A preparation method of a biochar composite material based on soil remediation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of biochar preparation, and particularly to a method for preparing a biochar composite material based on soil remediation, including: firing biochar using several types of raw materials, and sending the fired biochar to a testing institution for testing; detecting the light transmittance of each biochar to determine the porosity of the biochar fired from each raw material; determining the corresponding reasonable biochar porosity according to the soil porosity of the corresponding soil remediation plot; mixing the raw materials and preparing biochar with the corresponding porosity; mixing the corresponding modification materials into the biochar with reasonable void ratio according to the heavy metal element content of the soil remediation plot to complete the soil remediation biochar for the corresponding plot. The porosity is determined by using the light transmittance of the biochar, and the formula of the biochar is adjusted according to the soil porosity, effectively improving the efficiency of biochar for soil remediation while effectively enhancing the pertinence of the biochar composite material for soil remediation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biochar preparation, and particularly to a method for preparing a biochar composite material for soil remediation. Background Art

[0002] As a material with a long history, biochar has significantly improved the fertility of soil. However, with the progress of industrialization, conventional biochar can no longer meet the problems of soil fertility decline and abnormal soil porosity caused by various pollutions.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application Publication No.: CN107459992A discloses a method for preparing a sulfur-based-mercapto modified biochar and the modified biochar. By mixing a sulfurized modification solution with biochar, the large specific surface area of biochar and the sulfurophilic effect of cadmium are fully utilized, and it has a strong adsorption, complexation and coprecipitation effect on exchangeable cadmium in soil, so that the available cadmium in soil reaches a significant solidification effect; Chinese Patent Application Publication No.: CN111250050A discloses a method for preparing a modified biochar and the modified biochar. By shaking biochar and humic acid solution together, the modified biochar is prepared to reduce the potential environmental pollution caused by the modification of chemical products; Chinese Patent Application Publication No.: CN108315354A discloses a method for preparing biochar from straw saccharification residue and the application of the prepared biochar. The saccharification residue is placed in a heating device and treated at 300 - 600 °C for more than 2 hours in an anaerobic environment to finally obtain biochar;

[0004] It can be seen that the above technical solutions have the following problems: It is difficult to prepare biochar that conforms to soil properties according to soil porosity, thereby improving the physical properties of soil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for preparing a biochar composite material for soil remediation to overcome the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to prepare biochar that conforms to soil properties according to soil porosity to improve the physical properties of soil, resulting in poor pertinence of biochar composite materials for soil remediation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a biochar composite material for soil remediation, including:

[0007] Step S1, using an actuator to burn biochar with several types of raw materials, and sending the burned biochar to a testing institution for testing;

[0008] Step S2, when the testing institution receives the biochar corresponding to each raw material, the testing institution detects the light transmittance of each biochar to determine the porosity of the biochar burned from each raw material;

[0009] Step S3, when the detection mechanism determines the porosity of the biochar corresponding to each of the raw materials, the porosity of the biochar corresponding to each raw material is transmitted to the server;

[0010] Step S4, when the server obtains the porosity of the biochar corresponding to each raw material, the server determines the corresponding reasonable biochar porosity according to the soil porosity of the corresponding soil remediation plot;

[0011] Step S5, when the server determines the corresponding reasonable biochar porosity of the soil remediation plot, the server controls the actuator to mix the raw materials to prepare biochar with the corresponding reasonable porosity;

[0012] Step S6, when the actuator completes the preparation of the biochar with the reasonable porosity, the server mixes the corresponding modification materials into the biochar with the reasonable void ratio according to the heavy metal element content of the soil remediation plot to complete the soil remediation biochar for the corresponding plot.

[0013] Further, it is characterized in that when the actuator completes the firing of the biochar with a preset volume of raw materials of a single category, the detection mechanism detects the volume of the corresponding biochar and transmits it to the server. For the raw materials of the i-th category, the corresponding biochar volume is Vi, where i = 1, 2, 3,..., n, and n is the number of the largest raw material categories. The detection mechanism is provided with a first preset volume Vα and a second preset volume Vβ, where 0 < Vα < Vβ. The first preset volume Vα is the minimum adsorbable volume, and the second preset volume Vβ is the maximum fluff volume. The server compares Vi with Vα and Vβ to determine the expansion degree of the biochar corresponding to the raw materials of the i-th category, so as to classify each raw material

[0014] If Vi ≤ Vα, the server determines that the expansion degree of the raw materials of the i-th category is low and determines that the raw materials of the i-th category are fillers;

[0015] If Vα < Vi ≤ Vβ, the server determines that the expansion degree of the raw materials of the i-th category is high and determines that the raw materials of the i-th category are base materials;

[0016] If Vβ < Vi, the server determines that the raw materials of the i-th category are completely burned, determines that the actuator fails, and issues an alarm for actuator damage at the same time.

[0017] Further, when the server determines that the biochar prepared from the raw materials of the i-th category is the base material, the server controls the detection mechanism to irradiate the biochar corresponding to each raw material with a beam of laser light. The laser light takes the geometric center of each biochar as the midpoint, and the detection mechanism detects the brightness Li on the side of each biochar opposite to the laser irradiation direction to determine the porosity of each biochar. In the server, there are a first preset brightness Lα and a second preset brightness Lβ, where 0 < Lα < Lβ. The first preset brightness Lα is the brightness corresponding to the minimum available filling degree, and the second preset brightness Lβ is the brightness corresponding to the maximum available filling degree. The server compares Li with Lα and Lβ to determine the porosity of the biochar corresponding to the raw materials of the i-th category.

[0018] If Li < Lα, the server determines that the porosity of the base material of the i-th category is small and determines that the base material of the i-th category can carry soil remediation drugs.

[0019] If Lα ≤ Li ≤ Lβ, the server determines that the porosity of the base material of the i-th category is large and determines that the base material of the i-th category can carry soil remediation drugs and the filler.

[0020] If Lβ < Li, the server determines that the voids of the base material of the i-th category are large and determines that the base material of the i-th category is used in combination with the filler.

[0021] Further, when the server determines the ability of the biochar of the i-th category to carry soil remediation drugs, the server calculates the biochar with the corresponding porosity according to the humidity of each soil remediation plot to be repaired, and adjusts the raw material ratio of the biochar preparation according to the porosity. For the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired, its humidity is Dj, where j = 1, 2, 3,..., m, and m is the maximum number of soil remediation plots to be repaired. In the server, there are a first preset soil humidity Dα and a second preset soil humidity Dβ, where 0 < Dα < Dβ. The first preset soil humidity Dα is the humidity corresponding to the maximum drought soil, and the second preset soil humidity Dβ is the humidity corresponding to the minimum flooding. The server compares Dj with Dα and Dβ to determine the porosity of the biochar corresponding to the raw materials of the i-th category.

[0022] If Dj < Dα, the server determines that the soil of the j-th plot is dry and determines that the biochar with a small porosity is used for the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired.

[0023] If Dα ≤ Dj ≤ Dβ, the server determines that the soil of the j-th plot is moist and determines that the biochar with a large porosity is used for the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired.

[0024] If Dβ < Dj, the server determines the soil of the j-th plot and judges that the j-th plot to be soil-repaired cannot be directly repaired with biochar.

[0025] Further, when the server judges the porosity of the biochar used for each plot to be soil-repaired, the server mixes corresponding drugs in the biochar for repair according to the pH value of the j-th plot to improve the soil pH value.

[0026] Further, when the server determines the composite material of the biochar and the corresponding drugs used for the j-th plot to be soil-repaired, the server evenly places the test biochar into the corresponding test plot to be soil-repaired, and at the preset time, controls the detection agency to measure the porosity Cj of the test plot to be soil-repaired, so as to adjust the porosity of the selected biochar. There is a standard soil porosity C0 and a preset biochar adjustment unit in the server.

[0027] If Cj - C0 < 0, the server determines that the porosity of the repaired soil is small, adds the base material of the preset biochar adjustment unit to the biochar for soil repair, tests the new biochar for soil repair in the test plot to be soil-repaired, and at the preset time, the server controls the detection module to detect and adjusts the formula of the biochar.

[0028] If Cj - C0 = 0, the server determines that the porosity of the repaired soil is normal, and determines to carry out soil repair operations within the range of the plot to be soil-repaired with the biochar composite material formula corresponding to the test plot to be soil-repaired.

[0029] If Cj - C0 > 0, the server determines that the porosity of the repaired soil is large, adds the filler of the preset biochar adjustment unit to the biochar for soil repair, tests the new biochar for soil repair in the test plot to be soil-repaired, and at the preset time, the server controls the detection module to detect and adjusts the formula of the biochar.

[0030] Further, when the server determines the formula of the biochar for soil repair corresponding to the plot to be soil-repaired, the server controls the actuator to mix the raw materials corresponding to the formula and prepare the biochar, and then mixes the soil repair drugs corresponding to the formula with the prepared biochar.

[0031] Further, when the detection agency detects the soil to be repaired, if several categories of heavy metal elements are detected in the soil to be repaired, the server controls the actuator to mix the corresponding modification materials with the base material with large voids and encapsulate them to prepare a heavy metal repair biochar composite material.

[0032] Further, when the actuator completes the preparation of the heavy metal remediation biochar composite material, the server starts timing for heavy metal remediation; a preset heavy metal remediation duration is set in the server, and when the heavy metal remediation duration is reached, the server gives an alarm for the completion of heavy metal adsorption.

[0033] Further, when the server controls the actuator to mix the biochar with the medicine or the heavy metal modification material, the mixing environment is at room temperature, and the mixing method is tumbling mixing.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the corresponding porosity is determined by using the light transmittance of the biochar, and the biochar is classified. At the same time, the biochar formula is adjusted according to the porosity of the soil, effectively improving the efficiency of the biochar in remediating the soil and effectively enhancing the pertinence of the biochar composite material for soil remediation.

[0035] Further, the expansion degree of the biochar raw material is determined by measuring the volume of the biochar, and the biochar is divided into filler and base material, effectively improving the utilization rate of the biochar material and further enhancing the pertinence of the biochar composite material for soil remediation.

[0036] Further, the porosity of the biochar is measured by laser, effectively maintaining the integrity of the biochar while testing the integrity of the biochar, thereby further enhancing the pertinence of the biochar composite material for soil remediation.

[0037] Further, by measuring the soil humidity, while effectively avoiding the interference of the soil environment on the remediation effect of the biochar, the pertinence of the biochar composite material for soil remediation is further enhanced.

[0038] Further, by mixing medicines, the pH value of the soil to be remediated is improved, effectively improving the utilization rate of the biochar material and further enhancing the pertinence of the biochar composite material for soil remediation.

[0039] Further, the biochar formula is adjusted several times through experiments, effectively improving the improvement efficiency of the biochar for the soil porosity and further enhancing the pertinence of the biochar composite material for soil remediation.

[0040] Further, by mixing the biochar with the acid-base regulating medicine after the biochar is prepared, while effectively improving the stability of the mixture, the volatilization of the medicine caused by the too high temperature of the biochar is avoided, thereby further enhancing the pertinence of the biochar composite material for soil remediation.

[0041] Furthermore, by mixing and encapsulating biochar with heavy metal modification materials, while effectively improving the adsorption efficiency of heavy metal modification materials, the soil remediation targeting of biochar composites is further enhanced.

[0042] Furthermore, by setting the heavy metal adsorption duration, when the heavy metal adsorption and solidification are completed, the encapsulated soil remediation materials are separated from the soil, effectively avoiding secondary heavy metal pollution and further enhancing the soil remediation targeting of biochar composites.

[0043] Furthermore, by using the method of tumbling and mixing, the heavy metal modification materials and biochar are mixed at room temperature. While effectively improving the integrity of the composite materials, the modification materials are attached to the outer layer of biochar, thereby further enhancing the soil remediation targeting of biochar composites. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the preparation method of the biochar composite material for soil remediation according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of soil remediation of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Wherein: 1: Plot to be soil-remediated; 2: Plot to be soil-remediated for experiment; 3: Burying point of biochar composite material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0048] In order to make the objectives and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0051] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 as shown in the flowchart of the preparation method of the biochar composite material based on soil remediation according to the present invention, which includes:

[0053] Step S1: Use an actuator to burn biochar with several types of raw materials and send the burned biochar to a testing agency for testing;

[0054] Step S2: When the testing agency receives the biochar corresponding to each raw material, the testing agency measures the light transmittance of each biochar to determine the porosity of the biochar burned from each raw material;

[0055] Step S3: When the testing agency determines the porosity of the biochar corresponding to each raw material, transmit the porosity of the biochar corresponding to each raw material to the server;

[0056] Step S4: When the server obtains the porosity of the biochar corresponding to each raw material, the server determines the corresponding reasonable biochar porosity according to the soil porosity of the corresponding soil remediation plot;

[0057] Step S5: When the server determines the corresponding reasonable biochar porosity of the soil remediation plot, the server controls the actuator to mix the raw materials to prepare biochar with the corresponding reasonable porosity;

[0058] Step S6: When the actuator completes the preparation of the biochar with reasonable porosity, the server mixes the corresponding modification materials into the biochar with reasonable porosity according to the heavy metal element content of the soil remediation plot to complete the soil remediation biochar for the corresponding plot.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: determining the corresponding porosity by using the light transmittance of biochar, classifying the biochar, and at the same time adjusting the formula of the biochar according to the soil porosity, effectively improving the efficiency of biochar for soil remediation while effectively enhancing the soil remediation pertinence of the biochar composite material.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 2 as shown, which is the schematic diagram of the mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention,

[0061] Among them, the actuator includes a biochar preparation module and a composite material mixing module for preparing biochar and various types of biochar composite materials. Each part in the actuator is respectively connected to the detection mechanism to detect the produced biochar and the finished biochar composite materials, and transmit the detection results to the server to determine the application positions of the corresponding types of biochar and biochar composite materials in the soil to be repaired plot.

[0062] There is a test area in the soil to be repaired plot. After the detection mechanism conducts tests on the test soil to be repaired plot and transmits the results to the server for adjustment, mass production of biochar composite materials is carried out and used in the entire soil to be repaired plot.

[0063] When the actuator finishes firing biochar with a single category of raw materials in a preset volume, the detection mechanism detects the corresponding biochar volume and transmits it to the server. For the i-th category of raw materials, the corresponding biochar volume is Vi, where i = 1, 2, 3, …, n, and n is the number of the largest raw material categories. The detection mechanism is provided with a first preset volume Vα and a second preset volume Vβ, where 0 < Vα < Vβ. The first preset volume Vα is the minimum adsorbable volume, and the second preset volume Vβ is the maximum fluffy volume. The server compares Vi with Vα and Vβ to determine the expansion degree of the biochar fired from the i-th category of raw materials, so as to classify each raw material.

[0064] If Vi ≤ Vα, the server determines that the expansion degree of the i-th category of raw materials is low and determines that the i-th category of raw materials is a filler.

[0065] If Vα < Vi ≤ Vβ, the server determines that the expansion degree of the i-th category of raw materials is high and determines that the i-th category of raw materials is a base material.

[0066] If Vβ < Vi, the server determines that the i-th category of raw materials is completely burned, determines that the actuator fails, and issues an alarm for actuator damage at the same time.

[0067] By using the method of measuring the biochar volume to determine the expansion degree of biochar raw materials, the biochar is divided into fillers and base materials, which effectively improves the utilization rate of biochar materials and further enhances the soil remediation pertinence of biochar composite materials.

[0068] Specifically, when the server determines that the biochar prepared from the raw materials of the i-th category is the base material, the server controls the detection mechanism to irradiate each biochar with a beam of laser light. The laser light takes the geometric center of each biochar as the midpoint, and the detection mechanism detects the brightness Li on the side opposite to the laser irradiation direction of each biochar to determine the porosity of each biochar. There are a first preset brightness Lα and a second preset brightness Lβ in the server, where 0 < Lα < Lβ. The first preset brightness Lα is the brightness corresponding to the minimum available filling degree, and the second preset brightness Lβ is the brightness corresponding to the maximum available filling degree. The server compares Li with Lα and Lβ to determine the porosity of the biochar corresponding to the raw materials of the i-th category.

[0069] If Li < Lα, the server determines that the porosity of the base material of the i-th category is small and determines that the base material of the i-th category can carry soil remediation drugs.

[0070] If Lα ≤ Li ≤ Lβ, the server determines that the porosity of the base material of the i-th category is large and determines that the base material of the i-th category can carry soil remediation drugs and fillers.

[0071] If Lβ < Li, the server determines that the voids of the base material of the i-th category are large and determines that the base material of the i-th category is used in combination with the filler.

[0072] Measuring the porosity of biochar with laser can test the integrity of biochar while effectively maintaining its integrity, thus further improving the soil remediation pertinence of biochar composites.

[0073] Specifically, when the server determines the ability of the biochar of the i-th category to carry soil remediation drugs, the server calculates the biochar with the corresponding porosity according to the humidity of each soil remediation plot to be repaired, and adjusts the raw material ratio of the biochar preparation according to the porosity. For the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired, its humidity is Dj, where j = 1, 2, 3,..., m, and m is the maximum number of soil remediation plots to be repaired. There are a first preset soil humidity Dα and a second preset soil humidity Dβ in the server, where 0 < Dα < Dβ. The first preset soil humidity Dα is the humidity corresponding to the maximum arid soil, and the second preset soil humidity Dβ is the humidity corresponding to the minimum inundation. The server compares Dj with Dα and Dβ to determine the porosity of the biochar corresponding to the raw materials of the i-th category.

[0074] If Dj < Dα, the server determines that the soil of the j-th plot is arid and determines that the biochar with a small porosity is used for the biochar for repairing the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired.

[0075] If Dα ≤ Dj ≤ Dβ, the server determines that the soil of the j-th plot is moist and determines that the biochar with a large porosity is used for the biochar for repairing the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired.

[0076] If Dβ < Dj, the server determines the soil of the j-th plot and judges that the j-th plot to be soil-repaired cannot be directly repaired using biochar.

[0077] By using the method of testing soil humidity, while effectively avoiding the interference of the soil environment on the repair effect of biochar, the soil repair pertinence of the biochar composite material is further improved.

[0078] Specifically, when the server judges the porosity of the biochar used for each plot to be soil-repaired, the server mixes the corresponding drugs in the biochar for repair according to the pH value of the j-th plot to improve the soil pH value.

[0079] By mixing drugs to improve the pH value of the soil to be repaired, while effectively improving the utilization rate of the biochar material, the soil repair pertinence of the biochar composite material is further improved.

[0080] Specifically, when the server determines the composite material of the biochar and the corresponding drugs to be used according to the j-th plot to be soil-repaired, the server evenly places the test biochar into the corresponding test plot to be soil-repaired, and when the preset time is reached, controls the testing agency to measure the porosity Cj of the test plot to be soil-repaired, so as to adjust the porosity of the selected biochar. There is a standard soil porosity C0 and a preset biochar adjustment unit in the server.

[0081] If Cj - C0 < 0, the server determines that the porosity of the repaired soil is small, adds the base material of the preset biochar adjustment unit to the biochar for soil repair, and tests the new biochar for soil repair in the test plot to be soil-repaired. When the preset time is reached, the server controls the detection module to detect and adjusts the formula of the biochar.

[0082] If Cj - C0 = 0, the server determines that the porosity of the repaired soil is normal, and determines to carry out soil repair operations within the range of the plot to be soil-repaired corresponding to the biochar composite material formula of the test plot to be soil-repaired.

[0083] If Cj - C0 > 0, the server determines that the porosity of the repaired soil is large, adds the filler of the preset biochar adjustment unit to the biochar for soil repair, and tests the new biochar for soil repair in the test plot to be soil-repaired. When the preset time is reached, the server controls the detection module to detect and adjusts the formula of the biochar.

[0084] By adjusting the biochar formula through experiments for several times, while effectively improving the improvement efficiency of the biochar for soil porosity, the soil repair pertinence of the biochar composite material is further improved.

[0085] Specifically, when the server determines the biochar formula for soil remediation corresponding to the plot to be remediated, the server controls the actuator to mix the raw materials corresponding to the formula and prepare biochar, and then mix the soil remediation drugs corresponding to the formula with the prepared biochar.

[0086] By preparing the biochar and then mixing it with the acid-base adjustment drugs, while effectively improving the stability of the mixture, it avoids the volatilization of drugs caused by too high temperature of the biochar, thereby further enhancing the soil remediation targeting of the biochar composite material.

[0087] Specifically, when the testing agency tests the soil to be remediated, if several categories of heavy metal elements are detected in the soil to be remediated, the server controls the actuator to mix the corresponding modification materials with the base material with large voids according to the corresponding heavy metal elements, and perform encapsulation to prepare the heavy metal remediation biochar composite material.

[0088] By mixing the biochar with the heavy metal modification materials and encapsulating them, while effectively improving the adsorption efficiency of the heavy metal modification materials, it further enhances the soil remediation targeting of the biochar composite material.

[0089] Specifically, when the actuator completes the preparation of the heavy metal remediation biochar composite material, the server starts timing for heavy metal remediation; a preset heavy metal remediation duration is set in the server, and when the heavy metal remediation duration is reached, the server gives an alarm for the completion of heavy metal adsorption.

[0090] By setting the heavy metal adsorption duration, when the heavy metal adsorption and solidification are completed, the encapsulated soil remediation material is separated from the soil, effectively avoiding secondary pollution of heavy metals and further enhancing the soil remediation targeting of the biochar composite material.

[0091] Specifically, when the server controls the actuator to mix the biochar with drugs or heavy metal modification materials, the mixing environment is at room temperature, and the mixing method is tumbling mixing.

[0092] Using the tumbling mixing method to mix the heavy metal modification materials and biochar at room temperature, while effectively improving the integrity of the composite material, the modification materials are attached to the outer layer of the biochar, thereby further enhancing the soil remediation targeting of the biochar composite material.

[0093] The biochar for soil remediation prepared by the technical solution of the present application can achieve the following effects:

[0094] Taking straw, corn cobs, and dry reeds as examples:

[0095] The volumes of the biochar prepared with a preset weight for testing are as follows:

[0096] Straw: 10 dm 3 Corncob: 15 dm 3 Dry reed: 50 dm3

[0097] At this time, the server determines that the biochar prepared from straw is the filler, the biochar prepared from corncob is the base material, and the dry reed burns completely;

[0098] After the dry reed is prepared again, its volume is: 20 dm3

[0099] The brightness of the biochar prepared with a preset weight is as follows:

[0100] Straw: 50 lm Corncob: 120 lm Dry reed: 300 lm

[0101] Please refer to Figure 3 as shown, which is the schematic diagram of soil remediation in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0102] When sampling the soil remediation plot 1, randomly sample any five points in the soil remediation plot 1 and test them respectively. When obtaining the soil parameters, use some areas in the soil remediation plot 1 to set up several test soil remediation plots 2, and bury the biochar composite material at the biochar composite material embedding points 3 in a preset manner. After a preset time, sample any five points in the test soil remediation plot 2 to obtain the test results.

[0103] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0104] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention; for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a biochar composite material based on soil remediation, characterized in that, it includes: Step S1, using an actuator to burn biochar with several types of raw materials, and sending the burned biochar to a testing institution for testing; Step S2, when the testing institution receives the biochar corresponding to each of the raw materials, the testing institution detects the light transmittance of each biochar to determine the porosity of the biochar burned from each raw material; Step S3, when the testing institution determines the porosity of the biochar corresponding to each of the raw materials burned, it transmits the porosity of the biochar corresponding to each raw material to the server; Step S4, when the server obtains the porosity of the biochar corresponding to each raw material, the server determines the corresponding reasonable biochar porosity according to the soil porosity of the corresponding soil remediation plot; Step S5, when the server determines the corresponding reasonable biochar porosity of the soil remediation plot, the server controls the actuator to mix the raw materials to prepare biochar with the corresponding reasonable porosity; Step S6, when the actuator completes the preparation of the biochar with the reasonable porosity, the server mixes the corresponding modification materials into the biochar with the reasonable void ratio according to the heavy metal element content of the soil remediation plot to complete the soil remediation biochar for the corresponding plot; When the actuator completes the burning of the biochar with a single-category preset volume of raw materials, the testing institution detects the corresponding biochar volume and transmits it to the server. For the i-th category of raw materials, the corresponding biochar volume is Vi, where i = 1, 2, 3,..., n, and n is the number of the largest raw material categories. The testing institution is provided with a first preset volume Vα and a second preset volume Vβ, where 0 < Vα < Vβ. The first preset volume Vα is the minimum adsorbable volume, and the second preset volume Vβ is the maximum fluffy volume. The server compares Vi with Vα and Vβ to determine the expansion degree of the biochar burned from the i-th category of raw materials, so as to classify each raw material. If Vi ≤ Vα, the server determines that the expansion degree of the i-th category of raw materials is low and determines that the i-th category of raw materials is a filler; If Vα < Vi ≤ Vβ, the server determines that the expansion degree of the i-th category of raw materials is high and determines that the i-th category of raw materials is a base material; If Vβ < Vi, the server determines that the i-th category of raw materials burns completely, determines that the actuator fails, and simultaneously issues an alarm for actuator damage. When the server determines that the biochar prepared from the raw materials of the i-th category is the base material, the server controls the detection mechanism to irradiate each biochar corresponding to the raw materials with a beam of laser. The laser takes the geometric center of each biochar as the midpoint, and the detection mechanism detects the brightness Li on the side opposite to the laser irradiation direction of each biochar to determine the porosity of each biochar. In the server, there are a first preset brightness Lα and a second preset brightness Lβ, where 0 < Lα < Lβ. The first preset brightness Lα is the brightness corresponding to the minimum available filling degree, and the second preset brightness Lβ is the brightness corresponding to the maximum available filling degree. The server compares Li with Lα and Lβ to determine the porosity of the biochar corresponding to the raw materials of the i-th category. If Li < Lα, the server determines that the porosity of the base material of the i-th category is small and determines that the base material of the i-th category can carry soil remediation drugs. If Lα ≤ Li ≤ Lβ, the server determines that the porosity of the base material of the i-th category is large and determines that the base material of the i-th category can carry soil remediation drugs and the filler. If Lβ < Li, the server determines that the voids of the base material of the i-th category are large and determines that the base material of the i-th category is used in combination with the filler. When the server determines the ability of the biochar of the i-th category to carry soil remediation drugs, the server calculates the biochar with the corresponding porosity according to the humidity of each soil remediation plot to be repaired, and adjusts the raw material ratio of the biochar according to the porosity. For the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired, its humidity is Dj, where j = 1, 2, 3,..., m, and m is the maximum number of soil remediation plots to be repaired. In the server, there are a first preset soil humidity Dα and a second preset soil humidity Dβ, where 0 < Dα < Dβ. The first preset soil humidity Dα is the humidity corresponding to the maximum arid soil, and the second preset soil humidity Dβ is the humidity corresponding to the minimum flooding. The server compares Dj with Dα and Dβ to determine the porosity of the biochar corresponding to the raw materials of the i-th category. If Dj < Dα, the server determines that the soil of the j-th plot is arid and determines that the biochar with a small porosity is used for the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired. If Dα ≤ Dj ≤ Dβ, the server determines that the soil of the j-th plot is moist and determines that the biochar with a large porosity is used for the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired. If Dβ < Dj, the server determines the soil of the j-th plot and determines that the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired cannot be directly repaired with biochar. When the server determines the composite material of the biochar and the corresponding drugs to be used according to the j-th soil remediation plot to be repaired, the server evenly places the test biochar into the corresponding test soil remediation plot to be repaired, and at the preset time, controls the detection mechanism to measure the porosity Cj of the test soil remediation plot to be repaired to adjust the porosity of the selected biochar. In the server, there are a standard soil porosity C0 and a preset biochar adjustment unit. If Cj - C0 < 0, the server determines that the porosity of the soil after repair is small, adds the preset biochar adjustment unit of the base material to the biochar for soil repair, and tests the new biochar for soil repair in the plot of the test soil to be repaired. When the preset time is reached, the server controls the detection module to detect and adjusts the formula of the biochar. If Cj - C0 = 0, the server determines that the porosity of the soil after repair is normal and determines to carry out soil repair operations in the range of the plot of the test soil to be repaired with the biochar composite material formula corresponding to the plot. If Cj - C0 > 0, the server determines that the porosity of the soil after repair is large, adds the preset biochar adjustment unit of the filler to the biochar for soil repair, and tests the new biochar for soil repair in the plot of the test soil to be repaired. When the preset time is reached, the server controls the detection module to detect and adjusts the formula of the biochar.

2. The method for preparing a biochar composite material for soil repair according to claim 1, wherein, When the server judges the porosity of the biochar used in each plot of the soil to be repaired, the server mixes the corresponding drugs in the biochar for repair according to the pH value of the j-th plot to improve the soil pH value.

3. The method for preparing a biochar composite material for soil repair according to claim 2, wherein, When the server determines the formula of the biochar for soil repair corresponding to the plot of the soil to be repaired, the server controls the actuator to mix the raw materials corresponding to the formula and prepare the biochar, and then mixes the soil repair drugs corresponding to the formula with the prepared biochar.

4. The method for preparing a biochar composite material for soil repair according to claim 3, wherein, When the detection mechanism detects the soil to be repaired, if several types of heavy metal elements are detected in the soil to be repaired, the server controls the actuator to mix the corresponding modification materials with the base material with large voids according to the corresponding heavy metal elements and encapsulates them to prepare a heavy metal repair biochar composite material.

5. The method for preparing a biochar composite material for soil repair according to claim 4, wherein, When the actuator completes the preparation of the heavy metal repair biochar composite material, the server starts timing for heavy metal repair; a preset heavy metal repair duration is set in the server, and when the heavy metal repair duration is reached, the server gives an alarm for the completion of heavy metal adsorption.

6. The method for preparing a biochar composite material for soil repair according to claim 5, wherein, When the server controls the actuator to mix the biochar with the drug or heavy metal modification material, the mixing environment is at room temperature and the mixing method is tumbling mixing.

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