Fracturing real-time data system and application method

Abstract

The present invention provides a real-time data system for fracturing and an application method. The system includes a data acquisition unit and a pumping unit. The data acquisition unit is used to collect and generate real-time data for fracturing. The pumping unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to simulate in real time the movement process of the fluid in the wellbore during fracturing pumping. The pumping unit includes a judgment module, a sand adding module and a liquid injection module. The judgment module is used to judge whether the sand concentration is zero. The liquid injection module is connected to the judgment module and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage to judge whether the liquid type needs to be changed and calculate the real-time depth. The sand adding module is connected to the judgment module and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage to judge whether the sand concentration or sand type needs to be changed and calculate the real-time depth. The application method includes using the real-time data system for fracturing to confirm the construction progress. The present invention can conveniently and quickly view and grasp the construction progress, provide decision-making basis for engineering personnel, and improve work accuracy and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas fracturing, and in particular to a real-time fracturing data system and a real-time fracturing data application method. Background Art

[0002] In some parts of my country, shale gas reservoirs are deep and dense, and fracturing often requires large displacement and large liquid volume to achieve an effective transformation area. This leads to high construction pressure and high risk of accidents. In recent years, the fracturing production tasks of shale gas wells have become more and more numerous, and the workload is large, requiring engineering and technical experts to judge and remotely command operations to guide on-site operations.

[0003] In the process of solving the problem of fracturing pumping, the movement process of fracturing fluid and sand-carrying fluid in the wellbore cannot be truly observed, and the curves of construction data such as pump pressure, casing pressure, displacement, sand concentration, design pumping procedures and construction history data cannot be conveniently and quickly viewed and the construction progress can be mastered. It is more dependent on technicians to read relevant paper materials, manually calculate engineering parameters, and determine the measures and subsequent processes required for subsequent operations. For example, the invention patent application with publication number CN114183113A discloses a method for simplifying the characterization of shale gas well fracturing crack morphology, which includes fracturing reservoirs to form a fracture network; based on the results of on-site microseismic monitoring, describing the expansion law of hydraulic fractures and the interaction with natural fractures, and based on the results of on-site microseismic interpretation, obtaining the relevant parameters of the formed fracture network: fracture length, fracture extension width, and fracture area. Quantitative characterization of fractures; simplified characterization of fracturing fractures: fractal theory is used to obtain the fractal dimension D of complex fracture systems; the fractal dimension D, a characterization parameter of the complexity of the fracture, is combined with the quantitative characterization parameter. This method can simulate the crack propagation process more accurately, but the data is not intuitive, dynamic, or visualized, and cannot be presented quickly and comprehensively, which is not conducive to remote guidance of fracturing well site operations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. For example, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a real-time fracturing data system for the above-mentioned problems, which can comprehensively display real-time data, design data, engineering calculations and construction history data during the fracturing process, enrich the display of data on the interface of the real-time fracturing data system, judge different stages of the pumping process, and provide decision-making basis for engineering personnel.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a real-time fracturing data system on one hand.

[0006] The real-time fracturing data system comprises: a data acquisition unit and a pumping unit; the data acquisition unit is configured to acquire and generate real-time fracturing data; the pumping unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to simulate in real time the movement process of the fluid in the wellbore during fracturing pumping.

[0007] Wherein, the pumping unit comprises a judgment module, a sand adding module and a liquid injection module, and the judgment module is used to judge whether the sand concentration is zero.

[0008] The injection module is connected to the judgment module, and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage when the sand concentration is zero. When the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid type is changed and the color of the liquid label is switched, and the label displays the real-time depth of the current liquid; when the liquid volume in the current stage is greater than or equal to the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid type and label remain unchanged.

[0009] The sand adding module is connected to the judgment module, and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage when the sand concentration is not equal to zero. When the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the liquid volume in the previous stage, the sand concentration or sand type is changed and the color of the label of the liquid is switched, and the label displays the real-time depth of the current proppant; when the liquid volume in the current stage is greater than or equal to the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid and the label remain unchanged.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention, the calculation model of the real-time position is:

[0011]

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention, the real-time fracturing data system further comprises a formation data acquisition processing unit connected to the data acquisition unit, for drawing formation dip angles according to formation dip angle data and drawing target layers according to logging data.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention, the real-time fracturing data system also includes a wellbore structure data acquisition and processing unit connected to the data acquisition unit, which is used to depict the wellbore size and well depth of the current opening based on the two-dimensional projection of the wellbore trajectory data, as well as the casing size, casing depth and casing shoe of the current opening.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention, the real-time fracturing data system further comprises a cementing quality unit connected to the data acquisition unit, the cementing quality unit is used to evaluate the cementing quality grade, and the grade is represented by cement return depths of different colors.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention, the real-time fracturing data system also includes a logging unit connected to the data acquisition unit, and the logging unit is used to draw a change curve of the logging curve according to the logging depth and the wellbore trajectory depth, and the horizontal coordinate of the change curve is the well depth and the vertical coordinate is the gamma value.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention, the real-time fracturing data system also includes a historical operation unit connected to the data acquisition unit, and the historical operation unit includes a bridge plug module, a perforation parameter module, a construction parameter module, and a construction curve module; the bridge plug module is used to confirm the bridge plug position according to the bridge plug depth; the perforation parameter module is used to obtain and display the number of perforation clusters, the number of perforation holes, the perforation hole density, the perforation hole diameter, the gun type, the bullet type, and the operation time; the construction parameter module is used to obtain and display the section number, well section, construction date, sand addition amount, maximum displacement, general displacement, maximum pressure, general pressure, maximum sand concentration, general sand concentration, fracture pressure, pump stop pressure, injected sand amount, and injected liquid amount; the construction curve module is used to generate a curve of pump pressure, casing pressure, displacement, and sand concentration changing with time.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention, the real-time fracturing data system further comprises a calculation parameter unit connected to the data acquisition unit for calculating friction, bottom hole pressure and net pressure, and the calculation parameter unit comprises a fracturing fluid friction module, a bottom hole pressure module and a net pressure module. The fracturing fluid friction module is configured to establish a fracturing fluid friction calculation model through an empirical formula of drag reduction ratio to confirm the fracturing fluid friction. The bottom hole pressure module is connected to the fracturing fluid friction module and is configured to establish a bottom hole pressure model through pump pressure, static liquid column pressure and the fracturing fluid friction to confirm the bottom hole pressure. The net pressure module is configured to establish a net pressure model based on the borehole friction, near wellbore bending friction and crack closure pressure to confirm the net pressure.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention, the real-time fracturing data system also includes a pumping tracking unit connected to the data acquisition unit, which is used to generate a data table of each stage name, displacement, sand concentration, stage sand amount and cumulative sand amount, and to determine the stage name of the current stage based on the comparison between the added sand amount and the cumulative sand amount.

[0019] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for applying real-time fracturing data, wherein the method utilizes the real-time fracturing data system described in any one of the above exemplary embodiments to confirm the construction progress.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following:

[0021] (1) The present invention provides a real-time fracturing data system that can obtain data during the fracturing pumping process in real time, thereby simulating the movement of fracturing fluid and / or sand-carrying fluid in the wellbore and judging the different stages of the pumping process, so as to conveniently and quickly view and grasp the construction progress.

[0022] (2) The present invention provides a real-time fracturing data system that can provide curves based on construction-related data, pumping progress and construction history data, etc., and comprehensively display the real-time data, design data, engineering calculations and construction history data in the fracturing process, enrich the real-time fracturing data system, and provide decision-making basis for engineering personnel.

[0023] (3) The present invention provides a method for applying real-time fracturing data. The method can confirm the construction progress at any time based on the real-time fracturing data system, thereby improving work accuracy and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and other objects and / or features of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 A pumping decision logic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 2 An operation graph of an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure 3 A data transmission flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Hereinafter, the real-time fracturing data system and application method of the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0029] The existing remote transmission system for fracturing construction data only displays curves drawn based on simple construction data. At the same time, the system has single functions and a monotonous interface. It lacks comprehensive display and application of fracturing data under different conditions, which makes it impossible for engineering and technical personnel to quickly and intuitively control the overall situation of the well site, resulting in insufficient guidance on operation construction during remote command.

[0030] In response to the above problems, the inventors have proposed a real-time fracturing data system and application method. The real-time fracturing data system provided by the present invention can obtain real-time formation data and wellbore structure data, confirm the quality of cementing and draw a gamma curve. Combined with the data of the historical operation well section, the wellbore fluid during the pumping process is simulated to grasp the real-time status and draw a real-time curve. At the same time, the construction parameters and calculation parameters can be displayed in real time, and the different stages of the pumping process can be judged, the pumping progress can be tracked, and the comprehensive application of real-time fracturing data can be realized.

[0031] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a real-time fracturing data system on one hand.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment of the real-time fracturing data system of the present invention, the real-time fracturing data system may include a data acquisition unit and a pumping unit; the data acquisition unit is configured to collect and generate real-time fracturing data; the pumping unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to simulate in real time the movement process of the fluid in the wellbore during fracturing pumping.

[0033] Among them, the pumping unit includes a judgment module, a sand adding module and a liquid injection module, and the judgment module is used to judge whether the sand concentration is zero. The liquid injection module is connected to the judgment module, and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage when the sand concentration is zero. When the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid type is changed and the liquid label is switched to a different color, and the label displays the real-time depth of the current liquid; when the liquid volume in the current stage is greater than or equal to the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid type and label remain unchanged. The sand adding module is connected to the judgment module, and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage when the sand concentration is not equal to zero. When the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the liquid volume in the previous stage, the sand concentration or sand type is changed and the liquid label is switched to a different color, and the label displays the real-time depth of the current proppant; when the liquid volume in the current stage is greater than or equal to the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid and label remain unchanged.

[0034] Alternatively, the calculation model of the liquid and / or proppant may be as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Optionally, the real-time fracturing data system may further include a formation data acquisition and processing unit connected to the data acquisition unit, and used to draw the formation dip angle according to the formation dip angle data and draw the target layer according to the logging data.

[0037] Optionally, the real-time fracturing data system may also include a wellbore structure data acquisition and processing unit connected to the data acquisition unit, for depicting the wellbore size and depth of the current opening based on the two-dimensional projection of the wellbore trajectory data, as well as depicting the casing size, casing depth and casing shoe of the current opening.

[0038] Optionally, the real-time fracturing data system may further include a cementing quality unit connected to the data acquisition unit, the cementing quality unit being used to evaluate cementing quality grades, with grades being represented by cement return depths of different colors.

[0039] Optionally, the real-time fracturing data system may further include a logging unit connected to the data acquisition unit, the logging unit being used to draw a change curve of the logging curve according to the logging depth and the wellbore trajectory depth, wherein the abscissa of the change curve is the well depth and the ordinate is the gamma value.

[0040] Optionally, the real-time fracturing data system may also include a historical operation unit connected to the data acquisition unit, the historical operation unit including a bridge plug module, a perforation parameter module, a construction parameter module, and a construction curve module; the bridge plug module is used to confirm the bridge plug position according to the bridge plug depth; the perforation parameter module is used to obtain and display the number of perforation clusters, the number of perforation holes, the perforation hole density, the perforation aperture, the gun type, the bullet type, and the operation time; the construction parameter module is used to obtain and display the section number, well section, construction date, sand addition amount, maximum displacement, general displacement, maximum pressure, general pressure, maximum sand concentration, general sand concentration, fracture pressure, pump stop pressure, injected sand amount, and injected liquid amount; the construction curve module is used to generate a curve of pump pressure, casing pressure, displacement, and sand concentration changing with time.

[0041] Optionally, the real-time fracturing data system may further include a calculation parameter unit connected to the data acquisition unit for calculating friction, bottom hole pressure and net pressure, and the calculation parameter unit includes a fracturing fluid friction module, a bottom hole pressure module and a net pressure module. The fracturing fluid friction module is configured to establish a fracturing fluid friction calculation model through an empirical formula for drag reduction ratio to confirm the fracturing fluid friction. The bottom hole pressure module is connected to the fracturing fluid friction module and is configured to establish a bottom hole pressure model through pump pressure, static liquid column pressure and fracturing fluid friction to confirm the bottom hole pressure. The net pressure module is configured to establish a net pressure model based on the borehole friction, near wellbore bending friction and crack closure pressure to confirm the net pressure.

[0042] Optionally, the real-time fracturing data system may also include a pumping tracking unit connected to the data acquisition unit, for generating a data table of each stage name, displacement, sand concentration, stage sand volume and cumulative sand volume, and determining the stage name of the current stage based on the comparison between the added sand volume and the cumulative sand volume.

[0043] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for applying real-time fracturing data. The method for applying real-time fracturing data can use any of the above-mentioned real-time fracturing data systems to confirm the construction progress.

[0044] In order to better understand the above exemplary embodiments of the present invention, they are further described below with reference to specific examples and drawings.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] In this example, the real-time fracturing data system includes a data acquisition unit and a pumping unit.

[0047] The data acquisition unit is configured to collect and generate real-time fracturing data; the pumping unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to simulate in real time the movement process of the fluid in the wellbore during fracturing pumping.

[0048] The pumping unit includes a judgment module, a sand adding module and a liquid injection module. The judgment module is used to judge whether the sand concentration is zero. The liquid injection module is connected to the judgment module, and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage when the sand concentration is zero. When the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid type is changed and the liquid label is switched to a different color, and the label displays the real-time depth of the current liquid; when the liquid volume in the current stage is greater than or equal to the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid type and label remain unchanged. The sand adding module is connected to the judgment module, and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage when the sand concentration is not equal to zero. When the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the liquid volume in the previous stage, the sand concentration or sand type is changed and the liquid label is switched to a different color, and the label displays the real-time depth of the current proppant; when the liquid volume in the current stage is greater than or equal to the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid and the label remain unchanged.

[0049] More specifically, the judgment logic of the pumping unit is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the current injection dynamics are determined based on the real-time data obtained. First, determine whether the sand concentration in the real-time data is zero. When the sand concentration is not zero, this stage is the sand adding stage. Then further determine which color is currently used to display the proppant. When the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the previous value, it means that the sand concentration has been switched or the proppant type has been changed. At this time, the change is represented by brown. If the liquid volume in the current stage is still greater than the previous value, it means that the proppant or sand concentration has not changed, and black is still used to represent the current liquid. When the sand concentration is zero, it means that it is only the injection stage. Determine whether the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the previous value. If it is less than, it means that the liquid type has been switched. At this time, dark blue is used to represent the injected liquid. If the liquid volume in the stage is not less than the previous value, it means that the current liquid has not changed, and light blue is still used to represent the liquid.

[0050] The real-time depth of the liquid and / or proppant is determined by the stage liquid volume and the cross-sectional area of ​​the wellbore in the real-time data. The calculation model of the real-time position is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] The real-time fracturing data system also includes a formation data acquisition and processing unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to draw the formation dip angle according to the formation dip angle data and the target layer according to the logging data. The formation of the target layer of the construction well section is drawn in the interface as a graphic as the wellbore background of the construction pumping process. The formation dip angle is drawn using the real formation dip angle data in the drilling results data. The division of the target layer is mainly based on the actual logging data. Two formations are drawn at the upper and lower parts of the target layer and distinguished by different colors.

[0053] The real-time fracturing data system also includes a wellbore structure data acquisition and processing unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to depict the wellbore size and depth of the current opening according to the two-dimensional projection of the wellbore trajectory data, as well as the casing size, casing depth and casing shoe of the current opening. The wellbore structure data uses the actual wellbore and casing data during completion, and truly reflects the wellbore size, cementing height, casing size and depth of different openings.

[0054] The real-time fracturing data system also includes a cementing quality unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit. The cementing quality unit is used to evaluate the cementing quality level, and the level is represented by cement return depths of different colors. According to the four-level data of cementing quality evaluation (excellent, good, medium, and poor), medium cementing quality is marked in yellow and poor cementing quality is marked in red on the oil layer casing and wellbore annulus.

[0055] The real-time fracturing data system also includes a logging unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit. The logging unit is used to draw a change curve of the logging curve according to the logging depth and the wellbore trajectory depth. The horizontal coordinate of the change curve is the well depth and the vertical coordinate is the gamma value. The gamma curve chart reads the horizontal section gamma data. The curve with the horizontal coordinate as the well depth and the vertical coordinate as the gamma value is placed below the horizontal wellbore. When the mouse is placed on the curve, the value of the point is displayed.

[0056] The real-time fracturing data system also includes a historical operation unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit. The historical operation unit includes a bridge plug module, a perforation parameter module, a construction parameter module, and a construction curve module. The bridge plug module is used to confirm the position of the bridge plug according to the depth of the bridge plug; the perforation parameter module is used to obtain and display the number of perforation clusters, the number of perforation holes, the density of perforation holes, the diameter of perforation holes, the gun type, the bullet type, and the operation time; the construction parameter module is used to obtain and display the section number, well section, construction date, sand addition amount, maximum displacement, general displacement, maximum pressure, general pressure, maximum sand concentration, general sand concentration, fracture pressure, pump stop pressure, injection sand amount, injection liquid amount; the construction curve module is used to generate a curve of pump pressure, casing pressure, displacement, and sand concentration changing with time. Shale gas fracturing is mainly based on casing fracturing. According to the well section depth of the construction layered data, the actual position of each bridge plug is drawn. Click the bridge plug pop-up window to display the construction curve, perforation parameters, and construction parameters of the historical operation.

[0057] More specifically, the construction curve is drawn based on the real-time data pushed by the system, such as Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal axis shows the construction time progress, the left vertical axis shows the oil pressure and casing, the coordinate range is 0-150Mpa, the red curve 2a is the oil pressure, and the orange curve 2b is the casing pressure; the right vertical axis shows the sand concentration and displacement, and the sand concentration coordinate range is 0-1000kg / m 3 , curve 2c is black; displacement coordinate range is 0-50m 3 / min, the color of curve 2d is blue. The curve also supports legend display. Click the legend to display or hide the curve. Put the mouse on the curve to display the value of the point. Slide the mouse wheel to zoom in and out of the curve. At the same time, double-click the mouse in the zoomed state to quickly restore the curve.

[0058] The real-time fracturing data system also includes a calculation parameter unit connected to the data acquisition unit for calculating friction, bottom hole pressure and net pressure. The calculation parameter unit includes a fracturing fluid friction module, a bottom hole pressure module and a net pressure module.

[0059] The fracturing fluid friction module is configured to establish a fracturing fluid friction calculation model through an empirical formula for drag reduction ratio to confirm the fracturing fluid friction.

[0060] The calculation model of fracturing fluid friction is as follows:

[0061] Δp hf =σΔp w ; (2)

[0062] σΔp w =1.3866×10 6 D -4.8 Q 1.8 L. (3)

[0063] In the above formula: Δp hf represents the friction resistance of the fracturing fluid, MPa; σ represents the drag reduction ratio, dimensionless (obtained experimentally); Δp w Indicates the water friction, MPa; D indicates the inner diameter of the pipe, mm; Q indicates the displacement, m 3 / min; L represents the length of the pipe, m.

[0064] The bottom hole pressure module is connected to the fracturing fluid friction module and is configured to establish a bottom hole pressure model to confirm the bottom hole pressure through pump pressure, hydrostatic column pressure and fracturing fluid friction.

[0065] The bottom hole pressure model is as follows:

[0066] p d =p b +p h - Δp hf, (4)

[0067] p h =9.8ph×10 -6 , (5)

[0068]

[0069] In the above formula, p d Indicates the bottom hole pressure, MPa; p b Indicates pump pressure, MPa; p h Indicates the hydrostatic column pressure, MPa; Δp hf represents the fracturing fluid friction; ρ represents the density of the mixed fluid, Kg / m3; ρ 1 Indicates the density of the fracturing fluid base fluid, g / cm3; ρ t represents the bulk density of the proppant, g / cm3; ρ s Indicates the apparent density of the proppant, g / cm3; c c represents the sand ratio; h represents the vertical depth of the fracturing section, m.

[0070] The net pressure module is configured to establish a net pressure model to determine the net pressure based on the borehole friction, the near-wellbore bending friction and the fracture closure pressure.

[0071] The net pressure model is as follows:

[0072] p=p d -Δp pref -Δp nwb -p c , (7)

[0073]

[0074] In the above formula, p represents the net pressure, MPa; Δp pref Indicates the friction resistance of the hole, MPa; Δp nwb represents the bending friction near the wellbore, MPa; p c represents the crack closure pressure, MPa; ρ represents the density of the mixed liquid, Kg / m3; C represents the hole flow coefficient, dimensionless; N represents the number of holes, dimensionless; D pref Indicates the hole diameter, m; Q is the displacement, m 3 / min.

[0075] The real-time fracturing data system may also include a pump tracking unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to generate a data table of each stage name, displacement, sand concentration, stage sand volume and cumulative sand volume, and to determine the stage name of the current stage based on the comparison between the added sand volume and the cumulative sand volume. The unit determines the position of the current stage progress based on the comparison between the actual added sand volume and the designed cumulative sand volume, and the ongoing stage is indicated by a yellow arrow, the completed stage is indicated by a green check, and the stage not in progress is indicated by a gray check.

[0076] Furthermore, the above real-time data is realized by using the WebSocket protocol for real-time data communication when exchanging real-time data between the client and the server to improve the efficiency of data transmission and reduce data delay, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, real-time fracturing data is collected and generated by the instrument vehicle, transmitted to the collector through the serial port for serial port analysis to generate WITS data, transmitted to the MQ server according to the WITS protocol, stored in the server after data analysis, and then sent to the browser through the WebSocket protocol for real-time display.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] A method for applying real-time fracturing data is provided, and the real-time fracturing data system in Example 1 can be used to confirm the construction progress.

[0079] Specific engineering and technical personnel can obtain real-time formation data, wellbore structure, historical operation sections, construction parameters, cementing quality, friction, bottom hole pressure and net pressure, gamma curve and real-time data curve, and pumping wellbore fluid status through the real-time fracturing data system, so as to grasp the current construction progress and provide more accurate guidance for on-site operations.

[0080] In summary, the beneficial effects include:

[0081] (1) The present invention provides a real-time fracturing data system that can obtain data during the fracturing pumping process in real time, thereby simulating the movement of fracturing fluid and / or sand-carrying fluid in the wellbore and judging the different stages of the pumping process, so as to conveniently and quickly view and grasp the construction progress.

[0082] (2) The present invention provides a real-time fracturing data system that can provide curves based on construction-related data, pumping progress and construction history data, etc., and comprehensively display the real-time data, design data, engineering calculations and construction history data in the fracturing process, enrich the real-time fracturing data system, and provide decision-making basis for engineering personnel.

[0083] (3) The present invention provides a method for applying real-time fracturing data. The method can confirm the construction progress at any time based on the real-time fracturing data system, thereby improving work accuracy and efficiency.

[0084] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A real-time fracturing data system, characterized in that: The real-time fracturing data system comprises: a data acquisition unit and a pumping unit; the data acquisition unit is configured to acquire and generate real-time fracturing data; the pumping unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to simulate in real time the movement process of the fluid in the wellbore during fracturing pumping; Wherein, the pump injection unit includes a judgment module, a sand adding module and a liquid injection module, and the judgment module is used to judge whether the sand concentration is zero; The injection module is connected to the judgment module, and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage when the sand concentration is zero. When the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid type is changed and the color of the label of the liquid is switched, and the label displays the real-time depth of the current liquid; when the liquid volume in the current stage is greater than or equal to the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid type and label remain unchanged; The sand adding module is connected to the judgment module, and is used to compare the liquid volume in the current stage with the liquid volume in the previous stage when the sand concentration is not equal to zero. When the liquid volume in the current stage is less than the liquid volume in the previous stage, the sand concentration or sand type is changed and the color of the label of the liquid is switched, and the label displays the real-time depth of the current proppant; when the liquid volume in the current stage is greater than or equal to the liquid volume in the previous stage, the liquid and the label remain unchanged.

2. The real-time fracturing data system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation model of the real-time depth is:

3. The real-time fracturing data system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time fracturing data system also includes a formation data acquisition and processing unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to draw the formation dip angle according to the formation dip angle data and draw the target layer according to the logging data.

4. The real-time fracturing data system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time fracturing data system also includes a wellbore structure data acquisition and processing unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to depict the wellbore size and depth of the current opening based on the two-dimensional projection of the wellbore trajectory data, as well as the casing size, casing depth and casing shoe of the current opening.

5. The real-time fracturing data system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time fracturing data system further comprises a cementing quality unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit. The cementing quality unit is used to evaluate the cementing quality grade, and the grade is represented by cement return depths of different colors.

6. The real-time fracturing data system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time fracturing data system also includes a logging unit connected to the data acquisition unit. The logging unit is used to draw a change curve of the logging curve according to the logging depth and the wellbore trajectory depth. The horizontal coordinate of the change curve is the well depth and the vertical coordinate is the gamma value.

7. The real-time fracturing data system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time fracturing data system also includes a historical operation unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit. The historical operation unit includes a bridge plug module, a perforation parameter module, a construction parameter module, and a construction curve module; the bridge plug module is used to confirm the bridge plug position according to the bridge plug depth; the perforation parameter module is used to obtain and display the number of perforation clusters, the number of perforation holes, the perforation hole density, the perforation hole diameter, the gun type, the bullet type, and the operation time; the construction parameter module is used to obtain and display the section number, well section, construction date, sand addition amount, maximum displacement, general displacement, maximum pressure, general pressure, maximum sand concentration, general sand concentration, fracture pressure, pump stop pressure, injected sand amount, and injected liquid amount; the construction curve module is used to generate a curve of pump pressure, casing pressure, displacement, and sand concentration changing with time.

8. The real-time fracturing data system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time fracturing data system also includes a calculation parameter unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to calculate friction resistance, bottom hole pressure and net pressure. The calculation parameter unit includes a fracturing fluid friction resistance module, a bottom hole pressure module and a net pressure module; The fracturing fluid friction module is configured to establish a fracturing fluid friction calculation model through an empirical formula for drag reduction ratio to determine the fracturing fluid friction; The bottom hole pressure module is connected to the fracturing fluid friction module and is configured to establish a bottom hole pressure model through pump pressure, hydrostatic column pressure and the fracturing fluid friction to confirm the bottom hole pressure; The net pressure module is configured to establish a net pressure model according to the borehole friction, the near-wellbore bending friction and the fracture closure pressure to confirm the net pressure.

9. The real-time fracturing data system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time fracturing data system also includes a pumping tracking unit, which is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to generate a data table of each stage name, displacement, sand concentration, stage sand amount and cumulative sand amount, and to determine the stage name of the current stage based on the comparison between the added sand amount and the cumulative sand amount.

10. A method for applying real-time fracturing data, characterized in that: The real-time fracturing data application method comprises: using the real-time fracturing data system described in any one of claims 1 to 9 to confirm the construction progress.

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