A fuel cell vehicle, a hydrogen filling port fault detection method and system thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel cell vehicle and a method and system for detecting a hydrogen filling port failure, belonging to the technical field of new energy vehicle safety. After each successful hydrogen filling of the vehicle, the present invention detects the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogen filling port. When the concentration value is greater than a set threshold, it determines the failure of the hydrogen filling port according to the time required for the concentration value to drop to 0. If the time is lower than the set value, it is considered that the hydrogen filling port has failed. Therefore, the present invention can detect the failure of the hydrogen filling port of the vehicle, improve the accuracy of reporting hydrogen leakage failure of the vehicle, extend the service life of the hydrogen filling port, eliminate the need for manual detection of whether the hydrogen filling port fails, and reduce the detection cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fuel cell vehicle, a method and a system for detecting a hydrogen filling port failure, and belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicle safety. Background Art

[0002] The hydrogen filling port refers to the sum of components connected to the hydrogen filling gun of the vehicle. There is a sealing ring inside it, which belongs to vulnerable and consumable parts. Due to the complex operating environment of the vehicle, impurities are likely to enter the hydrogen filling port. Under high pressure, the impurities are pressed into the sealing ring. The sealing ring containing impurities will be damaged after long-term use, resulting in loose sealing during hydrogen filling and hydrogen leakage. There are safety risks such as hydrogen explosion. According to the requirement of Clause 4.1.2.1.1 of "GB / T 24549 Safety Requirements for Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles": "At an appropriate position above the enclosed or semi-enclosed space where the hydrogen system is installed, at least one hydrogen leakage detection sensor should be installed, which can detect the hydrogen concentration in real time and transmit the signal to the hydrogen leakage alarm device". Generally, a hydrogen concentration sensor is set above the hydrogen filling port of the fuel cell vehicle. At the same time, the hydrogen concentration sensor will transmit the data to the hydrogen system controller. The controller compares the detected concentration value with the alarm threshold for judgment. If it exceeds the threshold, a hydrogen leakage fault will be reported.

[0003] Since the whole vehicle is powered off during vehicle hydrogen filling, both the hydrogen concentration sensor and the hydrogen system controller cannot work normally. Only after hydrogen filling is completed and the whole vehicle is powered on and working, the hydrogen concentration sensor and the hydrogen system controller can work normally. Therefore, the existing detection of the hydrogen filling port failure is carried out after hydrogen filling is completed. After hydrogen filling is completed, if the concentration value detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor exceeds the set threshold, it is defaulted to be a hydrogen leakage fault, and the hydrogen system sensor will alarm to remind the staff to repair the hydrogen filling port. Although the above method can detect hydrogen leakage, after hydrogen filling is completed, it is also possible that the hydrogen filling pipeline leaks and causes hydrogen leakage. Therefore, the existing method cannot determine whether it is a hydrogen filling port failure or a hydrogen pipeline leakage that causes the hydrogen concentration to exceed the standard, that is, it cannot accurately detect the hydrogen filling port failure, and manual detection is still required, which not only has low efficiency but also increases the detection cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell vehicle, a method and a system for detecting a hydrogen filling port failure, so as to solve the problem that the accurate detection of the hydrogen filling port failure cannot be realized at present.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for detecting a hydrogen filling port failure of a fuel cell vehicle to solve the above technical problems. The detection method includes the following steps:

[0006] 1) After the vehicle finishes hydrogen filling, determine whether the hydrogen filling is successful;

[0007] 2) After successful hydrogenation, detect the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogenation port and determine whether the concentration exceeds the set threshold value;

[0008] 3) If it exceeds the set threshold value, record the detection time as the first time and record the time when the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogenation port drops to 0 as the second time;

[0009] 4) Determine whether the time difference between the first time and the second time is less than the set time threshold value. If it is less, it is a hydrogenation port failure; otherwise, it is a hydrogenation pipeline failure.

[0010] After each successful hydrogenation of the vehicle in the present invention, the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogenation port is detected. When the concentration value is greater than the set threshold value, it is determined whether there is a hydrogenation port failure according to the time required for the concentration value to drop to 0. If the time is too long, it is considered that the hydrogen leakage in the hydrogenation pipeline causes it. Therefore, the present invention can exclude the situation of hydrogen leakage in the hydrogenation pipeline, detect the hydrogenation port failure of the vehicle, improve the accuracy of reporting the hydrogenation port failure of the vehicle, extend the service life of the hydrogenation port, and does not require manual detection of whether the hydrogenation port fails, reducing the detection cost.

[0011] Further, to improve the detection accuracy, the set time threshold value is the time required for the hydrogen in the hydrogenation pipeline to completely leak.

[0012] Further, to accurately and quickly determine successful hydrogenation, in step 1), the determination of successful hydrogenation is made by calculating the hydrogenation mass based on the hydrogen cylinder pressure and temperature. If the hydrogenation mass is greater than 0, it is determined that the vehicle's hydrogenation is successful.

[0013] The present invention also provides a hydrogenation port failure detection system for a fuel cell vehicle, including a hydrogen concentration sensor and a hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen concentration sensor is used to detect the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogenation port, and the output end of the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected to the hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen system controller is used to, after successful hydrogenation, receive the hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor at the hydrogenation port, determine whether the concentration exceeds the set threshold value; if it exceeds the set threshold value, record the detection time as the first time and record the time when the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogenation port drops to 0 as the second time; determine whether the time difference between the first time and the second time is less than the set time threshold value. If it is less, it is a hydrogenation port failure; otherwise, it is a hydrogenation pipeline failure.

[0014] After each successful hydrogen refueling of the vehicle, the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogen refueling port is detected. When the concentration value is greater than the set threshold, it is judged whether there is a fault at the hydrogen refueling port according to the time required for the concentration value to drop to 0. If the time is too long, it is considered that the hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen refueling pipeline causes the problem. Therefore, the present invention can exclude the hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen refueling pipeline, detect the fault of the vehicle's hydrogen refueling port, improve the accuracy of the vehicle reporting the fault of the hydrogen refueling port, extend the service life of the hydrogen refueling port, eliminate the need for manual detection of whether the hydrogen refueling port is faulty, and reduce the detection cost.

[0015] Further, to improve the detection accuracy, the set time threshold is the time required for the complete leakage of hydrogen in the hydrogen refueling pipeline.

[0016] Further, to accurately and quickly determine the success of hydrogen refueling, the system further includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, which are respectively used to detect the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen cylinder and send the detection results to the hydrogen system controller. After the hydrogen refueling is completed, the hydrogen system controller calculates the hydrogen refueling quality according to the received hydrogen cylinder pressure and temperature. If the hydrogen refueling quality is greater than 0, it is judged that the vehicle has successfully refueled.

[0017] The present invention also provides a fuel cell vehicle, including a vehicle controller and a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes a hydrogen concentration sensor and a hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen concentration sensor is used to detect the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogen refueling port. The output end of the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected to the hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen system controller is used to receive the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen refueling port detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor after the hydrogen refueling is successful, and judge whether the concentration exceeds the set threshold; if it exceeds the set threshold, record the detection time as the first time, and record the time when the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen refueling port drops to 0 as the second time; judge whether the time difference between the first time and the second time is less than the set time threshold. If it is less, it is a fault at the hydrogen refueling port, otherwise, it is a fault in the hydrogen refueling pipeline.

[0018] After each successful hydrogen refueling of the vehicle, the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogen refueling port is detected. When the concentration value is greater than the set threshold, it is judged whether there is a fault at the hydrogen refueling port according to the time required for the concentration value to drop to 0. If the time is too long, it is considered that the hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen refueling pipeline causes the problem. Therefore, the present invention can exclude the hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen refueling pipeline, detect the fault of the vehicle's hydrogen refueling port, improve the accuracy of the vehicle reporting the fault of the hydrogen refueling port, extend the service life of the hydrogen refueling port, eliminate the need for manual detection of whether the hydrogen refueling port is faulty, and reduce the detection cost.

[0019] Further, to improve the detection accuracy, the set time threshold is the time required for the complete leakage of hydrogen in the hydrogen refueling pipeline.

[0020] Further, to accurately and quickly determine the success of hydrogen refueling, it also includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor respectively used to detect the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen cylinder, and the detection results are sent to the hydrogen system controller. After hydrogen refueling is completed, the hydrogen system controller calculates the hydrogen refueling quality based on the received hydrogen cylinder pressure and temperature. If the hydrogen refueling quality is greater than 0, it is determined that the vehicle has successfully refueled with hydrogen.

[0021] Further, the hydrogen system controller is connected to the vehicle controller. When the hydrogen system controller detects a fault at the hydrogen refueling port, the hydrogen system controller sends the detection result to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller sends it to the driver's instrument panel for display. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for detecting faults at the hydrogen refueling port of the fuel cell vehicle of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of the system for detecting faults at the hydrogen refueling port of the fuel cell vehicle of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] The following further describes the detailed embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0025] System Embodiment

[0026] In order to accurately detect faults at the hydrogen refueling port, after each successful hydrogen refueling, the present invention realizes the detection of faults at the hydrogen refueling port according to the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogen refueling port and the time required for the hydrogen concentration to drop to 0. Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the system for detecting faults at the hydrogen refueling port of the fuel cell vehicle of the present invention includes a hydrogen concentration sensor and a hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen concentration sensor and the hydrogen system controller are connected through a CAN bus. The hydrogen concentration sensor is installed on the hydrogen refueling port cabin to facilitate timely detection of the hydrogen concentration. The hydrogen system controller is used to receive the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen refueling port detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor after successful hydrogen refueling, and determine whether the concentration exceeds the set threshold. If it exceeds the set threshold, record the detection time as the first time, and record the time when the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen refueling port drops to 0 as the second time. Determine whether the time difference between the first time and the second time is less than the set time threshold. If it is less, it is a fault at the hydrogen refueling port; otherwise, it is a fault in the hydrogen pipeline. The specific detection process is as Figure 1 shown.

[0027] Among them, after the vehicle finishes refueling with hydrogen, it is necessary to determine whether the hydrogen refueling is successful. If the hydrogen refueling is not successful, there is no need to detect the hydrogen refueling port. In order to accurately and quickly determine whether the hydrogen refueling is successful, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are added to this detection system, both of which are arranged inside the hydrogen cylinder and are respectively used to detect the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen cylinder. The pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are connected to the hydrogen system controller. After the vehicle finishes refueling with hydrogen, the vehicle is powered on. The hydrogen system controller receives the pressure V and temperature W of the hydrogen cylinder, and calculates the hydrogen refueling mass M based on V and W 1 , if M 1 >0, it indicates that the hydrogen refueling is successful this time; otherwise, it indicates that the hydrogen refueling fails.

[0028] After the vehicle successfully refuels with hydrogen, the hydrogen system controller will receive the hydrogen concentration value of the hydrogen refueling port collected by the hydrogen concentration sensor. Assume that this concentration value is X. The hydrogen system controller compares X with the set threshold value. The set threshold value in this embodiment is 0. When X is greater than 0, it indicates that there may be a fault in the hydrogen refueling port and further judgment is needed. If X is not greater than 0, it indicates that there is definitely no fault in the hydrogen refueling port. After the hydrogen system controller detects that X is greater than 0, it records the acquisition time of the hydrogen concentration sensor, that is, the time point when the corresponding hydrogen refueling port concentration is X, and this time point is T1; and continuously detects the hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen refueling port. After the detected hydrogen concentration value of the hydrogen refueling port drops to 0, records the time at this time as T2, compares T2 with T1, and compares the difference between T2 and T1 with the set time T. If the difference is less than the set time T, it indicates that this fault is a fault of the hydrogen refueling port; otherwise, it is judged as a hydrogen refueling pipeline leakage fault. Among them, the set time is the time required for the hydrogen in the hydrogen refueling pipeline to completely leak. If it is a hydrogen refueling port fault, after the hydrogen refueling is completed, the hydrogen refueling port will be closed and no hydrogen will leak out from the hydrogen refueling port again. And the hydrogen leaked out from the hydrogen refueling port during hydrogen refueling will quickly disappear after the hydrogen refueling is completed. If the hydrogen at the hydrogen refueling port takes a long time to dissipate after the hydrogen refueling is completed, it indicates that it is not a hydrogen refueling port fault.

[0029] In order to quickly display the detection results and promptly inform the operator or the driver, in the present invention, the hydrogen system controller is also connected to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller and the hydrogen system controller are connected through the CAN bus. The hydrogen system controller transmits the final data result to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller has the function of receiving the signal of the hydrogen controller and commanding the actions of the vehicle and each component. On the one hand, it displays the final result monitored by the hydrogen system controller on the instrument panel, and at the same time uploads the data to the remote monitoring terminal for the driver and the background to monitor and query in real time. On the other hand, when receiving the data result transmitted by the hydrogen system controller, it gives a prompt of "Hydrogen refueling port fault, please repair" at the instrument panel.

[0030] Through the detection system of the present invention, the hydrogen filling port failure can be accurately identified, ensuring the safety of vehicle hydrogen filling, reducing the risk of hydrogen leakage during vehicle hydrogen filling, safeguarding the safety of hydrogen filling vehicles and hydrogen filling stations, and at the same time eliminating the need for manual detection of the hydrogen filling port, reducing the detection cost.

[0031] Vehicle embodiment

[0032] The fuel cell vehicle of this embodiment includes a vehicle controller and a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes a hydrogen concentration sensor and a hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen concentration sensor is used to detect the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogen filling port. The output end of the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected to the hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen system controller is used to receive the hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor at the hydrogen filling port after successful hydrogen filling and determine whether the concentration exceeds a set threshold; if it exceeds the set threshold, record the detection time as the first time and record the time when the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen filling port drops to 0 as the second time; determine whether the time difference between the first time and the second time is less than a set time threshold. If it is less, it is a hydrogen filling port failure; otherwise, it is a hydrogen pipeline failure. The specific implementation method has been described in detail in the system embodiment and will not be elaborated here.

[0033] Method embodiment

[0034] After the vehicle hydrogen filling is completed, the detection method of the present invention determines whether the hydrogen filling is successful; after successful hydrogen filling, it detects the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen filling port and determines whether the concentration exceeds a set threshold; if it exceeds the set threshold, record the detection time as the first time and record the time when the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen filling port drops to 0 as the second time; determine whether the time difference between the first time and the second time is less than a set time threshold. If it is less, it is a hydrogen filling port failure; otherwise, it is a hydrogen pipeline failure. The specific implementation process is as Figure 1 shown. The specific implementation method has been described in detail in the system embodiment and will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A method for detecting faults in the hydrogen refueling port of a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that, the detection method comprises the following steps: 1) After the vehicle has been refueled with hydrogen, determine whether the hydrogen refueling is successful; 2) After the hydrogen refueling is successful, detect the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen refueling port and determine whether the concentration exceeds a set threshold; 3) If it exceeds the set threshold, record the detection time as the first time, and record the time when the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen refueling port drops to 0 as the second time; 4) Determine whether the time difference between the first time and the second time is less than a set time threshold. If it is less, it is a fault in the hydrogen refueling port; otherwise, it is a fault in the hydrogen refueling pipeline.

2. The method for detecting faults in the hydrogen refueling port of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, the set time threshold is the time required for the hydrogen in the hydrogen refueling pipeline to completely leak.

3. The method for detecting faults in the hydrogen refueling port of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in step 1), the determination of successful hydrogen refueling is based on calculating the hydrogen refueling mass according to the hydrogen cylinder pressure and temperature. If the hydrogen refueling mass is greater than 0, it is determined that the vehicle has been successfully refueled with hydrogen.

4. A fault detection system for the hydrogen refueling port of a fuel cell vehicle, comprising a hydrogen concentration sensor and a hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen concentration sensor is used to detect the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogen refueling port, and the output end of the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected to the hydrogen system controller, characterized in that, the hydrogen system controller is used to, after the hydrogen refueling is successful, receive the hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor at the hydrogen refueling port and determine whether the concentration exceeds a set threshold; if it exceeds the set threshold, record the detection time as the first time, and record the time when the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen refueling port drops to 0 as the second time; determine whether the time difference between the first time and the second time is less than a set time threshold. If it is less, it is a fault in the hydrogen refueling port; otherwise, it is a fault in the hydrogen refueling pipeline.

5. The fault detection system for the hydrogen refueling port of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, the set time threshold is the time required for the hydrogen in the hydrogen refueling pipeline to completely leak.

6. The fault detection system for the hydrogen refueling port of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, the system further comprises a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, which are respectively used to detect the hydrogen cylinder pressure and temperature, and send the detection results to the hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen system controller calculates the hydrogen refueling mass according to the received hydrogen cylinder pressure and temperature after the hydrogen refueling is completed. If the hydrogen refueling mass is greater than 0, it is determined that the vehicle has been successfully refueled with hydrogen.

7. A fuel cell vehicle, comprising a vehicle controller and a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system comprises a hydrogen concentration sensor and a hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen concentration sensor is used to detect the hydrogen concentration at the hydrogen refueling port, and the output end of the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected to the hydrogen system controller, characterized in that, the hydrogen system controller is used to, after the hydrogen refueling is successful, receive the hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor at the hydrogen refueling port and determine whether the concentration exceeds a set threshold; If it exceeds the set threshold, record the detection time as the first time, and record the time when the hydrogen concentration value at the hydrogen filling port drops to 0 as the second time; judge whether the time difference between the first time and the second time is less than the set time threshold. If it is less, it is a hydrogen filling port failure; otherwise, it is a hydrogen filling pipeline failure.

8. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the set time threshold is the time required for the complete leakage of hydrogen in the hydrogen filling pipeline.

9. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it further includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor respectively used to detect the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen cylinder, and send the detection results to the hydrogen system controller. After hydrogen filling is completed, the hydrogen system controller calculates the hydrogen filling quality according to the received hydrogen cylinder pressure and temperature. If the hydrogen filling quality is greater than 0, it is determined that the vehicle has successfully filled hydrogen.

10. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the hydrogen system controller is connected to the vehicle controller. When the hydrogen system controller detects a hydrogen filling port failure, the hydrogen system controller sends the detection result to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller sends it to the driver's instrument panel for display.

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