Transmission methods, apparatus, devices and readable storage media

Abstract

This application provides a transmission method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium. The method includes: determining the number of bits K in a preamble transmission, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; determining K bits for transmission based on the number of bits K; mapping the K bits to one or more of a preamble index, a time-domain random access time (RO) index, and a frequency-domain RO index according to a preset mapping rule; and sending a preamble corresponding to the preamble index to a network-side device based on the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to a transmission method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems prior to 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Release 16 (R16), the random access technology used was the traditional 4-step Random Access Channel (4-step RACH) technology. This required four information exchanges between the terminal and the base station to complete the random access process. Figure 1 As shown, they are respectively:

[0003] Step 1: The terminal sends message 1 (Msg1) to the base station on the random access channel. Msg1 is a preamble sequence used by the base station to perform time advance (TA) estimation.

[0004] Step 2: The base station sends message 2 (Msg2) to the terminal. Msg2 is the Random Access Response (RAR) of Msg1, which includes the preamble sequence identifier, TA indication, uplink grant information sent by the terminal to the base station in Msg3, and Temporary Cell Radio-Network Temporary Identifier (TC-RNTI).

[0005] Step 3: When the terminal reads the preamble sequence identifier corresponding to Msg1 in Msg2, the terminal sends message 3 (Msg3) to the base station on the PUSCH using the uplink grant in Msg2.

[0006] Step 4: The base station sends message 4 (Msg4) to the terminal. Msg4 is a response to resolve contention issues. When the terminal detects that Msg4 contains the contention resolution identifier information corresponding to Msg3, it is considered that random access is successful, and the terminal can transition from the Radio Resource Control (RRC) idle (RRC_idle) or inactive (RRC_inactive) state to the RRC connected (RRC_connected) state. Only after entering the RRC connected state can the terminal begin uplink data transmission.

[0007] Therefore, it is evident that the 4-step RACH technology, which relies on multiple information exchanges between the terminal and the base station, introduces significant latency overhead. To reduce latency during the random access process, the 5G R16 release introduced the 2-step RACH technology, such as... Figure 2 As shown, message A (MsgA) performs the functions of Msg1 and Msg3 in the original 4-step RACH, and is transmitted by the terminal to the base station in one go. Simultaneously, message B (MsgB), as the response information to MsgA, performs the functions of Msg2 and Msg4 in the original 4-step RACH, and is transmitted by the base station to the terminal in one go. The 2-step RACH technology improves system transmission efficiency by simplifying the random access procedure.

[0008] In the future sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication technology network, there will be a large demand for the transmission of uplink small data packets such as status reporting and Internet of Things services. However, in the current wireless communication system, data transmission can only occur in the RRC_connected state. In other RRC states, data transmission can only be carried out after successful random access and RRC state switching, which greatly affects the transmission efficiency.

[0009] To address this, researchers have proposed an uplink data transmission mechanism for terminals in a connectionless state, utilizing the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) resources in the Msg3 step of 4-step RACH or the MsgA step of 2-step RACH for uplink scheduling-free small data packet transmission. However, in both 4-step and 2-step RACH, the candidate set size of the preamble sequence is 64. If two or more terminals (e.g., User Equipment (UE)) select the same preamble sequence for random access at the same RACH Occasion (RO), a collision will occur. After the collision is resolved, only one UE's small data packet can be successfully received by the base station; small data packets transmitted by other users will fail. In the future, 6G networks may reach a connection density of 10 million devices per square kilometer. Even if the activation probability of each terminal is as low as 0.01%, there will still be 1,000 devices in the same cell at the same time. If the current preamble set size is maintained, collisions are very likely to occur, which will not only affect the success probability of random access, but also make it difficult to achieve scheduling-free transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This application provides a transmission method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium to solve the problem of how to achieve scheduling-free transmission of small data packets.

[0011] Firstly, a transmission method is provided for use in a terminal, including:

[0012] Determine the number of bits K transmitted in the preamble transmission, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0013] Based on the number of bits K, K bits are determined for transmission, and at least some of the K bits correspond to the data to be transmitted;

[0014] According to the preset mapping rules, the K bits are mapped to one or more of the following: preamble index, time-domain random access RO index, and frequency-domain RO index.

[0015] Based on the time-frequency resource locations determined by the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index, the preamble corresponding to the preamble index is sent to the network-side device.

[0016] Optionally, the step of determining the number of bits K in the preamble transmission includes:

[0017] Based on the total number m of preambles available to the terminal and the current number m1 of preambles used for transmission, the number of bits that the preamble index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K1.

[0018] Based on the total number n of frequency domain multiplexed ROs and the number n1 of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that the frequency domain RO index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K2.

[0019] Based on the total number of time-domain ROs p in the random access channel time slot and the number of time-domain ROs p1 used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that can be implicitly transmitted through the time-domain RO index is determined to be K3.

[0020] The number of bits K implicitly transmitted via index modulation in the preamble transmission is determined to be equal to the sum of K1, K2, and K3.

[0021] Optionally, And / or, and / or

[0022] Optionally, the method further includes one or more of the following:

[0023] Based on the number of available preambles for the terminal configured in the RRC signaling, the total number of available preambles for the terminal is determined to be m, and the number of preambles currently used for transmission is m1.

[0024] Based on the frequency domain multiplexing random access transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, determine the total number of frequency domain multiplexing ROs as n, and the number of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission as n1;

[0025] Based on the resource parameters configured in the RRC signaling for transmitting the preamble, the preamble sequence format is determined; and based on the preamble sequence format and the time-domain multiplexing transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, the total number of time-domain ROs is determined to be p, and the number of time-domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission is p1.

[0026] Optionally, the step of determining K bits based on the number of bits K includes:

[0027] When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is greater than K, K bits are selected from the data to be transmitted according to a preset bit selection rule;

[0028] or,

[0029] When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is equal to K, K bits are determined based on all the bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0030] or,

[0031] When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is less than K, K bits are determined based on all bits in the data to be transmitted and the padding zero bits.

[0032] Optionally, the preset bit selection rule includes any one of the following:

[0033] Select the first K bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0034] Select the last K bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0035] Select K non-consecutive bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted.

[0036] Optionally, the step of mapping the K bits to a preamble index, wherein the preamble contains one or more of the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index, includes:

[0037] In the K bits, the first index bit, the second index bit, and the third index bit are arranged in order from front to back;

[0038] The first index bit is represented by one of the following: preamble index bit, frequency domain RO index bit, and time domain RO index bit.

[0039] The second index bit is represented by one of the preamble index bit, the frequency domain RO index bit, and the time domain RO index bit, and the second index bit is different from the first index bit;

[0040] The third index bit is represented by one of the preamble index bit, the frequency domain RO index bit, and the time domain RO index bit, and the third index bit is different from the first index bit and the second index bit.

[0041] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0042] The mapping rules for index bits configured by the network-side device are received.

[0043] Optionally, the mapping rule for the index bits includes: mapping one-to-one from the smallest index to the largest index in the order of all 0s to all 1s in binary arrangement.

[0044] Secondly, a transmission method is provided, applied to a network-side device, including:

[0045] Receive preamble;

[0046] Based on the preamble, determine one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index, and frequency-domain RO index of the preamble;

[0047] Based on the preamble index, and one or more of the time-domain RO index and / or frequency-domain RO index, and a preset mapping rule, K bits for transmission are determined, where at least some of the K bits correspond to the data to be transmitted by the terminal, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0048] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0049] Send the mapping rules for index bits configured by the network-side device to the terminal.

[0050] Optionally, the mapping rule for the index bits includes: mapping one-to-one from the smallest index to the largest index in the order of all 0s to all 1s in binary arrangement.

[0051] Thirdly, a transmission device is provided for use in a terminal, comprising:

[0052] The first determining module is used to determine the number of bits K in the preamble transmission, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0053] The second determining module is used to determine K bits for transmission based on the number of bits K, wherein at least some of the K bits correspond to the data to be transmitted;

[0054] The mapping module is used to map the K bits into one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index according to a preset mapping rule.

[0055] The first sending module is used to send the preamble corresponding to the preamble index to the network-side device based on the time-frequency resource location determined by the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index.

[0056] Optionally, the first determining module is further configured to:

[0057] Based on the total number m of preambles available to the terminal and the current number m1 of preambles used for transmission, the number of bits that the preamble index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K1.

[0058] Based on the total number n of frequency domain multiplexed ROs and the number n1 of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that the frequency domain RO index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K2.

[0059] Based on the total number of time-domain ROs p in the random access channel time slot and the number of time-domain ROs p1 used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that can be implicitly transmitted through the time-domain RO index is determined to be K3.

[0060] Determine the number K of bits implicitly transmitted via index modulation in the preamble transmission.

[0061] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0062] The third determining module is used to perform one or more of the following:

[0063] Based on the number of available preambles for the terminal configured in the RRC signaling, the total number of available preambles for the terminal is determined to be m, and the number of preambles currently used for transmission is m1.

[0064] Based on the frequency domain multiplexing random access transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, determine the total number of frequency domain multiplexing ROs as n, and the number of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission as n1;

[0065] Based on the resource parameters configured in the RRC signaling for transmitting the preamble, the preamble sequence format is determined; and based on the preamble sequence format and the time-domain multiplexing transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, the total number of time-domain ROs is determined to be p, and the number of time-domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission is p1.

[0066] Optionally, the second determining module is further configured to:

[0067] When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is greater than K, K bits are selected from the data to be transmitted according to a preset bit selection rule;

[0068] or,

[0069] When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is equal to K, K bits are determined based on all the bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0070] or,

[0071] When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is less than K, K bits are determined based on all bits in the data to be transmitted and the padding zero bits.

[0072] Fourthly, a transmission device is provided for use in network-side equipment, comprising:

[0073] The second receiving module is used to receive the preamble;

[0074] The fourth determining module is used to determine one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index of the preamble based on the preamble.

[0075] The fifth determining module is used to determine K bits for transmission based on the preamble index, one or more of the time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index of the preamble, and a preset mapping rule, wherein at least some of the K bits correspond to the data to be transmitted by the terminal, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0076] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0077] The second sending module is used to send the mapping rules of index bits configured by the network-side device to the terminal.

[0078] Fifthly, a terminal is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, performs the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0079] In a sixth aspect, a network-side device is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0080] A seventh aspect provides a readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0081] In this embodiment, the preamble index, time-domain RO index, and / or frequency-domain RO index during the preamble transmission phase of the random access process are used as new information transmission dimensions. Through the mapping between transmitted bits and the above information, the terminal can select a preamble index and place the preamble on a specific time-frequency resource, thereby achieving implicit transmission of transmitted bits. The base station can obtain the corresponding terminal's bit information by detecting the preamble, thus realizing scheduling-free transmission of small data packets. Attached Figure Description

[0082] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0083] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the 4-step RACH random access procedure;

[0084] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the 2-step RACH random access procedure;

[0085] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system that can be applied to the embodiments of the application;

[0086] Figure 4 This is one of the flowcharts of the transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0087] Figure 5 This is the second flowchart of the transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0088] Figure 6 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0089] Figure 7 This is a second schematic diagram of the transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0090] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the network-side device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0092] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0093] The term "comprising," and any variations thereof, used in the specification and claims of this application, is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. Furthermore, the use of "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, such as A and / or B, indicating the inclusion of A alone, B alone, or both A and B.

[0094] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0095] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. However, the following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description, although these technologies can also be applied to applications other than NR systems, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems.

[0096] In both standardization discussions and academic research, terminals cannot transmit any data to the base station during the preamble transmission phase of 4-step RACH and 2-step RACH. The main function of the preamble phase is to perform activation detection and estimate TA (Activity Detection). However, if the design concept of index modulation (IM) can be applied to the preamble transmission phase, then the randomly selected preamble index and the time-domain and frequency-domain RO (Representation of Occurrence) in each RACH slot can be transmitted as an additional dimension for transmitting several bits of data. By recognizing these indices, the base station can recover these bits of data, thereby achieving "implicit" reporting of small data packets, which helps to meet the scheduling-free transmission requests of massive numbers of terminal devices in future 6G networks.

[0097] Indexed modulation, as a potential key technology for future 6G, can achieve higher spectral and energy efficiency compared to traditional systems by carrying partial information through indexes. Existing indexed modulation technology includes two parts: spatial modulation technology and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) indexed modulation technology.

[0098] As a special type of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology, spatial modulation can not only transmit information through transmitted symbols but also carry information using the sequence numbers of activated transmit antennas. Since only a subset of antennas are activated at a time, a dedicated radio frequency link is not required for each antenna at the transmitting end, significantly reducing system costs compared to traditional MIMO systems. Furthermore, spatial modulation can reduce or even eliminate inter-antenna interference, simplifying receiver design and improving overall system performance. Similar to spatial modulation, OFDM indexed modulation can also transmit information through transmitted symbols and carry information using the sequence numbers of activated subcarriers. Compared to traditional OFDM systems, it effectively reduces peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and inter-carrier interference, and achieves better system performance under low-order modulation.

[0099] See Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 31 and a network-side device 32. The terminal 31 can also be referred to as a terminal device or user equipment (UE). The terminal 31 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), wearable device, vehicle user equipment (VUE), pedestrian user equipment (PUE), etc. Wearable devices include wristbands, headphones, glasses, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 31 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0100] Network-side device 32 can be a base station or a core network. The base station can be referred to as a node B, evolved node B, access point, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), B node, evolved B node (eNB), home B node, home evolved B node, WLAN access point, WiFi node, TRP, or any other suitable term in the field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in this application embodiment, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example, but the specific type of base station is not limited.

[0101] See Figure 4 This application provides a transmission method, which can be executed by a terminal. The specific steps include: step 401, step 402, step 403 and step 404.

[0102] Step 401: Determine the number of bits K in the preamble transmission, where K is greater than or equal to 1;

[0103] For example, when a terminal performs random access, the number of bits K that can be implicitly transmitted through index modulation in this preamble transmission can be determined based on the configuration information issued by the network-side equipment (such as the base station).

[0104] Step 402: Determine K bits for transmission based on the number of bits K, wherein at least some of the K bits correspond to the data to be transmitted;

[0105] Step 403: According to the preset mapping rules, map the K bits to one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index, and frequency-domain RO index;

[0106] For example, the terminal can select K bits from the data to be transmitted according to the bit selection rules specified by the cell, and map these K bits to one or more of the following according to the implicit transmission bit mapping rules of the cell: preamble index, frequency domain RO index, time domain RO index, etc. For example, selecting a preamble based on K bits, and placing the preamble at the time domain and frequency domain RO positions.

[0107] Step 404: Based on the time-frequency resource location determined by the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index, send the preamble corresponding to the preamble index to the network-side device.

[0108] In one embodiment of this application, the step of determining the number of bits K implicitly transmitted via index modulation in the preamble transmission, i.e., step 401, includes:

[0109] Step 4011: Based on the total number of preambles available to the terminal m and the current number of preambles used m1, determine the number of bits that the preamble index can implicitly transmit as K1;

[0110] For example, a terminal can determine the total number of available preambles (m) and the current number of preambles used in transmission (m1) based on the preamble count parameter configured in the radio resource control (RRC) signaling. Then, the number of bits that can be implicitly transmitted through the preamble index is...

[0111] Step 4012: Based on the total number n of frequency domain multiplexed ROs and the number n1 of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission, determine the number of bits that the frequency domain RO index can implicitly transmit as K2.

[0112] For example, if the terminal determines the total number of frequency domain multiplexing RO opportunities as n based on the frequency domain multiplexing random access transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, and the number of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission is n1, then the number of bits that can be implicitly transmitted through the frequency domain RO index is...

[0113] Step 4013: Based on the total number of time-domain ROs p in the random access channel time slot and the number of time-domain ROs p1 used in the current preamble transmission, determine the number of bits that can be implicitly transmitted through the time-domain RO index as K3;

[0114] For example, the terminal determines the preamble sequence format based on the RACH resource parameters configured in the RRC signaling for transmitting the random access preamble; if the terminal determines the total number of time-domain ROs in a RACH slot to be p, and the number of time-domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission to be p1, based on the time-domain multiplexing transmission opportunity parameters therein, then the number of bits that can be implicitly transmitted through the time-domain RO index is...

[0115] Step 4014: Determine that the number K of bits implicitly transmitted via index modulation in the preamble transmission is equal to the sum of K1, K2, and K3.

[0116] For example, the number of bits K = K1 + K2 + K3 that the current terminal can implicitly transmit through index modulation during the preamble transmission phase of this random access.

[0117] In one embodiment of this application, the step of determining K bits based on the number of bits K, step 402 includes: step 4021, step 4022, or step 4023.

[0118] Step 4021: When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is greater than K, select K bits from the data to be transmitted according to the preset bit selection rule;

[0119] In one embodiment of this application, the preset bit selection rule includes any one of the following:

[0120] (1) Select the first K bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0121] (2) Select the last K bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0122] (3) Select K non-consecutive bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted.

[0123] For example, K non-contiguous bits can be selected at preset intervals; the remaining bits can be transmitted on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) resources during the random access process, or they can be sent after the terminal enters the RRC_connected state.

[0124] Step 4022: When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is equal to K, determine K bits based on all the bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0125] In other words, when the number of bits of data to be transmitted by the terminal is equal to K, all data bits only need to be implicitly transmitted during the preamble transmission stage through index modulation.

[0126] Step 4023: When the number of bits in the service data to be transmitted by the terminal is less than K, determine K bits based on all bits and padding bits in the data to be transmitted.

[0127] For example, when the number of bits to be transmitted by the terminal is less than K, zeros are padded before the bits to be transmitted to make the number of bits reach K. In this case, all data only needs to be implicitly transmitted through index modulation.

[0128] In one embodiment of this application, the step of mapping the K bits to preamble indices, wherein the preamble contains one or more of the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index, i.e., step 403, includes:

[0129] In the K bits, the first index bit, the second index bit, and the third index bit are arranged in order from front to back;

[0130] The first index bit is represented by one of the following: preamble index bit, frequency domain RO index bit, and time domain RO index bit.

[0131] The second index bit is represented by one of the preamble index bit, the frequency domain RO index bit, and the time domain RO index bit, and the second index bit is different from the first index bit;

[0132] The third index bit is represented by one of the preamble index bit, the frequency domain RO index bit, and the time domain RO index bit, and the third index bit is different from the first index bit and the second index bit.

[0133] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes:

[0134] The mapping rules for index bits configured by the network-side device are received.

[0135] In one embodiment of this application, the mapping rule of the index bits includes: mapping one-to-one from the smallest index to the largest index in the order of all 0s to all 1s in binary arrangement.

[0136] In this embodiment, when a terminal initiates a random access request in a cell, the terminal first determines the number of available preamble sequences, the number of frequency domain RO multiplexes, and the number of time domain RO multiplexes under a short preamble sequence based on the configuration information issued by the base station. Based on this, the terminal determines the number of bits K that can be implicitly transmitted via index modulation in this preamble transmission. Next, the terminal selects K bits from the data to be transmitted according to a bit selection rule, selects the corresponding preamble index according to the mapping rule specified by the cell, and places the preamble on the frequency domain RO and time domain RO determined by the mapping rule for transmission. Then, upon receiving the preamble, the base station detects the preamble, determines the corresponding preamble index, and the frequency domain RO and time domain RO indices where the preamble is placed, and recovers the bit information according to the mapping rule specified by the cell.

[0137] In this embodiment, scheduling-free small data packet transmission is achieved. By mapping the data bit information in the data service to be transmitted to preamble indexes, time-domain indexes, and frequency-domain RO indices, implicit transmission of bit sequences during the preamble transmission phase is realized. The base station can know the above bit information by detecting the preamble, thereby achieving scheduling-free transmission of small data packets in the RRC_idle and RRC_inactive states, without waiting for the terminal to enter the RRC_connected state before data transmission can begin.

[0138] In this embodiment, bits transmitted using index modulation are unaffected by preamble collisions. In traditional 4-step RACH or 2-step RACH, if multiple terminals simultaneously select the same preamble sequence on the same RO during the preamble phase, a collision occurs. The result of collision resolution is that at most only one terminal can successfully access the network, while the random access process for the remaining terminals fails. However, in this embodiment, if multiple terminals experience preamble collisions, it only proves that the data they implicitly transmit on the preamble index and the time-domain and frequency-domain RO indices are completely identical. The base station can distinguish between different terminals using the C-RNTI or core network terminal identifier carried on the subsequent PUSCH resource. Although using the same preamble still causes collisions, and only one terminal can still successfully access the network while the small data packets carried by other terminals on the PUSCH fail to transmit, several bits transmitted using index modulation during the preamble transmission phase are unaffected by preamble collisions; that is, the implicitly transmitted bits are irrelevant to the result of the contention resolution.

[0139] In this embodiment, bits transmitted based on index modulation do not require uplink synchronization beforehand. In a traditional 4-step RACH, the base station performs TA estimation based on Msg1 and feeds back the TA adjustment to the terminal in Msg2. Therefore, in Msg3 and subsequent uplink transmissions, data from different terminals can arrive at the base station simultaneously, achieving uplink synchronization. In a 2-step RACH, since MsgA performs the functions of both Msg1 and Msg3 in the original 4-step RACH, the PUSCH in MsgA does not undergo TA adjustment. Therefore, the current 2-step RACH is mainly used in small cell and microcell scenarios. In this scenario, due to the small cell radius, the PUSCH data arriving asynchronously at the base station can also be controlled within the range of the cyclic prefix (CP). However, since the embodiments of this application use the index of the preamble as well as the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index to transmit information, and the preambles of different terminals are always likely to arrive at the base station asynchronously, the small data packets transmitted in the embodiments of this application do not need to be synchronized uplink, and will not add extra detection complexity to the base station.

[0140] See Figure 5 This application provides a transmission method, the execution subject of which is a network-side device, and the specific steps include: step 501, step 502 and step 503.

[0141] Step 501: Receive the preamble;

[0142] Step 502: Based on the preamble, determine one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index, and frequency-domain RO index of the preamble;

[0143] Step 503: Determine K bits for transmission based on the preamble index, one or more of the time-domain RO index and / or frequency-domain RO index, and a preset mapping rule, wherein at least some of the K bits correspond to the data to be transmitted by the terminal, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0144] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes:

[0145] Send the mapping rules for index bits configured by the network-side device to the terminal.

[0146] In one embodiment of this application, the mapping rule of the index bits includes: mapping one-to-one from the smallest index to the largest index in the order of all 0s to all 1s in binary arrangement.

[0147] In this embodiment of the application, after receiving the preamble sent by the terminal, the base station performs relevant detection on the preamble to determine the index of the preamble and the time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index carrying the preamble. According to the mapping rules in the cell and the arrangement rules of the three parts of the index bits, the base station recovers the implicit transmission bits of the terminal in the preamble stage, thereby realizing the scheduling-free small data packet transmission.

[0148] Scenario 1: In situations where there is no prior terminal information on the network, this embodiment of the application is applicable to certain special scenarios requiring ultra-low latency. This is because, for any random access procedure, the preamble is the first information received by the base station, such as in unmanned factories, telemedicine, smart mines, and autonomous driving. For example, several consecutive specific "0" and "1" bits can be considered alarm information in a mine. When any monitoring device in the mine detects danger information such as fire, explosion, or flood, it can send the preamble corresponding to that specific information to notify the base station in the shortest possible time. The base station can then decode the information implicitly transmitted in the preamble to quickly ascertain the existence of the danger. In this case, the base station may not even need to obtain the terminal's ID; it can simply broadcast the alarm information to all terminals.

[0149] Scenario 2: When the network has prior knowledge of the terminal's information, this embodiment of the application is applicable to the transmission of small data packets in RRC_idle and RRC_inactive states, such as the periodic reporting of small data packets by IoT terminals like smart meter reading and environmental monitoring, which helps to achieve terminal energy saving. For the above-mentioned small data packet uplink transmission scenarios, the amount of data transmitted periodically is very small. If these terminals are required to transform into RRC connected state through 2-step RACH or 4-step RACH before transmitting uplink small data packets, the energy efficiency of the terminals will be significantly reduced. If small data packets can be implicitly transmitted through index modulation, these terminals may be able to complete the reporting of small data packets in a non-RRC connected state, thereby achieving energy saving for IoT terminals.

[0150] The embodiments of this application are applicable to both small data packet scenarios of massive IoT devices in future 6G networks and low-latency, high-reliability scenarios.

[0151] The following describes two embodiments of this application with specific examples.

[0152] Example 1:

[0153] If, before initiating a random access request, a terminal obtains the following three parameters via RRC signaling: ssb-perRACH-occasion = one, CB-PreamblesPerSSB = n64, Msg1-FDM = 4, and prach-ConfigurationIndex = 150, then the terminal has m = 64 available preambles and n = 4 frequency domain reused ROs. Referring to Table 6.3.3.2-2 of the 3GPP 38.211 protocol, the current terminal uses a preamble format of A3, which is a short sequence of length 139, therefore its time domain RO count p = 2. Furthermore, the terminal also obtains three other parameters via RRC signaling: preamble-number-perRACH-occasion = 1, FD-number-perRACH-occasion = 1, and TD-number-perRACH-occasion = 1. Therefore, m1 = n1 = p1 = 1.

[0154] Therefore, K1 = 6, K2 = 2, and K3 = 1. Thus, the number of bits implicitly transmitted via index modulation during this preamble transmission phase is K = K1 + K2 + K3 = 9. Assuming that the three bits K1, K2, and K3 are arranged consecutively from beginning to end within the cell, and the terminal selects 9 bits as 101100101 according to a certain rule, then the preamble index corresponds to the 6 bits "101100", the frequency domain RO index corresponds to the 2 bits "10", and the time domain RO index corresponds to the 1 bit "1". If we assume that each index in the cell is arranged in ascending binary order from all 0s to all 1s, then "101100" means that the terminal should select preamble number 44, "10" means the second frequency domain RO, and "1" means the first time domain RO. That is, the terminal should select preamble index 44 and transmit it at the PRACH time-frequency position jointly determined by the second frequency domain RO and the first time domain RO.

[0155] After the base station performs relevant detection on the preamble, it determines the three parts of bits implicitly transmitted by the terminal during the preamble transmission stage as 101100 / 10 / 1 by looking up the table based on the detection result of the preamble index and the time-frequency position of the preamble. These parts are then merged into 101100101 according to the bit arrangement rules, thereby recovering the bit information of the implicit transmission.

[0156] Example 2:

[0157] Similar to Example 1, if a terminal obtains the following three parameters from RRC signaling before initiating a random access request: ssb-perRACH-occasion = one, CB-PreamblesPerSSB = n64, Msg1-FDM = 4, and prach-ConfigurationIndex = 150. However, the terminal also obtains the following three other parameters from RRC signaling: preamble-number-perRACH-occasion = 2, FD-number-perRACH-occasion = 1, and TD-number-perRACH-occasion = 1. Therefore, m1 = 2, n1 = p1 = 1, meaning that two preambles can be selected for overlay transmission each time.

[0158] Therefore, K1 = 12, K2 = 2, and K3 = 1. Thus, the number of bits implicitly transmitted via index modulation during this preamble transmission phase is K = K1 + K2 + K3 = 15. Assuming that the three bits K1, K2, and K3 are arranged consecutively from beginning to end within the cell, and the terminal selects 15 bits according to a certain rule as 110011101100101, then the preamble index corresponds to the 12 bits "110011101100", the frequency domain RO index corresponds to the 2 bits "10", and the time domain RO index corresponds to the 1 bit "1". If we assume that each index in the cell is arranged in ascending binary order from all 0s to all 1s, then "110011101100" means that the terminal should select preambles 51 and 44 and transmit them together; "10" represents the second frequency domain RO; "1" represents the first time domain RO, that is, the terminal should select preamble index 51 and preamble index 44, and transmit them together at the PRACH time-frequency position determined by the second frequency domain RO and the first time domain RO.

[0159] After the base station performs relevant detection on the preamble, it determines the three parts of bits implicitly transmitted by the terminal during the preamble transmission stage as 110011101100 / 10 / 1 based on the detection result of the preamble index and the time-frequency position where the preamble is placed, by looking up a table. These parts are then merged into 110011101100101 according to the bit arrangement rules, thereby recovering the bit information of the implicit transmission.

[0160] See Figure 6 This application provides a transmission device applied to a terminal. The device 600 includes:

[0161] The first determining module 601 is used to determine the number of bits K in the preamble transmission, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0162] The second determining module 602 is used to determine K bits for transmission based on the number of bits K, wherein at least some of the K bits correspond to the data to be transmitted;

[0163] The mapping module 603 is used to map the K bits into one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index according to a preset mapping rule.

[0164] The first sending module 604 is used to send the preamble corresponding to the preamble index to the network-side device based on the time-frequency resource location determined by the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index.

[0165] In one embodiment of this application, the first determining module 601 is further configured to:

[0166] Based on the total number m of preambles available to the terminal and the current number m1 of preambles used for transmission, the number of bits that the preamble index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K1.

[0167] Based on the total number n of frequency domain multiplexed ROs and the number n1 of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that the frequency domain RO index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K2.

[0168] Based on the total number of time-domain ROs p in the random access channel time slot and the number of time-domain ROs p1 used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that can be implicitly transmitted through the time-domain RO index is determined to be K3.

[0169] The number of bits K implicitly transmitted via index modulation in the preamble transmission is determined to be equal to the sum of K1, K2, and K3.

[0170] In one embodiment of this application, And / or, and / or

[0171] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0172] The third determining module is used to perform one or more of the following:

[0173] Based on the number of available preambles for the terminal configured in the RRC signaling, the total number of available preambles for the terminal is determined to be m, and the number of preambles currently used for transmission is m1.

[0174] Based on the frequency domain multiplexing random access transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, determine the total number of frequency domain multiplexing ROs as n, and the number of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission as n1;

[0175] Based on the resource parameters configured in the RRC signaling for transmitting the preamble, the preamble sequence format is determined; and based on the preamble sequence format and the time-domain multiplexing transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, the total number of time-domain ROs is determined to be p, and the number of time-domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission is p1.

[0176] In one embodiment of this application, the second determining module 602 is further configured to:

[0177] When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is greater than K, K bits are selected from the data to be transmitted according to the preset bit selection rules;

[0178] or,

[0179] When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is equal to K, K bits are determined based on all the bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0180] or,

[0181] When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is less than K, K bits are determined based on all bits in the data to be transmitted and the padding zero bits.

[0182] In one embodiment of this application, the preset bit selection rule includes any one of the following:

[0183] Select the first K bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0184] Select the last K bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted;

[0185] Select K non-consecutive bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted.

[0186] In one embodiment of this application, the mapping module is further configured to:

[0187] In the K bits, the first index bit, the second index bit, and the third index bit are arranged in order from front to back;

[0188] The first index bit is represented by one of the following: preamble index bit, frequency domain RO index bit, and time domain RO index bit.

[0189] The second index bit is represented by one of the preamble index bit, the frequency domain RO index bit, and the time domain RO index bit, and the second index bit is different from the first index bit;

[0190] The third index bit is represented by one of the preamble index bit, the frequency domain RO index bit, and the time domain RO index bit, and the third index bit is different from the first index bit and the second index bit.

[0191] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0192] The first receiving module is used to receive the mapping rules of the index bits configured by the network-side device.

[0193] In one embodiment of this application, the mapping rule of the index bits includes: mapping one-to-one from the smallest index to the largest index in the order of all 0s to all 1s in binary arrangement.

[0194] The apparatus provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 4 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments shown achieve the same technical effects, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0195] See Figure 7 This application provides a transmission device applied to a network-side device. The device 700 includes:

[0196] The second receiving module 701 is used to receive the preamble;

[0197] The fourth determining module 702 is used to determine one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index of the preamble based on the preamble.

[0198] The fifth determining module 703 is used to determine K bits for transmission based on one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index, and a preset mapping rule, wherein at least some of the K bits correspond to the data to be transmitted by the terminal, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0199] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0200] The second sending module is used to send the mapping rules of index bits configured by the network-side device to the terminal.

[0201] In one embodiment of this application, the mapping rule of the index bits includes: mapping one-to-one from the smallest index to the largest index in the order of all 0s to all 1s in binary arrangement.

[0202] The apparatus provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 5 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments shown achieve the same technical effects, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0203] Figure 8 To realize the hardware structure diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of this application, the terminal 800 includes, but is not limited to, components such as: radio frequency unit 801, network module 802, audio output unit 803, input unit 804, sensor 805, display unit 806, user input unit 807, interface unit 808, memory 809, and processor 810.

[0204] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terminal 800 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 810 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Figure 8 The terminal structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0205] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 804 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 8041 and a microphone 8042. The GPU 8041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 806 may include a display panel 8061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 807 includes a touch panel 8071 and other input devices 8072. The touch panel 8071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 8071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 8072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and a joystick, which will not be described in detail here.

[0206] In this embodiment, the radio frequency unit 801 receives downlink data from the network-side device and processes it for the processor 810; additionally, it sends uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 801 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.

[0207] Memory 809 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. Memory 8709 may mainly include a program or instruction storage area and a data storage area. The program or instruction storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.). In addition, memory 809 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, wherein the non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. For example, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.

[0208] Processor 810 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 810 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and applications or instructions, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 810.

[0209] The terminal provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 4 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments shown achieve the same technical effects, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0210] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the network-side device used in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the network-side device 900 includes: a processor 901, a transceiver 902, a memory 903, and a bus interface, wherein:

[0211] In one embodiment of the present invention, the network-side device 900 further includes: a program stored on a memory 903 and executable on a processor 901, wherein the program, when executed by the processor 901, implements as follows: Figure 5 The steps of the illustrated embodiment.

[0212] exist Figure 9In this context, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits together, represented by one or more processors (processor 901) and memory (memory 903). The bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 902 can be multiple elements, including transmitters and receivers, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium.

[0213] The processor 901 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, while the memory 903 can store the data used by the processor 901 when performing operations.

[0214] The network-side device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 5 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments shown achieve the same technical effects, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0215] This application embodiment also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described functionality. Figure 4 or Figure 5 The various processes of the method embodiments shown can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0216] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0217] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in this application can be implemented in hardware or by executing software instructions on a processor. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in RAM, flash memory, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, registers, hard disk, portable hard disk, read-only optical disk, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can be housed in an ASIC. Alternatively, the ASIC can be housed in a core network interface device. Of course, the processor and storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the core network interface device.

[0218] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in one or more of the examples above, the functions described in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0219] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made on the basis of the technical solution of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0220] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, embodiments of this application can take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, entirely software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of this application can take the form of computer program products implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0221] This application describes embodiments of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0222] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0223] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0224] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A transmission method applied to a terminal, characterized in that, include: Determine the number of bits K in the preamble transmission, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Based on the number of bits K, determine the K bits to be used for transmission; According to the preset mapping rules, the K bits are mapped to one or more of the following: preamble index, time-domain random access RO index, and frequency-domain RO index. Based on the time-frequency resource locations determined by the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index, the preamble corresponding to the preamble index is sent to the network-side device. The step of determining the number of bits K in the preamble transmission includes: Based on the total number m of preambles available to the terminal and the current number m1 of preambles used for transmission, the number of bits that the preamble index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K1. Based on the total number n of frequency domain multiplexed ROs and the number n1 of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that the frequency domain RO index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K2. Based on the total number of time-domain ROs p in the random access channel time slot and the number of time-domain ROs p1 used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that can be implicitly transmitted through the time-domain RO index is determined to be K3. Determine that the number of bits K in the preamble transmission is equal to the sum of K1, K2, and K3.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, And / or, and / or 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes one or more of the following: Based on the number of available preambles for the terminal configured in the Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, the total number of available preambles for the terminal is determined to be m, and the number of preambles currently used for transmission is m1. Based on the frequency domain multiplexing random access transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, determine the total number of frequency domain multiplexing ROs as n, and the number of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission as n1; Based on the resource parameters configured in the RRC signaling for transmitting the preamble, the preamble sequence format is determined; and based on the preamble sequence format and the time-domain multiplexing transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, the total number of time-domain ROs is determined to be p, and the number of time-domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission is p1.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining K bits based on the number of bits K includes: When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is greater than K, K bits are selected from the data to be transmitted according to a preset bit selection rule; or, When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is equal to K, K bits are determined based on all the bits in the data to be transmitted; or, When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is less than K, K bits are determined based on all bits in the data to be transmitted and the padding zero bits.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preset bit selection rule includes any one of the following: Select the first K bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted; Select the last K bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted; Select K non-consecutive bits from all bits in the data to be transmitted.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of mapping the K bits to one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index, and frequency-domain RO index includes: In the K bits, the first index bit, the second index bit, and the third index bit are arranged in order from front to back; The first index bit is represented by one of the following: preamble index bit, frequency domain RO index bit, and time domain RO index bit; The second index bit is represented by one of the preamble index bit, the frequency domain RO index bit, and the time domain RO index bit, and the second index bit is different from the first index bit; The third index bit is represented by one of the preamble index bit, the frequency domain RO index bit, and the time domain RO index bit, and the third index bit is different from the first index bit and the second index bit.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The mapping rules for index bits configured by the network-side device are received.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mapping rules for the index bits include: mapping one-to-one from the smallest index to the largest index in the order of all 0s to all 1s in binary arrangement.

9. A transmission method applied to a network-side device, characterized in that, include: Receive preamble; Based on the preamble, determine one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index, and frequency-domain RO index of the preamble; Based on one or more of the time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index of the preamble index, and a preset mapping rule, determine K bits for transmission, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Wherein, the K bits used for transmission are determined by the terminal based on the number of bits K, which is determined by the terminal in the following manner: based on the total number of preambles available to the terminal m and the number of preambles currently used m1, the number of bits that the preamble index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K1; based on the total number of frequency domain multiplexed ROs n and the number of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission n1, the number of bits that the frequency domain RO index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K2; based on the total number of time domain ROs in the random access channel time slot p and the number of time domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission p1, the number of bits that can implicitly transmit through the time domain RO index is determined to be K3; the number of bits K in the preamble transmission is determined to be equal to the sum of K1, K2, and K3.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send the mapping rules for index bits configured by the network-side device to the terminal.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The mapping rules for the index bits include: mapping one-to-one from the smallest index to the largest index in the order of all 0s to all 1s in binary arrangement.

12. A transmission device applied to a terminal, characterized in that, include: The first determining module is used to determine the number of bits K in the preamble transmission, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The second determining module is used to determine K bits for transmission based on the number of bits K; The mapping module is used to map the K bits into one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index according to a preset mapping rule. The first sending module is used to send the preamble corresponding to the preamble index to the network-side device through the time-frequency resource location determined by the time-domain RO index and the frequency-domain RO index; The first determining module is further configured to: Based on the total number m of preambles available to the terminal and the current number m1 of preambles used for transmission, the number of bits that the preamble index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K1. Based on the total number n of frequency domain multiplexed ROs and the number n1 of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that the frequency domain RO index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K2. Based on the total number of time-domain ROs p in the random access channel time slot and the number of time-domain ROs p1 used in the current preamble transmission, the number of bits that can be implicitly transmitted through the time-domain RO index is determined to be K3. The number of bits K implicitly transmitted via index modulation in the preamble transmission is determined to be equal to the sum of K1, K2, and K3.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that, The device further includes: The third determining module is used to perform one or more of the following: Based on the number of available preambles for the terminal configured in the RRC signaling, the total number of available preambles for the terminal is determined to be m, and the number of preambles currently used for transmission is m1. Based on the frequency domain multiplexing random access transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, determine the total number of frequency domain multiplexing ROs as n, and the number of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission as n1; Based on the resource parameters configured in the RRC signaling for transmitting the preamble, the preamble sequence format is determined; and based on the preamble sequence format and the time-domain multiplexing transmission opportunity parameters configured in the RRC signaling, the total number of time-domain ROs is determined to be p, and the number of time-domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission is p1.

14. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that, The second determining module is further used for: When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is greater than K, K bits are selected from the data to be transmitted according to a preset bit selection rule; or, When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is equal to K, K bits are determined based on all the bits in the data to be transmitted; or, When the number of bits in the data to be transmitted by the terminal is less than K, K bits are determined based on all bits in the data to be transmitted and the padding zero bits.

15. A transmission device, applied to network-side equipment, characterized in that, include: The second receiving module is used to receive the preamble; The fourth determining module is used to determine one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index of the preamble based on the preamble. The fifth determining module is used to determine K bits for transmission based on one or more of the preamble index, time-domain RO index and frequency-domain RO index, and a preset mapping rule, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Wherein, the K bits used for transmission are determined by the terminal based on the number of bits K, which is determined by the terminal in the following manner: based on the total number of preambles available to the terminal m and the number of preambles currently used m1, the number of bits that the preamble index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K1; based on the total number of frequency domain multiplexed ROs n and the number of frequency domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission n1, the number of bits that the frequency domain RO index can implicitly transmit is determined to be K2; based on the total number of time domain ROs in the random access channel time slot p and the number of time domain ROs used in the current preamble transmission p1, the number of bits that can implicitly transmit through the time domain RO index is determined to be K3; the number of bits K in the preamble transmission is determined to be equal to the sum of K1, K2, and K3.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that, The device further includes: The second sending module is used to send the mapping rules of the index bits configured by the network-side device to the terminal.

17. A terminal, characterized in that, include: A processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.

18. A network-side device, characterized in that, include: A processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 9 to 10.

19. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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