer side I; the inner side I is provided with an electrode layer and a friction layer I in sequence from the inside to the outside; the outer side I is provided with an electrode layer and a friction layer with the opposite polarity to the friction layer I in sequence from the inside to the outside.
[0042] The wave height film segment II includes two sides, with the side closer to the wave height film segment I being the inner side II and the side farther away from the wave height film segment I being the outer side II; the inner side II is provided with an electrode layer and a friction layer II in sequence from the inside to the outside; the outer side II is provided with an electrode layer and a friction layer with the opposite polarity to the friction layer II in sequence from the inside to the outside.
[0043] The friction layer I on the inner surface I has the opposite polarity to the friction layer II on the inner surface II;
[0044] The friction layer on the outer surface II at the junction of two adjacent wave units has the opposite polarity to the friction layer on the outer surface I.
[0045] Optionally, the insulating film substrate is selected from one of polyimide film, nylon film, polyvinyl chloride film, and polypropylene film.
[0046] Optionally, the conductor is selected from copper conductors, silver conductors, and aluminum conductors.
[0047] According to another aspect of this application, a method for preparing the aforementioned triboelectric nanogenerator is provided, the method comprising the following steps:
[0048] (1) Fold the insulating film substrate along the unfolding direction of the insulating film into N wave units, where N≥1;
[0049] (2) In the wave unit, the inner side I and outer side I of wave height film segment I are respectively attached to electrode layers; the inner side II and outer side II of wave height film segment II are respectively attached to electrode layers.
[0050] (3) Connect the wires to the electrode layer;
[0051] (4) The friction layer is attached to the electrode layer to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator.
[0052] The triboelectric nanogenerator can be used as a power supply device for small electrical devices; or as a portable everyday device.
[0053] The triboelectric nanogenerator is selected from at least one of the triboelectric nanogenerators;
[0054] The small electrical device includes at least one of a sensor, an alarm, and a light-emitting device.
[0055] The beneficial effects that this application can produce include:
[0056] 1) The self-powered device of the present invention can directly convert mechanical energy generated in daily life into electrical energy for powering other devices.
[0057] 2) This equipment is easy to operate and manufacture, and the raw materials are common and inexpensive, making it suitable for widespread use in production and daily life. Attached Figure Description
[0058] Figure 1 This is a wave unit with an insulating film folded as shown in Example 2.
[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the four-unit structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in Example 2.
[0060] Figure 3 The diagram shows the power generation current of the eight-unit triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in Example 3.
[0061] Figure 4 The diagram shows the power generation voltage of the eight-unit triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in Example 3.
[0062] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the two-unit triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in Example 4. Detailed Implementation
[0063] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.
[0064] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the embodiments of this application were purchased through commercial channels.
[0065] Example 1
[0066] The preparation of the triboelectric nanogenerator triboelectric layer includes the following steps:
[0067] Positive friction layer: Take a 3cm long and 3cm wide Whatman filter paper, add 30μL of pyrrole monomer, then add 30mL of ferric chloride solution with a concentration of 10g / L, react at 4℃ for 30 minutes, and then dry at 60℃ for 6 hours.
[0068] Negative friction layer: Dissolve 20g of polyvinylidene fluoride powder in 10mL of a common organic solvent such as dimethylformamide. Then take 50μL and add it dropwise onto Whatman filter paper, and dry at 100℃ for 30 minutes.
[0069] Example 2
[0070] Take a PI film 20cm long and 5cm wide, and fold it into 3 wavy units along the unfolding direction of the insulating film (see...). Figure 1 ), attach 3.5×3.5cm pieces to the inner and outer sides of the wave unit wave height membrane segment. 2 Copper foil tape and 0.5×10cm 2 One end of the aluminum foil is attached to the center of the copper foil tape as a conductor. The negative friction layer obtained in Example 1 is applied to the copper foil tape on the inner side of the wave height film segment I of the first wave unit; the positive friction layer obtained in Example 1 is applied to the copper foil tape on the inner side of the wave height film segment II of the first wave unit, and the negative friction layer obtained in Example 1 is applied to the copper foil tape on the outer side of the wave height film segment II. The pre-prepared positive and negative friction layers are alternately applied to the copper foil tapes of other units to obtain a four-unit nano-triboelectric generator. The structure is as follows: Figure 2 .
[0071] Example 3
[0072] Take a 32cm long and 5cm wide polyimide film, fold it into 8 corrugated units along the unfolding direction of the insulating film, and attach 3.5×3.5cm strips to the inner and outer sides of the corrugated unit's wave height section. 2 Copper foil tape, and 0.5×10cm 2 A section of aluminum foil is adhered to the center of copper foil tape as a conductor. The negative friction layer obtained in Example 1 is applied to the copper foil tape on the inner side of the wave height film segment I of the first wave unit; the positive friction layer obtained in Example 1 is applied to the copper foil tape on the inner side of the wave height film segment II of the first wave unit, and the negative friction layer obtained in Example 1 is applied to the copper foil tape on the outer side of the wave height film segment II. Then, the pre-prepared positive and negative friction layers are alternately applied to the copper foil tapes of other units to obtain an eight-unit nano-triboelectric generator. Using an oscillator as the vibration source, the following can be obtained: Figure 3 , Figure 4 The generated current and voltage shown are as follows: the peak current reaches 2.5 microamps and the peak voltage reaches 25 volts.
[0073] Example 4
[0074] Take a 10cm long and 5cm wide polyimide film, and fold it into two wavy units along the unfolding direction of the polyimide film. The wavy units have 3.5×3.5cm sections on both the inner and outer sides of the wave height section. 2 Copper foil tape, and 0.5×10cm 2 A section of aluminum foil is adhered to the center of copper foil tape as a conductor. The negative friction layer obtained in Example 1 is attached to the copper foil tape on the inner side of the wave height film segment I of the first wave unit; the positive friction layer obtained in Example 1 is attached to the copper foil tape on the inner side of the wave height film segment II of the first wave unit, and the negative friction layer obtained in Example 1 is attached to the copper foil tape on the outer side of the wave height film segment II. Then, in an alternating manner, the pre-prepared positive and negative friction layers are applied to the copper foil tapes of other units to obtain a two-unit nano-triboelectric generator. The specific structure is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.
[0075] The above description is merely a few embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application using the disclosed technical content are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.
Claims
1. A friction layer for a nanogenerator, characterized in that, The friction layer includes a positive friction layer and a negative friction layer; The positive friction layer is obtained by impregnating Whatman filter paper with conductive polymer and then drying it. The preparation process includes: adding a solution containing monomers of conductive polymer and oxidant to Whatman filter paper, so that the monomers of conductive polymer and oxidant react on Whatman filter paper, and then drying it after the reaction. The conductive polymer loading on the Whatman filter paper ranges from 1 to 1000 mg / cm³. 2 ; The negative friction layer is obtained by impregnating Whatman filter paper with a non-conductive polymer and then drying it. The preparation process includes: adding a mixed solution containing a non-conductive polymer onto Whatman filter paper and then drying it. The loading of non-conductive polymers on Whatman filter paper ranges from 1 to 1000 mg / cm³. 2 .
2. The friction layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive polymer is selected from one of polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene; The non-conductive polymer is selected from one of polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, and nitrocellulose.
3. The friction layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monomer of the conductive polymer is selected from one of pyrrole, aniline, and thiophene; The oxidant is selected from one of ferric chloride, ammonium persulfate, and potassium persulfate; The molar ratio of the monomer of the conductive polymer to the oxidant solution is 0.001~10; The concentration of the oxidant solution is 1~100 g / L; The reaction temperature is 0~10℃, and the reaction time is 1~100min; The drying temperature is 30~80℃, and the drying time is 1~12h.
4. The friction layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the mixed solution is 1~100 g / L; The volume of the mixed solution is 1~1000 uL; The mixed solution is prepared by mixing the non-conductive polymer with an organic solvent; The organic solvent is selected from one of methanol, ethanol, acetone, and dimethylformamide; The drying temperature is 50~150℃, and the drying time is 30~100min.
5. A triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, The triboelectric nanogenerator includes: An insulating film substrate, wherein the insulating film substrate is continuously wavy along the unfolding direction of the insulating film, and the wave comprises N wave units; The friction layer is either a positive friction layer or a negative friction layer, and the friction layer is selected from the friction layer described in any one of claims 1 to 4; Electrode layer; And wires, which are respectively connected to the electrode layer and the external device; The wave unit is composed of wave height membrane segment I, wave crest membrane segment, wave height membrane segment II, and wave base membrane segment in sequence. The wave height film segment I includes two sides, with the side closer to the wave height film segment II being the inner side I and the side farther away from the wave height film segment II being the outer side I; the inner side I is provided with an electrode layer and a friction layer I in sequence from the inside to the outside; the outer side I is provided with an electrode layer and a friction layer with the opposite polarity to the friction layer I in sequence from the inside to the outside. The wave height film segment II includes two sides, with the side closer to the wave height film segment I being the inner side II and the side farther away from the wave height film segment I being the outer side II; the inner side II is provided with an electrode layer and a friction layer II in sequence from the inside to the outside; the outer side II is provided with an electrode layer and a friction layer with the opposite polarity to the friction layer II in sequence from the inside to the outside. The friction layer I on the inner surface I has the opposite polarity to the friction layer II on the inner surface II; The friction layer on the outer surface II at the junction of two adjacent wave units has the opposite polarity to the friction layer on the outer surface I.
6. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The insulating film substrate is selected from one of polyimide film, nylon film, polyvinyl chloride film, and polypropylene film; The conductor is selected from one of copper conductors, silver conductors, and aluminum conductors.
7. A method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator according to any one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Fold the insulating film substrate along the unfolding direction of the insulating film into N wave units, where N≥1; (2) In the wave unit, the inner surface I and outer surface I of wave height film segment I are respectively attached to electrode layers; the inner surface II and outer surface II of wave height film segment II are respectively attached to electrode layers. (3) Connect the wires to the electrode layer; (4) The friction layer is attached to the electrode layer to obtain the triboelectric nanogenerator.