A control device for limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure in both directions

Abstract

This invention relates to a control device for bidirectionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure, comprising an upper cover, a housing, a lower cover, an upper diaphragm, a lower diaphragm, a spring, and a needle plug gap adjustment mechanism. This invention enables the rapid change of cabin pressure during high-speed climbs or dives, while simultaneously controlling the rate of increase and decrease of cabin pressure to not exceed specified values, thereby improving pilot comfort and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aircraft cabin pressure controller technology, and more specifically to a control device for bidirectionally limiting the rate of cabin pressure change. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, pneumatic cabin pressure regulators primarily employ shock absorber mechanisms to limit cabin pressure growth rates. They consist of a top cover, spring, housing, diaphragm assembly, cap, nut, washer, and needle plug. The top cover is mounted to the housing with screws. The diaphragm assembly seals the diaphragm, separating chamber B from chamber Pc. The spring is mounted on the upper end of the diaphragm assembly. The cap, nut, washer, and needle plug are respectively mounted on the top cover. The vents are interconnected, with the needle plug positioned before the vents to restrict airflow. The vents are also interconnected and connected to the atmospheric duct.

[0003] Its working principle is as follows: When the aircraft dives at high speed, the cabin pressure in the Pc cavity rises rapidly. The B cavity in the shock absorber is connected to the Pc cavity through the needle plug (8). Due to the damping effect of the needle plug, when the pressure in the Pc cavity increases rapidly, the pressure in the B cavity increases relatively slowly, thus forming a pressure difference (Pc-PB). This force overcomes the pre-compression force of the spring (2), causing the diaphragm assembly (4) to move upward. The air in the PC cavity is discharged into the atmosphere through the vent 2a and vent 2b. The pressure in the Pc cavity will drop rapidly, thereby limiting the rate of increase of cabin pressure.

[0004] Its disadvantages are:

[0005] This structure can only limit the rate of change of cabin pressure during high-speed dives. When the aircraft climbs at high speed, the cabin pressure in chamber Pc drops rapidly due to the rapid drop in atmospheric pressure. Due to the damping effect of the needle plug, the pressure in chamber B decreases relatively slowly. The pressure difference (Pc-PB) is in the same direction as the force of the spring (2), and the diaphragm assembly (4) is in the closed state. Therefore, it does not play a regulatory role in limiting the rate of cabin pressure drop. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem that while the cabin pressure growth rate is controlled, the cabin pressure drop rate cannot be freely controlled.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0008] A control device for bidirectionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure is provided, comprising an upper cover, a housing, a lower cover, an upper diaphragm, a lower diaphragm, a spring, and a needle plug gap adjustment mechanism;

[0009] The upper cover, shell, and lower cover are sequentially fixedly connected as a single structure, forming a shell cavity in the middle; the upper diaphragm and lower diaphragm are disposed in the shell cavity, and the upper diaphragm and lower diaphragm divide the shell cavity into an upper cavity, a middle cavity, and a lower cavity; a flow-limiting channel is formed between the upper cover and the shell, and a fourth channel connecting the upper cavity and the lower cavity is formed from the upper cover to the lower cover; the spring is disposed in the lower cavity; the fourth channel ensures that the pressure in the upper and lower cavities is the same; a needle plug gap adjustment mechanism is disposed on the upper cover, and the needle plug gap adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the flow rate of the flow-limiting channel;

[0010] The inner wall of the housing extends radially to form a first channel and a second channel, and one end of the first channel and one end of the second channel are both connected to the atmosphere. The other end of the first channel forms a first valve port that cooperates with the upper diaphragm, and the other end of the second channel forms a second valve port that cooperates with the lower diaphragm. The upper diaphragm is located above the first valve port and forms a normally closed first valve port. The spring is disposed between the lower diaphragm and the lower cover, so that the lower diaphragm normally closes the second valve port.

[0011] The shell has a third channel, one end of which is located in the central cavity, and the other end is connected to the cabin through a pipe.

[0012] Working principle: The gas in the cabin always flows into the middle cavity through the third channel (steady-state change). Since there is a flow-limiting channel between the middle cavity and the upper cavity, the pressure in the middle cavity is always greater than that in the upper cavity. This causes the upper diaphragm to be pushed up and open the first channel (the upper diaphragm is very light and its pressure is not on the same order of magnitude as that generated by the airflow, so it is easily pushed up), allowing the cabin to connect to the atmosphere and realizing the cabin pressure drop and return to a steady state.

[0013] When the cabin pressure drops sharply (transient change), due to the flow-limiting channel, the pressure in the middle cavity is less than that in the upper cavity, causing the upper diaphragm to be unable to be pushed up, closing the first channel, and causing the cabin pressure to rise and return to a steady state.

[0014] When the cabin pressure rises sharply (transient change), the pressure in the middle cavity is much greater than that in the upper cavity due to the flow-limiting channel. At this time, the opening of the first channel still does not balance the pressure in the middle cavity. The pressure in the middle cavity acting on the lower diaphragm will overcome the spring preload and open the second channel, further increasing the flow between the cabin and the atmosphere, so that the cabin pressure drops and returns to a steady state.

[0015] Furthermore, the needle plug gap adjustment mechanism includes a nut, a needle plug, a sealing gasket, and a nut; the front end of the needle plug controls the flow rate of the flow-limiting channel, the rear end of the needle plug is a screw, the screw is threadedly engaged with the upper cover, the screw passes through the upper cover and is threadedly engaged with the nut, a sealing gasket is provided between the nut and the upper cover, the nut is fixedly connected to the rear end and forms a sealed connection with the rear end and the nut; the needle plug extends into the flow-limiting channel, and the gap between it and the flow-limiting channel is adjusted by displacement.

[0016] Furthermore, a valve plate is provided on the upper diaphragm corresponding to the first valve port area.

[0017] Furthermore, a valve plate is provided on the lower diaphragm corresponding to the second valve port area.

[0018] Furthermore, the fourth channel extends from the upper cover through the housing to the lower cover.

[0019] Furthermore, there is an angle difference between the first channel and the second channel.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper diaphragm is positioned between the upper cover and the housing.

[0021] Furthermore, the lower diaphragm is disposed between the housing and the lower cover.

[0022] Furthermore, the screw of the needle plug has a fine thread, such as an M6×0.5 fine thread. The use of a fine thread allows for precise adjustment.

[0023] Furthermore, the orifice diameter of the needle plug adjusting the flow limiting channel ranges from Φ0.6 to Φ1 mm.

[0024] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the first, second, and fourth channels is not less than Φ2mm.

[0025] Furthermore, the upper cover, housing, and lower cover are fixedly connected by through bolts.

[0026] The advantages of this invention are: when the cabin pressure changes rapidly during a high-speed climb or dive, this invention can simultaneously control the rate of increase and rate of decrease of cabin pressure to not exceed a specified value, thereby improving the comfort and safety of the pilot. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is another sectional view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4This is another side sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] In the diagram: 1-upper cover, 2-shell, 3-lower cover, 4-spring, 5a-upper diaphragm, 5b-lower diaphragm, 6-nut, 7-needle plug, 8-sealing gasket, 9-nut, 10-bolt, 2f-first channel, 1f-second channel, 2a-third channel, 1b-fourth channel, 1a-flow limiting channel, 2b-first valve port, 2c-second valve port, A-upper cavity, B-middle cavity, Pc-lower cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The features and illustrative embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described in detail. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced without requiring some of these specific details. The following description of embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by illustrating examples of the invention. The invention is by no means limited to any specific setups and methods set forth below, but covers any improvements, substitutions, and modifications to structures, methods, and devices without departing from the spirit of the invention. Well-known structures and techniques are not shown in the drawings and the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the invention.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other, and the various embodiments can be referenced and cited in each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] A control device for bidirectionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure is provided, comprising an upper cover, a housing, a lower cover, an upper diaphragm, a lower diaphragm, a spring, and a needle plug gap adjustment mechanism;

[0035] The upper cover, shell, and lower cover are sequentially fixedly connected as a single structure, forming a shell cavity in the middle; the upper diaphragm and lower diaphragm are disposed in the shell cavity, and the upper diaphragm and lower diaphragm divide the shell cavity into an upper cavity, a middle cavity, and a lower cavity; a flow-limiting channel is formed between the upper cover and the shell, and a fourth channel connecting the upper cavity and the lower cavity is formed from the upper cover to the lower cover; the spring is disposed in the lower cavity; the fourth channel ensures that the pressure in the upper and lower cavities is the same; a needle plug gap adjustment mechanism is disposed on the upper cover, and the needle plug gap adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the flow rate of the flow-limiting channel;

[0036] The inner wall of the housing extends radially to form a first channel and a second channel, and one end of the first channel and one end of the second channel are both connected to the atmosphere. The other end of the first channel forms a first valve port that cooperates with the upper diaphragm, and the other end of the second channel forms a second valve port that cooperates with the lower diaphragm. The upper diaphragm is located above the first valve port and forms a normally closed first valve port. The spring is disposed between the lower diaphragm and the lower cover, so that the lower diaphragm normally closes the second valve port.

[0037] The shell has a third channel, one end of which is located in the central cavity, and the other end is connected to the cabin through a pipe.

[0038] Working principle: The gas in the cabin always flows into the middle cavity through the third channel (steady-state change). Since there is a flow-limiting channel between the middle cavity and the upper cavity, the pressure in the middle cavity is always greater than that in the upper cavity. This causes the upper diaphragm to be pushed up and open the first channel (the upper diaphragm is very light and its pressure is not on the same order of magnitude as that generated by the airflow, so it is easily pushed up), allowing the cabin to connect to the atmosphere and realizing the cabin pressure drop and return to a steady state.

[0039] When the cabin pressure drops sharply (transient change), due to the flow-limiting channel, the pressure in the middle cavity is less than that in the upper cavity, causing the upper diaphragm to be unable to be pushed up, closing the first channel, and causing the cabin pressure to rise and return to a steady state.

[0040] When the cabin pressure rises sharply (transient change), the pressure in the middle cavity is much greater than that in the upper cavity due to the flow-limiting channel. At this time, the opening of the first channel still does not balance the pressure in the middle cavity. The pressure in the middle cavity acting on the lower diaphragm will overcome the spring preload and open the second channel, further increasing the flow between the cabin and the atmosphere, so that the cabin pressure drops and returns to a steady state.

[0041] The needle plug gap adjustment mechanism includes a nut, a needle plug, a sealing gasket, and a nut. The front end of the needle plug controls the flow rate of the flow-limiting channel, and the rear end of the needle plug is a screw. The screw is threaded into the upper cover and threaded into the nut. A sealing gasket is provided between the nut and the upper cover. The nut is fixedly connected to the rear end and forms a sealed connection with the rear end and the nut. The needle plug extends into the flow-limiting channel and the gap between it and the flow-limiting channel is adjusted by displacement.

[0042] A valve plate is provided on the upper diaphragm corresponding to the first valve port area.

[0043] A valve plate is provided on the lower diaphragm corresponding to the second valve port area.

[0044] The fourth channel runs from the upper cover through the housing to the lower cover.

[0045] There is an angle difference between the first channel and the second channel.

[0046] The upper diaphragm is positioned between the upper cover and the housing.

[0047] The lower diaphragm is disposed between the housing and the lower cover.

[0048] The screw of the needle plug has a fine thread, such as an M6×0.5 fine thread. Using a fine thread allows for precise adjustment.

[0049] The diameter of the needle plug adjusting the flow limiting channel ranges from Φ0.6 to Φ1 mm.

[0050] The inner diameter of the first, second, and fourth channels shall not be less than Φ2mm.

[0051] The upper cover, housing, and lower cover are fixedly connected by through bolts.

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control device for bi-directionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure, characterized in that It includes an upper cover, a housing, a lower cover, an upper diaphragm, a lower diaphragm, a spring, and a needle plug gap adjustment mechanism; The upper cover, shell, and lower cover are sequentially fixedly connected as a single structure, forming a shell cavity in the middle; the upper diaphragm and lower diaphragm are disposed in the shell cavity, and the upper diaphragm and lower diaphragm divide the shell cavity into an upper cavity, a middle cavity, and a lower cavity; a limited flow path is formed between the upper cover and the shell, and a fourth channel connecting the upper cavity and the lower cavity is formed from the upper cover to the lower cover; the spring is disposed in the lower cavity; the fourth channel ensures that the pressure in the upper and lower cavities is the same; a needle plug gap adjustment mechanism is disposed on the upper cover, and the needle plug gap adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the flow rate of the limited flow path; The inner wall of the housing extends radially to form a first channel and a second channel, and one end of the first channel and one end of the second channel are both connected to the atmosphere. The other end of the first channel forms a first valve port that cooperates with the upper diaphragm, and the other end of the second channel forms a second valve port that cooperates with the lower diaphragm. The upper diaphragm is located above the first valve port and forms a normally closed first valve port. The spring is disposed between the lower diaphragm and the lower cover, so that the lower diaphragm normally closes the second valve port. The shell has a third channel, one end of which is located in the central cavity, and the other end is connected to the cabin through a pipe.

2. The control device for bi-directionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that The needle plug gap adjustment mechanism includes a nut, a needle plug, a sealing gasket, and a nut. The front end of the needle plug controls the flow rate of the flow-limiting channel, and the rear end of the needle plug is a screw. The screw is threadedly engaged with the upper cover, and the screw passes through the upper cover and is threadedly engaged with the nut. A sealing gasket is provided between the nut and the upper cover. The nut is fixedly connected to the rear end and forms a sealed connection with the rear end and the nut. The needle plug extends into the flow-limiting channel, and the gap between it and the flow-limiting channel is adjusted by displacement.

3. The control device for bi-directionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that A valve plate is provided on the upper diaphragm corresponding to the first valve port area.

4. The control device for bi-directionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that The lower diaphragm is provided with a valve plate corresponding to the second valve port area.

5. The control device for bi-directionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that The fourth channel runs from the upper cover through the housing to the lower cover.

6. The control device for bi-directionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure according to claim 1, wherein There is an angle difference between the first channel and the second channel.

7. The control device for bi-directionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper diaphragm is positioned between the upper cover and the housing.

8. The control device for bidirectional limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that... The lower diaphragm is disposed between the housing and the lower cover, and the upper cover, housing and lower cover are fixedly connected by through bolts.

9. The control device for bi-directionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure according to claim 1, wherein The inner diameter of the first, second, and fourth channels shall not be less than Φ2mm.

10. The control device for bi-directionally limiting the rate of change of cabin pressure according to claim 1, wherein The diameter of the needle plug adjusting the flow limiting channel ranges from Φ0.6 to Φ1 mm.

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